From owner-freebsd-newbies Sun Jan 9 10: 4:23 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from mail0.mia.bellsouth.net (mail0.mia.bellsouth.net [205.152.16.12]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0010914D7F for ; Sun, 9 Jan 2000 10:04:19 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from consult9@bellsouth.net) Received: from emerald (host-216-77-210-215.fll.bellsouth.net [216.77.210.215]) by mail0.mia.bellsouth.net (3.3.5alt/0.75.2) with SMTP id NAA26200 for ; Sun, 9 Jan 2000 13:04:19 -0500 (EST) From: "Consultant" To: Subject: Subscribe FreeBSD-newbies Date: Sun, 9 Jan 2000 13:06:20 -0500 Message-ID: <000101bf5acc$3ba105e0$d7d24dd8@emerald> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0 Importance: Normal X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Subscribe FreeBSD-newbies To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 0:39: 2 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from hotmail.com (f17.law7.hotmail.com [216.33.237.17]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 09D1914D4F for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 00:39:01 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from ntvsunix@hotmail.com) Received: (qmail 23266 invoked by uid 0); 10 Jan 2000 08:39:00 -0000 Message-ID: <20000110083900.23265.qmail@hotmail.com> Received: from 209.53.55.150 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 00:39:00 PST X-Originating-IP: [209.53.55.150] From: "Some Person" To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Boot Loader... Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 00:39:00 PST Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Is there a way to modify the boot loader not to default to the last booted OS, and only to default to the one I specify as the 'default'? Also, at the same time... Is it hard to setup a dual-boot with FreeBSD and OpenBSD? Not hard, but where/how would I go about adding these and what boot loader should I use? NILO? (not typo for LILO). Thanks! ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 5:49: 5 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from honk.org (cr876208-a.flfrd1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.90.129]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C39491595E for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 05:46:44 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from mpoulin@honk.org) Received: from spectre (mpoulin@cr876208-a.flfrd1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.90.129]) by honk.org (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id IAA01043; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 08:47:03 -0500 Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 08:47:03 -0500 (EST) From: Marty Poulin X-Sender: mpoulin@spectre To: Heiko Recktenwald , freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: FreeBSD Certification - Sysadmin liability ? In-Reply-To: <38781CEE.6726EE0D@confusion.net> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I think that any Unix certification would do - most managers would not be able to tell the difference between SCO and BSD and IRIX; it's all "Unix" to them. I was lucky enough to get my work to pay for several courses at HP, and got my certification in HPUX. HPUX is a good Unix to learn, because it contains features from both BSD and SYS V Unix. There are also Unix certification courses in several training companies like Learning Tree and others - don't know if they teach BSD or what though. - M - On Sun, 9 Jan 2000, Laurence Berland wrote: > Since there is no FreeBSD certification AFAIK, what sort of > certifications are good, if nothing else for a resume and such. For > networking type stuff there's the Cisco certs (CCNA, CCIE, etc.), and > Micro$oft has the MCSE and such. Is there something more generic that > hiring types like to see? > > Heiko Recktenwald wrote: > > > > Hi, > > > > > Well, there's a professional group of systems administrators (SAGE;it's > > > affiliated with USENIX, which is another organization that it's a good > > > idea to know about). > > > > > > And the notion of "certification for systems administrators" tends to be > > > one of the more contentious issues discussed, both in the sage-members > > > mailing list and at face-to-face meetings. > > > > What should a certification be good for ? I dont think BSD needs > > promotion, and else ? Sysadmin liability comes to mind. Well, as a law > > student, not a professional admin, I think all cases are too different, to > > be judged according to the fact if somebody had a general license to admin > > or not. But I dont know any cases. Are there any ? > > > > Heiko > > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message > > -- > Laurence Berland, Stuyvesant HS Debate > <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><> > Windows 98: n. > useless extension to a minor patch release for > 32-bit extensions and a graphical shell for a > 16-bit patch to an 8-bit operating system > originally coded for a 4-bit microprocessor, > written by a 2-bit company that can't stand for > 1 bit of competition. > http://stuy.debate.net > icq #7434346 aol imer E1101 > The above email Copyright (C) 1999 Laurence Berland > All rights reserved > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 8:42:46 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from zagnut.hotpop.com (zagnut.hotpop.com [204.57.55.32]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 249AF14DEF for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 08:42:40 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from kamidesu@hotpop.com) Received: from wingate (unknown [209.198.236.60]) by zagnut.hotpop.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 67C99639CA for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 11:42:31 -0500 (EST) From: m To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Migrando Sendmail para Qmail In-Reply-To: <20000103215957.G12738@cyberfrg.access.one.net> References: <3.0.6.32.20000103131720.00a55be0@mail85.pair.com> <20000103215957.G12738@cyberfrg.access.one.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Becky! ver 1.25.07 Message-Id: <20000110164231.67C99639CA@zagnut.hotpop.com> Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 11:42:31 -0500 (EST) X-HotPOP: ----------------------------------------------- Sent By HotPOP.com FREE Email Get your FREE POP email at www.HotPOP.com ----------------------------------------------- Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Mark Shirley wisely said: > > well, it seemed similar to spanish from my highschool days so thats what i > figured it was. i didn't know that portuguese was similar to spanish. but > know i know, thanks :) > > btw. the whole translation situation was sortof a joke, i was just bored. hehe A joke? well, it wasn't a joke. A joke would be "What's a chicken upon another chicken?" A two-story chicken. Luckily, there is no admin here ... (-: hehe. To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 9: 3:54 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from web213.mail.yahoo.com (web213.mail.yahoo.com [128.11.68.113]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 4119D14EEE for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 09:03:52 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from charlesdillon@yahoo.com) Received: (qmail 2082 invoked by uid 60001); 10 Jan 2000 17:03:51 -0000 Message-ID: <20000110170351.2081.qmail@web213.mail.yahoo.com> Received: from [206.217.87.228] by web213.mail.yahoo.com; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 09:03:51 PST Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 09:03:51 -0800 (PST) From: "Charles F. Dillon" Subject: Updating via CD vs CTM etc To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I have recently installed 3.3Stable ane noticed that 3.4Stable is now available. How necessary is it update from 3.3 until, say, 4.0?( Save for must have feature :)) I use the machine as a single user desktop machine. Is seting up CTM worth it. I plan to at some point, but I was curious if I could get away w/ version updates via CD(ISO-9660 images) until then. ===== ____________________________________________________________ charlesdillon@yahoo.com Charles F. Dillon ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Talk to your friends online with Yahoo! Messenger. http://im.yahoo.com To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 13:41:10 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from zagnut.hotpop.com (zagnut.hotpop.com [204.57.55.32]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C3D4A1520B for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 13:41:07 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from kamidesu@hotpop.com) Received: from wingate (unknown [209.198.236.5]) by zagnut.hotpop.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 1B396639C9 for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 16:40:53 -0500 (EST) From: m To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Primary DNS setup problems In-Reply-To: References: <4.2.2.20000106150136.00ab4f00@mail.vpr.uiowa.