From nobody Mon Mar 9 07:32:58 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fTpdX0hP5z6VL4Y for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 07:33:04 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fTpdX007Jz3QSc for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 07:33:03 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773041584; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=K4ntD7sOB0b2+F+RXCFvZe20B/EtYHvYxEtYpkgP778=; b=tTCHQkl7ttaBKyrOyYW7U8WW+rXG54ILjHgDlhYVVP5ac1YYIVf3at+32am3hGhzCvaqPi CSEGqWO8GVnRm829/eCcWM9O0K+8xHFzraTXdxaVEPg3ZKxf2ZQC9G2XystUNspwvSi02m Tbg35JcVquEsRcMRTS0ISH6tNbLbaSf9ZpVuvBEJMvei/L0thPxFy44+9QX2Vq2JVOg8WW v2ThHUc0L3T0grn6DGlUE5pqWWm7Vlax439PgGaIvf70IR+jCGVvfqyb1x0E3Ef6rLfB81 18Mj0VQYvwDKYsP9XYbiN5T+4/CzUCKv2KytqP4lYUwqrseE78zHmMVK1K4hWQ== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773041584; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=EwkfealbTo6S1zEraUwoy5hnWMc+ernlDlrDLHdNJYmzGgDCS9o4nIg7VDZPdeZKp+rKid GLJNzYNkrAlpc8Prw4aPuhLyj50VniHAgBg0QiAoawr10d4ZzlMLBe6hMpNie0lg/vByFu /iKD1GKGAtL4F7bxJVMXvA4dOxNbo1HCii6nd036akwT5sH1N1/iZbQ/xfGoim1xh77k6b xfHVYspCjIx1iIt8MKvyF+UWL5pCYbJq6qfiilb85l9+ElArWLvObxVIt9d3ZY0HeFhVyt MooByjDSgST4rknXNLF+jgRrZSM5FYvUnwzWNPRMbQHYMoUr+BD+P7vVAsN11Q== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773041584; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=K4ntD7sOB0b2+F+RXCFvZe20B/EtYHvYxEtYpkgP778=; b=h9QJ1owwypR3T14u2WQyJtZcBHuRENnHPSo+9ndAwS2U7Mrj6MUb25c6HhqNEjljjyRUkB QNht0/beKDx+jiJWskemiS1/W7VTmRL7e8E+sGyqyDe2wEivHBaT80hnNRkPTJtlAyzEBC Tq30Ud/i4w+inyMUJsyXGxuHE6amTIQAjmrCW8p9fD4NsyqvsdaWp88E/GxzRtG/hJUykP +BZ8Kn9YM8aoACudgyp1gFNN1kBRPHqqiEtn8z9Lc5zCjg1zEenQueA5qDaVooIHHroEYJ S4pV/pLE9zHexXFF2QOCsiY+aZUkbJrF7Rg9xhSoPG0Vc2YNH0eq+p92nZcOtA== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fTpdW6hT2z1Nq for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 07:33:03 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 31d5d by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 07:32:58 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Alexander Ziaee Subject: git: 3eb3eda63e - main - 14.4/relnote: Add to manual section List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: ziaee X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 3eb3eda63ee9b17a5255b09af1ef9f2bb6d2e47e Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 07:32:58 +0000 Message-Id: <69ae77aa.31d5d.46d99518@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by ziaee: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=3eb3eda63ee9b17a5255b09af1ef9f2bb6d2e47e commit 3eb3eda63ee9b17a5255b09af1ef9f2bb6d2e47e Author: Alexander Ziaee AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 01:13:10 +0000 Commit: Alexander Ziaee CommitDate: 2026-03-09 07:28:05 +0000 14.4/relnote: Add to manual section - builtin(1) rewrite with keybinds(1) appeared - newaliases(1) manpage update moved to manpages - vt(4) learned about increasing console scrollback size - most ethernet switch manuals appeared or were improved - dumpon(8) learned about settings for crash dumps --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc | 23 +++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc index a5aac7cb48..048875487e 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc @@ -293,8 +293,6 @@ gitref:02138275effb[repository=src]. man:unbound[8] has been updated to version 1.24.1. This release includes a security fix for CVE-2025-11411. gitref:eeb41dca070f[repository=src]. -The man:newaliases[1] man page has been updated to clarify that it is for man:sendmail[8]. -gitref:e3df9a78da6b[repository=src]. The man:kadmin[1] utility gains a new `-f` option for dumping Heimdal KDC databases in MIT-compatible format, enabling migration to MIT KDC without recreating the database from scratch. gitref:a93e1b731ae4[repository=src]. @@ -365,7 +363,6 @@ gitref:823f1076c7cd[repository=src], gitref:bb3bc92f4df6[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "OVHCloud" >}} - [[kernel]] == Kernel @@ -512,6 +509,12 @@ This section covers changes to manual (man:man[1]) pages and other documentation Updates the UPDATING file to document that example files are now installed in [.filename]#/usr/share/examples# as intended, due to a prior fix in the build system. gitref:d149be3a0cbe[repository=src]. +The shell man:builtin[1] command manual has been streamlined and gained a new section on built-in keyboard bindings. +gitref:b98efcdb6210[repository=src] + +The man:newaliases[1] man page has been updated to clarify that it is for man:sendmail[8]. +gitref:e3df9a78da6b[repository=src]. + The man:ps[1] man page now documents that `-a` and `-A` show all processes regardless of other selection options, and clarifies the behavior of `-J`. gitref:f18a49a747f7[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} @@ -526,11 +529,20 @@ gitref:ff6b04c37e78[repository=src], gitref:f69bf8f994e5[repository=src], gitref:7d43404485bf[repository=src]. +New or improved manuals have appeared for most Ethernet switch controllers including man:mtkswitch[4], man:ip17x[4], man:ar40xx[4], man:arswitch[4], man:e6000sw[4], and man:e6060sw[4]. +gitref:f31ac06711e6[repository=src], +gitref:17e9eb1e0eb7[repository=src], +gitref:1343a5b616ec[repository=src], +gitref:d0e29f92f7a2[repository=src], +gitref:5e0e046d95a9[repository=src], +gitref:ded154a1df97[repository=src]. + man:linuxkpi[4] and man:linuxkpi_wlan[4] manual pages have been added providing brief documentation on the LinuxKPI and its 802.11 compatibility features. gitref:669062384f55[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -The man:vt[4] manual page now includes a section explaining console fonts, covering conversion, support, and usage. +The man:vt[4] manual page now includes an example on increasing scrollback size and a section explaining console fonts, covering conversion, support, and usage. +gitref:ce92b9d8332a[repository=src]. gitref:c330c43e58d7[repository=src]. The man:cdboot[8] manual page has been added, documenting the previously undocumented cdboot utility. @@ -539,6 +551,9 @@ gitref:d659366cc62a[repository=src]. The man:crash[8] manual page has been updated to reflect current system behavior, removing references to obsolete panic messages and updating guidance on recovery media. gitref:4f2140aa9677[repository=src]. +The man:dumpon[8] manual page now shows settings to adjust the behavior of man:crash[8] dumps. +gitref:7c8717183536[repository=src]. + The man:ipfw[8] manual page now documents how to delete a NAT configuration instance. gitref:186ac4724746[repository=src]. From nobody Mon Mar 9 08:51:42 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fTrNM6XMpz6VQNd for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 08:51:47 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fTrNM6F79z3WR1 for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 08:51:47 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773046307; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: 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gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 08:51:42 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 4939946683 - main - website: fix empty SA and EN section in 14.1R and earlier relnotes List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 493994668334a54e8efd57a7452913f4d936cb82 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 08:51:42 +0000 Message-Id: <69ae8a1e.3a351.19d43ead@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=493994668334a54e8efd57a7452913f4d936cb82 commit 493994668334a54e8efd57a7452913f4d936cb82 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 08:50:48 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-09 08:50:48 +0000 website: fix empty SA and EN section in 14.1R and earlier relnotes Relnotes of 14.1, 14.0, 13.3, 13.2, 13.1 and 13.0 updated Reported by: Christian Ullrich Reviewed by: ziaee Approved by: ziaee Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55706 PR: 282330 --- website/content/en/releases/13.0R/relnotes.adoc | 34 +++- website/content/en/releases/13.1R/errata.adoc | 1 + website/content/en/releases/13.1R/relnotes.adoc | 203 +++++++++++++++++++++++- website/content/en/releases/13.2R/relnotes.adoc | 135 +++++++++++++++- website/content/en/releases/13.3R/relnotes.adoc | 131 ++++++++++++++- website/content/en/releases/14.0R/relnotes.adoc | 24 ++- website/content/en/releases/14.1R/relnotes.adoc | 107 ++++++++++++- 7 files changed, 606 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/13.0R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/13.0R/relnotes.adoc index 046186e239..d39a8b433f 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/13.0R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/13.0R/relnotes.adoc @@ -74,9 +74,37 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel | Date | Topic -|No advisories. -| -| +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access] +| 24 February 2021 +| login.access fails to apply rules + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove] +| 24 February 2021 +| man:jail_remove[2] fails to kill all jailed processes + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir] +| 24 February 2021 +| man:jail_attach[2] relies on the caller to change the cwd + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:06.xen.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:06.xen] +| 24 February 2021 +| Xen grant mapping error handling issues + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl] +| 25 March 2021 +| Multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm] +| 6 April 2021 +| Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter] +| 6 April 2021 +| double free in man:accept_filter[9] socket configuration interface + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount] +| 6 April 2021 +| jail escape possible by mounting over jail root |=== diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/errata.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/errata.adoc index b153493574..e09bb8f309 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/errata.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/errata.adoc @@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ For a list of all FreeBSD CERT security advisories, see https://www.FreeBSD.org/ |=== |Advisory |Date |Topic |link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf] |9 August 2022 |Out of bound read in elf_note_prpsinfo() +|link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:10.aio.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:10.aio] |9 August 2022 |AIO credential reference count leak |link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:11.vm.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:11.vm] |9 August 2022 |Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping |link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:12.lib9p.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:12.lib9p] |9 August 2022 |Missing bounds check in 9p message handling |link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib] |30 August 2022 |zlib heap buffer overflow diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/relnotes.adoc index c2171e970c..5103717230 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/13.1R/relnotes.adoc @@ -59,8 +59,6 @@ After upgrading, sshd (from OpenSSH 8.8p1) will not accept new connections until After installing the new userland, either reboot (as specified in the source update procedure), or execute `service sshd restart`. ==== -//// -XXX: gjb will fill this in just before the release is final [[security-errata]] == Security and Errata @@ -72,7 +70,91 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel [width="100%",cols="40%,30%,30%",options="header",] |=== |Advisory |Date |Topic -|link:https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6.asc[FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6] |1 December 2020 |Use-after-free in error message handling + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access] +| 24 February 2021 +| login.access fails to apply rules + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove] +| 24 February 2021 +| man:jail_remove[2] fails to kill all jailed processes + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir] +| 24 February 2021 +| man:jail_attach[2] relies on the caller to change the cwd + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:06.xen.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:06.xen] +| 24 February 2021 +| Xen grant mapping error handling issues + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm] +| 6 April 2021 +| Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter] +| 6 April 2021 +| double free in man:accept_filter[9] socket configuration interface + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount] +| 6 April 2021 +| jail escape possible by mounting over jail root + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap] +| 26 May 2021 +| SMAP bypass + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius] +| 26 May 2021 +| Missing message validation in man:libradius[3] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve] +| 24 August 2021 +| Missing error handling in man:bhyve[8] device models + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec] +| 24 August 2021 +| Remote code execution in man:ggatec[8] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch] +| 24 August 2021 +| libfetch out of bounds read + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl] +| 24 August 2021 +| Multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt] +| 11 January 2022 +| vt console buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi] +| 15 March 2022 +| Multiple WiFi issues + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl] +| 15 March 2022 +| OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap] +| 6 April 2022 +| Potential jail escape vulnerabilities in netmap + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve] +| 6 April 2022 +| Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl] +| 6 April 2022 +| mpr/mps/mpt driver ioctl heap out-of-bounds write + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid] +| 6 April 2022 +| 802.11 heap buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:08.zlib.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:08.zlib] +| 6 April 2022 +| zlib compression out-of-bounds write + |=== [[errata]] @@ -81,9 +163,120 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel [width="100%",cols="40%,30%,30%",options="header",] |=== |Errata |Date |Topic -|link:https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit.asc[FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit] |1 December 2020 |execve/fexecve system call auditing + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert] +| 26 May 2021 +| Kernel double free when transmitting on a divert socket + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt] +| 26 May 2021 +| man:mpt[4] I/O errors with a large maxphys value + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms] +| 26 May 2021 +| man:pms[4] data corruption + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio] +| 26 May 2021 +| man:virtio[4] device probing fails + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc] +| 26 May 2021 +| dc update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius] +| 1 June 2021 +| Incorrect validation in man:rad_get_attr[3] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:18.libc%2B%2B.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:18.libc++] +| 29 June 2021 +| Missing {cpp}20 headers in lib{cpp} + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper] +| 29 June 2021 +| libcasper assertion failure + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:20.vlan.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:20.vlan] +| 29 June 2021 +| Missing backwards compatibility in man:vlan[4] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:21.ipfw.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:21.ipfw] +| 29 June 2021 +| Kernel panic with ipfw link-layer filtering enabled + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex] +| 29 June 2021 +| Linux compatibility layer man:futex[2] system call vulnerability + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:23.virtio_blk.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:23.virtio_blk] +| 24 August 2021 +| man:virtio_blk[4] fails to attach on some hypervisors + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto] +| 24 August 2021 +| OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not exported + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve] +| 24 August 2021 +| Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:26.libevent.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:26.libevent] +| 3 November 2021 +| libevent1 ABI breakage + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot] +| 3 November 2021 +| Root certificate bundle update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:28.vmci.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:28.vmci] +| 3 November 2021 +| Fix kernel panic in vmci driver initialization + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata] +| 3 November 2021 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:01.fsck_ffs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:01.fsck_ffs] +| 11 January 2022 +| fsck_ffs fails to correct certain errors + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave] +| 11 January 2022 +| Incorrect XSAVE state size + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv] +| 11 January 2022 +| vPCI compatibility improvements with certain Hyper-V releases + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:05.tail.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:05.tail] +| 11 January 2022 +| tail -F fails to follow some types of log rotation + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias] +| 11 January 2022 +| Incorrect fragmented IPv4 packet handling in libalias + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:07.la57.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:07.la57] +| 1 February 2022 +| Intel CPU LA57 boot failure + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:10.zfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:10.zfs] +| 15 March 2022 +| ZFS writes fail to update file size + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:11.zfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:11.zfs] +| 15 March 2022 +| ZFS man:lseek[2] inconsistencies + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:12.zfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:12.zfs] +| 15 March 2022 +| ZFS panic upon concurrent 'zfs list' calls + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata] +| 22 March 2022 +| Timezone database information update + |=== -//// [[userland]] == Userland diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/13.2R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/13.2R/relnotes.adoc index 222d3eda7b..575079f1ef 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/13.2R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/13.2R/relnotes.adoc @@ -76,8 +76,6 @@ After installing the user-level components with the second invocation of freebsd For example, older versions of `sshd` failed to process incoming connections correctly after the new [.filename]#/usr/sbin/sshd# was installed; rebooting started a new `sshd` and other daemons. ==== -//// -XXX: gjb will fill this in just before the release is final [[security-errata]] == Security and Errata @@ -89,7 +87,67 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel [width="100%",cols="40%,30%,30%",options="header",] |=== |Advisory |Date |Topic -|link:https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6.asc[FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6] |1 December 2020 |Use-after-free in error message handling + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl] +| 15 March 2022 +| OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap] +| 6 April 2022 +| Potential jail escape vulnerabilities in netmap + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve] +| 6 April 2022 +| Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl] +| 6 April 2022 +| mpr/mps/mpt driver ioctl heap out-of-bounds write + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid] +| 6 April 2022 +| 802.11 heap buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:08.zlib.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:08.zlib] +| 6 April 2022 +| zlib compression out-of-bounds write + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf] +| 9 August 2022 +| Out of bound read in elf_note_prpsinfo() + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:11.vm.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:11.vm] +| 9 August 2022 +| Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:12.lib9p.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:12.lib9p] +| 9 August 2022 +| Missing bounds check in 9p message handling + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib] +| 30 August 2022 +| zlib heap buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:14.heimdal.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:14.heimdal] +| 15 November 2022 +| Multiple vulnerabilities in Heimdal [REVISED] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-22:15.ping.asc[FreeBSD-SA-22:15.ping] +| 29 November 2022 +| Stack overflow in man:ping[8] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:01.geli.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:01.geli] +| 8 February 2023 +| GELI silently omits the keyfile if read from stdin + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:02.openssh.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:02.openssh] +| 16 February 2023 +| OpenSSH pre-authentication double free + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:03.openssl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:03.openssl] +| 16 February 2023 +| Multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL + |=== [[errata]] @@ -98,9 +156,76 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel [width="100%",cols="40%,30%,30%",options="header",] |=== |Errata |Date |Topic -|link:https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit.asc[FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit] |1 December 2020 |execve/fexecve system call auditing + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata] +| 22 March 2022 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:16.kqueue.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:16.kqueue] +| 9 August 2022 +| man:kevent[2] timers fire too often + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:17.cam.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:17.cam] +| 9 August 2022 +| Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:19.pam_exec.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:19.pam_exec] +| 9 August 2022 +| NULL pointer dereference in man:pam_exec[8] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata] +| 30 August 2022 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:21.zfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:21.zfs] +| 1 November 2022 +| ZFS B-Tree use-after-free + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:22.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:22.tzdata] +| 1 November 2022 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:23.vm.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:23.vm] +| 1 November 2022 +| Memory pages become unreclaimable + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:24.zfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:24.zfs] +| 1 November 2022 +| ZFS snapshot directories not accessible over NFS + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:25.tcp.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:25.tcp] +| 28 August 2022 +| Possible data corruption with TCP SACK retransmissions + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:26.cam.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:26.cam] +| 1 November 2022 +| CAM man:ioctl[2] compatibility breakage + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:27.loader.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:27.loader] +| 1 November 2022 +| UEFI loader failing to boot older amd64 kernels + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-22:28.heimdal.asc[FreeBSD-EN-22:28.heimdal] +| 29 November 2022 +| Regression in Heimdal KDC + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:01.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:01.tzdata] +| 8 February 2022 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:02.sdhci.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:02.sdhci] +| 8 February 2023 +| man:sdhci[4] broken write-protect settings + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:03.ena.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:03.ena] +| 8 February 2023 +| ena driver crash after reset in 7th gen AWS instance types + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:04.ixgbe.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:04.ixgbe] +| 8 February 2023 +| ixgbe incorrectly reports input errors for 82599ES + |=== -//// [[userland]] == Userland diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/13.3R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/13.3R/relnotes.adoc index fad01dc7a3..4f769fc445 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/13.3R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/13.3R/relnotes.adoc @@ -76,8 +76,6 @@ After installing the user-level components with the second invocation of freebsd For example, older versions of `sshd` failed to process incoming connections correctly after the new [.filename]#/usr/sbin/sshd# was installed; rebooting started a new `sshd` and other daemons. ==== -//// -XXX: Release Engineering Lead will fill this in just before the release is final [[security-errata]] == Security and Errata @@ -89,7 +87,71 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel [width="100%",cols="40%,30%,30%",options="header",] |=== |Advisory |Date |Topic -|link:https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6.asc[FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6] |1 December 2020 |Use-after-free in error message handling + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:04.pam_krb5.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:04.pam_krb5] +| 21 June 2023 +| Network authentication attack via pam_krb5 + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:06.ipv6.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:06.ipv6] +| 1 August 2023 +| Remote denial of service in IPv6 fragment reassembly + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:07.bhyve.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:07.bhyve] +| 1 August 2023 +| bhyve privileged guest escape via fwctl + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:08.ssh.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:08.ssh] +| 1 August 2023 +| Potential remote code execution via ssh-agent forwarding + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:09.pam_krb5.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:09.pam_krb5] +| 1 August 2023 +| Network authentication attack via pam_krb5 + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:10.pf.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:10.pf] +| 6 September 2023 +| pf incorrectly handles multiple IPv6 fragment headers + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:11.wifi.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:11.wifi] +| 6 September 2023 +| Wi-Fi encryption bypass + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:12.msdosfs.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:12.msdosfs] +| 3 October 2023 +| msdosfs data disclosure + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:13.capsicum.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:13.capsicum] +| 3 October 2023 +| copy_file_range insufficient capability rights check + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:14.smccc.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:14.smccc] +| 3 October 2023 +| arm64 boot CPUs may lack speculative execution protections + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:15.stdio.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:15.stdio] +| 7 November 2023 +| libc stdio buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:16.cap_net.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:16.cap_net] +| 8 November 2023 +| Incorrect libcap_net limitation list manipulation + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:17.pf.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:17.pf] +| 5 December 2023 +| TCP spoofing vulnerability in man:pf[4] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:18.nfsclient.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:18.nfsclient] +| 12 December 2023 +| NFS client data corruption and kernel memory disclosure + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:19.openssh.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:19.openssh] +| 19 December 2023 +| Prefix Truncation Attack in the SSH protocol + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-24:01.bhyveload.asc[FreeBSD-SA-24:01.bhyveload] +| 14 February 2024 +| man:bhyveload[8] host file access + |=== [[errata]] @@ -98,8 +160,69 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel [width="100%",cols="40%,30%,30%",options="header",] |=== |Errata |Date |Topic + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:05.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:05.tzdata] +| 21 June 2023 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:06.loader.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:06.loader] +| 21 June 2023 +| x86 kernel console configuration + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:07.mpr.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:07.mpr] +| 21 June 2023 +| man:mpr[4] may fail to initialize devices + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:09.freebsd-update.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:09.freebsd-update] +| 6 September 2023 +| freebsd-update incorrectly merges files on upgrade + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:10.pci.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:10.pci] +| 6 September 2023 +| PCI-e hot-plug is broken with certain devices + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:11.caroot.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:11.caroot] +| 6 September 2023 +| Root certificate bundle update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:12.freebsd-update.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:12.freebsd-update] +| 3 October 2023 +| freebsd-update to 14.0 fails + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:13.freebsd-update.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:13.freebsd-update] +| 8 November 2023 +| freebsd-update does not handle deep boot environments + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:14.regcomp.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:14.regcomp] +| 8 November 2023 +| Incorrect regular expression escape handling + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:15.sanitizer.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:15.sanitizer] +| 1 December 2023 +| Clang sanitizer failure with ASLR enabled + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:16.openzfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:16.openzfs] +| 1 December 2023 +| OpenZFS data corruption + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:21.tty.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:21.tty] +| 24 November 2023 +| man:tty[4] IUTF8 causes a kernel panic + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:22.vfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:22.vfs] +| 5 December 2023 +| ZFS snapshot directories not accessible over NFS + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:02.libutil.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:02.libutil] +| 14 February 2024 +| Login class resource limits and CPU mask bypass + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:03.kqueue.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:03.kqueue] +| 14 February 2024 +| man:kqueue_close[2] page fault on exit using man:rfork[2] + |=== -//// + [[userland]] == Userland diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.0R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.0R/relnotes.adoc index 14d6e83b7a..2d3ba5333f 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.0R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.0R/relnotes.adoc @@ -123,9 +123,17 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel | Date | Topic -|No advisories. -| -| +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl.asc[FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl] +| 25 March 2021 +| Multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:15.stdio.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:15.stdio] +| 7 November 2023 +| libc stdio buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:16.cap_net.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:16.cap_net] +| 8 November 2023 +| Incorrect libcap_net limitation list manipulation |=== @@ -139,9 +147,13 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel | Date | Topic -|No notices. -| -| +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:13.freebsd-update.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:13.freebsd-update] +| 8 November 2023 +| man:freebsd-update[8] does not handle deep boot environments + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:14.regcomp.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:14.regcomp] +| 8 November 2023 +| Incorrect regular expression escape handling |=== diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.1R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.1R/relnotes.adoc index 4c5315a9d6..d121f65fad 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.1R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.1R/relnotes.adoc @@ -83,9 +83,37 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel | Date | Topic -|No advisories. -| -| +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:15.stdio.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:15.stdio] +| 7 November 2023 +| libc stdio buffer overflow + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:16.cap_net.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:16.cap_net] +| 8 November 2023 +| Incorrect libcap_net limitation list manipulation + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:17.pf.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:17.pf] +| 5 December 2023 +| TCP spoofing vulnerability in man:pf[4] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:18.nfsclient.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:18.nfsclient] +| 12 December 2023 +| NFS client data corruption and kernel memory disclosure + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:19.openssh.asc[FreeBSD-SA-23:19.openssh] +| 19 December 2023 +| Prefix Truncation Attack in the SSH protocol + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-24:01.bhyveload.asc[FreeBSD-SA-24:01.bhyveload] +| 14 February 2024 +| man:bhyveload[8] host file access + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-24:02.tty.asc[FreeBSD-SA-24:02.tty] +| 14 February 2024 +| man:jail[2] information leak + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-24:03.unbound.asc[FreeBSD-SA-24:03.unbound] +| 28 March 2024 +| Multiple vulnerabilities in unbound |=== @@ -99,10 +127,77 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel | Date | Topic -|No notices. -| -| +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:13.freebsd-update.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:13.freebsd-update] +| 8 November 2023 +| freebsd-update does not handle deep boot environments + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:14.regcomp.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:14.regcomp] +| 8 November 2023 +| Incorrect regular expression escape handling + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:15.sanitizer.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:15.sanitizer] +| 1 December 2023 +| Clang sanitizer failure with ASLR enabled + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:16.openzfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:16.openzfs] +| 1 December 2023 +| OpenZFS data corruption + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:17.ossl.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:17.ossl] +| 5 December 2023 +| man:ossl[4]'s AES-GCM implementation may give incorrect results + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:18.openzfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:18.openzfs] +| 5 December 2023 +| High CPU usage by ZFS kernel threads + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:19.pkgbase.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:19.pkgbase] +| 5 December 2023 +| Incorrect pkgbase version number for FreeBSD 14.0 + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:20.vm.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:20.vm] +| 5 December 2023 +| Incorrect results from the kernel physical memory allocator + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:21.tty.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:21.tty] +| 24 November 2023 +| man:tty[4] IUTF8 causes a kernel panic + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-23:22.vfs.asc[FreeBSD-EN-23:22.vfs] +| 5 December 2023 +| ZFS snapshot directories not accessible over NFS + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:01.tzdata.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:01.tzdata] +| 14 February 2024 +| Timezone database information update + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:02.libutil.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:02.libutil] +| 14 February 2024 +| Login class resource limits and CPU mask bypass + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:03.kqueue.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:03.kqueue] +| 14 February 2024 +| man:kqueue_close[2] page fault on exit using man:rfork[2] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:04.ip.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:04.ip] +| 14 February 2024 +| Kernel panic triggered by man:bind[2] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:05.tty.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:05.tty] +| 28 March 2024 +| TTY Kernel Panic + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:06.wireguard.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:06.wireguard] +| 28 March 2024 +| Insufficient barriers in WireGuard man:if_wg[4] + +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:07.clang.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:07.clang] +| 28 March 2024 +| Clang crash when certain optimization is enabled +| link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-EN-24:08.kerberos.asc[FreeBSD-EN-24:08.kerberos] +| 28 March 2024 +| Kerberos segfaults when using weak crypto |=== From nobody Mon Mar 9 14:58:46 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV0Ww0S5vz6Vr9W for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 14:58:52 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fV0Wv6tv8z4KM6 for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 14:58:51 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773068332; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: 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gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 14:58:46 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Alexander Ziaee Subject: git: b2563e702a - main - relnotes template: Add table of contents List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: ziaee X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: b2563e702aa7234c8472165b1cdbe5bf579e4e7f Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 14:58:46 +0000 Message-Id: <69aee026.37acc.65dcab87@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by ziaee: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=b2563e702aa7234c8472165b1cdbe5bf579e4e7f commit b2563e702aa7234c8472165b1cdbe5bf579e4e7f Author: Alexander Ziaee AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 14:55:20 +0000 Commit: Alexander Ziaee CommitDate: 2026-03-09 14:57:56 +0000 relnotes template: Add table of contents --- website/archetypes/release/relnotes.adoc | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/website/archetypes/release/relnotes.adoc b/website/archetypes/release/relnotes.adoc index c3748908af..296d9f4066 100644 --- a/website/archetypes/release/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/archetypes/release/relnotes.adoc @@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ The release notes for FreeBSD {releaseCurrent} contain a summary of the changes This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented. +toc::[] + [[intro]] == Introduction From nobody Mon Mar 9 15:27:29 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV1931rkSz6Vt2v for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:27:35 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fV1931JVtz4Mxw for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:27:35 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773070055; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=f86COtcfxg3oRGWoQ19BfqAZSF0tTiZ/91J9cNdrlCY=; b=Z/C+oIrHuYBHAWCoE/EgO6gl8uINPXpfgWqxw7P72a0WoZD/fh0N0DCeuni84/rB3/y+Ti NFG2+H+sf8AboUU15nkNVV9SC2BJ4T0gzPGKCPjfYUJ8JKa7+K7e0f+HNAqqm2a0llKCk3 xKjlUXIswCpWIc+SyEYfUpGJmaY/UrBOMNiZ8p8HQG92SMOhz4ils+7Ml20mDm933ddR7C jWYY7VfIAwkYLVoYpTWJ2BK27n5Av/I+7/LiTV2FEcnn9ZSycabgnTqsYMAy5f3vuEgARK YLbo1WfKcGVx7g1y+0kfzAZPTUHBCThAimPnOW4YiYguhFvtmJHZfmGsQyGEWA== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773070055; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=UrC60BxsTXQMF25buhnWuGgpKuZT8ACcIyFWbXlS8cpa5qAMidftVGqfAbUkvAidKSWenU DGLnlRG7FoWNT6FJGodgIDu5+01xzMTPM4APmshJiDmhYvyZJJDLtSSdT4FgSDU/PtZ4SP EUyo9uYze6q6VHCn2UOhAUuQ3mtjyqdJZNLj1BM7qZafUGOkepBM9wa7ThX+CuFKPj2OUk +h99U38uz8gWv7dfl9EX7d+P2DnCdpDQn7j878E+4/Gf/vq7qDD/mLgVSnARMJUWqCTv8/ oVVJgx2RRjGMsYqQSmpIM4qQF8Jk0Rj/iRz+hrTYwSKMjbOez0lJbfldwEjr6Q== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773070055; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=f86COtcfxg3oRGWoQ19BfqAZSF0tTiZ/91J9cNdrlCY=; b=JeAvr/oLHurtz1+4WC+CU/E4wkXBWZFbgPiWCUiYkCJUgjZpTkPApm0w0zsJzzwFgZ+1P1 grfwFGOlXz/7eHTknCHLT4dSVH1B9dBX/y6WL1dJhYtmvrS85+lRHiBNls29phyfjWSeJt egwYSM46074XDIVhGVsQSn6NipAVXFO7yaGt4w0KZ+22wwkI2XbgNB48P+xhQoAnaUPmxx slywjKW+MkaJFX5ZqEzo/j3agxNadTCYPzZ3aX6QrnJ3lRqRhzYjQKHPMyRWAlwzI5F4Pq anZ04Qri15otyDGjuD3Cq4AG0VwEgqqJx3NfsFmiKUwf/ERyMJ7sLzpv7tOrVg== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV1930Q8DzWdn for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:27:35 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 39bff by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:27:29 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: a30fa49aa4 - main - 14.4/relnotes: final cleaning List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: a30fa49aa4a2d9c762688b53f67204d8239c19ff Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:27:29 +0000 Message-Id: <69aee6e1.39bff.af75318@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=a30fa49aa4a2d9c762688b53f67204d8239c19ff commit a30fa49aa4a2d9c762688b53f67204d8239c19ff Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 15:22:27 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-09 15:26:28 +0000 14.4/relnotes: final cleaning Empty sections removed. Release version in variables rechecked. Reviewed by: ziaee Approved by: ziaee, re (implicit) Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55764 --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/readme.adoc | 2 +- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc | 14 -------------- 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/readme.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/readme.adoc index 53a45a9391..70c76cbf84 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/readme.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/readme.adoc @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ sidenav: download :releaseType: release :releaseBranch: 14-STABLE :releasePrevStable: X.Y-RELEASE -:releasePrev: X.Y-RELEASE +:releasePrev: 14.3-RELEASE include::shared/releases.adoc[] include::shared/en/urls.adoc[] diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc index 048875487e..7b44910c94 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc @@ -187,9 +187,6 @@ This section lists the various Security Advisories and Errata Notices since {rel This section covers changes and additions to userland applications, contributed software, and system utilities. -[[userland-config]] -=== Userland Configuration Changes - [[userland-programs]] === Userland Application Changes @@ -565,14 +562,3 @@ gitref:0077daf9cdc4[repository=src]. The man:pw[8] manual page now clarifies the acceptable formats for member lists with the `-M`, `-m`, and `-d` flags of the `groupadd` and `groupmod` options. gitref:78343cd2a0f1[repository=src]. - -[[ports]] -== Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure - -This section covers changes to the FreeBSD Ports Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and installation tools. - -[[ports-packages]] -=== Packaging Changes - -[[future-releases]] -== General Notes Regarding Future FreeBSD Releases From nobody Mon Mar 9 15:34:51 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV1KX4WCTz6VtZT for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:34:56 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fV1KX40Wrz4NhP for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:34:56 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773070496; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=kwdKTkYqhzOP3qr8YHHk7NoLlCj+Z824Gwue8T4nlmo=; b=f8EcxvHewqSiD4xtc7ll4n/aN8VQApFkpsi7AoQ2n2g3YqFfmdlcBIXlDgoLJH+Ws76eR0 IvZVAFb74fIBYKo71oVJe5MfsDuuKYtJ0rApf0vvFhum//rTHq8q34+AAtaPFczTWE0PGT m+Th8Aw3xTwq+Y8IPYz09Surv4smrVbw+lOioerWA6SKIJqPihU8uZGEUE4ie9UC+dZo39 JvCwdSP/WURMLpusNKgOTrUbRHmpnQH/1Cfa41N5lZV62ToIuKpt/Bci/daT5WA/eCjglx VEM3Pm7q8xGItXrSF9Hkg6H7/DCqrJ+6JIvUjme2ab3IKoVJUCc9YIKNx4MiDA== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773070496; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=uR/HZR2GbEY9TAms9xjrF0tZq2Kf2IPUH0jKc8xBXMq1n4xsmpdHi7V4AH6TPqsXj5HBbo 1ghNahjR5jcSYrdDHS8xK84aUDpKxsuO+WjwVSi/KiGMsH4Xh4ubdPRQ80ovWXA/2Hyaqb LvbYABj773NjAm8YPw/HvZroBZULcCLBiNQmGICjOUStQ9zRfKVu4Zh5cfZqT9kNKfx7Pw HxSeK4bcJ7ztR3MW4rw3y5s5JJbH/uRPrbzzdiWBbYIDrnYzb1Q+UMWXQhR7/5H3LZigk4 SEJZoGLx5SXlJQw6ByW+LOhOi4eJQVUPydhueVxM0SQZdMvEA5xOaCD56+e7UA== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773070496; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=kwdKTkYqhzOP3qr8YHHk7NoLlCj+Z824Gwue8T4nlmo=; b=Ka72vISOylmirBMiTcQsOrX93zlTdm74jdM2+MHLbMVTSvM9V04btq23AncVTPFnGlIuMa 2lZNbT8ivpMS2nlN3nz5MFjjsfzrrd6fu60QZAifibVwqaJBkF32sGhmIqoX1O7D7XqcIE 1HtIuzx3E4QlbNHtRHuTD2z0fldt0UofNv7u4pDwRBfTmzX1Tw/XPmqtRTWuU2jLx77u+m RCo/6hW97ppfytPgfoxZl0RcBzNG1KOlWcYkkIwmNYvbQuztAfN9MgGT8aLwdT+c4EHSNu KtmvSjy7OI5AiYvN76I1DAP5d+LRwwa/HuI/f6yFqeH3IukQ/+B3V/u2G7nj+g== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV1KX3PNSzXG3 for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:34:56 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 3cebe by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:34:51 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: a7739ed68f - main - 14.4/errata: add issue - freebsd-update hanging when pkg is not bootstrapped List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: a7739ed68fa9b38e4dc2d00fc66b152bb1d299ad Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 15:34:51 +0000 Message-Id: <69aee89b.3cebe.bdfe750@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=a7739ed68fa9b38e4dc2d00fc66b152bb1d299ad commit a7739ed68fa9b38e4dc2d00fc66b152bb1d299ad Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 15:34:13 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-09 15:34:13 +0000 14.4/errata: add issue - freebsd-update hanging when pkg is not bootstrapped Add an erratum describing a problem where freebsd-update(8) commands such as fetch or install may hang when pkg(8) is not bootstrapped. The erratum also documents a workaround: bootstrap pkg(8) before running freebsd-update(8). Reviewed by: ziaee, grahamperrin Approved by: ziaee, re (implicit) Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55754 PR: 293640 --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc index f457121331..82b5ac2777 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc @@ -63,7 +63,9 @@ For a list of all FreeBSD CERT security advisories, see https://www.FreeBSD.org/ [[open-issues]] == Open Issues -No open issues. +1. **man:freebsd-update[8]** commands such as `fetch` or `install` may hang when man:pkg[8] is not bootstrapped on the system. + +**Workaround**: run man:pkg[8] to install the package management tool, then reuse man:freebsd-update[8]. + +**State**: open - https://bugs.freebsd.org/293516 + [[late-news]] == Late-Breaking News From nobody Mon Mar 9 19:16:21 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV6F25dzyz6Tm4s for ; 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Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:21 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 23236 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:21 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Alexander Ziaee Subject: git: aa29975e70 - main - 14.4/hardware: Strip backslashes List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: ziaee X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: aa29975e70315b9c9b43ec5ee7d3aff7464331a2 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:21 +0000 Message-Id: <69af1c85.23236.72b79840@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by ziaee: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=aa29975e70315b9c9b43ec5ee7d3aff7464331a2 commit aa29975e70315b9c9b43ec5ee7d3aff7464331a2 Author: Alexander Ziaee AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 19:15:26 +0000 Commit: Alexander Ziaee CommitDate: 2026-03-09 19:15:26 +0000 14.4/hardware: Strip backslashes We never did figure out how these get in here. --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/hardware.adoc | 74 ++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/hardware.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/hardware.adoc index cf053784b5..e09fd10850 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/hardware.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/hardware.adoc @@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@ ATAPI and non-DMA ATA commands executed one by one for each port. The -**ocs\_fc** +**ocs_fc** driver supports these Fibre Channel adapters: Emulex 16/8G FC GEN 5 HBAS @@ -1361,7 +1361,7 @@ The driver supports the following USB Fast Ethernet adapters based on the ADMtek AN986 Pegasus chipset: -* Abocom UFE1000, DSB650TX\_NA +* Abocom UFE1000, DSB650TX_NA * Accton USB320-EC, SpeedStream * ADMtek AN986, AN8511 * Billionton USB100, USB100LP, USB100EL, USBE100 @@ -1399,10 +1399,10 @@ AX88172: * Billionton SnapPort * Billionton USB2AR * Buffalo (Melco Inc.) LUA-U2-KTX -* Corega USB2\_TX +* Corega USB2_TX * D-Link DUBE100 * Goodway GWUSB2E -* JVC MP\_PRX1 +* JVC MP_PRX1 * LinkSys USB200M * Netgear FA120 * Sitecom LN-029 @@ -2531,7 +2531,7 @@ driver automatically switches the device from "Zero-CD" mode to modem mode. This behavior can be disabled by setting -*hw.usb.uhso.auto\_switch* +*hw.usb.uhso.auto_switch* to 0 using sysctl(8). @@ -2634,7 +2634,7 @@ The man:adm6996fc[4] driver supports the Infineon ADM6996FC Fast Ethernet switch The -**ar40xx\_switch** +**ar40xx_switch** driver supports the following Gigabit Ethernet switch controllers: * Qualcomm IPQ 4019 Five-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch @@ -2719,7 +2719,7 @@ except those that are based on the AR5005VL chipset. The following cards are among those supported by the -**ath\_hal** +**ath_hal** module: *Card* Chip Bus Standard @@ -3165,7 +3165,7 @@ driver supports PCIe devices with the following chipsets: The -**rtwn\_pci** +**rtwn_pci** driver supports the following PCIe Wi-Fi devices: * Realtek 802.11n wireless 8188 (RTL8188EE) @@ -3174,7 +3174,7 @@ driver supports the following PCIe Wi-Fi devices: The -**rtwn\_usb** +**rtwn_usb** driver supports USB wireless network adapters based on certain Realtek RTL 8188/8192/8812 and 8821 chipsets, including: @@ -4136,7 +4136,7 @@ driver supports the following adapters: The -**snd\_als4000** +**snd_als4000** driver supports the following sound cards: * Avance Logic ALS4000 @@ -4144,7 +4144,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: The -**snd\_atiixp** +**snd_atiixp** driver supports the following audio chipsets: * ATI IXP 200 @@ -4154,7 +4154,7 @@ driver supports the following audio chipsets: The -**snd\_cmi** +**snd_cmi** driver supports the following sound cards: * CMedia CMI8338A @@ -4165,7 +4165,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: The -**snd\_cs4281** +**snd_cs4281** driver supports the following sound cards: * Crystal Semiconductor CS4281 @@ -4173,7 +4173,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: The -**snd\_csa** +**snd_csa** driver supports the following sound cards: * Crystal Semiconductor CS4280 @@ -4192,13 +4192,13 @@ Some onboard CS4610 chips are accompanied by the CS423x ISA codec instead of the CS4297 AC97 codec. Such configurations are not supported by the -**snd\_csa** +**snd_csa** driver yet. The -**snd\_emu10k1** +**snd_emu10k1** driver supports the following sound cards: * Creative SoundBlaster Live! (EMU10K1 Chipset) @@ -4209,7 +4209,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: The -**snd\_emu10kx** +**snd_emu10kx** driver supports the following sound cards: * Creative Sound Blaster Live! (EMU10K1 Chipset). @@ -4226,7 +4226,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: There is no MIDI support for this card. The -**snd\_emu10kx** +**snd_emu10kx** driver does *not* support the following sound cards (although they have names @@ -4246,7 +4246,7 @@ similar to some supported ones): The -**snd\_envy24** +**snd_envy24** driver supports the following audio devices: * M-Audio Audiophile 2496 @@ -4259,7 +4259,7 @@ Recording and other features of these cards are not supported. The -**snd\_envy24ht** +**snd_envy24ht** driver supports the following audio devices: * Audiotrak Prodigy 7.1 @@ -4283,7 +4283,7 @@ Recording and other features of these cards are not supported. The -**snd\_es137x** +**snd_es137x** driver supports the following sound cards: * Creative CT5880-A @@ -4301,7 +4301,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: The -**snd\_fm801** +**snd_fm801** driver supports audio devices based on the following chipset: * Forte Media FM801 @@ -4309,7 +4309,7 @@ driver supports audio devices based on the following chipset: The -**snd\_hda** +**snd_hda** driver supports PCI class 04h (multimedia), subclass 03h @@ -4320,7 +4320,7 @@ Intel High Definition Audio 1.0 specification. The -**snd\_hdspe** +**snd_hdspe** driver supports the following audio devices: * RME HDSPe AIO @@ -4336,7 +4336,7 @@ be mapped to ADAT channels and vice versa. The -**snd\_ich** +**snd_ich** driver supports the following audio devices: * AMD 768 @@ -4361,7 +4361,7 @@ driver supports the following audio devices: The -**snd\_maestro3** +**snd_maestro3** driver supports the following audio devices: * ESS Technology Allegro-1 @@ -4370,7 +4370,7 @@ driver supports the following audio devices: The -**snd\_neomagic** +**snd_neomagic** driver supports the following audio devices: * NeoMagic 256AV @@ -4379,7 +4379,7 @@ driver supports the following audio devices: The -**snd\_solo** +**snd_solo** driver supports the following sound cards: * ESS Solo-1 (ES1938 Chipset) @@ -4388,7 +4388,7 @@ driver supports the following sound cards: The -**snd\_spicds** +**snd_spicds** driver supports the following codecs: * AK4358 @@ -4401,7 +4401,7 @@ driver supports the following codecs: The -**snd\_t4dwave** +**snd_t4dwave** driver supports the following audio devices: * Acer Labs M5451 @@ -4413,7 +4413,7 @@ driver supports the following audio devices: The -**snd\_via8233** +**snd_via8233** driver supports the following audio chipsets: * VIA VT8233 @@ -4426,7 +4426,7 @@ driver supports the following audio chipsets: The -**snd\_via82c686** +**snd_via82c686** driver supports audio devices based on the following chipset: * VIA 82C686A @@ -4434,7 +4434,7 @@ driver supports audio devices based on the following chipset: The -**snd\_vibes** +**snd_vibes** driver supports audio devices based on the following chipset: * S3 SonicVibes @@ -4730,7 +4730,7 @@ The driver supports the following IEEE 1394 OHCI chipsets: The -**ng\_ubt** +**ng_ubt** driver supports all Bluetooth USB devices that conform with the Bluetooth specification v1.1, including: @@ -4998,14 +4998,14 @@ driver provides support for the following devices: The current version of the -**netfpga10g\_nf10bmac** +**netfpga10g_nf10bmac** driver works with one PIO mode interface of the NetFPGA-10G Embedded CPU Ethernet Core version 1.00a. The following PLX/Avago/Broadcom chips are supported by the -**ntb\_hw\_plx** +**ntb_hw_plx** driver: * PEX 8713 @@ -5019,7 +5019,7 @@ driver: These temperature sensors are supported by the -**ow\_temp** +**ow_temp** driver: DS1820 From nobody Mon Mar 9 19:16:20 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fV6F62qJcz6TmWw for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:26 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fV6F56TSYz3rZm for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:25 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; 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Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:20 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Alexander Ziaee Subject: git: 97584c7947 - main - 14.4/relnotes: Editorial pass List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: ziaee X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 97584c794787d0108593aa3bb88285e0ee18d8b2 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:16:20 +0000 Message-Id: <69af1c84.2234c.be4f2eb@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by ziaee: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=97584c794787d0108593aa3bb88285e0ee18d8b2 commit 97584c794787d0108593aa3bb88285e0ee18d8b2 Author: Alexander Ziaee AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 18:52:25 +0000 Commit: Alexander Ziaee CommitDate: 2026-03-09 19:07:11 +0000 14.4/relnotes: Editorial pass - wordsmith for accessibility - consolidate entries where possible - sort alphabetically by approximate manual section --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc | 307 +++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 163 insertions(+), 144 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc index 7b44910c94..4c1e1fea8f 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc @@ -190,155 +190,163 @@ This section covers changes and additions to userland applications, contributed [[userland-programs]] === Userland Application Changes -The man:newfs[8] utility gains a `-u` flag to disable soft updates and soft updates journaling, providing a way to turn off the default soft updates for UFS2 filesystems. -gitref:929ef0d36c6c[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "Klara, Inc. | NetApp, Inc." >}} +The man:diff[1] utility now reports I/O errors encountered during the Stone algorithm's file comparison phase, providing error messages where previously only the exit status indicated failure. +gitref:3c10ed2ba3aa[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "Klara, Inc." >}} -The man:sockstat[1] utility now displays UDP-Lite endpoints by default, providing visibility into these sockets alongside other network connections. -gitref:23cda744e4da[repository=src]. +The man:diff[1] utility no longer incorrectly compares a file or directory to itself, fixing a bug where diff could produce misleading output. In addition, several internal correctness and robustness improvements were made (see related commits), including fixes for resource leaks in the pagination code, improved error handling around file descriptor operations, and prevention of potential integer overflows when using very large context windows. Additional tests were added to cover these cases. +gitref:b4139147bbb7[repository=src], +gitref:6761e555376e[repository=src], +gitref:2434f3b279a9[repository=src], +gitref:238bf5ebf684[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "Klara, Inc." >}} -man:mdo[1] adds new options to control user and group IDs in launched processes, including `-k` to keep current users, `-g` and `-G` to set primary and supplementary groups, `-s` to amend supplementary groups, and `--euid`/`--ruid`/`--svuid`/`--egid`/`--rgid`/`--svgid` to override specific IDs. This provides finer-grained control over process credentials while maintaining compatibility with existing behavior. +The man:mdo[1] privilege-escalation utility adds new options to control user and group IDs in launched processes, including `-k` to keep current users, `-g` and `-G` to set primary and supplementary groups, `-s` to amend supplementary groups, and `--euid`/`--ruid`/`--svuid`/`--egid`/`--rgid`/`--svgid` to override specific IDs. +This provides finer-grained control over process credentials while maintaining compatibility with existing behavior. gitref:58f55afb301b[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation | Google LLC (GSoC 2025)" >}} +The man:sockstat[1] utility now displays UDP-Lite endpoints by default, providing visibility into these sockets alongside other network connections. +gitref:23cda744e4da[repository=src]. + +The man:nuageinit[7] tool now supports the **chpasswd** command, allowing password changes via a list or multiline string, including deprecated syntax for compatibility with some providers. +gitref:6c912470030b[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "OVHCloud" >}} + +The man:pkg[7] utility now parses command-line arguments in the same way as man:pkg[8], requiring options to be placed in the same positions. +**Note**: This changes the behavior of some previously accepted command sequences, such as `pkg -f bootstrap` no longer working; users must use `pkg bootstrap -f` instead. +gitref:62947e508161[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation | The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} + +The man:bsdinstall[8] installer no longer supports ZFS installations using MBR disk layouts. +This removes a previously broken option that could cause installation failures. +gitref:220584471931[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} + The man:freebsd-update[8] utility now installs shared libraries in a specific order (libsys, libc, libthr, then others) to prevent failures during upgrades from 14.x to 15.x. gitref:e26928669f39[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "https://www.patreon.com/cperciva" >}} -The man:ngctl[8] utility gains a `-j` flag to attach and run inside a jail, allowing manipulation of netgraph nodes from within a jail environment. This enables administrators to manage netgraph configurations in jails where ngctl may not be directly available. -gitref:04911babef1b[repository=src]. +The filesystem creation utility, man:newfs[8], gained a `-u` flag to disable the default soft updates and soft updates journaling for UFS2 filesystems. +gitref:929ef0d36c6c[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "Klara, Inc. | NetApp, Inc." >}} -The man:bsdinstall[8] installer no longer supports ZFS installations using MBR disk layouts. This removes a previously broken option that could cause installation failures. -gitref:220584471931[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} +The man:ngctl[8] utility gained a `-j` flag to attach and run inside a jail, allowing manipulation of netgraph nodes from within a man:jail[8]. +This enables administrators to manage netgraph configurations in jails where ngctl may not be directly available. +gitref:04911babef1b[repository=src]. -man:sndctl[8], a new utility has been added for listing and modifying audio device properties using a control-driven interface similar to man:mixer[8]. +A new utility for controlling sound devices, man:sndctl[8], has appeared with an interface similar to man:mixer[8]. gitref:00988d12bc37[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -The man:nuageinit[7] tool now supports the chpasswd command, allowing password changes via a list or multiline string, including deprecated syntax for compatibility with some providers. -gitref:6c912470030b[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "OVHCloud" >}} - -The man:pkg[7] utility now parses command-line arguments in the same way as man:pkg[8], requiring options to be placed in the same positions. This changes the behavior of some previously accepted command sequences, such as `pkg -f bootstrap` no longer working; users must use `pkg bootstrap -f` instead. -gitref:62947e508161[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation | The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} - -Adds meta and env parameters to jails, allowing arbitrary string metadata and environment information to be associated with each jail. The parameters can be set during jail creation or modified later using `jail -cm`, and can be viewed with man:jls[8]. The `security.jail.meta_maxbufsize` sysctl controls the maximum size of these parameters. +The man:jail[8] subsystem has gained `meta` and `env` parameters, allowing arbitrary string metadata and environment information to be associated with each jail. +The parameters can be set during jail creation or modified later using `jail -cm`, and can be viewed with man:jls[8]. +The `security.jail.meta_maxbufsize` man:sysctl[8] controls the maximum size of these parameters. gitref:527027da391d[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "SkunkWerks GmbH" >}} -The man:swapon[8] utility now supports encrypted swap files using man:md[4] devices with an [.filename]#.eli# suffix in man:fstab[5]. This allows encrypted swap to be configured in fstab as previously documented. -gitref:9d80d681ee9d[repository=src]. - -The man:diff[1] utility now reports I/O errors encountered during the Stone algorithm's file comparison phase, providing error messages where previously only the exit status indicated failure. -gitref:3c10ed2ba3aa[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "Klara, Inc." >}} - -The man:diff[1] utility no longer incorrectly compares a file or directory to itself, fixing a bug where diff could produce misleading output. In addition, several internal correctness and robustness improvements were made (see related commits), including fixes for resource leaks in the pagination code, improved error handling around file descriptor operations, and prevention of potential integer overflows when using very large context windows. Additional tests were added to cover these cases. -gitref:b4139147bbb7[repository=src], -gitref:6761e555376e[repository=src], -gitref:2434f3b279a9[repository=src], -gitref:238bf5ebf684[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "Klara, Inc." >}} - The Bluetooth startup script [.filename]#rc.d/bluetooth# now retries the hccontrol reset up to three times for improved reliability and fixes a redirection bug that could create stray files. gitref:53d1c328e912[repository=src]. +The man:swapon[8] utility now supports encrypted swap files using man:md[4] devices with an [.filename]#.eli# suffix in man:fstab[5]. +This allows encrypted swap to be configured in fstab as previously documented. +gitref:9d80d681ee9d[repository=src]. + [[userland-contrib]] === Contributed Software -OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0.16. -gitref:aed5a47b3a8a[repository=src]. +The man:bc[1] and man:dc[1] calculators have been updated to version 7.1.0. +gitref:ab36487a79cd[repository=src]. -Spleen font has been updated to version 2.2.0, adding missing characters (em-dash, en-dash, hyphen, angle brackets, white square, dagger, double dagger) and improving character alignment, particularly for high-dpi displays. -gitref:c44ec96b471e[repository=src]. +The man:bmake[1] build utility has been updated to version 20251111. +gitref:c95f96dea30a[repository=src]. -man:libarchive[3] updated to version 3.8.5. This includes a bug fix for bsdtar to resolve a regression in zero-length pattern handling. -gitref:39fd1181e5b2[repository=src]. +The Kerberos man:kadmin[1] utility gains a new `-f` option for dumping Heimdal KDC databases in MIT-compatible format, enabling migration to MIT KDC without recreating the database from scratch. +gitref:a93e1b731ae4[repository=src]. -man:xz[1] has been updated to version 5.8.2. -gitref:07700b0107dc[repository=src]. +The man:less[1] pager has been updated to version 685. +gitref:054ae5e7b465[repository=src]. -man:mtree[8] has been updated to version from NetBSD, improving compatibility and fixing bugs in mtree. -gitref:f9d671f726ac[repository=src]. +The man:mandoc[1] manual page compiler has been updated to version 2025-09-26, improving case sorting, visual compatability with man:groff[1], fixes to a PDF/PS footer regression, and improvements to the linter. +gitref:7fa4ccb8e4e7[repository=src], +gitref:8039d22f6afd[repository=src]. -pci_vendors database has been updated to version 2026-02-10. -gitref:7805899ed791[repository=src]. +The netcat utility, man:nc[1], now accepts service names like `http' in addition to port numbers for the `-p` option and as command-line arguments. +gitref:0fe58344e829[repository=src]. -tzdata has been updated to version 2025c. -gitref:68e2f4cc5e4e[repository=src]. +The man:xz[1] data compression suite has been updated to version 5.8.2. +gitref:07700b0107dc[repository=src]. -man:bmake[1] has been updated to version 20251111. -gitref:c95f96dea30a[repository=src]. +The multi-format archive and compression library, man:libarchive[3], has been updated to version 3.8.5. +This includes a bug fix for man:tar[1] to resolve a regression in zero-length pattern handling. +gitref:39fd1181e5b2[repository=src]. -SQLite has been updated to version 3.50.4. -gitref:ef55f6b86626[repository=src]. +libyaml has been updated to version 0.2.5. +gitref:e52f11f4bbc8[repository=src]. -The man:unbound[8] DNS resolver mitigates `YXDOMAIN` and nodata non-referral answer poisoning, preventing a malicious actor from exploiting a possible cache poison attack. This addresses CVE-2025-11411. -gitref:cd40a23fb249[repository=src]. +lyaml, a Lua binding for libyaml, is now available in the base system. +gitref:c508393e49fc[repository=src]. -OpenZFS has been updated to version 2.2.9. This release includes improvements to ARC shrinking, fixes for `zpool add` safety checks, zvol blk-mq synchronization, and BRT range conversion math. -gitref:709465f2c4f1[repository=src]. +man:libucl[3] has been updated to version 0.9.2. +gitref:0a8d8b0c878f[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -man:less[1] has been updated to version 685. -gitref:054ae5e7b465[repository=src]. +The expat XML parser has been updated to version 2.7.3. +gitref:a85cfcb61efd[repository=src]. -USB vendor database has been updated to 2025-12-13. -gitref:02138275effb[repository=src]. +The OpenZFS filesystem has been updated to version 2.2.9. +This release includes improvements to ARC shrinking, fixes for `zpool add` safety checks, zvol blk-mq synchronization, and BRT range conversion math. +gitref:709465f2c4f1[repository=src]. -man:unbound[8] has been updated to version 1.24.1. This release includes a security fix for CVE-2025-11411. -gitref:eeb41dca070f[repository=src]. +The man:blacklistd[8] DoS prevention utility has been updated and renamed to man:blocklistd[8]. +gitref:4690a369ff6d[repository=src]. +The mapping tree utility, man:mtree[8], has been updated improving compatibility and fixing bugs. +gitref:f9d671f726ac[repository=src]. -The man:kadmin[1] utility gains a new `-f` option for dumping Heimdal KDC databases in MIT-compatible format, enabling migration to MIT KDC without recreating the database from scratch. -gitref:a93e1b731ae4[repository=src]. +The man:unbound[8] DNS resolver has been updated to version 1.24.1, mitigating `YXDOMAIN` and