From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sun May 21  5:57:11 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from web218.mail.yahoo.com (web218.mail.yahoo.com [128.11.68.118])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 4957737B876
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sun, 21 May 2000 05:57:09 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from jmdupx@yahoo.com)
Received: (qmail 23133 invoked by uid 60001); 21 May 2000 12:57:08 -0000
Message-ID: <20000521125708.23132.qmail@web218.mail.yahoo.com>
Received: from [195.44.148.248] by web218.mail.yahoo.com; Sun, 21 May 2000 05:57:08 PDT
Date: Sun, 21 May 2000 05:57:08 -0700 (PDT)
From: Jean-Mark Dupoux <jmdupx@yahoo.com>
Subject: chinese puzzle ??
To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

hmmm tricky one this, and my guess is it should
probably got to "Questions" anyhow, apologies in
advance (is there a way to post individual question
without subscribing, eg. message-board or such-like?)
but what I am trying it figure out is this:

I have a 486 laptop with 4MB of memory, which is
obviously borderline hardware to begin with, but it
was a donation with some other nice built-in hardware,
except for the memory shortage. 

wanted to install straightforward release, 3.3 or 3.4,
which I have on floppies already, but the machine is
rebooting just before reaching the MFSROOT config
screen, (just after the message <<press enter to boot
now, or any key for command prompt>> has appeared and
as soon as I hit enter)

i am guessing the shortage of memory is high on list
of  possible issues so i checked latest info at
<<
ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/3.4-RELEASE/INSTALL.TXT
>>

which said
<<
FreeBSD requires a 386 or better processor to run
(sorry, there is no
support for '286 processors) and at least 5 megs of
RAM to install
and 4 megs of RAM to run. >>

which would be fine once I got the thing installed.

in the absence of other options, would I be able to
install a 2.2x release for example, and then upgrade
to 3.3 or 3.4 without the memory issue stepping in ??






__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Send instant messages & get email alerts with Yahoo! Messenger.
http://im.yahoo.com/


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sun May 21  6:21:28 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from smtppop3.gte.net (smtppop3.gte.net [207.115.153.22])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D40E537B876
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sun, 21 May 2000 06:21:24 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from oljeep.collins@gte.net)
Received: from gte.net (tamqfl1-ar1-200-230.biz.dsl.gtei.net [4.35.200.230])
	by smtppop3.gte.net  with ESMTP
	; id IAA30362385
	Sun, 21 May 2000 08:21:01 -0500 (CDT)
Message-ID: <3927E2DD.351AC622@gte.net>
Date: Sun, 21 May 2000 09:21:33 -0400
From: Tom Collins <oljeep.collins@gte.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en]C-AOL  (Win98; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Jean-Mark Dupoux <jmdupx@yahoo.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: chinese puzzle ??
References: <20000521125708.23132.qmail@web218.mail.yahoo.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I believe you have answered your own question below "and at least 5 megs of

RAM to install and 4 megs of RAM to run."

You can either add more memory for the install or setup the drive on
another machine with more memory then move it back to this laptop where it
will run under the 4 megs of ram that you have.
Tom Collins

Jean-Mark Dupoux wrote:

> hmmm tricky one this, and my guess is it should
> probably got to "Questions" anyhow, apologies in
> advance (is there a way to post individual question
> without subscribing, eg. message-board or such-like?)
> but what I am trying it figure out is this:
>
> I have a 486 laptop with 4MB of memory, which is
> obviously borderline hardware to begin with, but it
> was a donation with some other nice built-in hardware,
> except for the memory shortage.
>
> wanted to install straightforward release, 3.3 or 3.4,
> which I have on floppies already, but the machine is
> rebooting just before reaching the MFSROOT config
> screen, (just after the message <<press enter to boot
> now, or any key for command prompt>> has appeared and
> as soon as I hit enter)
>
> i am guessing the shortage of memory is high on list
> of  possible issues so i checked latest info at
> <<
> ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/3.4-RELEASE/INSTALL.TXT
> >>
>
> which said
> <<
> FreeBSD requires a 386 or better processor to run
> (sorry, there is no
> support for '286 processors) and at least 5 megs of
> RAM to install
> and 4 megs of RAM to run. >>
>
> which would be fine once I got the thing installed.
>
> in the absence of other options, would I be able to
> install a 2.2x release for example, and then upgrade
> to 3.3 or 3.4 without the memory issue stepping in ??
>
> __________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Send instant messages & get email alerts with Yahoo! Messenger.
> http://im.yahoo.com/
>
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sun May 21  6:56:28 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from anchor-post-30.mail.demon.net (anchor-post-30.mail.demon.net [194.217.242.88])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP
	id 0D9B037B746; Sun, 21 May 2000 06:56:22 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from gustav@morpheus.demon.co.uk)
Received: from morpheus.demon.co.uk ([158.152.8.30] helo=morpheus)
	by anchor-post-30.mail.demon.net with smtp (Exim 2.12 #1)
	id 12tWDH-0001Wr-0U; Sun, 21 May 2000 14:56:15 +0100
From: "Paul Moore" <gustav@morpheus.demon.co.uk>
To: <cjclark@home.com>
Cc: <freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG>, <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: RE: Booting FreeBSD from floppy (ie, without a bootloader on the hard disk)
Date: Sun, 21 May 2000 14:59:59 +0100
Message-ID: <LPBBKGDEHNMONLBODEOHGEEACCAA.gustav@morpheus.demon.co.uk>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0)
In-Reply-To: <20000520150442.B93357@cc942873-a.ewndsr1.nj.home.com>
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Importance: Normal
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

From: Crist J. Clark
> I have made boot floppies like this before. I'm just going to recite
> what I /think/ I did from memory. I might leave out a detail or two,
> but this is the gist of it.
[...]

Thanks for this, and to all who answered. I now have a bootable setup.

One other question... This is probably simple, but it's frustrating - I've
installed and set up X windows, using XF86Setup, which worked fine. But when
I say "OK" to save settings and start the X server, the screen displays fine
(with vidtune running to let me teak settings) but there is no mouse
pointer! The pointer was fine in the VGA-resolution setup, but it's gone in
my 1024x768 final screen. I'm using a Matrox Millenium G400 with 32M of RAM,
if that's relevant.

Is there a simple issue I've missed, or do I need to supply all the gory
details of my settings?

Thanks for any help,
Paul.



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sun May 21  7:37:22 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from asdexch.wpb.nuwc.navy.mil (ASDEXCH.WPB.NUWC.NAVY.MIL [198.97.84.126])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 53F3437B744
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sun, 21 May 2000 07:37:17 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from jlloyd@wpb.nuwc.navy.mil)
Received: by asdexch.wpb.nuwc.navy.mil with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
	id <LH0N27C6>; Sun, 21 May 2000 10:37:12 -0400
Message-ID: <E3A9EA12158ED111A9FD00E02915477FC1EF80@asdexch.wpb.nuwc.navy.mil>
From: "Lloyd, John" <jlloyd@wpb.nuwc.navy.mil>
To: "'pineypl@bellsouth.net'" <pineypl@bellsouth.net>
Cc: "'freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org'" <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: RE: South Florida Newbies
Date: Sun, 21 May 2000 10:37:04 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0)
Content-Type: text/plain
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

>Are there any others on the list? I am in the Palm Beach County area.
>Just curious.

Depends upon how loosely one defines  "South Florida", I suppose.  I
kinda-sorta semi-officially live in West Palm because the outfit I
more-or-less work for is headquartered there.  However, my current physical
residence is actually in the Bahamas (Andros Island, near enough).

I've just installed FreeBSD for the first time, dual-booting with W98 on a
homebuilt Vegetron-, uh, Celeron-based machine that I had originally
configured for BeOS.  (I'm one of those masochists who enjoy mucking around
with multiple OSes; it's a little like playing Myst, except one might
actually succeed in killing something.  Like a monitor, for instance. ;)
Although the FreeBSD installation process seemed to have gone smoothly
enough at first, it now looks as if there will be a bit of a learning curve
involved.

Will comment further after I figure out how to get XFree86 working with my
window manager(s) of choice (the default--twm, IIRC--is astoundingly lame).
Will comment /much/ further after I figure out how to actually install
software from the 4.0 CD-ROMs.  (In this case, RTFM didn't do much good.)
Comments at truly annoying length will have to wait a while, as I'm taking
off this week for a month's vacation and the FreeBSD box isn't coming with
me.

Cheers,
--
John




To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sun May 21 18:19:18 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail2.mia.bellsouth.net (mail2.mia.bellsouth.net [205.152.144.14])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 252D337BA65
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Sun, 21 May 2000 18:19:13 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from pineypl@bellsouth.net)
Received: from bellsouth.net (adsl-61-16-127.mia.bellsouth.net [208.61.16.127])
	by mail2.mia.bellsouth.net (3.3.5alt/0.75.2) with ESMTP id VAA03223;
	Sun, 21 May 2000 21:19:07 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <39288B07.93BD7941@bellsouth.net>
Date: Sun, 21 May 2000 21:19:03 -0400
From: Bob Collins <pineypl@bellsouth.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (WinNT; I)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "Lloyd, John" <jlloyd@wpb.nuwc.navy.mil>
Cc: freebsd newbies <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: Re: South Florida Newbies
References: <E3A9EA12158ED111A9FD00E02915477FC1EF80@asdexch.wpb.nuwc.navy.mil>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

"Lloyd, John" wrote:
> Depends upon how loosely one defines  "South Florida", I suppose. 
> residence is actually in the Bahamas (Andros Island, near enough).

Must be a terrible thing to be in the Bahamas! ;) West Palm is nice. I
grew up here.

> homebuilt Vegetron-, uh, Celeron-based machine that I had originally
> configured for BeOS.  (I'm one of those masochists who enjoy mucking around
> with multiple OSes; it's a little like playing Myst, except one might

Funny, one of my best friends calls me "An O/S Fiddle _ucker!" He
actually has me aliased to his mail program that way. It makes me
laugh. I too have messed with BeOS, Linux, Novell, and SCO. I really
like the Be, but do not like the wackiness in networking. With the
DSL, it seems to require often restarts of networking.

> Although the FreeBSD installation process seemed to have gone smoothly
> enough at first, it now looks as if there will be a bit of a learning curve

 The FreeBSD was a very smooth install for me, it was very similar to
my first Slackware Linux install. I am quite fond of the FeeBSD.org
pages. Many good links there. Yes, the learning curve is rather steep,
but seems to be worth it. I am having good luck with Samba and Apache.
I am going to put my FBSD box into my office environment for some
additional secure storage (well, more secure than NT) and to test
Apache versus IIS for speed and stability. Should prove to be fun. 

> Will comment further after I figure out how to get XFree86 working with my

I am using KDE when I must have a gui, but an getting quite comfy at
the command line and using the regular stuff. I must admit, I am
shying away from the gui because I am running (IMHO) a marginal
machine. P-133, 64MB. But, in my basic simple Apache vs IIS tests,
this marginal machine runs better than IIS on a PIII-533, 512. Go
figure.

> software from the 4.0 CD-ROMs.  (In this case, RTFM didn't do much good.

'nuff said.

> Comments at truly annoying length will have to wait a while, as I'm taking
> off this week for a month's vacation and the FreeBSD box isn't coming with

Enjoy. BTW, where does one go to get away from the Bahamas? Quite the
conundrum methinks.

-- 
Bob Collins (Powered by M42 on the road)
(Powered by ADSL on the net)


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sun May 21 20:47:42 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.61])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A952B37B538
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sun, 21 May 2000 20:47:39 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goldtech@worldpost.com)
Received: from 209-122-223-94.s94.tnt3.nyw.ny.dialup.rcn.com ([209.122.223.94] helo=leegold1)
	by smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net with smtp (Exim 2.12 #3)
	id 12tjBq-0007ii-00; Sun, 21 May 2000 23:47:38 -0400
Message-ID: <000601bfc3a0$9b898d50$5edf7ad1@leegold1>
From: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>
To: <MrK1nt@aol.com>
Cc: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
References: <33.560cdba.265883a2@aol.com>
Subject: Re: Users in NYC?
Date: Sun, 21 May 2000 23:48:34 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I am game to start a group too. There's was someone in staten is. who was
posting in the newbie list seemed to know alot and appeared to be willing to
teach, if we had a meeting I would want the theme FreeBSD installation. I've
read tons of stuff on the web. It's still not making sense to me what is
going on w/the:
partioning,
disk labeling - say what? (no one''s explaining what this is ),
slices, (vs partitions, waht's the difference - i'd really like to know_
mounting points - what's this?
how files (eg. \ ) are mounted to the partitions ( or is it slices ), why?,
how, when
ect.......

All the tutorials assume unix sysadmin knowledge - that's a stone cold fact.
Now, the speaker and menber at a linux meeting i went to, knows alot about
freebsd, so i'm gonna try emailing him as well  posting to the questions
group again - it's still not clear to me what is going on w/the
partitioning.

Lee


----- Original Message -----
From: <MrK1nt@aol.com>
To: <goldtech@worldpost.com>
Sent: Saturday, May 20, 2000 8:11 PM
Subject: Re: Users in NYC?


> I also saw the FBSD ny site!  I emailed one of the guys about a month ago
but
> never got a reply.  The handbook is good but then I think it skips alot of
> vital areas that a newbie would need.  Anyway i'm totally for the FBSD
newbie
> group, just let me know when!



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  3:27:41 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from sintec.sintec.ro (sintec.sintec.ro [193.226.125.9])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2BF9937BF6E
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 03:27:21 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from KoronkaS@interscope.ro)
Received: from uranus.interscope.ro (b_telemach.sintec.ro [193.226.125.34])
	by sintec.sintec.ro (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA23515;
	Mon, 22 May 2000 13:37:05 +0300
Received: by URANUS with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21)
	id <KP1VK1ST>; Mon, 22 May 2000 13:25:22 +0300
Message-ID: <D08F9E2FE307D411857300104B34F1A202D7DC@URANUS>
From: Stefan KORONKA <KoronkaS@interscope.ro>
To: "'leegold'" <goldtech@worldpost.com>, MrK1nt@aol.com
Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: RE: Users in NYC?
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 13:25:16 +0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> partioning,
> disk labeling - say what? (no one''s explaining what this is ),
> slices, (vs partitions, waht's the difference - i'd really 
> like to know_
> mounting points - what's this?
> how files (eg. \ ) are mounted to the partitions ( or is it 
> slices ), why?,

i'm a newbie too, but as far as i ca saw, the things are like this:
- first, you create a partition (a fbsd one)
- second, in that partition, you create slices (i can compare these, 
but not sure how exact it is, with "logical partitions" created into
a extended partition - under fat)
- then, you set the mount-point of the slices. yeap, you mount slices,
not partitions.

of course, if you create other type of partitions (not a bsd one), you
will mount partitions (there will be no "slices" then);

the "mount points" are virtual directories (eg, /mnt/cdrom) where 
physical devices become visible after mounting;

ok, enought with this ..

best,
stefan


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  6:25:28 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail1.panix.com (mail1.panix.com [166.84.0.212])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3877B37B55D
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Mon, 22 May 2000 06:25:21 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org)
Received: from mailhost.nrnet.org (mailhost.nrnet.org [166.84.192.39])
	by mail1.panix.com (Postfix) with ESMTP
	id 6952D31268; Mon, 22 May 2000 09:25:08 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (tomg@localhost)
          by mailhost.nrnet.org (8.8.7/8.8.4) with SMTP
	  id JAA12754; Mon, 22 May 2000 09:21:54 -0400
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 09:21:54 -0400 (EDT)
From: Thomas Good <tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org>
To: leegold <goldtech@worldpost.com>
Cc: MrK1nt@aol.com, freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Users in NYC?
In-Reply-To: <000601bfc3a0$9b898d50$5edf7ad1@leegold1>
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.3.96.1000522090251.12633A-100000@mailhost.nrnet.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

On Sun, 21 May 2000, leegold wrote:

> I am game to start a group too. There's was someone in staten is. who was
> posting in the newbie list seemed to know alot and appeared to be willing to
> teach, if we had a meeting I would want the theme FreeBSD installation. I've
> read tons of stuff on the web. It's still not making sense to me what is
> going on w/the:
> partioning,
> disk labeling - say what? (no one''s explaining what this is ),

Hi.

I'm Tom.  I dunno about teaching unix to anyone...I tried teaching my wife
to drive a standard shift once.  Mixed results.  ;-)

Seriously, I'm willing to help where I can.  Where are you folks located?
We have some great restaurants here but I have in-laws in Queens too.
We have the ferry for trips to Manhattan and Brooklyn is just over the 
bridge.  About the only boro I couldn't really get to easily is the Bx.
Jersey is accessible too.

I think a Free Unix User Group is preferable to FBSD only.  I love linux
and the guys on the other lists typically bash us linuxers.  It's rather
petty.  Anyway, no boundaries, right?

> slices, (vs partitions, waht's the difference - i'd really like to know_
> mounting points - what's this?
> how files (eg. \ ) are mounted to the partitions ( or is it slices ), why?,
> how, when
> ect.......

In my experience with FBSD and AT&T Unix (which is where BSD got the slice
terminology) a partition is a section of the hard disk wherein an Operating
System resides.  That section is further subdivived into 'slices' wherein
major components of the filesystem (directory tree structure) reside.

That is:  On box1 I have a dos maintenance partition (where I keep a dos
command interpreter [command.com] and a boot loader).  Next up I have
a big partition where I keep FBSD.  These are two partitions.  Within the
FBSD partition I have some slices of differing sizes.  I follow std unix.
So I have a 'root' partition of 50 M.  This holds the kernel and sysinstall
(both in /stand) and some other goodies.  But it is small.  Then I have
a slice of 20 M that is my 'mount point' for the /var directory, so named
as its contents are 'variable'.  I dislike strongly FBSD's sizing scheme
that makes this slice so tiny because I move large database files around
using UUCP (unix to unix copy) and /var fills up too easily...

Anyway, my third slice on the FBSD partition is /usr.  This is a huge slice.
Why?

All of the code used by ordinary users goes here, as do the home directories.
/usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, and /usr/home can become gigantic.  So, this
slice is set to 1G on the machine I'm describing.

I did not choose this sizing scheme, I let FBSD do it.  If I were to do it
again I would shrink /usr a bit in favour of /var to give myself less
headaches (I'm a DBA and need the space for my code and data).

> All the tutorials assume unix sysadmin knowledge - that's a stone cold fact.
> Now, the speaker and menber at a linux meeting i went to, knows alot about
> freebsd, so i'm gonna try emailing him as well  posting to the questions
> group again - it's still not clear to me what is going on w/the
> partitioning.
> 
> Lee

I keep log notes (copious log notes) which I'd be willing to pass to you.
This is a *very* good idea (keeping notes) that I was taught by a senior
sysadmin when I first started.  It's like commenting your code.  Six months
from now, you will remember only that some chore was a hassle, not how
you overcame it!

> > Anyway i'm totally for the FBSD newbie
> > group, just let me know when!

yes, let's try to get this going...BTW, feel free to send me questions
and I will try to help.  I'd suggest you do it offline tho so we don't
get scolded for using a list designed for non-technical discussion to
do tech talk.

Cheers,
Tom

------- North Richmond Community Mental Health Center -------

Thomas Good                                   MIS Coordinator
Vital Signs:                  tomg@ { admin | q8 } .nrnet.org
                                          Phone: 718-354-5528  
                                          Fax:   718-354-5056  
                              
/* Member: Computer Professionals For Social Responsibility */ 



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  6:31:51 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hotmail.com (f178.law9.hotmail.com [64.4.9.178])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 7BB1237B7A3
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 06:31:38 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from midios3@hotmail.com)
Received: (qmail 95846 invoked by uid 0); 22 May 2000 13:31:31 -0000
Message-ID: <20000522133131.95845.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 195.66.101.73 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Mon, 22 May 2000 06:31:31 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [195.66.101.73]
From: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org
Subject: batch; the other way around
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 13:31:31 GMT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

hi,

I like to follow the posts of this mailing-list, I think it's yet another 
way of learning FreeBSD. I liked the following solution of adding a 'txt' 
"extension" (pardon my DOS :-)  after a listing of files:

   for f in *
   do
     mv $f $f.txt
   done

Usefull, indeed. But how can one remove the 'txt' from those files (renaming 
them back to the original filename).

Is this possible?

Greetings,
Dimitri
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  6:33:31 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from imo-d05.mx.aol.com (imo-d05.mx.aol.com [205.188.157.37])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B582737B5ED
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 06:33:21 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from MrK1nt@aol.com)
Received: from MrK1nt@aol.com
	by imo-d05.mx.aol.com (mail_out_v27.9.) id c.4a.5b390bd (6108);
	Mon, 22 May 2000 09:32:31 -0400 (EDT)
From: MrK1nt@aol.com
Message-ID: <4a.5b390bd.265a90ef@aol.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 09:32:31 EDT
Subject: Re: Users in NYC?
To: tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org, goldtech@worldpost.com
Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: Unknown
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Im located in Brooklyn.  I work in the city so wherever you guys would like to meet is fine with me.  I'll be there!!


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  7:19:31 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.61])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6099C37B5A1
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 07:19:21 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goldtech@worldpost.com)
Received: from 209-122-225-88.s88.tnt1.nyw.ny.dialup.rcn.com ([209.122.225.88] helo=leegold1)
	by smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net with smtp (Exim 2.12 #3)
	id 12tt38-0007Uh-00; Mon, 22 May 2000 10:19:19 -0400
Message-ID: <000601bfc3f8$da872960$58e17ad1@leegold1>
From: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>
To: "Thomas Good" <tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org>
Cc: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
References: <Pine.LNX.3.96.1000522090251.12633A-100000@mailhost.nrnet.org>
Subject: Re: Users in NYC?
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 10:20:16 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

>snip....
>Where are you folks located?

I'm in Brooklyn, Actually pretty near the Verrazano N. Bridge.
Grew up in Queens.

> ...snip
> I think a Free Unix User Group is preferable to FBSD only.  I love linux
> and the guys on the other lists typically bash us linuxers.  It's rather
> petty.  Anyway, no boundaries, right?

Right. As a matter of fact I'm seeing references to the fact that some linux
software can run on fbsd w/just a little "prodding". One thing I'd like to
talk about is the internet browser situation for fbsd. Is Netscape the only
choice? I would tend to want to invsestigate a stable  ver. of navigator and
use pine for mail - something like that(?). then there's always Opera. I've
played w/it alot on w9x/nt w/mixed results.

> > slices, (vs partitions, waht's the difference - i'd really like to know_
> >snip.........

