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Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2024 11:09:03 -0500
From: Christopher Sean Hilton <chris@vindaloo.com>
To: questions@freebsd.org
Subject: Error: "Loader need to be updated" on boot in various combinations
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I'm in the process of updating a set of machines from FreeBSD 13.2 and FreeBSD 13.3 to
13.4. If the machine starts on 13.2, then my process is:
```
# freebsd-update upgrade -r 13.3-RELEASE
...
# freebsd-update install; reboot
...
# freebsd-update install
...
# freebsd-update upgrade -r 13.4-RELEASE
...
```
I haven specifically watched, but I will next time, but when I do this I end up with a
machine that boots fine but sends the message:
- "Loader needs to be updated"
All of the machines are VMs running of VMware Fusion or ESXi so I can Snapshot the machines
leaving me free to do some experimentation in my search for a solution. However, searching
around the internet hasn't produced a solution to this problem. I'll give two examples:
One of the machines is an aarch64 VM with ZFS root filesystem.
```
$ gpart show
=> 40 83886000 nda0 GPT (40G)
40 532480 1 efi (260M)
532520 2008 - free - (1.0M)
534528 33554432 2 freebsd-swap (16G)
34088960 49795072 3 freebsd-zfs (24G)
83884032 2008 - free - (1.0M)
=> 40 268435376 nda1 GPT (128G)
40 33554432 1 freebsd-swap (16G)
33554472 234880944 2 freebsd-zfs (112G)
$ mount | egrep efi
/dev/gpt/efiboot0 on /boot/efi (msdosfs, local)
$
```
I've copied `/boot/loader.efi` to both `/boot/efi/efi/freebsd/loader.efi` and
`/boot/efi/efi/boot/bootaa64.efi`. The `efibootmgr -v` command reports that the
`.../freebsd/loader.efi` file is the one in use. Unfortunately, this didn't fix the problem.
----------------------------------------
My second machine is an amd64 VM with a UFS root filesystem:
```
$ gpart show
=> 40 33554352 da0 GPT (16G)
40 1024 1 freebsd-boot (512K)
1064 2096128 2 freebsd-ufs (1.0G)
2097192 8388608 3 freebsd-swap (4.0G)
10485800 12582912 4 freebsd-ufs (6.0G)
23068712 2097152 5 freebsd-ufs (1.0G)
25165864 8388528 6 freebsd-ufs (4.0G)
$
```
I found a [post on the FreeBSD
forums](https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/update-of-the-bootcodes-for-a-gpt-scheme-x64-architecture.80163/)
that suggested using gpart as follows:
`gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptboot -i 1 da0`
Again, since this is a virtual machine, and honestly not a hard one to rebuild, I took a
snapshot, fired off the gpart command, and again found the "Loader needs to be updated"
error message.
----------------------------------------
I understand that there are lots of different situations here. I'm willing to fork my
question into two questions to keep things easy to follow.
**Q:** _What's the root cause here?_ It seems like I'm not addressing the root cause.
--
Chris
__o "All I was trying to do was get home from work."
_`\<,_ -Rosa Parks
___(*)/_(*)____.___o____..___..o...________ooO..._____________________
Christopher Sean Hilton [chris/at/vindaloo/dot/com]