nodata non-referral answer poisoning, preventing a malicious actor from exploiting a possible cache poison attack. +This addresses CVE-2025-11411. +gitref:eeb41dca070f[repository=src], +gitref:cd40a23fb249[repository=src]. -man:mandoc[1] has been updated to version 2025-09-26. The update improves case sorting in mandoc db, adds macros for AT&T Unix versions 8 and 10, warns on blank lines in man:man[7] like man:mdoc[7], and fixes a PDF/PS footer regression. -gitref:7fa4ccb8e4e7[repository=src]. +The PCI vendors database has been updated to version 2026-02-10. +gitref:7805899ed791[repository=src]. -expat has been updated to version 2.7.3. -gitref:a85cfcb61efd[repository=src]. +The USB vendor database has been updated to 2025-12-13. +gitref:02138275effb[repository=src]. -man:bc[1] and man:dc[1] have been updated to version 7.1.0. -gitref:ab36487a79cd[repository=src]. +The Time Zone database has been updated to version 2025c. +gitref:68e2f4cc5e4e[repository=src]. -The gallant console font now includes over 4300 glyphs, adding support for Greek, Cyrillic, IPA extensions, extended Latin, Zapf Dingbats, arrows, mathematical symbols, box drawing, currency symbols, and Powerline glyphs. This expands the character set available in the console for multilingual text and symbols. -gitref:8d2d6647d65a[repository=src]. +The SQLite database has been updated to version 3.50.4. +gitref:ef55f6b86626[repository=src]. -man:libucl[3] has been updated to version 0.9.2. -gitref:0a8d8b0c878f[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} +The `gallant` console font now includes over 4300 glyphs, adding support for Greek, Cyrillic, IPA extensions, extended Latin, Zapf Dingbats, arrows, mathematical symbols, box drawing, currency symbols, and Powerline glyphs. +This expands the character set available in the console for multilingual text and symbols. +gitref:8d2d6647d65a[repository=src]. -man:mandoc[1] has been updated to Groff Compat Edition with improved groff compatibility in formatting, error handling, and rendering. -gitref:8039d22f6afd[repository=src]. +The `spleen` console font has been updated to version 2.2.0, adding missing characters (em-dash, en-dash, hyphen, angle brackets, white square, dagger, double dagger) and improving character alignment, particularly for high-dpi displays. +gitref:c44ec96b471e[repository=src]. OpenSSH has been updated to version 10.0p2. The update removes support for the weak DSA signature algorithm and changes the default key agreement to the post-quantum hybrid algorithm mlkem768x25519-sha256. The sshd(8) authentication phase now runs in a separate sshd-auth binary. gitref:7ca599aa6139[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -lyaml, a Lua binding for libyaml, is now available in the base system. -gitref:c508393e49fc[repository=src]. - -libyaml has been updated to version 0.2.5. -gitref:e52f11f4bbc8[repository=src]. - -The man:nc[1] (or netcat) utility now accepts service names (e.g., 'http') in addition to port numbers for the -p option and as command-line arguments. -gitref:0fe58344e829[repository=src]. - -The blocklist utility (man:blacklistd[8]) has been updated with upstream changes as part of the rename from blacklist to blocklist. -gitref:4690a369ff6d[repository=src]. +OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0.16. +gitref:aed5a47b3a8a[repository=src]. [[userland-deprecated-programs]] === Deprecated Applications -The RIP routing protocol is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The man pages for man:routed[8], man:rtquery[8], man:route6d[8], and man:rip6query[8] are updated to note the deprecation. Users needing RIP should use alternatives like 'bird' or 'quagga' from the ports collection. +The RIP routing protocol is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. +The man pages for man:routed[8], man:rtquery[8], man:route6d[8], and man:rip6query[8] are updated to note the deprecation. +Users needing RIP should use alternatives like 'bird' or 'quagga' from the ports collection. gitref:d350c18f98fd[repository=src]. [[userland-libraries]] === Runtime Libraries and API -The man:inet_net_ntop[3] and man:inet_net_pton[3] functions are updated to correctly handle IPv6 addresses, fixing previous incorrect behavior. +The Internet network number manipulation library functions, man:inet_net_ntop[3] and man:inet_net_pton[3], are updated to correctly handle IPv6 addresses, fixing previous incorrect behavior. gitref:b4871be3490d[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "https://www.patreon.com/bsdivy" >}} @@ -350,7 +358,8 @@ gitref:65808459e21b[repository=src]. This section covers changes in support for cloud environments. -man:nuageinit[7] receives multiple improvements: execution is now logged; uses a fully compliant YAML parser; improves cloud-init compatibility (adds 'runcmd', 'packages', 'fqdn', 'hostname', 'sudo', 'write_files', 'nameservers', 'tzsetup', 'doas'); improves network support with many fixes, adds support for 'wakeonlan', 'set-name', and 'match.driver'; uses man:resolvconf[8]; and only creates the default user when needed. Also adds support for cloud-init, configuration over the network, and package management. +The man:nuageinit[7] virtual machine initializer received multiple improvements: execution is now logged; uses a fully compliant YAML parser; improves cloud-init compatibility (adds 'runcmd', 'packages', 'fqdn', 'hostname', 'sudo', 'write_files', 'nameservers', 'tzsetup', 'doas'); improves network support with many fixes, adds support for 'wakeonlan', 'set-name', and 'match.driver'; uses man:resolvconf[8]; and only creates the default user when needed. +Support has been added for cloud-init, configuration over the network, and package management. gitref:548d4b2af90b[repository=src], gitref:5444803b745e[repository=src], gitref:3a680e954469[repository=src], @@ -369,11 +378,11 @@ This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system tuning, and system === General Kernel Changes The man:jail[8] system will restrict unprivileged users in a parent jail from scheduling, debugging, or signaling processes in subordinate jails by default in FreeBSD 15.0 and later. -New privileges PRIV_SCHED_DIFFJAIL, PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFJAIL, and PRIV_SIGNAL_DIFFJAIL are required for such cross-jail operations. -A new jail parameter allow.nounprivileged_parent_tampering is introduced in FreeBSD 14.x to enable early adoption of the new behavior, but this will become enabled by default in FreeBSD 15.x, affecting development setups that rely on cross-jail process management. +New privileges `PRIV_SCHED_DIFFJAIL`, `PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFJAIL`, and `PRIV_SIGNAL_DIFFJAIL` are required for such cross-jail operations. +**Note**: A new jail parameter `allow.nounprivileged_parent_tampering` has been introduced to enable early adoption of the new behavior, but this will become enabled by default in FreeBSD 15.x, affecting development setups that rely on cross-jail process management. gitref:5c6949e12ee6[repository=src]. -The change fixes a race condition in the powerpc context switch code that could cause the system to hang after starting all APs, particularly in qemu-system-ppc64 power9 pseries guests. +A race condition on POWER9 was fixed in the context switch code that could cause the system to hang after starting all APs. gitref:666599639cf6[repository=src]. [[drivers]] @@ -384,17 +393,29 @@ This section covers changes and additions to devices and device drivers since {r [[drivers-device]] === Device Drivers -The man:mrsas[4] driver now supports the Fujitsu RAID Controller SAS 6Gbit/s 1GB (D3116), which is used in Fujitsu PRIMERGY servers like the RX300 S7. -gitref:653099bcc191[repository=src]. +The man:epair[4] driver now supports stable MAC addresses via the `net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr` man:sysctl[8]. +This helps maintain consistent DHCP and dynamic DNS assignments when epair interfaces are recreated, such as after jail restarts. +The default behavior remains random MAC generation, but setting the sysctl to `1` enables stable addresses. +gitref:02f70f6633fd[repository=src]. + +The man:iwlwifi[4] driver now includes ACPI support, enabling regulatory features for 802.11ax, 802.11be, and Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) settings. +gitref:c4496f82680c[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} + +The man:ix[4] and man:ixv[4] drivers add support for the Intel Ethernet E610 family of devices, including new PCI IDs for backplane, SFP, 10 GbE, 2.5 GbE, and SGMII variants. +This enables link speeds of 2.5G, 5G, and 10G on supported hardware. +gitref:a728b96686e6[repository=src]. +{{< sponsored "Intel Corporation" >}} -The man:mfi[4] driver now supports the Fujitsu RAID Controller SAS 6Gbit/s 1GB (D3116) by adding its subvendor and subdevice IDs. +The man:mfi[4] and man:mrsas[4] drivers now supports the Fujitsu RAID Controller SAS 6Gbit/s 1GB (D3116), which is used in Fujitsu PRIMERGY servers like the RX300 S7. +gitref:653099bcc191[repository=src], gitref:3690911c355a[repository=src]. -The NVMe driver now supports BAR5 for Table BIR and PBA BIR, enabling FreeBSD on Google Compute Engine C4 machines. +The man:nvme[4] driver now supports BAR5 for Table BIR and PBA BIR, enabling FreeBSD on Google Compute Engine C4 machines. gitref:dca645cd3112[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "Google" >}} -The man:qat[4] driver now supports the 402xx device (IDs 0x4944/0x4945) under the existing qat_4xxx driver, and adds required firmware files. +The man:qat[4] driver now supports the 402xx device (IDs 0x4944/0x4945) under the existing qat_4xxx driver. gitref:af51f41346ad[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "Intel Corporation" >}} @@ -402,21 +423,11 @@ The man:smartpqi[4] driver is updated to version 4660.0.2002, providing updated gitref:ec98cb56861f[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "Microchip Technology Inc." >}} -The man:ix[4] and man:ixv[4] drivers add support for the Intel Ethernet E610 family of devices, including new PCI IDs for backplane, SFP, 10 GbE, 2.5 GbE, and SGMII variants. This enables link speeds of 2.5G, 5G, and 10G on supported hardware. -gitref:a728b96686e6[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "Intel Corporation" >}} - -The man:epair[4] driver now supports stable MAC addresses via the `net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr` sysctl. This helps maintain consistent DHCP and dynamic DNS assignments when epair interfaces are recreated, such as after jail restarts. The default behavior remains random MAC generation, but setting the sysctl to 1 enables stable addresses. -gitref:02f70f6633fd[repository=src]. - -The man:iwlwifi[4] driver now includes ACPI support, enabling regulatory features for 802.11ax, 802.11be, and Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) settings. -gitref:c4496f82680c[repository=src]. -{{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} - [[drivers-removals]] === Deprecated and Removed Drivers -The in-kernel MIDI sequencer is deprecated. This change adds a deprecation notice to the kernel and may affect applications that rely on this legacy interface. +The in-kernel MIDI sequencer is deprecated. +This change adds a deprecation notice to the kernel and may affect applications that rely on this legacy interface. gitref:ab9c9443eec5[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} @@ -428,14 +439,17 @@ This section covers changes and additions to file systems and other storage subs [[storage-general]] === General Storage -The new 9P filesystem implementation (man:p9fs[4]) has been added for use with bhyve virtio-9p devices. It allows guests to access host files via share mappings and can be used as a root or non-root filesystem. The driver is loaded via `virtio_p9fs_load=YES` in [.filename]#loader.conf#. +The 9P filesystem (man:p9fs[4]) has been added for use with man:bhyve[8] virtio-9p devices. +It allows guests to access host files via share mappings, and can be used as a root or non-root filesystem. +The driver is loaded via `virtio_p9fs_load=YES` in [.filename]#loader.conf#. gitref:615fba7c6b39[repository=src]. -The man:tarfs[4] filesystem now correctly handles large files exceeding 4 GB and 8 GB limits. It fixes decompression errors when seeking beyond 4 GB in zstd-compressed tarballs and properly processes extended header records for files larger than 8 GB. +The man:tarfs[4] filesystem now correctly handles large files exceeding 4 GB and 8 GB limits. +It fixes decompression errors when seeking beyond 4 GB in zstd-compressed tarballs and properly processes extended header records for files larger than 8 GB. gitref:35c612fbabd8[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "Klara, Inc." >}} -The man:nullfs[4] and man:unionfs[4] filesystems now perform stricter checks for jail root vnodes during dotdot lookups, preventing a potential chroot escape vulnerability. +The man:unionfs[4] and man:nullfs[4] filesystems now perform stricter checks for jail root vnodes during dotdot lookups, preventing a potential chroot escape vulnerability. gitref:3feafab4a34c[repository=src]. [[boot]] @@ -446,12 +460,9 @@ This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other boot-related changes. [[boot-loader]] === Boot Loader Changes -The EFI boot loader now uses firmware-provided Blt functions only when using the Graphics Output Protocol (GOP), avoiding issues on older UGA-based systems like MacBooks. +The EFI boot loader, man:loader.efi[8], now uses firmware-provided Blt functions only when using the Graphics Output Protocol (GOP), avoiding issues on older UGA-based systems like MacBooks. gitref:6741fb1bd4f4[repository=src]. -The Raspberry Pi Zero 2W device tree blob is now included on the release SD card images, enabling support for this hardware model. -gitref:fce5d401a803[repository=src]. - The man:bsdinstall[8] installer now copies [.filename]#loader.efi# to all ESPs created for multi-volume ZFS datasets, providing boot redundancy if the primary disk fails. gitref:d8e73f45fc5f[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "Netflix" >}} @@ -468,17 +479,21 @@ This section describes changes that affect networking in FreeBSD. [[network-general]] === General Network -Compatibility code for IPFW versions prior to FreeBSD 8 has been removed to simplify the codebase. Users or third-party modules that still rely on the old compatibility interfaces must migrate before upgrading. +Compatibility code for IPFW versions prior to FreeBSD 8 has been removed to simplify the codebase. +Users or third-party modules that still rely on the old compatibility interfaces must migrate before upgrading. gitref:57865e505aef[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -[.filename]#sbin/ipfw15# binary has been added with updated KBI for compatibility with 15.0+ kernels. The original man:ipfw[8] binary detects the new KBI and automatically runs ipfw15, ensuring firewall rules can be loaded during upgrades. The utility is also installed as [.filename]#/sbin/dnctl15# for dummynet compatibility. +A [.filename]#sbin/ipfw15# binary has been added with updated KBI for compatibility with 15.0+ kernels. +The original man:ipfw[8] binary detects the new KBI and automatically runs ipfw15, ensuring firewall rules can be loaded during upgrades. +The utility is also installed as [.filename]#/sbin/dnctl15# for dummynet compatibility. gitref:969e2b406835[repository=src]. [[wireless-networking]] === Wireless Networking -The net80211 subsystem has been updated to properly support VHT160 and VHT80P80 channel widths with modern access points, aligning with changes from 802.11ac-2013 to 802.11-2020. This enables VHT160 and VHT80P80 in the LinuxKPI 802.11 driver compatibility code, affecting wireless performance and compatibility. +The net80211 subsystem has been updated to properly support VHT160 and VHT80P80 channel widths with modern access points, aligning with changes from 802.11ac-2013 to 802.11-2020. +This enables VHT160 and VHT80P80 in the LinuxKPI 802.11 driver compatibility code, affecting wireless performance and compatibility. gitref:ccdd6285df5d[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} @@ -487,12 +502,15 @@ gitref:ccdd6285df5d[repository=src]. This section covers general hardware support for physical machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in other sections of this document. +The Raspberry Pi Zero 2W device tree blob is now included on the release SD card images, enabling support for this hardware model. +gitref:fce5d401a803[repository=src]. + Please see link:https://www.freebsd.org/releases/{localRel}R/hardware[the list of hardware] supported by {releaseCurrent}, as well as link:https://www.freebsd.org/platforms/[the platforms page] for the complete list of supported CPU architectures. [[hardware-virtualization]] === Virtualization Support -man:bhyve[8] now reports SVM as disabled in the VM control register, preventing hangs on AMD systems with recent Windows guests. +The man:bhyve[8] hypervisor now reports SVM as disabled in the VM control register, preventing hangs on AMD systems with recent Windows guests. gitref:321a15380668[repository=src]. [[documentation]] @@ -500,26 +518,26 @@ gitref:321a15380668[repository=src]. This section covers changes to manual (man:man[1]) pages and other documentation shipped with the base system. -[[man-pages]] -=== Man Pages - -Updates the UPDATING file to document that example files are now installed in [.filename]#/usr/share/examples# as intended, due to a prior fix in the build system. +[.filename]#/usr/share/examples# has reappeared on systems installed with base system packages. gitref:d149be3a0cbe[repository=src]. +[[man-pages]] +=== Manual Pages + The shell man:builtin[1] command manual has been streamlined and gained a new section on built-in keyboard bindings. -gitref:b98efcdb6210[repository=src] +gitref:b98efcdb6210[repository=src]. -The man:newaliases[1] man page has been updated to clarify that it is for man:sendmail[8]. +The man:newaliases[1] manual has been updated to clarify that it is for man:sendmail[8]. gitref:e3df9a78da6b[repository=src]. -The man:ps[1] man page now documents that `-a` and `-A` show all processes regardless of other selection options, and clarifies the behavior of `-J`. +The man:ps[1] manual now documents that `-A` and `-a` show all processes regardless of other selection options, and clarifies the behavior of `-J`. gitref:f18a49a747f7[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -The man:write[2] manual page now includes a new section describing the atomicity guarantees of write operations. +The man:write[2] manual now includes a new section describing the atomicity guarantees of write operations. gitref:c19f161f5f65[repository=src]. -Manual pages for several DTrace providers have been added, including man:dtrace_fbt[4] (function boundary tracing), man:dtrace_vfs[4] (VFS activity), man:dtrace_pid[4] (user-level process tracing),man:dtrace_priv[4] (privilege checks), and man:dtrace_callout_execute[4] (callout handler execution). +Manuals for several DTrace providers have been added, including man:dtrace_fbt[4] (function boundary tracing), man:dtrace_vfs[4] (VFS activity), man:dtrace_pid[4] (user-level process tracing),man:dtrace_priv[4] (privilege checks), and man:dtrace_callout_execute[4] (callout handler execution). gitref:0c91fa982437[repository=src], gitref:04bb91e9c5f7[repository=src], gitref:ff6b04c37e78[repository=src], @@ -534,31 +552,32 @@ gitref:d0e29f92f7a2[repository=src], gitref:5e0e046d95a9[repository=src], gitref:ded154a1df97[repository=src]. -man:linuxkpi[4] and man:linuxkpi_wlan[4] manual pages have been added providing brief documentation on the LinuxKPI and its 802.11 compatibility features. +man:linuxkpi[4] and man:linuxkpi_wlan[4] manuals have been added, providing brief documentation on the LinuxKPI and its 802.11 compatibility features. gitref:669062384f55[repository=src]. {{< sponsored "The FreeBSD Foundation" >}} -The man:vt[4] manual page now includes an example on increasing scrollback size and a section explaining console fonts, covering conversion, support, and usage. -gitref:ce92b9d8332a[repository=src]. -gitref:c330c43e58d7[repository=src]. - -The man:cdboot[8] manual page has been added, documenting the previously undocumented cdboot utility. +The man:cdboot[8] manual has been added, documenting the previously undocumented cdboot utility. gitref:d659366cc62a[repository=src]. -The man:crash[8] manual page has been updated to reflect current system behavior, removing references to obsolete panic messages and updating guidance on recovery media. +The man:crash[8] manual has been updated to reflect current system behavior, removing references to obsolete panic messages and updating guidance on recovery media. gitref:4f2140aa9677[repository=src]. -The man:dumpon[8] manual page now shows settings to adjust the behavior of man:crash[8] dumps. +The man:dumpon[8] manual now shows settings to adjust the behavior of man:crash[8] dumps. gitref:7c8717183536[repository=src]. -The man:ipfw[8] manual page now documents how to delete a NAT configuration instance. +The man:ipfw[8] manual now documents how to delete a NAT configuration instance. gitref:186ac4724746[repository=src]. -The man:mtree[8] utility's man page is updated to clarify that the `type` keyword remains mandatory and is not removed by `-R all`. This ensures consistent behavior and prevents potential misinterpretation of the command. +The man:mtree[8] manual now clarifies that the `type` keyword remains mandatory and is not removed by `-R all`. +This ensures consistent behavior and prevents potential misinterpretation of the command. gitref:f957857c4835[repository=src]. -The man:pf.conf[5] man page now documents that network address ranges used as items in list macros must be quoted with additional single quotes. +The man:pf.conf[5] manual now documents that network address ranges used as items in list macros must be quoted with additional single quotes. gitref:0077daf9cdc4[repository=src]. -The man:pw[8] manual page now clarifies the acceptable formats for member lists with the `-M`, `-m`, and `-d` flags of the `groupadd` and `groupmod` options. +The man:pw[8] manual now clarifies the acceptable formats for member lists with the `-M`, `-m`, and `-d` flags of the `groupadd` and `groupmod` options. gitref:78343cd2a0f1[repository=src]. + +The man:vt[4] manual now includes an example on increasing scrollback size and a section explaining console fonts, covering conversion, support, and usage. +gitref:ce92b9d8332a[repository=src], +gitref:c330c43e58d7[repository=src]. From nobody Mon Mar 9 22:06:55 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVB1w48BQz6V2BF for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 22:07:00 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fVB1w3Pt9z3TMp for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 22:07:00 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773094020; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=RfDpW+jTUTVLJw55DGZL82bquecwusr+/puawta/TJA=; b=DrsWcSIqAPtKETmV1lDVOzCHNt4mDtQO5GgTFiRcnpKq/7CZT5l8VuMhTJLmJaLDSN+eBJ uPBHAtuV2O6jYwnd+2lzZmlyJFBY7/ib4DRlMcv3zVr3O3iuqzw4faFxYXsaxhZ/iyfjE7 he3GIoULJSo7BuSLDpdxrXsJaiKnpY549vwXSxCfDvRTGo7ddJ0nV2sCX8ArGzgBjJjQ2/ UBVNLS7zbyl4dTHqYUYBgf/D1egtzxgRlPSOPlmlmdvInSzejiIUaKjitbBgXq8LUBK9U4 bopzoe1wMJEhk6ThKgYWeX/Ke9jK9ZW4QMKmnv4YHvlWmIxSIjVGa+iMoQhvZQ== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773094020; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=Ax8xyj86JUwxCa5btv1+TO1IMhVh6BmyTpwt8SuyjIPzJVxt0OIadOaNnlTxz7ruhxcUSj ou4YwQe8txF+E//jSAs8CcM5BkjxHd4phw45LyffaHiWJeSifgTeWQ3RgbyHVK48sQfhl7 /29QtdaZy6jMKQ9OwHJ9zYKbLCIPdRC2uveA0h0QFG0Q8ruWEIrKMdtdTc2lGRH4ya9ibi gEHsI8Duh25tqr9xbaDngC6N3DOjsqxLy8MqJPMKbvUJHhC52yDjhGjo4NLFa1bDRl8WRT BHivfowifJI/2O8szk4GmNasuXz45Ursd79y67v7fHyt6/Q6awGNOn99Aic+Yw== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773094020; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=RfDpW+jTUTVLJw55DGZL82bquecwusr+/puawta/TJA=; b=bsQ7HcAcqSKZ+oKYu5+89HAzt9s53dUy59Egz97hjF0vabT6PIHwP/+UrDTMUyHHKIOl/d gRYVSQ59EVDEsT6cmisQTfnyfV2l7pCepGhl7kdHMuHv+KiLnS/RjXS5HF/g1aOcmt2Cdf Q8SFnr6FioJdIAvMP8ilTlxVXEruJ4wlscP0vTfNgIOYHE5Eu5jtAS18VuKMi35rIM4h/F f/aRAwnTw6qKSecMoMPcEl5mi4+CaajOP51lR3VWPfbbsve3KiTemSe3C5BXEAhgAutO8k PHnPH/fR7/JoLbmvmwKhovGRzmtPrfMNriwXhTcalidx5S68YUKZCpOH6yy03Q== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVB1w2tLkzl5N for ; Mon, 09 Mar 2026 22:07:00 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 3e39b by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Mon, 09 Mar 2026 22:06:55 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Colin Percival Subject: git: 90d5d1be83 - main - 14.4/errata: Add an open issue for the boot loader symlink regression. List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: cperciva X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 90d5d1be83080ff3d0bb1fb0c4254960e8f299d3 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 22:06:55 +0000 Message-Id: <69af447f.3e39b.76e9f683@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by cperciva: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=90d5d1be83080ff3d0bb1fb0c4254960e8f299d3 commit 90d5d1be83080ff3d0bb1fb0c4254960e8f299d3 Author: Colin Percival AuthorDate: 2026-03-09 19:07:00 +0000 Commit: Colin Percival CommitDate: 2026-03-09 22:06:30 +0000 14.4/errata: Add an open issue for the boot loader symlink regression. Reviewed by: ziaee Co-authored-by: leres Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55751 --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc index 82b5ac2777..8305fbcafb 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc @@ -67,6 +67,10 @@ For a list of all FreeBSD CERT security advisories, see https://www.FreeBSD.org/ **Workaround**: run man:pkg[8] to install the package management tool, then reuse man:freebsd-update[8]. + **State**: open - https://bugs.freebsd.org/293516 + +2. **man:loader_lua[8]** A regression in the boot loader scripts causes the wrong kernel to be selected if /boot/kernel is a symlink. + +**Workaround**: Disable automatic kernel detection by adding kernels_autodetect="NO" to [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#. + +**State**: open - 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(envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 1aa11 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:12 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Colin Percival Subject: git: 76c432d3f8 - main - 14.4: Add checksums for 14.4-RELEASE List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: cperciva X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 76c432d3f8212e568b95d8c42530863b31b6d071 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:12 +0000 Message-Id: <69af5f48.1aa11.2de55966@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by cperciva: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=76c432d3f8212e568b95d8c42530863b31b6d071 commit 76c432d3f8212e568b95d8c42530863b31b6d071 Author: Colin Percival AuthorDate: 2026-03-06 18:50:00 +0000 Commit: Colin Percival CommitDate: 2026-03-09 22:07:22 +0000 14.4: Add checksums for 14.4-RELEASE Approved by: re (implicit) Sponsored by: OpenSats Initiative --- ...ECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++ .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc | 29 ++++++++++++++++++ ...56-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...eeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...6-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...6-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...reeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...A256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...HA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++ ...M.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 ++++++++++++++++++ ...HECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-vm.asc | 31 +++++++++++++++++++ .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.asc | 29 ++++++++++++++++++ ...A256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...56-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...HECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...reeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...HA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 +++++++++++++++++++ ...M.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 +++++++++++++++++ ...ECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++ .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc | 29 ++++++++++++++++++ ...12-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...eeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...2-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...2-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...reeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++ ...M.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 ++++++++++++++++++ ...HECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-vm.asc | 31 +++++++++++++++++++ .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.asc | 29 ++++++++++++++++++ ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...12-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...HECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc.asc | 23 ++++++++++++++ ...reeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 +++++++++++++ ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 +++++++++++++++++++ ...M.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 +++++++++++++++++ website/content/en/releases/14.4R/signatures.adoc | 6 ++-- 41 files changed, 999 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8beaabd0ff --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = d957fe56fb596280428328e78e9e4feae00dd361701caa79a061f9bd289eff67 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 048a8a7b3f2a283f2b3916b70a1b0154e74a595f77cf71d2a9ac35082c5d9fdd +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = c64b1d2717a4831e939f477fa186d2fa127142381f99c6ec6e338df922807de7 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = fa8bfb305cf4efe784c157d3fc6164a1ac36f347b1d3122fc98cca85caada59f +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 56e2893161b1f207c5022c6b41a9512adba41815d4518b1c935b0fc5febbb8c0 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.raw.xz) = 370f105391b6fddcd3824441e41f3fc7c46739bd380ed344264dfd89fc328099 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 7a66dc7e697ff8a3d72bd02df20742f0f05c72002a44cbf91b789bd641ef0ec2 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = df70e7667e6cbb718cdab793c364f14453b0fd2bb98cdb78aa430c920b6d252a +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 4d7741d5273e65dd90ab304c7ea62d800b71b1970d669ce761badd08747abb1b +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.raw.xz) = 1223f7899ef6ae95bc51ba30955b131d2094d433829536e0a2c607fc78f254a8 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 9bf0aab2766c512fee101beefe5dafcdf19a9834d0faa1eafe7f5f3adfe6c48d +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 25ca3e9f2a96fab5b3ae04a2bfc20c0bb6da9fe165a35a822e8b28f7e61f35d1 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2.xz) = 56e2893161b1f207c5022c6b41a9512adba41815d4518b1c935b0fc5febbb8c0 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.raw.xz) = 370f105391b6fddcd3824441e41f3fc7c46739bd380ed344264dfd89fc328099 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vhd.xz) = 7a66dc7e697ff8a3d72bd02df20742f0f05c72002a44cbf91b789bd641ef0ec2 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vmdk.xz) = df70e7667e6cbb718cdab793c364f14453b0fd2bb98cdb78aa430c920b6d252a +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcMACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT934w/+IusUt4vxQI1/UOcE8yhTyOZUgVLuzlaPZlz6KuigobC2/+cnufmtM8Ro +OdstYu7DaNEzgSjTGxkIVX2LYjVy4y+FMdPX1sXz+TYUvLtEcigQdBBNwep6RjLm +lO7dsWHhMAHF6OB0koQpY6HDEZCuLQ81OfQ7MQ+RYmBqrUqDtaCl0boqZnmmHP26 +h8VkIAJYyOkxdBVlIc2eq91O/USssP1AaiyRPE/MjvdMZjdAZ2meXuKgXHR810V2 +O/3u5ONJIB/2Iq15BAvPHouWRhoO27E+XEEjDl6ufZRhPm+Ghhyh9fLxW6V1SmoM +jVv4sRy8IFlt9GOg5a7qrrx1xPXsrQ2kzCMJR64WFSaZBKW7dCoiks7JA6VcjBF/ +jv65hLZxOiO4v1EC372xVbyHp4to5iJ5XIME3p1UEkng3ldAsxzW9H7lB1/1bWCI +WCfWtB3BHQNEBduVaaUqZ84GjDXqhu71PsIygtoepzmAXJJxANBBPAhlwjjmxk1A +IyciXzKHSaw5m1UZ646lGU2Dnfh83lCphRQTzP2Sc9NmBgJ6vqXbzfmQN2kiEaZi +kYOlpEKr+PfBrJ1yPRR5yJsJq/gR8UlCnZYAa98jX7q5keAWP4ktH8WwiM3HTKYK +3T20ciSaMu4Damk/mo3NMRs5tmLIizk00u7Nf1pioiLNTKGv5ic= +=vnmy +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6580ca00ee --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso) = 5a262316dd17badd83dba6355a259341479a5133cb29d54b2585cf20d46292c7 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 875d0782fcd0217f9ea03479a2a0d9315133607d090ac317645fe356ba6b770f +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso) = ade3d84e77fc601d1207ced8d6dd8952c3fb7685afa3cf6b6b44d76ed94b2d8e +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso.xz) = 079ae59e75a2e802505c140d2102cf96dd54fd9696ce6806d9016f1b4172b85b +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso) = 953814f2a4dcfc32958902f3b1f30cf34b5ab872f405668793491481abfd177e +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.xz) = a83f06417903df52ef6d8528e899ae804b9df3e5542fc2be99c917e9490bd73a +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img) = 7145c25734b68457958f179592e8dbeea411658f7890a7fdcb100d855c4e9db5 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz) = a05e62986a82db7ee4e1bc5b4d725c1060c939bc8e1fc2b9773e37b2bf857d8f +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img) = 85f2120c9f58aa5f1e8e715731cbfd0083bfaf22ff97d88c69af15ff91ca78f1 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = d24e42c405d09e5522a171ac407773f659716c14881f697d61987e4610232914 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcAACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+KfRAAgG0km4bXqWToMDWPTKbVgGYvlEq5fjaNoHRGLZMWlEFbf86IhabLY7R3 +ublL3luS2lYjoMAbNgM34t9sYHwnCbLNa8vM3ydaKefRUVHfPmIKHgxnLFXGGBKy +X6FrPXJW68NQ9bmhR4Z0kye0B/T42YGxHMBkQScJbtXx8oZFLJV33wj3HmrDjMRp +0U8s32MJp7R9HXsHSVFVh/Tpj4pqwz8rHhIYQrO0ntxHy1btVDDFi1kvhn4Gje4/ +s8QwEacZpwGmxfFtHjEr+FLH+vui+DFT8yv2/PCyKQ6DwgKLsEmTNRsyEOJ1dpcd +XR+npBDZgQ7nWpv6jwIVrkBXqpfNNKy39xnD1rg5cLXCht5oT9tJ/hYucNQlt7Bg +qxJn/dK5k1xncCNkay+tsr8iQE2VzDfVTCOqQaOzyS07CP5nSnYFFjo9wad7J5QI +qRVQWhuU+LjcCGmG283g9yuYX83il1N5NUkBENY73sSadSLgtm2MBFL7L6llYxZg +1XM2Pw7WsaBHU0oC+IjXmesL2vBhE4/lS4gZkMlglPDnD94U2Prh7Zqq5UiTlrYJ +Ie8Y2kRWOXXjA1IQh9dKSDh2z3OW88ZWbIbXlbVXNOFYooLeBDGXncI6ZXD+2ZRF +iWZFmKjVKdFUBa8GcVB7MKlmmXoLcTw6Z0rISJ6mfhp5mrb984A= +=q/Gj +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8dffbacb70 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 61f04f066487b3a0f6e1fddd2ac50180b71f1496d4f550a6791cb61051bb404a +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcMACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT/hsA//cb4OUZHidp47AYej0JIw9REExrcdnEKFLpadiKI0UTFQpa0QyaARTTiz 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b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.img.xz) = dc90d45c11bdfd9778a74631510f8c6b120765c52c5defb9fb32f3a772faf0e0 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcMACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT8iHw//XPUI92p3P1b4V6+8uN0Jnpm4S5lLyGXGjwoaJkA4YgWLq8axKC5zzv95 +6AG5EItVwi1r/liqDrxeaF7UMEBtIe+Az8tR+JZXMdIqmFb4NXLfXKw4kVfqhrEw +jEi9woPDWlxSYYXS+oKRgrvYQ+mM9AwurE98gq/lVLTMjRuBh6WZDEKh83j6HIyC +ZdevKoBr4vmDiubMx/PfDtkdKzePg6mazR45s6yWNX0oIaQsKghm4meUc6uioEZ/ +/hLfnmd9qokq6d6bnhqrOjMV+TCt1yplxixQsLfJcqM8kn1kOC4bq+AYFpEfomAt +kbNSeF1LS5duyU5zaKRPl3XR+d6IXZJnpXtkC2rWoRwfpDcZePogGf6LzftewJ0C +Zlb2uJWihJvxTjniBeXBWShHYKuzOs7iYAWdA02EAB0ppmx5QMqBvoAbKxP6cVmU +gpk/qB734Trw6hi4knSLeh2YZdO1Uk4qnp8/BFRLqWSwsROcPeHM/UevQWk1/veU 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b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.img.xz) = c326c8db6aaa3d9d5acce65a4d873af9877327623d2bc09f00f40bff90f58fd2 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcQACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT/5hg//acrf3Pfy5lgRzynu2bevfKc2dMIa34I2zGs5mhYdRCwSCM+r037ESsg/ +fid5LGQPXvserh4IwLP7yMUuY0hTFfzWnghJNdJjGwzlknmsAtgf+JeGKiKgss7i +E/zmDCLI/eZE49iJyIcNrW1N3u4j27/8WmSwRoFKna4v4Ff+wtt/eLvN8bMHSaZg +VqlqXizvPxgJIYbNxkEMf7p/NzBWUpe7dg1o7ji21ErZ8r7o/HAKq0ZqdY2YCX4d +6mwlr+kVgU7ax3S624Mb8hy3jY/yhvo/FKDNPA8pj3l9bQ8hE5Ksfc3dDx7WxMDg +mamJ+a97bmAOb3bN+gxPM9kudJx/m8ILXt6NRSr7FzbEEZNISg7n3MGS24k8+fFz +/k2mW0ruy8fQvJZG0BxyXcXQ2fEOZiIRWmqJzLOsHg5shh80aKccWSBnYTntHq9I +dI4CIz3UDeChEiF8fWGH260ROLjWvRcWUaKhjmrTk4hJxKCRKyqTl7IPik+eXW4G +a7y5V5UAsc5ntwG+b79IW4bj3S1//ZRPqyX/zxeI48/Pzhm8GsCgm0s0m1KWy/tY 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b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.img.xz) = a36ac4a867e7e956fef693dfb23863280e0feacb14a6138ea7bd889dd19254e2 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcQACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT9KPw/+ONMN3RutBLBGbh5Q7EvVEWmtHF8ljvNs4JDnJfuRY44V0c8VF1XTQWH3 +jLG+LM5PLmvEjIqi5SdeuwAXcgfXWtPxKGz2jGZ8q15outssyQznuzBa7/KqXe5l +ftDk4MFmw6zw6qxkPqJ5lvU4amP11SQEAHmTuGOacf4cSnQ+zrHfb3dC9Bae8vF7 +QrjX6/I6H70u8Z41pKodtNuAkL0JWEoGcK/1pBrP3Q2d4w5RjQGkMbydESeVf4Lr +wbHaef7tIYqCW0YBQILNXuxmA6u8+JBUR+rENGQm/ALUWQ+sUVVUsbzRSA2lG2tv +EemR9L0zppuMhIq7z2ZzAVUcELjxVN2JOnyWjOMPRGusmT0CfU0Chh5ezbyeb2sl +QSRVp9Xfl+F1t9nUJjY68xYlWRtO5ByV/RCVe+VrN8/n3AFB8r46uZaeQLT5QbN/ +z6H/hX61jSGBJ30aJdbDMxOvxI130W7jDar9KWAcscXu5fGX526YNBO00QEMjPSp 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b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 5d889fed73cb11326fcbc4bd3357ff890cf23876a4bf017da768fc86acf86fe2 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 82e97f6ef761a1ce181d1c768ae87a51b9eb4a6888796e28a126b9079f88b6d7 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 783e0293dfacdc155fc1903bc2dd830e4a13767d8fe3cb78de6b0d257faf7259 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = 9b4de54cf54d825630a7418919e44e9a5a6f51d758b377b6df41cf3974d1b615 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 90a3a025dda469ed61b1582b61b3a5015cbbdf8a3bcc741e16648683175d61bc +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.raw.xz) = 9b28d7eab208dfd7dc8da53960875831784015a3b96c42494b0750e607812525 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 1dc6047ac1ed24564cf27c0b3e3262e1b8afc413c10b0c23fcecbafb13d8eff8 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 3a6210a53ccd919cf080e77b36fd87639b1636e8e35fe2cbad46cae404761750 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 9fd11e1b3d4035609bce6bcdf30eb3c4aba74db1d88d3461ebe6028679f18edb +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.raw.xz) = 6f15977faa58a55d7024692236e0f2c08259172f4d6247ae163dadf168adcbfb +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 55a59b5150bc4cbbe72f4512933b20d37db4dc7e9935d9c7c176ffb6c0d67b86 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 2568cabf3d2d0af5ec53ea5b4d8f0d413a6da07a015977205519eb7ea3dac733 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.qcow2.xz) = 90a3a025dda469ed61b1582b61b3a5015cbbdf8a3bcc741e16648683175d61bc +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.raw.xz) = 9b28d7eab208dfd7dc8da53960875831784015a3b96c42494b0750e607812525 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vhd.xz) = 1dc6047ac1ed24564cf27c0b3e3262e1b8afc413c10b0c23fcecbafb13d8eff8 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vmdk.xz) = 3a6210a53ccd919cf080e77b36fd87639b1636e8e35fe2cbad46cae404761750 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcQACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+Q+g/9GvqPFHa0rEQtSqDmt6G1hTnlb/vn4WGI7ZS6pUdOyc2UvWY3+oQC94by +aQcEwtJJ04O5c219Rz2WUEEP7G17mq+vntCBZ9tUi/FEaaRL7MbjEggqAaf01dHO +Tcski/B83P90Hmz1dh4Ed3MhR2+m8Dq8ZXFauOus3Rb6Wjkr+TSQheJLM/2ztmAm +k9K9H++aB2aFQeJMQDHuuztO7a+HkxdTlPMwhlCt8RjZwb/wrSgC7EGjoQI5tnhb +jaCZIAKb582vell/QXtduUyuVmfcsufPxzwj4uVwD3Qsw0nDXu8OTzQUqTX0Y0zX +7RJahzAsDGmAJf0GUiHYScXNUVusGnFcYe86UugBpK8UKsGIXaVvisQw3bmHMp5K +9j0pCqiIPvVLP4yqvJIOXfufozhGwp3RWd6qcgMqaagRPnpjQJ+u855imof70CQH +A1GpSlgdg9gc6GO2b+i/w8JrNU0+FxlhJCiF1ybobdocMDBmmKg5uZEipquWoVwh +54vVQsvchpiHPx7xmiNALIPjuog/q0AQ/S315QH81Vlu9GXjvI8OGfyEbq1j+WCR +LJxT4lbs/4C/gJPSzGEqwyL4t8aDlRadutCxFgpwLckas01/H4saUcysOGQp39jD +lw/UNI7nDu+ARge1xrPejWzLRFbDAennUPUH7dAtlkMUGXvyZjw= +=rZQ7 +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6ccb3635c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso) = bc7b3e5bef594e02c31a3250230f413014b45c20ff57c12355cd24021e870e12 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso.xz) = e118cf690906775c24d521199e1d2faf637bb2df0e9b91827ac066e3d9da5ae8 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso) = 32a63ed91ace4967441baab0bbfb3ac33c13c02018a2f4eeb3a741d373681d7c +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso.xz) = 9a1af926179ecf5ace67f9628101d26e2df01899ff6f7923534373b9331b4a24 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso) = 902a685c9f39e631962bf215c5f91a9e55bf0804d1e32bbea7241252ed81937a +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso.xz) = 5be4a8cccc8bbe406072ee55336ebc5b333ecf283a64888ce6c06e721cd59d7a +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img) = c07eeb717fbd1d50722c5c6507d93f9d46e36dc408e76aa79793336bb226541d +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img.xz) = 90cbfec68f4998c9441345502a8cda24a64d0b675ce1f3fbb4b5bd47fdb64455 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img) = 905564f3a814e354023044eca5f44045d477b8304234a69896afecae4e7f188d +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = bd3e8f8d9781429cd29329ae1b591da23dd4ddcda99e9c72b18883580bba5cca +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcMACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+e+g//XfPCk2WJLKMW73lcY9/26tyI7cmqlGGqWWixeJQlD7vbjWT685xvmIjx +35aZz05UwRxgwk2XMyEMMpVEpuhC2N4e1CLQIdqNMbMIiWYytAC8PJtMZnDXnuOx +ggn+zJ3RJTEiBbDM0WQEpxKgbvoC2xRLu5Nzj70/4YG7uSEHw1wvT2ln151Ejz60 +f+AJr3BWoWeiUSSEBUD3H/Na5R423gWOdlmCvjp6u9H06c4B3GWZHN2enfbHR03C +BIaqI6lVzko0FkVCN9qsLOO0NOQTAnOMtIqaCKPlhxFgBDvSvon3gHQLthmEX/d4 +3nzILjE3mbVuHaHL2qS9AFEhalUJPegwt6fusiHWizgAWC+EAicxluXwiVV2vcol +jnQEfVsPz3zov1lr+M50URv2fm4ZJKDLg//jNoMOvh1RRtYUaZiLlwWwfweLbzjn +m5z9T8W4xB7huKNkWcVSd+BckFT9//YM8MKGaXQVVt+BM7a1Kq/Al7H1WtkrlABQ +/jjtLjxUXv+/o48JfWIFSJT73VlAv0bLGUhOp7g6QriLEVAyDZTklMUBT7J4cNpn +kr8L5ZiNLSfBWs4sJLRbD/i1cT4HrX5bS+4cGCrbBA/PK0i6adLBjumwpgX+JzMe +RI229IEloh+JDaRC2o6nH6qbizfHhZY7vs/daqz8TDs3l/avk5Q= +=GtiW +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-vm.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-vm.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9f21ba79ca --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-vm.asc @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.qcow2.xz) = fc58258a8f49689a59b9e3f954e7fbcc0391ba797bfc25aebb7704581ad7e638 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.raw.xz) = 61046f6b912c371c22cff7eb5f3408796863a79095a86358e2eb26eacdfff7b3 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vhd.xz) = c0dba5125cd9c0205359fc81b09cc5e19da6d1c0302d35720221151d4ec28247 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 9e020d0108543390477371db1d37a1c3a86f47265a9a88fbfbe45ea8a631faaf +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 43ecb528b4bf78291e0b0d3baa00af7055cc15dccba10c327288a77e613621cf +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.raw.xz) = bca77ec89ad0f26866b7bc0beab9e6e5e511a5563c0f087b40c4eeb12fccea98 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vhd.xz) = 50e7b5658e2b9e4d829e3c389bfdb1799cfdbb475919f83d7980d96b141d05a4 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vmdk.xz) = d5ca462275fb04b3426e179307603c10c2f602a4f26551c11745e76ae739d45d +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.qcow2.xz) = fc58258a8f49689a59b9e3f954e7fbcc0391ba797bfc25aebb7704581ad7e638 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.raw.xz) = 61046f6b912c371c22cff7eb5f3408796863a79095a86358e2eb26eacdfff7b3 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vhd.xz) = c0dba5125cd9c0205359fc81b09cc5e19da6d1c0302d35720221151d4ec28247 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vmdk.xz) = 9e020d0108543390477371db1d37a1c3a86f47265a9a88fbfbe45ea8a631faaf +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcQACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT8Pag/6AtREJJXJL5m+yAndFY+YZWroPK6ApxPQaSLhCy8bvVagpBPOGiK8x/06 +U+GpBD3nflgOX19LsvVQu8SpXhN7I0hfRNRpYjfP6JeSkxW1qzK9XxrdrCk9jCUE +NK0yw8NWe7VTEC2ZNgaWOhzDISXaGK8EpFEZtcgIFHmdYpGXKyMbFT+HcIdh7Alb +63hw/tgIY8sZDfuuFJmOwKV3531DQHyW1m08dqzOkVZ0aDmKx1wP1ay+ICZBw/Hq +paW/GClOnm8zY+FwAAumfalNVsh5CqF4g02K/ozymr8UePdxQCAF0NVB9ActiWsU +e/j2dJoeHAqy4jtdSR7449QEF2ssQ4M6csLnm7YFOcRG7yWmrsuI+R74L36T3jxX +aYsmk+dMul30VyzxOt0jRFeMIwPihz81QBUnOV+001SzdPhUEU277hnA8jIEwoVH +b/y1vPyuUCCyR5cTKUSQTZFwQR+Vu48gLtmw4Wbgzpx/7r4kOmm9pYFpA0904U+h +JZOfDPZbvukzf4NFhKXU0JFOAsroeFAAGOR/uZLGYZ+sWVOTk+nmz8nqh58ahhJR +x74qGRbfaWTqcG9ymNU8IY2MxAUKBCr6Fs+XtRdmOmwARiQP/ZBbU+DiJkiFT712 +5m4/5j1V82gXhjcQ32qKm7WfxHlj2qWJJXPBAdv77VixplbIh5g= +=jaML +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c85cd94378 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.asc @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso) = cba5cb7110072ae30c2d304ac941916ea9e9bc5e8a655ba8433d7f4ff30fe679 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso.xz) = 151974415121ef6d838d3800c898939998f807e37473e4bac16c5b32b9ccaf20 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso) = 7560fca3b0538d146b46a5802f981716168a1b052e0fa361b6e6cfedd6d0b50a +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso.xz) = fd51d011b8c2769e79f68e15f8c5d2a76bd2a4b5bbd6acb4e30521534df0d55c +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso) = 998fd04eff63fa13576373dc7739f833f9965fccafc69f7b4f939d22ebcb11cb +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.xz) = af8afe0ebbae282ebb901cadcbd625fb2c34ff5a78a1a13bfc020b4b70aebf6f +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img) = e7f8e136e429d36986798d0beddbdb0c1c19a549140e7b67a166aededcd4e001 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img.xz) = 644e7f5573bb444e9dfa9f996e9be0b2e099955071be827e11a83c0fe86d3b69 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img) = 1c6f799bf80cf111444026850b34e7757da2faeac4f3a64cd514f936a375db10 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 46d544fd223ace30d50745602b6ce5a24d01e4081ebd26f9aed3470f5c18183b +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcQACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT86qg/9H/fnsHOSJhrKPx8rL2yhPdpVLOdjW3GcXb/tdgnMfmK1LKn9hdVromSp +5THYI3qh8B1AB2j2TN/+LCnlCr8WghB8QML2vgfOjXXoL9QFYucyJxowzx9qGloK +UyGSfLeVtP+tA8wNylGspWAZ9AxaFcpEu10GxhrnzeZNlLYOnHYWCG79g6BGXKD0 +C+Xj1mJG/5nzdGjOEuQPm2jYH8rkp5JMNNLiETQk3wpO8vUTGMnMxzf5h0FQQEEQ +84BFsxDf6PI7PEaNKTd/u03Cyr18qBrqhnXmsUdWuE/D0WntA2acPyWlxofW30nw ++AbWDdhW4Qf58wCZOL2FMoJxEbLzEM3FYCSHC8YF4a5RguGv7ct+tnwOg3QtlUm3 +5FRcaISv++Og8HY8Lx0rVz+eZLVj87bkmIEQiV+OddAXkNXFSZCj29g3gia0bhiQ +wB3PlL5sYlOfWHEmOEtYfIkcDdg6CqXQgsWovmneTnjcsKC5oOK3nxDCxGoBDI1l +1+Be+0FzjPZ1XlKRO4BPHbWxiO4lvuj7hSaF8phPRu2/o/aJ6OzABjUZhPqJCGmb +8rZEEIr3dc2woP9w7TtE1cKx51FXgaYIN7qbP8VjR6nQFWpPGBnPq37oy9+eD0GD +5rkGqEab9877vifojz3GvKC8BxikSu0bMi/nrfU8+UfzI8m3tOs= +=w8vm +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..322b6a129c --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso) = 0c6ae30de86724b5550c88b32e314842468eb333a4bb9f97de73a5f3394a935b +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 0b1a8de4e05e98e164b58c146055b5dc4d8d6794bcabaf950c0f3dae7bb41291 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso) = 743d2be4d18c942f30ed77edd614cb11c0dedf44e7ef88bfc5193709135154a8 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz) = 03dc340ba36dabe2e6d4413fcde77f98ce2ff49e569083decc470f9b627225ee +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+Z9g//RIf1Se5KHgl4k2npjqgHyEOoX+IJCWNQsW386lWKAJGOvaAjtqFKkEcZ +dVCutUNvRMi4Dv/TLcFjkJrz9HoQODhFEmVw5NmYOP/Y2hr59uSyqzDklG0Iv257 +/E0HJ19mv/XPCI3FuWPxbO7VQJlA0ZFy0mapmRTKxaZca+qXKbbGbAohgnpVuBYG +eIvnaF8vnj1p233ERw2BY5BehUJ6Uf08TlajTVxrtNM0XJmoez6FOjd8ay4bYLoM +Y+mM5Nzsk79WPlkq8vM2lNAGx8Cq/9hoeTo+KzjYAdpu/DJts9hFMWvq+D7UKuDF +lRmp4cLA0gDWvOc7SbYg4v3noQMCGUqy693BbkSm6gdlbH/DoYwfOmR4Ogvy8Xkw +II9zQvIhkaZZ+uS+/cgNOwWslZ1RM1VXucP89ZDRh4V8nQw0+y4SZiydu20wdlod +XD+iJOMh2A+ItRnD/f6uVod+aB8fVNREXb57neE7pJLnZJ5al6HXWxbEkLR+DJqW +zDYm60zmr6S1Cm2c67Brr6uDX1vAQD+uVgXWFnYfH4X5Tk6g9wPmrfc3YXEypZU0 +DbDA8pRbloT5IuTJlUrzlFxQufjssr6CbA8bpjZcZ6un9QxLdNeectAITKmu0i84 +IvuuGM4SMBHcDx6MRzYwA6XDmif4cuXhwXtLBhOYJGqgSy9BMLE= +=fIp+ +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..66eae5d24e --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso) = 846b7603b5291405533a35dcd0c9ad283bb38d280e879a38225053f62fd0279b +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso.xz) = 03dc8038323c605a15d92cc30d497623a2dea704ee1978760677ce86fbcd059e +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso) = bed02547ffd90aee5b8c2282814acd7d8ef18e443fd3363d6cdc02b42f7a9f37 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz) = f18a6affc2c6c28af4d29482a64bf38e9f4b4a150eae7297bae8ab3c5fc076b4 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT8Qkw//fo1NNAOqXaqJxK1kzCM9cBLiYOzMyNsF0ZWEaCsrx0eRQGreW0c92OST +RKnQHgDl4JwoAAb2RCbHo8tCf3Jc2L4GgtNUsTHifhWU0Stz6xfNE0Pk0G1WIFy9 +Cutekd79i01y1ix+iUvK+obyzRZdbtHJlxwvJofd0gY9hLCIERGfGcA0mbgdTZKH +aAKxFXk45dbIpVmn1a6ZjQfSmy1Bf0yO430BlQd445czOIU402LCJRipe1YMgiAt +3ZTfd+mg5AnUi60SgK/hVWwEdG7173J6fmOkay9sblEnBUdak2rcub5pHgZTeCS/ +9NJJegLPvpL/CbXsYW0k5DFlrSftlR4jqoUshc209i/bgHnnak5HgNDZnUrA3npr +x0wNkPbgwojz69a3XpHkZbmZmdePfS0p2hYuuGqPQpYnMxYCxmLen06ickDlBhUJ +ISw+1WfulWZe9W+FSkK8ZYYh7eEcLugSRmlEsL/fo18FMNbacqwg+PTHmc735/dR +KFmfWxNimDh8Kfk/qZpx4QXx5jxxGlGPQIH58+P+TgAoX3hnPz6njHaRJF7MOKWE +gBwEv7eihSPQ3U2hpEJAfU5yX+uVYtSSYL72rQe2GPvXo43enucXFqq6lSjb1b24 +n0KpQDmuOZxOcwHWY52rO6fltxkJjddV8MlRcNOEM57pl2KZRoU= +=ovxw +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..56a9fcc7d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso) = 90a6079277e8ceb75e89b2391d1dacd40f6371b8eb96427f5f9e6be3606c35db +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso.xz) = e17a54b85a14f2ca718570945f93e789555fe477f5479b9d3bbef75d2f9291de +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso) = cea05f5f3be0f0bbe72d62a8df4102592804475efdf5ab744a54a1e0e87dd5fc +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso.xz) = b84ddde2050448cb92dab4bfd6535ddaf9513a9a62741e3ff01f3dc25dbff5e6 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT99Jg//Z2BTr8jAH0qR5bFYsvEsov3LZvH/j3DJRpPwCTuPeRTDSRTsoJzSl5rI +dbj7+BTvR8V3vqN9znfu6DSrD8n+MKAKrgRWOM2b5JzJwqn4XlQwjZWbZUvbXb7O +xWniocbvqgJ57CxjaUr83z7u9KfZlOO8JkKtf5XC9bQHyt5KYNIz+6NpRO9tpI7X +AEw3U5mKOfMrEB5rGr7RfL/NFHHlaPBGLS+ut4ctspz5I/AbYPxf9idbBcvISlps +uuZNdYh/ZmHad5DlyY2nYtLuXS9+EZr+Cx6iWo/E9O9Kf6Z/dMl+KWQhaqRcgLCe +JUJo6avVlTBiYcgO+oM1H+OAvTol7G+lTT9T+cz76lv3wxHZvshXJPD1sAHpYb/P +ah3YZD3c0+mw9D2yJ785CHjl5MGKppqQomK1azJN0ZWTwLClrGqyAvIoXX9FiDsv +MfS7lwQB81TW7jJKc+FGhzKW6vVDp0Mdzd/f0rY92pBBCOrHmXS2b3xFttIN51k3 +vhsC+BbPQATVI2n5tQyF86aVlLVnuyaGVvQ3ByLPqZsKlQBwrKnrUkBvF0lHvnwu +K5WWrKa0D4JrcMnSE4Anwygb61xuBvEqZNnrX78S+bSkCY2NtGdn+n3Ihhsn+2HR +/qssDgwuwYi2tYC+BB24uZo8XCXuL1xYCvqRal2QmWDuvfCKznI= +=1r88 +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..fcc262e83c --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc.asc @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso) = c22efbfb4886501f6167bdfd5563a83ee05344ac21df81ec758d12d443a015b3 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso.xz) = ab2f80890e571242b911154b2ceefe776e5b9c03d71b39a3098c19d996552110 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso) = edb3e7843bee9c1d798925faa77456c396371712cb97e18b0ed44997108369b9 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso.xz) = 1d358dad0643dfb7ca2e63910cbec0deb8ae43106a8a74d4a80d91093430d39a +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+W+RAAlunPsn+947gHLB5Zeb9AJM2Vz3261/dhYfD2GvN+LfsU4omJ2ILF9zyO +6bn4UoMLxtdNdtzilqTFLdIbnYIZCzQzbJvaEBKWPhb/lUccv3odsKfJhPdXmNur +yhjwgLtDTFl7sNm6pSk2spBLBNVk4+bpNytomtIezXQkCXCe1i9hXVJU5RBsU5gw +2Zjo9pudNYyFNmZdxv8Uzk8NZHujDkAR683rhLtpzUb6PQ26SXXZseSSpzejxzAU +0HKa/EVWc5i4bAAUbrbT3K53iWxnNyDbzsb+HQzBQaGty4Mw4QL1Z3l+JJsFVT7e +2kZ9qSnq13cnbaK9L6Jspn2NVXnehHX3MmeWQXPaW7uAKmxIWsXD8AAWs0Kck394 +qkOY1dQjrNyVntS/BmqpK4e3bKYLHdN2Q/Bn5b0gG3cJbQsCWUMM2m4O8C3Gd16o +VmZLS/LLtIm5W1eIPGGNMrVSLnwmyewB5S48/Ce8UmtK5tF6Pk0G8krMyMHG5B9G +oAo8v7lBy+ERb/Hs8dHXdpFSnnVyJJr+qX9fCMWNd7bHUiu3GP8wRM6b83asQOWh +TPgS2/jLOAyo11NuQpnofkz662Ba9G11SGmykBAX1iPblnD6frnrDDhfdb+CXne+ +YlOL1pG6Boc3F99ocoYArNPOxiMUs1iMeJRZT7XowqvljYJLupY= +=nOfz +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3882b2d388 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 27da02df7dcc2c079d671c8353475021e37ee66a92c6a11885bd1b242841e22c +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+gYA/+MS2kN06EcrCAYoY4F1a1D94KoHrPA6AEzD07qREjyLwTO+C3M4DSMIEV +tiX2RQYQUCbZYKlJYI4PjfTO7GhPhDE8voxmnJRmT+gLl1inRjXW5afwLauEX1hs +Ly8oQqazDyzyXuTfXIp5wmAcdvWQXSYL+TxIlmXZycR4pjwfpA4ZlKwD4CpyMDHR +KfyqJZxoAdqRSsFs32mIYzLwU1m81dJILPBSqD0STEBykTqTruDRVy3S5yhCFUxn +Tj5btJXz4AEiPVbke9U2A3iumYI7sliipUXXd7USFtHb862ZHh3BWV8HJ1eHvtDp +/0jipYl7a3PxfHXuTxltn1hwrU25gPshu638Xy7R9qI5oXesSu8ynTkwXd2pHYLw +9X++Kr3fiUCdd7/KnERyhrRVs/Nn8LQp9hGizNVzlLusbZozdW64JCyV+/IvxG6B +5f+IhR/WRB6jRUjc3BTVXXGN7ArVYOC2ngWbEBJ5T4w65ijPQPBgR/19A3w8a/TS +t6Z4USl6iQWpqLyLUL/qoyh19V2j9Jp3oBuaFhrQI2Azr16VSFG1XbeD8YoeXQqp +PXFc9FRjp17t9/u2vJlXqzyw8kPJdGyNSdU49HpCITwcgT7BNS4R/WYJkzcU7iYi +IIav1z6KIOMsZ2impyFtTxXhKfe4xRZ6FYS1I3ZGQ44/i/nrqqQ= +=XZRX +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3276bfefb1 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 26cd996ec53a9569e6030eba593e6e8eba617c029aa817c828a49072cc166099 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.raw.xz) = af19c39e3382171277fa4cf745355a472717dd784771464f3307c33dcb6b7830 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 5a53f3574b652500da38c6202af63bec76d70e51aa0af6c0a55b020e6061add5 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 3d595b490d4e1fcc6d4ba3611939c3c274faccb216c03b8671b4b0ba5415d8ad +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = b9cd25d74ae9d508ecf5d49ac26649936b1ba0baeeb3437c5625465404d5c542 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.raw.xz) = 5807888b44261aa9bbfc30fae1b4397a5bc0bda6f46583bfab54a67cb0112576 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vhd.xz) = b03230738554beafcdd8aa6f0d3102186d47f94d0ccb1daf55fe7a8df59b6740 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 340c8f798f70daf3a90e1d8919efb0917efa157973d99d0154baee7f7a51ae09 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.qcow2.xz) = 26cd996ec53a9569e6030eba593e6e8eba617c029aa817c828a49072cc166099 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.raw.xz) = af19c39e3382171277fa4cf745355a472717dd784771464f3307c33dcb6b7830 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vhd.xz) = 5a53f3574b652500da38c6202af63bec76d70e51aa0af6c0a55b020e6061add5 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vmdk.xz) = 3d595b490d4e1fcc6d4ba3611939c3c274faccb216c03b8671b4b0ba5415d8ad +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT919Q//UdRdZWLy6DqgRa6IHOr6rJPSXVazCHTKAp0gWK1DT5RCwPnxm546XAXc +ElPYb+wrp13AecnMSCnZMZ6U9aTmQez5mUGRfMPTSg2BMS3vL/aAXsHyPvxslCkz +Zg+gIJzhb1FAJhjmLCN8bvSVb4KiAdQqOq5Li5A9ExcxlGHMxEWhkFyxvsrroFcJ +BJi6wrQTsjp3I1UBHL+t6DYEfrbbYgFu5hYzXXkG19UB1FvkMgulMbhahpXMrCyD +8NnwXd1OBXdSckLWPcZMBxTXIVqCai+r41y0cTlKfCN5W8COU2YNF4zMBDTHY5ei +guP/WCD3kc4cCer0+q65v/6lCij12QBI4F4ddg3hii/0VUvDDu/mCGlmql2dkh69 +lQ6EOwNJFfVhAGlQQj2hcVTDFojvvyPtVOQCIqH+3nEPkoHdytXuXKOmIfFUhDNZ +FCPvCgMm4UEUGCR9ku8fhBg4o8207OjyyDpoRaMDMV0E3Q5DA1JFhBj8hFXKCla+ +j6UJFQNavm4+rYY7RRUdcoHxJS9MQG+MMia50dExlmfLgpuguBpCln19ZihtZ2Qg +9Ksoj8+FDFfBhRYDK+Ue9VFIn6ouoSiaRDefLth62dcIdw7HmBAZXmgLaauHNG34 +E4i8sI4u354xNCmY9/iu1y2KoJgXw0UHk1k+67D8tH+T5whsrW0= +=P7RT +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a294a65001 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso) = 4979a79e1543a13f58e4ffca8f6864c1c67621a55eba154a185ea76ffd3a0234 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 7c904d266f963b3c2b1063c5fb46bc3d25ef08dd3ba912ee32597b1e38486f1a +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso) = 16e24fdaea94ced9fdc8f8495065f03669ee5c7854ac7e6f7b12c2ddf9dd48e6 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso.xz) = f0fa60ad8e1475ece0400728c86de3d95df515b320e99577f58a4ddeacf2d07b +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img) = 8567c36dd7e9aa4fb4cfc47db5d4c541e1762fe43810f269b909325448028ffc +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img.xz) = 92961528f3f5613c872ddac6d83080cfb934767c89d71b24cbe612bb14aafdc7 +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img) = f6bf42a17ef387bfb3a51abada6a4aa81aea790027fce9e59c97e51d20c09e6e +SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = ebda69b2bb624a84b0d2588d9274bce0f7b4507b762a524e055ca9d48698cae5 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT/GBg//faJANbgKuCyjOCgFzXEncw/iGNCCmU4Te3Z23HwvHvfcmftCYlqFA2dr +7yogYTKFdBepeS6pquatT/vQodmwbRHFpgMEZfKLNdJcvKLkFp/Gxj7SwTXh6lYI +qT25BHvBPhiUj3uatQrTwi+ktGgxhtwIGith3q2cZJtMpC0FwLQS5wfNp20aukbd +n/3TtMkKXa1ab30vd+7fvefTMD3PE7zEblq4/TZHSP6kyMg5lvzNLncf8VIF3e5L +lt3VSud7PUn0C/GFi9u/+YoYyxEHEKaflapd/zM6MmSf3DRPl7ZAbGdzsGOWrJLH +tJ+tDN9htt7sWT5ykZxSSHRYXdgPsIFiOHjBYVZEtaW9ycJhvQoLxP8HuOv8nW6p +Jj7MuAKd5BhQFBRqMHEwpPlO2OKIdmlfvCOx3gTT8utKMav91YHoRLAOrZHghdV2 +8wt5mSdwsRBcnFd61XuAwFpJ3ViBja/rZtnn4H3O9D5hZLkj4/Q15cJBk4krC3g0 +ztw/4Sk9fi8W7Lig69dPZT12g+Xundq4AfGj+3LTNArw+Ed1K25xq2/mbk+9y4aN +EgJI7uw7Y1XV7x5/YaJDvPHn9dvAeJRWGS7kTXuj/+sW2Vaf9KxU1OZJC0oVO+1d +FR0lKBqBEW/A6fyTDNtMzMfS7ISk2pwdvoEsK5Pxt8PPg85zaLE= +=Oqzn +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..eef87ec957 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-vm.asc @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 8f1c7ef058259f0bb3d087ae31238021915832b6eb7a7d9bd438ad2c1aca42258c4b09e196bcc1487f0bab55663de28b9c26cc1eb2faa69b06dc7f1aca882af8 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = b3dfed55092a4dfdd682e97bbcebc610c74aebe5931d765ea89894424497cee9fbc69ce040ba298b8ef034867c0ba2393f48767d20e29e2db954ba76d661c3bc +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 86b22a7a5e8cfe4f7ddf7555963852c749cd7e951b5d2e08e3e66cd54a6bdda7b950514a811f452304ae7caf921f41dd1fe5121c8792cd4092fe644d9f5838cb +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = c4560c4849c7e6bfd878f795162c6228ad91436e30309c56cf1eba50546eff2f8aeb3c143d02068330fa02b573784ec4f402fd50eebe46ac4315dd8db5e832af +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 26b60ae8391a6b95ffb92cb9b53e51ee775d01f050721a9a3100f74da50d2e5a7c9ef355688a87314a8abf58f62305bd0cd89e5b90741f8851c67292ba8d9dc3 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.raw.xz) = 9fe2aa5b1988384f5f6306e59b70268defa8ae188e8068b8697b67db2484f19c30639072b54f79a9767f78a02fcee3ab91f8a4fbfae561f14908305174727c8b +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 7df3d98195218414d4c5ac6cfd8b843946e19d8c89bb512a572215f02753852bbb7c23191d17a0a394498aba55e603413de10209c81ad345139c12e96a388106 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = c8deb0efd8610431173db3483b35607c4453f20a5a5ccc8097eeb9947f56ae37837daaa5de8d5aa3faa2dde9b995b0d72e7b07418742c9624f7a3c94f17356e0 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 35abd27b62e92354cd9aafc7030412f56ba230d330ec5e8cdce87a64e6b1b7a2bcfe5634150e3c95ee0a842e70982cbce62fc77453426dbef1dae32e18c84227 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.raw.xz) = b681de8893d489285a31963e3db13de371deca67dab8a21c4d9c88b504c7a6632eb03fd6598213d9826a42a9b8eca7358a9c2a9bf9a74300260fab96a5b795a1 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vhd.xz) = f883d79d92ad0115751c94ce9220e3cd396e037e7edba229bebee34f3e184346c3c34d8cbc4409f5b0924dd0a4fe01bfac6b0d5d37ea492a91c44acf79f06247 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 34a28743164bfc587115bcdbc73aedf70133246140d5cc119957121bef3e10f1b89a172744f45ef2767b4dc5190cd7a62fc9c08f945b6edd95f5789402331347 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2.xz) = 26b60ae8391a6b95ffb92cb9b53e51ee775d01f050721a9a3100f74da50d2e5a7c9ef355688a87314a8abf58f62305bd0cd89e5b90741f8851c67292ba8d9dc3 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.raw.xz) = 9fe2aa5b1988384f5f6306e59b70268defa8ae188e8068b8697b67db2484f19c30639072b54f79a9767f78a02fcee3ab91f8a4fbfae561f14908305174727c8b +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vhd.xz) = 7df3d98195218414d4c5ac6cfd8b843946e19d8c89bb512a572215f02753852bbb7c23191d17a0a394498aba55e603413de10209c81ad345139c12e96a388106 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vmdk.xz) = c8deb0efd8610431173db3483b35607c4453f20a5a5ccc8097eeb9947f56ae37837daaa5de8d5aa3faa2dde9b995b0d72e7b07418742c9624f7a3c94f17356e0 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT/A/g/9FiRFVlMso1VmHDOVg/5YPH0C4RJQxAR8U9tzLyCY2sF4L2gAOyoHmOXc +AxqhIfCHIqgMLM86/WTZ7/u5M1fo0hbQkyYVnM+xF2PSR685F+3kjAiT7Y3e7O0x +iFqg9phWjDzl8oqR8NY8pNnomx7BS6DRXhV1haLXo16TFp+hBoH65hvZSkzQX4zo +y7hFnzuzM2YuPYvpobxzfiAITDiZ8bYVozZYfAxa8WyJIWFT6H7jMAygQSesF+Sz ++zLpEk5Xl0mMlbKqLvYCHGMQrLx9Rp+tIrBtGVdhtBV93uTN/MaCdHgWzOcinT+3 +GlEnFWk5+GHumdSFX5ukjV5JVxR+eJW+45VHXIgSSSDCmNI4XnztF/VWSJNGShXF +iOIMKB1lW4x+g4tTeO+xJ9+1w6ZNh9jBPxEWREcpXtdKZcrbLcaL+J63zWnoXc2J +Ez0sgoQPJnGJEg9ZnsISSrYrleTBt6Ac0L4h9evgzEw2qpyOUvvxF76UMcLNjva3 +123wiYJHq4AZOv41Glbx/orG5dS53vgQk2hSHeRGLhyerRyB4ZdPwfNXwrQiuPUR +bB6NPYftdwoehA5eEB0YGUQPawoh9QlfBjqeIuB41AsG6jgvir9oIKisniCCQC1X +s+IYp/eo5qiNQIM+EP9+RB75xMBm8Gy2V7llCDeAe85pz4xEviY= +=l9vP +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..34c02a7a38 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso) = 331b01eb44f96deb5882d28f2711f3cb455b8a51536df6f5209bae4c4d298fc53136427b5c4d802c84b129fcc43706eb4b11a318bd2aa4cc2ea8146c0e4d6f4a +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 1c5b680a9f3071e180c10b07b39676c84ecfcc882a41d104da16cef84dbdd2c7b08db7398d867d1775f0b054ba9772d625e4eb55fdd94b6b453581bc80ca14e1 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso) = 0f7ffc75be1b9393b255ea7ee08dd071029d8d76626c16bf730441b683c4d58b44b3b407bff9d3a6daf1dc6ac636ae0c74c65f8e0d96f5bd6ea36f269d0420d0 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso.xz) = 6edecf54b98dfcb4f1b78ccafb098747677b83af991cf43c06d376ebabc10693a8f5917a24539307ded7f8d280d1eec73e1f706ad58915ea97f7560631b1cf86 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso) = d300ed938b4d6acf86575a8784470134f1ea452d96650867df99777e70c0979c409074d00650afbce115745081973858bde93511751ae8e5e4bc05e40f576041 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.xz) = 3da01948242431ea68dec8deea8b2db3b8e39e506a14511c93c45369b5c0598b0be9a73d6e8adf6472b76087468f2f039fb6cd1db5dc1732113986434a8514b2 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img) = ef6ef9e4e0f2ff3b22dc680f69e5effc7af62d3277070f15616399d3b7e7009d8fa6827d69555fee6a5069934990338107e5bce1af0ad92bbda785cd379a0103 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz) = 334c22f927824e90d78516773f9fe86cb622ae225ff26c3e3efe1c17ddf1b0be72f313356d429c4c68e788672ffca26d4bffb5d7ff39649fe138e983c36194f2 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img) = 0ebfaa74ccede793f44e7412eb1be48f96247583c149930b008bb7f291bfbeed4d59af0ec22a3c08c2af00abb04fc29994e8e171907a7343761dfa72f596139b +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 73708a2e57f8eeab1f75391af8ebfcafcf7e232b8f1221fbcda46d3b81d92a5137861b75deb55c1dc0741a6e6f35e401927cffc4a851246e88914ac371b00754 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcUACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT+bDA//QG9QOJNRJ/+aUaAfZ9+KHiTWft5PmVyowL8rup7eEd6kDo0YFYQ2Tx8u +B3V1y4iNYCPIHWmB3+8nK4+IGhDJJ9E/dPF9FL3BaycAnuWk4XUUIbULaQBFLTez +SJLKdkxKkAPklUQNB1AlcDmWNIY0E6Ziqv0RgcOe0Y1Iy9qttADxN8HBMn8lKpGp +iURuwXqUZHJgbr20F5kA+u+jq9Eex/G1RMV90S2KGsYkifRZMOwsGdMZjsmLntj3 +RgrtuqJuTi5EMG8ntq6guBGJ3wUTLQ2jMbwwwL+IVhypkJQG0O/DQMWChYnz0GxH +j6xOQFIdf1JyEfC2v9DSd29PZAFdtZhZKTEwU8QHfbzjd65bsxijI+0Xp8nBUYTD +CduuT9GT+CIWrOG/2rYOvDS8lWJvRCvY7DttbGPSe2K7tUea5I3amhKibM8/ic28 +tybgFtMIx5ED8tp0r5HG64Vims5t7AqT7MfG2iI0cyhrMfiQd/uqqcDmgB8Ov7UW +A0YC3GNevML3au0AfLshV9JPVhjPlysUrhyCK2PCL7yNRk/ggpf0vmuCBBOFHBMU +p+Qeyz3ep76XJ1KNn+BIO5zwYnzhbiw4zBOUlUqBU/1pNABSBTR6SX39rW/35wCL +U/ZSohUf5qhfX9Pq8Oxyl/YIxdTNRUvphBiTY04tnqqgIgjdu1c= +=IDnr +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a8145fa28a --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 227f86df539347e890b8c33f91f18f65e8a5fb29ce37f606396315334bc8ebd59eb3953bf86a3d11c97fb2141454656692e5f18181c9ffa58c7f252c6faf9d59 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT9QmxAAkzooadfo5u90E8KsdIJipbGeNyqAiV7ha204qX3LZvEWu+//SBah3zhZ +W9OejGVMaRq/M+xwowTlzhCBYJcEV8lGoBVYQD4Gkzd9g6E59/LTzdDYurJqh5OD +zsjersyG6QokIEXeB/yOhUx5c0vRLiHl8Aa6wwISmH/hn9jGxuRgKcSZBbFxRIrh +zlm2DNmveCEeM5pFuNoIInOllO2Z8hNfs3HDiiMaNkC2mNaNVt5vhmzFwHC6mGPK +VMmn/Uo3PX9RMFHJIiFHbUi1NPE6jounh7uPzQ/SCRgZHQc0xQLp4PFgUlW5l6Wp +qU8pHgEmbl2dgnQGSgOf9fZZBt3eQW3wh4pbqnOQK73MYVRGfpEGRllosRKFr5HU +VGUye5igh9f+dQ1FLQu7oTw6g32mmh1bee0elr0TTli97M3Twod+eWybQBHntleY +uBDN+2SbShEp7bqQjxhKT/87Mi4UlaOVdca79ePvP2GgrNHpZ/Pv/hDn/c87o+Py +rg+QkusOdl5uq3WYNuisFN7aLdBlIiegcAfO+Nkv1RWN/6zaRYjeciSYJ3huYM02 +Fsd3L5DOg0limT4fyaL4C9rCleOYPPPIbeNlUH/3D8cuJ2OfCe0ka5POAYLrcIoT +eCPSKxM/CYC7vQnMEnBsjCqCwr25X/G+w/jhAVwyy7W7hFFEKUw= +=4Rqz +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..11f37ef954 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.img.xz) = 47f26400c6a83c70f8cee11ca9cb66e1ff0e2d563af7d56da8004c3e718ee2e8036ffc059fb0993103e882f8cdcdcd2e1201d4a85826c26e398a1b134a01dc04 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT9aAhAAgW/3nahI3UObemQi7RJVoBYcY+/htA+Sz1wL4d5qXwVJb9JfU3zF3YDP +C8qcyhcz/DTStkuKGpo7jJohh76aDzUYTKGeOjJg+RxZgvtB8AnHcq4t6pS8ORej +dRKQ3wnBTZ+ILEvgHlL/XBcf5Bgo4u1ojmK/C7eKTqHVVQI7gmcssok5xftvbqpC +XU064PSGNAFN4NuKnZy6juSXhVIM2Bzz7u/Nz4n6byHfXHZTOxs3K+udS/Aowl5o +S0p7liYHtBztYcTF1pdP0gTqeneiTxTaLYgJda0LXJAdcUa2PEGL5+RLXvvpfbsI +V4pwNqYL1NWReWmjv0ADp1PeB57huezetO3cvC5EAV95JnXTLsmCLyxVxB1lsw96 +qKmCJhcrd47I0Nqjp8IH15ZR007Xw87ZMOOg7qIdzryaolX1dWnvQTFNzXsMEexQ +KHFDWGOWcXGgY2ERtGwuxogvMWrRX6zc5IXCqHJnQYfMzY3DhyQ2WAJEKmi+t8bY +fSSHqsFMVZGfbXpikQBCaWoIOkb3JmQnXKoY+Dk5IHYuBv1K4Y0vZdA/IHzQ5LD0 +8yOLeClg0bn1FOslQLkBDMQCSlRchIdqb1GG8yUHjoAi8kjkAu3ZLSYVMzlJvZkg ++iw5i8A344OpPLFQTIQMRFfFCoblp2JBVjn+nH8N+tnm6krbxrk= +=2gdJ +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..86d3f2a9e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.img.xz) = bf531b0f5f47c717429eced613dcb386b92b3413d58f2e093233ba22dea5481c2cfbe58f82ea372ba1ec4636f2db78ceb1dc7b693f03409c94772e0456c080f3 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT8Akg//V7c9jDbzLIlAH0bwkOuChrp4WvOVlB89tv4BVaaEcE1EmO5I6j0KqJzq +TviZNj2ek1BgxHqYCu6w6MgBPA9E5fbo629WOuW9vT5qN8620W46aE6RGdFVXaQG +24e+fgtYdNN2xxeKmFYqt5QprT8mqOAH7YKRwLrqfnVjR1P2+H2CAtjog5By3hDT +S/Kh+ltUN7Ks/9FHccFzHlD2M52S/gvbrcoCdROHXKb3wiFZcV9GbfvZ6JHFbHjN +EKr+OUtfL3OiJbrf3aW61wqldWk10b9lIQBvmP/rXjhiKGKTJGKX/qZqA/J+8xB1 +5vcW9RjoCWPWk82AOUkDwojLP2oVzDR+OAZrtiZB0QAUUu2Q6ARWa8IkfA0gQ8Z6 +qf6mM2ROryOPTq8XK2JsGUZ0BRPdNq/qB91J3eHLj8cKb/YvgB+0HAtrOLpMoV2y +sGdU6vBIfBZ/nxuPFTxD6ALpTmStfdbWTYILRZJ4W+iez1ECAUJgJMUM1vY2Cfiy +vwmbDtKPXvkgfbr53k4NfjoQITxSskD28wfcusJUOBjM984z951MeaOR/FCvF4Yg +x2ran5bVkoTNOXK70UIxYd4dt6m0X/Jev2RCRMir/DElU9J/e6CY/R0r74jSJgB+ +Y3QCwOaTaWb395TKzAOg1Uhe7vdhqD4WgP7vOaw9LdSi/rUSkeA= +=Gv1w +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b46221a3f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.img.xz) = 5fa592a9459fef192de5c6221ce9ab5b6f1dc78e142db0ff3c6c24768fa13f2b89581270f3c99e44badf8d396a1c79a5539a20dfabb78206ff6305b8f7b9084c +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT9vIA/8CNMQGV0EjKlMVXkcO7wLd6XkeGm5P8S3+NvsXiqNO0LHdmaBShMov9jv +KNIzHxMCTp0ka+a1B1IRPdUOAyQmNjktEcAXn4wuL1PH0wOpKH6I9ZaEaUieWVh5 +BQFbmgcscRAni3qfL1yVw6XN5qPGQU5SS4DFCERb6wCR2LQo9yzs5PDOYpGzPxss +pU/BH7i0xHmNJqCklhdOLiC8GFgxFsY6r0hSUn+XMwWjdDLT3zgL/WtghKSHubLz +7uayiHyKvx3OmOrpyQ38wPJWpjj+CPPH3GU7lN0XuMaGLQCYE0LBTKeOMx0/H543 +E5FaZs79xTF4GSUVHspan+2/XV/HDcPdisQxDk91OCxAnbT2vRUAhLZunm04PMAm +QWz4Pupby/IQgd5LZqGqQ3LOmBgazIVLfScgZ18Lw9JM44xmXOnzQQS/dhowOcR4 +T91SnrKquIILzKu6xPbMBx17EcnBZEcd/7+wzlYP/XPEEwV3BgBX9Yb069Y7NBOz +NMLHah0h/1Slx/F44d0hyELcE9wIpq4xFrhuBUnz6SJ1eCxbNqjYmHiBO18VqBEh +auFCwiBxJZLicy7YR/yXQvzeoSa3gxIMS5OKaZmXlBtMjw/LNEyQ2k/Ly4hxyImb +LPqJHje0EdVXaV5ozW9txfWjaUhb7cbeWc7vACQL+m3n26d52jA= +=dx8X +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f67be1465d --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.img.xz) = 847019b4d18d0780a47292ca6cbec5d65403a79618e7389fda2961a462bd036cbcf6103c4e304e4f5510b7bb93d7c868a07a466554145cbd87d5f9e91d3725a2 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l 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100644 index 0000000000..29b8bf0c46 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.img.xz) = 4489ab34bf31c44af52df63b14b7df424fcdedadfd5deb4032486c9e16a88c54f70818b1eb6b9fa533f3148189ad858c7a57e41956aea215561d6e568d31694f +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT9jsBAAiYobx3e6zqrokm13JKT+dxMtLURS7eT0ud+p9SwLlibIV7CYSXwscHZ4 +B8x1LiPJmmHLAx2O38pt/9+2xoglkGt5oBJU4CJeiVbJVeN9atN3j1yWB1wInAGA +9gEYhbmt8WToITnx9NyBXrES1WxV7DOVD1mluo4mhC8bxLIhl59OHjR0CYnX7ZNx +v5Q3/uFE8j8ewTa0eaGfMK6MLx3KrYR65zWbL0xE3wYQ10VOyUFbW0Pog9RW58wi +F4R9kGed4XfXs5EbjyX4aw8RDHsPxMj5eFc6wHz7Iht3vv5oWQC+dQUC5vsGwA2M +AQny537aPkTIb3RYWY6Lychj2oFiYU/ZB2bSsoEOwpkCsE8Hb+DgskltRmMQ4hpK +lqYNi3nupa66Nr66aGNmXXZCZz78LUjy1w7O6/E78ebUkE2xxQMvtCzCMLuGRZHb +BZfPJ0HnESOx3sEt51sOvGMdEOgqUYOblcJj8nzD5dL7DbCo+7RwgWUMYJayyBj2 +QtQ+qF7qPlWlpCsPyXZAE7Db7uC7YtGykEIZZeuZ/7BGDyfrGoXWntHRqpz+D0EF +gSOsgvMV9EbLhvRYQ7T/QjCtPqtwH7nqWTiUijYdHq8UhyJq7Zxf23FN+ZjR+Wxm +cPlzuEN4xsRk4twChh0gT8I0C0PhlQZIJUYHc0jF8RuHeUhahLA= +=xASF +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..00c76865e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img.xz) = c43fc8966cddebd5c5f0609b3154c53768fd5caf11621fae5b0a69c68b1cc22c1f6ff71ba87f32f2aa1fa4080d297c1f5880fbb6ead8d1b180fbb87f0fdcbec7 +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIcYACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT/lkA//QPXfDLZaQzkD99VXbY5sCeVM1Z6OOp3/3wms2q65/J3LXNfDxUKILQKb +oJq547bIb1N5a2+E/ewTUG3HnX/ZO2jX7Fl34fM+4bc6sOdRcx9dDEXXYTQes07i +a/u0MBXkPKeZkzh7mVtdnBvU2AJ990i+mrMNTK0Wb8rNv2gXpdKWGa0eKXphAVV6 +1q9WmcZik6SbAWU176Tw0l7d2zdFB/aU2pYA/eW/wZuWJBxOpiWwyAy9KWEd61k2 +rwAFaF8l378u4VtP/PH3qS3fX6z+Cbay73M9ab/f2qQd3INujgoQyUae/I9VrjhU +pJL55kLT4KKiHIbo5f/ZXjl59+mSA7aPR7oyfeohEVfrHF9mmc2i31PNT8M8CvTc +A5rUGTSPBJQepX6MSoloCYfK8x+HSl1BPCEhD1G/tmlJzQvt9BYkxNKlg9iZCwI2 +95M/iiXByvgDDwG1Z3ZjgXkAn5z9h/JpD8jcYMullyilvKJRiJOUOgLb6V5+GnRq +jJgfhTc3cE/vZ01KksybWuClstxffLqfpY/Ecvf32weto594X5VS/8qeqiRKvFk9 +FKbAHqEl4cHhZ2kyY8ZxnoyH6lsQsDPmbV6vpzqm96zTocQUrKBHd76N2BIwMu/P +yCn7B6Odcez4vrWOfR80uJ/XFMaUFtz0ZU+z9QPu0CspO0sJz7E= +=ogMM +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4101f59a40 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = a0870781153e3725280d7d54586e5cd5705e962ac7a7220567f78e1f639ad7bf9d137aa4d5a6701bc5694093919c4c7e4317b6a72b3b2941e01deb581d5772f6 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 4fc40a5b7b89f755cd7ffd90838ccf5100e0786bd40c7e3544a76abdc6827ced49f49313dc626a1d5188acd9a18455e2e21abd4f86028ece8163f05b471968e5 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 0d6915fcdd6c3e8e01671311e9ecd0cdbc70f1ae5a5ad963253b69dca1835e8a5516b96329f17d71ba2d45537ffe864203fa9be4eb71b280a1884d0613c8f234 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = 0cea3643e8132ca38166d9d71abc3fb5ed1781c6424ee3a71aab52ee1c561c81442f664658aed759472d8057c50714b6494a5bc4a49423190e0fbfcbbb297bc0 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 05112940563f50744a18c14e90f9a7fc528991f62a5185067f8a224c25fe891a9f5d4b32796217741c2c5b4771a4b64b33dc3b467f01c0b1ed96866315a7b41d +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.raw.xz) = 0fb2c15e6e5cf85ba35ea7d8119f5c74965e65c76970f064413b90f355eb28abe2d26eb998e0ac405ba5347a7dbc6e582b71eb9d6e16340f0f91636c412f4f9e +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vhd.xz) = d13ef22127430c0762654d2663f263e8b2d8ce020879da99e8094bf0db4112aa081a920952f64989a780e788579c2d50f9529a4c4c647b79617ab33ac411a5b3 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = bb9ed6bc20a212bc592f4d9d9fdca1f4d59d7bf7026f21666abdcf311e24e6d2820a6edab04ab15a28b1557904c20a1edf6315edb77e20c2bfb9424c52fafe7f +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 7cb067a4c2029ca57e27cadd25e7871746bd73ff951517ad89c29af2e208ba894106a6d7f69c6a27649e179806d403c3e3df8ec0f4b9a011079dd07db6d56743 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.raw.xz) = 0643edf30ae603c7bc6f83d233aab4cff1e89a1fd0da297e09e2f50d975dc67c1ef6922a9fa7e50c74a35df358499bcfb2d65d0b9d01d7cf42c15eec037a7afd +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 708172842fbef1961327f1070476092e988ab7a5df566b5388d967e7da36bb3870a3d402afecf1187724e9e4539d6175b356d64084b3a48e3136d6fd5975f6dd +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 63d7730ae961193e0c40e294d86ed5eb32598a708fbbc5b55c2239d42191cdbc3d43ed13658641ae9bbfef1d24beef9c6b1bdbdd6c91e5cc52c14f3ce310563b +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.qcow2.xz) = 05112940563f50744a18c14e90f9a7fc528991f62a5185067f8a224c25fe891a9f5d4b32796217741c2c5b4771a4b64b33dc3b467f01c0b1ed96866315a7b41d +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.raw.xz) = 0fb2c15e6e5cf85ba35ea7d8119f5c74965e65c76970f064413b90f355eb28abe2d26eb998e0ac405ba5347a7dbc6e582b71eb9d6e16340f0f91636c412f4f9e +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vhd.xz) = d13ef22127430c0762654d2663f263e8b2d8ce020879da99e8094bf0db4112aa081a920952f64989a780e788579c2d50f9529a4c4c647b79617ab33ac411a5b3 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vmdk.xz) = bb9ed6bc20a212bc592f4d9d9fdca1f4d59d7bf7026f21666abdcf311e24e6d2820a6edab04ab15a28b1557904c20a1edf6315edb77e20c2bfb9424c52fafe7f +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- + +iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEglY7hNBiDtwN+4ZBOJfy4i5lrT8FAmmrIccACgkQOJfy4i5l +rT9rFg//YVutzR/EDp3gi1ZidBz16+IXsXSi9W+l4WUTSHUz0/SLwAfsYyhNP8Xs +Hc+6tfUEdvA6OSzjpwVjgu66ttXwMF5EASzLJBkJIN+/OpwEuaN05zbpIXfkrhce +AekHibhR9E4YpqMU5YG8h+UOaSVN2w5srjpfhl8bX8iPKl2UBO9+NmCeM/tBzTRc +kl+SawaQGQOb4wyjpgjr1Q/ehaTQDETjpBsyJQrdWMBA2s3WpDze5lwLoZuCid5l +pDnMrT2lzg3j0FFMcv5JUGN0MZlFUWyTQ0Ro5eDscPuIJuTqMw34q2QcS+KEs6Vy +SOhAwOwzeywz7wHyO1oKIbgrINZh2AGJqui/3scGaSJboyq+bnZbLyttV/UOqHuE +TZqxwmblMVgnv1WhZ1KweRfOdyq9k0kQwQ75D76rNZTvOAXaQAKEPF0XKUDpNoZd +Rk+Ete2tygHaKLvlCV0nP49xPW/ubrYVWpmDYJgqzDrhrB3iY4HG69dmuCc3qLfa +LMTkPIyV+t0S3oL8eF7y2xCu8NxJJZxBQC1f2oSb9jnYJtfwK4VS3nJ0xOaHRT94 +JVurqC61Rc6vLYI23GAUSFUZMGz3KRgRjcqz0dJVQr0jyu7+K8jLkyyKFggrXzW4 +2eSDbOEEYeg2Acy48iEJjEeLN+/x7w30ExSxpBH4fJHBLdYjSfc= +=9kWS +-----END PGP SIGNATURE----- diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..02000c697a --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/checksums/CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso) = 633635c0a621a2f37ce786a724cdadefc161ea6d03e0bc6a306be2df09e4d511a162e67ee8a666a9a6cbef16b892a2da3eb97ee8f3db1047837969b7975d1f69 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso.xz) = fb922047b761355736ec81603fc3099074d1f87bc3e4ad7dc8ccc99206ad628e09bca5e98818208e31d7e3fdaaca54d0068cd4b5eae97d44a56325a070190e14 +SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso) = f958235831ada4f385449f52c1bdf9e45fd20ae913d274ba42b30d7f4b2c6da243591788cbcca8cad09e883ef2cec809a12cfd8ba5cd5933ffcf25c82bde05c8 *** 326 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Tue Mar 10 00:01:13 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVDYj5mXHz6V9Hl for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fVDYj4JQ9z3mkM for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773100873; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=n2zjnTxwsl9BxDln6aYnSDMugJKuRZfYNceV17zFFjc=; b=IX8ZqNzFph8hm8RG/PvXdlzZ4Oq7o9PtnXUZKEyR/yVv15QBa1uh6rvOH1iQio8l0UaPQD 7t4THQKxLAM3cCVUdIB5XYHjmxqbdYh9sSmpFiZcaa79rht74pQt4EwKEYOXYYSGXUq+UC 6M5TUsO/IuZukVx/LH8sTCLijKQl+584yCOcxuruQHXhObVHrWHPG8uvPffBsc0+FS0tEE r3X9dU2FUm2+HwdNWcg8nkGPmyszLkGeBq8cYvampKoraC5EhfqBq5URjac4YjFaM8pFQX tMcgODdtKtHmfvCjenkeDdDr+XRNd5A3JM4DC8p835gWbsLJK8PL8f1eHaRE9Q== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773100873; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; 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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: cperciva X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 75dea5f71f97a48dedb730635003e20f52f14182 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:13 +0000 Message-Id: <69af5f49.188d1.4cf7a590@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by cperciva: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=75dea5f71f97a48dedb730635003e20f52f14182 commit 75dea5f71f97a48dedb730635003e20f52f14182 Author: Colin Percival AuthorDate: 2026-03-08 00:45:17 +0000 Commit: Colin Percival CommitDate: 2026-03-09 22:07:22 +0000 14.4: Release-related website updates Everything except the announcement itself Approved by: re (implicit) Sponsored by: OpenSats Initiative --- shared/releases.adoc | 20 ++++---- website/content/en/portmgr/policies_eol.adoc | 8 ++++ website/content/en/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc | 19 ++++---- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/schedule.adoc | 2 +- website/content/en/releases/_index.adoc | 2 + website/content/en/releng/_index.adoc | 1 - website/content/en/security/_index.adoc | 1 + website/content/en/where.adoc | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++ website/data/en/news/news.toml | 5 ++ website/static/security/advisory-template.txt | 16 ++++--- website/static/security/errata-template.txt | 16 ++++--- .../themes/beastie/layouts/_partials/sidenav.html | 1 + website/themes/beastie/layouts/index.html | 4 ++ 13 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-) diff --git a/shared/releases.adoc b/shared/releases.adoc index 1185917055..a19727664f 100644 --- a/shared/releases.adoc +++ b/shared/releases.adoc @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ // Set to 'INCLUDE' when the schedule is available. -:beta-upcoming: INCLUDE +:beta-upcoming: IGNORE // Set to 'INCLUDE' when the installation images are available. @@ -100,15 +100,15 @@ :rel144-current-major: 14 :rel144-current: 14.4 -//:rel144-current-date: March 10, 2026 - -//:u-rel144-notes: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/relnotes/ -//:u-rel144-announce: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/announce/ -//:u-rel144-errata: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/errata/ -//:u-rel144-hardware: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/hardware/ -//:u-rel144-installation: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/installation/ -//:u-rel144-readme: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/readme/ -//:u-rel144-signatures: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/signatures/ +:rel144-current-date: March 10, 2026 + +:u-rel144-notes: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/relnotes/ +:u-rel144-announce: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/announce/ +:u-rel144-errata: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/errata/ +:u-rel144-hardware: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/hardware/ +:u-rel144-installation: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/installation/ +:u-rel144-readme: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/readme/ +:u-rel144-signatures: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{rel144-current}R/signatures/ :rel143-current-major: 14 :rel143-current: 14.3 diff --git a/website/content/en/portmgr/policies_eol.adoc b/website/content/en/portmgr/policies_eol.adoc index 03e8c273bc..76e13310d1 100644 --- a/website/content/en/portmgr/policies_eol.