My walnut creek cd's should be coming this week. I'm hearing alot about that
dos partion you cite below. So you just make a small partiton at the "start"
of the disk (dos needs to be 1st i assume), and load Ms-dos, or only would
one fdisk/format it to fat16 and use the "sys" cmd to get he dos system
files on there. I'd also need a boot manager of some kind too w/multiple
OS's. Yeah this good -just what I need below - thanks btw,You didn't mention
the swap - what's the "lowdown" on /swap?

 my experience with FBSD and AT&T Unix (which is where BSD got the slice
> terminology) a partition is a section of the hard disk wherein an
Operating
> System resides.  That section is further subdivived into 'slices' wherein
> major components of the filesystem (directory tree structure) reside.
> That is:  On box1 I have a dos maintenance partition (where I keep a dos
> command interpreter [command.com] and a boot loader).  Next up I have
> a big partition where I keep FBSD.  These are two partitions.  Within the
> FBSD partition I have some slices of differing sizes.  I follow std unix.
> So I have a 'root' partition of 50 M.  This holds the kernel and
sysinstall
> (both in /stand) and some other goodies.  But it is small.  Then I have
> a slice of 20 M that is my 'mount point' for the /var directory, so named
> as its contents are 'variable'.  I dislike strongly FBSD's sizing scheme
> that makes this slice so tiny because I move large database files around
> using UUCP (unix to unix copy) and /var fills up too easily...
> Anyway, my third slice on the FBSD partition is /usr.  This is a huge
slice.
> Why? All of the code used by ordinary users goes here, as do the home
directories.
> /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, and /usr/home can become gigantic.  So, this
> slice is set to 1G on the machine I'm describing.
> I did not choose this sizing scheme, I let FBSD do it.  If I were to do it
> again I would shrink /usr a bit in favour of /var to give myself less
> headaches (I'm a DBA and need the space for my code and data).

> > All the tutorials assume unix sysadmin knowledge - that's a stone cold
fact.

Sorry, my statement there is a little strong. There is some good intro
documentation on freebsd and unix in general out there -i'm getting alot of
links together on this.

> > > Anyway i'm totally for the FBSD newbie
> > > group, just let me know when!
>
> yes, let's try to get this going...BTW, feel free to send me questions
> and I will try to help.  I'd suggest you do it offline tho so we don't
> get scolded for using a list designed for non-technical discussion to
> do tech talk.

Great. Thanks.
Lee




To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  8:58: 5 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from imail3.pica.army.mil (imail3.pica.army.mil [129.139.10.29])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D8BB037B566
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Mon, 22 May 2000 08:58:00 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from onguyen@pica.army.mil)
Received: by imail3.pica.army.mil with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21)
	id <LN7YJ6M4>; Mon, 22 May 2000 11:57:32 -0400
Message-ID: <53EB67411602D211846900A0C9C7647A0784E972@mail3.pica.army.mil>
From: "Nguyen, Olivier T [AMSTA-AR-CCF-D]" <onguyen@pica.army.mil>
To: 'leegold' <goldtech@worldpost.com>,
	Thomas Good <tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: RE: Users in NYC?
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 11:58:40 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21)
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

hi everyone
i am a newbie to freebsd or *nix os.  If anyone here create a list for
Newbie please let me in to.  i need hook up and learn from you all out there
I am in New Jersey.  45 mins from NYC

Olivier

-----Original Message-----
From: leegold [mailto:goldtech@worldpost.com]
Sent: Monday, May 22, 2000 10:20 AM
To: Thomas Good
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Users in NYC?


>snip....
>Where are you folks located?

I'm in Brooklyn, Actually pretty near the Verrazano N. Bridge.
Grew up in Queens.

> ...snip
> I think a Free Unix User Group is preferable to FBSD only.  I love linux
> and the guys on the other lists typically bash us linuxers.  It's rather
> petty.  Anyway, no boundaries, right?

Right. As a matter of fact I'm seeing references to the fact that some linux
software can run on fbsd w/just a little "prodding". One thing I'd like to
talk about is the internet browser situation for fbsd. Is Netscape the only
choice? I would tend to want to invsestigate a stable  ver. of navigator and
use pine for mail - something like that(?). then there's always Opera. I've
played w/it alot on w9x/nt w/mixed results.

> > slices, (vs partitions, waht's the difference - i'd really like to know_
> >snip.........

My walnut creek cd's should be coming this week. I'm hearing alot about that
dos partion you cite below. So you just make a small partiton at the "start"
of the disk (dos needs to be 1st i assume), and load Ms-dos, or only would
one fdisk/format it to fat16 and use the "sys" cmd to get he dos system
files on there. I'd also need a boot manager of some kind too w/multiple
OS's. Yeah this good -just what I need below - thanks btw,You didn't mention
the swap - what's the "lowdown" on /swap?

 my experience with FBSD and AT&T Unix (which is where BSD got the slice
> terminology) a partition is a section of the hard disk wherein an
Operating
> System resides.  That section is further subdivived into 'slices' wherein
> major components of the filesystem (directory tree structure) reside.
> That is:  On box1 I have a dos maintenance partition (where I keep a dos
> command interpreter [command.com] and a boot loader).  Next up I have
> a big partition where I keep FBSD.  These are two partitions.  Within the
> FBSD partition I have some slices of differing sizes.  I follow std unix.
> So I have a 'root' partition of 50 M.  This holds the kernel and
sysinstall
> (both in /stand) and some other goodies.  But it is small.  Then I have
> a slice of 20 M that is my 'mount point' for the /var directory, so named
> as its contents are 'variable'.  I dislike strongly FBSD's sizing scheme
> that makes this slice so tiny because I move large database files around
> using UUCP (unix to unix copy) and /var fills up too easily...
> Anyway, my third slice on the FBSD partition is /usr.  This is a huge
slice.
> Why? All of the code used by ordinary users goes here, as do the home
directories.
> /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, and /usr/home can become gigantic.  So, this
> slice is set to 1G on the machine I'm describing.
> I did not choose this sizing scheme, I let FBSD do it.  If I were to do it
> again I would shrink /usr a bit in favour of /var to give myself less
> headaches (I'm a DBA and need the space for my code and data).

> > All the tutorials assume unix sysadmin knowledge - that's a stone cold
fact.

Sorry, my statement there is a little strong. There is some good intro
documentation on freebsd and unix in general out there -i'm getting alot of
links together on this.

> > > Anyway i'm totally for the FBSD newbie
> > > group, just let me know when!
>
> yes, let's try to get this going...BTW, feel free to send me questions
> and I will try to help.  I'd suggest you do it offline tho so we don't
> get scolded for using a list designed for non-technical discussion to
> do tech talk.

Great. Thanks.
Lee




To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  9: 3:52 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hydrant.intranova.net (hydrant.intranova.net [209.201.95.10])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B3E7937BA02
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Mon, 22 May 2000 09:03:42 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from oogali@intranova.net)
Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by hydrant.intranova.net (Postfix) with ESMTP
	id 9F0F9E0E96; Mon, 22 May 2000 12:04:37 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 12:04:37 -0400 (EDT)
From: Omachonu Ogali <oogali@intranova.net>
To: "Nguyen, Olivier T [AMSTA-AR-CCF-D]" <onguyen@pica.army.mil>
Cc: 'leegold' <goldtech@worldpost.com>,
	Thomas Good <tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org>, freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: RE: Users in NYC?
In-Reply-To: <53EB67411602D211846900A0C9C7647A0784E972@mail3.pica.army.mil>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.10.10005221204250.536-100000@hydrant.intranova.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I'm in Jersey also, Northeastern Jersey to be exact.

On Mon, 22 May 2000, Nguyen, Olivier T [AMSTA-AR-CCF-D] wrote:

> hi everyone
> i am a newbie to freebsd or *nix os.  If anyone here create a list for
> Newbie please let me in to.  i need hook up and learn from you all out there
> I am in New Jersey.  45 mins from NYC
> 
> Olivier
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: leegold [mailto:goldtech@worldpost.com]
> Sent: Monday, May 22, 2000 10:20 AM
> To: Thomas Good
> Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
> Subject: Re: Users in NYC?
> 
> 
> >snip....
> >Where are you folks located?
> 
> I'm in Brooklyn, Actually pretty near the Verrazano N. Bridge.
> Grew up in Queens.
> 
> > ...snip
> > I think a Free Unix User Group is preferable to FBSD only.  I love linux
> > and the guys on the other lists typically bash us linuxers.  It's rather
> > petty.  Anyway, no boundaries, right?
> 
> Right. As a matter of fact I'm seeing references to the fact that some linux
> software can run on fbsd w/just a little "prodding". One thing I'd like to
> talk about is the internet browser situation for fbsd. Is Netscape the only
> choice? I would tend to want to invsestigate a stable  ver. of navigator and
> use pine for mail - something like that(?). then there's always Opera. I've
> played w/it alot on w9x/nt w/mixed results.
> 
> > > slices, (vs partitions, waht's the difference - i'd really like to know_
> > >snip.........
> 
> My walnut creek cd's should be coming this week. I'm hearing alot about that
> dos partion you cite below. So you just make a small partiton at the "start"
> of the disk (dos needs to be 1st i assume), and load Ms-dos, or only would
> one fdisk/format it to fat16 and use the "sys" cmd to get he dos system
> files on there. I'd also need a boot manager of some kind too w/multiple
> OS's. Yeah this good -just what I need below - thanks btw,You didn't mention
> the swap - what's the "lowdown" on /swap?
> 
>  my experience with FBSD and AT&T Unix (which is where BSD got the slice
> > terminology) a partition is a section of the hard disk wherein an
> Operating
> > System resides.  That section is further subdivived into 'slices' wherein
> > major components of the filesystem (directory tree structure) reside.
> > That is:  On box1 I have a dos maintenance partition (where I keep a dos
> > command interpreter [command.com] and a boot loader).  Next up I have
> > a big partition where I keep FBSD.  These are two partitions.  Within the
> > FBSD partition I have some slices of differing sizes.  I follow std unix.
> > So I have a 'root' partition of 50 M.  This holds the kernel and
> sysinstall
> > (both in /stand) and some other goodies.  But it is small.  Then I have
> > a slice of 20 M that is my 'mount point' for the /var directory, so named
> > as its contents are 'variable'.  I dislike strongly FBSD's sizing scheme
> > that makes this slice so tiny because I move large database files around
> > using UUCP (unix to unix copy) and /var fills up too easily...
> > Anyway, my third slice on the FBSD partition is /usr.  This is a huge
> slice.
> > Why? All of the code used by ordinary users goes here, as do the home
> directories.
> > /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, and /usr/home can become gigantic.  So, this
> > slice is set to 1G on the machine I'm describing.
> > I did not choose this sizing scheme, I let FBSD do it.  If I were to do it
> > again I would shrink /usr a bit in favour of /var to give myself less
> > headaches (I'm a DBA and need the space for my code and data).
> 
> > > All the tutorials assume unix sysadmin knowledge - that's a stone cold
> fact.
> 
> Sorry, my statement there is a little strong. There is some good intro
> documentation on freebsd and unix in general out there -i'm getting alot of
> links together on this.
> 
> > > > Anyway i'm totally for the FBSD newbie
> > > > group, just let me know when!
> >
> > yes, let's try to get this going...BTW, feel free to send me questions
> > and I will try to help.  I'd suggest you do it offline tho so we don't
> > get scolded for using a list designed for non-technical discussion to
> > do tech talk.
> 
> Great. Thanks.
> Lee
> 
> 
> 
> 
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
> 
> 
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
> 

-- 
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Omachonu Ogali                                     oogali@intranova.net |
| Intranova Networking Group                 http://tribune.intranova.net |
| PGP Key ID:                                                  0xBFE60839 |
| PGP Fingerprint:       C8 51 14 FD 2A 87 53 D1  E3 AA 12 12 01 93 BD 34 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22  9:42:17 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.61])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6C40137B722
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 09:42:13 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goldtech@worldpost.com)
Received: from 216-164-221-97.s97.tnt4.nyw.ny.dialup.rcn.com ([216.164.221.97] helo=leegold1)
	by smtp02.mrf.mail.rcn.net with smtp (Exim 2.12 #3)
	id 12tvHP-0002ri-00; Mon, 22 May 2000 12:42:12 -0400
Message-ID: <001201bfc40c$d00b5b00$61dda4d8@leegold1>
From: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>
To: "Thomas Good" <tomg@mailhost.nrnet.org>
Cc: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
References: <Pine.LNX.3.96.1000522120754.13297B-100000@mailhost.nrnet.org>
Subject: Re: Startup Plans
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 12:43:08 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> OK so we have some unix ppl all in one spot!  I live and work
> on the North Shore of Staten Island.  If Olivier could get to
> me (via the Goethals Bridge to SI Expressway, exiting off
> at Richmond Rd/Clove Rd...etc) we could go together to BKLN.
> I know only Bay Ridge really.  But they have good pubs there. ;-)
> I personally rather like Lebanese food but they have Japanese
> and so on...anyway Third Avenue is not a bad drive so if the
> Brooklyn contingent can get to Bay Ridge easily it might make
> things a bit simpler. What do you guys think?  Is 3rd Avenue kind of
centrally
> located?   If you prefer, we could meet on SI...although the
> only real advantage here is parking.  Brooklyn is tough in that
> respect.

Bayridge is excellent - maybe we could rotate between Brook. and S.I. to
make it fair for the bridge crossers - although if you split the toll,
situation is improved. I'm near Bayridge so it's no problemo. I have a
computer for use  and could pack it and take it to remote location but also
see my commts below too.

> Let me know...and think about what days/times...my other thought
> was that it might not be bad to have access to a machine...

well, i'd open my apt. for the meeting, provided there are no hatchet
murderers among
the group - but there's no pubs you'd want to goto around me, maybe a
restaurant or two that are palatable - it's about 48th and 5th. Sunset
ark  - can be tough parking - sometimes. - Restaurants are mostly latin
American and peurtorican around me but give a good value.

best,
Lee Gold

stand by about possible times/dates, any personal data -phone#s ect...i
won't post on the mailing list - just let me know and will xchange # via
reg. email. Great!





To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22 14:26:48 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from ida.net (mail.ida.net [204.228.203.4])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 2A00037B525
	for <newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 14:26:44 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from ares@ida.net)
Received: (qmail 7730 invoked from network); 22 May 2000 21:26:39 -0000
Received: from pm-pt1-39.ida.net (HELO arescomputer) (208.141.181.48)
  by mail.ida.net with SMTP; 22 May 2000 21:26:39 -0000
Message-ID: <006a01bfc43c$9c4c6f40$30b58dd0@arescomputer>
From: "Bryan Otteson" <ares@ida.net>
To: <newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: A problem with mounting
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 15:25:17 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0067_01BFC401.EF45BE80"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4029.2901
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4029.2901
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0067_01BFC401.EF45BE80
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I don't know that this should go on this board, but the "hackers" =
postings was getting me over 30 e-mails a day and I can't sift through =
all that  :(

I need to mount my dos partition so I can install a newer version of =
XFree86 to support my video card and I didn't get any manuals with my =
FBSD (I got it for $0.99 on linuxmall.com), so I need to know the =
correct syntax to do that.  It is my C: drive I need to mount...I have =
win98 on it, plus my partition for FBSD if that info's relevant.

Bryan

------=_NextPart_000_0067_01BFC401.EF45BE80
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4030.2400" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#d8d0c8>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I don't know that this should go on =
this board, but=20
the "hackers" postings was getting me over 30 e-mails a day and I can't =
sift=20
through all that&nbsp; :(</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I need to mount my dos partition so I =
can install a=20
newer version of XFree86 to support my video card and I didn't get any =
manuals=20
with my FBSD (I got it for $0.99 on linuxmall.com), so I need to know =
the=20
correct syntax to do that.&nbsp; It is my C: drive I need to mount...I =
have=20
win98 on it, plus my partition for FBSD if that=20
info's&nbsp;relevant.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Bryan</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0067_01BFC401.EF45BE80--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22 14:52:34 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from odin.acuson.com (odin.acuson.com [157.226.230.71])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6341737B521
	for <newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 14:52:31 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from djohnson@acuson.com)
Received: from acuson.com ([157.226.69.156]) by odin.acuson.com
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.54)  with ESMTP id AAA3432;
          Mon, 22 May 2000 14:53:42 -0700
Message-ID: <3929AC4A.7FB702DD@acuson.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 14:53:14 -0700
From: David Johnson <djohnson@acuson.com>
Organization: Acuson
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (X11; I; Linux 2.2.13 i586)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Bryan Otteson <ares@ida.net>
Cc: newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: A problem with mounting
References: <006a01bfc43c$9c4c6f40$30b58dd0@arescomputer>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> Bryan Otteson wrote:
> 
> I don't know that this should go on this board, but the "hackers"
> postings was getting me over 30 e-mails a day and I can't sift through
> all that  :(
> 
> I need to mount my dos partition so I can install a newer version of
> XFree86 to support my video card and I didn't get any manuals with my
> FBSD (I got it for $0.99 on linuxmall.com), so I need to know the
> correct syntax to do that.  It is my C: drive I need to mount...I have
> win98 on it, plus my partition for FBSD if that info's relevant.
> 
> Bryan

mount -t msdos /dev/wd0?? /mnt (replace the ?? as appropriate)

You may not have a printed manual, but you do have online manuals. Do a
"man mount" for the mount syntax. You can also look in /usr/share/doc
for some documentation.

-- 
David Johnson...


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22 15:55: 5 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.rdc1.tn.home.com (ha1.rdc1.tn.home.com [24.2.7.66])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EE8D137B599
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Mon, 22 May 2000 15:55:02 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from alterego3@home.com)
Received: from rita ([24.8.15.179]) by mail.rdc1.tn.home.com
          (InterMail vM.4.01.02.00 201-229-116) with SMTP
          id <20000522225501.LRM26552.mail.rdc1.tn.home.com@rita>
          for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>;
          Mon, 22 May 2000 15:55:01 -0700
From: "Jarrett Coffman" <alterego3@home.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: Difference between /dev/ad0s1a and /dev/rad0s1a
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 17:55:01 -0500
Message-ID: <NDBBKKLHMKONEMHECFFJOEBHCAAA.alterego3@home.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0)
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Importance: Normal
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I'm from a linux background where we only had one dev entry. I've noticed
that there are to dev entries (at least for disks). When do you use the r*
dev entry (raw?) and the regular dev entry?

Thanks.

--
Jarrett Coffman
alterego3@home.com




To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22 15:56: 9 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from ida.net (mail.ida.net [204.228.203.4])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 875E437B879
	for <newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 15:56:04 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from ares@ida.net)
Received: (qmail 22851 invoked from network); 22 May 2000 22:55:54 -0000
Received: from pm-pt3-43.ida.net (HELO arescomputer) (208.141.181.148)
  by mail.ida.net with SMTP; 22 May 2000 22:55:54 -0000
Message-ID: <001101bfc449$144535c0$94b58dd0@arescomputer>
From: "Bryan Otteson" <ares@ida.net>
To: <newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: mounting
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 16:54:33 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000E_01BFC40E.674F4DE0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4029.2901
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4029.2901
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_000E_01BFC40E.674F4DE0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Thanks guys, it worked.  I don't know anything about using unix really =
yet, so I couldn't even understand what the man page told me...but =
thanks for the syntax, it worked.  Now it gives me a new error:

(EE) Unable to locate/open config file
(EE) Error from xf86HandleConfigFile()
Fatal Server Error:
no screens found

Is that talking about the monitor?  Maybe I have to install that or =
something?  I just used the script that came with the XFree86 4.0 that I =
got so I'm not sure what the config is.  I looked in the log file it =
told me about with some viewer or another that I couldn't figure out how =
to get out of, but it didn't say any more than what I put in the error =
above.  Did anyone else out there have this much trouble trying to get =
their Xwindows to got up and running for their first time?  I know most =
of it is because I don't know anything about unix yet, but I seem to not =
be able to figure anything out very quickly.

Bryan


------=_NextPart_000_000E_01BFC40E.674F4DE0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4030.2400" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#d8d0c8>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks guys, it worked.&nbsp; I don't =
know anything=20
about using unix really yet, so I couldn't even understand what the man =
page=20
told me...but thanks for the syntax, it worked.&nbsp; Now it gives me a =
new=20
error:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>(EE) Unable to locate/open config =
file</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>(EE) Error from =
xf86HandleConfigFile()</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Fatal Server Error:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>no screens found</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Is that talking about the =
monitor?&nbsp; Maybe I=20
have to install that or something?&nbsp; I just used the script that =
came with=20
the XFree86 4.0 that I got so I'm not sure what the config is.&nbsp; I =
looked in=20
the log file it told me about with some viewer or another that I =
couldn't figure=20
out how to get out of, but it didn't say any more than what I put in the =
error=20
above.&nbsp; Did anyone else out there have this much trouble trying to =
get=20
their Xwindows to got up and running for their first time?&nbsp; I know =
most of=20
it is because I don't know anything about unix yet, but I seem to not be =
able to=20
figure anything out very quickly.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Bryan</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_000E_01BFC40E.674F4DE0--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22 17: 6:29 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from odin.acuson.com (odin.acuson.com [157.226.230.71])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EC1C137B80E
	for <newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 17:06:26 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from djohnson@acuson.com)
Received: from acuson.com ([157.226.69.156]) by odin.acuson.com
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.54)  with ESMTP id AAA76;
          Mon, 22 May 2000 17:07:39 -0700
Message-ID: <3929CBAC.2F4E7F4@acuson.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 17:07:08 -0700
From: David Johnson <djohnson@acuson.com>
Organization: Acuson
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (X11; I; Linux 2.2.13 i586)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Bryan Otteson <ares@ida.net>
Cc: newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: mounting
References: <001101bfc449$144535c0$94b58dd0@arescomputer>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> Bryan Otteson wrote:

> Is that talking about the monitor?  Maybe I have to install that or
> something?  I just used the script that came with the XFree86 4.0 that
> I got so I'm not sure what the config is.

You can't use the defaults that X comes with. You can try... And most of
the time you will at least get a VGA16 mode. But some new cards don't
have normal VGA6 modes anymore.

You will need to create your own XF86Config file. The easiest way to do
this is to run the XF86Setup program. This requires the VGA16 mode, so
it may not work for you. If it doesn't, use the xf86config program,
which is command-line based. You will need to know what mouse, video
card and monitor you have, including monitor specs (refresh rates, etc),
video memory, mouse protocol, etc. If you got your computer from a
reputable dealer/manufacturer, you will have all of this information.
But a lot of dealers/manufacturers are not, so you might not have
monitor specs, etc. In such a case, research on the internet is
required.

During the normal FreeBSD install, there is an option to configure the
video. This simply runs the XF86Setup program.

Putting the wrong info into the XF86Config file can literally destroy
your monitor. So keep a finger poised over the monitor on/off switch
while you attempt to get it right.

And once you have a XF86Config file that works - save it! Everyone who
has ever used a Unix system, from guru on down, has had to reinstall
more than once.

David Johnson


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Mon May 22 20: 8:50 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.rdc2.on.home.com (ha1.rdc2.on.home.com [24.9.0.15])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id E7DA137B735
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Mon, 22 May 2000 20:08:46 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from generic@unitedtamers.com)
Received: from x ([24.68.108.236]) by mail.rdc2.on.home.com
          (InterMail vM.4.01.02.17 201-229-119) with SMTP
          id <20000523030846.FUOP23706.mail.rdc2.on.home.com@x>
          for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>;
          Mon, 22 May 2000 20:08:46 -0700
Message-ID: <009d01bfc464$3c44d1a0$0100a8c0@x>
From: "Generic Player" <generic@unitedtamers.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: natd on FreeBSD 4
Date: Mon, 22 May 2000 23:08:53 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_009A_01BFC442.B2E87E50"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6700
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_009A_01BFC442.B2E87E50
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I am currently using a win2k machine to share my internet connection =
with another win2k machine.  I don't want to use a win2k machine.  I =
installed FreeBSD 4 on it fine, but that's about as far as I have =
gotten.  I want to use natd to share my connection right?  I currently =
have ed0 as my connection to the net, and xl0 as my LAN connection.  I =
have connectivity to both, so that's a good start.  I found a tutorial =
on setting up natd for FreeBSD 2.2-3, is it different with 4?  If so, =
could someone walk me through it or point me to an up-to-date tutorial?