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Becky! ver 1.25.07 Message-Id: <20000110214053.1B396639C9@zagnut.hotpop.com> Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 16:40:53 -0500 (EST) X-HotPOP: ----------------------------------------------- Sent By HotPOP.com FREE Email Get your FREE POP email at www.HotPOP.com ----------------------------------------------- Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org > Change linux.bogus to localhost, see if that resolves the problem. Does this means that I need a localhost entry in the dns? I tried sending mail to myself, and sendmail waited fo a minute before saying "no". I'll try. Is questions an alias for "freebsd-questions" and newbies for "freebsd-newbies"? I keep seing those addressess. ------------------------------------------------------------ Make some bucks. http://www.sendmoreinfo.com/id/117700 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 14:47:40 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from clavin.interaccess.com (clavin.interaccess.com [207.70.126.132]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EAF67153B2; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 14:47:34 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from me@philpesek.com) Received: from cobra (d216.focal2.interaccess.com [207.208.137.216]) by clavin.interaccess.com (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id QAA19395; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 16:47:31 -0600 (CST) Message-ID: <004301bf5bbc$b0b822a0$d889d0cf@cobra> From: "Philip Pesek" To: "FreeBSD-Mobile" , "FreeBSD-Newbie" Subject: PCMCIA modem installation problem Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 16:47:04 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.3825.400 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.3825.400 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I'm new to BSD so please bear with me in case this sounds stupid, but I cannot to get an answer from anywhere. I have been trying to install FreeBSD 3.3 on a laptop which has no CD and only a pccard modem for networking. With the PAO floppys, the card is finally recognised and shown in the second vterminal during the PPP setup part of the installation: .... card1: assign sio3 iobase 0x2f8 irq 3 flags 0x80 sio: type 16550A logger: not found .... I don't know what the last line of that means, but thats what it shows. Then when the install program runs PPP, in that same terminal: .... ifconfig: interface ppp0 does not exist ppp0: not found exiting. .... I selected the right serial port, so what is happening, any ideas? I would greatly appreciate any help! I need to know how to get connected via my modem for the install!!!! It is a Zoom PCMCIA V.34C Faxmodem, if that makes any difference. Thanks, Phil To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 22:25:16 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from razor.arnes.si (razor.arnes.si [193.2.1.80]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 02827153B2 for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 22:25:09 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from Martin.Zibert1@guest.arnes.si) Received: from guest.arnes.si (nm4-167i.dial-up.arnes.si [194.249.8.167]) by razor.arnes.si (Postfix) with ESMTP id 91E4F16EA5F for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 07:24:37 +0100 (MET) Message-ID: <387A39C1.3DCB82B1@guest.arnes.si> Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 19:57:53 +0000 From: Martin X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: not ipfw but rc.firewall Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Greetings.. First i would like to thank all of you, who helped me with ppp and thernets cards - it really helped me :-) But problems come and go.. and one of them came to me again :-) Here is the problem: i want to enable firewall on my FreeBSD box (3.4-RELEASE). I recompiled my kernel and added: options IPFIREWALL #firewall options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE #print information about options IPFILTER #kernel ipfilter support options IPFILTER_LOG #ipfilter logging The kernel compiled fine. But when i wanted to configure firewall i found out that there are 2 firewalls. One is ipfw and the other is in rc.firewall. If these sounds too newbie please forgive me. When i try to configure ipfw there are some problems.. if i type "ipfw add deny tcp from evil.crackers.org to nice.people.org 23" (like in example in handbook) it doesn't do anything.. if i do "ipfw -at l" it doesn't show this rule. And if i reboot my box, all of the rules are flushed. Now my question is, what must i do, so that i'll use only rc.firewall. I even removed that ipfw things from kernel, and in rc.conf edited a line "firewall_script="/etc/rc.firewall"" but it doesn't work - when i reboot it shows a help file of ipfw - wird if you ask me :-) I don't know how to tell FreeBSD where to look for firewall rule file. And does any1 know, how to set rules, if you have dynamic IPs ? I don't know how to set that "external interface", "internal interface" in rc.firewall etc. And another thing.. I have a box connected to net trough ethernet card. So the whole network uses one gateway - so if i want to connect a box to inet i have to set gw, where i configure ethernet card (during instalation - Additional network services -> interfaces). And when i have gws IPs set i just have to configure ethernet card and box will be connected ? Or are there some other things that i have to do ? Well if any1 can help me here i'll be very happy. Thanks.. bye.. Martin -- ----- Martin Zibert aka Peky "Ping - Protocol: Connectionless ; Definition: like shouting to a friend in a crowded room!" To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Mon Jan 10 22:52:13 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from gw.Adl.USSR.net (digita1.lnk.telstra.net [139.130.137.85]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 072441541C for ; Mon, 10 Jan 2000 22:52:01 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from smokey@adl.ussr.net) Received: from austinpowers (Smokey.Adl.USSR.net [203.38.181.2]) by gw.Adl.USSR.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA16906 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 17:21:31 +1030 (CST) Reply-To: From: "James" To: Subject: help please! Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 17:21:30 +1030 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0) X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600 Importance: Normal Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Howdy, I've been getting some help with some online (irc) friends with keeping my bsd system (that another friend set up for me) running.... and am trying to do things, like upgrade it slowly but surely :-) Today I tried to compile perl, and couldn't... so friend suggested doing the following; fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-2.2-stable/Latest/227u pgrade.tgz pkg_add 227upgrade.tgz I've done this, and now /usr/ports/perl5 is actually fetching the file.... My question however is, that fetching this 227upgrade... what has that done to my system, am I now running 2.2.7 ? - (previously system was 2.2.6) Do I download the kernel source, and recompile a kernel to take advantage of any new features/bug fixes of 2.2.7 ? basically, I'm wondering ... what have I done? regards james (curses friends that go idle for long periods after telling you something :P~) To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 0:33: 7 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from unknown-230-100.pilot.net (unknown-230-100.pilot.net [206.98.230.100]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4A3D714E52 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 00:33:04 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from sivaramn@wipsys.ge.com) Received: from unknown-239-164.pilot.net (unknown-239-164.pilot.net [206.189.239.164]) by unknown-230-100.pilot.net with ESMTP id DAA28372 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 03:33:03 -0500 (EST) Received: from gemail.wipsys.ge.com (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by unknown-239-164.pilot.net with ESMTP id DAA12784 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 03:32:59 -0500 (EST) Received: from Sivaram ([192.168.47.139]) by gemail.wipsys.ge.com (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with SMTP id AAA5381 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:07:59 +0530 Message-ID: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> Reply-To: "Sivaram Neelakantan" From: "SIVARAM N" To: Subject: awk/gawk question Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:24:07 +0530 Organization: wipro MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hi, If I have a record(s) with the word "DESC" anywhere within it, How do i extract all chars upto the word "DESC" and all the chars after "DESC" till the end of the line/record separately. like for e.g DESC : audit file ADEIN DESC : file from ADE Any help would be appreciated. Regards, Sivaram To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 6:51:17 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from mx2.x-treme.gr (mx2.x-treme.gr [212.120.192.15]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id F122E15565 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 06:51:09 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Received: from localhost.hell.gr (pat57.x-treme.gr [212.120.197.249]) by mx2.x-treme.