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/portmgr/policies_eol.adoc @@ -52,6 +52,14 @@ The _Estimated EoL (end-of-life)_ column gives the earliest date on which that b |June 30, 2026 +|releng/14.4 |14.4-RELEASE |releng/14.4 a| +* FreeBSD:14:aarch64 +* FreeBSD:14:amd64 +* FreeBSD:14:armv7 +* FreeBSD:14:i386 + +|December 31, 2026 + |stable/15 |n/a |releng/15.0 | |December 31, 2029 |releng/15.0 |15.0-RELEASE |releng/15.0 a| * FreeBSD:15:aarch64 diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc index d4648f694f..00382d3426 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc @@ -16,16 +16,13 @@ For more information about the release engineering process, please see the link: == Detailed Information -More detailed information -//, such as release notes -// and hardware notes, -can be found at these pages: +More detailed information, such as release notes and hardware notes, can be found at these pages: -//link:announce/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE announcement] + -//link:signatures/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE signed checksum files] + -//link:installation/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE installation information] + -//link:hardware/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE hardware information] + -//link:relnotes/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE release notes] + -//link:errata/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE errata] + -//link:readme/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE readme] + +link:announce/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE announcement] + +link:signatures/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE signed checksum files] + +link:installation/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE installation information] + +link:hardware/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE hardware information] + +link:relnotes/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE release notes] + +link:errata/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE errata] + +link:readme/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE readme] + link:schedule/[FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE schedule] diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/schedule.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/schedule.adoc index 4ccab55536..ff63864401 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/schedule.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/schedule.adoc @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ General discussions about the pending release and known issues should be sent to |BETA3 builds begin |20 February 2026 |20 February 2026 |Third beta test snapshot. |RC1 builds begin |27 February 2026 |27 February 2026 |First release candidate. |RELEASE builds begin |6 March 2026 |6 March 2026 |{localRel}-RELEASE builds begin. -|RELEASE announcement |10 March 2026 |- |{localRel}-RELEASE press release. +|RELEASE announcement |10 March 2026 |10 March 2026 |{localRel}-RELEASE press release. |{localRelPrev} EoL |30 June 2026 |- |{localRelPrev}-RELEASE no longer supported. |{localRel} EoL |31 December 2026 |- |{localRel}-RELEASE no longer supported. |{localBranchStable} EoL |30 November 2028|- |{localBranchStable} no longer supported. diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/_index.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/_index.adoc index d781d95906..b073c22899 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/_index.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/_index.adoc @@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ For information about branches, release dates, and estimated end-of-life (EOL) d * *Release {rel150-current}* ({rel150-current-date}) _link:{u-rel150-announce}[Announcement] : link:{u-rel150-notes}[Release Notes] : link:{u-rel150-installation}[Installation Instructions] : link:{u-rel150-hardware}[Hardware Compatibility List] : link:{u-rel150-readme}[Readme] : link:{u-rel150-errata}[Errata] : link:{u-rel150-signatures}[Signed Checksums]_ +* *Release {rel144-current}* ({rel144-current-date}) _link:{u-rel144-announce}[Announcement] : link:{u-rel144-notes}[Release Notes] : link:{u-rel144-installation}[Installation Instructions] : link:{u-rel144-hardware}[Hardware Compatibility List] : link:{u-rel144-readme}[Readme] : link:{u-rel144-errata}[Errata] : link:{u-rel144-signatures}[Signed Checksums]_ + * *Release {rel143-current}* ({rel143-current-date}) _link:{u-rel143-announce}[Announcement] : link:{u-rel143-notes}[Release Notes] : link:{u-rel143-installation}[Installation Instructions] : link:{u-rel143-hardware}[Hardware Compatibility List] : link:{u-rel143-readme}[Readme] : link:{u-rel143-errata}[Errata] : link:{u-rel143-signatures}[Signed Checksums]_ === Legacy diff --git a/website/content/en/releng/_index.adoc b/website/content/en/releng/_index.adoc index a4136d504b..0294e7f499 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releng/_index.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releng/_index.adoc @@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ General information about committing to -STABLE. [cols=",,",options="header",] |=== |Date |Event |Information -|March 2026 |FreeBSD 14.4 |link:../releases/14.4R/schedule/[Target Schedule] |June 2026 |FreeBSD 15.1 |link:../releases/15.1R/schedule/[Target Schedule] |September 2026 |FreeBSD 14.5 | |December 2026 |FreeBSD 15.2 | diff --git a/website/content/en/security/_index.adoc b/website/content/en/security/_index.adoc index 47d0261f0f..0a71eea0b2 100644 --- a/website/content/en/security/_index.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/security/_index.adoc @@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ link:unsupported[Older releases] are not supported and users are strongly encour |stable/15 |n/a |n/a |December 31, 2029 |releng/15.0 |15.0-RELEASE |December 2, 2025 |September 30, 2026 |stable/14 |n/a |n/a |November 30, 2028 +|releng/14.4 |14.4-RELEASE |March 10, 2026 |December 31, 2026 |releng/14.3 |14.3-RELEASE |June 10, 2025 |June 30, 2026 |stable/13 |n/a |n/a |April 30, 2026 |releng/13.5 |13.5-RELEASE |March 11, 2025 |April 30, 2026 diff --git a/website/content/en/where.adoc b/website/content/en/where.adoc index c94d7b78f9..c36b08743f 100644 --- a/website/content/en/where.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/where.adoc @@ -90,6 +90,61 @@ a| |=== +[[download-rel144]] +=== FreeBSD {rel144-current}-RELEASE + +[.tblbasic] +[.tblDownload] +[width="100%",cols="25%,25%,25%,25%",options="header",] +|=== +|Installer |VM |SD Card |Documentation +a| +* link:{url-rel}/amd64/amd64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[amd64] +* link:{url-rel}/i386/i386/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[i386] +* link:{url-rel}/arm64/aarch64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[aarch64] +* link:{url-rel}/arm/armv7/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[armv7] +* link:{url-rel}/powerpc/powerpc/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[powerpc] +* link:{url-rel}/powerpc/powerpc64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[powerpc64] +* link:{url-rel}/powerpc/powerpc64le/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[powerpc64le] +* link:{url-rel}/powerpc/powerpcspe/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[powerpcspe] +* link:{url-rel}/riscv/riscv64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[riscv64] + +a| +* link:{url-rel}/VM-IMAGES/README.txt[README] +* link:{url-rel}/VM-IMAGES/{rel144-current}-RELEASE/amd64/Latest/[amd64] +* link:{url-rel}/VM-IMAGES/{rel144-current}-RELEASE/i386/Latest/[i386] +* link:{url-rel}/VM-IMAGES/{rel144-current}-RELEASE/aarch64/Latest/[aarch64] +* link:{url-rel}/VM-IMAGES/{rel144-current}-RELEASE/riscv64/Latest/[riscv64] +* link:{url-rel}/CI-IMAGES/{rel144-current}-RELEASE/amd64/Latest/[amd64] (BASIC-CI) +* link:{url-rel}/CI-IMAGES/{rel144-current}-RELEASE/aarch64/Latest/[aarch64] (BASIC-CI) + +a| +* aarch64 +* {blank} +** link:{url-rel}/arm64/aarch64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[PINE64] +** link:{url-rel}/arm64/aarch64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[PINE64-LTS] +** link:{url-rel}/arm64/aarch64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[ROCK64] +** link:{url-rel}/arm64/aarch64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[ROCKPRO64] +** link:{url-rel}/arm64/aarch64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[RPI] (3/4) +* armv7 +* {blank} +** link:{url-rel}/arm/armv7/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[GENERICSD] +* riscv64 +* {blank} +** link:{url-rel}/riscv/riscv64/ISO-IMAGES/{rel144-current}/[GENERICSD] + +a| +* {blank} +* link:../releases/#current[Released]: {rel144-current-date} +* link:{u-rel144-notes}[Release Notes] +* link:{u-rel144-readme}[Readme] +* link:{u-rel144-hardware}[Hardware Compatibility List] +* link:{u-rel144-installation}[Installation Instructions] +* link:{u-rel144-errata}[Errata] +* link:{u-rel144-signatures}[Signed Checksums] + +|=== + [[download-rel143]] === FreeBSD {rel143-current}-RELEASE diff --git a/website/data/en/news/news.toml b/website/data/en/news/news.toml index f52ed4af49..95a7d9b1fe 100644 --- a/website/data/en/news/news.toml +++ b/website/data/en/news/news.toml @@ -1,5 +1,10 @@ # Sort news by year, month and day +[[news]] +date = "2026-03-10" +title = "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE Available" +description = "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE is now available. Please be sure to check the Release Notes and Release Errata before installation for any late-breaking news and/or issues with 14.4. More information about FreeBSD releases can be found on the Release Information page." + [[news]] date = "2026-02-28" title = "FreeBSD 14.4-RC1 Available" diff --git a/website/static/security/advisory-template.txt b/website/static/security/advisory-template.txt index 6a6b3df777..3245e458b7 100644 --- a/website/static/security/advisory-template.txt +++ b/website/static/security/advisory-template.txt @@ -6,17 +6,18 @@ Topic: XX Category: Module: -Announced: 2025-XX-XX +Announced: 2026-XX-XX Credits: XX Affects: -Corrected: 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/15, 15.0-STABLE) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/15.0, 15.0-RELEASE-pXX) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/14, 14.4-STABLE) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/14.3, 14.3-RELEASE-pXX) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/13, 13.5-STABLE) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/13.5, 13.5-RELEASE-pXX) +Corrected: 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/15, 15.0-STABLE) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/15.0, 15.0-RELEASE-pXX) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/14, 14.4-STABLE) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/14.4, 14.4-RELEASE-pXX) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/14.3, 14.3-RELEASE-pXX) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/13, 13.5-STABLE) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/13.5, 13.5-RELEASE-pXX) CVE Name: CVE-XXXX-XXXX For general information regarding FreeBSD Security Advisories, @@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ Branch/path Hash Revision stable/15/ XXXXXXXXXXXX stable/15-nXXXXXX releng/15.0/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/15.0-nXXXXXX stable/14/ XXXXXXXXXXXX stable/14-nXXXXXX +releng/14.4/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/14.4-nXXXXXX releng/14.3/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/14.3-nXXXXXX stable/13/ XXXXXXXXXXXX stable/13-nXXXXXX releng/13.5/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/13.5-nXXXXXX diff --git a/website/static/security/errata-template.txt b/website/static/security/errata-template.txt index 98362f83f6..d332456296 100644 --- a/website/static/security/errata-template.txt +++ b/website/static/security/errata-template.txt @@ -6,17 +6,18 @@ Topic: XX Category: Module: -Announced: 2025-XX-XX +Announced: 2026-XX-XX Credits: XX Affects: -Corrected: 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/15, 15.0-STABLE) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/15.0, 15.0-RELEASE-pXX) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/14, 14.4-STABLE) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/14.3, 14.3-RELEASE-pXX) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/13, 13.5-STABLE) - 2025-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/13.5, 13.5-RELEASE-pXX) +Corrected: 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/15, 15.0-STABLE) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/15.0, 15.0-RELEASE-pXX) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/14, 14.4-STABLE) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/14.4, 14.4-RELEASE-pXX) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/14.3, 14.3-RELEASE-pXX) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (stable/13, 13.5-STABLE) + 2026-XX-XX XX:XX:XX UTC (releng/13.5, 13.5-RELEASE-pXX) For general information regarding FreeBSD Errata Notices and Security Advisories, including descriptions of the fields above, security @@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ Branch/path Hash Revision stable/15/ XXXXXXXXXXXX stable/15-nXXXXXX releng/15.0/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/15.0-nXXXXXX stable/14/ XXXXXXXXXXXX stable/14-nXXXXXX +releng/14.4/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/14.4-nXXXXXX releng/14.3/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/14.3-nXXXXXX stable/13/ XXXXXXXXXXXX stable/13-nXXXXXX releng/13.5/ XXXXXXXXXXXX releng/13.5-nXXXXXX diff --git a/website/themes/beastie/layouts/_partials/sidenav.html b/website/themes/beastie/layouts/_partials/sidenav.html index f0ec2cac6a..7637a74d1a 100644 --- a/website/themes/beastie/layouts/_partials/sidenav.html +++ b/website/themes/beastie/layouts/_partials/sidenav.html @@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ {{ i18n "releases" }} diff --git a/website/themes/beastie/layouts/index.html b/website/themes/beastie/layouts/index.html index 380c326514..959de0c002 100755 --- a/website/themes/beastie/layouts/index.html +++ b/website/themes/beastie/layouts/index.html @@ -65,6 +65,10 @@ {{ i18n "production" }}: {{ index $.Site.Data.releases "rel150-current" }} +
  • + {{ i18n "production" }}: + {{ index $.Site.Data.releases "rel144-current" }} +
  • {{ i18n "production" }}: {{ index $.Site.Data.releases "rel143-current" }} From nobody Tue Mar 10 00:01:14 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVDYl3HVhz6V9Hq for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:15 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fVDYk58xyz3mj7 for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:14 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773100874; 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(envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 1a167 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:14 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Colin Percival Subject: git: baf4d6cc9c - main - 14.4: Add release announcement List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: cperciva X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: baf4d6cc9cf6a4496e26c6218f0117562be4769e Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:01:14 +0000 Message-Id: <69af5f4a.1a167.6bcb8d90@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by cperciva: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=baf4d6cc9cf6a4496e26c6218f0117562be4769e commit baf4d6cc9cf6a4496e26c6218f0117562be4769e Author: Colin Percival AuthorDate: 2026-03-10 00:00:00 +0000 Commit: Colin Percival CommitDate: 2026-03-10 00:00:00 +0000 14.4: Add release announcement Approved by: re (implicit) Sponsored by: OpenSats Initiative --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc | 764 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.asc | 726 ++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 1490 insertions(+) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8abda63c8a --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc @@ -0,0 +1,764 @@ +--- +title: "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE Announcement" +sidenav: download +--- + +:thisBranch: 14 +:thisRelease: 14.4 +:nextRelease: 14.5 +:lastRelease: 14.3 +:thisBranchEOL: November 30, 2028 +:thisEOL: December 31, 2026 +:lastEOL: June 30, 2026 +:which: fifth + +include::shared/releases.adoc[] +:thisDate: {rel144-current-date} + += FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE Announcement + +Date: {thisDate} + +The FreeBSD Release Engineering Team is pleased to announce the availability of FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE. +This is the {which} release of the stable/{thisBranch} branch. + +Some of the highlights: + +* OpenSSH has been upgraded to version 10.0p2 and now uses the hybrid post-quantum algorithm mlkem768x25519-sha256 by default. + +* OpenZFS has been upgraded to version 2.2.9. + +* Significantly improved cloud-init compatibility in nuageinit. + +* Bhyve virtual machines can now share a filesystem with the host via the new p9fs(4). + +* Significant improvements in manual page tooling and content. + +For a complete list of new features, supported hardware, and known problems, please see the online release notes, hardware compatibility notes, and errata list, available at: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/relnotes/` +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/hardware/` +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/errata/` + +For more information about FreeBSD release engineering activities, please see: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/releng/` + +== Dedication + +The FreeBSD Project dedicates the FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE to the memory of Ken Smith, who passed away at the end of last year. +Ken served as the FreeBSD Release Engineering lead for 7 years, for releases between FreeBSD 6 and FreeBSD 10. + +== Availability + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE is now available for the amd64, i386, aarch64, armv7, powerpc, powerpc64, and riscv64 architectures. + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE can be installed from bootable ISO images or over the network. +Some architectures also support installing from a USB memory stick. +The required files can be downloaded as described below. + +SHA512 and SHA256 hashes for the release ISO, memory stick, and SD card images are included at the bottom of this message. + +PGP-signed checksums for the release images are also available at: + +* https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/signatures/ + +A PGP-signed version of this announcement is available at: + +* https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/announce.asc + +The purpose of the images provided as part of the release are as follows: + +dvd1:: +This contains everything necessary to install the base FreeBSD operating system, the documentation, debugging distribution sets, and a small set of pre-built packages aimed at getting a graphical workstation up and running. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. +This should be all you need if you can burn and use DVD-sized media. ++ +Additionally, this can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) for the amd64 architecture and used to do an install on machines capable of booting off USB drives. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. ++ +As one example of how to use the dvd1 image, assuming the USB drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this should work: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. +disc1:: +This contains the base FreeBSD operating system. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. +There are no pre-built packages. ++ +Additionally, this can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) for the amd64 architecture and used to do an install on machines capable of booting off USB drives. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. +There are no pre-built packages. ++ +As one example of how to use the disc1 image, assuming the USB drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this should work: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. +bootonly:: +This supports booting a machine using the CDROM drive but does not contain the installation distribution sets for installing FreeBSD from the CD itself. +You would need to perform a network based install (e.g., from an HTTP or FTP server) after booting from the CD. ++ +Additionally, this can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) for the amd64 architecture and used to do an install on machines capable of booting off USB drives. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. +There are no pre-built packages. ++ +As one example of how to use the bootonly image, assuming the USB drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this should work: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. +memstick:: +This can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) and used to do an install on machines capable of booting off USB drives. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. +There are no pre-built packages. ++ +As one example of how to use the memstick image, assuming the USB drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this should work: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. +mini-memstick:: +This can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) and used to boot a machine, but does not contain the installation distribution sets on the medium itself, similar to the bootonly image. +It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. +There are no pre-built packages. ++ +As one example of how to use the mini-memstick image, assuming the USB drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this should work: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. +FreeBSD/arm SD card images:: +These can be written to an SD card and used to boot the supported arm system. +The SD card image contains the full FreeBSD installation, and can be installed onto SD cards as small as 5 GB. ++ +For convenience for those without console access to the system, a `freebsd` user with a password of `freebsd` is available by default for `ssh(1)` access. +Additionally, the `root` user password is set to `root`; it is strongly recommended to change the password for both users after gaining access to the system. ++ +To write the FreeBSD/arm image to an SD card, use the `dd(1)` utility, replacing _KERNEL_ with the appropriate kernel configuration name for the system. ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + +Pre-installed virtual machine images are also available for the amd64 (x86_64), i386 (x86_32), AArch64 (arm64), and RISCV (riscv64) architectures in `QCOW2`, `VHD`, and `VMDK` disk image formats, as well as raw (unformatted) images. + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE is also available on these cloud hosting platforms: + +* FreeBSD Amazon(R) EC2(TM): + + +FreeBSD/amd64 EC2 AMI IDs can be retrieved from the Systems Manager Parameter Store in each region using the keys: + +.... + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/base/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/base/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/builder/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/builder/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/cloud-init/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/cloud-init/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/small/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/small/zfs/14.4/RELEASE +.... + +AMIs are also available in the AWS Marketplace at: + +.... + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-sxzreyutwngxy (UFS) + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-4csbncujmsgbk (ZFS) +.... + +FreeBSD/aarch64 EC2 AMI IDs can be retrieved from the Systems Manager Parameter Store in each region using the keys: + +.... + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/base/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/base/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/builder/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/builder/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/cloud-init/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/cloud-init/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/small/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/small/zfs/14.4/RELEASE +.... + +AMIs are also available in the AWS Marketplace at: + +.... + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-axdyrrhr6pboq (UFS) + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-7xtubzy4v4oo4 (ZFS) +.... + +* Google(R) Compute Engine(TM): + +Instances can be deployed using the `gcloud` utility: + +.... + % gcloud compute instances create INSTANCE \ + --image freebsd-14-4-release-amd64-ufs \ + --image-project=freebsd-org-cloud-dev + % gcloud compute ssh INSTANCE +.... + +Replace _INSTANCE_ with the name of the Google Compute Engine instance. +FreeBSD images are also available in the Google Compute Engine(TM) Marketplace at: + +https://console.cloud.google.com/marketplace/browse?filter=category:os&filter=price:free&q=freebsd + +* Microsoft(R) Azure(TM): + +FreeBSD virtual machine images are expected to be available soon on the Azure Marketplace at: + +https://azuremarketplace.microsoft.com/marketplace/apps/thefreebsdfoundation.freebsd-14_4 + +== Download + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE may be downloaded via https from the following site: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/ISO-IMAGES/{thisRelease}/` + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE virtual machine images may be downloaded from: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/VM-IMAGES/{thisRelease}-RELEASE/` + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE BASIC-CI images may be downloaded from: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/CI-IMAGES/{thisRelease}-RELEASE/` + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE OCI container images may be downloaded from: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/OCI-IMAGES/{thisRelease}-RELEASE/` + +and are also available in the Docker and GitHub container repositories. + +For instructions on installing FreeBSD or updating an existing machine to {thisRelease}-RELEASE please see: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/installation/` + +== Support + +This point release, FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE, will be supported until {thisEOL}. +The previous point release, FreeBSD {lastRelease}-RELEASE, will reach its End of Life at {lastEOL}. +The FreeBSD {thisBranch} release series will be supported until {thisBranchEOL}. +Additional support information can be found at: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/platforms/` +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/` + +== Acknowledgments + +Many companies donated equipment, network access, or human time to support the release engineering activities for FreeBSD {thisRelease} including: + +[cols="",] +|=== +|https://www.freebsdfoundation.org[The FreeBSD Foundation] +|https://www.juniper.net[Juniper Networks] +|https://www.nyi.net[New York Internet] +|https://opensats.org[Open Sats Initiative] +|https://www.sentex.ca[Sentex Data Communications] +|https://www.tarsnap.com[Tarsnap] +|https://365datacenters.com/[365 Data Centers] +|=== + +The release engineering team for {thisRelease}-RELEASE includes: + +[cols=",",] +|=== +|Antoine Brodin |Package Building +|Dave Cottlehuber |Release Engineering +|Sergio Carlavilla Delgado |Release Engineering +|Marc Fonvieille |Release Engineering, Documentation +|Jake Freeland |Release Engineering +|Craig Leres |Release Engineering +|Xin Li |Release Engineering, Security Team Liaison +|Ed Maste |Release Engineering Deputy Lead +|Colin Percival |Release Engineering Lead, {thisRelease}-RELEASE Release Engineer +|Vladlen Popolitov |Release Engineering +|Muhammad Moinur Rahman |Release Engineering +|Lexi Winter |Release Engineering +|Alexander Ziaee |Release Engineering +|=== + +== Trademark + +FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation. + +== ISO Image Checksums + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE is now available for the amd64, i386, aarch64, armv7, powerpc, powerpc64, and riscv64 architectures. + +=== amd64 (x86_64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso) = 331b01eb44f96deb5882d28f2711f3cb455b8a51536df6f5209bae4c4d298fc53136427b5c4d802c84b129fcc43706eb4b11a318bd2aa4cc2ea8146c0e4d6f4a + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 1c5b680a9f3071e180c10b07b39676c84ecfcc882a41d104da16cef84dbdd2c7b08db7398d867d1775f0b054ba9772d625e4eb55fdd94b6b453581bc80ca14e1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso) = 0f7ffc75be1b9393b255ea7ee08dd071029d8d76626c16bf730441b683c4d58b44b3b407bff9d3a6daf1dc6ac636ae0c74c65f8e0d96f5bd6ea36f269d0420d0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso.xz) = 6edecf54b98dfcb4f1b78ccafb098747677b83af991cf43c06d376ebabc10693a8f5917a24539307ded7f8d280d1eec73e1f706ad58915ea97f7560631b1cf86 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso) = d300ed938b4d6acf86575a8784470134f1ea452d96650867df99777e70c0979c409074d00650afbce115745081973858bde93511751ae8e5e4bc05e40f576041 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.xz) = 3da01948242431ea68dec8deea8b2db3b8e39e506a14511c93c45369b5c0598b0be9a73d6e8adf6472b76087468f2f039fb6cd1db5dc1732113986434a8514b2 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img) = ef6ef9e4e0f2ff3b22dc680f69e5effc7af62d3277070f15616399d3b7e7009d8fa6827d69555fee6a5069934990338107e5bce1af0ad92bbda785cd379a0103 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz) = 334c22f927824e90d78516773f9fe86cb622ae225ff26c3e3efe1c17ddf1b0be72f313356d429c4c68e788672ffca26d4bffb5d7ff39649fe138e983c36194f2 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img) = 0ebfaa74ccede793f44e7412eb1be48f96247583c149930b008bb7f291bfbeed4d59af0ec22a3c08c2af00abb04fc29994e8e171907a7343761dfa72f596139b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 73708a2e57f8eeab1f75391af8ebfcafcf7e232b8f1221fbcda46d3b81d92a5137861b75deb55c1dc0741a6e6f35e401927cffc4a851246e88914ac371b00754 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso) = 5a262316dd17badd83dba6355a259341479a5133cb29d54b2585cf20d46292c7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 875d0782fcd0217f9ea03479a2a0d9315133607d090ac317645fe356ba6b770f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso) = ade3d84e77fc601d1207ced8d6dd8952c3fb7685afa3cf6b6b44d76ed94b2d8e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso.xz) = 079ae59e75a2e802505c140d2102cf96dd54fd9696ce6806d9016f1b4172b85b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso) = 953814f2a4dcfc32958902f3b1f30cf34b5ab872f405668793491481abfd177e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.xz) = a83f06417903df52ef6d8528e899ae804b9df3e5542fc2be99c917e9490bd73a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img) = 7145c25734b68457958f179592e8dbeea411658f7890a7fdcb100d855c4e9db5 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz) = a05e62986a82db7ee4e1bc5b4d725c1060c939bc8e1fc2b9773e37b2bf857d8f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img) = 85f2120c9f58aa5f1e8e715731cbfd0083bfaf22ff97d88c69af15ff91ca78f1 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = d24e42c405d09e5522a171ac407773f659716c14881f697d61987e4610232914 + +.... + +=== i386 (x86): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso) = 0fdd53abcf9d71538d87fc0babbe479e3cb737a1fc2b2376ad0fdeef5637e2eb8bdd609505d9e76627698f667bf65d37a57218323dc9bf06715aa95b69134d3f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso.xz) = 9f8857012abd14941e564ac3700365c74c82a0e6bf17cd40f3edc85502a368740013c168daa4c64af2e8e5e86a5ba3fa723347b4a3a88f08a570d6a7663782ee + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso) = 0638b5f957efd7591a62ce9be9ee37ebc2cd8fc8df6d76071ebcb23d26f45a71d35becec7dfd4bdd76cc1f3653e7f304489f3292b40a71f8ada7adadab0fd094 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso.xz) = 9dd6cd40d94accbdf5c84d480d8db81a27b01d8ff536d052c37bb66f129029dd3baa483c0e0d9c1bb6c1321838bdabfe162fe59ec52467ff3a36d995ca49f9dc + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso) = fe929f46efbf3891df1bde494236b83eb5f1ac985787ff947ce42572206ef971e52ed4c956d60a43954fb6cd5b450155c75f48393dc32a2f8c797c2d78972693 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.xz) = f36eb2a3d0f8f9d0174bcf626a92332d6cead494e8908800d8f096ea08fe49b59dc636cd88eb8710bb50c2fe543c85fc34de93a2bf9328239858ead0c79b83f3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img) = 20ba6a3f1444839144d095092850e632da14d51b31df459705b8956579a332cb35368c398b55782011d47cd88789d72e15625377a2381f569f229723ba21daf1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img.xz) = f1cbfe37c64aa27fa28d92ff8dfaa9550f3407b7f37f0f77270c7f8d3ec8151a84ad05d5ad380275d9e8d9f16ecdf80bc9902252305c3747a422e16d14ae4b4e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img) = 57850f58ef9e24848c792b02e95c73ca690c2032310cdd0194f77bd3ee64e7338817169e8fce6f8bd1b366a600b3783e522d8a0b7b0a503d5a26045f998c90be + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img.xz) = aa36498154e08eb8463155f5503fa4f5a2b0692f10729028966aa997878f692db93c687a7a6a13608bd97a3e3893d2a06d53679b58e39af4a3f6eaed1a60189a + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso) = cba5cb7110072ae30c2d304ac941916ea9e9bc5e8a655ba8433d7f4ff30fe679 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso.xz) = 151974415121ef6d838d3800c898939998f807e37473e4bac16c5b32b9ccaf20 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso) = 7560fca3b0538d146b46a5802f981716168a1b052e0fa361b6e6cfedd6d0b50a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso.xz) = fd51d011b8c2769e79f68e15f8c5d2a76bd2a4b5bbd6acb4e30521534df0d55c + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso) = 998fd04eff63fa13576373dc7739f833f9965fccafc69f7b4f939d22ebcb11cb + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.xz) = af8afe0ebbae282ebb901cadcbd625fb2c34ff5a78a1a13bfc020b4b70aebf6f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img) = e7f8e136e429d36986798d0beddbdb0c1c19a549140e7b67a166aededcd4e001 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img.xz) = 644e7f5573bb444e9dfa9f996e9be0b2e099955071be827e11a83c0fe86d3b69 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img) = 1c6f799bf80cf111444026850b34e7757da2faeac4f3a64cd514f936a375db10 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 46d544fd223ace30d50745602b6ce5a24d01e4081ebd26f9aed3470f5c18183b + +.... + +=== aarch64 GENERIC: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso) = 633635c0a621a2f37ce786a724cdadefc161ea6d03e0bc6a306be2df09e4d511a162e67ee8a666a9a6cbef16b892a2da3eb97ee8f3db1047837969b7975d1f69 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso.xz) = fb922047b761355736ec81603fc3099074d1f87bc3e4ad7dc8ccc99206ad628e09bca5e98818208e31d7e3fdaaca54d0068cd4b5eae97d44a56325a070190e14 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso) = f958235831ada4f385449f52c1bdf9e45fd20ae913d274ba42b30d7f4b2c6da243591788cbcca8cad09e883ef2cec809a12cfd8ba5cd5933ffcf25c82bde05c8 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso.xz) = e0389cfea3f57b616ebd2db35e71ce858b13c70b600105c8ea8145c4cbddf701dbdee66921e76d8dc98d83991709ae796be512359bc32bc172c352504385cf7c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso) = ca0467d95831746bb40fa6a286c2c7c9623b838750b10583ca82d4435880847257c538cc58e5db6105ab8dfc86f2302f9c5d2a8fab32acd617c01b9edf3f77d1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso.xz) = d153b19f83c88b831323118fc1d6bf8540b6a8026033cef5a7a03945f57517e82b26e76974514d47fe36eb5b754efb9913f5678ef576fb9cdff12ca87b0ced3c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img) = d49e90edba543bd6fc21155965a0f58cf6c8497b417e8c83f166d6601ff0ec3a7f5f91521d6bb47b83b01f2e978c8fca3984d1d405de9472fdf61778b8cb43a4 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img.xz) = 422415d9796184cfb3952b56a5d94f29ae5a9e0ae6155fd063279e1d5bea68a912f149ec10511bd321fb00a2d7d226809dd3707c5789e62b3d5a3aa09319a59e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img) = 9db31400350003f39f149401aaefa7a2a6583fd91a1335adfd53daca458a3cf13509a5dd1212af48f747fa6b38f7c6265685ccc9de024f8267b87fb8c2c9c5e5 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = b2ea014cb467479276956b6cd1a8d4a57fcd3e503cd07df3ee3b831ab34186f85e6b40f80f4c8967f344c6152beb5e79ae0a782c8c8b535ea1610db0e6fa9350 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso) = bc7b3e5bef594e02c31a3250230f413014b45c20ff57c12355cd24021e870e12 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso.xz) = e118cf690906775c24d521199e1d2faf637bb2df0e9b91827ac066e3d9da5ae8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso) = 32a63ed91ace4967441baab0bbfb3ac33c13c02018a2f4eeb3a741d373681d7c + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso.xz) = 9a1af926179ecf5ace67f9628101d26e2df01899ff6f7923534373b9331b4a24 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso) = 902a685c9f39e631962bf215c5f91a9e55bf0804d1e32bbea7241252ed81937a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso.xz) = 5be4a8cccc8bbe406072ee55336ebc5b333ecf283a64888ce6c06e721cd59d7a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img) = c07eeb717fbd1d50722c5c6507d93f9d46e36dc408e76aa79793336bb226541d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img.xz) = 90cbfec68f4998c9441345502a8cda24a64d0b675ce1f3fbb4b5bd47fdb64455 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img) = 905564f3a814e354023044eca5f44045d477b8304234a69896afecae4e7f188d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = bd3e8f8d9781429cd29329ae1b591da23dd4ddcda99e9c72b18883580bba5cca + +.... + +=== aarch64 RPI (3/4): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img.xz) = c43fc8966cddebd5c5f0609b3154c53768fd5caf11621fae5b0a69c68b1cc22c1f6ff71ba87f32f2aa1fa4080d297c1f5880fbb6ead8d1b180fbb87f0fdcbec7 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img.xz) = d20a775612362fa94d67585e901af79cabcb2e898d572f3c99fffb44da39186b + +.... + +=== aarch64 PINE64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.img.xz) = bf531b0f5f47c717429eced613dcb386b92b3413d58f2e093233ba22dea5481c2cfbe58f82ea372ba1ec4636f2db78ceb1dc7b693f03409c94772e0456c080f3 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.img.xz) = 3a58b21a2f5aef3cad37a4d7562897e78a5a4f6db5426a1a3edbdebb9b26e08a + +.... + +=== aarch64 PINE64-LTS: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.img.xz) = 47f26400c6a83c70f8cee11ca9cb66e1ff0e2d563af7d56da8004c3e718ee2e8036ffc059fb0993103e882f8cdcdcd2e1201d4a85826c26e398a1b134a01dc04 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.img.xz) = dc90d45c11bdfd9778a74631510f8c6b120765c52c5defb9fb32f3a772faf0e0 + +.... + +=== aarch64 PINEBOOK: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.img.xz) = 5fa592a9459fef192de5c6221ce9ab5b6f1dc78e142db0ff3c6c24768fa13f2b89581270f3c99e44badf8d396a1c79a5539a20dfabb78206ff6305b8f7b9084c + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.img.xz) = c326c8db6aaa3d9d5acce65a4d873af9877327623d2bc09f00f40bff90f58fd2 + +.... + +=== aarch64 ROCK64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.img.xz) = 847019b4d18d0780a47292ca6cbec5d65403a79618e7389fda2961a462bd036cbcf6103c4e304e4f5510b7bb93d7c868a07a466554145cbd87d5f9e91d3725a2 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.img.xz) = 6821095f6be3d39e44d86068f58544a4aa78d8742a4b06f0cbf9933f9c0ed22f + +.... + +=== aarch64 ROCKPRO64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.img.xz) = 4489ab34bf31c44af52df63b14b7df424fcdedadfd5deb4032486c9e16a88c54f70818b1eb6b9fa533f3148189ad858c7a57e41956aea215561d6e568d31694f + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.img.xz) = a36ac4a867e7e956fef693dfb23863280e0feacb14a6138ea7bd889dd19254e2 + +.... + +=== armv7 GENERICSD: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 227f86df539347e890b8c33f91f18f65e8a5fb29ce37f606396315334bc8ebd59eb3953bf86a3d11c97fb2141454656692e5f18181c9ffa58c7f252c6faf9d59 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 61f04f066487b3a0f6e1fddd2ac50180b71f1496d4f550a6791cb61051bb404a + +.... + +=== powerpc: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso) = 60a337fd8716177910c93e78dbd93121d30a9160bca75d8487a84a543f29e7de739e49cd6c03b85a3e59a6ef249b47de2cac2cdbd9831f98ea5e31e596967e40 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso.xz) = b35767dd45facf9d3b8dbbfd9f96664b01ea61df9908757a9e2b129bb3e2ed03a4e0ebec877e4d63aec1d139b08f4ae622045b99cc83b5c9915c2f60ef951b4a + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso) = 94cc0ea0d2f8074b3fcdf55270176a9b4e1c2ee7bb719d96d2f6a260c6e732fc973cce5f37f1c4d20a1e45eec7cd8849062a0984bd82515561cb5b5d197faa6d + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso.xz) = c621bfb8261b856d938c0ba9975179f49e9adc3e6a57cc816b276d2d0f88d90de70217286b795a3219a84d94c259ed3d9f5e7d1f1597c24494e4c111b26c5626 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso) = c22efbfb4886501f6167bdfd5563a83ee05344ac21df81ec758d12d443a015b3 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso.xz) = ab2f80890e571242b911154b2ceefe776e5b9c03d71b39a3098c19d996552110 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso) = edb3e7843bee9c1d798925faa77456c396371712cb97e18b0ed44997108369b9 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso.xz) = 1d358dad0643dfb7ca2e63910cbec0deb8ae43106a8a74d4a80d91093430d39a + +.... + +=== powerpcspe: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso) = c1868a60dd2a2a407e8f0ff4eb8f68d38193bd2795488db065c7dce618033a44b3e8dff105a61b0dd222b8538e282f6807bf03e7f868107d96a8979e96997d90 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso.xz) = 97235f4012649594c8d3ddb7e9fe0711f2b31cba22cfe3c6f4e3cce8f0ee41dfb07be46fdbf0a7a696217c7a839402bff3e6e7b9548646ba17178a4de0fe6967 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso) = 773e63d316a294c0fc25c17239c1b25087cce8cca5e17ebabd3306a8dbce2aa3d33c1dcdf0afb35ad34c156f63f277670d06cb47796425dd49340cb8b919a473 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso.xz) = 6c6e63d1304d65d92a6942118bd5a8fdcf9b2912fd3e6a0bbb4dd0222d112287fd8513e43e1ac7290dfda35086d1fa8bfdf33601c83d01e2ef24b0ee197b6870 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso) = 90a6079277e8ceb75e89b2391d1dacd40f6371b8eb96427f5f9e6be3606c35db + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso.xz) = e17a54b85a14f2ca718570945f93e789555fe477f5479b9d3bbef75d2f9291de + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso) = cea05f5f3be0f0bbe72d62a8df4102592804475efdf5ab744a54a1e0e87dd5fc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso.xz) = b84ddde2050448cb92dab4bfd6535ddaf9513a9a62741e3ff01f3dc25dbff5e6 + +.... + +=== powerpc64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso) = 7322cb0dfb0050a35771bcf1650198bbe62d4c4c0d4f35141654c7dfca1646d71f8ce0639b2ba7617970b635d4352729c37b63432a8785c35c668df7a8a8ec0a + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 54435a85559b5ac23c90d0f879b0d3838bb29c7b295411eb64fc0c773c08a2f523c8085eebac506a9de891264a22666bd3e036c4e181c57bbcfc40bf20b8ab37 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso) = 2a426d03cd3cd70395cd1a9d1e0321b6323da1994599320fe5c7f2d852c7e0a5fcb04aed2780045fd2abdb943ae963fd85379f2bd9646dc8392ea31ca9b9d0fe + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz) = fe1245a15ca65c7411457fa2a55bd4cb101bd2c8c1777b363788d36f988cf8db8ea519321462b74ba99420fa0f7e4808b137ff46f926c0d13a364523137b6981 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso) = 0c6ae30de86724b5550c88b32e314842468eb333a4bb9f97de73a5f3394a935b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 0b1a8de4e05e98e164b58c146055b5dc4d8d6794bcabaf950c0f3dae7bb41291 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso) = 743d2be4d18c942f30ed77edd614cb11c0dedf44e7ef88bfc5193709135154a8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz) = 03dc340ba36dabe2e6d4413fcde77f98ce2ff49e569083decc470f9b627225ee + +.... + +=== powerpc64le: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso) = 549179b9702e06ace9c68e1b26feb578c915246414634832d4da0fb59f0679e907883f62dc3a0940624c06efe164cc07659fbe09155beb9f059bc70dd5a02a0e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso.xz) = afd53c189ff5bb607f68fe98e00f641eec5b87513da8c8f550479b1e104a7b029f1341f59121919bd6134d9e98a96d33c2c78ffe8604707223747c6d0238aac3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso) = 99ca6362e5cf0854d7ddc94d82e387eae870b01e4a71a7734bcb43c36965b2133d6d969caec4fd6c9802f44790220f73cd50c83690e591a8d00e37cca6623b90 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz) = 2b0c187b9e397af02074026d7a28964e073a6b80a0d2ce7dd4dd738b0710be723b641ae63a16d6005a1f1334a15e6b8b77d1bac9625ddfd0480cb7e63beb94a3 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso) = 846b7603b5291405533a35dcd0c9ad283bb38d280e879a38225053f62fd0279b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso.xz) = 03dc8038323c605a15d92cc30d497623a2dea704ee1978760677ce86fbcd059e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso) = bed02547ffd90aee5b8c2282814acd7d8ef18e443fd3363d6cdc02b42f7a9f37 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz) = f18a6affc2c6c28af4d29482a64bf38e9f4b4a150eae7297bae8ab3c5fc076b4 + +.... + +=== riscv64 GENERIC + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso) = 0adfc3bd5ba75e6fcde1f7c5bef0d6345c7518d38548f625156186cdbaab542bc4f253bd529cfcf0c7fc1c6a4ba31752bbd316c55e9304e2251e3e243361dbcb + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso.xz) = d4ed17bdd120f82e730eaf243c7897e27048c2eff5e69887c753e484ceefdf4fbc80b74973038ec4a592747061d9eeaf8af1ff5baffcad19a1bc67b65a6a45ea + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso) = c32217b40cc4bcc9b31c67e0ce6c8ebe04cb51b63fdedbe84d649d602eeb56c875fa213ff06f9533775d5d85eceaea0cbd387e6d8eaeb51311c3e5de47730b98 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso.xz) = 1901335766a9b4fa13de66df688256fe55bbf8ca21218a0fc62fdbd10e187e59730e5102ec2b5d9d463647496a005edb0f00eac6f9542e7afbcf09e016594db4 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img) = 12eb634a626c5a6fc1c4ab1a633d230c595523df6712e16cd81e0c926824606b6a12af277ce6666d600e7ae405f7513af300592910e1c5c95a23e250b9d4ecbd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img.xz) = 5a449666867864d821b34fcfd670f5b01b05c35e00f227f87fe096a510440b9d657bb1dcb9eab17024ffa2af26ee488d42e11884525aaed1c3895dfb14149cea + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img) = 995a15dc1b2a3929504e80323fc64fef6715adff7372acda36a36f4e2cf8b8d224ed0710e1035d38cb9696354e37a4d0b9c34fe0d78fe85444aa74cd72e0b50c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 0b3edac3334f82a0ddb1261cb3798ee3cf307a40d30b01d84eb78b9d793fbc46998e12b9727d61f45e5a45a37702897455ef82c368fda5f7e943fe16a4434246 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso) = 4979a79e1543a13f58e4ffca8f6864c1c67621a55eba154a185ea76ffd3a0234 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 7c904d266f963b3c2b1063c5fb46bc3d25ef08dd3ba912ee32597b1e38486f1a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso) = 16e24fdaea94ced9fdc8f8495065f03669ee5c7854ac7e6f7b12c2ddf9dd48e6 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso.xz) = f0fa60ad8e1475ece0400728c86de3d95df515b320e99577f58a4ddeacf2d07b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img) = 8567c36dd7e9aa4fb4cfc47db5d4c541e1762fe43810f269b909325448028ffc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img.xz) = 92961528f3f5613c872ddac6d83080cfb934767c89d71b24cbe612bb14aafdc7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img) = f6bf42a17ef387bfb3a51abada6a4aa81aea790027fce9e59c97e51d20c09e6e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = ebda69b2bb624a84b0d2588d9274bce0f7b4507b762a524e055ca9d48698cae5 + +.... + +=== riscv64 GENERICSD: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 323cc578ae88da0c0f94480f5dcfb4c3d3f0edb71dc4aaf0e8eb4df6caed8b947a18325b9dc2ce3d97a5b2a4a391b36d02f884633c0549d77229388aca92e602 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 27da02df7dcc2c079d671c8353475021e37ee66a92c6a11885bd1b242841e22c + +.... + +== Virtual Machine Disk Image Checksums + +=== amd64 (x86_64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 8f1c7ef058259f0bb3d087ae31238021915832b6eb7a7d9bd438ad2c1aca42258c4b09e196bcc1487f0bab55663de28b9c26cc1eb2faa69b06dc7f1aca882af8 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = b3dfed55092a4dfdd682e97bbcebc610c74aebe5931d765ea89894424497cee9fbc69ce040ba298b8ef034867c0ba2393f48767d20e29e2db954ba76d661c3bc + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 86b22a7a5e8cfe4f7ddf7555963852c749cd7e951b5d2e08e3e66cd54a6bdda7b950514a811f452304ae7caf921f41dd1fe5121c8792cd4092fe644d9f5838cb + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = c4560c4849c7e6bfd878f795162c6228ad91436e30309c56cf1eba50546eff2f8aeb3c143d02068330fa02b573784ec4f402fd50eebe46ac4315dd8db5e832af + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 26b60ae8391a6b95ffb92cb9b53e51ee775d01f050721a9a3100f74da50d2e5a7c9ef355688a87314a8abf58f62305bd0cd89e5b90741f8851c67292ba8d9dc3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.raw.xz) = 9fe2aa5b1988384f5f6306e59b70268defa8ae188e8068b8697b67db2484f19c30639072b54f79a9767f78a02fcee3ab91f8a4fbfae561f14908305174727c8b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 7df3d98195218414d4c5ac6cfd8b843946e19d8c89bb512a572215f02753852bbb7c23191d17a0a394498aba55e603413de10209c81ad345139c12e96a388106 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = c8deb0efd8610431173db3483b35607c4453f20a5a5ccc8097eeb9947f56ae37837daaa5de8d5aa3faa2dde9b995b0d72e7b07418742c9624f7a3c94f17356e0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 35abd27b62e92354cd9aafc7030412f56ba230d330ec5e8cdce87a64e6b1b7a2bcfe5634150e3c95ee0a842e70982cbce62fc77453426dbef1dae32e18c84227 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.raw.xz) = b681de8893d489285a31963e3db13de371deca67dab8a21c4d9c88b504c7a6632eb03fd6598213d9826a42a9b8eca7358a9c2a9bf9a74300260fab96a5b795a1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vhd.xz) = f883d79d92ad0115751c94ce9220e3cd396e037e7edba229bebee34f3e184346c3c34d8cbc4409f5b0924dd0a4fe01bfac6b0d5d37ea492a91c44acf79f06247 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 34a28743164bfc587115bcdbc73aedf70133246140d5cc119957121bef3e10f1b89a172744f45ef2767b4dc5190cd7a62fc9c08f945b6edd95f5789402331347 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2.xz) = 26b60ae8391a6b95ffb92cb9b53e51ee775d01f050721a9a3100f74da50d2e5a7c9ef355688a87314a8abf58f62305bd0cd89e5b90741f8851c67292ba8d9dc3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.raw.xz) = 9fe2aa5b1988384f5f6306e59b70268defa8ae188e8068b8697b67db2484f19c30639072b54f79a9767f78a02fcee3ab91f8a4fbfae561f14908305174727c8b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vhd.xz) = 7df3d98195218414d4c5ac6cfd8b843946e19d8c89bb512a572215f02753852bbb7c23191d17a0a394498aba55e603413de10209c81ad345139c12e96a388106 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vmdk.xz) = c8deb0efd8610431173db3483b35607c4453f20a5a5ccc8097eeb9947f56ae37837daaa5de8d5aa3faa2dde9b995b0d72e7b07418742c9624f7a3c94f17356e0 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = d957fe56fb596280428328e78e9e4feae00dd361701caa79a061f9bd289eff67 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 048a8a7b3f2a283f2b3916b70a1b0154e74a595f77cf71d2a9ac35082c5d9fdd + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = c64b1d2717a4831e939f477fa186d2fa127142381f99c6ec6e338df922807de7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = fa8bfb305cf4efe784c157d3fc6164a1ac36f347b1d3122fc98cca85caada59f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 56e2893161b1f207c5022c6b41a9512adba41815d4518b1c935b0fc5febbb8c0 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.raw.xz) = 370f105391b6fddcd3824441e41f3fc7c46739bd380ed344264dfd89fc328099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 7a66dc7e697ff8a3d72bd02df20742f0f05c72002a44cbf91b789bd641ef0ec2 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = df70e7667e6cbb718cdab793c364f14453b0fd2bb98cdb78aa430c920b6d252a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 4d7741d5273e65dd90ab304c7ea62d800b71b1970d669ce761badd08747abb1b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.raw.xz) = 1223f7899ef6ae95bc51ba30955b131d2094d433829536e0a2c607fc78f254a8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 9bf0aab2766c512fee101beefe5dafcdf19a9834d0faa1eafe7f5f3adfe6c48d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 25ca3e9f2a96fab5b3ae04a2bfc20c0bb6da9fe165a35a822e8b28f7e61f35d1 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2.xz) = 56e2893161b1f207c5022c6b41a9512adba41815d4518b1c935b0fc5febbb8c0 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.raw.xz) = 370f105391b6fddcd3824441e41f3fc7c46739bd380ed344264dfd89fc328099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vhd.xz) = 7a66dc7e697ff8a3d72bd02df20742f0f05c72002a44cbf91b789bd641ef0ec2 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vmdk.xz) = df70e7667e6cbb718cdab793c364f14453b0fd2bb98cdb78aa430c920b6d252a + +.... + +=== i386 (x86): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.qcow2.xz) = c04c949910b1bb0fa69d8e91eea4313f5af3f6a4a153437413010b2d5ed17374b52c23d63dbca58eaa5f78da595cca35c507298735eca024eb8d0e13f6c181cd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.raw.xz) = c169fbafef052881e295e3e5a5a82624db47b59db98bd014901ddc0c32ed1d88c20490f40ac9cc57b3e86c841d88510089bc4409a14a0df5d204349cffb49854 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vhd.xz) = 074d4628829da82b2b8c4462dd092e180de0d2eb9f6c434c78ac350556426f482f879b5db75cfd5a4b4552f834f8cd53977bf14c931bb28434ce5ab40bf32ee6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vmdk.xz) = bfa44ace3c2f7613b86403d7155a26469cd78ecfb56b0793adaf6f265558dc901517a3ed2282b4c5dd382dfb6afe61b7dd0d8155c0b3c96dfa8680bde960bf9c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.qcow2.xz) = f57b868e87fe6cc21e1efbadf18a43ef9c895ccbd23093718d2e1c03aed2f11b5c4b7586c424c123fb120858cebcb040df2c78567e2229c69e0609095f4f430f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.raw.xz) = 7014b30e44a43be22f67ecfd5df77f93915d09a1ba020115255b53197f0e4ed15488337423cda30874641bdb97b07c49a6e8b32787277024e2f2d2d02399c00f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vhd.xz) = d9a05b0a8449f492df5a238e8404d8383e93d92040f09389350a8edffdb5d94c7519ea206910bfa8d5c58daa7d86ff9a37c4ab4446908c38964c96edab672fb5 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 682f246883ce7ac78179186b52fb2b60b1f3653b332cc0b8f1b4e4bef1aa0420ceb728514b5343992b60b49edf10d5632106ab796b73e07f1ed4c8996eaad283 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.qcow2.xz) = c04c949910b1bb0fa69d8e91eea4313f5af3f6a4a153437413010b2d5ed17374b52c23d63dbca58eaa5f78da595cca35c507298735eca024eb8d0e13f6c181cd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.raw.xz) = c169fbafef052881e295e3e5a5a82624db47b59db98bd014901ddc0c32ed1d88c20490f40ac9cc57b3e86c841d88510089bc4409a14a0df5d204349cffb49854 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vhd.xz) = 074d4628829da82b2b8c4462dd092e180de0d2eb9f6c434c78ac350556426f482f879b5db75cfd5a4b4552f834f8cd53977bf14c931bb28434ce5ab40bf32ee6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vmdk.xz) = bfa44ace3c2f7613b86403d7155a26469cd78ecfb56b0793adaf6f265558dc901517a3ed2282b4c5dd382dfb6afe61b7dd0d8155c0b3c96dfa8680bde960bf9c + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.qcow2.xz) = fc58258a8f49689a59b9e3f954e7fbcc0391ba797bfc25aebb7704581ad7e638 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.raw.xz) = 61046f6b912c371c22cff7eb5f3408796863a79095a86358e2eb26eacdfff7b3 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vhd.xz) = c0dba5125cd9c0205359fc81b09cc5e19da6d1c0302d35720221151d4ec28247 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 9e020d0108543390477371db1d37a1c3a86f47265a9a88fbfbe45ea8a631faaf + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 43ecb528b4bf78291e0b0d3baa00af7055cc15dccba10c327288a77e613621cf + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.raw.xz) = bca77ec89ad0f26866b7bc0beab9e6e5e511a5563c0f087b40c4eeb12fccea98 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vhd.xz) = 50e7b5658e2b9e4d829e3c389bfdb1799cfdbb475919f83d7980d96b141d05a4 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vmdk.xz) = d5ca462275fb04b3426e179307603c10c2f602a4f26551c11745e76ae739d45d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.qcow2.xz) = fc58258a8f49689a59b9e3f954e7fbcc0391ba797bfc25aebb7704581ad7e638 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.raw.xz) = 61046f6b912c371c22cff7eb5f3408796863a79095a86358e2eb26eacdfff7b3 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vhd.xz) = c0dba5125cd9c0205359fc81b09cc5e19da6d1c0302d35720221151d4ec28247 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vmdk.xz) = 9e020d0108543390477371db1d37a1c3a86f47265a9a88fbfbe45ea8a631faaf + +.... + +=== aarch64 (arm64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = a0870781153e3725280d7d54586e5cd5705e962ac7a7220567f78e1f639ad7bf9d137aa4d5a6701bc5694093919c4c7e4317b6a72b3b2941e01deb581d5772f6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 4fc40a5b7b89f755cd7ffd90838ccf5100e0786bd40c7e3544a76abdc6827ced49f49313dc626a1d5188acd9a18455e2e21abd4f86028ece8163f05b471968e5 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 0d6915fcdd6c3e8e01671311e9ecd0cdbc70f1ae5a5ad963253b69dca1835e8a5516b96329f17d71ba2d45537ffe864203fa9be4eb71b280a1884d0613c8f234 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = 0cea3643e8132ca38166d9d71abc3fb5ed1781c6424ee3a71aab52ee1c561c81442f664658aed759472d8057c50714b6494a5bc4a49423190e0fbfcbbb297bc0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 05112940563f50744a18c14e90f9a7fc528991f62a5185067f8a224c25fe891a9f5d4b32796217741c2c5b4771a4b64b33dc3b467f01c0b1ed96866315a7b41d + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.raw.xz) = 0fb2c15e6e5cf85ba35ea7d8119f5c74965e65c76970f064413b90f355eb28abe2d26eb998e0ac405ba5347a7dbc6e582b71eb9d6e16340f0f91636c412f4f9e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vhd.xz) = d13ef22127430c0762654d2663f263e8b2d8ce020879da99e8094bf0db4112aa081a920952f64989a780e788579c2d50f9529a4c4c647b79617ab33ac411a5b3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = bb9ed6bc20a212bc592f4d9d9fdca1f4d59d7bf7026f21666abdcf311e24e6d2820a6edab04ab15a28b1557904c20a1edf6315edb77e20c2bfb9424c52fafe7f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 7cb067a4c2029ca57e27cadd25e7871746bd73ff951517ad89c29af2e208ba894106a6d7f69c6a27649e179806d403c3e3df8ec0f4b9a011079dd07db6d56743 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.raw.xz) = 0643edf30ae603c7bc6f83d233aab4cff1e89a1fd0da297e09e2f50d975dc67c1ef6922a9fa7e50c74a35df358499bcfb2d65d0b9d01d7cf42c15eec037a7afd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 708172842fbef1961327f1070476092e988ab7a5df566b5388d967e7da36bb3870a3d402afecf1187724e9e4539d6175b356d64084b3a48e3136d6fd5975f6dd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 63d7730ae961193e0c40e294d86ed5eb32598a708fbbc5b55c2239d42191cdbc3d43ed13658641ae9bbfef1d24beef9c6b1bdbdd6c91e5cc52c14f3ce310563b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.qcow2.xz) = 05112940563f50744a18c14e90f9a7fc528991f62a5185067f8a224c25fe891a9f5d4b32796217741c2c5b4771a4b64b33dc3b467f01c0b1ed96866315a7b41d + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.raw.xz) = 0fb2c15e6e5cf85ba35ea7d8119f5c74965e65c76970f064413b90f355eb28abe2d26eb998e0ac405ba5347a7dbc6e582b71eb9d6e16340f0f91636c412f4f9e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vhd.xz) = d13ef22127430c0762654d2663f263e8b2d8ce020879da99e8094bf0db4112aa081a920952f64989a780e788579c2d50f9529a4c4c647b79617ab33ac411a5b3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vmdk.xz) = bb9ed6bc20a212bc592f4d9d9fdca1f4d59d7bf7026f21666abdcf311e24e6d2820a6edab04ab15a28b1557904c20a1edf6315edb77e20c2bfb9424c52fafe7f + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 5d889fed73cb11326fcbc4bd3357ff890cf23876a4bf017da768fc86acf86fe2 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 82e97f6ef761a1ce181d1c768ae87a51b9eb4a6888796e28a126b9079f88b6d7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 783e0293dfacdc155fc1903bc2dd830e4a13767d8fe3cb78de6b0d257faf7259 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = 9b4de54cf54d825630a7418919e44e9a5a6f51d758b377b6df41cf3974d1b615 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 90a3a025dda469ed61b1582b61b3a5015cbbdf8a3bcc741e16648683175d61bc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.raw.xz) = 9b28d7eab208dfd7dc8da53960875831784015a3b96c42494b0750e607812525 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 1dc6047ac1ed24564cf27c0b3e3262e1b8afc413c10b0c23fcecbafb13d8eff8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 3a6210a53ccd919cf080e77b36fd87639b1636e8e35fe2cbad46cae404761750 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 9fd11e1b3d4035609bce6bcdf30eb3c4aba74db1d88d3461ebe6028679f18edb + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.raw.xz) = 6f15977faa58a55d7024692236e0f2c08259172f4d6247ae163dadf168adcbfb + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 55a59b5150bc4cbbe72f4512933b20d37db4dc7e9935d9c7c176ffb6c0d67b86 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 2568cabf3d2d0af5ec53ea5b4d8f0d413a6da07a015977205519eb7ea3dac733 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.qcow2.xz) = 90a3a025dda469ed61b1582b61b3a5015cbbdf8a3bcc741e16648683175d61bc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.raw.xz) = 9b28d7eab208dfd7dc8da53960875831784015a3b96c42494b0750e607812525 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vhd.xz) = 1dc6047ac1ed24564cf27c0b3e3262e1b8afc413c10b0c23fcecbafb13d8eff8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vmdk.xz) = 3a6210a53ccd919cf080e77b36fd87639b1636e8e35fe2cbad46cae404761750 + +.... + +=== riscv64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = a1588d5a6e353787964ec15e3082c8241745162aa172f0f85cc97ee7621692250aa5dfe9ed1a311913fac0238ad356dfb81ef42a0cc43ff95690c78e6769e6de + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.raw.xz) = a138338e55dd587c49a2df079af19a58d871d54e2ff4c106db6e6fef3dd9588595bcc2850afabc006e6a3084defa4fe80cbd57130b873e7018c9f708b92eecad + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vhd.xz) = ac5d999d43499de78c8b910de6e11d75688e84ee9ff18cf9334ede3b062442b48d34fa6e5fe6977f923fcf5fbb9b6eeb530c8059171ac1b0d7972528b8c5fd55 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = db5f309074f2deeb87ae6ce578e601eca5254ff01e78a0c64b2a25828069d384033f816e8b53f920bdbd23e5dd44d010a82b458df4f9e278f7d624d740830513 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 168c2c496eaed3724b9a41255c03c1af47a7882bd8a7ab6db94632253b180ab609aaf2bf0d848590b69a726a6d2cf111de2653ea09b10c823104ca9409b7f261 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.raw.xz) = d6ca4476ad1d622cd593f97a7a2ac3910cbf3f8ddf714fa5de5f2aaa854a3f878d0544c3847d2aa1b3c68bc65a58f1884cd01eba5d03dd42b3b8a6543134b6e0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 9a17e37831e753ad076a84f12e83dba22ab512dcf5a45bad240bb72d18001d0cca23c5f11a4d25a5e048839b9613f2d936a5d18f32f7e2970cb551a311595255 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = f15a29a6c7fd549fb481254f09c705806d58c8de05ea7e012de715091f2681c71315f21643c0cbe74d7916251d982f87954708b2c244b14a2dce5b7a23772313 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.qcow2.xz) = a1588d5a6e353787964ec15e3082c8241745162aa172f0f85cc97ee7621692250aa5dfe9ed1a311913fac0238ad356dfb81ef42a0cc43ff95690c78e6769e6de + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.raw.xz) = a138338e55dd587c49a2df079af19a58d871d54e2ff4c106db6e6fef3dd9588595bcc2850afabc006e6a3084defa4fe80cbd57130b873e7018c9f708b92eecad + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vhd.xz) = ac5d999d43499de78c8b910de6e11d75688e84ee9ff18cf9334ede3b062442b48d34fa6e5fe6977f923fcf5fbb9b6eeb530c8059171ac1b0d7972528b8c5fd55 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vmdk.xz) = db5f309074f2deeb87ae6ce578e601eca5254ff01e78a0c64b2a25828069d384033f816e8b53f920bdbd23e5dd44d010a82b458df4f9e278f7d624d740830513 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 26cd996ec53a9569e6030eba593e6e8eba617c029aa817c828a49072cc166099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.raw.xz) = af19c39e3382171277fa4cf745355a472717dd784771464f3307c33dcb6b7830 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 5a53f3574b652500da38c6202af63bec76d70e51aa0af6c0a55b020e6061add5 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 3d595b490d4e1fcc6d4ba3611939c3c274faccb216c03b8671b4b0ba5415d8ad + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = b9cd25d74ae9d508ecf5d49ac26649936b1ba0baeeb3437c5625465404d5c542 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.raw.xz) = 5807888b44261aa9bbfc30fae1b4397a5bc0bda6f46583bfab54a67cb0112576 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vhd.xz) = b03230738554beafcdd8aa6f0d3102186d47f94d0ccb1daf55fe7a8df59b6740 