Thanks
Generic Player

------=_NextPart_000_009A_01BFC442.B2E87E50
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2920.0" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I am currently using a win2k machine to =
share my=20
internet connection with another win2k machine.&nbsp; I don't want to =
use a=20
win2k machine.&nbsp; I installed FreeBSD 4 on it fine, but that's about =
as far=20
as I have gotten.&nbsp; I want to use natd to share my connection =
right?&nbsp; I=20
currently have ed0 as my connection to the net, and xl0 as my LAN=20
connection.&nbsp; I have connectivity to both, so that's a good =
start.&nbsp; I=20
found&nbsp;a tutorial on setting up natd for FreeBSD 2.2-3, is it =
different with=20
4?&nbsp; If so, could someone walk me through it or point me to an =
up-to-date=20
tutorial?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Generic =
Player</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_009A_01BFC442.B2E87E50--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23  0:55:52 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from dt051n0b.san.rr.com (dt051n0b.san.rr.com [204.210.32.11])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 85D3037B5BA
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Tue, 23 May 2000 00:55:48 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Received: from gorean.org (doug@master [10.0.0.2])
	by dt051n0b.san.rr.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA43116;
	Tue, 23 May 2000 00:55:42 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Message-ID: <392A397E.12EA745B@gorean.org>
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 00:55:42 -0700
From: Doug Barton <DougB@gorean.org>
Organization: Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Authority
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (X11; U; FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT-0508 i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org
Subject: Re: batch; the other way around
References: <20000522133131.95845.qmail@hotmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

"Dimitrios T." wrote:
> 
> hi,
> 
> I like to follow the posts of this mailing-list, I think it's yet another
> way of learning FreeBSD. I liked the following solution of adding a 'txt'
> "extension" (pardon my DOS :-)  after a listing of files:
> 
>    for f in *
>    do
>      mv $f $f.txt
>    done
> 
> Usefull, indeed. But how can one remove the 'txt' from those files (renaming
> them back to the original filename).
> 
> Is this possible?

	Well, the answer is in the man page for sh, but it's not 100% obvious.
So, I'll tell you, if you promise to go READ the man page to figure out
why it works. :)

for FILE in *.txt; do
mv $FILE ${FILE%\.txt}
done

Doug


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23  4: 1:47 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hotmail.com (f20.law9.hotmail.com [64.4.9.20])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id DA4BB37B90C
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Tue, 23 May 2000 04:01:44 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from midios3@hotmail.com)
Received: (qmail 58097 invoked by uid 0); 23 May 2000 11:01:44 -0000
Message-ID: <20000523110144.58096.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 195.66.101.72 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 23 May 2000 04:01:44 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [195.66.101.72]
From: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org
Cc: alboissy@airfrance.fr
Subject: man's bold text
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 11:01:44 GMT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Thanx to Alexandre and Doug for answering my question.

It's funny how trying to understand one mystery you come yet across an other 
:)

I was looking at the man page of sh and I thought: let's dump this thing 
into a text file and walk through it with my 'favourite text editor' (vi?). 
Easy to search for a specific character/word/sentence, no?

I redirected the output of 'man sh' to a file but when I edited it I 
realized, of course, that bold text was rather illegible.. Hm! I tried Joe 
and Emacs but neither one did it.
Commands like 'cat' and 'more' on the other hand displayed the bold text 
with no problem.

Do I ignore a vi (Joe or Emacs) option for displaying such text?

Greetings,
Dimitri
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23  4:54:46 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail2.svr.pol.co.uk (mail2.svr.pol.co.uk [195.92.193.210])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7B8ED37B783
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Tue, 23 May 2000 04:54:39 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from merlin@netlink.co.uk)
Received: from modem-11.monkeyface-eel.dialup.pol.co.uk ([62.137.40.139] helo=A470.com)
	by mail2.svr.pol.co.uk with esmtp (Exim 3.13 #0)
	id 12uDGd-0004uW-00
	for freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org; Tue, 23 May 2000 12:54:36 +0100
Received: (qmail 86661 invoked by uid 1012); 23 May 2000 01:30:28 -0000
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 01:30:28 +0000
From: Darren Wyn Rees <merlin@netlink.co.uk>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org
Subject: Re: batch; the other way around
Message-ID: <20000523013028.T38637@netlink.co.uk>
References: <20000522133131.95845.qmail@hotmail.com>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: inline
User-Agent: Mutt/1.2i
In-Reply-To: <20000522133131.95845.qmail@hotmail.com>; from midios3@hotmail.com on Mon, May 22, 2000 at 01:31:31PM +0000
Organization: A470
X-No-Archive: yes
X-PGP-812C54B1: F8 79 5E 84 F0 20 A5 62  FA 2D E9 BD BE 06 7D 10
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

On Mon, May 22, 2000 at 01:31:31PM +0000, Dimitrios T. wrote:

>    for f in *
>    do
>      mv $f $f.txt
>    done
> 
> Usefull, indeed. But how can one remove the 'txt' from those files (renaming 
> them back to the original filename).

for f in *
do
FNEW=`echo $f | sed -e 's/\.txt$//'`
 	mv $f $FNEW
done

The above will only delete '.txt' if it appears at the end of the file.
Embellish at will... [t|T][x|X][t|T] 	 


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23  5: 7:21 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr (diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr [150.140.141.181])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id E42DE37B9B6
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Tue, 23 May 2000 05:07:12 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from keramida@ceid.upatras.gr)
Received: (qmail 5806 invoked by uid 1465); 23 May 2000 11:23:12 -0000
Message-ID: <20000523112312.5805.qmail@diogenis.ceid.upatras.gr>
From: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 14:23:12 +0300 (EET DST)
To: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org, alboissy@airfrance.fr
Subject: Re: man's bold text
In-Reply-To: <20000523110144.58096.qmail@hotmail.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

On Tue, 23 May 2000, Dimitrios T. wrote:

> I was looking at the man page of sh and I thought: let's dump this
> thing into a text file and walk through it with my 'favourite text
> editor' (vi?).  Easy to search for a specific character/word/sentence,
> no?

Try using this to dump manpages:

	% man sh | sed -e 's/.^H//g' > sh.txt

That ^H sign is actually a backspace.. a raw backspace character.
Inserting this in your command line, is different from shell to shell
but on my tcsh and bash at home, I can press Ctrl-V Ctrl-H and get it
in there without a problem.

Then, edit sh.txt with your favorite editor.

- giorgos keramidas



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23  6:39:26 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hotmail.com (f231.law9.hotmail.com [64.4.9.231])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id B819037BA37
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Tue, 23 May 2000 06:39:23 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from midios3@hotmail.com)
Received: (qmail 31499 invoked by uid 0); 23 May 2000 13:39:22 -0000
Message-ID: <20000523133922.31498.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 195.66.101.72 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Tue, 23 May 2000 06:39:22 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [195.66.101.72]
From: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org
Subject: I've tried them all. They all work :)
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 13:39:22 GMT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Hi all, and thanks for the feedback :)

About that man's (unconvertable) bolt text...

>alboissy@airfrance.fr quoth:

>There's a great mode in X(Emacs) : M-x man. It opens man pages in >buffers.
>Very cool !

Indeed! I've tried it. :)

>"Haikal Saadh" <wyldephyre2@yahoo.com> added:

>Actually, just pip it to more like <man sh | more> and when the lot >comes 
>on screen, you can use your fav. vi functions by hitting ':'. so you can do 
>things like :s/foo etc.

True! how could I guess? :)

>keramida@ceid.upatras.gr suggested:
>% man sh | sed -e 's/.^H//g' > sh.txt

It works! Even though I don't quite understand the sed part :(

And about chopping off the .txt extension:

>Darren Wyn Rees <merlin@netlink.co.uk> adviced:

>for f in *
>do
>FNEW=`echo $f | sed -e 's/\.txt$//'`
>        mv $f $FNEW
>done

This one looks more mysterious than previous suggestions
( like for example:    do mv $f ${f%%.txt} done   )
but works just fine, all of the same :) Thanks Darren!

I think I better go and look at sed's man-page once more..

nice to have you around all you ppl,
bye
Dimitri
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23  7:10:17 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from c29s237-h4t49.chello.no (c29s237-h4t49.chello.no [212.186.237.29])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id DC69D37B69C
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Tue, 23 May 2000 07:10:13 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from paalsom@c29s237-h4t49.chello.no)
Received: (from paalsom@localhost)
	by c29s237-h4t49.chello.no (8.9.3/8.9.3) id QAA01450;
	Tue, 23 May 2000 16:10:09 +0200 (CEST)
	(envelope-from paalsom)
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 16:10:09 +0200
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?P=E5l_Sommerhein?= <pms@chello.no>
To: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: I've tried them all. They all work :)
Message-ID: <20000523161009.A1150@chello.no>
Reply-To: pms@chello.no
References: <20000523133922.31498.qmail@hotmail.com>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0i
In-Reply-To: <20000523133922.31498.qmail@hotmail.com>; from midios3@hotmail.com on Tue, May 23, 2000 at 01:39:22PM +0000
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

On Tue, May 23, 2000 at 01:39:22PM +0000, Dimitrios T. wrote:
>
> >keramida@ceid.upatras.gr suggested:
> >% man sh | sed -e 's/.^H//g' > sh.txt

Alternatively you could use

	man sh | col -b > sh.txt

which produces the exact same result (verified by using diff).

To read a man page into a document from within vi use

	:r! man sh | col -b

which is pretty handy when you want to include extracts from manpages
like the following from col(1)


NAME
     col - filter reverse line feeds from input

[...]

     -b        Do not output any backspaces, printing only the last
               character written to each column position.

-- 
Pål Sommerhein


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23 10: 2:57 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from dt051n0b.san.rr.com (dt051n0b.san.rr.com [204.210.32.11])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 50DE937B867
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Tue, 23 May 2000 10:02:55 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Received: from gorean.org (doug@master [10.0.0.2])
	by dt051n0b.san.rr.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA46877;
	Tue, 23 May 2000 10:02:52 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Message-ID: <392AB9BC.872B0BAB@gorean.org>
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 10:02:52 -0700
From: Doug Barton <DougB@gorean.org>
Organization: Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Authority
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (X11; U; FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT-0508 i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org, alboissy@airfrance.fr
Subject: Re: man's bold text
References: <20000523110144.58096.qmail@hotmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

"Dimitrios T." wrote:
> 
> Thanx to Alexandre and Doug for answering my question.
> 
> It's funny how trying to understand one mystery you come yet across an other
> :)
> 
> I was looking at the man page of sh and I thought: let's dump this thing
> into a text file and walk through it with my 'favourite text editor' (vi?).
> Easy to search for a specific character/word/sentence, no?
> 
> I redirected the output of 'man sh' to a file but when I edited it I
> realized, of course, that bold text was rather illegible.. 

	Now it's time to do some reading in a different source. :)
http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/tutorials/new-users/index.html is a good start,
and contains the answer to your exact question here (Thanks Annelise :).
You should also start reading through the FAQ and Handbook on the web
page. You won't understand it all now, but it will give you a good
foundation to grow on.

Good luck,

Doug
-- 
        "Live free or die"
		- State motto of my ancestral homeland, New Hampshire

	Do YOU Yahoo!?


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Tue May 23 20:23:54 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from prx1.livedoor.com (prx1.livedoor.com [203.104.128.67])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id C668E37BB98
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Tue, 23 May 2000 20:22:35 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from paradaimshift@livedoor.com)
Received: (qmail 6182 invoked from network); 24 May 2000 03:22:23 -0000
Received: from unknown (HELO fh0014) (63.12.70.81)
  by prx1.livedoor.com with SMTP; 24 May 2000 03:22:23 -0000
Message-ID: <000d01bfc52f$3f9dbc60$51460c3f@fh0014>
From: "paradaimshift" <paradaimshift@livedoor.com>
To: <Undisclosed-Recipient:;@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCMj5FUE8/JE8jNjduIzVGfCReJEchKjojJEokaUFAJCgbKEI=?=
	=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCJGs3bjx9IzEjMiMwIzBLfBsoQg==?=
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 11:55:12 +0900
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC576.ED15B9A0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC576.ED15B9A0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-2022-jp"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

$B2>EPO?$O#67n#5F|$^$G!*:#$J$iA@$($k7n<}#1#2#0#0K|!*(B

$BFMA3%a!<%k$rAw$i$;$FD:$$$?$3$H$r?<$/$*OM$S$$$?$7$^$9!#(B
$B6=L#$N$J$$J}$O$*5v$7$/$@$5$$!#$3$N$^$^:o=|$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
$B$?$$$X$s?=$7Lu$4$6$$$^$;$s$G$7$?!#(B

$B!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a(B
$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H%S%8%M%9$G!"(B
$B>o$K%"%a%j%+$KCY$l$r$H$C$F$$$?F|K\$G$b!"$D$$$K!"(B
$B?.$8$i$l$J$$Bg4k6H$K$h$k;qK\!u5;=QDs7H$G@$3&@oN,$,%9%?!<%H$5$l$^$9!#(B

$B$?$@$7>e5-$N;qK\;22C!u5;=QDs7H4k6HL>$O!"(B
$B8=:_$O$^$@?eLL2<$N3hF0CJ3,$G$9$N$G!"@5<0$K$O30ItH/I=$5$l$F$$$^$;$s!#(B
$B<B:]!"@$3&%0%i%s%I%*!<%W%s$N(B7$B7n$^$G$O!"$=$N$[$H$s$I$,%Y!<%k$K1#$5$l$F$$$^(B
$B$9!#(B

$B$=$7$F@oN,E*$KCmL\$9$Y$-$G$"$j!":#2s$*EA$($7$?$$$3$H$O!"(B
$B$3$NATBg$J;v6H$,!"@$3&E*$J%l%Y%k$G$N;v6H3HBg%9%T!<%I$r:G=EMW;k$7!"(B
$B$J$s$H!"#M#L#M%7%9%F%`$G$N<B;\$,A*Br$5$l$?$H$$$&6C$/$Y$-;v<B$G$9!#(B

$B$D$^$j;qK\NO$N$J$$8D?M$G$b!"(B
$B$"$J$?$G$b!"$3$N;v6H$K;22C$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$N$G$9!*(B
$B$b$A$m$sK!?M$G$N;v6H;22C$b2DG=$G$9!#%@%$%J%_%C%/$K3hF0$G$-$k$G$7$g$&!#(B

$B?72q<R$N<RL>$O#S#T#A#R#W#E#B#2#1(B
$B@5<0$J%S%8%M%9%9%?!<%H$O#2#0#0#0G/#77n#1F|$G$9!#(B
$B8=:_$O>R2p<T%k!<%H$N$_$K8B$C$F!"$J$s$H2>EPO?$N<u$1IU$1$,2DG=$J$N$G$9!#(B

$B$D$^$j:#$3$N>pJs$rCN$C$F$$$kJ}$O!"$^$5$K4q@W$N%?%$%_%s%0$J$N$G$9!#(B
$B:#$J$i$"$J$?$b2>EPO?$K;22C$G$-$k!J#67n#5F|Kx!K%S%C%0%A%c%s%9$G$9(B!
$B$$$^2>EPO?$r$G$-$l$P!"$[$\2q<RD>7k$N>uBV$G$"$k$3$H$r$*EA$($7$F$*$-$^$9!#(B

$B8=:_!"2>EPO?$N$?$a$N%"%/%;%9=8Cf$,$9$4$$>uBV$K$J$C$F$$$^$9$N$G!"(B
$B>/$7A0Kx$O!"$J$+$J$+7R$,$j$^$;$s$G$7$?$,!"5pBg%5!<%P!<$KJQ99$5$l!"(B
$B8=:_$O2wE,$KEPO?$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#:#$,2>EPO?3MF@$N%A%c%s%9!*$G$9!#(B

$B#M#L#M$N>o<1$G$9$,!"(B
$B@h$KEPO?$G$-$l$P!"$=$l$@$1B?$/>!<j$K%@%&%s$,$D$$$F$-$^$9!#(B
$B:#$J$i$P!"$"$J$?$NEXNO<!Bh$G!"7n<}#1#2#0#0K|$b=<J,$K<MDx5wN%$J$N$G$9!#(B

$B$^$5$KAa$$$b$N>!$A$N>u67$G$9$N$G!"$_$J$5$sI,;`$G%"%/%;%9$5$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B;d$NM'?M$O!"$3$N(B1$B=54V$@$1$G%@%&%s$,>!<j$K#1#0#0L>$r%*!<%P!<$7$^$7$?!#(B
$BD>@\>R2p$7$?$N$O!"$[$s$N?tL>$G$"$k$N$K!&!&!&$G$9!#(B

$B$^$5$K%$%s%?!<%M%C%H;~Be$N?7%S%8%M%9$G$9!#(B
$B;d$O;v<B$rL\$NA0$NM'?M$N%3%s%T%e!<%?!<$G8+$F!"D;H)$,N)$A$^$7$?!#(B
$B$A$J$_$K;d$O2a5n$K$*$$$F!"#M#L#M$K<j$r=P$7$?$3$H$O0lEY$b$"$j$^$;$s!#(B

$B!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a(B
$B#M#L#M$@$+$i$H8@$C$F!"@hF~4Q$r$b$?$J$$$h$&$K$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
$B$1$C$7$F=>Mh$N7r9/?)IJ4XO"$J$I$K$"$j$,$A$J!"(B
$B$$$+$,$o$7$$OC$H$O0l@~$r2h$7$?$b$N$G$"$k$3$H$r$4M}2r$/$@$5$$!#(B

$B$H$O8@$$$D$D$b!";d$K$b#M#L#M$X$N@hF~4Q$O$"$j$^$7$?!#(B
$BEvA3$J$,$iM'?M$+$iOC$r<u$1$?$H$-!"$O$8$a$OH>?.H>5?$G$7$?!#(B
$B$7$+$7:#$O0c$$$^$9!#7r9/?)IJ$H#e%3%^!<%9$G$O!"A4$/;v>p$,JQ2=$7$^$9!#(B

$B$h$/$*9M$($/$@$5$$!#(B
$B;v6H3HBg%9%T!<%I$,A4$F$r@)$9$k%$%s%?!<%M%C%H$N@$3&$K$*$$$F!"(B
$B@$3&Cf$N8D?M$r:GBg8B3hMQ$G$-$k#M#L#M$[$I9gCW$7$?$b$N$O$"$j$^$;$s!#(B

$B$A$J$_$K#47n#2#6F|H/Gd$N!c#B!]#i#n#g!d$H!c$H$i$P!<$f!d(B
$B$=$7$F!!#57n#1#0F|H/Gd$N!c#B!]#i#n#g!d$G$b5a?M9-9p$,7G:\$5$l$^$7$?!#(B
$B$$$+$,$o$7$$CDBN$N%S%8%M%9$G$O@dBP$K$J$$$3$H$N>ZL@$G$b$"$j$^$9!#(B

$B$3$N<j$N%S%8%M%9$G!"%j%/%k!<%H<R$N87$7$$4k6H?3::$r%Q%9$7!"(B
$B5a?M9-9p$N<B;\$,5v$5$l$k$N$O!"(B
$B$h$[$I$N4k6H$G$J$1$l$P!"@dBP$KIT2DG=$J$3$H$@$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B

$B!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a(B
$B$3$N$h$&$K8=:_$O!c#C#P>R2p<T%k!<%H$N$_$N2>EPO?4|4V!d$N$?$a!"(B
$BHs>o$K8B$i$l$?>pJs$NCf$GH=CG$7$F$$$?$@$/$7$+$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B$=$l$G$b2r$C$F$$$?$@$1$kJ}$K$7$+%A%c%s%9$O$3$J$$$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B

$BEvA3$J$,$i#67n#5F|$^$G$N2>EPO?4|4VCf$OEPO?HqMQ$O$+$+$j$^$;$s!#(B
$BL5NA$G2>EPO?$r:Q$^$;$F$*$-!"#77n#1F|%9%?!<%H$7$F$+$i$b!"(B
$B$b$7!"ITK~$,$"$l$P%/!<%j%s%0%*%U!J#8F|4V!K$b$G$-$^$9!#(B

$B8=CJ3,$G$O<+:n%[!<%`%Z!<%8Ey$G$N@kEA$O6X;_$5$l$F$^$9$7(B
$B%i%j!<$d%_!<%F%#%s%0$N$h$&$J3hF0$b8=:_9T$o$l$F$$$^$;$s!#(B
$B$f$($K8XBg$JI=8=$N4+M6$,HEMt$7$F$$$^$9$,OG$o$5$l$J$$$G$/$@$5$$!#(B

$B$7$+$7$J$,$i!"%S%C%0%A%c%s%9$G$"$k$3$H$K$O4V0c$$$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B$3$N%a!<%k$r<u<h$k$3$H$,$G$-$?4q@WE*$J$"$J$?$J$i!"(B
$BEXNO$7$@$$$G!"7n<}#1#2#0#0K|1_$O==J,$K2DG=$J$O$:$G$9!#(B

$B4pK\E*$K$O#H#P%9%Z!<%9$N%l%s%?%k$r$O$8$a(B
$B$"$j$H$"$i$f$k#e%3%^!<%9%S%8%M%9$r<B;\$9$k$3$H$,$G$-!"(B
$B$=$l$,#M#L#M%7%9%F%`$G:FG[J,$5$l$k$H$$$&2h4|E*$J%S%8%M%9$G$9!#(B

$B%*%s%i%$%s%^%H%j%C%/%9$G$9$+$i!"%@%&%s$,$+$C$F$K>e$+$i9_$j$F$-$^$9!#(B
$BA4$/EXNO$;$:$K@.8y$9$k$[$I!"4E$/$O$J$$$G$7$g$&$,!&!&!&(B
$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H$K$D$J$,$k4D6-$5$(;}$C$F$$$l$P@$3&E*%S%8%M%9$,2DG=$G$9!#(B

$B#H#P%9%Z!<%9%l%s%?%kHNGd$K4X$7$F$N%3%_%C%7%g%s$O=5J'$$$G#3#0#0K|1_$^$G!#(B
$BJs=7$N;YJ'J}K!$O%P%$%J%j!]$H%^%H%j%C%/%9!"$5$i$K%*!<%S%C%HJ}<0$G$9!#(B
$B$o$+$k$R$H$K$O$o$+$k!"9M$($&$k:G9b$N%7%9%F%`$G$9!#(B

==============================================================
$B%5!<%S%9$NFbMF$O(B
$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H=i?4<T$+$i>e5i<T$^$GK~B-$G$-$k%5!<%S%9$,B7$$$^$9!#(B
$B$3$l$@$1B7$C$FG/2qHq(B\10,000$B!JF~2qHq(B\1,550$BJL!K$G$9!#(B

$B-!#2#0%a%,0J>e$N%[!<%`%Z!<%8(B
$B-"4JC1$G$*$7$c$l$J:n@.%D!<%k(B
$B-#(BE$B%3%^!<%9(B
$B-$%W%m%P%$%@!<%5!<%S%9(B
$B-%40`z$J%+%9%?%^!<%5!<%S%9Ey(B
$B$5$^$6$^$J6HBV$r4^$`Am9g%S%8%M%9$G$9!#(B