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3/IPNG-ADV-ANTISPAM-0.1) with SMTP id QAA09445 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 16:51:00 +0200 Received: (qmail 60075 invoked by uid 1001); 11 Jan 2000 12:33:52 -0000 Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:33:51 +0200 From: Giorgos Keramidas To: "Charles F. Dillon" Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Updating via CD vs CTM etc Message-ID: <20000111143351.A59158@hades.hell.gr> Reply-To: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr References: <20000110170351.2081.qmail@web213.mail.yahoo.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0pre3i In-Reply-To: <20000110170351.2081.qmail@web213.mail.yahoo.com> Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Mon, Jan 10, 2000 at 09:03:51AM -0800, Charles F. Dillon wrote: > > I have recently installed 3.3Stable ane noticed that 3.4Stable is now > available. How necessary is it update from 3.3 until, say, 4.0?( > Save for must have feature :)) I use the machine as a single user > desktop machine. Is seting up CTM worth it. I plan to at some point, > but I was curious if I could get away w/ version updates via > CD(ISO-9660 images) until then. It is not "necessary" to update to the latest 3.x release of the sources. I have been running for quite some time on 3.0-STABLE, before I found the time for a cvsup, make world, update of /etc/, etc. The way you will update the system depends on several factors. For instance, if it's not so easy to get cd9660 images distributed to your area, and bandwidth is relatively cheap, an update by recompile sounds really nice. On the other hand, if you do update by fetching the latest sources, be prepared for a relatively large /usr/src tree. In my home machine, the /usr/src hierarchy takes approximately 210 Mb. On a machine with a limited hard disk, this might sound just impossible [network and NFS excluded here]. Of course, if you update the sources, do not use CTM, but CVSup. It's a lot more friendly to your bandwidth :) -- Giorgos Keramidas, < keramida @ ceid . upatras . gr > "What we have to learn to do, we learn by doing." [Aristotle] To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 14:20: 8 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from prolynx.com (prolynx.com [207.174.126.1]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0893015283 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:19:58 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from BOFH@prolynx.com) Received: from prolynx.com ([207.174.174.168]) by prolynx.com with ESMTP (IPAD 2.52/64) id 5826100; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 15:19:55 -0700 Message-ID: <387BAC8C.F36DCE00@prolynx.com> Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 22:19:56 +0000 From: BOFH Reply-To: DILLIGAF@post.com X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (X11; I; Linux 2.2.14 i686) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Installing on COMPAQ 1850/5000 with SMART2/2E Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org General question: After searching the FAQ's, HOWTO's, -scsi, -tech, -questions mail archives and finding http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~md/ida/ and http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/dev/ida/ I am still left with the problem: How do I (successfully) create a bootable kernel that supports the Compaq SMART2 RAID controller well enough to perform a new install? I've seen plenty of references to _having_ done this, with no particular pointers on _how_ to do this. I have tried several different variants of making the ida devices build, but unfortunately I'm in a bit of a Cache-22 in that I can't get a native implementation of the device files until I can get one of the Compaq's up and running. The kernels I've managed to build so far boot, see the NIC and FDD, but are still lost on the SCSI-RAID. I am using FreeBSD v3.4-STABLE on a DELL 2300, with the standard development options installed (gcc, perl, etc.). Any help in either creating this or pointers to the correct documentation will be appreciated. Thanks, - Ed To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 14:25: 9 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from mx2.x-treme.gr (mx2.x-treme.gr [212.120.192.15]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0FEB6150FF for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:25:01 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Received: from localhost.hell.gr (pat28.x-treme.gr [212.120.197.220]) by mx2.x-treme.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3/IPNG-ADV-ANTISPAM-0.1) with SMTP id AAA23411 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 00:24:47 +0200 Received: (qmail 65777 invoked by uid 1001); 11 Jan 2000 16:29:44 -0000 Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 18:29:44 +0200 From: Giorgos Keramidas To: SIVARAM N Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: awk/gawk question Message-ID: <20000111182944.B64680@hades.hell.gr> Reply-To: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr References: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0pre3i In-Reply-To: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Tue, Jan 11, 2000 at 02:24:07PM +0530, SIVARAM N wrote: > Hi, > > If I have a record(s) with the word "DESC" anywhere within it, > How do i extract all chars upto the word "DESC" and all the chars after > "DESC" till the end of the line/record separately. > > like for e.g > DESC : audit file > ADEIN DESC : file from ADE If you want to use DESC as the separator of records, you can always change FS in awk to achieve it. $ cat desc.awk BEGIN { FS = "DESC"; } { print NF,":",$1,"/",$2; } $ cat < "What we have to learn to do, we learn by doing." [Aristotle] To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 14:25:12 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from mx2.x-treme.gr (mx2.x-treme.gr [212.120.192.15]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 67C1D14DFF for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:24:58 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Received: from localhost.hell.gr (pat28.x-treme.gr [212.120.197.220]) by mx2.x-treme.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3/IPNG-ADV-ANTISPAM-0.1) with SMTP id AAA23409 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 00:24:47 +0200 Received: (qmail 65533 invoked by uid 1001); 11 Jan 2000 16:11:05 -0000 Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 18:11:05 +0200 From: Giorgos Keramidas To: Martin Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: not ipfw but rc.firewall Message-ID: <20000111181105.A64680@hades.hell.gr> Reply-To: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr References: <387A39C1.3DCB82B1@guest.arnes.si> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0pre3i In-Reply-To: <387A39C1.3DCB82B1@guest.arnes.si> Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org [ message format revamped ] On Mon, Jan 10, 2000 at 07:57:53PM +0000, Martin wrote: > Greetings.. > > First i would like to thank all of you, who helped me with ppp and > Ethernet cards - it really helped me :-) But problems come and go.. and > one of them came to me again :-) Problems always had a great sociality. They never stay alone, thus their tendency to find other things to hang out with. One of their favorites are humans. > Here is the problem: i want to enable firewall on my FreeBSD box > (3.4-RELEASE). I recompiled my kernel and added: > > options IPFIREWALL #firewall > options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE #print information about > options IPFILTER #kernel ipfilter support > options IPFILTER_LOG #ipfilter logging You don't need all of these for using ipfw. The confusion was probably a result of the fact that FreeBSD supports two different ways of filtering packets. The first one is `ipfw', which you said that you wanted to use. The other one is `ipfilter', a totally different thing. The first three options you used are indeed for `ipfw'. But, the two last options, namely IPFILTER and IPFILTER_LOG, are for the other firewall thing supported by FreeBSD, called `ipfilter'. The kernel options relevant to using ipfw are: options IPFIREWALL #firewall options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE #print info about dropped packets options "IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=100" #limit verbosity other options you might want to enable for specialized uses of `ipfw' are the following: options IPDIVERT #divert sockets for ipfw options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD #enable transparent proxy support options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT #allow everything by default > The kernel compiled fine. But when i wanted to configure firewall i > found out that there are 2 firewalls. One is ipfw and the other is in > rc.firewall. The kernel happily compiles with support for both firewall programs enabled. However, I have had some problems managing to set them up to work when I added both of them to a running kernel, and it seems rather pointless anyway. Oh, and another thing. The `ipfw' program is a utility that lets you manage the list of the firewall rules. The /etc/rc.firewall script is a totally different thing. The rc.firewall script is executed at system boot, and it uses `ipfw' to setup the rules of your firewall. Not quite the same thing :) > If these sounds too newbie please forgive me. When i try to > configure ipfw there are some problems.. if i type "ipfw add deny tcp > from evil.crackers.org to nice.people.org 23" (like in example in > handbook) it doesn't do anything.. if i do "ipfw -at l" it doesn't > show this rule. Without a