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 340c8f798f70daf3a90e1d8919efb0917efa157973d99d0154baee7f7a51ae09 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.qcow2.xz) = 26cd996ec53a9569e6030eba593e6e8eba617c029aa817c828a49072cc166099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.raw.xz) = af19c39e3382171277fa4cf745355a472717dd784771464f3307c33dcb6b7830 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vhd.xz) = 5a53f3574b652500da38c6202af63bec76d70e51aa0af6c0a55b020e6061add5 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vmdk.xz) = 3d595b490d4e1fcc6d4ba3611939c3c274faccb216c03b8671b4b0ba5415d8ad + +.... + +=== amd64 (x86_64) BASIC-CI: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = ce57a9ec6f68735f57369b3db54b0278456e1944579cd52f9e6a84a15cbf2ea5eb5d4c0a26a67dd49b6eccd1d3c024f1e5daed0be9c1827bc4078ec6fd88f3e7 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = ce57a9ec6f68735f57369b3db54b0278456e1944579cd52f9e6a84a15cbf2ea5eb5d4c0a26a67dd49b6eccd1d3c024f1e5daed0be9c1827bc4078ec6fd88f3e7 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = 627937af554eb6522891875ddc8cf5b86b40e9a12143c1b951f830b3f691de49 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = 627937af554eb6522891875ddc8cf5b86b40e9a12143c1b951f830b3f691de49 + +.... + +=== aarch64 (arm64) BASIC-CI: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = 490a8a529cecd629c1f07e9d2c83062781f0737e6e7a9b2ac28bd3f7dee537f04250ef08c9979bd9660d20ebcdd295735f7a9a83a5fe0a7c466d1c3f3080ffe7 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = 490a8a529cecd629c1f07e9d2c83062781f0737e6e7a9b2ac28bd3f7dee537f04250ef08c9979bd9660d20ebcdd295735f7a9a83a5fe0a7c466d1c3f3080ffe7 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = 7654109696015cae14267eee4d04be904a3c17a3a2bedcb872ef015343eeda2b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = 7654109696015cae14267eee4d04be904a3c17a3a2bedcb872ef015343eeda2b + +.... + +== OCI Container Checksums + +=== amd64 (x86_64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-container-image-dynamic.txz) = c72ba5c2a31436e97a0ac82521274020befcb3024b5a1994370e3cece64cd7bdf16fdf1a00c8c628ae691b7665177618ec74fa89168e2302ebefcb343dc5b1d6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-container-image-runtime.txz) = 2c58ad1f7fec0336167cca59c81222e1ccaa8e10cc66aae486d310fe0967c7edc7132ae9eba963adc94dd173a44e521e057525f3829ad9a4bcffe2b1b7cfff87 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-container-image-static.txz) = 6658dd917f856472ae819f9826394bbaa215260e7cf34f44f49ed59cf214e7bd8caac41933348783e7062ca25905b7b5e1cdef89acf3297c9cf26b5f654f929e + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 88a3fe2f64404739b2b90ce534228bced8fe655acb41479b5c5ff3027ee73fc1 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-container-image-runtime.txz) = 484dfcaf6a435a5940b1517cc213b63428032966c3f8f1d5044cfb5dc5ce8a1d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-container-image-static.txz) = 9b61c1f53cc12e7fc461b3026aa5947d73ccee079cbfc91ec664fbcf9d2a2c60 + +.... + +=== i386 (x86): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 19698751042567d491cfa79f5b239bef5605881e52e27eb4877f2c383e854c796521ec02e2e9d68a04349202ee26523105fe59cf6eb49adf85e698d1ba43c0c0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-container-image-runtime.txz) = d3e0c1e890e6f442cee634a8ee6541922cb8799403160c47e4319e2db00dfa55e1dcaa355e893efc112145ff5d3eba8b8efaa688d8a8b2d0cbbf04461d30184f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-container-image-static.txz) = 6ad4d229b11c7a775270acd57ead366f770666507fb5e2067c572089104e427a05868341b6de4107e14a227949c4970435ffc44bb077175f8116384f2749394c + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 5f5c995ef643f0010dd61dfa98b6257dda2b90cbde11590c6b690075a9e7f394 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-container-image-runtime.txz) = 5baab2dd83163426830d50557e779c94b5bffb0496aa1219bc95d0e84cbef957 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-container-image-static.txz) = ff52fe0234ce0f126546630a1db8a5e07fd924c8c6aa26765f7b8dabd8bc346d + +.... + +=== aarch64 (arm64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 573a6d256569f1cb0aa9fa17bf571f0a8efe3b49b17387cd3839b2e9a74b20b6774430a601ac8961868916cac44e08238b4beca2828935e2f26ec5104719d0f0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-container-image-runtime.txz) = bf30d76d5c8a4765bf15a4d567dc46da00b148f3ce5639bbd3fb70a6af89839c5e33d85a918faecfb98d3e82998d61efd613dd1cf315796b71905c9803d2c8f7 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-container-image-static.txz) = 7b280d0e632351d1f05b25cb5cb922de7f0b6ccdd29b8cc93b2fb5ff31bdff41e4c58ea8aa81e3fe6e8132b7d320caf63c4ee78a4e986afd57c94f1e48c2b517 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 4c05fa6693c3e5c0cdc83239fb802d9e118a61e0d4d5243621a7c626e90d4084 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-container-image-runtime.txz) = f900f3c448e59b41bc2909b335d4a602e64755dde5a11653ce7728f3def92c51 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-container-image-static.txz) = c7edd227c8ae8f2963efa05871a0e5ac29990b45f7dd10e6739e6d3f5aba164f + +.... + +=== riscv64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 34cbb7907e89aaa1122e66272ef3752e232b0d8177a92e4254ccef65fc9c1f47b4f46df65f144c85753438c216cc2fe818b48d6d88245dfbe9729ba8f65abe75 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-container-image-runtime.txz) = cba95e19c57399e9dcbc9b240874e9e3ecfb0061b6a3e020c131703a30df88160fd414e73780f692e80f177df351ca8b4afa31a8d3d37bbb00236abeba236f83 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-container-image-static.txz) = 76cf52f6e376849ab315f56ed94cca8b83e97de33411f71a7ebe7812fe374f8b339204139e6f2433c268741ceb6c68244ad4e4dc5b64625955f1a31d010fa0b3 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-container-image-dynamic.txz) = 89c2494a59ee131d5486b915e0dc5a9dd315f41183d0e4b54df27d49eac59f16 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-container-image-runtime.txz) = 65f88bcc6ff355eebac1d3f9005262d096f38b8739f13b270f065dac008e2930 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-container-image-static.txz) = 47d66082086e3e6e91c18afaae9f6ddec74c9306ba091ca0e24bdac3bfc55a07 + +.... + +Love FreeBSD? +Support this and future releases with a https://www.freebsdfoundation.org/donate/[donation] to The FreeBSD Foundation! diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.asc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.asc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1bd5617cda --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/announce.asc @@ -0,0 +1,726 @@ +-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- +Hash: SHA512 + + FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE Announcement + + Date: March 10, 2026 + + The FreeBSD Release Engineering Team is pleased to announce the + availability of FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE. This is the fifth release of the + stable/14 branch. + + Some of the highlights: + + * OpenSSH has been upgraded to version 10.0p2 and now uses the hybrid + post-quantum algorithm mlkem768x25519-sha256 by default. + + * OpenZFS has been upgraded to version 2.2.9. + + * Significantly improved cloud-init compatibility in nuageinit. + + * Bhyve virtual machines can now share a filesystem with the host via + the new p9fs(4). + + * Significant improvements in manual page tooling and content. + + For a complete list of new features, supported hardware, and known + problems, please see the online release notes, hardware compatibility + notes, and errata list, available at: + + * https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/14.4R/relnotes/ + + * https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/14.4R/hardware/ + + * https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/14.4R/errata/ + + For more information about FreeBSD release engineering activities, please + see: + + * https://www.FreeBSD.org/releng/ + +Dedication + + The FreeBSD Project dedicates the FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE to the memory of + Ken Smith, who passed away at the end of last year. Ken served as the + FreeBSD Release Engineering lead for 7 years, for releases between + FreeBSD 6 and FreeBSD 10. + +Availability + + FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE is now available for the amd64, i386, aarch64, + armv7, powerpc, powerpc64, and riscv64 architectures. + + FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE can be installed from bootable ISO images or over + the network. Some architectures also support installing from a USB memory + stick. The required files can be downloaded as described below. + + SHA512 and SHA256 hashes for the release ISO, memory stick, and SD card + images are included at the bottom of this message. + + PGP-signed checksums for the release images are also available at: + + * https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/14.4R/signatures/ + + A PGP-signed version of this announcement is available at: + + * https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/14.4R/announce.asc + + The purpose of the images provided as part of the release are as follows: + + dvd1 + + This contains everything necessary to install the base FreeBSD + operating system, the documentation, debugging distribution sets, + and a small set of pre-built packages aimed at getting a + graphical workstation up and running. It also supports booting + into a "livefs" based rescue mode. This should be all you need if + you can burn and use DVD-sized media. + + Additionally, this can be written to a USB memory stick (flash + drive) for the amd64 architecture and used to do an install on + machines capable of booting off USB drives. It also supports + booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. + + As one example of how to use the dvd1 image, assuming the USB + drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this + should work: + + # dd if=FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync + + Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + + disc1 + + This contains the base FreeBSD operating system. It also supports + booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. There are no pre-built + packages. + + Additionally, this can be written to a USB memory stick (flash + drive) for the amd64 architecture and used to do an install on + machines capable of booting off USB drives. It also supports + booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. There are no pre-built + packages. + + As one example of how to use the disc1 image, assuming the USB + drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this + should work: + + # dd if=FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync + + Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + + bootonly + + This supports booting a machine using the CDROM drive but does + not contain the installation distribution sets for installing + FreeBSD from the CD itself. You would need to perform a network + based install (e.g., from an HTTP or FTP server) after booting + from the CD. + + Additionally, this can be written to a USB memory stick (flash + drive) for the amd64 architecture and used to do an install on + machines capable of booting off USB drives. It also supports + booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. There are no pre-built + packages. + + As one example of how to use the bootonly image, assuming the USB + drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this + should work: + + # dd if=FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync + + Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + + memstick + + This can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) and used + to do an install on machines capable of booting off USB drives. + It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue mode. There + are no pre-built packages. + + As one example of how to use the memstick image, assuming the USB + drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like this + should work: + + # dd if=FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync + + Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + + mini-memstick + + This can be written to a USB memory stick (flash drive) and used + to boot a machine, but does not contain the installation + distribution sets on the medium itself, similar to the bootonly + image. It also supports booting into a "livefs" based rescue + mode. There are no pre-built packages. + + As one example of how to use the mini-memstick image, assuming + the USB drive appears as /dev/da0 on your machine something like + this should work: + + # dd if=FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync + + Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + + FreeBSD/arm SD card images + + These can be written to an SD card and used to boot the supported + arm system. The SD card image contains the full FreeBSD + installation, and can be installed onto SD cards as small as 5 + GB. + + For convenience for those without console access to the system, a + freebsd user with a password of freebsd is available by default + for ssh(1) access. Additionally, the root user password is set to + root; it is strongly recommended to change the password for both + users after gaining access to the system. + + To write the FreeBSD/arm image to an SD card, use the dd(1) + utility, replacing KERNEL with the appropriate kernel + configuration name for the system. + + # dd if=FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync + + Be careful to make sure you get the target (of=) correct. + + Pre-installed virtual machine images are also available for the amd64 *** 534 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Tue Mar 10 05:38:18 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVN2m0wr1z6VfLj for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 05:38:24 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fVN2m0JMlz3QsM for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 05:38:24 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773121104; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=s25bErhXk9lvHezNhowyMXrQQG4uGXGZwA5vYtbOZUw=; b=nM8ILJMPNps9yE/SI5TJGzINOe8PNzMFBVd/KEt1BcHmlUTKCJo7DQyF8Kj3ilBynvkKpk v8hUUeVpqk/5xBw4JVFXQwditiZa8qY9MTcMCGjvIPEXTj7JtZlHT7mtV5tE0YLNDLoRL1 j6xNTguxz5ylfWKd0xIMDRMRKX4VGiNFnL2+T32fLGEIYsYnbLpn538tYxm+cIk+vRqE+3 PpjKmYtLbJ3Z3YDBE6T5Q2m0t3G1MvRODS8Od4ncWFZyVeLBGEQn0jZsy0aox529OB8UrC pnWAaj9xZ8bgn9tupuCU6PMEJMsyytxvGn4+Yw/+X53KU0a9yTZ0VnZ+Kuv0VA== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773121104; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=CjyFNXIKefy8MckDisBQm18/+6KayfoOym7hzPBchIhTO13zM+5djo2w9fso7yIQPpD4gv 3WaKGTXP6+oiVEyjwQ4oMZF9zedx6SGAGPLlVSTX6dDJmbb2z1hDINcgfuiqLDTRQAL20X IAadup9HuPvlGtAk14NK3FD5GiS2LWDepiCM2gYPaJPUH2F+WrTk3Yu5erKOfo34wCKypY r488cnKWhNOL9e8CKVZH+FgZjlyxbCC7wlnr8RIciAVAN3QXsF4GkpEM8++KrqFcQwBTYZ Ga2RMpB1ZnfUJcgTjvOupyhr9DPhIvL216evayFbnfnzfvB61CVMZ26w/T+HTA== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773121104; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=s25bErhXk9lvHezNhowyMXrQQG4uGXGZwA5vYtbOZUw=; b=nnNKxrIfqo4uhL815xwFMmcJsRGJYu8ICwpTsN8YV99sxAOKP8fdE26aqaDeDbfjsWOmLf uIu2SEYS8IrhQQN2wSTwRY/YwYl6MjnaYTj74lRKynitMuhZLwICUQjwnoKQntcNrb24wd NJcBz15EiE0PC1Q2z5poZAhG3e1K2E1h8XMQ2N9v0drRVGs2ccVe9uSp+aJIuNR/v7LaPz QrreVwJ7sv89uhp6hDOBFDtSsoCOTM+WBN5/BMxO42s98oJAXyaFyIL6O7RDVZnpBsba0A TO/x5cnic+bKSdMlG5oyeYea/2COJRpxGzo3K3kYF6c+bzSiU1XbzTMOhmFtMg== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVN2l6yzCzymt for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 05:38:23 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 1dea0 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Tue, 10 Mar 2026 05:38:18 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 86d0a297a9 - main - website: RU - add 14.4R to ru/releases pages List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 86d0a297a9adc64788bf3e4ec7f15529c80fcf45 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 05:38:18 +0000 Message-Id: <69afae4a.1dea0.66b82085@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=86d0a297a9adc64788bf3e4ec7f15529c80fcf45 commit 86d0a297a9adc64788bf3e4ec7f15529c80fcf45 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-10 05:37:35 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-10 05:37:35 +0000 website: RU - add 14.4R to ru/releases pages 14.4R release documents translated ru Russian. Link to new release added to ru/releases page. News item added to news page in Russian. Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55775 --- website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc | 23 +- website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc | 776 + ...CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-amd64-vm.asc | 35 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-amd64.asc | 29 + ...A256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ...FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 + ...256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 + ...6-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 + ...256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 + ...SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 + ....SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 + ...SUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-i386-vm.asc | 31 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-i386.asc | 29 + ...SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-powerpc-powerpc64.asc | 23 + ...A256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc | 23 + ...HA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc | 23 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-powerpc.asc | 23 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ....SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 + ...SUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 + ...CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-amd64-vm.asc | 35 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-amd64.asc | 29 + ...A256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ...FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 + ...256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 + ...6-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 + ...256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 + ...SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 + ....SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 + ...SUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 + 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.../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-powerpc.asc | 23 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ....SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 + ...SUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA1-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 + ...CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-amd64-vm.asc | 35 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-amd64.asc | 29 + ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ...FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 + ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 + ...2-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 + ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 + ...SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 + ....SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 + ...SUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-i386-vm.asc | 31 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-i386.asc | 29 + ...SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-powerpc-powerpc64.asc | 23 + ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc | 23 + ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc | 23 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-powerpc.asc | 23 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ....SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 + ...SUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA2-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 + ...CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-amd64-vm.asc | 35 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-amd64.asc | 29 + ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ...FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 + ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 + ...2-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 + ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 + ...SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 + ....SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 + ...SUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-i386-vm.asc | 31 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-i386.asc | 29 + ...SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-powerpc-powerpc64.asc | 23 + ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc | 23 + ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc | 23 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-powerpc.asc | 23 + ...-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ....SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 + ...SUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-BETA3-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-amd64-vm.asc | 35 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-amd64.asc | 29 + ...SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ...2-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.asc | 20 + ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 + ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 + ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RC1-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 + 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...2-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.asc | 20 + ...FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.asc | 20 + ...2-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.asc | 20 + ...reeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.asc | 20 + ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.asc | 20 + ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-vm.asc | 35 + ...M.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.asc | 29 + ...HECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-vm.asc | 31 + .../CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.asc | 29 + ...A512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64.asc | 23 + ...12-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le.asc | 23 + ...512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe.asc | 23 + ...HECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc.asc | 23 + ...reeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.asc | 20 + ...HA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-vm.asc | 31 + ...M.SHA512-FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.asc | 27 + website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc | 83 + website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/hardware.adoc | 4382 +++++ website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/hardware.po | 16698 +++++++++++++++++++ .../content/ru/releases/14.4R/installation.adoc | 101 + website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/readme.adoc | 163 + website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc | 569 + website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/schedule.adoc | 8 +- website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/signatures.adoc | 20 + website/content/ru/releases/_index.adoc | 2 + website/data/ru/news/news.toml | 5 + 212 files changed, 27793 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc b/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc index 9be8369497..5e4e7c940f 100644 --- a/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc +++ b/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/_index.adoc @@ -16,22 +16,19 @@ sidenav: download == ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ информация -Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ подробная информация -//, Π² частности, информация ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ -// ΠΈ информация ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ совмСстимости -ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… страницах: - -//link:announce/[ОбъявлСниС ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + -//link:signatures/[ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ суммы FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + -//link:installation/[Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ установкС FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + -//link:hardware/[Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ совмСстимости FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + -//link:relnotes/[Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + -//link:errata/[Π˜ΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ дополнСния для FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + -//link:readme/[Readme FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ подробная информация, Π² частности, информация ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΈ информация ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ совмСстимости ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… страницах: + +link:announce/[ОбъявлСниС ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +link:signatures/[ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ суммы FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +link:installation/[Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ установкС FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +link:hardware/[Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ совмСстимости FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +link:relnotes/[Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +link:errata/[Π˜ΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ дополнСния для FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + +link:readme/[Readme FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] + link:schedule/[Π“Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ выпуска FreeBSD {localRel}-RELEASE] // // The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project // -// Original EN revision (15.10.2025): fdb916e1c318b87a24b66ce62efd7e5d9e72f926 +// Original EN revision (07.03.2025): 75dea5f71f97a48dedb730635003e20f52f14182 // diff --git a/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc b/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..528198e5d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/announce.adoc @@ -0,0 +1,776 @@ +--- +title: "Анонс FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE" +sidenav: download +--- + +:thisBranch: 14 +:thisRelease: 14.4 +:nextRelease: 14.5 +:lastRelease: 14.3 +:thisBranchEOL: November 30, 2028 +:thisEOL: December 31, 2026 +:lastEOL: June 30, 2026 +:which: пятый + +include::shared/releases.adoc[] +:thisDate: {rel144-current-date} + += Анонс FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE + +Π”Π°Ρ‚Π°: 10 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° 2026 + +Команда ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD с ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сообщаСт ΠΎ доступности FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ {which} Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ stable/{thisBranch}. + +НСкоторыС ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ особСнности: + +* OpenSSH ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎ вСрсии 10.0p2 ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π³ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ пост-ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ mlkem768x25519-sha256. + +* OpenZFS ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎ вСрсии 2.2.9. + +* Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ nuageinit с cloud-init. + +* Π’ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ bhyve Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму с хостом Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ p9fs(4). + +* Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² инструмСнтарии ΠΈ содСрТании справочных страниц. + +ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ оборудования ΠΈ извСстных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½-Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ: информация ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅, свСдСния ΠΎ совмСстимости с ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ список исправлСний доступны ΠΏΠΎ адрСсам: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/releases/{thisRelease}R/relnotes/` +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/releases/{thisRelease}R/hardware/` +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/releases/{thisRelease}R/errata/` + +Для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD смотритС: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/releng/` + +== ΠŸΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD посвящаСт выпуск FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE памяти КСна Π‘ΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. +КСн Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD Π½Π° протяТСнии 7 Π»Π΅Ρ‚, отвСчая Π·Π° выпуски с FreeBSD 6 ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD 10. + +== Π”ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ… + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ доступна для Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ amd64, i386, aarch64, armv7, powerpc, powerpc64 ΠΈ riscv64. + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ISO-ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ сСти. +Для Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ поддСрТиваСтся установка с USB-Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-накопитСля. +НСобходимыС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. + +Π₯эши SHA512 ΠΈ SHA256 для Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ISO, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² для USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ SD-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ этого сообщСния. + +ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ суммы с PGP-подписью для Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ доступны ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу: + +* https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/releases/{thisRelease}R/signatures/ + +ВСрсия этого анонса с PGP-подписью доступна ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу: + +* https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/{thisRelease}R/announce.asc + +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ², прСдоставляСмых Π² составС Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅: + +dvd1:: +Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ всС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ для установки Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы FreeBSD, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… дистрибутивных Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ нСбольшого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ собранных ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для настройки графичСской Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ станции. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ носитСли Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ с DVD. ++ +ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, этот ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° USB-Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ для Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ amd64 ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для установки Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ…, способных Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с USB-устройств. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». ++ +Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° использования ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° dvd1, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ отобраТаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ /dev/da0 Π½Π° вашСй машинС. Π’ этом случаС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство (of=). + +disc1:: +Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму FreeBSD. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ собранныС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ++ +ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, этот ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° USB-Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ для Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ amd64 ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для установки Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ…, способных Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с USB-устройств. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ собранныС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ++ +Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° использования ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° disc1, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ отобраТаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ /dev/da0 Π½Π° вашСй машинС. Π’ этом случаС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство (of=). + +bootonly:: +ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° CD-ROM, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ содСрТит дистрибутивных Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для установки FreeBSD с самого ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚-диска. +ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ с CD Π²Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ установку ΠΏΠΎ сСти (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с HTTP- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ FTP-сСрвСра). ++ +ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, этот ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° USB-Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ для Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ amd64 ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для установки Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ…, способных Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с USB-устройств. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ собранныС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ++ +Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° использования ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° bootonly, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ отобраТаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ /dev/da0 Π½Π° вашСй машинС. Π’ этом случаС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство (of=). + +memstick:: +ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ записан Π½Π° USB-Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΈ использован для установки Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ…, способных Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с USB-устройств. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ собранныС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ++ +Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° использования ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° memstick, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ отобраТаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ /dev/da0 Π½Π° вашСй машинС. Π’ этом случаС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство (of=). + +mini-memstick:: +ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ записан Π½Π° USB-Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΈ использован для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ содСрТит дистрибутивных Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для установки Π½Π° самом носитСлС, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρƒ bootonly. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ восстановлСния Π½Π° основС Β«livefsΒ». +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ собранныС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ++ +Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° использования ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° mini-memstick, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ отобраТаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ /dev/da0 Π½Π° вашСй машинС. Π’ этом случаС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство (of=). + +FreeBSD/arm SD card images:: +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ FreeBSD/arm для SD-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹:: +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° SD-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ARM-систСмы. +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· SD-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ содСрТит ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ установку FreeBSD ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ записан Π½Π° SD-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ объСмом ΠΎΡ‚ 5 Π“Π‘. ++ +Для удобства Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ консольного доступа ΠΊ систСмС, ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ доступСн ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `freebsd` с ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ `freebsd` для доступа Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· `ssh(1)`. +ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ `root` установлСн Π² `root`; Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ для ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ послС получСния доступа ΠΊ систСмС. ++ +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· FreeBSD/arm Π½Π° SD-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ `dd(1)`, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ² _KERNEL_ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ имя ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра для систСмы. ++ +[subs="attributes"] +.... +# dd if=FreeBSD-{thisRelease}-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img \ + of=/dev/da0 bs=1m conv=sync +.... ++ +Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство (of=). + +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… машин Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ доступны для Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ amd64 (x86_64), AArch64 (arm64) ΠΈ RISCV (riscv64) Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² дисков `QCOW2`, `VHD` ΠΈ `VMDK`, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ сырых (Π½Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…) ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ². + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ доступна Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ хостинга: + +* FreeBSD Amazon(R) EC2(TM): + + +Π˜Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ AMI для FreeBSD/amd64 EC2 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· Parameter Store Systems Manager Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ с использованиСм ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ: + +.... + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/base/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/base/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/builder/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/builder/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/cloud-init/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/cloud-init/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/small/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/amd64/small/zfs/14.4/RELEASE +.... + +AMI доступны AWS Marketplace ΠΏΠΎ адрСсам: + +.... + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-sxzreyutwngxy (UFS) + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-4csbncujmsgbk (ZFS) +.... + +Π˜Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ AMI для FreeBSD/aarch64 EC2 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· Parameter Store Systems Manager Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ с использованиСм ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ: + +.... + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/base/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/base/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/builder/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/builder/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/cloud-init/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/cloud-init/zfs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/small/ufs/14.4/RELEASE + /aws/service/freebsd/arm64/small/zfs/14.4/RELEASE +.... + +AMI доступны AWS Marketplace ΠΏΠΎ адрСсам: + +.... + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-axdyrrhr6pboq (UFS) + https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-7xtubzy4v4oo4 (ZFS) +.... + +* Google(R) Compute Engine(TM): + +ЭкзСмпляры ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ `gcloud`: + +.... + % gcloud compute instances create INSTANCE \ + --image freebsd-14-4-release-amd64-ufs \ + --image-project=freebsd-org-cloud-dev + % gcloud compute ssh INSTANCE +.... + +Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ _INSTANCE_ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ экзСмпляра Google Compute Engine, Π° _FILESYSTEM_ β€” Π½Π° `ufs` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `zfs`. +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ FreeBSD доступны Π½Π° Google Compute Engine(TM) Marketplace ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу: + +https://console.cloud.google.com/marketplace/browse?filter=category:os&filter=price:free&q=freebsd + +* Microsoft(R) Azure(TM): + +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… машин FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ доступны Π½Π° Azure Marketplace ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу: + +https://azuremarketplace.microsoft.com/marketplace/apps/thefreebsdfoundation.freebsd-14_4 + +== Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ https со ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ сайта: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/ISO-IMAGES/{thisRelease}/` + +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… машин FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/VM-IMAGES/{thisRelease}-RELEASE/` + +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ BASIC-CI FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/CI-IMAGES/{thisRelease}-RELEASE/` + +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² OCI FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с: + +* `https://download.freebsd.org/releases/OCI-IMAGES/{thisRelease}-RELEASE/` + +Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ доступны Π² рСпозиториях ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Docker ΠΈ GitHub. + +Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ установкС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ обновлСнию ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎ {thisRelease}-RELEASE см. ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/releases/{thisRelease}R/installation/` + +== ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° + +Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ выпуск, FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ {thisEOL}. +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ выпуск, FreeBSD {lastRelease}-RELEASE, достигнСт окончания срока ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ {lastEOL}. +БСрия выпусков FreeBSD {thisBranch} Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ {thisBranchEOL}. +Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсам: + +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/platforms/` +* `https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/security/` + +== Благодарности + +ΠœΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ прСдоставили ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, сСтСвой доступ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ чСловСчСскиС рСсурсы для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ выпуску FreeBSD {thisRelease}, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ: + +[cols="",] +|=== +|https://www.freebsdfoundation.org[The FreeBSD Foundation] +|https://www.juniper.net[Juniper Networks] +|https://www.nyi.net[New York Internet] +|https://opensats.org[Open Sats Initiative] +|https://www.sentex.ca[Sentex Data Communications] +|https://www.tarsnap.com[Tarsnap] +|https://365datacenters.com/[365 Data Centers] +|=== + +Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° ΠΏΠΎ выпуску {thisRelease}-RELEASE Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚: + +[cols=",",] +|=== +|Antoine Brodin |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Dave Cottlehuber |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Sergio Carlavilla Delgado |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Marc Fonvieille |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска, докумСнтация +|Jake Freeland |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Craig Leres |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Xin Li |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска, Бвязь с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ бСзопасности +|Ed Maste |Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ руководитСля ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ выпуска +|Colin Percival |Π ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ выпуска, Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ выпуска {thisRelease}-RELEASE +|Vladlen Popolitov |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Muhammad Moinur Rahman |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Lexi Winter |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|Alexander Ziaee |Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ выпуска +|=== + +== Π’ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊ + +FreeBSD являСтся зарСгистрированным Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ The FreeBSD Foundation. + +== ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ суммы ISO-ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² + +FreeBSD {thisRelease}-RELEASE доступна для Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ the amd64, i386, aarch64, armv7, powerpc, powerpc64 ΠΈ riscv64. + +=== amd64 (x86_64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso) = 331b01eb44f96deb5882d28f2711f3cb455b8a51536df6f5209bae4c4d298fc53136427b5c4d802c84b129fcc43706eb4b11a318bd2aa4cc2ea8146c0e4d6f4a + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 1c5b680a9f3071e180c10b07b39676c84ecfcc882a41d104da16cef84dbdd2c7b08db7398d867d1775f0b054ba9772d625e4eb55fdd94b6b453581bc80ca14e1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso) = 0f7ffc75be1b9393b255ea7ee08dd071029d8d76626c16bf730441b683c4d58b44b3b407bff9d3a6daf1dc6ac636ae0c74c65f8e0d96f5bd6ea36f269d0420d0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso.xz) = 6edecf54b98dfcb4f1b78ccafb098747677b83af991cf43c06d376ebabc10693a8f5917a24539307ded7f8d280d1eec73e1f706ad58915ea97f7560631b1cf86 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso) = d300ed938b4d6acf86575a8784470134f1ea452d96650867df99777e70c0979c409074d00650afbce115745081973858bde93511751ae8e5e4bc05e40f576041 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.xz) = 3da01948242431ea68dec8deea8b2db3b8e39e506a14511c93c45369b5c0598b0be9a73d6e8adf6472b76087468f2f039fb6cd1db5dc1732113986434a8514b2 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img) = ef6ef9e4e0f2ff3b22dc680f69e5effc7af62d3277070f15616399d3b7e7009d8fa6827d69555fee6a5069934990338107e5bce1af0ad92bbda785cd379a0103 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz) = 334c22f927824e90d78516773f9fe86cb622ae225ff26c3e3efe1c17ddf1b0be72f313356d429c4c68e788672ffca26d4bffb5d7ff39649fe138e983c36194f2 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img) = 0ebfaa74ccede793f44e7412eb1be48f96247583c149930b008bb7f291bfbeed4d59af0ec22a3c08c2af00abb04fc29994e8e171907a7343761dfa72f596139b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 73708a2e57f8eeab1f75391af8ebfcafcf7e232b8f1221fbcda46d3b81d92a5137861b75deb55c1dc0741a6e6f35e401927cffc4a851246e88914ac371b00754 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso) = 5a262316dd17badd83dba6355a259341479a5133cb29d54b2585cf20d46292c7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 875d0782fcd0217f9ea03479a2a0d9315133607d090ac317645fe356ba6b770f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso) = ade3d84e77fc601d1207ced8d6dd8952c3fb7685afa3cf6b6b44d76ed94b2d8e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso.xz) = 079ae59e75a2e802505c140d2102cf96dd54fd9696ce6806d9016f1b4172b85b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso) = 953814f2a4dcfc32958902f3b1f30cf34b5ab872f405668793491481abfd177e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso.xz) = a83f06417903df52ef6d8528e899ae804b9df3e5542fc2be99c917e9490bd73a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img) = 7145c25734b68457958f179592e8dbeea411658f7890a7fdcb100d855c4e9db5 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz) = a05e62986a82db7ee4e1bc5b4d725c1060c939bc8e1fc2b9773e37b2bf857d8f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img) = 85f2120c9f58aa5f1e8e715731cbfd0083bfaf22ff97d88c69af15ff91ca78f1 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = d24e42c405d09e5522a171ac407773f659716c14881f697d61987e4610232914 + +.... + +=== i386 (x86): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso) = 0fdd53abcf9d71538d87fc0babbe479e3cb737a1fc2b2376ad0fdeef5637e2eb8bdd609505d9e76627698f667bf65d37a57218323dc9bf06715aa95b69134d3f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso.xz) = 9f8857012abd14941e564ac3700365c74c82a0e6bf17cd40f3edc85502a368740013c168daa4c64af2e8e5e86a5ba3fa723347b4a3a88f08a570d6a7663782ee + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso) = 0638b5f957efd7591a62ce9be9ee37ebc2cd8fc8df6d76071ebcb23d26f45a71d35becec7dfd4bdd76cc1f3653e7f304489f3292b40a71f8ada7adadab0fd094 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso.xz) = 9dd6cd40d94accbdf5c84d480d8db81a27b01d8ff536d052c37bb66f129029dd3baa483c0e0d9c1bb6c1321838bdabfe162fe59ec52467ff3a36d995ca49f9dc + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso) = fe929f46efbf3891df1bde494236b83eb5f1ac985787ff947ce42572206ef971e52ed4c956d60a43954fb6cd5b450155c75f48393dc32a2f8c797c2d78972693 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.xz) = f36eb2a3d0f8f9d0174bcf626a92332d6cead494e8908800d8f096ea08fe49b59dc636cd88eb8710bb50c2fe543c85fc34de93a2bf9328239858ead0c79b83f3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img) = 20ba6a3f1444839144d095092850e632da14d51b31df459705b8956579a332cb35368c398b55782011d47cd88789d72e15625377a2381f569f229723ba21daf1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img.xz) = f1cbfe37c64aa27fa28d92ff8dfaa9550f3407b7f37f0f77270c7f8d3ec8151a84ad05d5ad380275d9e8d9f16ecdf80bc9902252305c3747a422e16d14ae4b4e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img) = 57850f58ef9e24848c792b02e95c73ca690c2032310cdd0194f77bd3ee64e7338817169e8fce6f8bd1b366a600b3783e522d8a0b7b0a503d5a26045f998c90be + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img.xz) = aa36498154e08eb8463155f5503fa4f5a2b0692f10729028966aa997878f692db93c687a7a6a13608bd97a3e3893d2a06d53679b58e39af4a3f6eaed1a60189a + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso) = cba5cb7110072ae30c2d304ac941916ea9e9bc5e8a655ba8433d7f4ff30fe679 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-bootonly.iso.xz) = 151974415121ef6d838d3800c898939998f807e37473e4bac16c5b32b9ccaf20 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso) = 7560fca3b0538d146b46a5802f981716168a1b052e0fa361b6e6cfedd6d0b50a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso.xz) = fd51d011b8c2769e79f68e15f8c5d2a76bd2a4b5bbd6acb4e30521534df0d55c + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso) = 998fd04eff63fa13576373dc7739f833f9965fccafc69f7b4f939d22ebcb11cb + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-dvd1.iso.xz) = af8afe0ebbae282ebb901cadcbd625fb2c34ff5a78a1a13bfc020b4b70aebf6f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img) = e7f8e136e429d36986798d0beddbdb0c1c19a549140e7b67a166aededcd4e001 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img.xz) = 644e7f5573bb444e9dfa9f996e9be0b2e099955071be827e11a83c0fe86d3b69 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img) = 1c6f799bf80cf111444026850b34e7757da2faeac4f3a64cd514f936a375db10 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 46d544fd223ace30d50745602b6ce5a24d01e4081ebd26f9aed3470f5c18183b + +.... + +=== aarch64 GENERIC: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso) = 633635c0a621a2f37ce786a724cdadefc161ea6d03e0bc6a306be2df09e4d511a162e67ee8a666a9a6cbef16b892a2da3eb97ee8f3db1047837969b7975d1f69 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso.xz) = fb922047b761355736ec81603fc3099074d1f87bc3e4ad7dc8ccc99206ad628e09bca5e98818208e31d7e3fdaaca54d0068cd4b5eae97d44a56325a070190e14 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso) = f958235831ada4f385449f52c1bdf9e45fd20ae913d274ba42b30d7f4b2c6da243591788cbcca8cad09e883ef2cec809a12cfd8ba5cd5933ffcf25c82bde05c8 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso.xz) = e0389cfea3f57b616ebd2db35e71ce858b13c70b600105c8ea8145c4cbddf701dbdee66921e76d8dc98d83991709ae796be512359bc32bc172c352504385cf7c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso) = ca0467d95831746bb40fa6a286c2c7c9623b838750b10583ca82d4435880847257c538cc58e5db6105ab8dfc86f2302f9c5d2a8fab32acd617c01b9edf3f77d1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso.xz) = d153b19f83c88b831323118fc1d6bf8540b6a8026033cef5a7a03945f57517e82b26e76974514d47fe36eb5b754efb9913f5678ef576fb9cdff12ca87b0ced3c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img) = d49e90edba543bd6fc21155965a0f58cf6c8497b417e8c83f166d6601ff0ec3a7f5f91521d6bb47b83b01f2e978c8fca3984d1d405de9472fdf61778b8cb43a4 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img.xz) = 422415d9796184cfb3952b56a5d94f29ae5a9e0ae6155fd063279e1d5bea68a912f149ec10511bd321fb00a2d7d226809dd3707c5789e62b3d5a3aa09319a59e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img) = 9db31400350003f39f149401aaefa7a2a6583fd91a1335adfd53daca458a3cf13509a5dd1212af48f747fa6b38f7c6265685ccc9de024f8267b87fb8c2c9c5e5 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = b2ea014cb467479276956b6cd1a8d4a57fcd3e503cd07df3ee3b831ab34186f85e6b40f80f4c8967f344c6152beb5e79ae0a782c8c8b535ea1610db0e6fa9350 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso) = bc7b3e5bef594e02c31a3250230f413014b45c20ff57c12355cd24021e870e12 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-bootonly.iso.xz) = e118cf690906775c24d521199e1d2faf637bb2df0e9b91827ac066e3d9da5ae8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso) = 32a63ed91ace4967441baab0bbfb3ac33c13c02018a2f4eeb3a741d373681d7c + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-disc1.iso.xz) = 9a1af926179ecf5ace67f9628101d26e2df01899ff6f7923534373b9331b4a24 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso) = 902a685c9f39e631962bf215c5f91a9e55bf0804d1e32bbea7241252ed81937a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-dvd1.iso.xz) = 5be4a8cccc8bbe406072ee55336ebc5b333ecf283a64888ce6c06e721cd59d7a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img) = c07eeb717fbd1d50722c5c6507d93f9d46e36dc408e76aa79793336bb226541d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-memstick.img.xz) = 90cbfec68f4998c9441345502a8cda24a64d0b675ce1f3fbb4b5bd47fdb64455 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img) = 905564f3a814e354023044eca5f44045d477b8304234a69896afecae4e7f188d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = bd3e8f8d9781429cd29329ae1b591da23dd4ddcda99e9c72b18883580bba5cca + +.... + +=== aarch64 RPI (3/4): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img.xz) = c43fc8966cddebd5c5f0609b3154c53768fd5caf11621fae5b0a69c68b1cc22c1f6ff71ba87f32f2aa1fa4080d297c1f5880fbb6ead8d1b180fbb87f0fdcbec7 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-RPI.img.xz) = d20a775612362fa94d67585e901af79cabcb2e898d572f3c99fffb44da39186b + +.... + +=== aarch64 PINE64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.img.xz) = bf531b0f5f47c717429eced613dcb386b92b3413d58f2e093233ba22dea5481c2cfbe58f82ea372ba1ec4636f2db78ceb1dc7b693f03409c94772e0456c080f3 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64.img.xz) = 3a58b21a2f5aef3cad37a4d7562897e78a5a4f6db5426a1a3edbdebb9b26e08a + +.... + +=== aarch64 PINE64-LTS: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.img.xz) = 47f26400c6a83c70f8cee11ca9cb66e1ff0e2d563af7d56da8004c3e718ee2e8036ffc059fb0993103e882f8cdcdcd2e1201d4a85826c26e398a1b134a01dc04 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINE64-LTS.img.xz) = dc90d45c11bdfd9778a74631510f8c6b120765c52c5defb9fb32f3a772faf0e0 + +.... + +=== aarch64 PINEBOOK: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.img.xz) = 5fa592a9459fef192de5c6221ce9ab5b6f1dc78e142db0ff3c6c24768fa13f2b89581270f3c99e44badf8d396a1c79a5539a20dfabb78206ff6305b8f7b9084c + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-PINEBOOK.img.xz) = c326c8db6aaa3d9d5acce65a4d873af9877327623d2bc09f00f40bff90f58fd2 + +.... + +=== aarch64 ROCK64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.img.xz) = 847019b4d18d0780a47292ca6cbec5d65403a79618e7389fda2961a462bd036cbcf6103c4e304e4f5510b7bb93d7c868a07a466554145cbd87d5f9e91d3725a2 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCK64.img.xz) = 6821095f6be3d39e44d86068f58544a4aa78d8742a4b06f0cbf9933f9c0ed22f + +.... + +=== aarch64 ROCKPRO64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.img.xz) = 4489ab34bf31c44af52df63b14b7df424fcdedadfd5deb4032486c9e16a88c54f70818b1eb6b9fa533f3148189ad858c7a57e41956aea215561d6e568d31694f + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ROCKPRO64.img.xz) = a36ac4a867e7e956fef693dfb23863280e0feacb14a6138ea7bd889dd19254e2 + +.... + +=== armv7 GENERICSD: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 227f86df539347e890b8c33f91f18f65e8a5fb29ce37f606396315334bc8ebd59eb3953bf86a3d11c97fb2141454656692e5f18181c9ffa58c7f252c6faf9d59 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm-armv7-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 61f04f066487b3a0f6e1fddd2ac50180b71f1496d4f550a6791cb61051bb404a + +.... + +=== powerpc: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso) = 60a337fd8716177910c93e78dbd93121d30a9160bca75d8487a84a543f29e7de739e49cd6c03b85a3e59a6ef249b47de2cac2cdbd9831f98ea5e31e596967e40 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso.xz) = b35767dd45facf9d3b8dbbfd9f96664b01ea61df9908757a9e2b129bb3e2ed03a4e0ebec877e4d63aec1d139b08f4ae622045b99cc83b5c9915c2f60ef951b4a + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso) = 94cc0ea0d2f8074b3fcdf55270176a9b4e1c2ee7bb719d96d2f6a260c6e732fc973cce5f37f1c4d20a1e45eec7cd8849062a0984bd82515561cb5b5d197faa6d + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso.xz) = c621bfb8261b856d938c0ba9975179f49e9adc3e6a57cc816b276d2d0f88d90de70217286b795a3219a84d94c259ed3d9f5e7d1f1597c24494e4c111b26c5626 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso) = c22efbfb4886501f6167bdfd5563a83ee05344ac21df81ec758d12d443a015b3 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-bootonly.iso.xz) = ab2f80890e571242b911154b2ceefe776e5b9c03d71b39a3098c19d996552110 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso) = edb3e7843bee9c1d798925faa77456c396371712cb97e18b0ed44997108369b9 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-disc1.iso.xz) = 1d358dad0643dfb7ca2e63910cbec0deb8ae43106a8a74d4a80d91093430d39a + +.... + +=== powerpcspe: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso) = c1868a60dd2a2a407e8f0ff4eb8f68d38193bd2795488db065c7dce618033a44b3e8dff105a61b0dd222b8538e282f6807bf03e7f868107d96a8979e96997d90 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso.xz) = 97235f4012649594c8d3ddb7e9fe0711f2b31cba22cfe3c6f4e3cce8f0ee41dfb07be46fdbf0a7a696217c7a839402bff3e6e7b9548646ba17178a4de0fe6967 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso) = 773e63d316a294c0fc25c17239c1b25087cce8cca5e17ebabd3306a8dbce2aa3d33c1dcdf0afb35ad34c156f63f277670d06cb47796425dd49340cb8b919a473 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso.xz) = 6c6e63d1304d65d92a6942118bd5a8fdcf9b2912fd3e6a0bbb4dd0222d112287fd8513e43e1ac7290dfda35086d1fa8bfdf33601c83d01e2ef24b0ee197b6870 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso) = 90a6079277e8ceb75e89b2391d1dacd40f6371b8eb96427f5f9e6be3606c35db + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-bootonly.iso.xz) = e17a54b85a14f2ca718570945f93e789555fe477f5479b9d3bbef75d2f9291de + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso) = cea05f5f3be0f0bbe72d62a8df4102592804475efdf5ab744a54a1e0e87dd5fc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpcspe-disc1.iso.xz) = b84ddde2050448cb92dab4bfd6535ddaf9513a9a62741e3ff01f3dc25dbff5e6 + +.... + +=== powerpc64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso) = 7322cb0dfb0050a35771bcf1650198bbe62d4c4c0d4f35141654c7dfca1646d71f8ce0639b2ba7617970b635d4352729c37b63432a8785c35c668df7a8a8ec0a + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 54435a85559b5ac23c90d0f879b0d3838bb29c7b295411eb64fc0c773c08a2f523c8085eebac506a9de891264a22666bd3e036c4e181c57bbcfc40bf20b8ab37 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso) = 2a426d03cd3cd70395cd1a9d1e0321b6323da1994599320fe5c7f2d852c7e0a5fcb04aed2780045fd2abdb943ae963fd85379f2bd9646dc8392ea31ca9b9d0fe + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz) = fe1245a15ca65c7411457fa2a55bd4cb101bd2c8c1777b363788d36f988cf8db8ea519321462b74ba99420fa0f7e4808b137ff46f926c0d13a364523137b6981 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso) = 0c6ae30de86724b5550c88b32e314842468eb333a4bb9f97de73a5f3394a935b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 0b1a8de4e05e98e164b58c146055b5dc4d8d6794bcabaf950c0f3dae7bb41291 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso) = 743d2be4d18c942f30ed77edd614cb11c0dedf44e7ef88bfc5193709135154a8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz) = 03dc340ba36dabe2e6d4413fcde77f98ce2ff49e569083decc470f9b627225ee + +.... + +=== powerpc64le: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso) = 549179b9702e06ace9c68e1b26feb578c915246414634832d4da0fb59f0679e907883f62dc3a0940624c06efe164cc07659fbe09155beb9f059bc70dd5a02a0e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso.xz) = afd53c189ff5bb607f68fe98e00f641eec5b87513da8c8f550479b1e104a7b029f1341f59121919bd6134d9e98a96d33c2c78ffe8604707223747c6d0238aac3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso) = 99ca6362e5cf0854d7ddc94d82e387eae870b01e4a71a7734bcb43c36965b2133d6d969caec4fd6c9802f44790220f73cd50c83690e591a8d00e37cca6623b90 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz) = 2b0c187b9e397af02074026d7a28964e073a6b80a0d2ce7dd4dd738b0710be723b641ae63a16d6005a1f1334a15e6b8b77d1bac9625ddfd0480cb7e63beb94a3 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso) = 846b7603b5291405533a35dcd0c9ad283bb38d280e879a38225053f62fd0279b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-bootonly.iso.xz) = 03dc8038323c605a15d92cc30d497623a2dea704ee1978760677ce86fbcd059e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso) = bed02547ffd90aee5b8c2282814acd7d8ef18e443fd3363d6cdc02b42f7a9f37 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz) = f18a6affc2c6c28af4d29482a64bf38e9f4b4a150eae7297bae8ab3c5fc076b4 + +.... + +=== riscv64 GENERIC + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso) = 0adfc3bd5ba75e6fcde1f7c5bef0d6345c7518d38548f625156186cdbaab542bc4f253bd529cfcf0c7fc1c6a4ba31752bbd316c55e9304e2251e3e243361dbcb + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso.xz) = d4ed17bdd120f82e730eaf243c7897e27048c2eff5e69887c753e484ceefdf4fbc80b74973038ec4a592747061d9eeaf8af1ff5baffcad19a1bc67b65a6a45ea + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso) = c32217b40cc4bcc9b31c67e0ce6c8ebe04cb51b63fdedbe84d649d602eeb56c875fa213ff06f9533775d5d85eceaea0cbd387e6d8eaeb51311c3e5de47730b98 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso.xz) = 1901335766a9b4fa13de66df688256fe55bbf8ca21218a0fc62fdbd10e187e59730e5102ec2b5d9d463647496a005edb0f00eac6f9542e7afbcf09e016594db4 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img) = 12eb634a626c5a6fc1c4ab1a633d230c595523df6712e16cd81e0c926824606b6a12af277ce6666d600e7ae405f7513af300592910e1c5c95a23e250b9d4ecbd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img.xz) = 5a449666867864d821b34fcfd670f5b01b05c35e00f227f87fe096a510440b9d657bb1dcb9eab17024ffa2af26ee488d42e11884525aaed1c3895dfb14149cea + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img) = 995a15dc1b2a3929504e80323fc64fef6715adff7372acda36a36f4e2cf8b8d224ed0710e1035d38cb9696354e37a4d0b9c34fe0d78fe85444aa74cd72e0b50c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = 0b3edac3334f82a0ddb1261cb3798ee3cf307a40d30b01d84eb78b9d793fbc46998e12b9727d61f45e5a45a37702897455ef82c368fda5f7e943fe16a4434246 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso) = 4979a79e1543a13f58e4ffca8f6864c1c67621a55eba154a185ea76ffd3a0234 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-bootonly.iso.xz) = 7c904d266f963b3c2b1063c5fb46bc3d25ef08dd3ba912ee32597b1e38486f1a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso) = 16e24fdaea94ced9fdc8f8495065f03669ee5c7854ac7e6f7b12c2ddf9dd48e6 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-disc1.iso.xz) = f0fa60ad8e1475ece0400728c86de3d95df515b320e99577f58a4ddeacf2d07b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img) = 8567c36dd7e9aa4fb4cfc47db5d4c541e1762fe43810f269b909325448028ffc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-memstick.img.xz) = 92961528f3f5613c872ddac6d83080cfb934767c89d71b24cbe612bb14aafdc7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img) = f6bf42a17ef387bfb3a51abada6a4aa81aea790027fce9e59c97e51d20c09e6e + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-mini-memstick.img.xz) = ebda69b2bb624a84b0d2588d9274bce0f7b4507b762a524e055ca9d48698cae5 + +.... + +=== riscv64 GENERICSD: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 323cc578ae88da0c0f94480f5dcfb4c3d3f0edb71dc4aaf0e8eb4df6caed8b947a18325b9dc2ce3d97a5b2a4a391b36d02f884633c0549d77229388aca92e602 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-GENERICSD.img.xz) = 27da02df7dcc2c079d671c8353475021e37ee66a92c6a11885bd1b242841e22c + +.... + +== ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ суммы ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² дисков Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… машин + +=== amd64 (x86_64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 8f1c7ef058259f0bb3d087ae31238021915832b6eb7a7d9bd438ad2c1aca42258c4b09e196bcc1487f0bab55663de28b9c26cc1eb2faa69b06dc7f1aca882af8 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = b3dfed55092a4dfdd682e97bbcebc610c74aebe5931d765ea89894424497cee9fbc69ce040ba298b8ef034867c0ba2393f48767d20e29e2db954ba76d661c3bc + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 86b22a7a5e8cfe4f7ddf7555963852c749cd7e951b5d2e08e3e66cd54a6bdda7b950514a811f452304ae7caf921f41dd1fe5121c8792cd4092fe644d9f5838cb + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = c4560c4849c7e6bfd878f795162c6228ad91436e30309c56cf1eba50546eff2f8aeb3c143d02068330fa02b573784ec4f402fd50eebe46ac4315dd8db5e832af + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 26b60ae8391a6b95ffb92cb9b53e51ee775d01f050721a9a3100f74da50d2e5a7c9ef355688a87314a8abf58f62305bd0cd89e5b90741f8851c67292ba8d9dc3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.raw.xz) = 9fe2aa5b1988384f5f6306e59b70268defa8ae188e8068b8697b67db2484f19c30639072b54f79a9767f78a02fcee3ab91f8a4fbfae561f14908305174727c8b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 7df3d98195218414d4c5ac6cfd8b843946e19d8c89bb512a572215f02753852bbb7c23191d17a0a394498aba55e603413de10209c81ad345139c12e96a388106 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = c8deb0efd8610431173db3483b35607c4453f20a5a5ccc8097eeb9947f56ae37837daaa5de8d5aa3faa2dde9b995b0d72e7b07418742c9624f7a3c94f17356e0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 35abd27b62e92354cd9aafc7030412f56ba230d330ec5e8cdce87a64e6b1b7a2bcfe5634150e3c95ee0a842e70982cbce62fc77453426dbef1dae32e18c84227 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.raw.xz) = b681de8893d489285a31963e3db13de371deca67dab8a21c4d9c88b504c7a6632eb03fd6598213d9826a42a9b8eca7358a9c2a9bf9a74300260fab96a5b795a1 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vhd.xz) = f883d79d92ad0115751c94ce9220e3cd396e037e7edba229bebee34f3e184346c3c34d8cbc4409f5b0924dd0a4fe01bfac6b0d5d37ea492a91c44acf79f06247 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 34a28743164bfc587115bcdbc73aedf70133246140d5cc119957121bef3e10f1b89a172744f45ef2767b4dc5190cd7a62fc9c08f945b6edd95f5789402331347 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2.xz) = 26b60ae8391a6b95ffb92cb9b53e51ee775d01f050721a9a3100f74da50d2e5a7c9ef355688a87314a8abf58f62305bd0cd89e5b90741f8851c67292ba8d9dc3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.raw.xz) = 9fe2aa5b1988384f5f6306e59b70268defa8ae188e8068b8697b67db2484f19c30639072b54f79a9767f78a02fcee3ab91f8a4fbfae561f14908305174727c8b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vhd.xz) = 7df3d98195218414d4c5ac6cfd8b843946e19d8c89bb512a572215f02753852bbb7c23191d17a0a394498aba55e603413de10209c81ad345139c12e96a388106 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vmdk.xz) = c8deb0efd8610431173db3483b35607c4453f20a5a5ccc8097eeb9947f56ae37837daaa5de8d5aa3faa2dde9b995b0d72e7b07418742c9624f7a3c94f17356e0 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = d957fe56fb596280428328e78e9e4feae00dd361701caa79a061f9bd289eff67 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 048a8a7b3f2a283f2b3916b70a1b0154e74a595f77cf71d2a9ac35082c5d9fdd + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = c64b1d2717a4831e939f477fa186d2fa127142381f99c6ec6e338df922807de7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = fa8bfb305cf4efe784c157d3fc6164a1ac36f347b1d3122fc98cca85caada59f + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 56e2893161b1f207c5022c6b41a9512adba41815d4518b1c935b0fc5febbb8c0 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.raw.xz) = 370f105391b6fddcd3824441e41f3fc7c46739bd380ed344264dfd89fc328099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 7a66dc7e697ff8a3d72bd02df20742f0f05c72002a44cbf91b789bd641ef0ec2 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = df70e7667e6cbb718cdab793c364f14453b0fd2bb98cdb78aa430c920b6d252a + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 4d7741d5273e65dd90ab304c7ea62d800b71b1970d669ce761badd08747abb1b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.raw.xz) = 1223f7899ef6ae95bc51ba30955b131d2094d433829536e0a2c607fc78f254a8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 9bf0aab2766c512fee101beefe5dafcdf19a9834d0faa1eafe7f5f3adfe6c48d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 25ca3e9f2a96fab5b3ae04a2bfc20c0bb6da9fe165a35a822e8b28f7e61f35d1 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.qcow2.xz) = 56e2893161b1f207c5022c6b41a9512adba41815d4518b1c935b0fc5febbb8c0 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.raw.xz) = 370f105391b6fddcd3824441e41f3fc7c46739bd380ed344264dfd89fc328099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vhd.xz) = 7a66dc7e697ff8a3d72bd02df20742f0f05c72002a44cbf91b789bd641ef0ec2 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64.vmdk.xz) = df70e7667e6cbb718cdab793c364f14453b0fd2bb98cdb78aa430c920b6d252a + +.... + +=== i386 (x86): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.qcow2.xz) = c04c949910b1bb0fa69d8e91eea4313f5af3f6a4a153437413010b2d5ed17374b52c23d63dbca58eaa5f78da595cca35c507298735eca024eb8d0e13f6c181cd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.raw.xz) = c169fbafef052881e295e3e5a5a82624db47b59db98bd014901ddc0c32ed1d88c20490f40ac9cc57b3e86c841d88510089bc4409a14a0df5d204349cffb49854 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vhd.xz) = 