$B2?EY$b?=$7>e$2$^$9$,(B
$B8=:_$^$@2>EPO?$NJg=8$J$N$G$*6b$O$+$+$j$^$;$s!#(B

$B$*;YJ'$$$O#67nCf=\$G$9!#2q<R$N%[!<%`%Z!<%8$r$h$/$4Mw$/$@$5$$!#(B
$B#77n$N@$3&0l@F%0%i%s%I%*!<%W%s;~$KEPO?$9$k$+$I$&$+7h$a$F2<$5$$!#(B

$BK\EPO?$N:]$NEPO?HqMQ$O!o#1#1(B,$B#5#0#0$@$1!JG/4V!K0l?M0l8}8BDj$G$9!#(B
$B$?$@$7!"2q<R!";R6!!J?F$N>5BzI,MW!K$NEPO?$b#O#K$G$9!#(B

$B2>EPO?$GM-Mx$J%]%8%7%g%s$N3NJ]$r$7$F$*$$$FM_$7$$$N$G$9!#(B

=============================================================
$BEPO?$N;EJ}$O4JC1$G$9!#(B
$B$^$:$O!"%[!<%`%Z!<%8$r3+$$$F3NG'$7$F2<$5$$!#(B
$BI,$:A4$F$r$*FI$_$$$?$@$-!"$4<+?H$N@UG$$G2>EPO?$K$*?J$_$/$@$5$$!#(B

$B2q<R$N>R2p$N#H#P(B
http://www.starweb21.com/
$B$+$J$i$:$h$/$*FI$_$/$@$5$$!#4V0c$C$?>pJs$,HEMt$7$F$$$k$h$&$G$9!#(B
$BF~$j8}%Z!<%8$N%*%l%s%8?'$N!c(BWARNING$B!d$OI,?\$G$9!#(B

$B#H#P$N:8%5%$%I$K=D$K#5Ns$N%j%s%/$,$"$j$^$9!#(B
$B>\:Y$NM}2r$O!"$3$A$i$+$i$*4j$$$7$^$9!#(B $BI,$:$9$Y$F$K4c$rDL$7$F2<$5$$!#(B
$B$^$?#Q!u#A$O2<AX$K$5$i$K#3%Z!<%8$"$j$^$9$N$G!"$4Cm0U$/$@$5$$!#(B

$B2>EPO?MQ$N>R2p<T#U#R#L(B
http://www.starweb21.com/cp/mame
$B2>EPO?$O!">e5->R2p<T$N#U#R#L$,$J$1$l$P$G$-$^$;$s!#(B
$B$4<+?H$N@UG$$G!"2>EPO?$O!"$3$A$i$+$i$*4j$$$7$^$9!#(B

$BESCf$G!V1&!W!V:8!W$N7ONs$rA*Br$9$k>lLL$,=P$F$-$^$9$,!"(B
$B8=:_!"Ev%0%k!<%W$O!V1&7ONs!W$r?d>)$7$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B$^$:$OA40w$G!"1&7ONs$r6(NO$7$F?-$P$7$F$*$j$^$9!#(B

$B$"$kDxEY$N1&7ONs$r8zN(E*$K3NJ]$G$-$?$HH=CG$5$l$?$i!"(B
$B$"$J$?$N:87ONs$N3NJ]$K$*0\$j2<$5$$!#(B
$B1&7ONs$G<jK!$r$*3X$SD:$$$?8e$J$i!"$?$d$9$/%9%?!<%H$G$-$k$H;W$$$^$9!#(B

$BEPO?$7$?=V4V$K?tL>$N%@%&%s$,>!<j$K$D$/$3$H$,DA$7$/$"$j$^$;$s!#(B
$B#1IC$r6%$&EPO??t$H$$$&$N$OK\Ev$NOC$G$9!#$9$4$$$3$H$K$J$j$^$9!#(B
$B%@%&%s$,>!<j$K$D$$$F$/$kBi8oL#$r@'Hs!"$*3Z$7$_2<$5$$!#(B

$B$J$*8f0l?M$NJ}$N#2=EEPO?$O$G$-$^$;$s!#(B
$BH/3P$9$l$PEPO?<h$j>C$7=hJ,$H$J$j$^$9!#(B
$BF1$8=;=j$G$b!"$42HB2!"5Z$S!"?F8"<TF10U$NL$@.G/<T$J$i2DG=$G$9!#(B

$B$^$?!"K!?M$G$NJLEPO?$O2DG=$H$J$C$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B2>EPO?$r$b$N$7$F!"$"$J$?$N?M@8$K?7$?$J%A%c%s%9$r2C$($F$/$@$5$$!#(B

===============================================================
$B$^$:2<$N2>EPO?(B URL$B%U%)!<%`$h$j!V1&!W7ONs$G2>EPO?$r$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
http://www.starweb21.com/cp/mame

$B$"$H$O>e5-$N2>EPO?MQ#U#R#L$N1&C<$r!"(B
$B$"$J$?$N%K%C%/%M!<%`$K=q$-49$($F!"(B
$B$G$-$k$@$1Aa$/!"$G$-$k8B$jB?$/$N$*M'C#$K65$($F$"$2$^$7$g$&!#(B

===============================================================
$B$V$7$D$1$JFMA3$N%a!<%k$K:G8e$^$G$*IU$-9g$$$$$?$@$-!"(B
$B@?$K$"$j$,$H$&$4$6$$$^$7$?!#(B
$B3'MM$N:#8e$N8fB?1?$r!"$*5'$j?=$7>e$2$^$9!#(B

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC576.ED15B9A0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-2022-jp"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-2022-jp" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2919.6307" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B2>EPO?$O#67n#5F|$^$G!*:#$J$iA@$($k7n<}#1#2#0#0K|!*=1B(B</FO=
NT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$BFMA3%a!<%k$rAw$i$;$FD:$$$?$3$H$r?<$/$*OM$S$$$?$7$^$9!#=1B(B=
<BR>=1B$B6=3DL#$N$J$$J}$O$*5v$7$/$@$5$$!#$3$N$^$^:o=3D|$7$F$/$@$5$$!#=1B(=
B<BR>=1B$B$?$$$X$s?=3D$7Lu$4$6$$$^$;$s$G$7$?!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a=1B=
(B=20
<BR>=1B$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H%S%8%M%9$G!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B>o$K%"%a%j%+$KCY$l$r$H$C=
$F$$$?F|K\$G$b!"$D$$$K!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B?.$8$i$l$J$$Bg4k6H$K$h$k;qK\!u5;=3D=
QDs7H$G@$3&@oN,$,%9%?!<%H$5$l$^$9!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B$?$@$7>e5-$N;qK\;22C!u5;=3DQDs7H4k6HL>$O!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B8=3D=
:_$O$^$@?eLL2<$N3hF0CJ3,$G$9$N$G!"@5<0$K$O30ItH/I=3D$5$l$F$$$^$;$s!#=1B(B=
<BR>=1B$B<B:]!"@$3&%0%i%s%I%*!<%W%s$N=1B(B7=1B$B7n$^$G$O!"$=3D$N$[$H$s$I$=
,%Y!<%k$K1#$5$l$F$$$^$9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B$=3D$7$F@oN,E*$KCmL\$9$Y$-$G$"$j!":#2s$*EA$($7$?$$$3$H$O!"=1B=
(B<BR>=1B$B$3$NATBg$J;v6H$,!"@$3&E*$J%l%Y%k$G$N;v6H3HBg%9%T!<%I$r:G=3DEMW=
;k$7!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$J$s$H!"#M#L#M%7%9%F%`$G$N<B;\$,A*Br$5$l$?$H$$$&6C$/$=
Y$-;v<B$G$9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B$D$^$j;qK\NO$N$J$$8D?M$G$b!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$"$J$?$G$b!"$3$N;=
v6H$K;22C$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$N$G$9!*=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$b$A$m$sK!?M$G$N;v6H;22C$b=
2DG=3D$G$9!#%@%$%J%_%C%/$K3hF0$G$-$k$G$7$g$&!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B?72q<R$N<RL>$O#S#T#A#R#W#E#B#2#1=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B@5<0$J%S%8%M%9%9%?!<%H$O#2#0#0#0G/#77n#1F|$G$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B8=3D:_$O>R2p<T%k!<%H$N$_$K8B$C$F!"$J$s$H2>EPO?$N<u$1IU$1$,2DG=3D=
$J$N$G$9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$D$^$j:#$3$N>pJs$rCN$C$F$$$kJ}$O!"$^$5$K4q@W$N%?%$%_%s%0$J$=
N$G$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B:#$J$i$"$J$?$b2>EPO?$K;22C$G$-$k!J#67n#5F|Kx!K%S%C%0%A%c%s%9$G$9=
=1B(B! =
<BR>=1B$B$$$^2>EPO?$r$G$-$l$P!"$[$\2q<RD>7k$N>uBV$G$"$k$3$H$r$*EA$($7$F$*=
$-$^$9!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B8=3D:_!"2>EPO?$N$?$a$N%"%/%;%9=3D8Cf$,$9$4$$>uBV$K$J$C$F$$$=
^$9$N$G!"=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B>/$7A0Kx$O!"$J$+$J$+7R$,$j$^$;$s$G$7$?$,!"5pBg%5!<%P!<$KJQ99$5$l=
!"=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B8=3D:_$O2wE,$KEPO?$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#:#$,2>EPO?3MF@$N%A%c%s%9!*=
$G$9!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B#M#L#M$N>o<1$G$9$,!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B@h$KEPO?$G$-$l$P!"$=3D$l$=
@$1B?$/>!<j$K%@%&%s$,$D$$$F$-$^$9!#=1B(B<BR>=1B$B:#$J$i$P!"$"$J$?$NEXNO<!=
Bh$G!"7n<}#1#2#0#0K|$b=3D<J,$K<MDx5wN%$J$N$G$9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$^$5$KAa$$$b$N>!$A$N>u67$G$9$N$G!"$_$J$5$sI,;`$G%"%/%;%9$5$=
l$F$$$^$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B;d$NM'?M$O!"$3$N=1B(B1=1B$B=3D54V$@$1$G%@%&%s$,>!<j$K#1#0#0L>$r%=
*!<%P!<$7$^$7$?!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$BD>@\>R2p$7$?$N$O!"$[$s$N?tL>$G$"$k$N$K!&!&!&$G$9!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$^$5$K%$%s%?!<%M%C%H;~Be$N?7%S%8%M%9$G$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B;d$O;v<B$rL\$NA0$NM'?M$N%3%s%T%e!<%?!<$G8+$F!"D;H)$,N)$A$^$7$?!#=
=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$A$J$_$K;d$O2a5n$K$*$$$F!"#M#L#M$K<j$r=3DP$7$?$3$H$O0lEY$b$=
"$j$^$;$s!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!=
a!a!a=1B(B<BR>=1B$B#M#L#M$@$+$i$H8@$C$F!"@hF~4Q$r$b$?$J$$$h$&$K$7$F$/$@$5=
$$!#=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$1$C$7$F=3D>Mh$N7r9/?)IJ4XO"$J$I$K$"$j$,$A$J!"=1B(B<BR>=
=1B$B$$$+$,$o$7$$OC$H$O0l@~$r2h$7$?$b$N$G$"$k$3$H$r$4M}2r$/$@$5$$!#=1B(B<=
/FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B$H$O8@$$$D$D$b!";d$K$b#M#L#M$X$N@hF~4Q$O$"$j$^$7$?!#=1B(B<B=
R>=1B$BEvA3$J$,$iM'?M$+$iOC$r<u$1$?$H$-!"$O$8$a$OH>?.H>5?$G$7$?!#=1B(B<BR=
>=1B$B$7$+$7:#$O0c$$$^$9!#7r9/?)IJ$H#e%3%^!<%9$G$O!"A4$/;v>p$,JQ2=3D$7$^$=
9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B$h$/$*9M$($/$@$5$$!#=1B(B<BR>=1B$B;v6H3HBg%9%T!<%I$,A4$F$r@=
)$9$k%$%s%?!<%M%C%H$N@$3&$K$*$$$F!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B@$3&Cf$N8D?M$r:GBg8B3hMQ=
$G$-$k#M#L#M$[$I9gCW$7$?$b$N$O$"$j$^$;$s!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$A$J$_$K#47n#2#6F|H/Gd$N!c#B!]#i#n#g!d$H!c$H$i$P!<$f!d=1B(B=
=20
<BR>=1B$B$=3D$7$F!!#57n#1#0F|H/Gd$N!c#B!]#i#n#g!d$G$b5a?M9-9p$,7G:\$5$l$^=
$7$?!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$$$+$,$o$7$$CDBN$N%S%8%M%9$G$O@dBP$K$J$$$3$H$N>ZL@$G$b$"$j$^$9!#=
=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$3$N<j$N%S%8%M%9$G!"%j%/%k!<%H<R$N87$7$$4k6H?3::$r%Q%9$7!"=1B=
(B=20
<BR>=1B$B5a?M9-9p$N<B;\$,5v$5$l$k$N$O!"=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$h$[$I$N4k6H$G$J$1$l$P!"@dBP$KIT2DG=3D$J$3$H$@$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#=1B=
(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!a!=
a!a!a!a!a=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$3$N$h$&$K8=3D:_$O!c#C#P>R2p<T%k!<%H$N$_$N2>EPO?4|=
4V!d$N$?$a!"=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$BHs>o$K8B$i$l$?>pJs$NCf$GH=3DCG$7$F$$$?$@$/$7$+$"$j$^$;$s!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$=3D$l$G$b2r$C$F$$$?$@$1$kJ}$K$7$+%A%c%s%9$O$3$J$$$H$$$&$3$H$G$9=
!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$BEvA3$J$,$i#67n#5F|$^$G$N2>EPO?4|4VCf$OEPO?HqMQ$O$+$+$j$^$;$=
s!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$BL5NA$G2>EPO?$r:Q$^$;$F$*$-!"#77n#1F|%9%?!<%H$7$F$+$i$b!"=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$b$7!"ITK~$,$"$l$P%/!<%j%s%0%*%U!J#8F|4V!K$b$G$-$^$9!#=1B(B =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B8=3DCJ3,$G$O<+:n%[!<%`%Z!<%8Ey$G$N@kEA$O6X;_$5$l$F$^$9$7=1B=
(B=20
<BR>=1B$B%i%j!<$d%_!<%F%#%s%0$N$h$&$J3hF0$b8=3D:_9T$o$l$F$$$^$;$s!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$f$($K8XBg$JI=3D8=3D$N4+M6$,HEMt$7$F$$$^$9$,OG$o$5$l$J$$$G$/$@$5=
$$!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$7$+$7$J$,$i!"%S%C%0%A%c%s%9$G$"$k$3$H$K$O4V0c$$$"$j$^$;$s!=
#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B$3$N%a!<%k$r<u<h$k$3$H$,$G$-$?4q@WE*$J$"$J$?$J$i!"=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$BEXNO$7$@$$$G!"7n<}#1#2#0#0K|1_$O=3D=3DJ,$K2DG=3D$J$O$:$G$9!#=1B(=
B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=1B$B4pK\E*$K$O#H#P%9%Z!<%9$N%l%s%?%k$r$O$8$a=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$"$j$=
H$"$i$f$k#e%3%^!<%9%S%8%M%9$r<B;\$9$k$3$H$,$G$-!"=1B(B<BR>=1B$B$=3D$l$,#M=
#L#M%7%9%F%`$G:FG[J,$5$l$k$H$$$&2h4|E*$J%S%8%M%9$G$9!#=1B(B<BR>&nbsp;<BR>=
=1B$B%*%s%i%$%s%^%H%j%C%/%9$G$9$+$i!"%@%&%s$,$+$C$F$K>e$+$i9_$j$F$-$^$9!#=
=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$BA4$/EXNO$;$:$K@.8y$9$k$[$I!"4E$/$O$J$$$G$7$g$&$,!&!&!&=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H$K$D$J$,$k4D6-$5$(;}$C$F$$$l$P@$3&E*%S%8%M%9$,2DG=3D=
$G$9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B#H#P%9%Z!<%9%l%s%?%kHNGd$K4X$7$F$N%3%_%C%7%g%s$O=3D5J'$$$G#=
3#0#0K|1_$^$G!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$BJs=3D7$N;YJ'J}K!$O%P%$%J%j!]$H%^%H%j%C%/%9!"$5$i$K%*!<%S%C%HJ}<0=
$G$9!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$o$+$k$R$H$K$O$o$+$k!"9M$($&$k:G9b$N%7%9%F%`$G$9!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=20
<BR>=1B$B%5!<%S%9$NFbMF$O=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H=3Di?4<T$+$i>e5i<T$^$GK~B-$G$-$k%5!<%S%9$,B7$$$^$9=
!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B$3$l$@$1B7$C$FG/2qHq=1B(B\10,000=1B$B!JF~2qHq=1B(B\1,550=1B$BJL!=
K$G$9!#=1B(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B-!#2#0%a%,0J>e$N%[!<%`%Z!<%8=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B-"4JC1$G$*$7$c$l$J:n@.%D!<%k=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B-#=1B(BE=1B$B%3%^!<%9=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B-$%W%m%P%$%@!<%5!<%S%9=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B-%40`z$J%+%9%?%^!<%5!<%S%9Ey=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$5$^$6$^$J6HBV$r4^$`Am9g%S%8%M%9$G$9!#=1B(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>=1B$B2?EY$b?=3D$7>e$2$^$9$,=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B8=3D:_$^$@2>EPO?$NJg=3D8$J$N$G$*6b$O$+$+$j$^$;$s!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$*;YJ'$$$O#67nCf=3D\$G$9!#2q<R$N%[!<%`%Z!<%8$r$h$/$4Mw$/$@$=
5$$!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B#77n$N@$3&0l@F%0%i%s%I%*!<%W%s;~$KEPO?$9$k$+$I$&$+7h$a$F2<$5$$!#=
=1B(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$BK\EPO?$N:]$NEPO?HqMQ$O!o#1#1=1B(B,=1B$B#5#0#0$@$1!JG/4V!K0l=
?M0l8}8BDj$G$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B$?$@$7!"2q<R!";R6!!J?F$N>5BzI,MW!K$NEPO?$b#O#K$G$9!#=1B(B =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B2>EPO?$GM-Mx$J%]%8%7%g%s$N3NJ]$r$7$F$*$$$FM_$7$$$N$G$9!#=1B=
(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=20
<BR>=1B$BEPO?$N;EJ}$O4JC1$G$9!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$^$:$O!"%[!<%`%Z!<%8$r3+$$$F3NG'$7$F2<$5$$!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$BI,$:A4$F$r$*FI$_$$$?$@$-!"$4<+?H$N@UG$$G2>EPO?$K$*?J$_$/$@$5$$!#=
=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>=1B$B2q<R$N>R2p$N#H#P=1B(B<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.starweb21.com/">http://www.starweb21.com/</A>=20
<BR>=1B$B$+$J$i$:$h$/$*FI$_$/$@$5$$!#4V0c$C$?>pJs$,HEMt$7$F$$$k$h$&$G$9!#=
=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$BF~$j8}%Z!<%8$N%*%l%s%8?'$N!c=1B(BWARNING=1B$B!d$OI,?\$G$9!#=1B(B=
=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B#H#P$N:8%5%$%I$K=3DD$K#5Ns$N%j%s%/$,$"$j$^$9!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B>\:Y$NM}2r$O!"$3$A$i$+$i$*4j$$$7$^$9!#=1B(B=20
=1B$BI,$:$9$Y$F$K4c$rDL$7$F2<$5$$!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$^$?#Q!u#A$O2<AX$K$5$i$K#3%Z!<%8$"$j$^$9$N$G!"$4Cm0U$/$@$5$$!#=1B=
(B</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B2>EPO?MQ$N>R2p<T#U#R#L=1B(B<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.starweb21.com/cp/mame">http://www.starweb21.com/cp/mam=
e</A>=20
<BR>=1B$B2>EPO?$O!">e5->R2p<T$N#U#R#L$,$J$1$l$P$G$-$^$;$s!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$4<+?H$N@UG$$G!"2>EPO?$O!"$3$A$i$+$i$*4j$$$7$^$9!#=1B(B =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$BESCf$G!V1&!W!V:8!W$N7ONs$rA*Br$9$k>lLL$,=3DP$F$-$^$9$,!"=1B=
(B=20
<BR>=1B$B8=3D:_!"Ev%0%k!<%W$O!V1&7ONs!W$r?d>)$7$F$$$^$9!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$^$:$OA40w$G!"1&7ONs$r6(NO$7$F?-$P$7$F$*$j$^$9!#=1B(B =
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$"$kDxEY$N1&7ONs$r8zN(E*$K3NJ]$G$-$?$HH=3DCG$5$l$?$i!"=1B(B=
=20
<BR>=1B$B$"$J$?$N:87ONs$N3NJ]$K$*0\$j2<$5$$!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B1&7ONs$G<jK!$r$*3X$SD:$$$?8e$J$i!"$?$d$9$/%9%?!<%H$G$-$k$H;W$$$^=
$9!#=1B(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$BEPO?$7$?=3DV4V$K?tL>$N%@%&%s$,>!<j$K$D$/$3$H$,DA$7$/$"$j$^$=
;$s!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B#1IC$r6%$&EPO??t$H$$$&$N$OK\Ev$NOC$G$9!#$9$4$$$3$H$K$J$j$^$9!#=1B=
(B <BR>=1B$B%@%&%s$,>!<j$K$D$$$F$/$kBi8oL#$r@'Hs!"$*3Z$7$_2<$5$$!#=1B(B=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$J$*8f0l?M$NJ}$N#2=3DEEPO?$O$G$-$^$;$s!#=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$BH/3P$9$l$PEPO?<h$j>C$7=3DhJ,$H$J$j$^$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$BF1$8=3D;=3Dj$G$b!"$42HB2!"5Z$S!"?F8"<TF10U$NL$@.G/<T$J$i2DG=3D$G=
$9!#=1B(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$^$?!"K!?M$G$NJLEPO?$O2DG=3D$H$J$C$F$$$^$9!#=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B2>EPO?$r$b$N$7$F!"$"$J$?$N?M@8$K?7$?$J%A%c%s%9$r2C$($F$/$@$5$$!#=
=1B(B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=20
<BR>=1B$B$^$:2<$N2>EPO?=1B(B =
URL=1B$B%U%)!<%`$h$j!V1&!W7ONs$G2>EPO?$r$7$F$/$@$5$$!#=1B(B <BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.starweb21.com/cp/mame">http://www.starweb21.com/cp/mam=
e</A>=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>=1B$B$"$H$O>e5-$N2>EPO?MQ#U#R#L$N1&C<$r!"=1B(B =
<BR>=1B$B$"$J$?$N%K%C%/%M!<%`$K=3Dq$-49$($F!"=1B(B=20
<BR>=1B$B$G$-$k$@$1Aa$/!"$G$-$k8B$jB?$/$N$*M'C#$K65$($F$"$2$^$7$g$&!#=1B(=
B </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=20
<BR>=1B$B$V$7$D$1$JFMA3$N%a!<%k$K:G8e$^$G$*IU$-9g$$$$$?$@$-!"=1B(B<BR>=1B=
$B@?$K$"$j$,$H$&$4$6$$$^$7$?!#=1B(B<BR>=1B$B3'MM$N:#8e$N8fB?1?$r!"$*5'$j?=
=3D$7>e$2$^$9!#=1B(B</FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>=


------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC576.ED15B9A0--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24  1:51:37 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from f1node03.rhrz.uni-bonn.de (node03.rhrz.uni-bonn.de [131.220.18.133])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6469D37BC0A
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 01:51:32 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from uzs106@ibm.rhrz.uni-bonn.de)
Received: from moritz.alleswirdgelber (ascend-tk-p24.dialin.uni-bonn.de [131.220.244.24])
	by f1node03.rhrz.uni-bonn.de (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA37772
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 10:50:15 +0200
Received: from localhost (uzs106@localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by moritz.alleswirdgelber (8.9.2/8.9.2) with ESMTP id XAA00373
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Tue, 23 May 2000 23:45:15 +0200 (CEST)
	(envelope-from uzs106@ibm.rhrz.uni-bonn.de)
Date: Tue, 23 May 2000 23:45:15 +0200 (CEST)
From: Heiko Recktenwald <uzs106@ibm.rhrz.uni-bonn.de>
X-Sender: uzs106@moritz.alleswirdgelber
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: man's bold text
In-Reply-To: <392AB9BC.872B0BAB@gorean.org>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.05.10005232344020.357-100000@moritz.alleswirdgelber>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> 	Now it's time to do some reading in a different source. :)
> http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/tutorials/new-users/index.html is a good start,
> and contains the answer to your exact question here (Thanks Annelise :).

man bla | col -b >bla.txt



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24  2:47:10 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.rdc2.on.home.com (ha1.rdc2.on.home.com [24.9.0.15])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6DFFF37BC14
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Wed, 24 May 2000 02:46:53 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from generic@unitedtamers.com)
Received: from unitedtamers.com ([24.68.108.236]) by mail.rdc2.on.home.com
          (InterMail vM.4.01.02.17 201-229-119) with ESMTP
          id <20000524094652.UOYI23706.mail.rdc2.on.home.com@unitedtamers.com>
          for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>;
          Wed, 24 May 2000 02:46:52 -0700
Message-ID: <392BA517.6252B36@unitedtamers.com>
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 05:47:03 -0400
From: Generic Player <generic@unitedtamers.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (X11; I; Linux 2.2.12 i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: The horrors of my first custom kernel
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Where to begin.  I wanted to compile a custom kernel to get sound
support and set up a firewall so I could run natd to share my internet
connection.  I failed miserably on both counts.  I have an AWE64 and a
sound image, which is based on the AD1816 chipset from Analog Devices.
Both are ISA PnP.  I added the line device pcm to my kernel, and ran sh
MAKEDEV snd0.  Now when I boot up instead of it finding my sound card
and allocating it resources as UNKNOWN, it makes it snd0, which would
appear to be right.  However, I can't get any sound.  xmms will give me
scratchy staticy noises if I try to play an MP3, but that's about it.  I
tried both the soundcards and got the same results regardless of which
one I had installed.  Any ideas?