number where the rule is going to be added ipfw will try to add the rule after the last rule you have added to it's list. Look at the bottom of the list. It should be there. > And if i reboot my box, all of the rules are flushed. Now my question > is, what must i do, so that I'll use only rc.firewall. You have to save these rules for rc.firewall to find them next time you boot the system. Leave that firewall_script line alone, and copy into /etc/rc.conf from the file /etc/defaults/rc.conf the line that says: firewall_type="UNKNOWN" Copy this line in /etc/rc.conf and change it to look like: firewall_type="/etc/ipfw.conf" Then you can edit the file /etc/ipfw.conf with any text editor you like and add the rules of your firewall there. Other lines that you might find handy in /etc/defaults/rc.conf are: firewall_enable="YES" #enable firewall functionality firewall_quiet="YES" #print nothing while setting up rules > I even removed that ipfw things from kernel, and in rc.conf edited a > line "firewall_script="/etc/rc.firewall"" but it doesn't work - when > i reboot it shows a help file of ipfw - wird if you ask me :-) Right before that help, ipfw usually prints an error message that caused it to print it. For instance, when I try to add a rule for a machine whose name cannot be resolved, I get: # ipfw add deny ip from no.such.host.net to any ipfw: error: hostname ``no.such.host.net'' unknown usage: ipfw [options] ... the rest of the ipfw usage ... If you have removed ipfw support from the kernel, you cannot use rc.firewall for setting up the rules of your box. The message will probably say that your kernel does not support filtering :) > I don't know how to tell FreeBSD where to look for firewall rule > file. And does anyone know, how to set rules, if you have dynamic > IPs? A small document that describes how I did set up my home box rules when I was first playing with ipfw can be found at: http://students.ceid.upatras.gr/~keramida/freebsd/ipfw.html The above is fine if you want to setup an `open' firewall, which allows anything and requires an explicit rule for denying certain `bad' packets. For a firewall that by default denies everything, selectively allowing traffic through, look at: http://students.ceid.upatras.gr/~keramida/freebsd/ipfw-closed.html > I don't know how to set that "external interface", "internal > interface" in rc.firewall etc. There is no "external interface" or "internal interface" string in my rc.firewall script, and I'm using FreeBSD 3.4-STABLE. % grep external /etc/rc.firewall % grep internal /etc/rc.firewall % > And another thing.. I have a box connected to net trough Ethernet > card. So the whole network uses one gateway - so if i want to connect > a box to inet i have to set gw, where i configure Ethernet card > (during installation - Additional network services -> interfaces). > And when i have gws IPs set i just have to configure Ethernet card > and box will be connected? The gateway box will be connected to both networks after you set up properly your rc.conf file and reboot. The setup of a gateway that I installed lately shows: network_interfaces="lo0 fxp0 xl0" ifconfig_lo0="inet 127.0.0.1" ifconfig_fxp0="inet 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0" ifconfig_xl0="inet a.b.c.d netmask 255.255.255.0" where a.b.c.d the IP address of the 'external' interface. If you want the box to act as a gateway, you need forwarding enabled though. Therefore, edit the following rc.conf line to enable it: gateway_enable="YES" This will effectively run the next command each time you boot: # sysctl -w net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 which will enable forwarding of packets from one interface to the other. If you want to selectively forward packets, using ipfw you can control what is allowed to `enter' an interface and what is allowed to `leave' it. Ciao. -- Giorgos Keramidas, < keramida @ ceid . upatras . gr > "What we have to learn to do, we learn by doing." [Aristotle] To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 14:30:51 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from zmamail01.zma.compaq.com (zmamail01.zma.compaq.com [161.114.64.101]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 79FB614E7D for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 14:30:48 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from michael.waite@compaq.com) Received: by zmamail01.zma.compaq.com (Postfix, from userid 12345) id 882173BF; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 17:30:42 -0500 (EST) Received: from exctay-gh01.tay.cpqcorp.net (exctay-gh01.tay.cpqcorp.net [16.103.129.42]) by zmamail01.zma.compaq.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7FC7060B; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 17:30:42 -0500 (EST) Received: by exctay-gh01.tay.cpqcorp.net with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) id ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 17:30:41 -0500 Message-ID: <212CC57E84B8D111AD780000F84AA04906963ECB@mroexc2.tay.dec.com> From: "Waite, Michael" To: "'DILLIGAF@post.com'" , freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Installing on COMPAQ 1850/5000 with SMART2/2E Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 17:30:39 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Well if it would help you can test it on my ProLiant 5500 running FreeBSD v3.4-STABLE http://www.testdrive.compaq.com -----Mike -----Original Message----- From: BOFH [mailto:BOFH@prolynx.com] Sent: Tuesday, January 11, 2000 5:20 PM To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Installing on COMPAQ 1850/5000 with SMART2/2E General question: After searching the FAQ's, HOWTO's, -scsi, -tech, -questions mail archives and finding http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~md/ida/ and http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/dev/ida/ I am still left with the problem: How do I (successfully) create a bootable kernel that supports the Compaq SMART2 RAID controller well enough to perform a new install? I've seen plenty of references to _having_ done this, with no particular pointers on _how_ to do this. I have tried several different variants of making the ida devices build, but unfortunately I'm in a bit of a Cache-22 in that I can't get a native implementation of the device files until I can get one of the Compaq's up and running. The kernels I've managed to build so far boot, see the NIC and FDD, but are still lost on the SCSI-RAID. I am using FreeBSD v3.4-STABLE on a DELL 2300, with the standard development options installed (gcc, perl, etc.). Any help in either creating this or pointers to the correct documentation will be appreciated. Thanks, - Ed To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 19: 5:11 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from zagnut.hotpop.com (zagnut.hotpop.com [204.57.55.32]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3D4B914F03; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 19:05:03 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from kamidesu@hotpop.com) Received: from wingate (unknown [209.198.236.32]) by zagnut.hotpop.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 69F52639DC; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 22:04:49 -0500 (EST) From: m To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: IPFW question In-Reply-To: <20000111182944.B64680@hades.hell.gr> References: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> <20000111182944.B64680@hades.hell.gr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Mailer: Becky! ver 1.25.07 Message-Id: <20000112030449.69F52639DC@zagnut.hotpop.com> Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2000 22:04:49 -0500 (EST) X-HotPOP: ----------------------------------------------- Sent By HotPOP.com FREE Email Get your FREE POP email at www.HotPOP.com ----------------------------------------------- Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org If I deny ip access to an adress (10.0.0.1) that includes ALL the ports, of course. from 0 to 65535. And "allow all via lo0" means anything passing thru lo0 (localhost, 127.0.0.1) is allowed, so I can connect to anything IF I'm using Lo0, even to the specifically denied ip or port numbers. Right? Thank you. Bye. To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Tue Jan 11 19:40:50 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from unknown-230-100.pilot.net (unknown-230-100.pilot.net [206.98.230.100]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9FC2015090 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 19:40:46 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from sivaramn@wipsys.ge.com) Received: from unknown-239-164.pilot.net (unknown-239-164.pilot.net [206.189.239.164]) by unknown-230-100.pilot.net with ESMTP id WAA18424 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 22:40:41 -0500 (EST) Received: from gemail.wipsys.ge.com (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by unknown-239-164.pilot.net with ESMTP id WAA18604 for ; Tue, 11 Jan 2000 22:40:38 -0500 (EST) Received: from Sivaram ([192.168.47.139]) by gemail.wipsys.ge.com (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with SMTP id AAA34D4; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 09:15:42 +0530 Message-ID: <003701bf5cb1$c483c500$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> Reply-To: "Sivaram Neelakantan" From: "SIVARAM N" To: Cc: References: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> <20000111182944.B64680@hades.hell.gr> Subject: Re: awk/gawk question Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2000 09:31:56 +0530 Organization: wipro MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org >From: Giorgos Keramidas > If you want to use DESC as the separator of records, you can always > change FS in awk to achieve it. No, that's not what i wanted. The word appears infrequently in the text & that's why i didn't use it the first place. i checked the string functions & found the match() operator which sets RSTART & RLENGTH of the matched string. This along with length($0) helped me to get all text excluding the matched portion. Thanks anyway Regards Sivaram To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Wed Jan 12 1:10:25 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from unknown-230-100.pilot.net (unknown-230-100.pilot.net [206.98.230.100]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 81EAB150B6 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 01:10:09 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from sivaramn@wipsys.ge.com) Received: from unknown-239-164.pilot.net (unknown-239-164.pilot.net [206.189.239.164]) by unknown-230-100.pilot.net with ESMTP id EAA16844 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 04:10:05 -0500 (EST) Received: from gemail.wipsys.ge.com (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by unknown-239-164.pilot.net with ESMTP id EAA19847 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 04:10:01 -0500 (EST) Received: from Sivaram ([192.168.47.139]) by gemail.wipsys.ge.com (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with SMTP id AAABAD for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 14:45:06 +0530 Message-ID: <002901bf5cdf$c696d7a0$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> Reply-To: "Sivaram Neelakantan" From: "SIVARAM N" To: Subject: awk: working with multiple files Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2000 15:01:15 +0530 Organization: wipro MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2014.211 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2014.211 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hi, I have 2 files both of which are sorted on one column. File1 file2 -------- -------- CCLC CCLA CCLD CCLC CCLK CCLD ... CCLE ... For every occurrence of column1 in file1, the desc should be picked from file2 if an occurrence is found . How do you do that? I think, reading the first file into an associative array in BEGIN would help but how do I stop reading into the array after the end of the first file & work with the 2nd file in the body ,when the files are passed through the command line? Please,no Perl , as I have only awk installed currently. Regards, Sivaram To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Wed Jan 12 2:58:10 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from berk.mail.netforce.net (berk.mail.netforce.net [195.58.64.236]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 555E614F7E for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 02:58:07 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from jholtom@netforce.net) Received: from bagpuss.i.netforce.net (tarbuck.netforce.net [195.58.64.34]) by berk.mail.netforce.net (8.8.8/8.8.7) with ESMTP id LAA28700; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 11:21:20 GMT Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2000 11:02:19 +0000 (GMT) From: James Holtom Reply-To: James Holtom To: DILLIGAF@post.com Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Installing on COMPAQ 1850/5000 with SMART2/2E In-Reply-To: <387BAC8C.F36DCE00@prolynx.com> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Tue, 11 Jan 2000, BOFH wrote: > General question: > > How do I (successfully) create a bootable kernel that supports the > Compaq SMART2 RAID controller well enough to perform a new install? What I did was: (This is a bit hazy, as the last time I did this was for version 3.2, back in July1999 it ought to work still though) 1) Take a bog-standard clone machine 2) Install FreeBSD flavour of your choice 3) CVSUP, to STABLE, followed by rebuild world 4) copy the GENERIC kernel config file, and add the bits required to support the RAID controller, as detailed in the LINT file 5) Compile RAID-supporting flavour of GENERIC 6) gzip the kernel you've just cooked 7) mount a freshly made floppy boot disc 8) copy this gzipped kernel over the top of kernel present 9) Mission accomplished. This next bit I am a lot more certain about, as I did it just yesterday: You then install as normal, having first configured your RAID array, using the SMART-START boot CDROM. (Perhaps as Compaq people are in this list they might like to comment on the optimal settings for the array, currently I am telling it that I am going to install SCO unix... :-) -- as FreeBSD isn't a supported flavour [in version 4.22] Or better still, perhaps they could arrange for FreeBSD to be a supported option on the next version ;-) The crucial thing to remember is that /before/ you reboot you _must_ mount your boot floppy, and copy the kernel into / and then uncompress it... > I have tried several different variants of making the ida devices build, > but unfortunately I'm in a bit of a Cache-22 in that I can't get a > native implementation of the device files until I can get one of the > Compaq's up and running. :-) Indeed -- pulling yourself up by your boot-laces :-) Cheers, James Speaking from, but not for Netforce Group plc To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Wed Jan 12 11:25: 6 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from honk.org (cr876208-a.flfrd1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.90.129]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6F71D14CCD for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 11:25:03 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from mpoulin@honk.org) Received: from spectre (mpoulin@cr876208-a.flfrd1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.90.129]) by honk.org (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id OAA04524; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 14:26:49 -0500 Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2000 14:26:44 -0500 (EST) From: Marty Poulin X-Sender: mpoulin@spectre To: SIVARAM N Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: awk: working with multiple files In-Reply-To: <002901bf5cdf$c696d7a0$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I think the people in freebsd-questions would be able to answer this better than -newbies... - M - On Wed, 12 Jan 2000, SIVARAM N wrote: > Hi, > > I have 2 files both of which are sorted on one column. > > File1 file2 > -------- -------- > > CCLC CCLA > CCLD CCLC > CCLK CCLD > ... CCLE > ... > > For every occurrence of column1 in file1, the desc should be > picked from file2 if an occurrence is found . How do you do > that? > > I think, reading the first file into an associative array in BEGIN would help > but how do I stop reading into the array after the end of the first file & work > with the 2nd file in the body ,when the files are passed through the command > line? > > Please,no Perl , as I have only awk installed currently. > > Regards, > Sivaram > > > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Wed Jan 12 20:15: 1 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from cencar.udg.mx (udgserv.cencar.udg.mx [148.202.3.2]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4904614CD0 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 20:14:54 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from jmfj3112@udgserv.cencar.udg.mx) Received: from udgserv.cencar.udg.mx ([148.244.101.52]) by cencar.udg.mx (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id WAA12631 for ; Wed, 12 Jan 2000 22:14:49 -0600 (PST) Message-ID: <387D509A.CB845C32@udgserv.cencar.udg.mx> Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2000 22:12:10 -0600 From: JPL Reply-To: jmfj3112@udgserv.cencar.udg.mx Organization: JPL X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: es MIME-Version: 1.0 To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org Subject: Display too large Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hi there, I just need some help to configure my display, as you see in the subject its too large, after using the XF86Setup, it sends a message tellin that i must run xvidtune in order to adjsut the size display, but I cant see the rest of the display, and after that when a Run the X session using "startx", the server runs well except for the size, and when Im trying to configure it and run it for the second time the system crashes and dont allow me to use the keyboard or the mouse, and I have to turn off the PC. Im using the 3D AGP video card, with 11MB of video memory, 96 MB in RAM and a Hewlett Packard Monitor, Model M50, all in a Hewlett Packard Pavilion 8567. Glad you can help me. Thank you. Luis To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 4:16:31 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from sentry.granch.ru (sentry.granch.ru [212.20.5.135]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 602031509B for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 04:16:28 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from shelton@sentry.granch.ru) Received: (from shelton@localhost) by sentry.granch.ru (8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA00936 for freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 18:16:26 +0600 (NOVT) Message-ID: X-Mailer: XFMail 1.3 [p0] on FreeBSD X-Priority: 3 (Normal) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=KOI8-R Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit MIME-Version: 1.0 Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 18:16:26 +0600 (NOVT) Organization: Granch Ltd. From: "Rashid N. Achilov" To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Pentium - III Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Does FreeBSD supporting Pentium-III? --- With Best Regards. Rashid N. Achilov (RNA1-RIPE), Cert. ID: 28514, Granch Ltd. lead engineer e-mail: achilov@granch.ru, tel (383-2) 24-2363 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 9:16:14 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from crcst351.netaddress.usa.net (crcst351.netaddress.usa.net [204.68.23.96]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 54869151CB for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 09:16:09 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from eduhuertas@usa.net) Received: (qmail 8167 invoked from network); 13 Jan 2000 17:12:16 -0000 Received: from nw177.netaddress.usa.net (204.68.24.77) by outbound.netaddress.usa.net with SMTP; 13 Jan 2000 17:12:16 -0000 Received: (qmail 2183 invoked by uid 60001); 13 Jan 2000 17:12:15 -0000 Message-ID: <20000113171215.2182.qmail@nw177.netaddress.usa.net> Received: from 204.68.24.77 by nw177 for [205.161.188.115] via web-mailer(M3.4.0.33) on Thu Jan 13 17:12:15 GMT 2000 Date: 13 Jan 00 10:12:15 MST From: Eduardo Huertas To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: X-Mailer: USANET web-mailer (M3.4.0.33) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org subscribe ____________________________________________________________________ Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=3D= 1 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:23:39 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from cepheus.azstarnet.com (cepheus.azstarnet.com [169.197.56.195]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4B811156AF for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:23:28 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from sbcorey@azstarnet.com) Received: from azstarnet.com (dialup07ip091.tus.azstarnet.com [169.197.33.91]) by cepheus.azstarnet.com (8.9.3+blt.Beta0/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA06590; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 11:23:09 -0700 (MST) X-Sent-via: StarNet http://www.azstarnet.com/ Message-ID: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 11:23:46 -0700 From: Scott Corey X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (X11; U; FreeBSD 3.4-STABLE i386) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "Rashid N. Achilov" Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Pentium - III References: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org "Rashid N. Achilov" wrote: > > Does FreeBSD supporting Pentium-III? > --- > With Best Regards. > Rashid N. Achilov (RNA1-RIPE), Cert. ID: 28514, Granch Ltd. lead engineer > e-mail: achilov@granch.ru, tel (383-2) 24-2363 > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message Yes, FreeBSD supports many different hardware setups to find all available setups go here: http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/install-hw.html Scott To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:48:40 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1DA451586C for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:48:38 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:57:00 -0500 Message-ID: <003d01bf5df6$e581cbd0$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:48:58 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D5D0214A26 for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:48:55 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:57:18 -0500 Message-ID: <004001bf5df6$f04365b0$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:49: 8 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id E664715653 for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:49:04 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:57:26 -0500 Message-ID: <004101bf5df6$f4fc0bc0$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:49:52 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 223FA155DA for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:49:50 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:58:09 -0500 Message-ID: <004c01bf5df7$0f0d2c10$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:51:22 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id C4F6E14D7E for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:51:19 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:59:42 -0500 Message-ID: <005801bf5df7$462b6ea0$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:52:45 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3B18C15207 for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:52:43 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:01:05 -0500 Message-ID: <006501bf5df7$77f82680$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:52:46 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 35240152A0 for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:52:44 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:01:06 -0500 Message-ID: <006601bf5df7$78121720$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> <004c01bf5df7$0f0d2c10$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> Subject: Re: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:53:23 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I'm not too sure why or how I sent 4 messages. I'm using an NT workstation w/ outlook express 5 to send mail. bad choice. back to Tera Term Pro and Pine. sorry chris To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:52:53 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id AC2A9152A0 for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:52:48 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:01:11 -0500 Message-ID: <006701bf5df7$7b239ce0$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> Subject: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:49:18 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Hello, I recently upgraded my ol Micron Pentium 100 Freebsd 3.2 box over to a TX Pro II ,with an AMIBIOS 1.19 and a Cyrix II 300 chip. My problem lies in the boot manager. It correctly shows F1 for Dos and F2 or FreeBSD. Pressing F2 does nothing. I've played around with the BIOS a bit, and after 2 weeks of having to use Windows (well, I suppose I could rebuild that old micron!) I'm about to puke. I've tried to install LILO, but , it won't work either. Hell, I even tried to install Red hat on a small partition just for LILO and it's not working. Any Help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks Chris Lynch To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:52:54 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7856914D7E for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:52:49 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:01:11 -0500 Message-ID: <006801bf5df7$7b43a800$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> <004c01bf5df7$0f0d2c10$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> Subject: Re: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:53:23 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I'm not too sure why or how I sent 4 messages. I'm using an NT workstation w/ outlook express 5 to send mail. bad choice. back to Tera Term Pro and Pine. sorry chris To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:53:36 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4360E155CB for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:53:30 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:01:50 -0500 Message-ID: <007d01bf5df7$9252abe0$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> <004c01bf5df7$0f0d2c10$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> Subject: Re: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:53:23 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I'm not too sure why or how I sent 4 messages. I'm using an NT workstation w/ outlook express 5 to send mail. bad choice. back to Tera Term Pro and Pine. sorry chris To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 10:53:51 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from radius.city-guide.com (radius.cityisp.net [216.2.9.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D024F15656 for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 10:53:46 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from lynch@cityisp.net) Received: from tech138 (unverified [216.3.179.138]) by radius.city-guide.com (Vircom SMTPRS 4.2.181) with SMTP id for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:02:06 -0500 Message-ID: <008601bf5df7$9be73770$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> From: "Chris Lynch" To: References: <387E1832.C86AF313@azstarnet.com> <004c01bf5df7$0f0d2c10$8ab303d8@cityguide.com> Subject: Re: Tx Pro II -AMIBIOS--dual boot doesn't work Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 13:53:23 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I'm not too sure why or how I sent 4 messages. I'm using an NT workstation w/ outlook express 5 to send mail. bad choice. back to Tera Term Pro and Pine. sorry chris To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Thu Jan 13 14:35:51 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from mx2.x-treme.gr (mx2.x-treme.gr [212.120.192.15]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 37B8A150AA for ; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 14:35:42 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Received: from hades.hell.gr (pat34.x-treme.gr [212.120.197.226]) by mx2.x-treme.