Now, for the firewall thing, I commented out the NICs I don't have, and
just left ed0 and xl, because on boot up with the GENERIC kernel it
lists my NICs as ed0 and xl0.  Problem is, it gives me an error that it
can't find the directory if I don't comment out xl.  So, if I use my
custom kernel, I only have one NIC, which isn't ideal for forwarding
packets  :)  Also, it lists ed0 as being an ISA card, but both my NICs
are PCI, should that matter?

Any and all help is appreciated,
Generic Player



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24  4:42:27 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com [24.6.21.74])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7254D37BC97
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 04:42:24 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from conrads@cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com)
Received: (from conrads@localhost)
	by cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA42892;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 06:42:21 -0500 (CDT)
	(envelope-from conrads)
Message-ID: <XFMail.000524064221.conrads@home.com>
X-Mailer: XFMail 1.4.0 on FreeBSD
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <392BA517.6252B36@unitedtamers.com>
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 06:42:21 -0500 (CDT)
Organization: @Home Network
From: Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com>
To: Generic Player <generic@unitedtamers.com>
Subject: RE: The horrors of my first custom kernel
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org


On 24-May-00 Generic Player wrote:
> Where to begin.  I wanted to compile a custom kernel to get sound
> support and set up a firewall so I could run natd to share my internet
> connection.  I failed miserably on both counts.  I have an AWE64 and a
> sound image, which is based on the AD1816 chipset from Analog Devices.
> Both are ISA PnP.  I added the line device pcm to my kernel, and ran sh
> MAKEDEV snd0.  Now when I boot up instead of it finding my sound card
> and allocating it resources as UNKNOWN, it makes it snd0, which would
> appear to be right.  However, I can't get any sound.  xmms will give me
> scratchy staticy noises if I try to play an MP3, but that's about it.  I
> tried both the soundcards and got the same results regardless of which
> one I had installed.  Any ideas?

Well, for one thing, for the AWE64 you also need the line:

device sbc

Then, since you have two sound devices in your machine, you also need to do a
"MAKEDEV snd1", otherwise bothdevices will be competing for the same resources.

> Now, for the firewall thing, I commented out the NICs I don't have, and
> just left ed0 and xl, because on boot up with the GENERIC kernel it
> lists my NICs as ed0 and xl0.  Problem is, it gives me an error that it
> can't find the directory if I don't comment out xl.  So, if I use my
> custom kernel, I only have one NIC, which isn't ideal for forwarding
> packets  :)  Also, it lists ed0 as being an ISA card, but both my NICs
> are PCI, should that matter?

If both cards are PCI, then you're enabling the wrong entries.  Look under the
PCI network interfaces section instead.

-- 
Conrad Sabatier
http://members.home.net/conrads/
ICQ# 1147270



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24  4:45:48 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com [24.6.21.74])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3E70637B522
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 04:45:46 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from conrads@cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com)
Received: (from conrads@localhost)
	by cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id GAA42916;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 06:45:45 -0500 (CDT)
	(envelope-from conrads)
Message-ID: <XFMail.000524064544.conrads@home.com>
X-Mailer: XFMail 1.4.0 on FreeBSD
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <20000523133922.31498.qmail@hotmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 06:45:44 -0500 (CDT)
Organization: @Home Network
From: Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com>
To: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
Subject: RE: I've tried them all. They all work :)
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org


On 23-May-00 Dimitrios T. wrote:
> 
> And about chopping off the .txt extension:
> 
>>Darren Wyn Rees <merlin@netlink.co.uk> adviced:
> 
>>for f in *
>>do
>>FNEW=`echo $f | sed -e 's/\.txt$//'`
>>        mv $f $FNEW
>>done
> 
> This one looks more mysterious than previous suggestions
> ( like for example:    do mv $f ${f%%.txt} done   )
> but works just fine, all of the same :) Thanks Darren!
> 
> I think I better go and look at sed's man-page once more..

Actually, there's an easier way:

for f in *
do
        mv $f `basename $f .txt`
done

man basename for more info.

-- 
Conrad Sabatier
http://members.home.net/conrads/
ICQ# 1147270



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24  6:22: 7 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hotmail.com (f219.law9.hotmail.com [64.4.9.219])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 0CDF037BCB0
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 06:22:04 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from midios3@hotmail.com)
Received: (qmail 46113 invoked by uid 0); 24 May 2000 13:22:03 -0000
Message-ID: <20000524132203.46112.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 195.66.101.73 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 06:22:03 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [195.66.101.73]
From: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: amazing
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 13:22:03 GMT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

hi,

Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com> wrote:

>Actually, there's an easier way:
>
>for f in *
>do
>         mv $f `basename $f .txt`
>done

Amazing how many different ways there are to do things, no?
:-)

Dimitri
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24 10:38:27 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hotmail.com (f208.law7.hotmail.com [216.33.237.208])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 08AE237B77E
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Wed, 24 May 2000 10:38:26 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from pc0294@hotmail.com)
Received: (qmail 16770 invoked by uid 0); 24 May 2000 17:38:24 -0000
Message-ID: <20000524173824.16769.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 209.249.141.196 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 10:38:24 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [209.249.141.196]
Reply-To: peter@collison.com
From: "Yogi Kudu" <pc0294@hotmail.com>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org
Subject: Printing to networked HP laserwriter 
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 10:38:24 PDT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org



Could someone help?  I would really like to use freeBSD but need to make 
sure I can get some basic services before I invest much more time in it.

I need to print to a network laser printer (HP Laserwriter 2100TN) which has 
a JetDirect 600N card and I believe I have set up the /etc/printcap file 
correctly however when I attempt to send a job to the printer I get an 
"unknown printer" error.

I have tried restarting the lpd daemon to make sure it's reading the 
printcap file.  Same error.

I don't believe this is a kernel issue.

Thank you in advance,

Swami
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24 11: 6:58 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from freedom.cybertouch.org (freedom.cybertouch.org [216.126.88.51])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CF18637BD1C
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 11:06:53 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from lnb@freedom.cybertouch.org)
Received: from localhost (lnb@localhost)
	by freedom.cybertouch.org (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA97091;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 14:05:58 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 14:05:58 -0400 (EDT)
From: Lanny Baron <lnb@freedom.cybertouch.org>
To: peter@collison.com
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Printing to networked HP laserwriter 
In-Reply-To: <20000524173824.16769.qmail@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.10.10005241405150.97070-100000@freedom.cybertouch.org>
City: Thornhill
Province: Ontario
Country: Canada
Telephone: (905) 763-1900
Fax: (905) 763-0241
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Hi,
Did you try to install apsfilter? /usr/ports/print/apsfilter

Give that a try.

Regards,

Lanny


On Wed, 24 May 2000, Yogi Kudu wrote:

>
>
>Could someone help?  I would really like to use freeBSD but need to make 
>sure I can get some basic services before I invest much more time in it.
>
>I need to print to a network laser printer (HP Laserwriter 2100TN) which has 
>a JetDirect 600N card and I believe I have set up the /etc/printcap file 
>correctly however when I attempt to send a job to the printer I get an 
>"unknown printer" error.
>
>I have tried restarting the lpd daemon to make sure it's reading the 
>printcap file.  Same error.
>
>I don't believe this is a kernel issue.
>
>Thank you in advance,
>
>Swami
>________________________________________________________________________
>Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com
>
>
>
>To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
>with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
>



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24 12: 2:11 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from f1node03.rhrz.uni-bonn.de (node03.rhrz.uni-bonn.de [131.220.18.133])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id EC6FB37B698
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 12:02:05 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from uzs106@ibm.rhrz.uni-bonn.de)
Received: from moritz.alleswirdgelber (ascend-tk-p204.dialin.uni-bonn.de [131.220.244.204])
	by f1node03.rhrz.uni-bonn.de (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id VAA84368;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 21:00:47 +0200
Received: from localhost (uzs106@localhost [127.0.0.1])
	by moritz.alleswirdgelber (8.9.2/8.9.2) with ESMTP id TAA01368;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 19:25:25 +0200 (CEST)
	(envelope-from uzs106@ibm.rhrz.uni-bonn.de)
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 19:25:24 +0200 (CEST)
From: Heiko Recktenwald <uzs106@ibm.rhrz.uni-bonn.de>
X-Sender: uzs106@moritz.alleswirdgelber
To: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: I've tried them all. They all work :)
In-Reply-To: <20000523133922.31498.qmail@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.05.10005241924440.1358-100000@moritz.alleswirdgelber>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> I think I better go and look at sed's man-page once more..

Or PERL.

I wish I could do it ;-)

H.



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24 12: 5:22 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mrs-1.smartworld.net (mrs-1-fix.smartworld.net [216.70.64.24])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1958C37BD65
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 12:05:18 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from beesea@freewwweb.com)
Received: from freewwweb.com (ppp-80.tnt-1.nyc.smartworld.net [64.38.8.80])
	by mrs-1.smartworld.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id PAA83067
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 15:05:24 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <392C2834.EB99F7BF@freewwweb.com>
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 15:06:28 -0400
From: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: problem with startup files
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

what's up everyone?

i've just intalled freebsd, and i'm encountering a weird problem.  my
.profile and .shrc don't seem to be executed at startup.  i can tell
because when i use env at the prompt, some of the environment variables
are different from what i set in my .profile (i.e. path), and some
aren't even set at all.  also, i've made sure that i exported all the
variables because i originally thought that was the problem.

does anyone know what is wrong?

thanks,
bc



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24 15:24:49 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.rdc2.on.home.com (ha1.rdc2.on.home.com [24.9.0.15])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4044B37BD8A
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Wed, 24 May 2000 15:24:41 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from generic@unitedtamers.com)
Received: from unitedtamers.com ([24.68.108.236]) by mail.rdc2.on.home.com
          (InterMail vM.4.01.02.17 201-229-119) with ESMTP
          id <20000524222439.OOPQ23706.mail.rdc2.on.home.com@unitedtamers.com>;
          Wed, 24 May 2000 15:24:40 -0700
Message-ID: <392C56B2.41AE8B86@unitedtamers.com>
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 18:24:50 -0400
From: Generic Player <generic@unitedtamers.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (X11; I; Linux 2.2.12 i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com>, freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: The horrors of my first custom kernel (still)
References: <XFMail.000524064221.conrads@home.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Conrad Sabatier wrote:

> On 24-May-00 Generic Player wrote:
> > Where to begin.  I wanted to compile a custom kernel to get sound
> > support and set up a firewall so I could run natd to share my internet
> > connection.  I failed miserably on both counts.  I have an AWE64 and a
> > sound image, which is based on the AD1816 chipset from Analog Devices.
> > Both are ISA PnP.  I added the line device pcm to my kernel, and ran sh
> > MAKEDEV snd0.  Now when I boot up instead of it finding my sound card
> > and allocating it resources as UNKNOWN, it makes it snd0, which would
> > appear to be right.  However, I can't get any sound.  xmms will give me
> > scratchy staticy noises if I try to play an MP3, but that's about it.  I
> > tried both the soundcards and got the same results regardless of which
> > one I had installed.  Any ideas?
>
> Well, for one thing, for the AWE64 you also need the line:
>
> device sbc
>
> Then, since you have two sound devices in your machine, you also need to do a
> "MAKEDEV snd1", otherwise bothdevices will be competing for the same resources.
>
>

Sorry, I wasn't clear about the sound cards.  I have 2 soundcards laying around, I
was only trying to get either one of them to work, not both at the same time.
Right now I have the AWE64 installed, I added device sbc like you said, and now
I still get no sound.  Everything gives me an error telling me my soundcard is
missing or not configured.  When my system boots up, it lists for my soundcard the
following

sbc0: setting card to irq 5, drq 1, 5
pcm0: <SB DSP 4.16> on sbc0

I am running FreeBSD 4-release by the way.  Thanks again.


> > Now, for the firewall thing, I commented out the NICs I don't have, and
> > just left ed0 and xl, because on boot up with the GENERIC kernel it
> > lists my NICs as ed0 and xl0.  Problem is, it gives me an error that it
> > can't find the directory if I don't comment out xl.  So, if I use my
> > custom kernel, I only have one NIC, which isn't ideal for forwarding
> > packets  :)  Also, it lists ed0 as being an ISA card, but both my NICs
> > are PCI, should that matter?
>
> If both cards are PCI, then you're enabling the wrong entries.  Look under the
> PCI network interfaces section instead.
>
> --
> Conrad Sabatier
> http://members.home.net/conrads/
> ICQ# 1147270



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Wed May 24 16:13: 4 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from dns2.seanet.com (dns2.seanet.com [199.181.164.2])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9BEE437B975
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Wed, 24 May 2000 16:13:00 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goodleaf@goodleaf.net)
Received: from clyde.goodleaf.net (piscator.seanet.com [199.181.165.218])
	by dns2.seanet.com (8.9.3/8.9.0) with ESMTP id QAA10685;
	Wed, 24 May 2000 16:12:56 -0700 (PDT)
Date: Wed, 24 May 2000 16:23:04 -0700 (PDT)
From: "J. Goodleaf" <goodleaf@goodleaf.net>
To: Generic Player <generic@unitedtamers.com>
Cc: Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com>, freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: The horrors of my first custom kernel (still)
In-Reply-To: <392C56B2.41AE8B86@unitedtamers.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0005241621570.38972-100000@clyde.goodleaf.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Regarding the NIC issue, did you comment out miibus support? If you did,
that will definitely cause you grief when trying to compile with the 3Com
(xl) device.
-J

On Wed, 24 May 2000, Generic Player wrote:

> Conrad Sabatier wrote:
> 
> > On 24-May-00 Generic Player wrote:
> > > Where to begin.  I wanted to compile a custom kernel to get sound
> > > support and set up a firewall so I could run natd to share my internet
> > > connection.  I failed miserably on both counts.  I have an AWE64 and a
> > > sound image, which is based on the AD1816 chipset from Analog Devices.
> > > Both are ISA PnP.  I added the line device pcm to my kernel, and ran sh
> > > MAKEDEV snd0.  Now when I boot up instead of it finding my sound card
> > > and allocating it resources as UNKNOWN, it makes it snd0, which would
> > > appear to be right.  However, I can't get any sound.  xmms will give me
> > > scratchy staticy noises if I try to play an MP3, but that's about it.  I
> > > tried both the soundcards and got the same results regardless of which
> > > one I had installed.  Any ideas?
> >
> > Well, for one thing, for the AWE64 you also need the line:
> >
> > device sbc
> >
> > Then, since you have two sound devices in your machine, you also need to do a
> > "MAKEDEV snd1", otherwise bothdevices will be competing for the same resources.
> >
> >
> 
> Sorry, I wasn't clear about the sound cards.  I have 2 soundcards laying around, I
> was only trying to get either one of them to work, not both at the same time.
> Right now I have the AWE64 installed, I added device sbc like you said, and now
> I still get no sound.  Everything gives me an error telling me my soundcard is
> missing or not configured.  When my system boots up, it lists for my soundcard the
> following
> 
> sbc0: setting card to irq 5, drq 1, 5
> pcm0: <SB DSP 4.16> on sbc0
> 
> I am running FreeBSD 4-release by the way.  Thanks again.
> 
> 
> > > Now, for the firewall thing, I commented out the NICs I don't have, and
> > > just left ed0 and xl, because on boot up with the GENERIC kernel it
> > > lists my NICs as ed0 and xl0.  Problem is, it gives me an error that it
> > > can't find the directory if I don't comment out xl.  So, if I use my
> > > custom kernel, I only have one NIC, which isn't ideal for forwarding
> > > packets  :)  Also, it lists ed0 as being an ISA card, but both my NICs
> > > are PCI, should that matter?
> >
> > If both cards are PCI, then you're enabling the wrong entries.  Look under the
> > PCI network interfaces section instead.
> >
> > --
> > Conrad Sabatier
> > http://members.home.net/conrads/
> > ICQ# 1147270
> 
> 
> 
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
> 
> 



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  0:15: 8 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mrs-3.smartworld.net (mrs-3.smartworld.net [216.70.64.34])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 185C037BDF1
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 00:15:04 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from beesea@freewwweb.com)
Received: from freewwweb.com (ppp-364.tnt-1.nyc.smartworld.net [64.38.9.112])
	by mrs-3.smartworld.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id DAA78521
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 03:14:22 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <392CD307.908859BF@freewwweb.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 03:15:19 -0400
From: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: problems with root
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

i'm having two problems with the root account:

1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
worked fine.

2) this may be the cause of the first problem.  i can't seem to change
the root's shell, or any other settings.  i've written a .profile but it
doesn't seem to get executed.  no matter what i try, root starts with
csh.  since root is starting in csh, i looked at the .login file, and
that doesn't seems to be executed either.  what's even more confusing is
that the .cshrc does seem to get executed.  i also checked the
/etc/csh.cshrc and /etc/csh.login files.  every line is commented out,
so they don't have any executable lines.

some please help!

thanks,
bc



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  0:23:12 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from dt051n0b.san.rr.com (dt051n0b.san.rr.com [204.210.32.11])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8345837BA8C
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 00:23:09 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Received: from gorean.org (doug@master [10.0.0.2])
	by dt051n0b.san.rr.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id AAA65302;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 00:20:54 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Message-ID: <392CD456.F9FF922F@gorean.org>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 00:20:54 -0700
From: Doug Barton <DougB@gorean.org>
Organization: Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Authority
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (X11; U; FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT-0523 i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: problem with startup files
References: <392C2834.EB99F7BF@freewwweb.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Brian Camba wrote:
> 
> what's up everyone?
> 
> i've just intalled freebsd, and i'm encountering a weird problem.  my
> .profile and .shrc don't seem to be executed at startup.  i can tell
> because when i use env at the prompt, some of the environment variables
> are different from what i set in my .profile (i.e. path), and some
> aren't even set at all.  also, i've made sure that i exported all the
> variables because i originally thought that was the problem.
> 
> does anyone know what is wrong?

	Are you sure you're using Bourne shell as your login shell? 

-- 
        "Live free or die"
		- State motto of my ancestral homeland, New Hampshire

	Do YOU Yahoo!?


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  0:39: 5 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mrs-3.smartworld.net (mrs-3.smartworld.net [216.70.64.34])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3F61437B9F1
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 00:39:02 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from beesea@freewwweb.com)
Received: from freewwweb.com (ppp-364.tnt-1.nyc.smartworld.net [64.38.9.112])
	by mrs-3.smartworld.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id DAA19878;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 03:38:35 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <392CD8B5.824714A0@freewwweb.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 03:39:33 -0400
From: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Doug Barton <DougB@gorean.org>,
	freebsd list <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: Re: problem with startup files
References: <392C2834.EB99F7BF@freewwweb.com> <392CD456.F9FF922F@gorean.org>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Doug Barton wrote:

> Brian Camba wrote:
> >
> > what's up everyone?
> >
> > i've just intalled freebsd, and i'm encountering a weird problem.  my
> > .profile and .shrc don't seem to be executed at startup.  i can tell
> > because when i use env at the prompt, some of the environment variables
> > are different from what i set in my .profile (i.e. path), and some
> > aren't even set at all.  also, i've made sure that i exported all the
> > variables because i originally thought that was the problem.
> >
> > does anyone know what is wrong?
>
>         Are you sure you're using Bourne shell as your login shell?

i've figured it out with my regular user account (-ls option for xterm in
the .xsession file).  but that doesn't seem to work for root.  i'm trying to
use the bourne shell with root, but it comes up c shell everytime.  see my
other email, "problems with root"

>
>
> --
>         "Live free or die"
>                 - State motto of my ancestral homeland, New Hampshire
>
>         Do YOU Yahoo!?