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3/IPNG-ADV-ANTISPAM-0.1) with ESMTP id AAA09666 for ; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 00:35:30 +0200 Received: (from charon@localhost) by hades.hell.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA03777 for freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org; Thu, 13 Jan 2000 17:21:53 +0200 (EET) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2000 17:21:52 +0200 From: Giorgos Keramidas To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: Contributing patch for ipfilter? Message-ID: <20000113172152.G2590@hades.hell.gr> Reply-To: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0pre3i Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org I installed Darren's ipfilter yesterday, and after making a few changes to my /etc files I came up with the patch below. Do you think I could send the thing to freebsd-hackers for others to test / refine? If this is an option, how should I go about doing it? :) The patch adds to rc.conf the variables: ipf_{enable|program|flags} ipnat_{enable|program|flags} ipmon_{enable_program|flags} and a bunch o' shell lines to /etc/rc.network. Ciao. "Giorgos E. Keramidas" < keramida @ ceid . upatras . gr > -- patch follows -- diff -r -c etc.orig/defaults/rc.conf etc/defaults/rc.conf *** etc.orig/defaults/rc.conf Sun Nov 28 18:02:30 1999 --- etc/defaults/rc.conf Thu Jan 13 00:12:37 2000 *************** *** 44,49 **** --- 44,58 ---- natd_enable="NO" # Enable natd (if firewall_enable == YES). natd_interface="fxp0" # Public interface or IPaddress to use. natd_flags="" # Additional flags for natd. + ipf_program="/sbin/ipf" # path to ipf, if you got it somewhere else + ipf_enable="YES" # Set to YES to enable ipfilter firewall + ipf_flags="-f /etc/ipf.conf" # Additional flags to pass to ipfilter + ipnat_program="/usr/sbin/ipnat" # path to ipnat, ipfilter's nat daemon + ipnat_enable="YES" # Set to YES, to enable ipnat functionality. + ipnat_flags="-f /etc/ipnat.conf" # Additional flags to pass to ipnat daemon + ipmon_program="/usr/sbin/ipmon" # path to ipmon, logger of ipfilter + ipmon_enable="YES" # Set to YES to enable ipfilter logging + ipmon_flags="-a -s" # -a = log everything, -s = to syslogd tcp_extensions="NO" # Disallow RFC1323 extensions (or YES). log_in_vain="NO" # Disallow bad connection logging (or YES). tcp_keepalive="YES" # Kill dead TCP connections (or NO). diff -r -c etc.orig/rc.network etc/rc.network *** etc.orig/rc.network Fri Dec 17 01:47:22 1999 --- etc/rc.network Thu Jan 13 00:02:43 2000 *************** *** 113,118 **** --- 113,146 ---- echo -n 'Starting ppp: '; ppp ${ppp_command} -quiet ${ppp_profile} fi + # Initialize filtering using ipfilter. + echo "" + ipf -F a > /dev/null 2>&1 + if [ $? = 0 ] ; then + ipfilter_in_kernel=1 + else + ipfilter_in_kernel=0 + fi + + if [ $ipfilter_in_kernel = 0 -a "x$ipf_enable" = "xYES" ] ; then + # No kld support for ipfilter yet? + echo "Warning: ipfilter is not supported." + fi + + # Load filters if required + if [ $ipfilter_in_kernel = 1 ] ; then + if [ X"$ipf_enable" = X"YES" ] ; then + echo -n ' ipf'; ${ipf_program} ${ipf_flags} + fi + if [ X"$ipnat_enable" = X"YES" ] ; then + echo -n ' ipnat'; ${ipnat_program} ${ipnat_flags} + fi + if [ X"$ipmon_enable" = X"YES" ] ; then + echo -n ' ipmon'; ${ipmon_program} ${ipmon_flags} & + fi + echo '.' + fi + # Initialize IP filtering using ipfw echo "" /sbin/ipfw -q flush > /dev/null 2>&1 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Fri Jan 14 8:19:43 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from bbnmg1.cns.hp.com (bbnmg1.net.external.hp.com [192.6.76.73]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id BB71F15211 for ; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 08:19:25 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from michael_heitmeier@hp.com) Received: from isoit644.bbn.hp.com (isoit644.bbn.hp.com [15.136.88.78]) by bbnmg1.cns.hp.com (8.8.6 (PHNE_17135)/8.8.5tis) with ESMTP id RAA11080; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 17:18:23 +0100 (MET) Received: from localhost (root@localhost) by isoit644.bbn.hp.com (8.9.3 (PHNE_18979)/8.9.3 SMKit6.0.6 OpenMail) with SMTP id RAA14990; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 17:18:22 +0100 (MET) From: michael_heitmeier@hp.com X-OpenMail-Hops: 1 Date: Fri, 14 Jan 2000 17:18:10 +0100 Message-Id: In-Reply-To: <199912232026.MAA65665@pau-amma.whistle.com> Subject: Re: setting up a laptop workstation To: dhw@whistle.com Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG, jcm@dogma.freebsd-uk.eu.org Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org What about the blatant lack of support from X fro LCD displays though? I just tried myself and it's pretty horrible, I did not get it to run properly on the chap Toshiba I got. Are there any pointers about X on laptops? TIA, Michal ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Re: setting up a laptop workstation Author: Non-HP-dhw (dhw@whistle.com) at HP-Germany,shargw6 Date: 23.12.99 21:26 >Date: Wed, 22 Dec 1999 23:06:36 +0000 (GMT) >From: Jonathon McKitrick >Does anyone have any ideas on what i could install on a freebsd laptop to >make it a nice useable workstation, not just a netsurfer? I have Lyx, >netscape, and a few editors installed. I would like to avoid staroffice, >but i might end up getting it after all. Well, if I ever get a laptop, I'd probably install such things as: * magicpoint (for presentations) * xfig (for drawing diagrams &c.) * xv (for image display & some manipulation) * xpaint (for more image manipulation) Assuming that I'd have groff on there anyway, that combination would suit me as far as generating PostScript (for printing) for letters, memos, signs, diagrams, charts, slides, whatever. BTW, at the December BayLISA (http://www.baylisa.org/) meeting, one of the "Short but Cool" talks was from one of the (3) principals in a new start-up called "TuxTops"; they're working on being able to sell laptops with Linux (at first) and FreeBSD & OpenBSD (later) pre-installed... with no "Microsoft tax". He (Mark) indicated that they hoped to be able to start shipping within a few months. Cheers, david -- David Wolfskill dhw@whistle.com UNIX System Administrator voice: (650) 577-7158 pager: (888) 347-0197 FAX: (650) 372-5915 To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Fri Jan 14 9:46:30 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from mx2.x-treme.gr (mx2.x-treme.gr [212.120.192.15]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 29EDE15699; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 09:21:48 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Received: from hades.hell.gr (pat51.x-treme.gr [212.120.197.243]) by mx2.x-treme.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3/IPNG-ADV-ANTISPAM-0.1) with ESMTP id TAA14655; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 19:20:57 +0200 Received: (from charon@localhost) by hades.hell.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA07619; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 18:15:46 +0200 (EET) (envelope-from keramida@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr) Date: Fri, 14 Jan 2000 18:15:46 +0200 From: Giorgos Keramidas To: m Cc: freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG, freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: IPFW question Message-ID: <20000114181546.C6800@hades.hell.gr> Reply-To: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr References: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> <20000111182944.B64680@hades.hell.gr> <20000112030449.69F52639DC@zagnut.hotpop.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0pre3i In-Reply-To: <20000112030449.69F52639DC@zagnut.hotpop.com> Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org On Tue, Jan 11, 2000 at 10:04:49PM -0500, m wrote: > > If I deny ip access to an adress (10.0.0.1) that includes ALL the > ports, of course. from 0 to 65535. > > And "allow all via lo0" means anything passing thru lo0 (localhost, > 127.0.0.1) is allowed, so I can connect to anything IF I'm using Lo0, > even to the specifically denied ip or port numbers. If you have two interfaces, say lo0 (127.0.0.1/8) and ep0 (10.0.0.1/8) then when you try to connect to a host in the 10.0.0.0/8 network, the source address in the packet will be 10.0.0.1, and your rules will filter it out. To allow outgoing tcp connections from an interface do not drop all packets from it. There are some good examples in the rc.firewall script that will help you build the rules. The general case of allowing only incoming TCP connections on an interface is roughly: # pass packets of previously established connections add pass tcp from any to any via IFACE established # allow setup of outgoing TCP connections add pass tcp from any to any out xmit IFACE setup or something along these lines. Ciao. -- Giorgos Keramidas, < keramida @ ceid . upatras . gr > "What we have to learn to do, we learn by doing." [Aristotle] To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Fri Jan 14 15:19:20 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from cbl-dylanal.hs.earthlink.net (CBL-dylanal.hs.earthlink.net [209.178.120.180]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id ACD49156B8; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 15:19:06 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from dylan@cbl-dylanal.hs.earthlink.net) Received: (from dylan@localhost) by cbl-dylanal.hs.