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  0:52:29 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mrs-3.smartworld.net (mrs-3.smartworld.net [216.70.64.34])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id F401337B9F1
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 00:52:22 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from beesea@freewwweb.com)
Received: from freewwweb.com (ppp-364.tnt-1.nyc.smartworld.net [64.38.9.112])
	by mrs-3.smartworld.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id DAA58928;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 03:51:41 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <392CDBC7.E35DA93@freewwweb.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 03:52:39 -0400
From: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Jukka =?iso-8859-1?Q?Simil=E4?= <jukka.simila@sveg.se.sykes.com>,
	freebsd list <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: Re: problems with root
References: <8F68F32EB034D311A4A700508B4417D70267BF0C@RATATOSK.sveg.se.sykes.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Jukka Similä wrote:

> How about /.cshrc and /.profile ?

i've written them.  neither of them are executing

>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
> > [mailto:owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG]On Behalf Of Brian Camba
> > Sent: den 25 maj 2000 09:15
> > To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
> > Subject: problems with root
> >
> >
> > i'm having two problems with the root account:
> >
> > 1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
> > then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
> > worked fine.
> >
> > 2) this may be the cause of the first problem.  i can't seem to change
> > the root's shell, or any other settings.  i've written a
> > .profile but it
> > doesn't seem to get executed.  no matter what i try, root starts with
> > csh.  since root is starting in csh, i looked at the .login file, and
> > that doesn't seems to be executed either.  what's even more
> > confusing is
> > that the .cshrc does seem to get executed.  i also checked the
> > /etc/csh.cshrc and /etc/csh.login files.  every line is commented out,
> > so they don't have any executable lines.
> >
> > some please help!
> >
> > thanks,
> > bc
> >
> >
> >
> > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
> >



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  0:55:32 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mrs-1.smartworld.net (mrs-1-fix.smartworld.net [216.70.64.24])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3F84137B9F1
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 00:55:27 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from beesea@freewwweb.com)
Received: from freewwweb.com (ppp-364.tnt-1.nyc.smartworld.net [64.38.9.112])
	by mrs-1.smartworld.net (8.9.1a/8.9.1) with ESMTP id DAA61876
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 03:55:33 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <392CDCB5.DEDFDBB3@freewwweb.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 03:56:37 -0400
From: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: freebsd list <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: Re: problems with root
References: <8F68F32EB034D311A4A700508B4417D70267BF0C@RATATOSK.sveg.se.sykes.com> <392CDBC7.E35DA93@freewwweb.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Brian Camba wrote:

> Jukka Similä wrote:
>
> > How about /.cshrc and /.profile ?
>
> i've written them.  neither of them are executing

sorry about that.  i misread it.  yes, i have check those as well.  and they
are all commented out.

>

>
>
> >
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
> > > [mailto:owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG]On Behalf Of Brian Camba
> > > Sent: den 25 maj 2000 09:15
> > > To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
> > > Subject: problems with root
> > >
> > >
> > > i'm having two problems with the root account:
> > >
> > > 1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
> > > then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
> > > worked fine.
> > >
> > > 2) this may be the cause of the first problem.  i can't seem to change
> > > the root's shell, or any other settings.  i've written a
> > > .profile but it
> > > doesn't seem to get executed.  no matter what i try, root starts with
> > > csh.  since root is starting in csh, i looked at the .login file, and
> > > that doesn't seems to be executed either.  what's even more
> > > confusing is
> > > that the .cshrc does seem to get executed.  i also checked the
> > > /etc/csh.cshrc and /etc/csh.login files.  every line is commented out,
> > > so they don't have any executable lines.
> > >
> > > some please help!
> > >
> > > thanks,
> > > bc
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> > > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
> > >
>
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  0:59: 3 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.malawi.net (mail.malawi.net [208.148.169.7])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 34B2D37B637
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 00:58:25 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from hnkhoma@malawi.net)
Received: from two (two.malawi.net [208.148.169.2])
	by mail.malawi.net (8.10.0/8.10.0) with SMTP id e4P9wn707645
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 11:58:59 +0200 (CAT)
Message-ID: <002501bfc61e$f5c4b0d0$02a994d0@malawi.net>
Reply-To: "Herbert Nkhoma" <hnkhoma@malawi.net>
From: "Herbert Nkhoma" <hnkhoma@malawi.net>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Subject: Starting X Windows
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 09:57:56 +0200
Organization: MalawiNet Limited
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0022_01BFC62F.B330B6E0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0022_01BFC62F.B330B6E0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello everyone,

I want to know this. How can I start x windows from another terminal. =
Starting it fro the console works fine.

Herbert

------=_NextPart_000_0022_01BFC62F.B330B6E0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000080 face=3DTahoma>Hello everyone,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000080 face=3DTahoma>I want to know this. How can I =
start x=20
windows from another terminal. Starting it fro the console works=20
fine.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000080 =
face=3DTahoma>Herbert</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0022_01BFC62F.B330B6E0--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  1:26: 1 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from scaup.prod.itd.earthlink.net (scaup.prod.itd.earthlink.net [207.217.121.49])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 447A237B5DD
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 01:25:55 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from bl29x5@earthlink.net)
Received: from localhost.localdomain (dialup-63.208.87.118.Stamford1.Level3.net [63.208.87.118])
	by scaup.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id BAA27080;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 01:25:52 -0700 (PDT)
From: Mike Boto <bl29x5@earthlink.net>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: problems with root
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 04:19:57 -0400
X-Mailer: KMail [version 1.0.28]
Content-Type: text/plain
References: <8F68F32EB034D311A4A700508B4417D70267BF0C@RATATOSK.sveg.se.sykes.com> <392CDBC7.E35DA93@freewwweb.com> <392CDCB5.DEDFDBB3@freewwweb.com>
In-Reply-To: <392CDCB5.DEDFDBB3@freewwweb.com>
Cc: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Message-Id: <00052504224500.01577@localhost.localdomain>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Have you tried just doing it manually via the chpass command or did you already
say you have, in which case I've merely overlooked it?

$ chpass -s /usr/bin/bash (or whatever the pathname is)


On Thu, 25 May 2000, you wrote:
> Brian Camba wrote:
> 
> > Jukka Similä wrote:
> >
> > > How about /.cshrc and /.profile ?
> >
> > i've written them.  neither of them are executing
> 
> sorry about that.  i misread it.  yes, i have check those as well.  and they
> are all commented out.
> 


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  1:26:23 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from deborah.paradise.net.nz (deborah.paradise.net.nz [203.96.152.32])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B024937B5DD
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 01:26:04 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from rshea@opendoor.co.nz)
Received: from shea (203-96-146-103.tnt2.paradise.net.nz [203.96.146.103])
	by deborah.paradise.net.nz (8.10.0/8.10.0) with SMTP id e4P8Q1D05266
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 20:26:02 +1200
Message-Id: <200005250826.e4P8Q1D05266@deborah.paradise.net.nz>
From: rshea@opendoor.co.nz
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 20:26:34 +1200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Subject: Necessary to use a UPS ?
X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Win32 (v3.01d)
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Hi - I'm sorry if this is a FAQ but I can't find it mentioned 
elsewhere. I'm planning to install FreeBSD on an old PC but I'm 
concerned that I don't have an uninterruptible power supply. 

I thought I had heard that Unix file systems could get very nastily 
twisted when they were powered down unexpectedly but I don't see 
any reference to the necessity for them in the various FreeBSD 
books/web pages I have read.

What's the worse thing that can happen ? The machine will be 
initially only be used for a 'play web server'.

Interested in your thoughts/experiences.

richard shea.


*****************************************************
Open Door Ltd
PO Box 119-46
Wellington

PH 04 384 7639
FX 04 384 7672
*****************************************************


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  1:40:26 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from snipe.prod.itd.earthlink.net (snipe.prod.itd.earthlink.net [207.217.120.62])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9EEDC37B517
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 01:40:24 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from bl29x5@earthlink.net)
Received: from localhost.localdomain (dialup-63.208.87.118.Stamford1.Level3.net [63.208.87.118])
	by snipe.prod.itd.earthlink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id BAA01423;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 01:40:17 -0700 (PDT)
From: Mike Boto <bl29x5@earthlink.net>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Necessary to use a UPS ?
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 04:33:57 -0400
X-Mailer: KMail [version 1.0.28]
Content-Type: text/plain
References: <200005250826.e4P8Q1D05266@deborah.paradise.net.nz>
In-Reply-To: <200005250826.e4P8Q1D05266@deborah.paradise.net.nz>
Cc: rshea@opendoor.co.nz
MIME-Version: 1.0
Message-Id: <00052504370901.01577@localhost.localdomain>
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I wouldn't call it necessary.  Good preparedness perhaps, but not necessary.
Refer to http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/backup-programs.html Section 11.3.8 for
more information on how to prepare for an "unscheduled shutdown" using a few
floppy disks and tools already found in the FreeBSD distribution.

On Thu, 25 May 2000, you wrote:
> Hi - I'm sorry if this is a FAQ but I can't find it mentioned 
> elsewhere. I'm planning to install FreeBSD on an old PC but I'm 
> concerned that I don't have an uninterruptible power supply. 
> 
> I thought I had heard that Unix file systems could get very nastily 
> twisted when they were powered down unexpectedly but I don't see 
> any reference to the necessity for them in the various FreeBSD 
> books/web pages I have read.
> 
> What's the worse thing that can happen ? The machine will be 
> initially only be used for a 'play web server'.
> 
> Interested in your thoughts/experiences.
> 
> richard shea.
> 
> 
> *****************************************************
> Open Door Ltd
> PO Box 119-46
> Wellington
> 
> PH 04 384 7639
> FX 04 384 7672
> *****************************************************
> 
> 
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  3:18:59 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.rdc2.on.home.com (ha1.rdc2.on.home.com [24.9.0.15])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CC37837B60E
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Thu, 25 May 2000 03:18:35 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from generic@unitedtamers.com)
Received: from x ([24.68.108.236]) by mail.rdc2.on.home.com
          (InterMail vM.4.01.02.17 201-229-119) with SMTP
          id <20000525101834.FNBO23706.mail.rdc2.on.home.com@x>;
          Thu, 25 May 2000 03:18:34 -0700
Message-ID: <002801bfc632$9d2a9020$ec6c4418@x>
From: "Generic Player" <generic@unitedtamers.com>
To: "J. Goodleaf" <goodleaf@goodleaf.net>
Cc: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
References: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0005241621570.38972-100000@clyde.goodleaf.net>
Subject: Re: The horrors of my first custom kernel (still)
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 06:18:47 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6700
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org


----- Original Message -----
From: "J. Goodleaf" <goodleaf@goodleaf.net>
To: "Generic Player" <generic@unitedtamers.com>
Cc: "Conrad Sabatier" <conrads@home.com>; <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Sent: Wednesday, May 24, 2000 7:23 PM
Subject: Re: The horrors of my first custom kernel (still)


> Regarding the NIC issue, did you comment out miibus support? If you did,
> that will definitely cause you grief when trying to compile with the 3Com
> (xl) device.
> -J
>

Yes, that's exactly what it was, thanks.


> On Wed, 24 May 2000, Generic Player wrote:
>
> > Conrad Sabatier wrote:
> >
> > > On 24-May-00 Generic Player wrote:
> > > > Where to begin.  I wanted to compile a custom kernel to get sound
> > > > support and set up a firewall so I could run natd to share my
internet
> > > > connection.  I failed miserably on both counts.  I have an AWE64 and
a
> > > > sound image, which is based on the AD1816 chipset from Analog
Devices.
> > > > Both are ISA PnP.  I added the line device pcm to my kernel, and ran
sh
> > > > MAKEDEV snd0.  Now when I boot up instead of it finding my sound
card
> > > > and allocating it resources as UNKNOWN, it makes it snd0, which
would
> > > > appear to be right.  However, I can't get any sound.  xmms will give
me
> > > > scratchy staticy noises if I try to play an MP3, but that's about
it.  I
> > > > tried both the soundcards and got the same results regardless of
which
> > > > one I had installed.  Any ideas?
> > >
> > > Well, for one thing, for the AWE64 you also need the line:
> > >
> > > device sbc
> > >
> > > Then, since you have two sound devices in your machine, you also need
to do a
> > > "MAKEDEV snd1", otherwise bothdevices will be competing for the same
resources.
> > >
> > >
> >
> > Sorry, I wasn't clear about the sound cards.  I have 2 soundcards laying
around, I
> > was only trying to get either one of them to work, not both at the same
time.
> > Right now I have the AWE64 installed, I added device sbc like you said,
and now
> > I still get no sound.  Everything gives me an error telling me my
soundcard is
> > missing or not configured.  When my system boots up, it lists for my
soundcard the
> > following
> >
> > sbc0: setting card to irq 5, drq 1, 5
> > pcm0: <SB DSP 4.16> on sbc0
> >
> > I am running FreeBSD 4-release by the way.  Thanks again.
> >
> >
> > > > Now, for the firewall thing, I commented out the NICs I don't have,
and
> > > > just left ed0 and xl, because on boot up with the GENERIC kernel it
> > > > lists my NICs as ed0 and xl0.  Problem is, it gives me an error that
it
> > > > can't find the directory if I don't comment out xl.  So, if I use my
> > > > custom kernel, I only have one NIC, which isn't ideal for forwarding
> > > > packets  :)  Also, it lists ed0 as being an ISA card, but both my
NICs
> > > > are PCI, should that matter?
> > >
> > > If both cards are PCI, then you're enabling the wrong entries.  Look
under the
> > > PCI network interfaces section instead.
> > >
> > > --
> > > Conrad Sabatier
> > > http://members.home.net/conrads/
> > > ICQ# 1147270
> >
> >
> >
> > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> > with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
> >
> >
>
>
>
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
>



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  5:23:48 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com [24.6.21.74])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3716737BF82
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Thu, 25 May 2000 05:23:45 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from conrads@cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com)
Received: (from conrads@localhost)
	by cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA68911;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 07:23:37 -0500 (CDT)
	(envelope-from conrads)
Message-ID: <XFMail.000525072337.conrads@home.com>
X-Mailer: XFMail 1.4.0 on FreeBSD
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <392C56B2.41AE8B86@unitedtamers.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 07:23:37 -0500 (CDT)
Organization: @Home Network
From: Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com>
To: Generic Player <generic@unitedtamers.com>
Subject: Re: The horrors of my first custom kernel (still)
Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> 
> Sorry, I wasn't clear about the sound cards.  I have 2 soundcards laying
> around, I
> was only trying to get either one of them to work, not both at the same time.
> Right now I have the AWE64 installed, I added device sbc like you said, and
> now
> I still get no sound.  Everything gives me an error telling me my soundcard
> is
> missing or not configured.  When my system boots up, it lists for my
> soundcard the
> following
> 
> sbc0: setting card to irq 5, drq 1, 5
> pcm0: <SB DSP 4.16> on sbc0
> 
> I am running FreeBSD 4-release by the way.  Thanks again.

Do you also have "options PNPBIOS" in you config?

-- 
Conrad Sabatier
http://members.home.net/conrads/
ICQ# 1147270



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  5:33:56 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com [24.6.21.74])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B4DF137C02C
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 05:33:49 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from conrads@cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com)
Received: (from conrads@localhost)
	by cx344940-a.meta1.la.home.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA68951;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 07:33:47 -0500 (CDT)
	(envelope-from conrads)
Message-ID: <XFMail.000525073347.conrads@home.com>
X-Mailer: XFMail 1.4.0 on FreeBSD
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <392CD307.908859BF@freewwweb.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 07:33:47 -0500 (CDT)
Organization: @Home Network
From: Conrad Sabatier <conrads@home.com>
To: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
Subject: RE: problems with root
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org


On 25-May-00 Brian Camba wrote:
> i'm having two problems with the root account:
> 
> 1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
> then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
> worked fine.

Does root have an .xsession file in his home directory?  With executable
permissions?

> 2) this may be the cause of the first problem.  i can't seem to change
> the root's shell, or any other settings.

You mean "chsh" doesn't work?

-- 
Conrad Sabatier
http://members.home.net/conrads/
ICQ# 1147270



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  7: 4:28 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from gargoyle.apana.org.au (brisba6.lnk.telstra.net [139.130.66.200])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 79CE137C1F2
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 07:04:16 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au)
Received: (from uucp@localhost)
	by gargoyle.apana.org.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) id AAA20908;
	Fri, 26 May 2000 00:04:00 +1000 (EST)
	(envelope-from dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au)
Received: from roadrunner.apana.org.au(203.3.126.132), claiming to be "ROADRUNNER"
 via SMTP by gargoyle.apana.org.au, id smtpdt20905; Fri May 26 00:03:57 2000
Message-ID: <048a01bfc652$90ca2cd0$847e03cb@ROADRUNNER>
From: "Doug Young" <dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au>
To: <rshea@opendoor.co.nz>, <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
References: <200005250826.e4P8Q1D05266@deborah.paradise.net.nz>
Subject: Re: Necessary to use a UPS ?
Date: Fri, 26 May 2000 00:07:26 +1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.5600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.5600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I've got a bunch of FreeBSD setups running Apache, only two have UPS.
The power supply in many areas of Brisbane (Queensland) ranges from
fair to quite poor, particularly for locations near industrial estates & big
shopping centres. I've seen supply voltage fluctuations in those areas
between 190V & 280V in a matter of minutes (supposed to be 230 -
240), and short term blackouts are quite common in many other as well.
Energex typically blames trees touching the wires, however one has to wonder
since most power here is underground. So far I've only had one FreeBSD
system that got so badly corrupted it needed a reinstall, however before
I ran FreeBSD I had various incarnations of linux, and those disasters were
so sensitive to just about everything from clouds in the sky to the
girlfriend's
"wrong time of the month" that reinstalls were a daily event.

I did read some thread in the -questions mailing list a few months back
where some expert was talking about differences between linux &
unix filesystems. It was mostly over my head, but the issue seemed to be
something about files being written in a symmetric or  asymmetric format.
The gist of it was that if a FreeBSD box loses power its supposedly less
likely to get mad than a linux one is. While I don't begin to understand
the finer points of that stuff, it sure seems from my experience that view
is correct..
.


----- Original Message -----
From: <rshea@opendoor.co.nz>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Sent: Thursday, May 25, 2000 6:26 PM
Subject: Necessary to use a UPS ?


> Hi - I'm sorry if this is a FAQ but I can't find it mentioned
> elsewhere. I'm planning to install FreeBSD on an old PC but I'm
> concerned that I don't have an uninterruptible power supply.
>
> I thought I had heard that Unix file systems could get very nastily
> twisted when they were powered down unexpectedly but I don't see
> any reference to the necessity for them in the various FreeBSD
> books/web pages I have read.
>
> What's the worse thing that can happen ? The machine will be
> initially only be used for a 'play web server'.
>
> Interested in your thoughts/experiences.
>
> richard shea.
>
>
> *****************************************************
> Open Door Ltd
> PO Box 119-46
> Wellington
>
> PH 04 384 7639
> FX 04 384 7672
> *****************************************************
>
>
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
>



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  7:28: 8 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hodnet.dev.nanoteq.co.za (hodnet.dev.nanoteq.co.za [196.7.114.27])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 393CE37C2B6
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 07:27:59 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from rk@hodnet.dev.nanoteq.co.za)
Received: (from rk@localhost)
	by hodnet.dev.nanoteq.co.za (8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA95704
	for freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG; Thu, 25 May 2000 17:27:18 +0200 (SAST)
	(envelope-from rk)
Message-ID: <XFMail.000525172718.rk@nanoteq.co.za>
X-Mailer: XFMail 1.3 [p0] on FreeBSD
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
MIME-Version: 1.0
In-Reply-To: <048a01bfc652$90ca2cd0$847e03cb@ROADRUNNER>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 17:27:18 +0200 (SAST)
From: Riaan Kruger <rk@nanoteq.co.za>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Necessary to use a UPS ?
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Check out the SOFTUPDATES option in your LINT file
(/usr/src/sys/i386/conf/LINT).  I'm not sure in which verions of FreeBSD it is
available and it it is safe to use it yet.


On 25-May-00 Doug Young wrote:
> I've got a bunch of FreeBSD setups running Apache, only two have UPS.
> The power supply in many areas of Brisbane (Queensland) ranges from
> fair to quite poor, particularly for locations near industrial estates & big
> shopping centres. I've seen supply voltage fluctuations in those areas
> between 190V & 280V in a matter of minutes (supposed to be 230 -
> 240), and short term blackouts are quite common in many other as well.
> Energex typically blames trees touching the wires, however one has to wonder
> since most power here is underground. So far I've only had one FreeBSD
> system that got so badly corrupted it needed a reinstall, however before
> I ran FreeBSD I had various incarnations of linux, and those disasters were
> so sensitive to just about everything from clouds in the sky to the
> girlfriend's
> "wrong time of the month" that reinstalls were a daily event.
> 
> I did read some thread in the -questions mailing list a few months back
> where some expert was talking about differences between linux &
> unix filesystems. It was mostly over my head, but the issue seemed to be
> something about files being written in a symmetric or  asymmetric format.
> The gist of it was that if a FreeBSD box loses power its supposedly less
> likely to get mad than a linux one is. While I don't begin to understand
> the finer points of that stuff, it sure seems from my experience that view
> is correct..
> .
> 
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: <rshea@opendoor.co.nz>
> To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
> Sent: Thursday, May 25, 2000 6:26 PM
> Subject: Necessary to use a UPS ?
> 
> 
>> Hi - I'm sorry if this is a FAQ but I can't find it mentioned
>> elsewhere. I'm planning to install FreeBSD on an old PC but I'm
>> concerned that I don't have an uninterruptible power supply.
>>
>> I thought I had heard that Unix file systems could get very nastily
>> twisted when they were powered down unexpectedly but I don't see
>> any reference to the necessity for them in the various FreeBSD
>> books/web pages I have read.
>>
>> What's the worse thing that can happen ? The machine will be
>> initially only be used for a 'play web server'.
>>
>> Interested in your thoughts/experiences.
>>
>> richard shea.
>>
>>
>> *****************************************************
>> Open Door Ltd
>> PO Box 119-46
>> Wellington
>>
>> PH 04 384 7639
>> FX 04 384 7672
>> *****************************************************
>>
>>
>> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
>> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
>>
> 
> 
> 
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message

----------------------------------
E-Mail: Riaan Kruger <rk@nanoteq.co.za>
Date: 25-May-00
Time: 17:23:49
----------------------------------


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  7:54:29 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from plexus.cst.ca (plexus.CST.CA [207.139.176.42])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A535F37C36D
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Thu, 25 May 2000 07:54:25 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from simonv@cst.ca)
Received: from apollo.cst.ca (apollo.cst.ca [193.77.49.44])
	by plexus.cst.ca (8.9.3/1.0.1) with ESMTP id KAA32328
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>; Thu, 25 May 2000 10:54:25 -0400
Received: from pc175 (pc-175.CST.CA [193.77.49.91]) by apollo.cst.ca with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2650.21)
	id K0ZKZK9Z; Thu, 25 May 2000 10:54:24 -0400
Message-ID: <04c801bfc658$e33dc0c0$5b314dc1@cst.ca>
From: "Simon Vaillancourt" <simonv@cst.ca>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.org>
Subject: auth 491c4496 subscribe freebsd-newbies simonv@cst.ca
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 10:52:46 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

auth 491c4496 subscribe freebsd-newbies simonv@cst.ca






To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  8:39: 1 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.surf24.de (mail.surf24.de [212.62.192.50])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id BBE3E37C63C
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 08:38:56 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from Rainer.Duffner@surf24.de)
Received: from duffner.surf24.de (surf228.surf24.de [212.62.193.228])
	by mail.surf24.de (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA21372;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 17:38:46 +0200
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 17:35:28 +0100 (MESZ)
From: Rainer M Duffner <Rainer.Duffner@surf24.de>
Subject: Re: problems with root
To: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
In-Reply-To: <392CD307.908859BF@freewwweb.com>
Message-ID: <Marcel-1.46-0525163528-d07Zsav@duffner.surf24.de>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
X-Organization: enigma, http://www-stud.fh-konstanz.de/~enigma
X-Mailer: ANT RISCOS Marcel [ver 1.46]
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

On Thu 25 May, Brian Camba wrote:
> i'm having two problems with the root account:
> 
> 1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
> then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
> worked fine.