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) id PAA00536; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 15:19:39 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from dylan) Date: Fri, 14 Jan 2000 15:19:38 -0800 From: -DAL- To: m Cc: freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG, freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: IPFW question Message-ID: <20000114151938.A436@cbl-dylanal.hs.earthlink.net> Reply-To: -DAL- References: <006a01bf5c11$6bdb5940$8b2fa8c0@wipsys.ge.com> <20000111182944.B64680@hades.hell.gr> <20000112030449.69F52639DC@zagnut.hotpop.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.95.3i In-Reply-To: <20000112030449.69F52639DC@zagnut.hotpop.com>; from m on Tue, Jan 11, 2000 at 10:04:49PM -0500 Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org Yes as long as the allow line comes first, for it it matches the deny line first it will never get to the allow line. -DAL- add allow ip from any to any via lo0 add deny ip from any to 10.0.0.1 On Tue, Jan 11, 2000 at 10:04:49PM -0500, m wrote: > > If I deny ip access to an adress (10.0.0.1) that includes ALL the ports, > of course. from 0 to 65535. > > And "allow all via lo0" means anything passing thru lo0 (localhost, > 127.0.0.1) is allowed, so I can connect to anything IF I'm using Lo0, > even to the specifically denied ip or port numbers. > > Right? > > Thank you. Bye. > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-questions" in the body of the message -- -DAL- dylanal@NOSPAMearthlink.net To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message From owner-freebsd-newbies Fri Jan 14 17:30:22 2000 Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Received: from phoenix.welearn.com.au (phoenix.welearn.com.au [139.130.44.81]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EA89014F9C for ; Fri, 14 Jan 2000 17:30:12 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from sue@phoenix.welearn.com.au) Received: (from sue@localhost) by phoenix.welearn.com.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA51829 for freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org; Sat, 15 Jan 2000 12:30:08 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from sue) Date: Sat, 15 Jan 2000 12:30:08 +1100 (EST) From: Sue Blake Message-Id: <200001150130.MAA51829@phoenix.welearn.com.au> To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org Subject: FreeBSD Newbies First Aid Kit Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.org FreeBSD-Newbies First Aid Kit (This is a regular posting to the FreeBSD-Newbies mailing list. It is also available at http://www.welearn.com.au/freebsd/newbies/) FreeBSD-Questions@FreeBSD.ORG is the place to send all questions about installing, configuring, running and using FreeBSD. All help requests are handled by FreeBSD-Questions, including newbies questions. FreeBSD-Newbies is different. We don't ask for help or answer how-to questions. It is a discussion forum for newbies. FreeBSD-Newbies provides a place for new FreeBSD users to meet and covers any of the activities of newbies that are not already dealt with elsewhere. Examples include helping each other to learn more on our own, finding and using resources, problem solving techniques, how to seek help elsewhere, how to use mailing lists and which lists to use, general chat, making mistakes, boasting, sharing ideas, stories, moral (but not technical) support, and taking an active part in the FreeBSD community. We take our problems and support questions to freebsd-questions, and use freebsd-newbies to meet others who are doing the same things that we do as newbies. One of the things we do together is learn more effective ways to find help when we need it. Here are some suggestions: When something doesn't work the way you expect 1. First look at the errata for your release of FreeBSD at http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/releases/ for the latest information and security advisories. 2. Search the Handbook, FAQ, and mail archives at http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/search.html 3. If you still have a question or problem, collect the output of `uname -a' and of any relevant program(s) and email your question to FreeBSD-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. Mailing lists When you have a problem that you can't solve by yourself, there's only one support mailing list and that's FreeBSD-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. FreeBSD-questions helps with installation and basic setup as well as more general and advanced questions. You don't have to actually join freebsd-questions before asking a question there. Replies to your question will normally be sent to you personally as well as to the list. Just make sure you have read and followed the guidelines for posting, because you might find them different to what you're used to. If you do subscribe to freebsd-questions you'll have the advantage of seeing all of the recent questions and their answers. Before you post to FreeBSD-questions, please read the guidelines at http://www.lemis.com/questions.html Many of the people who answer FreeBSD-questions are very knowledgeable, but they get frustrated when they get questions which are difficult to understand. http://www.lemis.com/email.html is worth reading too. If you're not sure that you can follow these guidelines, come back and ask the other newbies for help on how to post an effective question to the support mailing list. Maybe your question has been asked before. If you search the mailing list archives at http://www.freebsd.org/search.html first you might get the answer right away. It's always worth trying. Other mailing lists (http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/eresources.html#ERESOURCES-CHARTERS) cover specialised areas and many are more developer-oriented. You'll need to read their charters carefully before participating, but it's probably a good idea to ask on either -newbies or -questions for advice about where to post a more specialised question. FreeBSD-announce is a very low volume read-only list for occasional announcements, such as notice of new releases, and the Really Quick Newsletter. It's worth subscribing to FreeBSD-announce too. Manuals You'll always be expected to show that you have made some effort to use the available documentation before asking for help. That's not always as easy as it sounds! If you know what documentation you need but can't locate it, send a brief query to FreeBSD-questions. If you don't know what you need, always have trouble finding it, or can't make any sense of it when you do, ask some patient newbies to steer you in the right direction. Anyone interested in writing or reviewing documentation for FreeBSD is encouraged to join the FreeBSD Documentation Project. Details are at http://www.freebsd.org/docproj/docproj.html Other resources A resource list is available at http://www.freebsd.org/projects/newbies.html to help new and inexperienced FreeBSD users to find relevant information quickly. It includes books, on line documents and tutorials, and links to web pages that other newbies have found useful for learning. If you have a suggestion for good material to be included, please write to freebsd-newbies and tell us about it. But I have seen people asking questions here! It is quite common for people to send the wrong kind of post to a mailing list. Because we're newbies it'll certainly happen here from time to time. The best thing to do if you see a message that doesn't belong on a list is to ignore it. There's always someone around whose job it is to sort these problems out privately. The posts to the lists go straight through, whatever their content. It is going to be confusing for a little while because we're all newbies so we all make mistakes. That's OK. One thing we're going to see a fair bit is people posting questions, believing they're doing the right thing by posting here as newbies, not realising how it works. If someone answers those questions the situation will snowball. There's nothing wrong with helping someone to redirect their question to freebsd-questions, but please do so gently. There's nothing wrong with the occasional mistake either. So all questions, requests for help, etc still go to freebsd-questions as usual. Ours is more of a discussion group, a place where newbies can relax with other newbies and focus more on our successes than on our temporary imperfection. We can talk about things here that are not allowed on freebsd-questions. We're also a bit freer to make the mistakes that we need to make in order to learn. _________________________________________________________________ To Subscribe to FreeBSD-Newbies: Send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "subscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message. Mail sent to freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org appears on the mailing list. _________________________________________________________________ To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message