Do you have habe a file:
.xinitrc
with:
startkde
in it ?
And startx via:
startx
?

> 2) this may be the cause of the first problem.  i can't seem to change
> the root's shell,

You shouldn't do that - if you change it to bash and you have to start
in single-user-mode, you will be in big trouble, as /usr/local/ is
normaly not mounted and thus you have no shell.

When I work as root, I just type bash, if I want bash.


cheers,
Rainer
-- 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|Rainer Duffner, E-Mail: duffner@fh-konstanz.de  |
|                &   Rainer.Duffner@surf24.de    |
|Fachhochschule Konstanz, Germany                |
|"What's a Network ?"  - Bill Gates, early 1980s |
|   WWW:http://www-stud.fh-konstanz.de/~duffner  |
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25  9:27:36 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from net.idt-microsynergy.com (ip-64-63-14-130.reverse.mobilenetics.com [64.63.14.130])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP
	id 8E0DF37C7DB; Thu, 25 May 2000 09:23:27 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from technews-request@idt-microsynergy.com)
Received: from NewsServer
          (ip-64-63-14-136.reverse.mobilenetics.com [64.63.14.136])
          by net.idt-microsynergy.com (Post.Office MTA v3.1.2
          release (PO205-101c) ID# 561-34439U100L100S0) with SMTP id AAA123
          for <technews@idt-microsynergy.com>;
          Thu, 25 May 2000 09:28:02 -0700
Message-ID: <000b01bfc665$27c6cdc0$880e3f40@idt>
From: news@idt-microsynergy.com (CD/DVD Technology News)
To: <technews@idt-microsynergy.com>
Subject: DVD and CD Tech News 052500
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 09:20:34 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/related;
	type="multipart/alternative";
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC62A.7AFB9F60"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC62A.7AFB9F60
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_001_0008_01BFC62A.7B034080"


------=_NextPart_001_0008_01BFC62A.7B034080
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

=20

     CD and DVD Technology Newsletter
      CD and DVD Duplication and Network Storage IT Information
      May 25th, 2000 Volume 2, Issue 12
      www.idt-microsynergy.com=20

      If you no longer wish to receive this newsletter click here or =
send email from the subscribed account to remove@idt-microsynergy.com.
    =20
      MicroSynergy Releases MultipliCD 3.0, the Best Software for the =
Professional CD Mastering and Duplication Environment with the Ability =
to Handle up to 12 Simultaneous Unique Jobs at the Same Time!
      Harness more power and functionality from your MicroSynergy =
Duplication System with the new MultipliCD Version 3 Professional =
Duplication and Mastering Software. MultipliCD 3 is built on a powerful =
rock solid ultra efficient engine with true independent multithreading =
for ultimate data stability. Now MultipliCD can do even more than =
before! Click Here for more!.... MICROSYNERGY ANNOUNCED TODAY THAT THEY =
ARE NOW SHIPPING THE INDUSTRY'S FIRST FULLY STANDALONE 16 DRIVE DVD-R =
DUPLICATION SYSTEM!
      MicroSynergy is now shipping yet another product "first", the =
industry's first sixteen drive DVD-R duplication system. At last, the =
solution for gigabyte quantity data storage, duplication and information =
distribution has been created. With MicroSynergy's duplication systems, =
rapid mass content duplication and on-demand deployment to the field has =
become easier than ever. Click Here for more!....=20
      IT Advantage Spotlight
    =20
      The Evolution in Technology for Sharing
      CDs Over the Network

      There are few phenomena in the PC industry over the past ten years =
that have shaped the nature of distributing and publishing content more =
than the CD-ROM. In 1997 sales of CD-ROM drives exceeded $5 billion, =
with about 75 million drive units worldwide. By 2001 total optical drive =
revenues are forecasted by Disk Trend Report to be $9.9 billion. There =
are a lot of reasons why CDs are a successful data storage media. They =
are inexpensive to produce, are high capacity, rugged, and have a long =
shelf life. CD-ROM drives are a universal desktop appliance, and have =
come down in price to the point where they can be incorporated into even =
the least expensive home PCs. But having a single copy of a CD on a =
desktop PC for personal use is a lot different than sharing it over the =
network, available to many at the same time. Click Here to Continue =
Story....
    =20
      DVD Technology Review
    =20
      Fifteen Flavors of DVD
      by Dana Parker - EMedia Magazine

      May 12, 2000 | Keeping track of standards in the optical disc =
industry is something that only appeals to a certain kind of person"the =
same type of person, I would imagine, who enjoys memorizing and =
categorizing the details of pre-Columbian pottery, the genera of =
dinosaurs, or the spectral signatures of exoplanets. In the CD world, =
all the obscure variations on the red, yellow, green, white, orange, and =
blue books are sufficient to sate any pedant, even as they frustrate and =
bore the layman.

      DVD was supposed to change all that. The idea, often expressed in =
the early development stages of the DVD format family, was to correct or =
avoid the "mistakes' of CD. While this might be good news for the casual =
users of DVD, and for developers, it didn't bode well for the lovers of =
arcana or for standards columnists. The more complex and nonsensical it =
gets, the better I like it. If DVD had in fact turned out to make =
understanding optical disc formats easy, I'd have been forced to turn to =
writing about something slightly more inscrutable, like, say, the human =
genome. Click Here to Continue Story....
    =20
      MicroSynergy Is Your Single Source For CD and DVD Technology =
Solutions. Call us at (888) 877-6777 or (949) 477-1700 or on the web at =
www.idt-microsynergy.com. CD/DVD Duplicators, CD/DVD Network Servers
    =20
      If you no longer wish to receive this newsletter click here or =
send email from the subscribed account to remove@idt-microsynergy.com.=20
    =20


------=_NextPart_001_0008_01BFC62A.7B034080
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2314.1000" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;
<DIV align=3Dcenter>
<CENTER>
<TABLE border=3D0 cellSpacing=3D0 width=3D"90%">
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD bgColor=3D#000080 width=3D"29%">
      <P align=3Dleft><IMG align=3Dleft border=3D0 height=3D74=20
      src=3D"http://www.idt-microsynergy.com/images/logoellipse3.gif"=20
      width=3D166></P></TD>
    <TD align=3Dmiddle bgColor=3D#000080 vAlign=3Dtop =
width=3D"71%"><FONT=20
      color=3D#ffffff face=3DArial size=3D5><B>CD and DVD Technology=20
      Newsletter<BR></B></FONT><B><FONT color=3D#ffff00 size=3D2>CD and =
DVD=20
      Duplication and Network Storage IT Information</FONT></B><BR><FONT =

      color=3D#ffffff size=3D1>May 25th, 2000 Volume 2, Issue =
12<BR></FONT><FONT=20
      color=3D#00ffff size=3D1><SPAN style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: =
#99ccff"><A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.idt-microsynergy.com">www.idt-microsynergy.com</A></SP=
AN></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></CENTER></DIV>
<DIV align=3Dcenter>
<CENTER>
<TABLE border=3D0 width=3D"90%">
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=3D2 vAlign=3Dtop width=3D"100%">
      <P align=3Dcenter><FONT face=3DArial size=3D1>If you no longer =
wish to receive=20
      this newsletter click <A=20
      href=3D"mailto:remove@idt-microsynergy.com">here</A> or send email =
<B>from=20
      the subscribed account</B> to=20
remove@idt-microsynergy.com.</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=3Dtop width=3D"50%"><FONT face=3DArial><FONT =
color=3D#0000ff><B><FONT=20
      size=3D2><STRONG>MicroSynergy Releases MultipliCD 3.0, the Best =
Software for=20
      the Professional CD Mastering and Duplication Environment with the =
Ability=20
      to Handle up to 12 Simultaneous Unique Jobs at the Same =
Time!</STRONG><IMG=20
      align=3Dright border=3D0 height=3D115=20
      src=3D"http://www.burncd.com/images/multiplicdlogov3.gif"=20
      width=3D177></FONT><BR></B></FONT><FONT size=3D2>Harness more =
power and=20
      functionality from your</FONT><FONT size=3D2> =
MicroSynergy</FONT><FONT=20
      size=3D2> Duplication System with the new</FONT><FONT size=3D2> =
MultipliCD=20
      Version 3 Professional Duplication and Mastering Software. =
MultipliCD 3 is=20
      built on a powerful rock solid ultra efficient engine with true=20
      independent multithreading for ultimate data stability. Now =
MultipliCD can=20
      do even more than before! <A=20
      href=3D"http://www.burncd.com/press/MultipliCD3release.htm">Click =
Here for=20
      more!....</A></FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD vAlign=3Dtop width=3D"50%"><FONT face=3DArial><B><FONT =
size=3D2><FONT=20
      color=3D#0000ff>MICROSYNERGY ANNOUNCED TODAY THAT THEY ARE NOW =
SHIPPING THE=20
      INDUSTRY'S FIRST FULLY STANDALONE </FONT><FONT color=3D#ff0000>16 =
DRIVE=20
      DVD-R DUPLICATION</FONT><FONT color=3D#0000ff> SYSTEM!<IMG =
align=3Dright=20
      border=3D0 height=3D132=20
      src=3D"http://www.idt-microsynergy.com/images/dvd16bsm.jpg"=20
      width=3D140></FONT></FONT><FONT color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D1><BR></FONT></B><FONT=20
      size=3D2>MicroSynergy is now shipping yet another product "first", =
the=20
      industry's first sixteen drive DVD-R duplication system. At last, =
the=20
      solution for gigabyte quantity data storage, duplication and =
information=20
      distribution has been created. With MicroSynergy's duplication =
systems,=20
      rapid mass content duplication and on-demand deployment to the =
field has=20
      become easier than ever. <A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.idt-microsynergy.com/press/dvddupe8up.htm">Click Here =
for=20
      more!....</A></FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD bgColor=3D#0000ff colSpan=3D2 width=3D"100%">
      <P align=3Dcenter><FONT color=3D#ffffff face=3DArial =
size=3D4><B>IT Advantage=20
      Spotlight</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=3D2 width=3D"100%"><B><FONT face=3DGillSans size=3D5>
      <P align=3Dcenter></FONT><FONT face=3DArial size=3D5>The Evolution =
in Technology=20
      for Sharing<BR>CDs Over the Network</FONT><FONT face=3DGillSans=20
      size=3D5></P></FONT></B><FONT face=3DGaramond size=3D2>
      <P></FONT><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D2>T</FONT><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
      size=3D2>here are few phenomena in the PC industry over the past =
ten years=20
      that have shaped the nature of distributing and publishing content =
more=20
      than the CD-ROM. In 1997 sales of CD-ROM drives exceeded $5 =
billion, with=20
      about 75 million drive units worldwide. By 2001 total optical =
drive=20
      revenues are forecasted by Disk Trend Report to be $9.9 billion. =
There are=20
      a lot of reasons why CDs are a successful data storage media. They =
are=20
      inexpensive to produce, are high capacity, rugged, and have a long =
shelf=20
      life. CD-ROM drives are a universal desktop appliance, and have =
come down=20
      in price to the point where they can be incorporated into even the =
least=20
      expensive home PCs. But having a single copy of a CD on a desktop =
PC for=20
      personal use is a lot different than sharing it over the network,=20
      available to many at the same time. <A=20
      href=3D"evolution_in_technology_for_shar.htm">Click Here to =
Continue=20
      Story....</A></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD bgColor=3D#0000ff colSpan=3D2 width=3D"100%">
      <P align=3Dcenter><B><FONT color=3D#ffffff face=3DArial =
size=3D4>DVD Technology=20
      Review</FONT></B></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=3D2 width=3D"100%">
      <P align=3Dcenter><FONT face=3Darial size=3D5><B>Fifteen Flavors =
of=20
      DVD<BR></B></FONT>by Dana Parker - EMedia Magazine</P><FONT =
face=3Darial=20
      size=3D2>
      <P><I>May 12, 2000</I> | Keeping track of standards in the optical =
disc=20
      industry is something that only appeals to a certain kind of =
person&#8220;the=20
      same type of person, I would imagine, who enjoys memorizing and=20
      categorizing the details of pre-Columbian pottery, the genera of=20
      dinosaurs, or the spectral signatures of exoplanets. In the CD =
world, all=20
      the obscure variations on the red, yellow, green, white, orange, =
and blue=20
      books are sufficient to sate any pedant, even as they frustrate =
and bore=20
      the layman.</P>
      <P>DVD was supposed to change all that. The idea, often expressed =
in the=20
      early development stages of the DVD format family, was to correct =
or avoid=20
      the &#8221;mistakes&#8217; of CD. While this might be good news =
for the casual users=20
      of DVD, and for developers, it didn't bode well for the lovers of =
arcana=20
      or for standards columnists. The more complex and nonsensical it =
gets, the=20
      better I like it. If DVD had in fact turned out to make =
understanding=20
      optical disc formats easy, I'd have been forced to turn to writing =
about=20
      something slightly more inscrutable, like, say, the human genome. =
<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.emedialive.com/news/2000/05/news0500-02.html">Click =
Here=20
      to Continue Story....</A></P></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD bgColor=3D#000080 colSpan=3D2 width=3D"100%">
      <P align=3Dcenter><FONT face=3DArial><B><IMG align=3Dleft =
border=3D0 height=3D74=20
      src=3D"http://www.idt-microsynergy.com/images/logoellipse3.gif"=20
      width=3D166><FONT color=3D#ffffff>MicroSynergy Is Your Single =
Source For CD=20
      and DVD Technology Solutions. Call us at (888) 877-6777 or (949) =
477-1700=20
      or on the web at </FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff><SPAN=20
      style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: #99ccff"><A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.idt-microsynergy.com">www.idt-microsynergy.com</A></SP=
AN></FONT><FONT=20
      color=3D#ffffff>. </FONT><FONT color=3D#ffff00>CD/DVD Duplicators, =
CD/DVD=20
      Network Servers</FONT></B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD colSpan=3D2 width=3D"100%">
      <P align=3Dcenter><FONT face=3DArial size=3D1>If you no longer =
wish to receive=20
      this newsletter click <A=20
      href=3D"mailto:remove@idt-microsynergy.com">here</A> or send email =
<B>from=20
      the subscribed account</B> to remove@idt-microsynergy.com.=20
  =
</FONT></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></CENTER></DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY><=
/HTML>

------=_NextPart_001_0008_01BFC62A.7B034080--

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC62A.7AFB9F60
Content-Type: image/gif;
	name="logoellipse3.gif"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Location: http://www.idt-microsynergy.com/images/logoellipse3.gif
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------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC62A.7AFB9F60
Content-Type: image/gif;
	name="multiplicdlogov3.gif"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Location: http://www.burncd.com/images/multiplicdlogov3.gif
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------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC62A.7AFB9F60
Content-Type: image/jpeg;
	name="dvd16bsm.jpg"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Location: http://www.idt-microsynergy.com/images/dvd16bsm.jpg
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==

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01BFC62A.7AFB9F60--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25 10: 4: 2 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from dt051n0b.san.rr.com (dt051n0b.san.rr.com [204.210.32.11])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4469337B637
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 10:04:00 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Received: from gorean.org (doug@master [10.0.0.2])
	by dt051n0b.san.rr.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA68214;
	Thu, 25 May 2000 10:03:56 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from DougB@gorean.org)
Message-ID: <392D5CFC.C24A2A34@gorean.org>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 10:03:56 -0700
From: Doug Barton <DougB@gorean.org>
Organization: Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Authority
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (X11; U; FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT-0523 i386)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: problems with root
References: <392CD307.908859BF@freewwweb.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Brian Camba wrote:
> 
> i'm having two problems with the root account:
> 
> 1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
> then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
> worked fine.

	You really don't want to run X as root. It's a big security hole. Much
better to be a regular user and su when you need to. 

> 2) this may be the cause of the first problem.  i can't seem to change
> the root's shell, or any other settings. 

	Use vipw.

Good luck,

Doug
-- 
        "Live free or die"
		- State motto of my ancestral homeland, New Hampshire

	Do YOU Yahoo!?


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25 15: 7:27 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from darius.concentric.net (darius.concentric.net [207.155.198.79])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4E2A637BDB3
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 15:07:22 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from mlduke@concentric.net)
Received: from mcfeely.concentric.net (mcfeely.concentric.net [207.155.198.83])
	by darius.concentric.net (8.9.1a/(98/12/15 5.12))
	id SAA27761; Thu, 25 May 2000 18:07:20 -0400 (EDT)
	[1-800-745-2747 The Concentric Network]
Received: from ts006d22.mer-id.concentric.net (ts006d22.mer-id.concentric.net [208.177.68.34])
	by mcfeely.concentric.net (8.9.1a)
	id SAA18606; Thu, 25 May 2000 18:07:17 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 14:04:47 -0600 (MDT)
From: mlduke <mlduke@concentric.net>
To: Herbert Nkhoma <hnkhoma@malawi.net>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Starting X Windows
In-Reply-To: <002501bfc61e$f5c4b0d0$02a994d0@malawi.net>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.10.10005250849220.1311-100000@mlduke.concentric.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> Hello everyone,
> 
> I want to know this. How can I start x windows from another terminal.
Starting it fro the console works fine.

alt <appropriate F key>
startx

If your terminals are not made, read the MAKEDEV file for the appropriate
./MAKEDEV command because it varies with different versions of FBSD.
Then edit /etc/ttys (pretty much self explanatory) and do:
kill -HUP 1
(or else reboot)
And you should be good to go.

ML Duke

Post Script: Thought I sent this long ago.
Sorry



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25 15:54:18 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from odin.acuson.com (odin.acuson.com [157.226.230.71])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6558D37B702
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 15:54:15 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from djohnson@acuson.com)
Received: from acuson.com ([157.226.69.47]) by odin.acuson.com
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.54)  with ESMTP id AAA2B04;
          Thu, 25 May 2000 15:55:30 -0700
Message-ID: <392DAE96.3E6B6309@acuson.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 15:52:06 -0700
From: David Johnson <djohnson@acuson.com>
Organization: Acuson
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Brian Camba <beesea@freewwweb.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: problems with root
References: <392CD307.908859BF@freewwweb.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Brian Camba wrote:
1) i can't start kde.  after the login screen, the goes screen black,
> then goes back to the login screen.  i've been using fvwm2, and it
> worked fine.

Begin a failsafe X session, then start KDE using "startkde" and examine
the error messages. Starting a failsafe session can be done in a number
of ways. Basically, it's an X session with just an xterm, no window
manager. Rather than list the myriad ways one could get to a failsafe
session, just edit your .xinitrc files to include just the line "exec
xterm" and then issue the "startx" command.

David


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Thu May 25 16: 1:41 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from odin.acuson.com (odin.acuson.com [157.226.230.71])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4886C37BE58
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Thu, 25 May 2000 16:01:37 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from djohnson@acuson.com)
Received: from acuson.com ([157.226.69.47]) by odin.acuson.com
          (Netscape Messaging Server 3.54)  with ESMTP id AAA2E59;
          Thu, 25 May 2000 16:02:49 -0700
Message-ID: <392DB04D.7E2351A2@acuson.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 2000 15:59:25 -0700
From: David Johnson <djohnson@acuson.com>
Organization: Acuson
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.7 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Herbert Nkhoma <hnkhoma@malawi.net>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Starting X Windows
References: <002501bfc61e$f5c4b0d0$02a994d0@malawi.net>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

> Herbert Nkhoma wrote:

> I want to know this. How can I start x windows from another terminal.
> Starting it fro the console works fine.

What other terminal? You mean another console? Or from a remote
terminal? I haven't used remote terminals all that often, and when I do,
I usually don't use X. I do know that you need to set up the DISPLAY
variable correctly. It's quite pointless to telnet into a remote machine
only to have your application appear on that remote machine.

To get to another console, type ALT+CTRL+F2 (or F3, etc.). Then type
startx.

One weird thing you can do (it's weird if you've never done it) is to
start a second X session. Start an normal X session, then switch to
another console. "Type startx -- :1", and boom, you have two X sessions.

David


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26  7: 8:58 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from hotmail.com (f73.law9.hotmail.com [64.4.9.73])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id A043937B8DD
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Fri, 26 May 2000 07:08:52 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from midios3@hotmail.com)
Received: (qmail 17965 invoked by uid 0); 26 May 2000 14:08:52 -0000
Message-ID: <20000526140852.17964.qmail@hotmail.com>
Received: from 195.66.101.72 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP;
	Fri, 26 May 2000 07:08:52 PDT
X-Originating-IP: [195.66.101.72]
From: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
To: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Does't O'Reilly like FBSD?
Date: Fri, 26 May 2000 14:08:52 GMT
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

hi all,

i was trying to run the cd-rom supplied with the book "Unix Power Tools" (O' 
Reilly) but i got an error message (when are we going to reach the 
error-less computers era, anyway?:(
I turned to the book and read:

"
Binaries for the following platforms are on this CD-ROM:
Red Hat Linux 4.1
Sun4 Solaris 2.5
Sun4 SunOS 4.1.4
Digital Equipment Corp. 3.2
IBM RS/6000 AIX 3.2.5
HP 700 HP-UX 9.01
SCO UNIX 3.2.4
"

FreeBSD not supported? how come?

greetings,
Dimitri
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26  7:37:19 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.60])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id BFD5937B64C
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Fri, 26 May 2000 07:37:16 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goldtech@worldpost.com)
Received: from 209-122-237-103.s611.tnt1.nyw.ny.dialup.rcn.com ([209.122.237.103] helo=leegold1)
	by smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net with smtp (Exim 2.12 #3)
	id 12vLEg-0001Us-00
	for freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG; Fri, 26 May 2000 10:37:14 -0400
Message-ID: <000401bfc720$04f06ed0$67ed7ad1@leegold1>
From: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
References: <20000526140852.17964.qmail@hotmail.com>
Subject: Re: Does't O'Reilly like FBSD?
Date: Fri, 26 May 2000 10:38:11 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

http://www.oreillynet.com/freebsd/





----- Original Message -----
From: "Dimitrios T." <midios3@hotmail.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Sent: Friday, May 26, 2000 10:08 AM
Subject: Does't O'Reilly like FBSD?


> hi all,
>
> i was trying to run the cd-rom supplied with the book "Unix Power Tools"
(O'
> Reilly) but i got an error message (when are we going to reach the
> error-less computers era, anyway?:(
> I turned to the book and read:
>
> "
> Binaries for the following platforms are on this CD-ROM:
> Red Hat Linux 4.1
> Sun4 Solaris 2.5
> Sun4 SunOS 4.1.4
> Digital Equipment Corp. 3.2
> IBM RS/6000 AIX 3.2.5
> HP 700 HP-UX 9.01
> SCO UNIX 3.2.4
> "
>
> FreeBSD not supported? how come?
>
> greetings,
> Dimitri
> ________________________________________________________________________
> Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com
>
>
>
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26  9:27:18 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail.rdc2.on.home.com (ha1.rdc2.on.home.com [24.9.0.15])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4193C37B55E
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Fri, 26 May 2000 09:27:02 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from generic@unitedtamers.com)
Received: from x ([24.68.108.236]) by mail.rdc2.on.home.com
          (InterMail vM.4.01.02.17 201-229-119) with SMTP
          id <20000526162701.XYEA23706.mail.rdc2.on.home.com@x>
          for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>;
          Fri, 26 May 2000 09:27:01 -0700
Message-ID: <003e01bfc72f$3e17a2f0$0100a8c0@x>
From: "Generic Player" <generic@unitedtamers.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: Firewall + nat
Date: Fri, 26 May 2000 12:27:10 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_003B_01BFC70D.B6C46610"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6700
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_003B_01BFC70D.B6C46610
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello again,

    I am using FreeBSD 4-release, and trying to share my internet =
connection with a win2000 machine.  I have ed0 as my internet =
connection, and xl0 as my LAN connection.  I added to my kernel config =
the lines:

options    IPFIREWALL
options    IPDIVERT

and added the line:

firewall_type=3D"open"

to my etc/rc.conf.  The only guide I could find on setting this up was =
for FreeBSD 2.2 though, and it tells me to edit files that don't exist =
on my system, like /usr/local/sbin/natd.conf.  So, my problem is, I =
can't connect to anything, or ping anything, it blocks all packets =
coming in or going out.  Does it matter what section of my rc.conf I add =
the firewall_type line?

Thanks again,
Generic Player

------=_NextPart_000_003B_01BFC70D.B6C46610
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2920.0" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hello again,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am using FreeBSD =
4-release,=20
and trying to share my internet connection with a win2000 machine.&nbsp; =
I have=20
ed0 as my internet connection, and xl0 as my LAN connection.&nbsp; I =
added to my=20
kernel config the lines:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>options&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
IPFIREWALL</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>options&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
IPDIVERT</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>and added the line:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>firewall_type=3D"open"</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>to my etc/rc.conf.&nbsp; The only guide =
I could=20
find on setting this up was for FreeBSD 2.2 though, and it tells me to =
edit=20
files that don't exist on my system, like =
/usr/local/sbin/natd.conf.&nbsp; So,=20
my problem is, I can't connect to anything, or ping anything, =
it&nbsp;blocks all=20
packets coming in or going out.&nbsp; Does it matter what section of my =
rc.conf=20
I add the firewall_type line?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks again,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Generic =
Player</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_003B_01BFC70D.B6C46610--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26  9:45:11 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from dns2.seanet.com (dns2.seanet.com [199.181.164.2])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 42FDC37BE42
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Fri, 26 May 2000 09:45:04 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goodleaf@goodleaf.net)
Received: from clyde.goodleaf.net (piscator.seanet.com [199.181.165.218])
	by dns2.seanet.com (8.9.3/8.9.0) with ESMTP id JAA06911;
	Fri, 26 May 2000 09:44:48 -0700 (PDT)
Date: Fri, 26 May 2000 09:54:45 -0700 (PDT)
From: "J. Goodleaf" <goodleaf@goodleaf.net>
To: Generic Player <generic@unitedtamers.com>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: Firewall + nat
In-Reply-To: <003e01bfc72f$3e17a2f0$0100a8c0@x>
Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0005260947240.43771-100000@clyde.goodleaf.net>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I think you also have to add

firewall_enable="yes"
and
natd_enable="yes"
natd_interface="xl0"

I may be wrong about this; am hardly expert and am doing this from
memory. Doesn't the handbook, available at freebsd.org under
documentation, have a section on this? If not, I'd check the
freebsddiary.org. 
I don't ever remember changing anything in the path you mentioned when I
had a similar setup. I just used /etc/rc.conf and rc.firewall.

Until you get things straightened out, perhaps you'd want to include a
kernel option which goes something like. 

options		IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT

Again, check me. I'm not sure I'm right. But if the option exists, you
should be able to find it in /sys/i386/conf/LINT.
-J

PS. Buy the Complete Freebsd if you can afford it. Good to have around,
although it's not entirely suitable for total newbies.

On Fri, 26 May 2000, Generic Player wrote:

> Hello again,
> 
>     I am using FreeBSD 4-release, and trying to share my internet connection with a win2000 machine.  I have ed0 as my internet connection, and xl0 as my LAN connection.  I added to my kernel config the lines:
> 
> options    IPFIREWALL
> options    IPDIVERT
> 
> and added the line:
> 
> firewall_type="open"
> 
> to my etc/rc.conf.  The only guide I could find on setting this up was for FreeBSD 2.2 though, and it tells me to edit files that don't exist on my system, like /usr/local/sbin/natd.conf.  So, my problem is, I can't connect to anything, or ping anything, it blocks all packets coming in or going out.  Does it matter what section of my rc.conf I add the firewall_type line?
> 
> Thanks again,
> Generic Player
> 



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26 16:24:45 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from ida.net (mail.ida.net [204.228.203.4])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 06BBB37B93D
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Fri, 26 May 2000 16:24:37 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from ares@ida.net)
Received: (qmail 27334 invoked from network); 26 May 2000 23:24:27 -0000
Received: from pm-pt1-37.ida.net (HELO arescomputer) (208.141.181.46)
  by mail.ida.net with SMTP; 26 May 2000 23:24:27 -0000
Message-ID: <008e01bfc771$b8d40dc0$2eb58dd0@arescomputer>
From: "Bryan Otteson" <ares@ida.net>
To: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: any good books?
Date: Fri, 26 May 2000 17:23:02 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_008B_01BFC737.0BDFAC80"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4029.2901
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4029.2901
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_008B_01BFC737.0BDFAC80
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Are there any good books on just simple how-to stuff like configuring a =
printer, or finding out what the printer files are and how to manipulate =
them, or finding where your modem is and configuring?  Basically, what =
I'm looking for is a FreeBSD book for the Windows professional.  I can =
do damn near anything in a Windows/DOS environment, but put me on a FBSD =
box and I'm less than a rookie  :(

me,
b


------=_NextPart_000_008B_01BFC737.0BDFAC80
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4030.2400" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#d8d0c8>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Are there any good books on just simple =
how-to=20
stuff like configuring a printer, or finding out what the printer files =
are and=20
how to manipulate them, or finding where your modem is and =
configuring?&nbsp;=20
Basically, what I'm looking for is a FreeBSD book for the Windows=20
professional.&nbsp; I can do damn near anything in a Windows/DOS =
environment,=20
but put me on a FBSD box and I'm less than a rookie&nbsp; =
:(</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>me,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>b</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_008B_01BFC737.0BDFAC80--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26 19:30:31 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from phoenix.welearn.com.au (phoenix.welearn.com.au [139.130.44.81])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 53C3537BA32
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Fri, 26 May 2000 19:30:22 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from sue@phoenix.welearn.com.au)
Received: (from sue@localhost)
	by phoenix.welearn.com.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id MAA25844
	for freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org; Sat, 27 May 2000 12:30:17 +1000 (EST)
	(envelope-from sue)
Date: Sat, 27 May 2000 12:30:17 +1000 (EST)
From: Sue Blake <sue@welearn.com.au>
Message-Id: <200005270230.MAA25844@phoenix.welearn.com.au>
To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: FreeBSD Newbies First Aid Kit
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org


                         FreeBSD-Newbies First Aid Kit
                                       
   (This is a regular posting to the FreeBSD-Newbies mailing list.
   It is also available at http://www.welearn.com.au/freebsd/newbies/)
   
   FreeBSD-Questions@FreeBSD.ORG is the place to send all questions about
   installing, configuring, running and using FreeBSD. All help requests
   are handled by FreeBSD-Questions, including newbies questions.
   
   FreeBSD-Newbies is different. We don't ask for help or answer how-to
   questions. It is a discussion forum for newbies.
   
   FreeBSD-Newbies provides a place for new FreeBSD users to meet and
   covers any of the activities of newbies that are not already dealt
   with elsewhere. Examples include helping each other to learn more on
   our own, finding and using resources, problem solving techniques, how
   to seek help elsewhere, how to use mailing lists and which lists to
   use, general chat, making mistakes, boasting, sharing ideas, stories,
   moral (but not technical) support, and taking an active part in the
   FreeBSD community. We take our problems and support questions to
   freebsd-questions, and use freebsd-newbies to meet others who are
   doing the same things that we do as newbies.
   
   One of the things we do together is learn more effective ways to find
   help when we need it. Here are some suggestions:
   
When something doesn't work the way you expect

    1. First look at the errata for your release of FreeBSD at
       http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/releases/ for the latest information and
       security advisories.
    2. Search the Handbook, FAQ, and mail archives at
       http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/search.html
    3. If you still have a question or problem, collect the output of
       `uname -a' and of any relevant program(s) and email your question
       to FreeBSD-questions@FreeBSD.ORG.
       
Mailing lists

   When you have a problem that you can't solve by yourself, there's only
   one support mailing list and that's FreeBSD-questions@FreeBSD.ORG.
   FreeBSD-questions helps with installation and basic setup as well as
   more general and advanced questions.
   
   You don't have to actually join freebsd-questions before asking a
   question there. Replies to your question will normally be sent to you
   personally as well as to the list. Just make sure you have read and
   followed the guidelines for posting, because you might find them
   different to what you're used to. If you do subscribe to
   freebsd-questions you'll have the advantage of seeing all of the
   recent questions and their answers.
   
   Before you post to FreeBSD-questions, please read the guidelines at
   http://www.lemis.com/questions.html Many of the people who answer
   FreeBSD-questions are very knowledgeable, but they get frustrated when
   they get questions which are difficult to understand.
   http://www.lemis.com/email.html is worth reading too.
   
   If you're not sure that you can follow these guidelines, come back and
   ask the other newbies for help on how to post an effective question to
   the support mailing list.
   
   Maybe your question has been asked before. If you search the mailing
   list archives at http://www.freebsd.org/search.html first you might
   get the answer right away. It's always worth trying.
   
   Other mailing lists
   (http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/eresources.html#ERESOURCES-CHARTERS)
   cover specialised areas and many are more developer-oriented. You'll
   need to read their charters carefully before participating, but it's
   probably a good idea to ask on either -newbies or -questions for
   advice about where to post a more specialised question.
   
   FreeBSD-announce is a very low volume read-only list for occasional
   announcements, such as notice of new releases, and the Really Quick
   Newsletter. It's worth subscribing to FreeBSD-announce too.
   
Manuals

   You'll always be expected to show that you have made some effort to
   use the available documentation before asking for help. That's not
   always as easy as it sounds!
   
   If you know what documentation you need but can't locate it, send a
   brief query to FreeBSD-questions. If you don't know what you need,
   always have trouble finding it, or can't make any sense of it when you
   do, ask some patient newbies to steer you in the right direction.
   
   Anyone interested in writing or reviewing documentation for FreeBSD is
   encouraged to join the FreeBSD Documentation Project. Details are at
   http://www.freebsd.org/docproj/docproj.html
   
Other resources

   A resource list is available at
   http://www.freebsd.org/projects/newbies.html to help new and
   inexperienced FreeBSD users to find relevant information quickly. It
   includes books, on line documents and tutorials, and links to web
   pages that other newbies have found useful for learning. If you have a
   suggestion for good material to be included, please write to
   freebsd-newbies and tell us about it.
   
But I have seen people asking questions here!

   It is quite common for people to send the wrong kind of post to a
   mailing list. Because we're newbies it'll certainly happen here from
   time to time. The best thing to do if you see a message that doesn't
   belong on a list is to ignore it. There's always someone around whose
   job it is to sort these problems out privately.
   
   The posts to the lists go straight through, whatever their content. It
   is going to be confusing for a little while because we're all newbies
   so we all make mistakes. That's OK.
   
   One thing we're going to see a fair bit is people posting questions,
   believing they're doing the right thing by posting here as newbies,
   not realising how it works. If someone answers those questions the
   situation will snowball. There's nothing wrong with helping someone to
   redirect their question to freebsd-questions, but please do so gently.
   There's nothing wrong with the occasional mistake either.
   
   So all questions, requests for help, etc still go to freebsd-questions
   as usual. Ours is more of a discussion group, a place where newbies
   can relax with other newbies and focus more on our successes than on
   our temporary imperfection. We can talk about things here that are not
   allowed on freebsd-questions. We're also a bit freer to make the
   mistakes that we need to make in order to learn.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   To Subscribe to FreeBSD-Newbies: 
   Send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
   with "subscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message. 
   
   Mail sent to freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org appears on the mailing list.
     _________________________________________________________________


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Fri May 26 21:40: 9 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net (smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net [207.172.4.60])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 92AC637B819
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Fri, 26 May 2000 21:40:07 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from goldtech@worldpost.com)
Received: from 209-122-237-55.s563.tnt1.nyw.ny.dialup.rcn.com ([209.122.237.55] helo=leegold1)
	by smtp01.mrf.mail.rcn.net with smtp (Exim 2.12 #3)
	id 12vYOL-0004r2-00
	for freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org; Sat, 27 May 2000 00:40:06 -0400
Message-ID: <001201bfc795$c2b687e0$37ed7ad1@leegold1>
From: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: any good books?
Date: Sat, 27 May 2000 00:41:01 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

>Are there any good books on just simple how-to stuff like configuring a
>printer, or finding out what the printer files are and how to manipulate
>them, or finding where your modem is and configuring?  Basically, what I'm
>looking for is a FreeBSD book for the Windows professional.  I can do damn
>near anything in a Windows/DOS environment, but put me on a FBSD box and
>I'm
>less than a rookie  :(
>me,
>b

I haven't found any books like that.
If you have a user's group near you, that's the ticket. I found that some
Linux groups have FBSD users too.  I have been fantasizing about a book
that's and intro. to unix AND a freeBSD guide at the same time. Most intro
level unix docs. bone you up on telneting into a server and then explaining
the file system first, then commands, ect.

it would be cool for a intro unix book to use the FBSD platform as the
learning vehicle. also would be a great sysadmin learning tool, - just get
some old clones and set up a network, servers, subnets - hands-on at home -
"we'll show you how".

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

----- Original Message -----
From: "Bryan Otteson" <ares@ida.net>
To: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
Sent: Friday, May 26, 2000 8:23 PM
Subject: any good books?






To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sat May 27  3:38:47 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from nottingham.ac.uk (pat.ccc.nottingham.ac.uk [128.243.40.194])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A84A037B964
	for <newbies@freebsd.org>; Sat, 27 May 2000 03:38:44 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from psyrawt@nottingham.ac.uk)
Received: from pcd3479.nottingham.ac.uk ([128.243.93.162] helo=dreadnaught)
	by nottingham.ac.uk with smtp (Exim 3.13 #2)
	id 12vdye-0007Se-00
	for newbies@freebsd.org; Sat, 27 May 2000 11:37:56 +0100
From: "Andrew Tulloch" <psyrawt@nottingham.ac.uk>
To: <newbies@freebsd.org>
Subject: PPTP
Date: Sat, 27 May 2000 11:36:42 +0100
Message-ID: <NCBBLIKDGKKHJHKDJLFOIEIICFAA.psyrawt@nottingham.ac.uk>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook IMO, Build 9.0.2416 (9.0.2910.0)
Importance: Normal
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6700
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Are there any PPTP type servers for FreeBSD?

Thanks
Andrew


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sat May 27  5:47:15 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from mail2.x-treme.gr (mail2.x-treme.gr [212.120.196.24])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CD78C37BA6F
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sat, 27 May 2000 05:47:07 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from keramida@ceid.upatras.gr)
Received: from hades.hell.gr (pat8.x-treme.gr [212.120.197.200])
	by mail2.x-treme.gr (8.9.3/8.9.3/IPNG-ADV-ANTISPAM-0.2) with SMTP id PAA24651
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sat, 27 May 2000 15:46:57 +0300
Received: (qmail 11338 invoked by uid 1000); 27 May 2000 09:42:39 -0000
Message-ID: <20000527094239.11337.qmail@hades.hell.gr>
From: "Giorgos Keramidas" <keramida@ceid.upatras.gr>
Date: Sat, 27 May 2000 12:42:39 +0300
To: Bryan Otteson <ares@ida.net>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: any good books?
Reply-To: keramida@ceid.upatras.gr
References: <008e01bfc771$b8d40dc0$2eb58dd0@arescomputer>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
X-Mailer: Mutt 1.0i
In-Reply-To: <008e01bfc771$b8d40dc0$2eb58dd0@arescomputer>; from ares@ida.net on Fri, May 26, 2000 at 05:23:02PM -0700
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

Bryan Otteson wrote:
> Are there any good books on just simple how-to stuff like configuring
> a printer, or finding out what the printer files are and how to manipulate
> them, or finding where your modem is and configuring?

Yes, of course.  I found Greg Lehey's "The Complete FreeBSD" to be of
great value during my first steps into FreeBSD.  Of course, there are a
zillion books out there on learning Unix, and most of the Unix stuff
you'll get to know apply to FreeBSD too.

Then, there is the FreeBSD handbook at http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/
and the FreeBSD FAQ.  The manpages of FreeBSD are also a good resource
when looking for something you don't know about.  Search them with:

	% man -k WORD

when you want to see which manpages contain WORD, or read the manpage
for a specific command, with

	% man COMMAND

Last, but not least, the archives of the mailing lists in freebsd.org
are one of the best places to look for answers to your questions, since
we all ask the same questions while we're learning our way around BSD.

-- 
Giorgos Keramidas, < keramida @ ceid . upatras . gr >
http://students.ceid.upatras.gr/~keramida/


To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sat May 27  6:46: 9 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from slkcpop5.slkc.uswest.net (slkcpop5.slkc.uswest.net [206.81.128.5])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 98F2837B518
	for <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>; Sat, 27 May 2000 06:46:06 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from jswarner@uswest.net)
Received: (qmail 58581 invoked by alias); 27 May 2000 13:46:06 -0000
Delivered-To: fixup-freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org@fixme
Received: (qmail 58569 invoked by uid 0); 27 May 2000 13:46:05 -0000
Received: from aedialup167.slkc.uswest.net (HELO uswest.net) (63.224.106.167)
  by slkcpop5.slkc.uswest.net with SMTP; 27 May 2000 13:46:05 -0000
Message-ID: <392FD0C8.46A69C8D@uswest.net>
Date: Sat, 27 May 2000 07:42:32 -0600
From: Joe Warner <jswarner@uswest.net>
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.72 [en] (Win98; U)
X-Accept-Language: en
MIME-Version: 1.0
To: Bryan Otteson <ares@ida.net>
Cc: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: any good books?
References: <008e01bfc771$b8d40dc0$2eb58dd0@arescomputer>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
 boundary="------------2074F85BA1DAC989E7BEF02E"
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org


--------------2074F85BA1DAC989E7BEF02E
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Bryan,

    The Complete FreeBSD and The FreeBSD Handbook are 2 titles that come
to mind.  For these and other titles, get your wallet out and go
here------>http://www.freebsdmall.com/books/

8^)    Joe


Bryan Otteson wrote:

> Are there any good books on just simple how-to stuff like configuring
> a printer, or finding out what the printer files are and how to
> manipulate them, or finding where your modem is and configuring?
> Basically, what I'm looking for is a FreeBSD book for the Windows
> professional.  I can do damn near anything in a Windows/DOS
> environment, but put me on a FBSD box and I'm less than a rookie
> :( me,b

--------------2074F85BA1DAC989E7BEF02E
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
<body bgcolor="#D8D0C8">
Bryan,
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Complete FreeBSD and The FreeBSD Handbook are
2 titles that come to mind.&nbsp; For these and other titles, get your
wallet out and go here------><A HREF="http://www.freebsdmall.com/books/">http://www.freebsdmall.com/books/</A>
<p>8^)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Joe
<br>&nbsp;
<p>Bryan Otteson wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE><style></style>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Are
there any good books on just simple how-to stuff like configuring a printer,
or finding out what the printer files are and how to manipulate them, or
finding where your modem is and configuring?&nbsp; Basically, what I'm
looking for is a FreeBSD book for the Windows professional.&nbsp; I can
do damn near anything in a Windows/DOS environment, but put me on a FBSD
box and I'm less than a rookie&nbsp; :(</font></font>&nbsp;<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>me,</font></font><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>b</font></font>&nbsp;</blockquote>

</body>
</html>

--------------2074F85BA1DAC989E7BEF02E--



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message


From owner-freebsd-newbies  Sat May 27  7:23:18 2000
Delivered-To: freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org
Received: from gargoyle.apana.org.au (brisba6.lnk.telstra.net [139.130.66.200])
	by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A7A8237BA6A
	for <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>; Sat, 27 May 2000 07:23:06 -0700 (PDT)
	(envelope-from dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au)
Received: (from uucp@localhost)
	by gargoyle.apana.org.au (8.8.8/8.8.8) id AAA20048;
	Sun, 28 May 2000 00:22:34 +1000 (EST)
	(envelope-from dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au)
Received: from roadrunner.apana.org.au(203.3.126.132), claiming to be "ROADRUNNER"
 via SMTP by gargoyle.apana.org.au, id smtpdF20046; Sun May 28 00:22:33 2000
Message-ID: <00b601bfc7e7$8452e0a0$847e03cb@ROADRUNNER>
From: "Doug Young" <dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au>
To: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>, <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
References: <001201bfc795$c2b687e0$37ed7ad1@leegold1>
Subject: Re: any good books?
Date: Sun, 28 May 2000 00:26:11 +1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.5600
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.5600
Sender: owner-freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG
Precedence: bulk
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org

I've done what I hope is considered a quite verbose newbie guide to basic
install &
configuration up to gateway specification. It still needs a lot more  work
but by the
same token its much closer to what many newbies want than anything else I've
seen
around. Have a look at the stuff I've done so far & tell me what you think,
particularly
what isn't explained fully enough.

 http://www.apana.org.au/FreeBSD/FreeBSD_Tutorial/


----- Original Message -----
From: "leegold" <goldtech@worldpost.com>
To: <freebsd-newbies@FreeBSD.ORG>
Sent: Saturday, May 27, 2000 2:41 PM
Subject: any good books?


> >Are there any good books on just simple how-to stuff like configuring a
> >printer, or finding out what the printer files are and how to manipulate
> >them, or finding where your modem is and configuring?  Basically, what
I'm
> >looking for is a FreeBSD book for the Windows professional.  I can do
damn
> >near anything in a Windows/DOS environment, but put me on a FBSD box and
> >I'm
> >less than a rookie  :(
> >me,
> >b
>
> I haven't found any books like that.
> If you have a user's group near you, that's the ticket. I found that some
> Linux groups have FBSD users too.  I have been fantasizing about a book
> that's and intro. to unix AND a freeBSD guide at the same time. Most intro
> level unix docs. bone you up on telneting into a server and then
explaining
> the file system first, then commands, ect.
>
> it would be cool for a intro unix book to use the FBSD platform as the
> learning vehicle. also would be a great sysadmin learning tool, - just get
> some old clones and set up a network, servers, subnets - hands-on at
home -
> "we'll show you how".
>
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Bryan Otteson" <ares@ida.net>
> To: <freebsd-newbies@freebsd.org>
> Sent: Friday, May 26, 2000 8:23 PM
> Subject: any good books?
>
>
>
>
>
>
> To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
> with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message
>



To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org
with "unsubscribe freebsd-newbies" in the body of the message