074d4628829da82b2b8c4462dd092e180de0d2eb9f6c434c78ac350556426f482f879b5db75cfd5a4b4552f834f8cd53977bf14c931bb28434ce5ab40bf32ee6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vmdk.xz) = bfa44ace3c2f7613b86403d7155a26469cd78ecfb56b0793adaf6f265558dc901517a3ed2282b4c5dd382dfb6afe61b7dd0d8155c0b3c96dfa8680bde960bf9c + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.qcow2.xz) = f57b868e87fe6cc21e1efbadf18a43ef9c895ccbd23093718d2e1c03aed2f11b5c4b7586c424c123fb120858cebcb040df2c78567e2229c69e0609095f4f430f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.raw.xz) = 7014b30e44a43be22f67ecfd5df77f93915d09a1ba020115255b53197f0e4ed15488337423cda30874641bdb97b07c49a6e8b32787277024e2f2d2d02399c00f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vhd.xz) = d9a05b0a8449f492df5a238e8404d8383e93d92040f09389350a8edffdb5d94c7519ea206910bfa8d5c58daa7d86ff9a37c4ab4446908c38964c96edab672fb5 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 682f246883ce7ac78179186b52fb2b60b1f3653b332cc0b8f1b4e4bef1aa0420ceb728514b5343992b60b49edf10d5632106ab796b73e07f1ed4c8996eaad283 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.qcow2.xz) = c04c949910b1bb0fa69d8e91eea4313f5af3f6a4a153437413010b2d5ed17374b52c23d63dbca58eaa5f78da595cca35c507298735eca024eb8d0e13f6c181cd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.raw.xz) = c169fbafef052881e295e3e5a5a82624db47b59db98bd014901ddc0c32ed1d88c20490f40ac9cc57b3e86c841d88510089bc4409a14a0df5d204349cffb49854 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vhd.xz) = 074d4628829da82b2b8c4462dd092e180de0d2eb9f6c434c78ac350556426f482f879b5db75cfd5a4b4552f834f8cd53977bf14c931bb28434ce5ab40bf32ee6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vmdk.xz) = bfa44ace3c2f7613b86403d7155a26469cd78ecfb56b0793adaf6f265558dc901517a3ed2282b4c5dd382dfb6afe61b7dd0d8155c0b3c96dfa8680bde960bf9c + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.qcow2.xz) = fc58258a8f49689a59b9e3f954e7fbcc0391ba797bfc25aebb7704581ad7e638 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.raw.xz) = 61046f6b912c371c22cff7eb5f3408796863a79095a86358e2eb26eacdfff7b3 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vhd.xz) = c0dba5125cd9c0205359fc81b09cc5e19da6d1c0302d35720221151d4ec28247 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 9e020d0108543390477371db1d37a1c3a86f47265a9a88fbfbe45ea8a631faaf + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 43ecb528b4bf78291e0b0d3baa00af7055cc15dccba10c327288a77e613621cf + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.raw.xz) = bca77ec89ad0f26866b7bc0beab9e6e5e511a5563c0f087b40c4eeb12fccea98 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vhd.xz) = 50e7b5658e2b9e4d829e3c389bfdb1799cfdbb475919f83d7980d96b141d05a4 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386-zfs.vmdk.xz) = d5ca462275fb04b3426e179307603c10c2f602a4f26551c11745e76ae739d45d + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.qcow2.xz) = fc58258a8f49689a59b9e3f954e7fbcc0391ba797bfc25aebb7704581ad7e638 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.raw.xz) = 61046f6b912c371c22cff7eb5f3408796863a79095a86358e2eb26eacdfff7b3 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vhd.xz) = c0dba5125cd9c0205359fc81b09cc5e19da6d1c0302d35720221151d4ec28247 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-i386.vmdk.xz) = 9e020d0108543390477371db1d37a1c3a86f47265a9a88fbfbe45ea8a631faaf + +.... + +=== aarch64 (arm64): + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = a0870781153e3725280d7d54586e5cd5705e962ac7a7220567f78e1f639ad7bf9d137aa4d5a6701bc5694093919c4c7e4317b6a72b3b2941e01deb581d5772f6 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 4fc40a5b7b89f755cd7ffd90838ccf5100e0786bd40c7e3544a76abdc6827ced49f49313dc626a1d5188acd9a18455e2e21abd4f86028ece8163f05b471968e5 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 0d6915fcdd6c3e8e01671311e9ecd0cdbc70f1ae5a5ad963253b69dca1835e8a5516b96329f17d71ba2d45537ffe864203fa9be4eb71b280a1884d0613c8f234 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = 0cea3643e8132ca38166d9d71abc3fb5ed1781c6424ee3a71aab52ee1c561c81442f664658aed759472d8057c50714b6494a5bc4a49423190e0fbfcbbb297bc0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 05112940563f50744a18c14e90f9a7fc528991f62a5185067f8a224c25fe891a9f5d4b32796217741c2c5b4771a4b64b33dc3b467f01c0b1ed96866315a7b41d + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.raw.xz) = 0fb2c15e6e5cf85ba35ea7d8119f5c74965e65c76970f064413b90f355eb28abe2d26eb998e0ac405ba5347a7dbc6e582b71eb9d6e16340f0f91636c412f4f9e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vhd.xz) = d13ef22127430c0762654d2663f263e8b2d8ce020879da99e8094bf0db4112aa081a920952f64989a780e788579c2d50f9529a4c4c647b79617ab33ac411a5b3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = bb9ed6bc20a212bc592f4d9d9fdca1f4d59d7bf7026f21666abdcf311e24e6d2820a6edab04ab15a28b1557904c20a1edf6315edb77e20c2bfb9424c52fafe7f + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 7cb067a4c2029ca57e27cadd25e7871746bd73ff951517ad89c29af2e208ba894106a6d7f69c6a27649e179806d403c3e3df8ec0f4b9a011079dd07db6d56743 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.raw.xz) = 0643edf30ae603c7bc6f83d233aab4cff1e89a1fd0da297e09e2f50d975dc67c1ef6922a9fa7e50c74a35df358499bcfb2d65d0b9d01d7cf42c15eec037a7afd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 708172842fbef1961327f1070476092e988ab7a5df566b5388d967e7da36bb3870a3d402afecf1187724e9e4539d6175b356d64084b3a48e3136d6fd5975f6dd + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 63d7730ae961193e0c40e294d86ed5eb32598a708fbbc5b55c2239d42191cdbc3d43ed13658641ae9bbfef1d24beef9c6b1bdbdd6c91e5cc52c14f3ce310563b + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.qcow2.xz) = 05112940563f50744a18c14e90f9a7fc528991f62a5185067f8a224c25fe891a9f5d4b32796217741c2c5b4771a4b64b33dc3b467f01c0b1ed96866315a7b41d + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.raw.xz) = 0fb2c15e6e5cf85ba35ea7d8119f5c74965e65c76970f064413b90f355eb28abe2d26eb998e0ac405ba5347a7dbc6e582b71eb9d6e16340f0f91636c412f4f9e + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vhd.xz) = d13ef22127430c0762654d2663f263e8b2d8ce020879da99e8094bf0db4112aa081a920952f64989a780e788579c2d50f9529a4c4c647b79617ab33ac411a5b3 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vmdk.xz) = bb9ed6bc20a212bc592f4d9d9fdca1f4d59d7bf7026f21666abdcf311e24e6d2820a6edab04ab15a28b1557904c20a1edf6315edb77e20c2bfb9424c52fafe7f + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 5d889fed73cb11326fcbc4bd3357ff890cf23876a4bf017da768fc86acf86fe2 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-ufs.raw.xz) = 82e97f6ef761a1ce181d1c768ae87a51b9eb4a6888796e28a126b9079f88b6d7 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 783e0293dfacdc155fc1903bc2dd830e4a13767d8fe3cb78de6b0d257faf7259 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz) = 9b4de54cf54d825630a7418919e44e9a5a6f51d758b377b6df41cf3974d1b615 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 90a3a025dda469ed61b1582b61b3a5015cbbdf8a3bcc741e16648683175d61bc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.raw.xz) = 9b28d7eab208dfd7dc8da53960875831784015a3b96c42494b0750e607812525 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 1dc6047ac1ed24564cf27c0b3e3262e1b8afc413c10b0c23fcecbafb13d8eff8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 3a6210a53ccd919cf080e77b36fd87639b1636e8e35fe2cbad46cae404761750 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 9fd11e1b3d4035609bce6bcdf30eb3c4aba74db1d88d3461ebe6028679f18edb + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.raw.xz) = 6f15977faa58a55d7024692236e0f2c08259172f4d6247ae163dadf168adcbfb + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 55a59b5150bc4cbbe72f4512933b20d37db4dc7e9935d9c7c176ffb6c0d67b86 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 2568cabf3d2d0af5ec53ea5b4d8f0d413a6da07a015977205519eb7ea3dac733 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.qcow2.xz) = 90a3a025dda469ed61b1582b61b3a5015cbbdf8a3bcc741e16648683175d61bc + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.raw.xz) = 9b28d7eab208dfd7dc8da53960875831784015a3b96c42494b0750e607812525 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vhd.xz) = 1dc6047ac1ed24564cf27c0b3e3262e1b8afc413c10b0c23fcecbafb13d8eff8 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64.vmdk.xz) = 3a6210a53ccd919cf080e77b36fd87639b1636e8e35fe2cbad46cae404761750 + +.... + +=== riscv64: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = a1588d5a6e353787964ec15e3082c8241745162aa172f0f85cc97ee7621692250aa5dfe9ed1a311913fac0238ad356dfb81ef42a0cc43ff95690c78e6769e6de + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.raw.xz) = a138338e55dd587c49a2df079af19a58d871d54e2ff4c106db6e6fef3dd9588595bcc2850afabc006e6a3084defa4fe80cbd57130b873e7018c9f708b92eecad + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vhd.xz) = ac5d999d43499de78c8b910de6e11d75688e84ee9ff18cf9334ede3b062442b48d34fa6e5fe6977f923fcf5fbb9b6eeb530c8059171ac1b0d7972528b8c5fd55 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = db5f309074f2deeb87ae6ce578e601eca5254ff01e78a0c64b2a25828069d384033f816e8b53f920bdbd23e5dd44d010a82b458df4f9e278f7d624d740830513 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = 168c2c496eaed3724b9a41255c03c1af47a7882bd8a7ab6db94632253b180ab609aaf2bf0d848590b69a726a6d2cf111de2653ea09b10c823104ca9409b7f261 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.raw.xz) = d6ca4476ad1d622cd593f97a7a2ac3910cbf3f8ddf714fa5de5f2aaa854a3f878d0544c3847d2aa1b3c68bc65a58f1884cd01eba5d03dd42b3b8a6543134b6e0 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vhd.xz) = 9a17e37831e753ad076a84f12e83dba22ab512dcf5a45bad240bb72d18001d0cca23c5f11a4d25a5e048839b9613f2d936a5d18f32f7e2970cb551a311595255 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = f15a29a6c7fd549fb481254f09c705806d58c8de05ea7e012de715091f2681c71315f21643c0cbe74d7916251d982f87954708b2c244b14a2dce5b7a23772313 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.qcow2.xz) = a1588d5a6e353787964ec15e3082c8241745162aa172f0f85cc97ee7621692250aa5dfe9ed1a311913fac0238ad356dfb81ef42a0cc43ff95690c78e6769e6de + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.raw.xz) = a138338e55dd587c49a2df079af19a58d871d54e2ff4c106db6e6fef3dd9588595bcc2850afabc006e6a3084defa4fe80cbd57130b873e7018c9f708b92eecad + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vhd.xz) = ac5d999d43499de78c8b910de6e11d75688e84ee9ff18cf9334ede3b062442b48d34fa6e5fe6977f923fcf5fbb9b6eeb530c8059171ac1b0d7972528b8c5fd55 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vmdk.xz) = db5f309074f2deeb87ae6ce578e601eca5254ff01e78a0c64b2a25828069d384033f816e8b53f920bdbd23e5dd44d010a82b458df4f9e278f7d624d740830513 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.qcow2.xz) = 26cd996ec53a9569e6030eba593e6e8eba617c029aa817c828a49072cc166099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.raw.xz) = af19c39e3382171277fa4cf745355a472717dd784771464f3307c33dcb6b7830 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vhd.xz) = 5a53f3574b652500da38c6202af63bec76d70e51aa0af6c0a55b020e6061add5 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-ufs.vmdk.xz) = 3d595b490d4e1fcc6d4ba3611939c3c274faccb216c03b8671b4b0ba5415d8ad + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.qcow2.xz) = b9cd25d74ae9d508ecf5d49ac26649936b1ba0baeeb3437c5625465404d5c542 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.raw.xz) = 5807888b44261aa9bbfc30fae1b4397a5bc0bda6f46583bfab54a67cb0112576 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vhd.xz) = b03230738554beafcdd8aa6f0d3102186d47f94d0ccb1daf55fe7a8df59b6740 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64-zfs.vmdk.xz) = 340c8f798f70daf3a90e1d8919efb0917efa157973d99d0154baee7f7a51ae09 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.qcow2.xz) = 26cd996ec53a9569e6030eba593e6e8eba617c029aa817c828a49072cc166099 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.raw.xz) = af19c39e3382171277fa4cf745355a472717dd784771464f3307c33dcb6b7830 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vhd.xz) = 5a53f3574b652500da38c6202af63bec76d70e51aa0af6c0a55b020e6061add5 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-riscv-riscv64.vmdk.xz) = 3d595b490d4e1fcc6d4ba3611939c3c274faccb216c03b8671b4b0ba5415d8ad + +.... + +=== amd64 (x86_64) BASIC-CI: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = ce57a9ec6f68735f57369b3db54b0278456e1944579cd52f9e6a84a15cbf2ea5eb5d4c0a26a67dd49b6eccd1d3c024f1e5daed0be9c1827bc4078ec6fd88f3e7 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = ce57a9ec6f68735f57369b3db54b0278456e1944579cd52f9e6a84a15cbf2ea5eb5d4c0a26a67dd49b6eccd1d3c024f1e5daed0be9c1827bc4078ec6fd88f3e7 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = 627937af554eb6522891875ddc8cf5b86b40e9a12143c1b951f830b3f691de49 + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = 627937af554eb6522891875ddc8cf5b86b40e9a12143c1b951f830b3f691de49 + +.... + +=== aarch64 (arm64) BASIC-CI: + +.... + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = 490a8a529cecd629c1f07e9d2c83062781f0737e6e7a9b2ac28bd3f7dee537f04250ef08c9979bd9660d20ebcdd295735f7a9a83a5fe0a7c466d1c3f3080ffe7 + SHA512 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = 490a8a529cecd629c1f07e9d2c83062781f0737e6e7a9b2ac28bd3f7dee537f04250ef08c9979bd9660d20ebcdd295735f7a9a83a5fe0a7c466d1c3f3080ffe7 + + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI-ufs.raw.xz) = 7654109696015cae14267eee4d04be904a3c17a3a2bedcb872ef015343eeda2b + SHA256 (FreeBSD-14.4-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CI.raw.xz) = 7654109696015cae14267eee4d04be904a3c17a3a2bedcb872ef015343eeda2b + *** 28349 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Tue Mar 10 06:19:08 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVNxs4KSKz6VjCq for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 06:19:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) 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ukfjhn9adZro+NaaBFiuDf721FyBJmVNcUKVSSLQt6b0f7SfRReyszRIWu/DIw== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVNxs3LzDz10xw for ; Tue, 10 Mar 2026 06:19:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 22d03 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Tue, 10 Mar 2026 06:19:08 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: c56325c03e - main - ru/releases: type fix in Russian translation List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: c56325c03e32f88aba61c970dc36bd55a1306b8c Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 06:19:08 +0000 Message-Id: <69afb7dc.22d03.78820e1@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=c56325c03e32f88aba61c970dc36bd55a1306b8c commit c56325c03e32f88aba61c970dc36bd55a1306b8c Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-10 06:18:27 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-10 06:18:27 +0000 ru/releases: type fix in Russian translation --- website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc b/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc index 7e9e91dec0..0311d5e455 100644 --- a/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc +++ b/website/content/ru/releases/14.4R/relnotes.adoc @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ --- -title: "Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ FreeBSD 15.4-RELEASE" +title: "Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE" sidenav: download --- From nobody Wed Mar 11 00:51:58 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVsdw1Mhwz6VRC5 for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:52:04 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fVsdw0jFkz3y4M for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:52:04 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[IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fVsdw0F28zcmD for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:52:04 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 1d971 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:51:58 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Alexander Ziaee Subject: git: 5af0ae1ab0 - main - 14.4/errata: Loader regression fixed in main List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: ziaee X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 5af0ae1ab088a0ad86f7ac2fcf36547cb5662406 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:51:58 +0000 Message-Id: <69b0bcae.1d971.3fa1c421@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by ziaee: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=5af0ae1ab088a0ad86f7ac2fcf36547cb5662406 commit 5af0ae1ab088a0ad86f7ac2fcf36547cb5662406 Author: Alexander Ziaee AuthorDate: 2026-03-11 00:51:06 +0000 Commit: Alexander Ziaee CommitDate: 2026-03-11 00:51:10 +0000 14.4/errata: Loader regression fixed in main Reported by: leres --- website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc index 8305fbcafb..0404bd3ba2 100644 --- a/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc +++ b/website/content/en/releases/14.4R/errata.adoc @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ For a list of all FreeBSD CERT security advisories, see https://www.FreeBSD.org/ 2. **man:loader_lua[8]** A regression in the boot loader scripts causes the wrong kernel to be selected if /boot/kernel is a symlink. + **Workaround**: Disable automatic kernel detection by adding kernels_autodetect="NO" to [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#. + -**State**: open - https://bugs.freebsd.org/293654 + +**State**: fixed in main - https://bugs.freebsd.org/293654 + [[late-news]] == Late-Breaking News From nobody Wed Mar 11 12:14:49 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fW8nj3MBgz6V4rg for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 12:14:49 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) 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List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: jkoshy X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: fb15601c35da2c4ced865f7453b029e068943721 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 12:14:49 +0000 Message-Id: <69b15cb9.204bc.4ccf226@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by jkoshy: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=fb15601c35da2c4ced865f7453b029e068943721 commit fb15601c35da2c4ced865f7453b029e068943721 Author: Joseph Koshy AuthorDate: 2026-03-11 12:14:02 +0000 Commit: Joseph Koshy CommitDate: 2026-03-11 12:14:02 +0000 Update PGP keys. --- documentation/static/pgpkeys/jkoshy.key | 175 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 124 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/static/pgpkeys/jkoshy.key b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/jkoshy.key index fa67bae8d9..664ada936f 100644 --- a/documentation/static/pgpkeys/jkoshy.key +++ b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/jkoshy.key @@ -4,13 +4,16 @@ .... pub dsa1024/ABB86ED3D93798B6 2001-12-21 [SCA] Key fingerprint = 0DE3 62F3 EF24 939F 62AA 2E3D ABB8 6ED3 D937 98B6 +uid Joseph Koshy (Gmail) uid Joseph Koshy (FreeBSD) -sub elg1024/F8E93D4F43FD68E9 2001-12-21 [E] +uid Joseph Koshy (SourceForge) +uid Joseph Koshy (NetBSD) +sub elg1024/F8E93D4F43FD68E9 2001-12-21 [ER] -pub rsa3072/3304E1EA21BF01DF 2023-02-17 [SC] [expires: 2026-02-16] +pub rsa3072/3304E1EA21BF01DF 2023-02-17 [SC] [expires: 2031-03-10] Key fingerprint = BDC7 74CB D0B7 38A9 CA1D EDEB 3304 E1EA 21BF 01DF uid Joseph Koshy -sub rsa3072/8B34C9A594327909 2023-02-17 [E] [expires: 2026-02-16] +sub 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From nobody Wed Mar 11 14:45:43 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fWD7x0HDsz6VHKT for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 14:45:49 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fWD7w4lSvz3C16 for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 14:45:48 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773240348; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=l/rESXoVzu/NthAYj2ySdGlKfYv9Xx3zKzwrng41HF4=; b=nFqyU46K2RoficnQdtf+0Da71dz5GG9y+3arxWlP/KRvHsBaICxSSHWlq7+VkXEbIH+X47 LdmiYz3gGVMkEP4EMVvLvAEvHQs9PI6pIs1pW9lEfWjY77PNdacIOyKIpmENTBchZMULxy 83izutRqmrHT1ZYlVyt718f0FTkRrGWHVxx3F9Bm/u5l60KmsIOAgNRO5OL0jrTrVReNzp QbCYdcj9C0Swf7f2ZvKvxe2NOQDfv0lRcyinaK2AZffEGBjUJvCMCePBW2j7y+v+qIXI31 qHO2uUYpxfYpUD4tpdSEALoPyGbIUJ2ve+sD9D5pUuG+3Sh29LNud/Z9YxkxDA== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773240348; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=yhE8D+VOiLltN4TihlNWZ+N/pkcJNmuwKr/73H14EahnLDnNkKR5wg+wiGz7CRgeTP7stW 81s8KWlHhogJW2Y99RsL5MERFmLBWbSZMptUierKKi2YaN59kebt+jl8No0cbGDWk3FXeJ hxu1W0sF4EhuIyvpGQxaz4hNhP67A/k5Dx94fYLR0R79wzkFNeyrK9VQIOP/o8QELEjAvZ bfdf9sFC9R1GDJwlaC8WURIA6SECpfAl+zwfxyGwW0KmqleWPKAmdClnhF6EPwlEEcGUMU EhWHGkoXAp0oL/vUZdNiFBsmvjblzoLsFQVVVQ4Xwdy5BpvhRifcm1kSCQnVAw== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773240348; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=l/rESXoVzu/NthAYj2ySdGlKfYv9Xx3zKzwrng41HF4=; b=GGt06Y0hSYuhOzimtyOu+p+crjUm4aCHLcqiT936z3qYHLPbsgBcCJWBTOymZCyP/l+SiN 9u6lkgH9g3629+cSwYLiw/uxmc8wFv72MnA51PFQCt1xl0qLDmhFRNAaswl6YJ2jGBq8Dd KUVl9x+TEwvdQGFwnDu2E+sxxbPjW8bVbA8nYK75suH1ADNqfN9EO32l4LfbK13qUo5JEg b3pCncmTmGl8znZjlEHN+gXrftO3hBeoBDO98fhXRauE2lAv5k1u5a5mD571qKthFo3g/v 6OmWi2IwnxyCFjyvxoyJZcAX6oEpMoStcS4iFfU9VQtYlHa9pVJ9LiDTuIaiuA== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fWD7w4C0Wz13Mw for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 14:45:48 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 38a09 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Wed, 11 Mar 2026 14:45:43 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org Cc: Youssef Dietel From: Alexander Ziaee Subject: git: 9a387f2644 - main - handbook/kernelconfig: Fix grammar typo List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: ziaee X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 9a387f2644b0ac3be3daefe4c7d9d8f4c949a1a8 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 14:45:43 +0000 Message-Id: <69b18017.38a09.27cbce4b@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by ziaee: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=9a387f2644b0ac3be3daefe4c7d9d8f4c949a1a8 commit 9a387f2644b0ac3be3daefe4c7d9d8f4c949a1a8 Author: Youssef Dietel AuthorDate: 2026-02-27 21:25:28 +0000 Commit: Alexander Ziaee CommitDate: 2026-03-11 14:44:02 +0000 handbook/kernelconfig: Fix grammar typo Reviewed by: ziaee Signed-off-by: Youssef Dietel Closes: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-doc/pull/616 --- documentation/content/en/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.adoc | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.adoc index aa8e845f14..7f028f7a08 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.adoc @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ The format of the kernel configuration file is simple. Each line contains a keyword that represents a device or subsystem, an argument, and a brief description. Any text after a `+#+` is considered a comment and ignored. To remove kernel support for a device or subsystem, put a `+#+` at the beginning of the line representing that device or subsystem. -Do not add or remove a `+#+` for any line that is not understand. +Refrain from adding or removing a `+#+` for any line you do not fully understand. [WARNING] ==== From nobody Wed Mar 11 21:36:52 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fWPGK2mxZz6V3rL for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 21:36:57 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fWPGK2FH5z47xy for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 21:36:57 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773265017; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=V/MEtWM7Q1zZWn1xY2fUInUgd6IJ0Ud7iiXJhA9rmcU=; b=A5BxMHSf4703cfvdQpgRMuE/0007CxSvM1yqpYAPwIy+s7b2QvALtHbdUluc38yEv2nEYy GIgq6Sa7voO/4R5NZ1XyhG7tToDHUf69IqWJ5/qXll7PzpvydBSlqOaTQDycegBv7EMcca X5Tw7C5HK2fR48nVWC8OKn8UMjegPMPoqnX6uRNg2jkvdhj3KW9DeOFyfCbPklm4f9/IwH 4z9xkPNssE3krwY21BGN2G64mYoKiMmEOnFJ8nPCIfxgBd8kQCab15bhmsLGgzSk3/uYUj acHagztejFzWA6oUNFji8NjuBVCy2LgJMOlOveYJoO+msvJFmU94Vw54mIMBzg== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773265017; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=fWSHxixoTddoLvzBRgkllg0oXqbpVrm3dSmxpoH49m2+fTFklUIwCwt3uXUCTPNTFZ9ICX Z+5f8uUOCRnD1cEUfBTbRuunVStzFNsZn/Am13ubFKlvZFugDJLsMXYQWbWw0uPpo79tpf x4ZqFcqGmr5Jcu0OtU6pjC5E7WPlWsYgZS5zR4Ijw8DVGUvDNgn+dzXcoN+dGHzqGLC2xs PgVlKVp83UmrNWxXyh/qsN6JESem7zm1tO9OM/wFv4+JskFlXd5PlZbIh6T5eZHcffOTuW xSj9nkCDiZqxSgETPmsNcfL7DQ9WWs2GK+b7EHBHVcPwGtqWUv76ESX+eNuZiQ== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773265017; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=V/MEtWM7Q1zZWn1xY2fUInUgd6IJ0Ud7iiXJhA9rmcU=; b=yStU/w7QTNxsGiwBxIKX64S8X9vnRMw/uH/ciHMGzi7pl/cd+62eSzjmJvCFky1+6GXv3j iFqCi5avzyWc0cFCcM7UITvjnPGjdS19f6LsFGnpKS3E+NtLL4j7dUQi0A8+5PkI52PeYs TntehOH103qLr5BMDHdqFSf/c7y/mHP8+72ILCgbAaiSbaTm4Sg7sKatbgNRCNqOYzuznk HV2Lj/l5cKvRMTCgsTeyaVbKvpbmnsRUfFNnP2NcN5lCB/1v9GLIac2r87BCEsMoiGlyQf ZpqtLu83dp5FWcegycFm+1zmHgkBjqylR+ytqcAFztFFC3+wwQsUl+DXSOt1GQ== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fWPGK1pG2z1l8 for ; Wed, 11 Mar 2026 21:36:57 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 3b925 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Wed, 11 Mar 2026 21:36:52 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Garance A Drosehn Subject: git: d83adc4098 - main - Update my PGP key, in case anyone looks here for it. List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: gad X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: d83adc40985ba9c62cea02d3f31c5bf43cbe9b26 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2026 21:36:52 +0000 Message-Id: <69b1e074.3b925.5068039f@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by gad: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=d83adc40985ba9c62cea02d3f31c5bf43cbe9b26 commit d83adc40985ba9c62cea02d3f31c5bf43cbe9b26 Author: Garance A Drosehn AuthorDate: 2026-03-11 20:36:39 +0000 Commit: Garance A Drosehn CommitDate: 2026-03-11 20:36:39 +0000 Update my PGP key, in case anyone looks here for it. Cue the song "Signs of Life" from Pink Floyd. I haven't dropped off the earth just yet, although it's been awhile since I updated my PGP key in the official documentation. NB: This key includes my email address at Proton, but right now this PGP key won't work if you use it when sending mail to that account. I still need to figure out how to fix that. --- documentation/static/pgpkeys/gad.key | 143 +++++++++++++++++++---------------- 1 file changed, 79 insertions(+), 64 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/static/pgpkeys/gad.key b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/gad.key index 036cea332b..a31dcb99fe 100644 --- a/documentation/static/pgpkeys/gad.key +++ b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/gad.key @@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ [.literal-block-margin] .... -pub 4096R/CBBBB1AECCAC052F 2015-04-25 [expires: 2022-06-25] +pub 4096R/CBBBB1AECCAC052F 2015-04-25 [expires: 2028-10-16] Key fingerprint = BF87 9EE6 2DBE 97B7 3039 1EF9 CBBB B1AE CCAC 052F uid Garance Alistair Drosehn uid Garance Alistair Drosehn uid Garance Alistair Drosehn -sub 4096R/77B88ECC2BF0AC18 2015-04-25 [expires: 2021-03-15] +uid Garance AP Drosehn +sub 4096R/77B88ECC2BF0AC18 2015-04-25 [expires: 2028-10-16] + Key fingerprint = 844D BA81 AC32 A7E9 D63E 417E 77B8 8ECC 2BF0 AC18 .... @@ -28,73 +30,86 @@ 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https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 63dfaea2e2fb383d06b63868dff0316308ed1f82 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Thu, 12 Mar 2026 04:11:20 +0000 Message-Id: <69b23ce8.45528.99ac21c@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=63dfaea2e2fb383d06b63868dff0316308ed1f82 commit 63dfaea2e2fb383d06b63868dff0316308ed1f82 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-12 04:10:41 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-12 04:10:41 +0000 handbook/jails: fix link link fixed according to address in Makefile Approved by: doceng (implicit) PR: 293682 --- documentation/content/en/books/handbook/jails/_index.adoc | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/jails/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/jails/_index.adoc index 302791d767..10ecf79d45 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/jails/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/jails/_index.adoc @@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@ Below is an incomplete list of the different FreeBSD Jail managers: | cbsd | BSD-2 | package:sysutils/cbsd[] -| link:https://www.bsdstore.ru/en/docs.html[Documentation] +| link:https://github.com/cbsd/cbsd[Documentation] | AppJail | BSD-3 From nobody Fri Mar 13 05:34:33 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fXCpy0X0Xz6VSNX for ; Fri, 13 Mar 2026 05:34:34 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from 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bh=sCQqXlFGlo+u/gnhho+Ruf2xMDfvlmdaDsLllgv57ek=; b=wT+76T9PkUmd8ZrX0/SidqmbTWpePMq3TQmdW9ppdzpveiDiAlbzFL08AkM0Mth/pvGANX Q7zU3gSqLdLCD/nPS8k1JXpkdeMxNrsZLJGqzl3SVqm63vOgOK/1TkcszreBxhzEDQcizZ WpzPQzO9zbOO8P0WMq+ymJGZmt/IH0pCrk8p7UBX1i2XvmlZVeZFGXGPJD1WDS+vpoXgrj rxUrhZ7oB28oNIag4fBBD0inc92U/4ZTIEVdXd4iOAqAkURDhAJgbG1zbaAAWmVwRGqwkl gIbRBZIkf8NUqNvwW1RIDtGiqBazcFfS+rJTGiVp1dESz7YKH0sge/E3QKZUHg== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fXCpx5vdlz32J for ; Fri, 13 Mar 2026 05:34:33 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 1cfe9 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Fri, 13 Mar 2026 05:34:33 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Ruey-Cherng Yu Subject: git: 95051cc0fd - main - traditional Chinese Translation of the latest news items (November and December 2025) List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: rcyu X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 95051cc0fd986db1d1d3753219910907ea5064da Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Fri, 13 Mar 2026 05:34:33 +0000 Message-Id: <69b3a1e9.1cfe9.6c9421@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by rcyu: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=95051cc0fd986db1d1d3753219910907ea5064da commit 95051cc0fd986db1d1d3753219910907ea5064da Author: Ruey-Cherng Yu AuthorDate: 2026-03-13 05:31:30 +0000 Commit: Ruey-Cherng Yu CommitDate: 2026-03-13 05:31:30 +0000 traditional Chinese Translation of the latest news items (November and December 2025) --- website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml | 52 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+) diff --git a/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml b/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml index 359df492c1..eca196af9d 100644 --- a/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml +++ b/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml @@ -1,5 +1,57 @@ # Sort news by year, month and day # $FreeBSD$ +[[news]] +date = "2025-12-16" +description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: Johan SΓΆllvander (src)" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-12-15" +description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: John Hall (src)" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-12-03" +description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: Timothy Pearson (src)" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-12-02" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE現已發布了。ε‰θ£ε‰οΌŒθ«‹ζŸ₯ηœ‹ η™ΌεΈƒι€šηŸ₯ε’Œ η™Όθ‘Œε‹˜θͺ€δ»₯了解 15.0 ηš„ζœ€ζ–°ζΆˆζ―ε’Œε•ι‘Œγ€‚ζ›΄ε€šθ³‡θ¨Šε―ζŸ₯ηœ‹ η™Όθ‘Œη‰ˆθ³‡θ¨Šι ι’γ€‚" + +[[news]] +date= "2025-11-30" +title = "2025 η¬¬δΈ‰ε­£ι–‹η™Όι€²εΊ¦ε ±ε‘Šη™ΌεΈƒ" +description = "The July to September Status Report is now available with 36 entries." + +[[news]] +date = "2025-11-26" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-RC4 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0ηš„η¬¬ε››ε€‹ε€™ιΈη™ΌεΈƒη‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、armv7、aarch64、powerpc64、powerpc64leε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-11-22" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-RC3 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0ηš„η¬¬δΈ‰ε€‹ε€™ιΈη™ΌεΈƒη‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、armv7、aarch64、powerpc64、powerpc64leε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-11-19" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-RC2 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0ηš„η¬¬δΊŒε€‹ε€™ιΈη™ΌεΈƒη‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、armv7、aarch64、powerpc64、powerpc64leε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-11-17" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-RC1 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0ηš„η¬¬δΈ€ε€‹ε€™ιΈη™ΌεΈƒη‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、armv7、aarch64、powerpc64、powerpc64leε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-11-07" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-BETA5 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0 ηš„η¬¬δΊ”ε€‹ BETA η‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、armv7、powerpc64、powerpc64leε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2025-11-01" +title = "FreeBSD 15.0-BETA4 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 15.0 ηš„η¬¬ε››ε€‹ BETA η‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、armv7、powerpc64、powerpc64leε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + [[news]] date = "2025-10-25" title = "FreeBSD 15.0-BETA3 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" From nobody Fri Mar 13 06:12:35 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by 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to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=y0A8Dut3jmmC0CST8yM2Umejo7MVIHVHnr2qPdMUDPM=; b=Aq61fXcStLbu0AcC751FBQK3E32774bFezM5ZH3IW7L0rmGGHYD7jibT41qhDuAT2jrX1V EMurs3HwSnAXrozgYiPMH5PnfVPIZVlPJwrZbT2+Go6fyvVHxwoZ6XFxSCflumIVSZu/TP xj3/aaLUSopqQ8GHezi48j+miXVM/Wic7ZfPh/9BMs26+0MN5ldRNXfjn/rh2+Qr789SAy qIYfBkoxdCFlQNBc4zcBgIblUTL1QLhrlZJ6X+TYIT9xPf8NdqLv24enT5Pa3cxHiLt8BD NCs9WCbVavGxEy9Ac/zXTHijPbv6YMMNBH6SM0XKk3ktM6DW16QEIFp99Y4mgA== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fXDfq4h1sz4Z4 for ; Fri, 13 Mar 2026 06:12:35 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 24476 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Fri, 13 Mar 2026 06:12:35 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Ruey-Cherng Yu Subject: git: 407a24234c - main - traditional Chinese Translation of the latest news items (January and February 2026) List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: rcyu X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 407a24234c2f99215087920681a0953d29eaa728 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Fri, 13 Mar 2026 06:12:35 +0000 Message-Id: <69b3aad3.24476.480f2c1b@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by rcyu: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=407a24234c2f99215087920681a0953d29eaa728 commit 407a24234c2f99215087920681a0953d29eaa728 Author: Ruey-Cherng Yu AuthorDate: 2026-03-13 06:08:34 +0000 Commit: Ruey-Cherng Yu CommitDate: 2026-03-13 06:08:34 +0000 traditional Chinese Translation of the latest news items (January and February 2026) --- website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 43 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml b/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml index eca196af9d..a74048eeba 100644 --- a/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml +++ b/website/data/zh-tw/news/news.toml @@ -1,5 +1,47 @@ # Sort news by year, month and day # $FreeBSD$ +[[news]] +date = "2026-03-10" +title = "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE現已發布了。ε‰θ£ε‰οΌŒθ«‹ζŸ₯ηœ‹ η™ΌεΈƒι€šηŸ₯ε’Œ η™Όθ‘Œε‹˜θͺ€δ»₯了解 14.4 ηš„ζœ€ζ–°ζΆˆζ―ε’Œε•ι‘Œγ€‚ζ›΄ε€šθ³‡θ¨Šε―ζŸ₯ηœ‹ η™Όθ‘Œη‰ˆθ³‡θ¨Šι ι’γ€‚" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-02-28" +title = "FreeBSD 14.4-RC1 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 14.4ηš„η¬¬δΈ€ε€‹ε€™ιΈη™ΌεΈƒη‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、i386、powerpc、powerpc64、powerpc64le、powerpcspe、armv6、armv7、aarch64ε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date= "2026-02-22" +title = "2025 η¬¬ε››ε­£ι–‹η™Όι€²εΊ¦ε ±ε‘Šη™ΌεΈƒ" +description = "2025 η¬¬ε››ε­£ι–‹η™Όι€²εΊ¦ε ±ε‘Šη™ΌεΈƒ 28則撝η›ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-02-22" +title = "FreeBSD 14.4-BETA3 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 14.4 ηš„η¬¬δΈ‰ε€‹ BETA η‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、i386、powerpc、powerpc64、powerpc64le、powerpcspe、armv6、armv7、aarch64ε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-02-18" +description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: Yusuf Yaman (ports)" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-02-15" +title = "FreeBSD 14.4-BETA2 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 14.4 ηš„η¬¬δΊŒε€‹ BETA η‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、i386、powerpc、powerpc64、powerpc64le、powerpcspe、armv6、armv7、aarch64ε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-02-08" +title = "FreeBSD 14.4-BETA1 η™ΌεΈƒδΊ†" +description = "FreeBSD 14.4 ηš„η¬¬δΈ€ε€‹ BETA η‰ˆζœ¬ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚η”¨ζ–Ό amd64、i386、powerpc、powerpc64、powerpc64le、powerpcspe、armv6、armv7、aarch64ε’Œ riscv64 ηš„ ISO ζ˜ εƒζͺ”ζ‘ˆε·²ηΆ“ η™ΌεΈƒοΌŒε―δ»₯εœ¨ε€šζ•Έηš„ FreeBSD 鏑像站取得。" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-01-10" +description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: Pouria Mousavizadeh Tehrani (src)" + +[[news]] +date = "2026-01-09" +description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: Siva Mahadevan (src)" + [[news]] date = "2025-12-16" description = "ζ–°δ»» committer: Johan SΓΆllvander (src)" @@ -20,7 +62,7 @@ description = "Free [[news]] date= "2025-11-30" title = "2025 η¬¬δΈ‰ε­£ι–‹η™Όι€²εΊ¦ε ±ε‘Šη™ΌεΈƒ" -description = "The July to September Status Report is now available with 36 entries." +description = "2025 η¬¬δΈ‰ε­£ι–‹η™Όι€²εΊ¦ε ±ε‘Šη™ΌεΈƒ 36則撝η›ηΎε·²η™ΌεΈƒγ€‚" [[news]] date = "2025-11-26" From nobody Sat Mar 14 12:05:51 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org 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doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: MANTANI Nobutaka Subject: git: a3f5dd4819 - main - Add Michihiro Satoh to the list List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: nobutaka X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: a3f5dd48193f5a62a391f6cb392141e2c39f992c Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sat, 14 Mar 2026 12:05:51 +0000 Message-Id: <69b54f1f.306be.139d9625@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by nobutaka: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=a3f5dd48193f5a62a391f6cb392141e2c39f992c commit a3f5dd48193f5a62a391f6cb392141e2c39f992c Author: MANTANI Nobutaka AuthorDate: 2026-03-14 12:02:43 +0000 Commit: MANTANI Nobutaka CommitDate: 2026-03-14 12:02:43 +0000 Add Michihiro Satoh to the list --- shared/contrib-additional.adoc | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/shared/contrib-additional.adoc b/shared/contrib-additional.adoc index 08f08fdd1b..d3fd24526b 100644 --- a/shared/contrib-additional.adoc +++ b/shared/contrib-additional.adoc @@ -1494,6 +1494,7 @@ * Michel LavondΓ©s * Michele Possamai * Michelle Sullivan +* Michihiro Satoh * Michio Karl Jinbo * Micho Durdevich * Mickael Maillot From nobody Sat Mar 14 15:17:40 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fY4jP5NqCz6T48f for ; Sat, 14 Mar 2026 15:17:45 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher 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List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: laurent X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 661a0f511de1e4cf50b2485075e1ae13c9197ac2 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sat, 14 Mar 2026 15:17:40 +0000 Message-Id: <69b57c14.438b8.3db9fa24@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by laurent: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=661a0f511de1e4cf50b2485075e1ae13c9197ac2 commit 661a0f511de1e4cf50b2485075e1ae13c9197ac2 Author: Laurent Chardon AuthorDate: 2026-03-14 08:25:24 +0000 Commit: Laurent Chardon CommitDate: 2026-03-14 15:12:34 +0000 new committer (ports): Laurent Chardon (laurent) Complete steps 1-4 for new committers from the committer's guide Reviewed by: thierry (mentor) Approved by: thierry (mentor) Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55854 --- .../content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc | 3 ++ documentation/static/pgpkeys/laurent.key | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++ shared/authors.adoc | 4 ++ shared/contrib-committers.adoc | 1 + website/data/en/news/news.toml | 4 ++ 5 files changed, 56 insertions(+) diff --git a/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc index 41e3404eee..10ce8a6b33 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc @@ -258,6 +258,9 @@ include::{include-path}br.key[] === `{jch}` include::{include-path}jch.key[] +=== `{laurent}` +include::{include-path}laurent.key[] + === `{jchandra}` include::{include-path}jchandra.key[] diff --git a/documentation/static/pgpkeys/laurent.key b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/laurent.key new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7c21628df8 --- /dev/null +++ b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/laurent.key @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +// sh addkey.sh laurent 506CC3C152332341 ; + +[.literal-block-margin] +.... +pub rsa2048/506CC3C152332341 2026-03-08 [SC] [expires: 2029-03-07] + Key fingerprint = FE2E 179D 35BD 9C8E AF32 048B 506C C3C1 5233 2341 +uid Laurent Chardon +sub rsa2048/33F09D6E177C7328 2026-03-08 [E] [expires: 2029-03-07] + +.... + +[.literal-block-margin] +.... +-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- + +mQENBGmtfdMBCAC7XyQ6Oo7vIx8mkQ/s2Xu69YNwa9TlVLtJknxy1JvKiEIj8HJM +KHnMc2dL+kLLH1/BVOK9AD42iv1GfMq58JoeH2Rt5T8vofvY30CDc0KR3T/aROt7 +R/mCIvSczu0HbLmKNsA1NDmt7YXbolo8ecIT/hEB5YsIiABZyXsWkt501aTy7N4K +Il7ucuTae58wMaV5iOpkRaAW+Cd3zrq73OJQNMJZrRgEs5/1MSaimroNl3uKgmPA +9nXnadrjHfwyDOOlPHHLhop+MinFGfMPzS1NedjyxgBmuYYV9vz5ehAeOwtmamRK +LgjYJiGDf+Z+cyT60Fn7VCjhpQem/ArnxQSdABEBAAG0JUxhdXJlbnQgQ2hhcmRv +biA8bGF1cmVudEBmcmVlYnNkLm9yZz6JAVcEEwEIAEEWIQT+LhedNb2cjq8yBItQ +bMPBUjMjQQUCaa190wIbAwUJBaOagAgLCQ0IDAcLAwUVCgkICwUWAwIBAAIeBQIX +gAAKCRBQbMPBUjMjQUW8B/4g/T1/3KcQ1fhJgr8pT3uLUsjQaER+yNfKUSmeGbjS +SgwALEV0eQMW6LukJ4FPfyfa8cIpddBzr5AM7wVM/+U2W7qZnR87zpSIydIQXV3f +OS7uodtLnacOZtyuniRvWzzpyCVyKm4ReLN4FpheQC/7gOU4nbP/w2TaTYPkB8Hw +Chk+OLMNyRmE+MbdnCSckqGbjzDbS9q2NdtXmClMjqAMz3jOmW6hF2PqQ8DZLLL2 +NC+l0QHFhFSRJ4M/AwO91OVrpzRcAjyOjSsxlTXLS2u9651SV+OGK1uYKnukp9kr +j7Rz/4I+UrdgCoHksptwXgJiiVrM8JQDGw4wyAepqHUhuQENBGmtfdMBCAC8JPhF +6+ADHitvmsadF/pX/d7YpThGCHMXJn7PfeLgiEc+1fiBMubzxX/at1IVlH7+fn9e +AtwXtPkJ2dosngD6j421t1fKoNRW0uaagQXn3VG8+/AlEFrOSfYb6r2gTkGNfDyN +0P+w8ZT6vu0ZcQOcaqOqPk9UjmxtXI0NjtE9m7FZQnAcPqn9gWR2QHOV1FUSgzXr +xVd9BTyGJuirU2wBTPhATM68NKAh1ignu0MZtUDfcsmzWvdUEahyUca+gHL1ipTz +E6h2TiUsNO+InkQJpn7nsSSH3tR0ww3G27RIZ7BoSzHHaHFtIO+86o+G1wmaa7Be +s+9Clb9HO8gpW1U7ABEBAAGJATwEGAEIACYWIQT+LhedNb2cjq8yBItQbMPBUjMj +QQUCaa190wIbDAUJBaOagAAKCRBQbMPBUjMjQaPpB/9u4vYHmNz0B9VrsS2yBhaM +N8H2SSNG8LD5KJBj25JWzG6ynLDuVa5waGUhFm3MV1v57qWYQmO/5qQ8FxC6QCHp +BE8cB9T/1EpCd9tJ+3Zt4+qbGnWL5A3apbvOyu9bC5wJXJDddeYkLmhIrq4JbmrO +SADZ+Mx/posmz21eCB2QiYRCJ46i85spHSRlG3Zf4WAKgv/atU+h2RWhZOjfMFxp +3AMWBjAMbM++CrlhjY77uCvRqomDidpeI6ED105HiVKNMM7Sa0O5Kvlyrk12FCPK +VHIw7DURQEGWsIWiMIe6vxhuW9nXEA94skgTSInuJhkIb7CMkKlD8O7VoxyNXP5h +=VAy0 +-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- +.... diff --git a/shared/authors.adoc b/shared/authors.adoc index 756de4c349..5594b22fe4 100644 --- a/shared/authors.adoc +++ b/shared/authors.adoc @@ -1983,6 +1983,10 @@ :laszlof-email: laszlof@FreeBSD.org :laszlof: {laszlof-name} <{laszlof-email}> +:laurent-name: Laurent Chardon +:laurent-email: laurent@FreeBSD.org +:laurent: {laurent-name} <{laurent-email}> + :lawrance-name: Sam Lawrance :lawrance-email: lawrance@FreeBSD.org :lawrance: {lawrance-name} <{lawrance-email}> diff --git a/shared/contrib-committers.adoc b/shared/contrib-committers.adoc index cf92feee79..486add9408 100644 --- a/shared/contrib-committers.adoc +++ b/shared/contrib-committers.adoc @@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ * {adrian} * {dchagin} * {jch} +* {laurent} * {nc} * {loader} * {melifaro} diff --git a/website/data/en/news/news.toml b/website/data/en/news/news.toml index 95a7d9b1fe..37ae0e0e49 100644 --- a/website/data/en/news/news.toml +++ b/website/data/en/news/news.toml @@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ date = "2026-03-10" title = "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE Available" description = "FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE is now available. Please be sure to check the Release Notes and Release Errata before installation for any late-breaking news and/or issues with 14.4. More information about FreeBSD releases can be found on the Release Information page." +[[news]] +date = "2026-03-03" +description = "New committer: Laurent Chardon (ports)" + [[news]] date = "2026-02-28" title = "FreeBSD 14.4-RC1 Available" From nobody Sun Mar 15 00:30:08 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYJys5f0Mz6VgPq for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:30:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYJys4yQbz3jbR for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:30:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773534613; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=Ah8LWEgvrJLevW6gyCwmQ2ts92MaTkTluGtGMwiip+A=; b=RFE0nN8sI7/tyMeNZVmEjJNIEEmYIwdUcmc2fNb5FOVeEWtsYhjAcMxXagNHfZXQAIvr9z ciDstgYEJMpQ5hJ64M1Y2ukvbxlV0C9xaNlUHEpHL9hiNJmOI5k80ImnngwI7yAzWdS352 upbZ5sgwJIhNkZ554bBD4i17jRIgC7DD2bLsGWi287K1Fsm1fQpzNlINjxDnhLMYpJKBdU Opl+QaNF0U6FNyMDA8Wjg2wg6i3I95Nbn9mI/GkpNmHHzD+VxJTXLyJ2MnGxCMgs/OHnvA 8BgM8V5ZHDAuVP6VQNCdPBd0YGI5a0NQ0keMb40HrXIpskkFUA2KmQXv1akyAw== ARC-Seal: i=1; s=dkim; d=freebsd.org; t=1773534613; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=xw/OeI9q37EyMDMdh0m1htkWbljyL3qFCSjDPicRZRhf9EHI7GTgRWLvQUQGJvw1oGwqZu KvHj05OyERbJTMji2RqLQ8gBTvzGJuHIrrKHgRItUI6diUKpz6RVqx58xaKkraKVNGfOHY sMXWika7GQgokANq2QCn6UnBctnkvaM7tzTHLzUmjck7fhaULqKHgk21q9wlX2BOgaIcvm 3pJLWEEb+CAg45OtnG876QuMoNE83LXLI5jTU+TH4hx53eyGU5Zsuggc56dqsH+EOo5xSh +xXgAPQQxlReZtA+qL1+j1PZHQlLgGT7kD8LKDCtM4/yud3broe7MDZxl8vqDQ== ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx1.freebsd.org; none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=freebsd.org; s=dkim; t=1773534613; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding; bh=Ah8LWEgvrJLevW6gyCwmQ2ts92MaTkTluGtGMwiip+A=; b=XIfkIwBNmsTQR4DI46MCKt0o7W0bKic4TViYU2f5GvEjgGURMrrNdv/4nhy9BV/srEnP4m 7JWcncdhC+kQPrCuqjCgZH+DKqa5liwqCicaqVWwfRfieRaowSqUa8U08GkHrTlvnsr/93 xZDPJ8h+bUhmRldIWnPC5UA2C66YldEN4mbprcnPVtyJVOLdka1ySHj442TV6P25037iE6 ZUFmlScMKnRM/NqLBt5mg3BscHUD2+hkt1/C5pX5lDi3u/D41sKfPFYJsfJKQukjrgeiJc vFtl+JbZSalj4OQAblEeTTVJHa2+0glflVWL/YIVJFzy6uFY8VFWPyVsx2s1kA== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYJys4Lfqz9hS for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:30:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 24f4e by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:30:08 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Kousuke Kannagi Subject: git: 4583ba2db8 - main - Add new ports committer (mce) List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: mce X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 4583ba2db819edc79696f2231a9876761ecc8cf1 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:30:08 +0000 Message-Id: <69b5fd90.24f4e.3d22d593@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by mce: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=4583ba2db819edc79696f2231a9876761ecc8cf1 commit 4583ba2db819edc79696f2231a9876761ecc8cf1 Author: Kousuke Kannagi AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 00:27:20 +0000 Commit: Kousuke Kannagi CommitDate: 2026-03-15 00:27:20 +0000 Add new ports committer (mce) Steps for New Committers. 1. Add an Author Entity 2. Update the List of Developers and Contributors 3. Add a News Item 4. Add a PGP Key Reviewed by: osa, fluffy (mentors) Approved by: osa, fluffy (mentors) Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55853 --- .../content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc | 3 ++ documentation/static/pgpkeys/mce.key | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++ shared/authors.adoc | 4 ++ shared/contrib-committers.adoc | 1 + website/data/en/news/news.toml | 4 ++ 5 files changed, 67 insertions(+) diff --git a/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc index 10ce8a6b33..ed140aa600 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc @@ -663,6 +663,9 @@ include::{include-path}pluknet.key[] === `{cokane}` include::{include-path}cokane.key[] +=== `{mce}` +include::{include-path}mce.key[] + === `{karels}` include::{include-path}karels.key[] diff --git a/documentation/static/pgpkeys/mce.key b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/mce.key new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..869731a1a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/documentation/static/pgpkeys/mce.key @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +// sh addkey.sh mce 5DE09E417383F13E ; + +[.literal-block-margin] +.... +pub rsa3072/5DE09E417383F13E 2026-03-05 [SC] [expires: 2029-03-04] + Key fingerprint = 4229 DC0F DD40 5290 5055 791E 5DE0 9E41 7383 F13E +uid Kousuke Kannagi +sub rsa3072/7D86F949B8861DA8 2026-03-05 [E] [expires: 2029-03-04] + +.... + +[.literal-block-margin] +.... +-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- + +mQGNBGmqAYABDADBDmZzqOrOsr3V32+T1Ywo8fBRtmJ8DxOVpr3JJcojN/JBau78 +DvRa6/IaITHCyexn/yHGlOTcq8nU0kdvFT7nRSWqe4iR4SGS3gBVIJlTfHOvJxQ9 +ud2j4SGEoc0NrVXxuIZY/pfIx0SG1bOQEfMbWU64MI+jqrxdDOuZ4IPHsF+ON4Kz +g+OfaYZaxdfBIZ0ofD9IMQZM8bI7as0Bm0ohGC8Yu/IsivY5a3GJQQojXG8VgFA9 +eOl7wMhDhDkOOzel3lIYqh32YjxnzFzdLdm4qvbMn7xnQ22NBa9nAMswRAsUtTvG +1yM8UF45WOoRysEQ10/Z6vWVVoS+NzURjm/EcdGdfKA7/kcS5fNNMvbLvyfvuKci +gDMNzSI2Sd2XE+BdAQC6dCPCT2THbbBGkJPJQ89oSJ4sGE2Nx+MK6isR9UNVdFvH +xQD58onWoHcePDRQz51dt1RUraOdkMrqmHNdqg3gSlXg2cQ7YTb+PxfPqsFBdsvT +uQ46ryvWU3ZdV90AEQEAAbQhS291c3VrZSBLYW5uYWdpIDxtY2VAZnJlZWJzZC5v +cmc+iQHXBBMBCABBFiEEQincD91AUpBQVXkeXeCeQXOD8T4FAmmqAYACGwMFCQWj +moAICwkNCAwHCwMFFQoJCAsFFgMCAQACHgUCF4AACgkQXeCeQXOD8T6fRAwAkXTZ +t9ZW5ngFCp3Pu2/b6eCU983B7YxvPXqt/jnYiArIYkK9agwOnYnFHjxIO9wABk7b +kRO4ymj22BSK+AWC4GYE8BwoMX/nkkrLXMegUv/1Ld70NPTHqaZaI2xzwVzPgwgD +k7PSwKCVW+PEWmlHmHP5AEcr+3ygpoJc+kAGvusNvrvjohO+3M0hbMcj86x/x+dW +Ay9OO51BQUKH281B+OPetnBxkE4Si6yc/J62ZnEVB7HrLbzL+xcGaMZgctWHzaZ4 +XtpdVQKB9JC5ik+9Oc1sbk1rxL0q5Qb0aQCCn0WANxq8aXADliXx9oPmR/9O8ucX +ZgnAoN2LGHc5V+yQtEhXgGwKf5lNiQ/Ptd2H4AuK//A1FtUCXGTmYEI2IPvIbVrF +bjCSnnnpgO5fB+oLmmUE3bhn/FnbCx//h8aoxZan9m9FbVma/Zjtk3fkhBMG9CaL +31dYgJy1YMuJlK9U0nqNmqe4X5Zm4alSPhR3LfuVPc4LKdANStYO8di0LutMuQGN +BGmqAYABDADHJofZEtrsOTo0NaBRohcfzPYlW4AGx9pA6eNu8bEKLsjtq30XnVel +8W/+bY/08IgAQJBXvrf57wlS2XsaDqvUK3zTzbVP5l1KRB13GSlsSRpxTbTV/ibr +vmd4Sbm2o09Qt5SgsCR53W4K8DYgAQK2byxB9OA+fEGwKg0NowfuS+WFMyq2Xdje +6wBZXCd81INhkPyuY8OpVeMrCtZFG73r65TrbdPl8YTpD7/OMfXXvj0YLzDaUfIp +yRuVCPyJmAVF29vVHgB2wTXSWm+HkqR0Zv40kkm9QFWB8cP62Ns45qFu9RUV/y80 +Ij+sNik/C2B7Ze2wvU1kyaGIy3X/27oKYrZFURntEibub5SowtGcAYh7tAxBT1A2 +X+cANtbJp04RwKmBVTVPtFDs10ub02bzkYZ6pDOSTw9GMh2YTjuSfLmdLfCaxOYX +9hj6zjBCFNWe5cCxFY7AecB5dITVgkMIH3J0QHw0cd7ZGvW8EuRMrQKdaowJm/4K +r7DqvnWMUpkAEQEAAYkBvAQYAQgAJhYhBEIp3A/dQFKQUFV5Hl3gnkFzg/E+BQJp +qgGAAhsMBQkFo5qAAAoJEF3gnkFzg/E+YzkMALJgorVkyMmHyuSitVaxPsdJajjn +FDR5+AR0rduUgn5ie4579ceugsEicd0W9AwEknjJMjJU0v/vmH2yZFnlioFy1m5L +COfuX+XZi9iWAIACTEeyh6D3By2suNpgj8Wsn142xek65F084twO0658zrrCFxD9 +82TQ6CwynasAmJW1YLyhGM079oEOwCzcW5sHAedhaCopZR6DRENI6XudZmKzlCeh +o+Hz619Q8PvCXPxPPDyM2rqAp3TpvneVoxxfkVj8Y+fGTXKJOiggp3GDCwB1pA+C +RGYEl1A2WOnrLJCIB78WRZs2Y/zCqZykpGC8nb8O9gyOXJe+UVummnTpewgzAn7J +SK7mKDeee+P4NLHH9cv54d/VQXda41nXKXtnMWchpbKpZJgktLvDoF8j83nTo7wu +3zVvczJuxUM4ToFOQ3Eh7w+VZpHENKtAhxOwtOsG92HUaEt6wAj+4kqASpYPI3Ez +paiZ/1c2dz9C07mGxUuS40iu9EK2GdN7tc3IqQ== +=NMnz +-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- +.... diff --git a/shared/authors.adoc b/shared/authors.adoc index 5594b22fe4..554b4ba09f 100644 --- a/shared/authors.adoc +++ b/shared/authors.adoc @@ -2243,6 +2243,10 @@ :mbr-email: mbr@FreeBSD.org :mbr: {mbr-name} <{mbr-email}> +:mce-name: Kousuke Kannagi +:mce-email: mce@FreeBSD.org +:mce: {mce-name} <{mce-email}> + :mckay-name: Stephen McKay :mckay-email: mckay@FreeBSD.org :mckay: {mckay-name} <{mckay-email}> diff --git a/shared/contrib-committers.adoc b/shared/contrib-committers.adoc index 486add9408..ca7b433ba5 100644 --- a/shared/contrib-committers.adoc +++ b/shared/contrib-committers.adoc @@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ * {kan} * {bjk} * {phk} +* {mce} * {pkelsey} * {yasu} * {pkubaj} diff --git a/website/data/en/news/news.toml b/website/data/en/news/news.toml index 37ae0e0e49..8cfdd3c6bc 100644 --- a/website/data/en/news/news.toml +++ b/website/data/en/news/news.toml @@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ description = "The third BETA build for the FreeBSD 14.4 release cycle is now av date = "2026-02-18" description = "New committer: Yusuf Yaman (ports)" +[[news]] +date = "2026-02-18" +description = "New committer: Kousuke Kannagi (ports)" + [[news]] date = "2026-02-15" title = "FreeBSD 14.4-BETA2 Available" From nobody Sun Mar 15 10:43:16 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYZZD2Xchz6VZ7K for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:43:16 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 211d6 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:43:16 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: f5b84398e9 - main - update translation of articles/pgpkeys to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: f5b84398e9ebf0d6a95394dc6f07e8f4e6e939ef Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:43:16 +0000 Message-Id: <69b68d44.211d6.2754d5d4@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=f5b84398e9ebf0d6a95394dc6f07e8f4e6e939ef commit f5b84398e9ebf0d6a95394dc6f07e8f4e6e939ef Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 10:43:03 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 10:43:03 +0000 update translation of articles/pgpkeys to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55565 --- .../content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc | 14 +++++- .../content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po | 53 ++++++++++++++++------ 2 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc index 5dc06bb110..42c66db2a2 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ include::{include-path}portmgr-secretary.key[] include::{include-path}doceng-secretary.key[] [[pgpkeys-core]] -== Участники Core Team +== Участники Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team) === `{allanjude}` include::{include-path}allanjude.key[] @@ -1535,6 +1535,15 @@ include::{include-path}vexeduxr.key[] === `{alven}` include::{include-path}alven.key[] +=== `{pouria}` +include::{include-path}pouria.key[] + +=== `{siva}` +include::{include-path}siva.key[] + +=== `{nxjoseph}` +include::{include-path}nxjoseph.key[] + [[pgpkeys-other]] == Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ†Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… записСй @@ -1558,3 +1567,6 @@ include::{include-path}mwlucas.key[] === `{dhw}` include::{include-path}dhw.key[] + +=== `{tpearson}` +include::{include-path}tpearson.key[] diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po index 679ca633a1..bdb214237e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-27 19:31+0300\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-02-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ msgstr "'''" msgid "" "These OpenPGP keys can be used to verify a signature or send encrypted email " "to `FreeBSD.org` officers or developers. The complete keyring can be " -"downloaded at link:https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/pgpkeys.txt[pgpkeyring." -"txt]." +"downloaded at link:https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/" +"pgpkeys.txt[pgpkeyring.txt]." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ OpenPGP-ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ подписи ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ " "Π·Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ `FreeBSD.org`. " @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ msgstr "{doceng-secretary-name} `<{doceng-secretary-email}>`" #: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "Core Team Members" -msgstr "Участники Core Team" +msgstr "Участники Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team)" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:78 @@ -2978,50 +2978,75 @@ msgstr "`{vexeduxr}`" msgid "`{alven}`" msgstr "`{alven}`" +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1539 +#, no-wrap +msgid "`{pouria}`" +msgstr "`{pouria}`" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1542 +#, no-wrap +msgid "`{siva}`" +msgstr "`{siva}`" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1545 +#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#| msgid "`{scottph}`" +msgid "`{nxjoseph}`" +msgstr "`{scottph}`" + #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1540 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1549 #, no-wrap msgid "Other Cluster Account Holders" msgstr "Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ†Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… записСй" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1542 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1551 #, no-wrap msgid "`{bk}`" msgstr "`{bk}`" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1545 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1554 #, no-wrap msgid "`{deb}`" msgstr "`{deb}`" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1548 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1557 #, no-wrap msgid "`{debdrup}`" msgstr "`{debdrup}`" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1551 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1560 #, no-wrap msgid "`{dutchdaemon}`" msgstr "`{dutchdaemon}`" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1554 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1563 #, no-wrap msgid "`{keymaster}`" msgstr "`{keymaster}`" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1557 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1566 #, no-wrap msgid "`{mwlucas}`" msgstr "`{mwlucas}`" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1560 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1569 #, no-wrap msgid "`{dhw}`" msgstr "`{dhw}`" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc:1572 +#, no-wrap +msgid "`{tpearson}`" +msgstr "`{tpearson}`" From nobody Sun Mar 15 10:48:44 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYZhd6H7Dz6VZYr for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:48:49 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 1f247 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:48:44 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 897f9cb22b - main - update translation of articles/freebsd-status-report-process to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 897f9cb22bb960ae6aa1a1ac5cdbff0eba28bb6e Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:48:44 +0000 Message-Id: <69b68e8c.1f247.17f77cd1@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=897f9cb22bb960ae6aa1a1ac5cdbff0eba28bb6e commit 897f9cb22bb960ae6aa1a1ac5cdbff0eba28bb6e Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 10:48:29 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 10:48:29 +0000 update translation of articles/freebsd-status-report-process to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55567 --- .../freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc | 42 +- .../freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po | 426 ++++++++++----------- 2 files changed, 212 insertions(+), 256 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc index a00d1d29fc..4f6c8a2f55 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Yoyodyne's range of Frobnicator network interfaces. _ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ состоянии Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всСм ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ…, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ для объяснСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΡ… выполнСния._ -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Yoyodyne Frobnicator? Они ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространСны? Они ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ FreeBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ) присутствиС? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС быстрыС сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Yoyodyne Frobnicator? Они ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространСны? Они ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ FreeBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ) присутствиС? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС быстрыС сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹: .... We imported Cyberdyne Systems T800 into the tree. @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ _НС Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… спонсорах._ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ -НуТна Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ? Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди? БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ состоянии: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° объСма ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π² процСссС выполнСния, ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. +НуТна Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ? Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди? БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ состоянии: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π² процСссС выполнСния, ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ с достаточной Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ люди ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, смогут Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. @@ -124,11 +124,11 @@ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ === Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈ -ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ статуса, Π½ΠΎ основной процСсс сбора происходит Π² послСдний мСсяц ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅, июнС, сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. Π’ эти мСсяцы Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ явныС запросы Π½Π° статусныС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅; это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹. +ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ статуса, Π½ΠΎ основной процСсс сбора происходит Π² послСдний мСсяц ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅, июнС, сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π» Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ мСсяца, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹. -ВсС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:mailto:status-submissions@FreeBSD.org[элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ статуса] Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ срока, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ составляСт 8 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ послС окончания ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°. Записи ΠΎΡ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/administration/#t-portmgr[ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ управлСния ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ] ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° пСрСсСчСния ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ статусС ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². +Запросы ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии Π±Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ послСднСм Π΄Π½Π΅ для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° прСдставлСнных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² людьми, Π½Π΅ входящими Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ статуса, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² основном Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊ сСрСдинС января/апрСля/июля/октября (срок для стороннСй ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ). Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сбор прСдставлСнных ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² вскорС послС 15-Π³ΠΎ числа. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π² этот ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° прСдставлСнных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² людьми, Π½Π΅ входящими Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ статуса, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² основном Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊ сСрСдинС января/апрСля/июля/октября (срок Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для стороннСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ). Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСнныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ начиная с 15-Π³ΠΎ числа. [cols="1,2,2,2,2"] |=== @@ -140,35 +140,23 @@ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ |1 сСнтября |1 дСкабря -|НапоминаниС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 2 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ +|НапоминаниС Π·Π° 1 мСсяц |15 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° |15 июня |15 сСнтября |15 дСкабря -|ПослСднСС Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -|24 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° -|24 июня -|24 сСнтября -|24 дСкабря - -|Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок выполнСния +|НапоминаниС Π·Π° 2 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ |31 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° |30 июня |30 сСнтября |31 дСкабря -|Π Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок выполнСния -|8 апрСля -|8 июля -|8 октября -|8 января - -|Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ участниками -|15 апрСля -|15 июля -|15 октября -|15 января +|ΠžΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ участниками +|14 апрСля +|14 июля +|14 октября +|14 января |=== === Запрос ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² @@ -182,7 +170,7 @@ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ *** link:mailto:secretary@asiabsdcon.org[AsiaBSDCon] Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅ (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»); *** link:mailto:info@bsdcan.org[BSDCan] Π² ΠΌΠ°Π΅ (Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»); ** Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ участники ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ: - *** Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎBSDcon Π² сСнтябрС - октябрС (Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ-Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»); организация Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎBSDcon Π½Π΅ заинтСрСсована Π² написании ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для FreeBSD β€” ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° заинтСрСсована Π² октябрС 2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°: ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ конфСрСнция Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° FreeBSD. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± этом мСроприятии слСдуСт Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρƒ участников сообщСства FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ присутствовали Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ. + *** Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎBSDcon Π² сСнтябрС - октябрС (Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ-Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»); организация Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎBSDcon Π½Π΅ заинтСрСсована Π² написании ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для FreeBSD β€” ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° заинтСрСсована Π² октябрС 2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°: ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ конфСрСнция Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° FreeBSD. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± этом мСроприятии слСдуСт Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρƒ участников сообщСства FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ присутствовали Π½Π° Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ. ** Google Summer of Code: link:mailto:soc-students@FreeBSD.org[студСнты] ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… link:mailto:soc-mentors@FreeBSD.org[наставники]. Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ простой способ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ запросов Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ состоянии β€” ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ скрипт link:https://cgit.freebsd.org/doc/tree/tools/sendcalls/sendcalls[[.filename]#sendcalls# Π½Π° Perl] ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#tools/sendcalls# git рСпозитория Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ автоматичСски отправляСт запросы всСм ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ получатСлям. Π•Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: @@ -193,7 +181,7 @@ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ [IMPORTANT] ==== -Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° рассылку запросов ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron, поТалуйста, запускайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° freefall ΠΈ подписывайтС своим ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π² случаС возникновСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ настроил Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Π² качСствС Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² своС имя. +Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° рассылку запросов ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron, поТалуйста, запускайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° freefall ΠΈ подписывайтС своим ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π² случаС возникновСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ настроил Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Π² качСствС Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² своС имя. ==== Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сбор ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это link:https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/call-for-freebsd-2014q4-october-december-status-reports.49812/[дСлалось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅]. @@ -239,7 +227,7 @@ man:w3m[1] ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠžΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡ [IMPORTANT] ==== -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ письмо Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ, поэтому Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΡƒ этого письма, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ сдСлаСт это ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD.org[постмастСру], Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ). +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ письмо Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ, поэтому Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΡƒ этого письма, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ сдСлаСт это ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD.org[постмастСру], Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΡ‘Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ). ==== * ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-hackers[freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.org], ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-current[freebsd-current@FreeBSD.org] ΠΈ link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-stable[freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.org] Π² копию (CC) ΠΈ `developers@FreeBSD.org` Π² ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡƒΡŽ копию (BCC). diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po index ad697b5348..b722ddd95b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-02-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:36 msgid "" -"_Do not worry if you are not a native English speaker. The " -"mailto:status@FreeBSD.org[status team] will check your entries for spelling " -"and grammar, and fix it for you._" +"_Do not worry if you are not a native English speaker. The mailto:" +"status@FreeBSD.org[status team] will check your entries for spelling and " +"grammar, and fix it for you._" msgstr "" "_НС Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ носитСлСм английского языка. Команда " "mailto:status@FreeBSD.org[status team] ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ ваши записи Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ " @@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ свою Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ" #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:40 msgid "" "_Do not assume that the person reading the report knows about your project._" -msgstr "_НС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚, Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎ вашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅._" +msgstr "" +"_НС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚, Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎ вашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅._" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:44 @@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Yoyodyne Frobnicator? Они ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространСны? Они ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² " -"ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " +"ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " "нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ FreeBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ) присутствиС? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС быстрыС " "сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ " "Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹:" @@ -200,8 +201,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "И Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ β€” ярый ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊ Cyberdyne ΠΈ " "Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ T800. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ маловСроятно. " -"Π“ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ вСроятнСС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ смутно ΡΠ»Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ (" -"особСнно Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²: ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 35 000 Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… " +"Π“ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ вСроятнСС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ смутно ΡΠ»Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ " +"(особСнно Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²: ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 35 000 Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… " "элСмСнтов...). ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ исправлСния ошибок. " "ΠžΠ±ΡŠΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ нас появилась новая вСрсия." @@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "НуТна Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ? Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ " "люди? БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ " -"ΠΎ состоянии: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° объСма ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ " +"ΠΎ состоянии: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ " "находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, " "Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, " @@ -325,8 +326,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ссылку link:https://reviews.freebsd.org/[Phabricator review] ΠΈ " "Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ _status_ Π² список Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ свои " -"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ `doc/website/content/en/status/` (" -"создайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ отсутствуСт);" +"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ `doc/website/content/en/status/` " +"(создайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ отсутствуСт);" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:124 @@ -338,8 +339,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ запрос Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (pull request) Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ " "Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· link:https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-doc[Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ " -"Π½Π° GitHub]. Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свои ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ `" -"doc/website/content/en/status` (создайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ отсутствуСт);" +"Π½Π° GitHub]. Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свои ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ " +"`doc/website/content/en/status` (создайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ отсутствуСт);" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:126 @@ -383,17 +384,13 @@ msgstr "link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/status/[https://www.FreeBSD.org/status/]" #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "Status reports archived GitHub repository (was used for reports from 2017Q4 to 2022Q4):" -msgstr "" -"ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ статусС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСпозитория GitHub (использовались для " -"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с 2017Q4 ΠΏΠΎ 2022Q4):" +msgstr "ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ статусС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСпозитория GitHub (использовались для ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с 2017Q4 ΠΏΠΎ 2022Q4):" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "link:https://www.github.com/freebsd/freebsd-quarterly[https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-quarterly]" -msgstr "" -"link:https://www.github.com/freebsd/freebsd-quarterly[https://github.com/" -"freebsd/freebsd-quarterly]" +msgstr "link:https://www.github.com/freebsd/freebsd-quarterly[https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-quarterly]" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:144 @@ -417,8 +414,7 @@ msgstr "АдрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎ #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "link:mailto:status-submissions@FreeBSD.org[status-submissions@FreeBSD.org]" -msgstr "" -"link:mailto:status-submissions@FreeBSD.org[status-submissions@FreeBSD.org]" +msgstr "link:mailto:status-submissions@FreeBSD.org[status-submissions@FreeBSD.org]" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:150 @@ -430,9 +426,7 @@ msgstr "Бписок рассылки для получСния запросов #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-status-calls[freebsd-status-calls@FreeBSD.org]" -msgstr "" -"link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-status-calls[freebsd-" -"status-calls@FreeBSD.org]" +msgstr "link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-status-calls[freebsd-status-calls@FreeBSD.org]" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:153 @@ -444,9 +438,7 @@ msgstr "Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ статуса Π² Phabricator" #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:154 #, no-wrap msgid "link:https://reviews.freebsd.org/project/profile/88/[https://reviews.freebsd.org/project/88/]" -msgstr "" -"link:https://reviews.freebsd.org/project/profile/88/[https://reviews.freebsd." -"org/project/88/]" +msgstr "link:https://reviews.freebsd.org/project/profile/88/[https://reviews.freebsd.org/project/88/]" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:156 @@ -459,272 +451,197 @@ msgstr "Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈ" msgid "" "Reports are always accepted by the status team, but the main collection " "process happens the last month of each quarter, hence in March, June, " -"September and December. Explicit calls for status reports will be sent in " -"those months. The months of January, April, July and October are dedicated " -"to putting together the reports submitted during the precedent quarter; this " -"can include waiting for late submissions. Status reports publication is " +"September and December. The months of January, April, July and October are " +"dedicated to putting together the reports submitted during the precedent " +"quarter. Reports for the finished quarter are still accepted within the " +"first 14 days of the month, but not later. Status reports publication is " "done during the same months as soon as the report are ready." msgstr "" "ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ статуса, Π½ΠΎ основной процСсс сбора " "происходит Π² послСдний мСсяц ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅, июнС, " -"сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. Π’ эти мСсяцы Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ явныС запросы Π½Π° " -"статусныС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору " -"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅; это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " -"Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ " -"мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹." +"сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору " +"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΉΡΡ " +"ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π» Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ мСсяца, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ " +"статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:165 -msgid "" -"All report submissions can have the deadline extended by link:mailto:status-" -"submissions@FreeBSD.org[emailing the status team] up until the extended " -"deadline, which is 8 days after the end of the quarter. Entries from the " -"link:https://www.freebsd.org/administration/#t-portmgr[ports management " -"team] default to the extended headline, because of the overlap between " -"status reports and quarterly ports branches." +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:164 +msgid "Explicit calls for status reports will be sent with deadline reminders." msgstr "" -"ВсС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:mailto:status-" -"submissions@FreeBSD.org[элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ статуса] Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ срока, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ составляСт 8 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ послС окончания ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°. " -"Записи ΠΎΡ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/administration/#t-portmgr[ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ " -"управлСния ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ] ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° " -"пСрСсСчСния ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ статусС ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²." +"Запросы ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии Π±Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ послСднСм Π΄Π½Π΅ " +"для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:169 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:167 msgid "" "Reviewing of submitted reports by people not part of the status team should " "be essentially complete by mid-January/April/July/October (third-party " "review slush). That is, barring typos or other light copyediting, the " -"status team should be able to start assembling the submissions soon after " -"the 15th. Note that this is not a complete freeze, and the status team may " -"still be able to accept reviews then." +"status team should be able to assemble the submissions starting on the 15th." msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° прСдставлСнных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² людьми, Π½Π΅ входящими Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ статуса, " "Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² основном Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊ сСрСдинС января/апрСля/июля/октября (срок " -"для стороннСй ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ). Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " -"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сбор " -"прСдставлСнных ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² вскорС послС 15-Π³ΠΎ числа. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π² этот " -"ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄." +"Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для стороннСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ). Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ " +"ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° " +"ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСнныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ начиная с 15-Π³ΠΎ числа." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:172 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "First quarter" msgstr "ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:172 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "Second quarter" msgstr "Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:172 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "Third quarter" msgstr "Π’Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:174 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:172 #, no-wrap msgid "Fourth quarter" msgstr "Π§Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:175 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:173 #, no-wrap msgid "First call for reports" msgstr "ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ запрос ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:176 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:174 #, no-wrap msgid "March 1st" msgstr "1 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:177 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:175 #, no-wrap msgid "June 1st" msgstr "1 июня" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:178 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "September 1st" msgstr "1 сСнтября" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:180 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:178 #, no-wrap msgid "December 1st" msgstr "1 дСкабря" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:181 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:179 #, no-wrap -msgid "2 weeks left reminder" -msgstr "НапоминаниС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 2 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ" +msgid "1 month left reminder" +msgstr "НапоминаниС Π·Π° 1 мСсяц" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:182 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:180 #, no-wrap msgid "March 15th" msgstr "15 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:183 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:181 #, no-wrap msgid "June 15th" msgstr "15 июня" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:184 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:182 #, no-wrap msgid "September 15th" msgstr "15 сСнтября" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:186 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "December 15th" msgstr "15 дСкабря" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:187 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Last reminder" -msgstr "ПослСднСС Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:188 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:185 #, no-wrap -msgid "March 24th" -msgstr "24 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:189 -#, no-wrap -msgid "June 24th" -msgstr "24 июня" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:190 -#, no-wrap -msgid "September 24th" -msgstr "24 сСнтября" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:192 -#, no-wrap -msgid "December 24th" -msgstr "24 дСкабря" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:193 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Standard deadline" -msgstr "Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок выполнСния" +msgid "2 weeks left reminder" +msgstr "НапоминаниС Π·Π° 2 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:194 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:186 #, no-wrap msgid "March 31st" msgstr "31 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:195 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:187 #, no-wrap msgid "June 30th" msgstr "30 июня" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:196 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:188 #, no-wrap msgid "September 30th" msgstr "30 сСнтября" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:198 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "December 31st" msgstr "31 дСкабря" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:199 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:191 #, no-wrap -msgid "Extended deadline" -msgstr "Π Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок выполнСния" +msgid "Submissions deadline and third-party review slush" +msgstr "ΠžΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ участниками" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:200 -#, no-wrap -msgid "April 8th" -msgstr "8 апрСля" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:201 -#, no-wrap -msgid "July 8th" -msgstr "8 июля" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:202 -#, no-wrap -msgid "October 8th" -msgstr "8 октября" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:204 -#, no-wrap -msgid "January 8th" -msgstr "8 января" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:205 -#, no-wrap -msgid "Third-party review slush" -msgstr "Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ участниками" - -#. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:206 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:192 #, no-wrap -msgid "April 15th" -msgstr "15 апрСля" +msgid "April 14th" +msgstr "14 апрСля" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:207 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:193 #, no-wrap -msgid "July 15th" -msgstr "15 июля" +msgid "July 14th" +msgstr "14 июля" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:208 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:194 #, no-wrap -msgid "October 15th" -msgstr "15 октября" +msgid "October 14th" +msgstr "14 октября" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:209 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:195 #, no-wrap -msgid "January 15th" -msgstr "15 января" +msgid "January 14th" +msgstr "14 января" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:211 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:197 #, no-wrap msgid "Call for reports" msgstr "Запрос ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:214 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:200 msgid "Calls for status reports are sent to the following recipients:" msgstr "Запросы ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ получатСлям:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:216 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:202 msgid "" "the link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-status-calls[freebsd-" "status-calls@FreeBSD.org mailing list];" @@ -733,7 +650,7 @@ msgstr "" "рассылка freebsd-status-calls@FreeBSD.org];" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:217 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:203 msgid "" "to all submitters of last status reports (they may have updates or further " "improvements);" @@ -742,34 +659,34 @@ msgstr "" "Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ);" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:218 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:204 msgid "and, depending on the season," msgstr "ΠΈ, Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°," #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:219 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:205 msgid "Various conference organizers:" msgstr "Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:220 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:206 msgid "" "link:mailto:secretary@asiabsdcon.org[AsiaBSDCon] in March (First Quarter);" msgstr "" "link:mailto:secretary@asiabsdcon.org[AsiaBSDCon] Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅ (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»);" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:221 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:207 msgid "link:mailto:info@bsdcan.org[BSDCan] in May (Second Quarter);" msgstr "link:mailto:info@bsdcan.org[BSDCan] Π² ΠΌΠ°Π΅ (Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»);" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:222 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:208 msgid "Various conference attendees:" msgstr "Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ участники ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:225 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:211 msgid "" "EuroBSDcon in September - October (Third-Fourth Quarter); EuroBSDcon as an " "organization is not interested in writing reports for FreeBSD - at least it " @@ -782,10 +699,10 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° заинтСрСсована Π² октябрС 2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°: ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "конфСрСнция Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° FreeBSD. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± " "этом мСроприятии слСдуСт Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρƒ участников сообщСства FreeBSD, " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ присутствовали Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ." +"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ присутствовали Π½Π° Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:226 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:212 msgid "" "Google Summer of Code link:mailto:soc-students@FreeBSD.org[students] and " "their link:mailto:soc-mentors@FreeBSD.org[mentors]." @@ -794,7 +711,7 @@ msgstr "" "link:mailto:soc-mentors@FreeBSD.org[наставники]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:230 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:216 msgid "" "The easiest way to send calls for status reports is to use the link:https://" "cgit.freebsd.org/doc/tree/tools/sendcalls/sendcalls[[.filename]#sendcalls# " @@ -810,15 +727,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:233 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:219 #, no-wrap msgid "0 0 1,15,24 3,6,9,12 * cd ~/doc/tools/sendcalls && git pull && ./sendcalls -s 'Lorenzo Salvadore'\n" -msgstr "" -"0 0 1,15,24 3,6,9,12 * cd ~/doc/tools/sendcalls && " -"git pull && ./sendcalls -s 'Lorenzo Salvadore'\n" +msgstr "0 0 1,15,24 3,6,9,12 * cd ~/doc/tools/sendcalls && git pull && ./sendcalls -s 'Lorenzo Salvadore'\n" #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:239 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:225 msgid "" "If you are in charge of sending calls for status reports and you are indeed " "using a cron job, please run it on freefall and sign it with your name so " @@ -830,30 +745,30 @@ msgstr "" "Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron, поТалуйста, запускайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° freefall ΠΈ подписывайтС своим " "ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π² случаС возникновСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ " "настроил Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Π² качСствС Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ " -"прСдостороТности, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² своС имя." +"прСдостороТности, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² своС имя." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:242 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:228 msgid "" "It may also be worth making a call for reports on the forums as link:https://" "forums.freebsd.org/threads/call-for-freebsd-2014q4-october-december-status-" "reports.49812/[was done in the past]." msgstr "" -"Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сбор ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это " -"link:https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/call-for-freebsd-2014q4-october-" -"december-status-reports.49812/[дСлалось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅]." +"Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сбор ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это link:" +"https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/call-for-freebsd-2014q4-october-december-" +"status-reports.49812/[дСлалось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅]." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:243 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:229 #, no-wrap msgid "Building the report" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:247 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:233 msgid "" -"Submitted reports are reviewed and merged in the proper subdirectory of " -"[.filename]#doc/website/content/en/status/# as they come in. While the " +"Submitted reports are reviewed and merged in the proper subdirectory of [." +"filename]#doc/website/content/en/status/# as they come in. While the " "reports are being updated, people outside the status team may also review " "the individual entries and propose fixes." msgstr "" @@ -863,7 +778,7 @@ msgstr "" "записи ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исправлСния." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:250 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:236 msgid "" "Usually the last step in the content review process is writing the " "introduction in a file named [.filename]#intro.adoc#: a good introduction " @@ -879,31 +794,31 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ люди привнСсут Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ свСТим." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:252 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:238 msgid "" -"Once all the reports and the introduction are ready, the " -"[.filename]#_index.adoc# file needs to be created: this is the file in which " -"the reports are distributed into the various categories and sorted." +"Once all the reports and the introduction are ready, the [.filename]#_index." +"adoc# file needs to be created: this is the file in which the reports are " +"distributed into the various categories and sorted." msgstr "" "ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ всС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [." "filename]#_index.adoc#: это Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ " "Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ катСгориям ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:253 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:239 #, no-wrap msgid "Publishing the report" msgstr "ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:256 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:242 msgid "" "When all the files of the status report are ready, it is time to publish it." msgstr "" "Когда всС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ состоянии Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎ врСмя ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:259 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:245 msgid "" "First [.filename]#doc/website/content/en/status/_index.adoc# is edited: the " "next due date is updated and a link to the new report is added. The change " @@ -916,21 +831,21 @@ msgstr "" "провСряСт, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ всё Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ оТидалось." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:261 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:247 msgid "" "Then the news entry for the main website page is added to [.filename]#doc/" "website/data/en/news/news.toml#." msgstr "" -"Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ запись новости для Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ страницы сайта добавляСтся Π² [.filename]#" -"doc/website/data/ru/news/news.toml#." +"Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ запись новости для Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ страницы сайта добавляСтся Π² [." +"filename]#doc/website/data/ru/news/news.toml#." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:263 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:249 msgid "Here is a sample for the news entry:" msgstr "Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ записи новостСй:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:268 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:254 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[[news]]\n" @@ -941,29 +856,25 @@ msgstr "" "[[news]]\n" "date = \"2021-01-16\"\n" "title = \"October-December 2020 Status Report\"\n" -"description = \"The October to December 2020 Status Report " -"is now available with 42 entries.\"\n" +"description = \"The October to December 2020 Status Report is now available with 42 entries.\"\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:271 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:257 msgid "" "Once the HTML version of the report has been built and is online, man:w3m[1] " "is used to dump the website as plain-text, e.g:" msgstr "" -"ПослС создания HTML-вСрсии ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² сСти ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ " -"man:w3m[1] для прСобразования Π²Π΅Π±-сайта Π² простой тСкст, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" +"ПослС создания HTML-вСрсии ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² сСти ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ man:" +"w3m[1] для прСобразования Π²Π΅Π±-сайта Π² простой тСкст, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:273 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:259 #, no-wrap msgid "% w3m -cols 80 -dump https://www.FreeBSD.org/status/report-2021-01-2021-03/ > /tmp/report-2021-01-2021-03.txt\n" -msgstr "" -"% w3m -cols 80 -dump https://www.FreeBSD.org/status/report-2021-01-2021-03/ " -"> /tmp/report-2021-01-2021-03.txt\n" +msgstr "% w3m -cols 80 -dump https://www.FreeBSD.org/status/report-2021-01-2021-03/ > /tmp/report-2021-01-2021-03.txt\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:276 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:262 msgid "" "man:w3m[1] has full proper unicode support. `-dump` simply outputs text " "rendering of the HTML code that can then have a few elements snipped, while " @@ -974,7 +885,7 @@ msgstr "" "элСмСнтов, Π° `-cols` Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ всё Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ пСрСнСсСно Π½Π° 80 ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:278 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:264 msgid "" "A link to the rendered report is added between the introduction and the " "first entry." @@ -982,7 +893,7 @@ msgstr "" "Бсылка Π½Π° сформированный ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ добавляСтся ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ записью." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:280 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:266 msgid "" "The report is finally ready to be sent, toggling disposition (the report " "should be inlined), and ensuring it is encoded as UTF-8." @@ -992,37 +903,36 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:282 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:268 msgid "" "Two emails are sent, both with subject in the format `FreeBSD Status Report " "- Quarter `:" msgstr "" -"ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° письма, ΠΎΠ±Π° с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ `FreeBSD Status Report - <" -"First/Second/Third/Fourth> Quarter `:" +"ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° письма, ΠΎΠ±Π° с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ `FreeBSD Status Report - " +" Quarter `:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:284 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:270 msgid "" "one to link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-announce[freebsd-" "announce@FreeBSD.org];" msgstr "" -"ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ для link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-announce" -"[freebsd-announce@FreeBSD.org];" +"ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ для link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-" +"announce[freebsd-announce@FreeBSD.org];" #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:288 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:274 msgid "" "This one must be approved, so if you are in charge of sending this email, " -"ensure that someone does it (mail " -"link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD.org[postmaster] if it is taking long)." +"ensure that someone does it (mail link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD." +"org[postmaster] if it is taking long)." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ письмо Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ, поэтому Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΡƒ этого " -"письма, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ сдСлаСт это ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ " -"link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD.org[постмастСру], Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ)." +"письма, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ сдСлаСт это ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ link:mailto:" +"postmaster@FreeBSD.org[постмастСру], Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΡ‘Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ)." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:290 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:276 msgid "" "one to link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-hackers[freebsd-" "hackers@FreeBSD.org], which also has link:https://lists.freebsd.org/" @@ -1032,7 +942,65 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-hackers[freebsd-" "hackers@FreeBSD.org], ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ link:https://lists.freebsd.org/" -"subscription/freebsd-current[freebsd-current@FreeBSD.org] ΠΈ " -"link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-stable[freebsd-" -"stable@FreeBSD.org] Π² копию (CC) ΠΈ `developers@FreeBSD.org` Π² ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡƒΡŽ копию " -"(BCC)." +"subscription/freebsd-current[freebsd-current@FreeBSD.org] ΠΈ link:https://" +"lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-stable[freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.org] Π² " +"копию (CC) ΠΈ `developers@FreeBSD.org` Π² ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡƒΡŽ копию (BCC)." + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "All report submissions can have the deadline extended by link:mailto:" +#~ "status-submissions@FreeBSD.org[emailing the status team] up until the " +#~ "extended deadline, which is 8 days after the end of the quarter. Entries " +#~ "from the link:https://www.freebsd.org/administration/#t-portmgr[ports " +#~ "management team] default to the extended headline, because of the overlap " +#~ "between status reports and quarterly ports branches." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "ВсС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:mailto:status-" +#~ "submissions@FreeBSD.org[элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ статуса] Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ " +#~ "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ срока, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ составляСт 8 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ послС окончания ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°. " +#~ "Записи ΠΎΡ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/administration/#t-portmgr[ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ " +#~ "управлСния ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ] ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° " +#~ "пСрСсСчСния ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ статусС ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²." + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "Last reminder" +#~ msgstr "ПослСднСС Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "March 24th" +#~ msgstr "24 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "June 24th" +#~ msgstr "24 июня" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "September 24th" +#~ msgstr "24 сСнтября" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "December 24th" +#~ msgstr "24 дСкабря" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "Standard deadline" +#~ msgstr "Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок выполнСния" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "Extended deadline" +#~ msgstr "Π Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок выполнСния" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "April 8th" +#~ msgstr "8 апрСля" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "July 8th" +#~ msgstr "8 июля" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "October 8th" +#~ msgstr "8 октября" + +#, no-wrap +#~ msgid "January 8th" +#~ msgstr "8 января" From nobody Sun Mar 15 10:54:05 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYZpq09d0z6VZmJ for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:54:10 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 222a5 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:54:05 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 70a2c5a9d0 - main - update translation of articles/committers-guide to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 70a2c5a9d01c4d95e8b2c1558d6a2075bfe88766 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:54:05 +0000 Message-Id: <69b68fcd.222a5.673367e2@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=70a2c5a9d01c4d95e8b2c1558d6a2075bfe88766 commit 70a2c5a9d01c4d95e8b2c1558d6a2075bfe88766 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 10:53:44 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 10:53:44 +0000 update translation of articles/committers-guide to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55568 --- .../ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc | 106 +- .../content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.po | 1133 ++++++++++---------- 2 files changed, 643 insertions(+), 596 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc index 1dd097c34e..aa78193da1 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc @@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ Change (N)ame, (C)omment, (E)mail or (O)kay/(Q)uit? o You need a Passphrase to protect your secret key. .... -<.> 2048-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ с Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ сроком дСйствия ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ (2022-10). +<.> 2048-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ с Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ…Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ сроком дСйствия ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ (2022-10). <.> Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ дСйствия ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π° Π² Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° достаточно ΠΌΠ°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ, ослаблСнныС растущСй ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², пСрСстали ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ достаточно Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ управлСния ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ. @@ -184,11 +184,11 @@ You need a Passphrase to protect your secret key. [[kerberos-ldap]] == Kerberos ΠΈ LDAP Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ для кластСра FreeBSD -ΠšΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ FreeBSD Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ сСрвисам. ΠŸΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ слуТит Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ LDAP, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ LDAP проксируСт запросы ΠΊ Kerberos Π² кластСрС. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· сСрвисов, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚: +ΠšΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ FreeBSD Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ сСрвисам. ΠŸΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ слуТит Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ LDAP, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ LDAP проксируСт запросы ΠΊ Kerberos Π² кластСрС. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· сСрвисов, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚: * https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla[Bugzilla] -Для создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Kerberos Π² кластСрС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сброса пароля Kerberos для ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи с использованиСм Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° случайных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ: +Для создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Kerberos Π² кластСрС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сброса пароля Kerberos для ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи с использованиСм Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° случайных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ: [source, shell] .... @@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ extref:{porters-handbook}versions[ЗначСния __FreeBSD_version (Π ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ² [NOTE] ==== -Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `${repo}` Π½Π° имя Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСпозитория FreeBSD: `doc`, `ports` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `src`. +Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `${repo}` Π½Π° имя Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСпозитория FreeBSD: `doc`, `ports` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `src`. ==== * ΠšΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ: @@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ https://www.freebsd.org/releng/[] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚: ===== Π‘Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° -ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сборка выполняСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π² руководствС, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: +ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сборка выполняСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π² РуководствС, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: [source, shell] .... % cd src @@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ Could not apply 646e0f9cda11... no color ls >>>>>>> 646e0f9cda11... no color ls .... -Новый ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ, Π° ваш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ - Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ. +Новый ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ, Π° ваш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ - Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ здСсь β€” просто Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `#undef COLORLS_NEW` ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ `#ifdef`, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ старыС измСнСния: [source, shell] @@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ MFC Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ одобрСния, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌ ==== ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° MFC -Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ MFC, ΠΈ всё ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ уТасно Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сначала, Ρ‚ΠΎ самый простой способ β€” ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `git reset --hard`, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅: +Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ MFC, ΠΈ всё ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ уТасно Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сначала, Ρ‚ΠΎ самый простой способ β€” ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `git reset --hard`, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅: [source, shell] .... % git reset --hard freebsd/stable/12 @@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ Git прСдоставляСт Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ этог % git tag -a vendor/NetBSD/mtree/20201211 .... -ΠšΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ источника. МногиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ криптографичСскиС подписи для подписывания ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ² git ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ tar-Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² с исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ВсСгда провСряйтС эти подписи ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ изоляции, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, chroot, Π² сочСтании с Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ рСгулярно (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ см. Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ «ОбновлСниС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSDΒ» Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ ƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ выглядит бСзопасным. ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ пСриодичСский просмотр ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ качСства ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ принСсти ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρƒ всСм участникам. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ git diff ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°. +ΠšΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ источника. МногиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ криптографичСскиС подписи для подписывания ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ² git ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ tar-Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² с исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ВсСгда провСряйтС эти подписи ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ изоляции, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, chroot, Π² сочСтании с Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ рСгулярно (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ см. Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ «ОбновлСниС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSDΒ» Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ ƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ выглядит бСзопасным. ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ пСриодичСский просмотр ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ качСства ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ принСсти ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρƒ всСм участникам. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ git diff ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°. ВсСгда выполняйтС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `git diff` ΠΈ `git status` ΠΈ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Π’ случаС сомнСний ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `git annotate` Π½Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ git-Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ внСс ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. @@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ Git прСдоставляСт Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ этог [NOTE] ==== -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ `glorbnitz` ΠΊ сборкС. Бпособ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ руководства. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ `glorbnitz` ΠΊ сборкС. Бпособ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ руководства. ==== ===== Бохраняя Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ @@ -1225,7 +1225,7 @@ freefall% gen-gitconfig.sh Π½Π° freefall.freebsd.org (ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ /usr/local/bin находится Π² PATH), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ шаблон ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ. -Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ слияниС Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ `working` Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `main` Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСпозитория. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ свои измСнСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² исходном Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ этой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ синтаксис отправляСт (push) Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `working` Π² `main`, пСрСмСщая Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `main` Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄. Π’Ρ‹ смоТСтС ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ случаС, Ссли Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для `main` (Ρ‚.Π΅. Π±Π΅Π· слияний). +Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ слияниС Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ `working` Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `main` Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСпозитория. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ свои измСнСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² исходном Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ этой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ синтаксис отправляСт (push) Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `working` Π² `main`, пСрСмСщая Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `main` Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄. Π’Ρ‹ смоТСтС ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ случаС, Ссли Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для `main` (Ρ‚.Π΅. Π±Π΅Π· слияний). [source, shell] .... @@ -1501,7 +1501,7 @@ git reset --hard HEAD^1 git branch -f main freebsd/main .... -Π’Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΈ Π² Git Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ магичСского: ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ всСго лишь ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ просто ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. Из-Π·Π° этого Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π’Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΈ Π² Git Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ магичСского: ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ всСго лишь ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ просто ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. Из-Π·Π° этого Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ===== БмСшиваниС ΠΈ сопоставлСниС Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ @@ -1636,7 +1636,7 @@ Git ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ всё Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 'refspec', ΠΈ refspec ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ просто ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ (fetch) ссылки Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. -Однако Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ряд Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… элСмСнтов. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ явныС спСцификации ссылок для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ ссылок ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всё. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ваш Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ для этого: +Однако Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ряд Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… элСмСнтов. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ явныС спСцификации ссылок для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ссылок ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всё. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ваш Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ для этого: [source, shell] .... @@ -1699,7 +1699,7 @@ To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use git push --set-upstream github gnn-pr2001-fix .... -Если ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ (push) Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ совСтуСт +git+, Ρ‚ΠΎ это позволяСт Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ: +Если ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ (push) Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ совСтуСт +git+, Ρ‚ΠΎ это позволяСт Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ: [source, shell] .... @@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ Author: github-user <38923459+github-user@users.noreply.github.com> Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ внСсСнии Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ мСстС, Π² локальноС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°. ==== -ПослС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с запросом Π½Π° принятиС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (pull request), Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйса GitHub. Π‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли ваш источник `github` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `https://`, СдинствСнным шагом, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ потрСбуСтся учСтная запись GitHub, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ запроса Π½Π° принятиС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. +ПослС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с запросом Π½Π° принятиС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (pull request), Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйса GitHub. Π‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли ваш источник `github` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `https://`, СдинствСнным шагом, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ потрСбуСтся учётная запись GitHub, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ запроса Π½Π° принятиС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. [[vcs-history]] == Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ систСмы контроля вСрсий @@ -1841,7 +1841,7 @@ Author: github-user <38923459+github-user@users.noreply.github.com> + [NOTE] ====== -ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ PGP/GnuPG ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для подтвСрТдСния личности ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. НапримСр, `{admins}` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ для восстановлСния ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ `FreeBSD.org` доступСн для скачивания ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/pgpkeys.txt[https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/pgpkeys.txt]. +ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ PGP/GnuPG ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для подтвСрТдСния личности ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. НапримСр, `{admins}` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ для восстановлСния ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ `FreeBSD.org` доступСн для скачивания ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/pgpkeys.txt[https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/pgpkeys.txt]. ====== . ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ наставникС ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ + @@ -1895,7 +1895,7 @@ Author: github-user <38923459+github-user@users.noreply.github.com> [[smtp-setup]] ==== Настройка доступа SMTP -Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ элСктронныС письма Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· инфраструктуру FreeBSD.org, слСдуйтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ инструкциям: +Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ элСктронныС письма Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· инфраструктуру FreeBSD.org, слСдуйтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ инструкциям: [.procedure] ==== @@ -2060,7 +2060,7 @@ example@freebsd.org:smtp.freebsd.org::587 * Π Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссом, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ продолТаСтся Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ. Π’ частности, послС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ явноС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ "выглядит Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ" ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Оно Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ явным, ΠΈ это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΡŽΠ±ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ, которая ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ смысл для ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° рСцСнзирования. * Π’Π°ΠΉΠΌ-Π°ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅. -Иногда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ большС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π±Ρ‹, особСнно для большого ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ‹Π΅ способы ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ: +Иногда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ большС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π±Ρ‹, особСнно для большого ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ‹Π΅ способы ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ: * ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… людСй. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, всС Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ самоС для вас; Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ β€” наша Π²Π°Π»ΡŽΡ‚Π°. * ΠŸΠΈΠ½Π³ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡. Если ΠΎΠ½ срочный, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ для вас Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ этот ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±Ρ‹Π» принят, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π³ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Если ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ срочный, общСпринятая вСТливая частота ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π³Π° β€” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° нСдСля. ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ проситС Ρƒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя. @@ -2194,11 +2194,13 @@ example@freebsd.org:smtp.freebsd.org::587 ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ рассылкС. |`Submitted by:` + -(deprecated) -|Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ устарСло Π² git; отправляСмыС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `git commit --author` с ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ email. +(Π½Π΅ рСкомСндуСтся) +|Имя Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π· прСдоставлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π°, особСнно Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ адрСса элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹. +ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `git commit --author` с ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹. +Π”ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° git, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° появилась Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ поля Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, это использовалось для присланных ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ. |`Reviewed by:` -a| +| Имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ людСй, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅; для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² достаточно ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ имя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Π² кластСрС FreeBSD. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² список рассылки для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π², Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ списка. Если Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ являСтся участником ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ имя, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈ, Ссли это ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, внСшнюю Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ: @@ -2251,11 +2253,11 @@ Approved by: re (имя-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ) |НазваниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (Ссли Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ), ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄. НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ эту строку для указания ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. |`Fixes:` -|ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ…ΡΡˆ Git ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ исправлСн этим ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ возвращаСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h ("%s")' GIT-COMMIT-HASH`. +|ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ…ΡΡˆ Git ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ исправлСн этим ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ возвращаСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `git log -n1 --format:'%h ("%s")' GIT-COMMIT-HASH`. ΠœΡ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π² случаС, Ссли будущая миграция систСмы контроля вСрсий сдСлаСт ссылки ΠΏΠΎ Ρ…ΡΡˆΡƒ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. |`MFC after:` -|Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ MFC Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ количСство Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, нСдСль ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСсяцСв, послС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… планируСтся Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ MFC. +|Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ MFC Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ количСство Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, нСдСль ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСсяцСв, послС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… планируСтся Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ MFC. |`MFC to:` |Если ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано слияниС Π² подмноТСство ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ названия Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. @@ -2268,7 +2270,7 @@ Approved by: re (имя-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ) |ΠšΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ измСнСния, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ, Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ совмСстимости ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. |Если Π²Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эту строку ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ запись Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» `RELNOTES` Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° src. |Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» `RELNOTES` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ выпуску для ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. -|НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ строку `Relnotes:` для описания измСнСния: Π΅Π΅ СдинствСнноС допустимоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ - `yes`. +|НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ строку `Relnotes:` для описания измСнСния: Π΅Ρ‘ СдинствСнноС допустимоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ - `yes`. |`Security:` |Если ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ связано с ΡƒΡΠ·Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉ бСзопасности, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько ссылок Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ описаниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. По возмоТности Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ URL VuXML ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ CVE. @@ -2284,6 +2286,11 @@ Approved by: re (имя-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ) Оно Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ URL запроса Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ часто Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. НапримСр: `https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/745` +| `Closes:` +| Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ адрСсу Π² pull request Π½Π° GitHub, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ запрос. +Оно Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ URL запроса Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ часто Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. +НапримСр: `https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/745` + |`Co-authored-by:` |Имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°. GitHub содСрТит ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠ»Π΅Ρ€Π° Co-authored-by ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/committing-changes-to-your-project/creating-and-editing-commits/creating-a-commit-with-multiple-authors. @@ -2448,7 +2455,7 @@ Relnotes: yes Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² рСпозиториях, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ» ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡŽ для ΠΈΡ… использования. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Ρ‹ Terminus для использования с man:vt[4]. Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π”ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€ Π–Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ» Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ "Terminus BSD Console" ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ BSD с двумя ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Open Font License, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ примСняСт. -ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎ вСсти ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ {core-email} Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ» ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ². ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ FreeBSD прСдоставляСтся ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ лицСнзия, ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ {core-email}. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, поТалуйста, присылайтС Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° {core-email}, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ: +ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎ вСсти ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ {core-email} Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ» ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ². ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ FreeBSD прСдоставляСтся ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ лицСнзия, ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ {core-email}. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, поТалуйста, присылайтС Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° {core-email}, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ: * ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ† ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡŽ. * КакиС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. Π² рСпозиториях ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ прСдоставлСниСм Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ любой ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» с особыми условиями лицСнзирования. @@ -2499,7 +2506,7 @@ Relnotes: yes [[if-in-doubt]] == Если ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½Π΅Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ... -Если Π²Ρ‹ Π² Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ тСхничСский вопрос ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ соглашСниС ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ спроситС. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Π²Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄. +Если Π²Ρ‹ Π² Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ тСхничСский вопрос ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ соглашСниС ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ спроситС. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Π²Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄. Если вопрос связан с тСхничСской ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ, Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… списках рассылки. Π£Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ соблазна Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ смоТСт ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅Ρ‡ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· вопроса ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π°. @@ -2521,10 +2528,10 @@ Relnotes: yes [.procedure] ==== -. Π’ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись. +. Π’ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись. . ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π’Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `Services` Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ `Bug Tracker` Π² качСствС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Π’ описании ошибки пСрСчислитС Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. -. Π’ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `FreeBSD.org`, ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ созданной ошибкС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ свСдСния ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ для вашСй ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи `FreeBSD.org`, см. Π² crossref:committers-guide[kerberos-ldap, Kerberos ΠΈ LDAP Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ для кластСра FreeBSD]. -. Если Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… записСй, ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…. +. Π’ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `FreeBSD.org`, ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ созданной ошибкС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ свСдСния ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ для вашСй ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи `FreeBSD.org`, см. Π² crossref:committers-guide[kerberos-ldap, Kerberos ΠΈ LDAP Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ для кластСра FreeBSD]. +. Если Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… записСй, ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…. ==== Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большС ΠΎ Bugzilla Π½Π°: @@ -2537,19 +2544,19 @@ Relnotes: yes ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ https://reviews.freebsd.org[Phabricator] для запросов Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° https://wiki.freebsd.org/Phabricator[страницС Phabricator Π² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΈ]. -ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `git arc`, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ `devel/freebsd-git-devtools` (установитС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `git help arc` для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ), для создания ΠΈ обновлСния Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ Π² Phabricator. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ упростит Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ процСсс ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ тСстирования Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ. +ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `git arc`, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ `devel/freebsd-git-arc` (установитС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `git help arc` для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ), для создания ΠΈ обновлСния Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ Π² Phabricator. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ упростит Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ процСсс рСцСнзирования ΠΈ тСстирования Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями Phabricator Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ``FreeBSD.org`` ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π² ``FreeBSD.org``, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ шаги: [.procedure] ==== -. Π˜Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ вашСй ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Phabricator Π½Π° ваш `FreeBSD.org` email. -. ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ Π² нашСм Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ошибок, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `FreeBSD.org`, см. crossref:committers-guide[bugzilla, Bugzilla] для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `Services` Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ `Code Review` Π² качСствС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Π’ описании ошибки запроситС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вашСй ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Phabricator ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ссылку Π½Π° вашСго ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Phabricator. НапримСр, `https://reviews.freebsd.org/p/bob_example.com/` +. Π˜Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ вашСй ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Phabricator Π½Π° ваш `FreeBSD.org` email. +. ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ Π² нашСм Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ошибок, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `FreeBSD.org`, см. crossref:committers-guide[bugzilla, Bugzilla] для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `Services` Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ `Code Review` Π² качСствС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Π’ описании ошибки запроситС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вашСй ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Phabricator ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ссылку Π½Π° вашСго ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Phabricator. НапримСр, `https://reviews.freebsd.org/p/bob_example.com/` ==== [IMPORTANT] ==== -Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи Phabricator Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‹, поТалуйста, Π½Π΅ создавайтС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись. +Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи Phabricator Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‹, поТалуйста, Π½Π΅ создавайтС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись. ==== [[people]] @@ -2715,30 +2722,35 @@ doceng β€” это Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°, отвСтствСнная Π·Π° инфрастр ВСрсии ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… компиляторов для ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `main` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `stable/X`, со Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. АвторитСтным источником ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вСрсиях компиляторов ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ CI, тСстируСмыС Π² кросс-сборках GitHub Actions ΠΈ Jenkins. [.tblbasic] -[cols="10*", options="header"] +[cols="12*", options="header"] |=== |Π’Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° | ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΈΠ»ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ |llvm12 | llvm13 | llvm14 | llvm15 | llvm18 -|amd64-gcc12 | amd64-gcc13 | amd64-gcc14 +|amd64-gcc12 | amd64-gcc13 | amd64-gcc14 | amd64-gcc15 +|riscv64-gcc15 |main | llvm 19 | | | | Y | Y -| Y | Y | Y +| Y | Y | Y | Y +| Y |stable/15 | llvm 19 | | | Y | | Y -| Y | Y | Y +| Y | Y | Y | +| |stable/14 | llvm 19 | Y | Y | Y | | -| Y | | Y +| Y | | Y | +| |stable/13 | llvm 19 | Y | Y | Y | | -| Y | | Y +| Y | | Y | +| |=== -Набор инструмСнтов Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ GCC тСстируСтся для amd64 Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· задания CI Π² Jenkins. Набор инструмСнтов Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ LLVM тСстируСтся для aarch64 ΠΈ arm64 Π² кросс-сборках GitHub. +Набор инструмСнтов Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ GCC тСстируСтся для amd64 ΠΈ riscv64 Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· задания CI Π² Jenkins. Набор инструмСнтов Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ LLVM тСстируСтся для aarch64 ΠΈ arm64 Π² кросс-сборках GitHub. === Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ прСдлоТСния @@ -2763,16 +2775,16 @@ doceng β€” это Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°, отвСтствСнная Π·Π° инфрастр FreeBSD β€” это _ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ_ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ любой ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСсса Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Π° для ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ изучСния. . НСкоторыС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ вопросы Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. + -К соТалСнию, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ прозрачности Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚. Как Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ FreeBSD, Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚ вас оТидаСтся соблюдСниС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. Иногда Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ исходит ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… сотрудников ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚. Однако Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв это вопрос Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ частных пСрСписок. +К соТалСнию, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ прозрачности Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚. Как Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ FreeBSD, Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚ вас оТидаСтся соблюдСниС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. Иногда Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ исходит ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… сотрудников ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚. Однако Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв это вопрос Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ частных пСрСписок. . ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ бСзопасности. + Π“Π΄Π΅ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ бСзопасности, Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ мноТСство Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, FreeBSD часто зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ доступа, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ увСдомлСния для согласованного выпуска. Если Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ FreeBSD Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² вопросах поддСрТания бСзопасности, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ доступ прСдоставлСн Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚. ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ доступ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ± уязвимостях Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ опрСдСляСт врСмя выпуска всСх ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Он ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условии ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρƒ любоР³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° с ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ знаниями для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ исправлСний бСзопасности. . ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ (Core Team) ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, сколько Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ. + ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅. Однако Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π° Π² СТСмСсячных ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ядра. Π‘ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Записи ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ особо Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² частных Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ… Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. -. БоглашСния ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ коммСрчСски Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +. БоглашСния ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ коммСрчСски Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. + -Доступ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ коммСрчСски Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдоставлСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ подписании БоглашСния ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… соглашСний Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π€ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° FreeBSD. +Доступ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ коммСрчСски Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдоставлСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ подписании БоглашСния ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… соглашСний Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΡŽΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π€ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° FreeBSD. . ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. + Помимо ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, сущСствуСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ пСрСписку ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· согласия всСх Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сторон. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ пСрСсылкой сообщСния Π² ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ рассылку, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π±-сайтС, доступном Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для исходных коррСспондСнтов, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. @@ -2861,7 +2873,7 @@ FreeBSD β€” это высокопортативная опСрационная * ИзмСнСния Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ сборку ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ Уровня 2. * Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 2 Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ экосистСму ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². * Π₯отя измСнСния, Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ABI ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства, допустимы, Π½Π΅ слСдуСт Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π±Π΅Π· вСской ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния ABI ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ основными вСрсиями. -* НовыС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ… Уровня 2, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° этих Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ…. +* НовыС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ… Уровня 2, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° этих Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ…. ==== Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 3: Π­ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ @@ -2910,7 +2922,7 @@ FreeBSD β€” это высокопортативная опСрационная ==== [[ports-qa-add-new-extra]] -==== Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°? +==== Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°? ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ компилируСтся ΠΈ собираСтся Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. @@ -2967,7 +2979,7 @@ FreeBSD β€” это высокопортативная опСрационная * Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#ports/LEGAL#, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ присутствуСт. ==== -ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ скрипт rmport ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#ports/Tools/scripts#. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ скрипт Π±Ρ‹Π» написан {vd}. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ вопросов ΠΎΠ± этом скриптС Π² {freebsd-ports}, поТалуйста, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ {crees}, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. +Или Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ скрипт rmport ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#ports/Tools/scripts#. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ скрипт Π±Ρ‹Π» написан {vd}. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ вопросов ΠΎΠ± этом скриптС Π² {freebsd-ports}, поТалуйста, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ {crees}, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. [[ports-qa-move-port]] === Как ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ мСсто? @@ -3145,7 +3157,7 @@ FreeBSD β€” это высокопортативная опСрационная + [NOTE] ==== -ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅ вашСго наставника Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вас Π² список "Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ участники" ([.filename]#doc/shared/contrib-additional.adoc#), Ссли вас Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. +ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅ вашСго наставника Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вас Π² список "Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ участники" ([.filename]#doc/shared/contrib-additional.adoc#), Ссли вас Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. ==== * crossref:committers-guide[developer.relations, ΠžΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ с Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ] * crossref:committers-guide[ssh.guide, Руководство ΠΏΠΎ быстрому Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с SSH] @@ -3194,7 +3206,7 @@ FreeBSD β€” это высокопортативная опСрационная https://gandi.net[Gandi] прСдоставляСт услуги хостинга Π²Π΅Π±-сайтов, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… вычислСний, рСгистрации Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ сСртификатов X.509. -Gandi прСдоставляСт скидку E-rate всСм Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ FreeBSD. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ процСсс получСния скидки, сначала создайтС ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Gandi, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π°Π»ΡŽΡ‚Ρƒ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ письмо ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу mailto:non-profit@gandi.net[non-profit@gandi.net] с вашСго адрСса `@freebsd.org`, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² ваш ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Gandi. +Gandi прСдоставляСт скидку E-rate всСм Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ FreeBSD. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ процСсс получСния скидки, сначала создайтС ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Gandi, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π°Π»ΡŽΡ‚Ρƒ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ письмо ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу mailto:non-profit@gandi.net[non-profit@gandi.net] с вашСго адрСса `@freebsd.org`, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² ваш ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Gandi. [[benefits-rsync]] === `rsync.net` diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.po index 4166efbb70..32c665734f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/committers-guide/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-13 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-13 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ msgid "" "2048-bit keys with a three-year expiration provide adequate protection at " "present (2022-10)." msgstr "" -"2048-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ с Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ сроком дСйствия ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ " +"2048-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ с Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ…Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ сроком дСйствия ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ " "Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ (2022-10)." #. type: Plain text @@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ msgid "" "LDAP is proxying to Kerberos in the cluster. Some of the services which " "require this include:" msgstr "" -"ΠšΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ FreeBSD Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ сСрвисам. " +"ΠšΠ»Π°ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ FreeBSD Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ сСрвисам. " "ΠŸΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Kerberos Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ слуТит Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ LDAP, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ LDAP проксируСт " "запросы ΠΊ Kerberos Π² кластСрС. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· сСрвисов, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΅Π³ΠΎ, " "Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚:" @@ -522,8 +522,8 @@ msgid "" "To create a new Kerberos account in the FreeBSD cluster, or to reset a " "Kerberos password for an existing account using a random password generator:" msgstr "" -"Для создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Kerberos Π² кластСрС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сброса " -"пароля Kerberos для ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи с использованиСм Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° " +"Для создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи Kerberos Π² кластСрС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сброса " +"пароля Kerberos для ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи с использованиСм Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° " "случайных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ:" #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ msgid "" "In the examples below, replace `${repo}` with the name of the desired " "FreeBSD repository: `doc`, `ports`, or `src`." msgstr "" -"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `${repo}` Π½Π° имя Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСпозитория " +"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `${repo}` Π½Π° имя Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСпозитория " "FreeBSD: `doc`, `ports` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `src`." #. type: Plain text @@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ msgstr "Π‘Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ°" msgid "" "Once you've downloaded, building is done as described in the handbook, e.g.:" msgstr "" -"ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сборка выполняСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π² руководствС, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" +"ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сборка выполняСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π² РуководствС, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:532 @@ -1502,11 +1502,11 @@ msgid "" "GENERIC. To have MYKERNEL disregarded by Git, it can be added to .git/info/" "exclude." msgstr "" -"Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ собствСнноС ядро, Π² extref:{handbook}kernelconfig[" -"Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра, kernelconfig] руководства FreeBSD рСкомСндуСтся " -"ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» MYKERNEL Π² sys/${ARCH}/conf с вашими измСнСниями Π½Π° основС " -"GENERIC. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Git ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» MYKERNEL, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² .git/info/" -"exclude." +"Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ собствСнноС ядро, Π² extref:{handbook}" +"kernelconfig[Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра, kernelconfig] руководства FreeBSD " +"рСкомСндуСтся ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» MYKERNEL Π² sys/${ARCH}/conf с вашими измСнСниями " +"Π½Π° основС GENERIC. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Git ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» MYKERNEL, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² .git/" +"info/exclude." #. type: Title ===== #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:538 @@ -2367,7 +2367,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:850 msgid "The new code is first, and your code is second." -msgstr "Новый ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ, Π° ваш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ - Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ." +msgstr "Новый ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ, Π° ваш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ - Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:852 @@ -2807,7 +2807,7 @@ msgid "" "If you do a MFC, and it goes horribly wrong and you want to start over, then " "the easiest way is to use `git reset --hard` like so:" msgstr "" -"Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ MFC, ΠΈ всё ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ уТасно Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ MFC, ΠΈ всё ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ уТасно Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "сначала, Ρ‚ΠΎ самый простой способ β€” ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `git reset --hard`, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅:" @@ -3254,11 +3254,11 @@ msgstr "" "криптографичСскиС подписи для подписывания ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ² git ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " "tar-Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² с исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ВсСгда провСряйтС эти подписи ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ " "ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ изоляции, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, chroot, Π² сочСтании с Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " -"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ " +"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ " "Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ рСгулярно (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ см. Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ «ОбновлСниС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° " "исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSDΒ» Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ " "исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ выглядит бСзопасным. ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ " -"Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ пСриодичСский просмотр ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " +"Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ пСриодичСский просмотр ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " "ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ качСства ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ принСсти ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρƒ всСм участникам. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ " "рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ git diff ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " "Π²Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°." @@ -4040,7 +4040,7 @@ msgid "" "specific to the software being imported and is beyond the scope of this " "tutorial." msgstr "" -"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ `glorbnitz` ΠΊ сборкС. Бпособ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это зависит ΠΎΡ‚ " +"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ `glorbnitz` ΠΊ сборкС. Бпособ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это зависит ΠΎΡ‚ " "ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ " "Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ руководства." @@ -4233,7 +4233,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСпозитория. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ свои измСнСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ " "Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² исходном Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ " "этой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ синтаксис отправляСт (push) Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `working` Π² `main`, " -"пСрСмСщая Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `main` Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄. Π’Ρ‹ смоТСтС ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ случаС, " +"пСрСмСщая Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ `main` Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄. Π’Ρ‹ смоТСтС ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ случаС, " "Ссли Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для `main` (Ρ‚.Π΅. Π±Π΅Π· слияний)." #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -5006,7 +5006,7 @@ msgid "" "branch that needs to be preserved due to this." msgstr "" "Π’Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΈ Π² Git Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ магичСского: ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ всСго лишь ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π΅, " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ просто ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. Из-Π·Π° этого " "Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ." @@ -5398,7 +5398,7 @@ msgid "" "fetch everything. To setup your repository to do that:" msgstr "" "Однако Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ряд Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… элСмСнтов. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, " -"Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ явныС спСцификации ссылок для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ " +"Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ явныС спСцификации ссылок для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ " "ссылок ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всё. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ваш Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ для этого:" #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -5591,7 +5591,7 @@ msgstr " git push --set-upstream github gnn-pr2001-fix\n" msgid "Setting the push as +git+ advises allows it to succeed:" msgstr "" "Если ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ (push) Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ совСтуСт +git+, Ρ‚ΠΎ это " -"позволяСт Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ:" +"позволяСт Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ:" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2036 @@ -5898,7 +5898,7 @@ msgstr "" "ПослС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с запросом Π½Π° принятиС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (pull request), " "Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйса GitHub. Π‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли ваш " "источник `github` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `https://`, СдинствСнным шагом, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"потрСбуСтся учСтная запись GitHub, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ запроса Π½Π° принятиС " +"потрСбуСтся учётная запись GitHub, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ запроса Π½Π° принятиС " "ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ." #. type: Title == @@ -6120,7 +6120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ PGP/GnuPG ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " "ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для подтвСрТдСния личности ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. НапримСр, `{admins}` " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ для восстановлСния ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ " +"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ для восстановлСния ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ `FreeBSD.org` доступСн для скачивания ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:https://" "docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/pgpkeys.txt[https://docs.FreeBSD.org/pgpkeys/" "pgpkeys.txt]." @@ -6175,8 +6175,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ Π²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ адрСсу FreeBSD позволяСт Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. Π’Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ " -"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это для исправлСния старых ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½, ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ… ΠΈ " -"Ρ‚.Π΄. Π² стандартном Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ `git log`." +"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это для исправлСния старых ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½, ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ‚." +"Π΄. Π² стандартном Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ `git log`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2209 @@ -6370,7 +6370,7 @@ msgid "" "infrastructure, follow the instructions below:" msgstr "" "Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ элСктронныС письма Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· инфраструктуру " -"FreeBSD.org, слСдуйтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ инструкциям:" +"FreeBSD.org, слСдуйтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ инструкциям:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2257 @@ -6833,7 +6833,7 @@ msgid "" "are:" msgstr "" "Иногда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ большС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π±Ρ‹, особСнно для " -"большого ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ‹Π΅ способы ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… " +"большого ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ‹Π΅ способы ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… " "ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ:" #. type: delimited block = 4 @@ -7405,10 +7405,7 @@ msgstr "`PR:`" #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2585 #, no-wrap msgid "The problem report (if any) which is affected (typically, by being closed) by this commit. Multiple PRs may be specified on one line, separated by commas or spaces." -msgstr "" -"НомСр ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (Ссли Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ), Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ влияСт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " -"ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ закрытия). МоТно ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² PR Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ строкС, раздСляя " -"ΠΈΡ… запятыми ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ." +msgstr "НомСр ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (Ссли Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ), Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ влияСт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ закрытия). МоТно ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² PR Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ строкС, раздСляя ΠΈΡ… запятыми ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ." #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2586 @@ -7433,25 +7430,34 @@ msgstr "" #, no-wrap msgid "" "`Submitted by:` +\n" -"(deprecated)" +"(discouraged)" msgstr "" "`Submitted by:` +\n" -"(deprecated)" +"(Π½Π΅ рСкомСндуСтся)" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2594 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2596 #, no-wrap -msgid "This has been deprecated with git; submitted patches should have the author set by using `git commit --author` with a full name and valid email." -msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ устарСло Π² git; отправляСмыС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `git commit --author` с ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ email." +msgid "" +"Name of an author who submitted a change without providing a full valid patch, especially without a valid email.\n" +"Submitted patches should have the author set by using `git commit --author` with a full name and valid email.\n" +"Before the migration to git allowed separate author and committer fields, this was used for contributed patches." +msgstr "" +"Имя Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π· прСдоставлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " +"ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π°, особСнно Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ адрСса элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹.\n" +"ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `git " +"commit --author` с ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹.\n" +"Π”ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° git, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° появилась Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ поля Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΈ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, это использовалось для присланных ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2595 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2597 #, no-wrap msgid "`Reviewed by:`" msgstr "`Reviewed by:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2610 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2612 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The name and e-mail address of the person or people that reviewed the change; for developers, just the username on the FreeBSD cluster. If a patch was submitted to a mailing list for review, and the review was favorable, then just include the list name. If the reviewer is not a member of the project, provide the name, email, and if ports an external role like maintainer:\n" @@ -7483,25 +7489,25 @@ msgstr "" "...." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2611 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2613 #, no-wrap msgid "`Tested by:`" msgstr "`Tested by:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2613 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2615 #, no-wrap msgid "The name and e-mail address of the person or people that tested the change; for developers, just the username on the FreeBSD cluster." msgstr "Имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ людСй, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅; для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² β€” просто имя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Π² кластСрС FreeBSD." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2614 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2616 #, no-wrap msgid "`Discussed with:`" msgstr "`Discussed with:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2617 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2619 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The name and e-mail address of the person or people that contributed to the patch by providing meaningful feedback; for developers, just the username on the FreeBSD cluster.\n" @@ -7511,13 +7517,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для упоминания Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ» явного рСцСнзирования, тСстирования ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ одобрСния измСнСния, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ участвовал Π² обсуТдСнии, связанном с ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ пониманию Π΅Π³ΠΎ влияния Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2618 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2620 #, no-wrap msgid "`Approved by:`" msgstr "`Approved by:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2644 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2646 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The name and e-mail address of the person or people that approved the change; for developers, just the username on the FreeBSD cluster.\n" @@ -7569,158 +7575,152 @@ msgstr "" "...." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2645 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2647 #, no-wrap msgid "`Obtained from:`" msgstr "`Obtained from:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2647 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2649 #, no-wrap msgid "The name of the project (if any) from which the code was obtained. Do not use this line for the name of an individual person." msgstr "НазваниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (Ссли Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ), ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄. НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ эту строку для указания ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2648 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2650 #, no-wrap msgid "`Fixes:`" msgstr "`Fixes:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2651 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2653 #, no-wrap msgid "" -"The Git short hash and the title line of a commit that is fixed by this change as returned by `git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h (\"%s\")' GIT-COMMIT-HASH`.\n" +"The Git short hash and the title line of a commit that is fixed by this change as returned by `git log -n1 --format='%h (\"%s\")' GIT-COMMIT-HASH`.\n" "We include the commit title so that the referenced commit can be located even in the case that a future VCS migration invalidates hash references." msgstr "" -"ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ…ΡΡˆ Git ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ исправлСн этим ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ возвращаСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h (\"%s\")' GIT-COMMIT-HASH`.\n" -"ΠœΡ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π² случаС, Ссли будущая миграция систСмы контроля вСрсий сдСлаСт ссылки ΠΏΠΎ Ρ…ΡΡˆΡƒ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ." +"ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ…ΡΡˆ Git ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ исправлСн этим ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"возвращаСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `git log -n1 --format:'%h (\"%s\")' GIT-COMMIT-HASH`.\n" +"ΠœΡ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ " +"Π² случаС, Ссли будущая миграция систСмы контроля вСрсий сдСлаСт ссылки ΠΏΠΎ " +"Ρ…ΡΡˆΡƒ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2652 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2654 #, no-wrap msgid "`MFC after:`" msgstr "`MFC after:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2654 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2656 #, no-wrap msgid "To receive an e-mail reminder to MFC at a later date, specify the number of days, weeks, or months after which an MFC is planned." -msgstr "Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ MFC Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ количСство Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, нСдСль ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСсяцСв, послС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… планируСтся Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ MFC." +msgstr "Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ MFC Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ количСство Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, нСдСль ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСсяцСв, послС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… планируСтся Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ MFC." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2655 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2657 #, no-wrap msgid "`MFC to:`" msgstr "`MFC to:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2657 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2659 #, no-wrap msgid "If the commit should be merged to a subset of stable branches, specify the branch names." msgstr "Если ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано слияниС Π² подмноТСство ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ названия Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2658 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2660 #, no-wrap msgid "`MFH:`" msgstr "`MFH:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2660 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2662 #, no-wrap msgid "If the commit is to be merged into a ports quarterly branch name, specify the quarterly branch. For example `2021Q2`." msgstr "Если ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано слияниС Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. НапримСр, `2021Q2`." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2661 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2663 #, no-wrap msgid "`Relnotes:`" msgstr "`Relnotes:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2662 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2664 #, no-wrap msgid "If the change is a candidate for inclusion in the release notes for the next release from the branch, set to `yes`." msgstr "Если ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ являСтся ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² примСчания ΠΊ выпуску ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ вСрсии ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, установитС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `yes`." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2663 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2665 #, no-wrap msgid "Candidates are user-visible changes, new features, compatibility breaks, etc.." -msgstr "" -"ΠšΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ измСнСния, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ, Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, " -"Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ совмСстимости ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄." +msgstr "ΠšΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ измСнСния, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ, Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ совмСстимости ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2664 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2666 #, no-wrap msgid "If you forget to set this line, or want to provide more details, add an entry to the `RELNOTES` file in the root of the src tree." -msgstr "" -"Если Π²Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эту строку ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ " -"ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ запись Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» `RELNOTES` Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° " -"src." +msgstr "Если Π²Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эту строку ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ запись Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» `RELNOTES` Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° src." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2665 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2667 #, no-wrap msgid "The `RELNOTES` file is used to generate release notes for the next release." -msgstr "" -"Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» `RELNOTES` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ выпуску для " -"ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°." +msgstr "Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» `RELNOTES` ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ выпуску для ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2667 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2669 #, no-wrap msgid "Do not use the `Relnotes:` line to describe the change: its only valid value is `yes`." -msgstr "" -"НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ строку `Relnotes:` для описания измСнСния: Π΅Π΅ СдинствСнноС " -"допустимоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ - `yes`." +msgstr "НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ строку `Relnotes:` для описания измСнСния: Π΅Ρ‘ СдинствСнноС допустимоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ - `yes`." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2668 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2670 #, no-wrap msgid "`Security:`" msgstr "`Security:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2670 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2672 #, no-wrap msgid "If the change is related to a security vulnerability or security exposure, include one or more references or a description of the issue. If possible, include a VuXML URL or a CVE ID." msgstr "Если ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ связано с ΡƒΡΠ·Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉ бСзопасности, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько ссылок Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ описаниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. По возмоТности Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ URL VuXML ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ CVE." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2671 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2673 #, no-wrap msgid "`Event:`" msgstr "`Event:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2673 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2675 #, no-wrap msgid "The description for the event where this commit was made. If this is a recurring event, add the year or even the month to it. For example, this could be `FooBSDcon 2019`. The idea behind this line is to put recognition to conferences, gatherings, and other types of meetups and to show that these are useful to have. Please do not use the `Sponsored by:` line for this as that is meant for organizations sponsoring certain features or developers working on them." msgstr "ОписаниС события, Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ этот ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚. Если это ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ событиС, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяц. НапримСр, это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ `FooBSDcon 2019`. ИдСя этой строки β€” ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ конфСрСнциям, встрСчам ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ мСроприятиям, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ. ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ строку `Sponsored by:` для этого, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° для ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π΄ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2674 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2676 #, no-wrap msgid "`Sponsored by:`" msgstr "`Sponsored by:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2676 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2678 #, no-wrap msgid "Sponsoring organizations for this change, if any. Separate multiple organizations with commas. If only a portion of the work was sponsored, or different amounts of sponsorship were provided to different authors, please give appropriate credit in parentheses after each sponsor name. For example, `Example.com (alice, code refactoring), Wormulon (bob), Momcorp (cindy)` shows that Alice was sponsored by Example.com to do code refactoring, while Wormulon sponsored Bob's work and Momcorp sponsored Cindy's work. Other authors were either not sponsored or chose not to list sponsorship." msgstr "ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ это ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Ссли Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ). РаздСляйтС нСсколько ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ запятыми. Если Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° спонсирована ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ суммы спонсорской ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ прСдоставлСны Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π² скобках послС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ спонсора. НапримСр, `Example.com (alice, code refactoring), Wormulon (bob), Momcorp (cindy)` ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Alice Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° спонсирована Example.com для Ρ€Π΅Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Wormulon спонсировал Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Bob, Π° Momcorp спонсировал Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Cindy. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ спонсированы, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ спонсорство." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2677 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2679 #, no-wrap msgid "`Pull Request:`" msgstr "`Pull Request:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2681 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2683 #, no-wrap msgid "" "This change was submitted as a pull request or merge request against one of FreeBSD's public read-only Git repositories.\n" @@ -7732,13 +7732,33 @@ msgstr "" "НапримСр: `https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/745`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2682 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2684 +#, no-wrap +msgid "`Closes:`" +msgstr "`Closes:`" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2688 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"This change concludes the patch series discussed at the specified Github pull request, and closes that request.\n" +"It should include the entire URL to the pull request, as these often act as code reviews for the code.\n" +"For example: `https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/745`" +msgstr "" +"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ адрСсу Π² " +"pull request Π½Π° GitHub, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ запрос.\n" +"Оно Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ URL запроса Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ " +"часто Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°.\n" +"НапримСр: `https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/745`" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2689 #, no-wrap msgid "`Co-authored-by:`" msgstr "`Co-authored-by:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2685 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2692 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The name and email address of an additional author of the commit.\n" @@ -7748,37 +7768,37 @@ msgstr "" "GitHub содСрТит ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠ»Π΅Ρ€Π° Co-authored-by ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/committing-changes-to-your-project/creating-and-editing-commits/creating-a-commit-with-multiple-authors." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2686 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2693 #, no-wrap msgid "`Signed-off-by:`" msgstr "`Signed-off-by:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2688 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2695 #, no-wrap msgid "ID certifies compliance with https://developercertificate.org/" msgstr "ID ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ соотвСтствиС трСбованиям https://developercertificate.org/" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2689 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2696 #, no-wrap msgid "`Differential Revision:`" msgstr "`Differential Revision:`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2691 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2698 #, no-wrap msgid "The full URL of the Phabricator review. This line __must be the last line__. For example: `https://reviews.freebsd.org/D1708`." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ URL ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° Π² Phabricator. Π­Ρ‚Π° строка __Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ послСднСй строкой__. НапримСр: `https://reviews.freebsd.org/D1708`." #. type: Block title -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2693 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2700 #, no-wrap msgid "Commit Log for a Commit Based on a PR" msgstr "Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° Π½Π° основС PR" #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2699 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2706 msgid "" "The commit is based on a patch from a PR submitted by John Smith. The " "commit message \"PR\" field is filled." @@ -7787,23 +7807,23 @@ msgstr "" "сообщСнии ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ." #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2703 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2721 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2736 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2752 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2767 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2710 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2728 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2743 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2759 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/committers-guide/_index.adoc:2774 #, no-wrap msgid "...\n" msgstr "...\n" *** 3378 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 10:56:06 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYZs21kbKz6VZlS for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:56:06 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 2221d by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:56:06 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 71b83b7afb - main - update translation of articles/ipsec-must to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 71b83b7afb2492899625a79214099f41288051bd Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:56:06 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69046.2221d.6c71fead@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=71b83b7afb2492899625a79214099f41288051bd commit 71b83b7afb2492899625a79214099f41288051bd Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 10:55:53 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 10:55:53 +0000 update translation of articles/ipsec-must to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55569 --- .../content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc | 14 ++--- .../content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.po | 64 +++++++++++----------- 2 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc index 33c20f6061..a85d43c288 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc @@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ toc::[] [[problem]] == ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ -Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π’Ρ‹ crossref::ipsec-must[ipsec-install, установили IPsec]. Как Π’Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IPsec crossref::ipsec-must[caveat, Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдостСрСТСниС]? НСсомнСнно, соСдинСния Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚, Ссли Π’Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сконфигурировали. И ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, появится Π² Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:netstat[1], ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π’Ρ‹ всё сдСлаСтС Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ. Но ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сам Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ функционирования IPsec? +Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ crossref:ipsec-must[ipsec-install, установили IPsec]. Как Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IPsec crossref:ipsec-must[caveat, Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдостСрСТСниС]? НСсомнСнно, соСдинСния Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сконфигурировали. И ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, появится Π² Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:netstat[1], ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ всё сдСлаСтС Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ. Но ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сам Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ функционирования IPsec? [[solution]] == РСшСниС -Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΎ криптографичСской Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ: +Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ криптографичСской Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ: . Π¨ΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ распрСдСлСны ΠΏΠΎ области опрСдСлСния, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ символ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ; . "Π‘Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‹Π΅" ΠΈ нСсТатыС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… энтропия мСньшС максимально Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. @@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ toc::[] [[MUST]] === MUST -"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст для Π“Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ЧисСл" Уэли ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ueli Maurer's Universal Statistical Test for Random Bit Generators), сокращённо http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Code/4704/universal.pdf[MUST], позволяСт быстро ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ сТатия. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ crossref::ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚))] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… кусков Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°. +"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст для Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² случайных чисСл" Уэли ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ueli Maurer's Universal Statistical Test for Random Bit Generators), сокращённо http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Code/4704/universal.pdf[MUST], позволяСт быстро ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ сТатия. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ crossref:ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚))] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… кусков Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°. [[tcpdump]] === Tcpdump -Π•Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ способ сохранСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, проходящСй Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· интСрфСйс. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° man:tcpdump[1] позволяСт ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² случаС, Ссли Ρƒ Вас ядро crossref::ipsec-must[kernel,src/sys/i386/conf/KERNELNAME] с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΎΠΉ __ΠŸΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π° Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ (Berkeley Packet Filter)__. +Π•Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ способ сохранСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, проходящСй Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· интСрфСйс. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° man:tcpdump[1] позволяСт ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² случаС, Ссли Ρƒ вас ядро crossref:ipsec-must[kernel,src/sys/i386/conf/KERNELNAME] с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΎΠΉ __ΠŸΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π° Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ (Berkeley Packet Filter)__. Команда: @@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ toc::[] [.procedure] ==== . ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… с ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π» IPsec, Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ - с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, "Π½Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ" ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. -. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ запуститС crossref::ipsec-must[tcpdump, Tcpdump]. +. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ запуститС crossref:ipsec-must[tcpdump, Tcpdump]. . Π’ "ΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ" ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π΅ запуститС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ UNIX(R) man:yes[1], которая Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ бСсконСчный ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ символов `y`. НСмноТко ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΎ (Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π» IPsec) ΠΈ сдСлайтС Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ самоС. -. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ этап: запуститС crossref::ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚)], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π² Π΅ΠΌΡƒ для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сохранённыС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΡƒΡŽ строку. Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ бСзопасноС соСдинСниС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ 93% (6,7) ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ значСния (7,18), Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ соСдинСниС - всСго лишь 29% (2,1). +. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ этап: запуститС crossref:ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚)], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π² Π΅ΠΌΡƒ для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сохранённыС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΡƒΡŽ строку. Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ бСзопасноС соСдинСниС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ 93% (6,7) ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ значСния (7,18), Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ соСдинСниС - всСго лишь 29% (2,1). + [source, shell] .... @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ device bpf .... [[code]] -== Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚) +== Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚) ΠžΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π» Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° находится ΠΏΠΎ https://web.archive.org/web/20031204230654/http://www.geocities.com:80/SiliconValley/Code/4704/uliscanc.txt[ этому адрСсу]. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.po index 8d00f59930..9c84f5f8ea 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ipsec-must/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-02 03:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:58 msgid "" -"First, lets assume you have crossref::ipsec-must[ipsec-install, Installing " -"IPsec]. How do you know it is crossref::ipsec-must[caveat, Caveat]? Sure, " +"First, lets assume you have crossref:ipsec-must[ipsec-install, Installing " +"IPsec]. How do you know it is crossref:ipsec-must[caveat, Caveat]? Sure, " "your connection will not work if it is misconfigured, and it will work when " "you finally get it right. man:netstat[1] will list it. But can you " "independently confirm it?" msgstr "" -"Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π’Ρ‹ crossref::ipsec-must[ipsec-install, " -"установили IPsec]. Как Π’Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IPsec crossref::ipsec-must[caveat, " -"Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдостСрСТСниС]? НСсомнСнно, соСдинСния Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚, Ссли Π’Ρ‹ " -"Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сконфигурировали. И ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, появится Π² Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:" -"netstat[1], ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π’Ρ‹ всё сдСлаСтС Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ. Но ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сам " -"Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ функционирования IPsec?" +"Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ crossref:ipsec-must[ipsec-install, установили " +"IPsec]. Как Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IPsec crossref:ipsec-must[caveat, Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"прСдостСрСТСниС]? НСсомнСнно, соСдинСния Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ " +"сконфигурировали. И ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, появится Π² Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:netstat[1], " +"ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ всё сдСлаСтС Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ. Но ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сам Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ " +"функционирования IPsec?" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:60 @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ msgstr "РСшСниС" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:63 msgid "First, some crypto-relevant info theory:" -msgstr "Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΎ криптографичСской Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ:" +msgstr "Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ криптографичСской Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:65 @@ -122,17 +122,17 @@ msgid "" "Ueli Maurer's \"Universal Statistical Test for Random Bit Generators" "\"(https://web.archive.org/web/20011115002319/http://www.geocities.com/" "SiliconValley/Code/4704/universal.pdf[MUST]) quickly measures the entropy of " -"a sample. It uses a compression-like algorithm. crossref::ipsec-must[code, " +"a sample. It uses a compression-like algorithm. crossref:ipsec-must[code, " "Maurer's Universal Statistical Test (for block size8 bits)] for a variant " "which measures successive (~quarter megabyte) chunks of a file." msgstr "" -"\"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст для Π“Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ЧисСл\" Уэли " -"ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ueli Maurer's Universal Statistical Test for Random Bit " -"Generators), сокращённо http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Code/4704/" -"universal.pdf[MUST], позволяСт быстро ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ сТатия. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ " -"crossref::ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ " -"Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚))] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ " +"\"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст для Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² случайных чисСл\" Уэли " +"ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ueli Maurer's Universal Statistical Test for Random Bit Generators)" +", сокращённо http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Code/4704/universal." +"pdf[MUST], позволяСт быстро ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° " +"Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ сТатия. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ crossref" +":ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - " +"8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚))] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ " "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… кусков Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°." #. type: Title === @@ -146,13 +146,13 @@ msgstr "Tcpdump" msgid "" "We also need a way to capture the raw network data. A program called man:" "tcpdump[1] lets you do this, if you have enabled the _Berkeley Packet " -"Filter_ interface in your crossref::ipsec-must[kernel,src/sys/i386/conf/" +"Filter_ interface in your crossref:ipsec-must[kernel,src/sys/i386/conf/" "KERNELNAME]." msgstr "" "Π•Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ способ сохранСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, проходящСй Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· интСрфСйс. " -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° man:tcpdump[1] позволяСт ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² случаС, Ссли Ρƒ Вас ядро " -"crossref::ipsec-must[kernel,src/sys/i386/conf/KERNELNAME] с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΎΠΉ " -"__ΠŸΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π° Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ (Berkeley Packet Filter)__." +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° man:tcpdump[1] позволяСт ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² случаС, Ссли Ρƒ вас ядро " +"crossref:ipsec-must[kernel,src/sys/i386/conf/KERNELNAME] с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΎΠΉ " +"__ΠŸΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π° Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ (Berkeley Packet Filter)__." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:86 @@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:104 -msgid "Now start crossref::ipsec-must[tcpdump, Tcpdump]." -msgstr "Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ запуститС crossref::ipsec-must[tcpdump, Tcpdump]." +msgid "Now start crossref:ipsec-must[tcpdump, Tcpdump]." +msgstr "Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ запуститС crossref:ipsec-must[tcpdump, Tcpdump]." #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:105 @@ -213,14 +213,14 @@ msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:106 msgid "" -"Now run crossref::ipsec-must[code, Maurer's Universal Statistical Test (for " +"Now run crossref:ipsec-must[code, Maurer's Universal Statistical Test (for " "block size8 bits)] on the captured packets. You should see something like " "the following. The important thing to note is that the secure connection has " "93% (6.7) of the expected value (7.18), and the \"normal\" connection has " "29% (2.1) of the expected value." msgstr "" -"Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ этап: запуститС crossref::ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ " -"БтатистичСский ВСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚)], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π² Π΅ΠΌΡƒ для " +"Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ этап: запуститС crossref:ipsec-must[code, Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ " +"статистичСский тСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚)], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π² Π΅ΠΌΡƒ для " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сохранённыС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΡƒΡŽ строку. Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ " "ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ бСзопасноС " "соСдинСниС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ 93% (6,7) ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ значСния (7,18), Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ " @@ -330,8 +330,8 @@ msgid "" "A comprehensive guide on running IPsec on FreeBSD is provided in extref:{vpn-" "ipsec}[VPN over IPsec]." msgstr "" -"Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ IPsec Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² extref" -":{vpn-ipsec}[VPN Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· IPsec]." +"Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ IPsec Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² " +"extref:{vpn-ipsec}[VPN Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· IPsec]." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:150 @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ msgstr "device\tbpf\n" #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:161 #, no-wrap msgid "Maurer's Universal Statistical Test (for block size=8 bits)" -msgstr "Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ БтатистичСский ВСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚)" +msgstr "Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ статистичСский тСст ΠœΠ°ΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π° (Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° - 8 Π±ΠΈΡ‚)" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/ipsec-must/_index.adoc:164 From nobody Sun Mar 15 10:59:04 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYZwZ0mr6z6Vb8B for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:59:09 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 202d4 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:59:04 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 5cbfbb4710 - main - update translation of articles/nanobsd to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 5cbfbb4710fd2186ffdea1c05d2c6970bec9bf77 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 10:59:04 +0000 Message-Id: <69b690f8.202d4.6a260a6d@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=5cbfbb4710fd2186ffdea1c05d2c6970bec9bf77 commit 5cbfbb4710fd2186ffdea1c05d2c6970bec9bf77 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 10:58:51 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 10:58:51 +0000 update translation of articles/nanobsd to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55570 --- .../content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc | 32 +- .../content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.po | 429 +++++++++++---------- 2 files changed, 247 insertions(+), 214 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc index 903f6c41ba..c7b00566ef 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc @@ -137,19 +137,20 @@ NanoBSD β€” это инструмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ {phk} ΠΈ Π² ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° NanoBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² сборки Π² [.filename]#nanobsd.sh# Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΡƒΡŽ строку. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ сущСствСнно ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° процСсс сборки. -НСкоторыС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для информирования Π² большСм ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСньшСм объСмС: +НСкоторыС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с большСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСньшСй ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡŽ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ: * `-h`: Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ страницу с ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ справкой. * `-q`: Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. -* `-v`: Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ +* `-v`: Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. НСкоторыС Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для ограничСния процСсса сборки. Иногда Π½Π΅Ρ‚ нСобходимости ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всё ΠΈΠ· исходников, особСнно Ссли ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» собран ΠΈ внСсСны лишь нСбольшиС измСнСния. -* `-k`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро -* `-w`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ world -* `-b`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈ ядро, Π½ΠΈ систСму +* `-k`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро. +* `-w`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (world). +* `-b`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈ ядро, Π½ΠΈ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. * `-i`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ создан, Π΅Π³ΠΎ нСльзя Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ man:dd[1]. -* `-f`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ для Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ обновлСния) +* `-f`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ для Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ обновлСния). +* `-p`: Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сцСнариСв настройки ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ настройки для ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° ΠΈΠ· world, ядра ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². * `-n`: добавляСт `-DNO_CLEAN` ΠΊ `buildworld`, `buildkernel`. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, всС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ собраны Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ запускС, ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для настройки мноТСства элСмСнтов. Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `-c` @@ -157,12 +158,15 @@ NanoBSD β€” это инструмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ {phk} ΠΈ Π² ПослСдниС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹: * `-K`: Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска Π±Π΅Π· ядра Π½Π΅ смоТСт Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. +* `-W`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. +* `-B`: Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈ ядро, Π½ΠΈ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. +* `-I`: ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска ΠΈΠ· ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ сборки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ установки. НС ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро, систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ etc, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска. ==== ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс сборки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс сборки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· мноТСство этапов. Π’ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ шаги зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ запускС скрипта. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ условии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ скрипт Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚. -. `run_early_customize`: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² прСдоставлСнном Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +. `run_early_customize`: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² прСдоставлСнном Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. . `clean_build`: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ срСду сборки, удаляя Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ созданныС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹. . `make_conf_build`: Π‘ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ make.conf ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… `CONF_WORLD` ΠΈ `CONF_BUILD`. . `build_world`: Π‘Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° систСмы. @@ -177,7 +181,7 @@ NanoBSD β€” это инструмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ {phk} ΠΈ Π² . `setup_nanobsd`: создаётся ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ структура ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#/usr/local/etc# пСрСмСщаСтся Π² [.filename]#/etc/local#, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ создаётся символичСская ссылка ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/etc/local# ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#/usr/local/etc#. . `prune_usr`: пустыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² [.filename]#/usr# ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. . `run_late_customize`: Π½Π° этом этапС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ самыС послСдниС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ скрипты. -. `fixup_before_diskimage`: ВывСсти список всСх установлСнных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² metalog +. `fixup_before_diskimage`: ВывСсти список всСх установлСнных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² metalog. . `create_diskimage`: создаСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска Π½Π° основС прСдоставлСнных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ диска. . `last_orders`: Π² настоящСС врСмя Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚. @@ -203,7 +207,7 @@ NanoBSD β€” это инструмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ {phk} ΠΈ Π² Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ состоит ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. НаиболСС Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹: -* `NANO_NAME` - Имя сборки (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²). +* `NANO_NAME` - Имя сборки (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²). * `NANO_SRC` - ΠŸΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ исходному Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρƒ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ для сборки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°. * `NANO_KERNEL` - Имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для сборки ядра. * `CONF_BUILD` - ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π½Π° этапС `buildworld` сборки. @@ -218,7 +222,7 @@ NanoBSD β€” это инструмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ {phk} ΠΈ Π² БущСствуСт Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ этапа, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ замыслу ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ внСсти измСнСния, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° процСсс сборки, просто установив ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π² прСдоставлСнном ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅: * `run_early_customize`: Π΄ΠΎ выполнСния Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… дСйствий. -* `run_customize`: послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ всС стандартныС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ +* `run_customize`: послС размСщСния всСх стандартных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². * `run_late_customize`: Π² самом ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ процСсса, нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ созданиСм фактичСского ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° NanoBSD. Для настройки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° NanoBSD Π½Π° любом ΠΈΠ· этих этапов Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. @@ -255,7 +259,7 @@ NanoBSD β€” это инструмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ {phk} ΠΈ Π² * ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ NanoBSD Π² основном ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для создания ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° систСмы для устройства, прСдполагаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ носитСли Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСбольшими. По этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ файловая систСма настроСна Π½Π° использованиС нСбольшого Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ° (4 Кб) ΠΈ нСбольшого Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚). ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `NANO_NEWFS`, Π½ΠΎ синтаксис Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:newfs[8]. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Soft Updates. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ± этом ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² e xtref:{handbook}[FreeBSD Handbook]. * Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ с использованиСм `NANO_CODESIZE`, `NANO_CONFSIZE` ΠΈ `NANO_DATASIZE` Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 512-Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ сСкторам. `NANO_CODESIZE` опрСдСляСт Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°: `code#1` ΠΈ `code#2`. Они Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно большими, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, созданныС Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ процСссов `buildworld` ΠΈ `buildkernel`. `NANO_CONFSIZE` опрСдСляСт Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° для ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², поэтому ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ большим; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ стоит Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ слишком малСньким, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹. НаконСц, `NANO_DATASIZE` опрСдСляС Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° устройствС. ПослСдний Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использован, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, для хранСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², создаваСмых Π½Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ Π½Π° дискС. -==== ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π€ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ +==== ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ NanoBSD с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ модСль ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ: @@ -358,7 +362,7 @@ customize_cmd cust_nobeastie НапримСр, FTP-ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈ сСрвСр ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `WITHOUT_FTP=TRUE` Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ `CONF_BUILD` ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сборки. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Ссли устройство NanoBSD Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для сборки ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `WITHOUT_BINUTILS=TRUE` Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» `CONF_INSTALL`, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» `CONF_BUILD`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для сборки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° NanoBSD. -НС сборка ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ β€” Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ компиляции β€” сокращаСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя сборки ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дискового ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ отсутствиС установки Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π½Π΅ сокращаСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя сборки. +Π˜ΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сборки ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ компиляции β€” сокращаСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя сборки ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дискового ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ отсутствиС установки Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π½Π΅ сокращаСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя сборки. === ОбновлСниС NanoBSD @@ -377,7 +381,7 @@ customize_cmd cust_nobeastie Для установки Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ систСму NanoBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ скрипт [.filename]#updatep1# ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ [.filename]#updatep2#, располоТСнный Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ [.filename]#/root#, Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, с ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° тСкущая систСма. -Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ слуТбы доступны Π½Π° хостС, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· NanoBSD, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· этих Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… способов: +Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ слуТбы доступны Π½Π° хостС, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· NanoBSD, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… способов: ==== ИспользованиС man:ftp[1] @@ -413,7 +417,7 @@ myhost# nc -l 2222 < _.disk.image + [NOTE] ====== -Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‘ΠΌΠ° входящих ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ с хоста NanoBSD мСТсСтСвым экраном. +Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ мСТсСтСвым экраном для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‘ΠΌΠ° входящих соСдинСний с хоста NanoBSD. ====== . ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ хосту, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ скрипт [.filename]#updatep1#: + diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.po index 68a9ca7cb6..d037e5aeb9 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/nanobsd/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-17 20:35-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -23,11 +23,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "This document provides information about the NanoBSD tools, which can be used to create FreeBSD system images for embedded applications, suitable for use on a USB key, memory card or other mass storage media." -msgstr "" -"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ прСдоставляСт ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ± инструмСнтах NanoBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ " -"ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для создания ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² систСмы FreeBSD для " -"встраиваСмых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, подходящих для использования Π½Π° USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅, " -"ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅ памяти ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… носитСлях Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…." +msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ прСдоставляСт ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ± инструмСнтах NanoBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для создания ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² систСмы FreeBSD для встраиваСмых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, подходящих для использования Π½Π° USB-Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅, ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅ памяти ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… носитСлях Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:1 @@ -63,11 +59,10 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:60 msgid "" "It can be used to build specialized install images, designed for easy " -"installation and maintenance of systems commonly called \"computer " -"appliances\". Computer appliances have their hardware and software bundled " -"in the product, which means all applications are pre-installed. The " -"appliance is plugged into an existing network and can begin working (almost) " -"immediately." +"installation and maintenance of systems commonly called \"computer appliances" +"\". Computer appliances have their hardware and software bundled in the " +"product, which means all applications are pre-installed. The appliance is " +"plugged into an existing network and can begin working (almost) immediately." msgstr "" "Он ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для создания спСциализированных установочных " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для простой установки ΠΈ обслуТивания систСм, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " @@ -260,8 +255,8 @@ msgid "" "For more details, follow the steps extref:{handbook}cutting-edge#updating-" "src-obtaining-src[here]." msgstr "" -"Для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ шаги, описанныС extref:{handbook" -"}cutting-edge#updating-src-obtaining-src[здСсь]." +"Для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ шаги, описанныС extref:{handbook}" +"cutting-edge#updating-src-obtaining-src[здСсь]." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:123 @@ -339,8 +334,8 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:148 msgid "Some options are for verbosity purposes:" msgstr "" -"НСкоторыС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для информирования Π² большСм ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСньшСм " -"объСмС:" +"НСкоторыС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с большСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"мСньшСй ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡŽ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:150 @@ -354,8 +349,8 @@ msgstr "`-q`: Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:152 -msgid "`-v`: makes output more verbose" -msgstr "`-v`: Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ" +msgid "`-v`: makes output more verbose." +msgstr "`-v`: Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:155 @@ -370,18 +365,18 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:157 -msgid "`-k`: do not build the kernel" -msgstr "`-k`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро" +msgid "`-k`: do not build the kernel." +msgstr "`-k`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:158 -msgid "`-w`: do not build world" -msgstr "`-w`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ world" +msgid "`-w`: do not build world." +msgstr "`-w`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (world)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:159 -msgid "`-b`: do not build either kernel and world" -msgstr "`-b`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈ ядро, Π½ΠΈ систСму" +msgid "`-b`: do not build either kernel and world." +msgstr "`-b`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈ ядро, Π½ΠΈ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:160 @@ -396,14 +391,25 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:161 msgid "" "`-f`: do not build a disk image of the first partition (which is useful for " -"upgrade purposes)" +"upgrade purposes)." msgstr "" "`-f`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ для Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ " -"обновлСния)" +"обновлСния)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:162 msgid "" +"`-p`: do not prepare the image. Skip running customization and early-" +"customization scripts for incremental image refinement from world, kernel, " +"or packages." +msgstr "" +"`-p`: Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сцСнариСв настройки ΠΈ " +"Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ настройки для ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° ΠΈΠ· world, ядра ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:163 +msgid "" "`-n`: add `-DNO_CLEAN` to `buildworld`, `buildkernel`. Also, all the files " "that have already been built in a previous run are kept." msgstr "" @@ -411,7 +417,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ собраны Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ запускС, ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:165 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:166 msgid "" "A configuration file can be used to tweak as many elements as desired. Load " "it with `-c`" @@ -420,12 +426,12 @@ msgstr "" "Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `-c`" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:167 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:168 msgid "The last options are:" msgstr "ПослСдниС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:169 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:170 msgid "" "`-K`: do not install a kernel. A disk image without a kernel will not be " "able to achieve a normal boot sequence." @@ -433,14 +439,35 @@ msgstr "" "`-K`: Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска Π±Π΅Π· ядра Π½Π΅ смоТСт Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " "Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ." +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:171 +msgid "`-W`: do not install world." +msgstr "`-W`: Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:172 +msgid "`-B`: do not install either kernel and world." +msgstr "`-B`: Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈ ядро, Π½ΠΈ систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:173 +msgid "" +"`-I`: build a disk image from an existing build or install. Do not build or " +"install kernel, world, and the etc configuration file, just create the disk " +"image." +msgstr "" +"`-I`: ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска ΠΈΠ· ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ сборки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ установки. НС ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро, систСмноС ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ etc, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ " +"ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска." + #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:170 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:174 #, no-wrap msgid "The Complete Image Building Process" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс сборки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:175 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:179 msgid "" "The complete image building process is going through a lot of steps. The " "exact steps taken will depend on the chosen options when starting the " @@ -452,16 +479,16 @@ msgstr "" "Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:177 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:181 msgid "" -"`run_early_customize`: commands that are defined in a supplied configuration " +"`run_early_customize`: Commands that are defined in a supplied configuration " "file." msgstr "" -"`run_early_customize`: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² прСдоставлСнном Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ " +"`run_early_customize`: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² прСдоставлСнном Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ " "ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:178 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:182 msgid "" "`clean_build`: Just cleans the build environment by deleting the previously " "built files." @@ -469,31 +496,31 @@ msgstr "" "`clean_build`: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ срСду сборки, удаляя Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ созданныС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:179 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:183 msgid "" -"`make_conf_build`: Assemble make.conffrom the `CONF_WORLD` and `CONF_BUILD` " +"`make_conf_build`: Assemble make.conf from the `CONF_WORLD` and `CONF_BUILD` " "variables." msgstr "" "`make_conf_build`: Π‘ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ make.conf ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… `CONF_WORLD` ΠΈ " "`CONF_BUILD`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:180 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:184 msgid "`build_world`: Build world." msgstr "`build_world`: Π‘Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° систСмы." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:181 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:185 msgid "`build_kernel`: Build the kernel files." msgstr "`build_kernel`: Π‘ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ядра." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:182 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:186 msgid "`clean_world`: Clean the destination directory." msgstr "`clean_world`: ΠžΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:183 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:187 msgid "" "`make_conf_install`: Assemble make.conf from the `CONF_WORLD` and " "`CONF_INSTALL` variables." @@ -502,12 +529,13 @@ msgstr "" "`CONF_INSTALL`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:184 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:188 msgid "`install_world`: Install all files built during `buildworld`." -msgstr "`install_world`: Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, собранныС Π²ΠΎ врСмя `buildworld`." +msgstr "" +"`install_world`: Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, собранныС Π²ΠΎ врСмя `buildworld`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:185 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:189 msgid "" "`install_etc`: Install the necessary files in the [.filename]#/etc# " "directory, based on the `make distribution` command." @@ -516,9 +544,9 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `make distribution`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:186 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:190 msgid "" -"`setup_nanobsd_etc`: the first configuration specific to NanoBSD takes place " +"`setup_nanobsd_etc`: The first configuration specific to NanoBSD takes place " "at this stage. The [.filename]#/etc/diskless# is created and the root " "filesystem is defined as read-only." msgstr "" @@ -527,22 +555,22 @@ msgstr "" "опрСдСляСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ доступная Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:187 -msgid "`install_kernel`: the kernel and modules files are installed." +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:191 +msgid "`install_kernel`: The kernel and modules files are installed." msgstr "`install_kernel`: ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ядра ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:188 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:192 msgid "" -"`run_customize`: all the customizing routines defined by the user will be " +"`run_customize`: All the customizing routines defined by the user will be " "called." msgstr "" "`run_customize`: Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Ρ‹ всС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ настройки." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:189 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:193 msgid "" -"`setup_nanobsd`: a special configuration directory layout is setup. The [." +"`setup_nanobsd`: A special configuration directory layout is setup. The [." "filename]#/usr/local/etc# gets moved to [.filename]#/etc/local# and a " "symbolic link is created back from [.filename]#/etc/local# to [.filename]#/" "usr/local/etc#." @@ -553,46 +581,46 @@ msgstr "" ".filename]#/usr/local/etc#." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:190 -msgid "`prune_usr`: the empty directories from [.filename]#/usr# are removed." +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:194 +msgid "`prune_usr`: The empty directories from [.filename]#/usr# are removed." msgstr "`prune_usr`: пустыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² [.filename]#/usr# ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:191 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:195 msgid "" -"`run_late_customize`: the very last custom scripts can be run at this point." +"`run_late_customize`: The very last custom scripts can be run at this point." msgstr "" "`run_late_customize`: Π½Π° этом этапС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ самыС послСдниС " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ скрипты." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:192 -msgid "`fixup_before_diskimage`: List all installed files in a metalog" +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:196 +msgid "`fixup_before_diskimage`: List all installed files in a metalog." msgstr "" -"`fixup_before_diskimage`: ВывСсти список всСх установлСнных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² metalog" +"`fixup_before_diskimage`: ВывСсти список всСх установлСнных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² metalog." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:193 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:197 msgid "" -"`create_diskimage`: creates the actual disk image, based on the disk " +"`create_diskimage`: Creates the actual disk image, based on the disk " "geometries provides parameters." msgstr "" "`create_diskimage`: создаСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска Π½Π° основС прСдоставлСнных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² " "Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ диска." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:194 -msgid "`last_orders`: does nothing for now." +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:198 +msgid "`last_orders`: Does nothing for now." msgstr "`last_orders`: Π² настоящСС врСмя Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:195 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:199 #, no-wrap msgid "Customizing a NanoBSD Image" msgstr "Настройка ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° NanoBSD" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:199 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:203 msgid "" "This is probably the most important and most interesting feature of " "NanoBSD. This is also where you will be spending most of the time when " @@ -602,7 +630,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ с NanoBSD." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:201 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:205 msgid "" "Invocation of the following command will force the [.filename]#nanobsd.sh# " "to read its configuration from [.filename]#myconf.nano# located in the " @@ -613,34 +641,34 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:205 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:209 #, no-wrap msgid "# sh nanobsd.sh -c myconf.nano\n" msgstr "# sh nanobsd.sh -c myconf.nano\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:208 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:212 msgid "Customization is done in two ways:" msgstr "Настройка выполняСтся двумя способами:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:210 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:214 msgid "Configuration options" msgstr "ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:211 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:215 msgid "Custom functions" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:212 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:216 #, no-wrap msgid "Configuration Options" msgstr "ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:217 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:221 msgid "" "With configuration settings, it is possible to configure options passed to " "both the `buildworld` and `installworld` stages of the NanoBSD build " @@ -659,7 +687,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:220 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:224 msgid "" "The configuration file consists of configuration options, which override the " "default values. The most important directives are:" @@ -668,37 +696,37 @@ msgstr "" "значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. НаиболСС Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:222 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:226 msgid "`NANO_NAME` - Name of build (used to construct the workdir names)." msgstr "" -"`NANO_NAME` - Имя сборки (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… " +"`NANO_NAME` - Имя сборки (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для формирования ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²)." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:223 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:227 msgid "`NANO_SRC` - Path to the source tree used to build the image." msgstr "`NANO_SRC` - ΠŸΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ исходному Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρƒ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ для сборки ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:224 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:228 msgid "`NANO_KERNEL` - Name of kernel configuration file used to build kernel." msgstr "" "`NANO_KERNEL` - Имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для сборки ядра." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:225 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:229 msgid "`CONF_BUILD` - Options passed to the `buildworld` stage of the build." msgstr "`CONF_BUILD` - ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π½Π° этапС `buildworld` сборки." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:226 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:230 msgid "" "`CONF_INSTALL` - Options passed to the `installworld` stage of the build." msgstr "" "`CONF_INSTALL` - ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π½Π° этапС `installworld` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ сборкС." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:227 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:231 msgid "" "`CONF_WORLD` - Options passed to both the `buildworld` and the " "`installworld` stage of the build." @@ -707,7 +735,7 @@ msgstr "" "`installworld` сборки." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:228 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:232 msgid "" "`FlashDevice` - Defines what type of media to use. Check [." "filename]#FlashDevice.sub# for more details." @@ -716,7 +744,7 @@ msgstr "" "смотритС Π² [.filename]#FlashDevice.sub#." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:230 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:234 msgid "" "There are many more configuration options that could be relevant depending " "upon the kind of NanoBSD that is desired." @@ -725,13 +753,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° NanoBSD." #. type: Title ===== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:231 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:235 #, no-wrap msgid "General Customization" msgstr "ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ настройка" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:234 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:238 msgid "" "There are three stages, by design, at which it is possible to make changes " "that affect the building process, just by setting up a variable in the " @@ -742,17 +770,17 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:236 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:240 msgid "`run_early_customize`: before anything else happens." msgstr "`run_early_customize`: Π΄ΠΎ выполнСния Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… дСйствий." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:237 -msgid "`run_customize`: after all the standard files have been laid out" -msgstr "`run_customize`: послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ всС стандартныС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹" +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:241 +msgid "`run_customize`: after all the standard files have been laid out." +msgstr "`run_customize`: послС размСщСния всСх стандартных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:238 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:242 msgid "" "`run_late_customize`: at the very end of the process, just before the actual " "NanoBSD image is built." @@ -761,7 +789,7 @@ msgstr "" "созданиСм фактичСского ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° NanoBSD." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:240 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:244 msgid "" "To customize a NanoBSD image, at any of these steps, it is best to add a " "specific value to one of the corresponding variables." @@ -770,7 +798,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:243 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:247 msgid "" "The `NANO_EARLY_CUSTOMIZE` variable is used at the first step of the " "building process. At this point, there is no example as to what can be done " @@ -781,7 +809,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:246 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:250 msgid "" "The `NANO_CUSTOMIZE` variable is used after the kernel, world and etc " "configuration files have been installed, and the etc files have been setup " @@ -795,7 +823,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ добавлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ cust_nobeastie." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:250 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:254 msgid "" "The `NANO_LATE_CUSTOMIZE` variable is used just before the disk image is " "created, so it is the very last moment to change anything. Remember that " @@ -812,13 +840,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹." #. type: Title ===== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:251 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:255 #, no-wrap msgid "Booting Options" msgstr "ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:255 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:259 msgid "" "There are also variables that can change the way the NanoBSD image boots. " "Two options are passed to man:boot0cfg[8] to initialize the boot sector of " @@ -829,17 +857,17 @@ msgstr "" "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° диска:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:257 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:261 msgid "`NANO_BOOT0CFG`" msgstr "`NANO_BOOT0CFG`" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:258 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:262 msgid "`NANO_BOOTLOADER`" msgstr "`NANO_BOOTLOADER`" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:263 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:267 msgid "" "With `NANO_BOOTLOADER` a bootloader file can be chosen. The most common " "possible options are between [.filename]#boot0sio# and [.filename]#boot0# " @@ -856,7 +884,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎ процСссС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:270 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:274 msgid "" "With `NANO_BOOT0CFG`, the booting process can be tweaked, like selecting on " "which partition the NanoBSD image will actually boot. It is best to check " @@ -877,7 +905,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ 10 сСкунд ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:273 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:277 msgid "" "Good to know: the `NANO_BOOT2CFG` variable is only used in the " "`cust_comconsole` routine that can be called at the `NANO_CUSTOMIZE` step if " @@ -893,13 +921,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ бСсполСзным." #. type: Title ===== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:274 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:278 #, no-wrap msgid "Disk Image Creation" msgstr "Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° диска" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:278 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:282 msgid "" "In the end of the boot process is the disk image creation. With this step, " "the NanoBSD script provides a file that can simply be copied onto a disk for " @@ -910,22 +938,22 @@ msgstr "" "для устройства, ΠΈ это ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:280 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:284 msgid "" -"There are many variable that need to be set just right for the script to " +"There are many variables that need to be set just right for the script to " "produce a usable disk image." msgstr "" "БущСствуСт мноТСство ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ настроСны ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, " "Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ скрипт создал ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ для использования ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· диска." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:282 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:286 msgid "" "The `NANO_DRIVE` variable must be set to the drive name of the media at " "runtime. Usually, the default value `ada0`, which represents the first `IDE`/" "`ATA`/`SATA` device on the appliance is expected to be the correct one, but " "a different type of storage could also be used - like a USB key, in which " -"case, it would rather be da0." +"case, it would rather be `da0`." msgstr "" "ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ `NANO_DRIVE` Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ установлСна Π² имя накопитСля носитСля Π²ΠΎ " "врСмя выполнСния. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ оТидаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ `ada0`, " @@ -934,9 +962,9 @@ msgstr "" "Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, USB-ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡, Π² этом случаС это скорСС Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ `da0`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:283 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:287 msgid "" -"The `NANO_MEDIASIZE` variable must be set to the size (in 512 bytes sectors) " +"The `NANO_MEDIASIZE` variable must be set to the size (in 512-byte sectors) " "of the storage media that will be used. If you set it wrong, it is possible " "that the NanoBSD image will not boot at all, and a message at boot time will " "be warning about incorrect disk geometry." @@ -947,7 +975,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ появится сообщСниС ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ диска." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:285 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:289 msgid "" "The [.filename]#/etc#, [.filename]#/var#, and [.filename]#/tmp# directories " "are allocated as man:md[4] (malloc) disks at boot time; so their sizes can " @@ -965,8 +993,8 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ диски man:md[4] (malloc) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅; ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ настроСны Π² " "соотвСтствии с потрСбностями устройства. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ `NANO_RAM_ETCSIZE` " "Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ [.filename]#/etc#, Π° пСрСмСнная `NANO_RAM_TMPVARSIZE` " -"опрСдСляСт Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#/var#, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ [.filename]#/tmp#, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ [" -".filename]#/tmp# символичСски ссылаСтся Π½Π° [.filename]#/var/tmp#. По " +"опрСдСляСт Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#/var#, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ [.filename]#/tmp#, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ " +"[.filename]#/tmp# символичСски ссылаСтся Π½Π° [.filename]#/var/tmp#. По " "ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… дисков malloc установлСн Π² 20 ΠœΠ‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ. Π˜Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ " "ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ [.filename]#/etc# Π½Π΅ сильно увСличиваСтся Π² Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, " "поэтому 20 ΠœΠ‘ β€” Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ°Ρ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#/var# ΠΈ " @@ -975,7 +1003,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:286 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:290 msgid "" "As NanoBSD is mainly designed to build a system image for an appliance, it " "is assumed that the storage media used will be relatively small. For that " @@ -997,10 +1025,10 @@ msgstr "" "Handbook]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:287 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:291 msgid "" "The different partition sizes can be set through the use of `NANO_CODESIZE`, " -"`NANO_CONFSIZE`, and `NANO_DATASIZE` as a multiple of 512 bytes sectors. " +"`NANO_CONFSIZE`, and `NANO_DATASIZE` as a multiple of 512-byte sectors. " "`NANO_CODESIZE` defines the size of the first two image partitions: `code#1` " "and `code#2`. They have to be big enough to hold all the files that will be " "produced as a result of the `buildworld` and `buildkernel` processes. " @@ -1023,13 +1051,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, для хранСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², создаваСмых Π½Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ Π½Π° дискС." #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:288 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:292 #, no-wrap msgid "Custom Functions" -msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π€ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ" +msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:292 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:296 msgid "" "It is possible to fine-tune NanoBSD using shell functions in the " "configuration file. The following example illustrates the basic model of " @@ -1040,7 +1068,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:300 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:304 #, no-wrap msgid "" "cust_foo () (\n" @@ -1056,7 +1084,7 @@ msgstr "" "customize_cmd cust_foo\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:303 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:307 msgid "" "A more useful example of a customization function is the following, which " "changes the default size of the [.filename]#/etc# directory from 5MB to 30MB:" @@ -1065,7 +1093,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#/etc# ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ с 5 ΠœΠ‘ Π½Π° 30 ΠœΠ‘:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:311 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:315 #, no-wrap msgid "" "cust_etc_size () (\n" @@ -1081,7 +1109,7 @@ msgstr "" "customize_cmd cust_etc_size\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:314 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:318 msgid "" "There are a few default pre-defined customization functions ready for use:" msgstr "" @@ -1089,7 +1117,7 @@ msgstr "" "использованию:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:316 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:320 msgid "" "`cust_comconsole` - Disables man:getty[8] on the VGA devices (the [." "filename]#/dev/ttyv*# device nodes) and enables the use of the COM1 serial " @@ -1100,12 +1128,12 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ COM1 Π² качСствС систСмной консоли." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:317 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:321 msgid "`cust_allow_ssh_root` - Allow `root` to login via man:sshd[8]." msgstr "`cust_allow_ssh_root` - Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `root` Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· man:sshd[8]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:318 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:322 msgid "" "`cust_install_files` - Installs files from the [.filename]#nanobsd/Files# " "directory, which contains some useful scripts for system administration." @@ -1114,22 +1142,22 @@ msgstr "" "Files#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ содСрТит ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ скрипты для администрирования систСмы." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:319 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:323 msgid "" "`cust_pkgng` - Installs packages from the [.filename]#nanobsd/Pkg# directory " "(needs also pkg-* package to bootstrap)." msgstr "" -"`cust_pkgng` - УстанавливаСт ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#nanobsd/Pkg# (" -"Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ трСбуСтся ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ pkg-* для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ)." +"`cust_pkgng` - УстанавливаСт ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#nanobsd/Pkg# " +"(Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ трСбуСтся ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ pkg-* для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ)." #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:320 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:324 #, no-wrap msgid "Adding Packages" msgstr "Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:323 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:327 msgid "" "Packages can be added to a NanoBSD image, to provide specific " "functionalities on the appliance. To do so, either:" @@ -1138,12 +1166,12 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… возмоТностСй устройства. Для этого ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:325 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:329 msgid "Add the `cust_pkgng` to the `NANO_CUSTOMIZE` variable, or" msgstr "Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ `cust_pkgng` Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ `NANO_CUSTOMIZE` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:326 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:330 msgid "" "Add a `'customize_cmd cust_pkgng'` command in a customized configuration " "file." @@ -1152,7 +1180,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:329 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:333 msgid "" "Both methods achieve the same result: launching the `cust_pkgng` routine. " "This routine will go through `NANO_PACKAGE_DIR` directory to find either all " @@ -1163,7 +1191,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ списка ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `NANO_PACKAGE_LIST`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/nanobsd/_index.adoc:335 *** 346 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:02:29 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYb0Q0Jmsz6Vb6J for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:02:30 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYb0P5plNz3gvP for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:02:29 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 88d0c6105d - main - update translation of articles/contributing to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 88d0c6105d0ec9774a41536c9a381c47eda10bd0 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:02:29 +0000 Message-Id: <69b691c5.22341.590d7267@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=88d0c6105d0ec9774a41536c9a381c47eda10bd0 commit 88d0c6105d0ec9774a41536c9a381c47eda10bd0 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:02:17 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:02:17 +0000 update translation of articles/contributing to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55719 --- .../content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.adoc | 37 +- .../content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.po | 579 +++++++++++---------- 2 files changed, 317 insertions(+), 299 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.adoc index 99254c161d..08358d3e31 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.adoc @@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ FreeBSD Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ большоС ΠΈ постоянно раст Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ пСрСчислСнных здСсь Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚, Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ядрС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Однако, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ мноТСство ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡, подходящих для "Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дня". . Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ FreeBSD-CURRENT ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ, сущСствуСт машина `current.FreeBSD.org`, которая Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎ собираСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· β€” врСмя ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ послСдний Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· с Π½Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΈ сообщайтС ΠΎ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Ρ… сбоях Π² процСссС. -. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ {freebsd-bugs}. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ конструктивно Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Или Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. +. Π Π°Π·Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сообщСно. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ конструктивно Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Или Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. +. Один ΠΈΠ· способов β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ {freebsd-bugs} (для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bugzilla). . Если Π²Π°ΠΌ извСстны исправлСния ошибок, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² -CURRENT, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ пСрСнСсСны Π² -STABLE Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ срока (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‹ нСдСль), ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π²Π΅ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. . ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ стороннСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС Π² [.filename]#src/contrib# Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходных ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². . Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² [.filename]#src/contrib# Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Π΅Π½. @@ -95,9 +96,9 @@ FreeBSD Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ большоС ΠΈ постоянно раст . ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ POSIX(R). Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ FreeBSD с трСбованиями стандарта. Если ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ отличаСтся, особСнно Π² слоТных ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… аспСктах спСцификации, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ PR ΠΎΠ± этом. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ исправлСниС ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π² PR. Если Π²Ρ‹ считаСтС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ стандарт ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎ стандартизации с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ этот вопрос. . ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ для этого списка! -=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR +=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Bugzilla -https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[Бписок PR FreeBSD] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ всС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ запросы Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ FreeBSD. Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ для программистов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для нСпрограммистов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ PR ΠΈ посмотритС, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ срСди Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вас заинтСрСсуСт. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простыми Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ просто Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ свСТий взгляд, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исправлСниС Π² PR являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ слоТнСС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ исправлСния вовсС. +https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[Бписок ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ всС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ запросы Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ FreeBSD Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Bugzilla. Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ для программистов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для нСпрограммистов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ PR ΠΈ посмотритС, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ срСди Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вас заинтСрСсуСт. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простыми Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ просто Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ свСТий взгляд, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исправлСниС являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ слоТнР΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ исправлСния вовсС. НачнитС с PR, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹. Если PR Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ каТСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ с Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ этому Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈ спроситС, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ β€” Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ для тСстирования ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. @@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ https://wiki.freebsd.org/IdeasPage[Бписок ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Fre * Он Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 10 Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π° измСнСния ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 200 строк. ИзмСнСния большСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ допустимы, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ вас ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько запросов Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. * КаТдоС логичСскоС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β€” это ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… pull request. БообщСния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ измСнСния Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ extref:{committers-guide}#commit-log-message[руководству ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²]. * ВсС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ содСрТат вашС имя ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD Π² качСствС Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ адрСса github.com ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСльзя. -* ОбъСм pull request Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² процСссС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ. Если Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ измСнСния, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ объСм, создайтС ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ pull request. +* ΠžΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ pull request Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² процСссС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ. Если Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ измСнСния, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ, создайтС ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ pull request. * Π˜ΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ (squash) с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ Π² вашСй Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ для рСпозитория FreeBSD. * ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько строк `Signed-off-by:` с ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ адрСсом элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ https://developercertificate.org/[Π‘Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ происхоТдСния Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°]. @@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ https://wiki.freebsd.org/IdeasPage[Бписок ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Fre Команда Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ pull requests Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· GitHub, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ установила для Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. -Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, поТалуйста, сообщитС ΠΎΠ± этом, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/[Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…]. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 65 ΠšΠ‘, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нСпосрСдствСнно Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для примСнСния ΠΊ исходному Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρƒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `[PATCH]` Π² ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΌ описании ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ _Π½Π΅_ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ вставку, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ табуляции Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 20 ΠšΠ‘, рассРΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сТатия (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ man:gzip[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ man:bzip2[1]) ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. +Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, поТалуйста, сообщитС ΠΎΠ± этом, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/[Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ Bugzilla ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…]. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 65 ΠšΠ‘, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нСпосрСдствСнно Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для примСнСния ΠΊ исходному Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρƒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `[PATCH]` Π² ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΌ описании ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ _Π½Π΅_ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ вставку, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ табуляции Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 20 ΠšΠ‘, рассмотритС Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сТатия (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ man:gzip[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ man:bzip2[1]) ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ПослС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вмСстС с Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ для отслСТивания. Π‘ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ этот Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ свСдСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. @@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ https://wiki.freebsd.org/IdeasPage[Бписок ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Fre Π‘ΠΌ. man:diff[1] для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. -ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:patch[1]), Π²Π°ΠΌ слСдуСт ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² FreeBSD Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ошибкС. _НС отправляйтС_ измСнСния просто Π½Π° {freebsd-hackers}, ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ! ΠœΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ваши прСдлоТСния (это Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚!); ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ заняты, ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ всСгда ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сразу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ останутся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ² `[PATCH]` Π² Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. +ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:patch[1]), Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² FreeBSD Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ошибкС Π² Bugzilla. _НС отправляйтС_ измСнСния просто Π½Π° {freebsd-hackers}, ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ! ΠœΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ваши прСдлоТСния (это Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚!); ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ заняты, ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ всСгда ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сразу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ останутся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ² `[PATCH]` Π² Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. Если Π²Ρ‹ считаСтС это умСстным (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹), ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ свои измСнСния Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» `tar`. @@ -194,9 +195,9 @@ https://wiki.freebsd.org/IdeasPage[Бписок ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Fre Π’ случаС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ большого ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ добавлСния Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² FreeBSD, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ всСгда Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π±- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ FTP-сайт для доступа Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… людСй. Если Ρƒ вас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ доступа ΠΊ Π²Π΅Π±- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ FTP-сайту, запроситС Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ спискС рассылки FreeBSD, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ размСстил измСнСния для вас. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с большими объСмами ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ дСликатная Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ° авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π². FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ свободныС Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ BSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ISC. ΠšΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ GPLv2, ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/internal/software-license/[ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ лицСнзирования основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹]. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с большими ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ дСликатная Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ° авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π². FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ свободныС Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ BSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ISC. ΠšΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ GPLv2, ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/internal/software-license/[ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ лицСнзирования основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹]. -=== Π”Π΅Π½ΡŒΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ +=== Π”Π΅Π½ΡŒΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠœΡ‹ всСгда Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρ‹ поТСртвованиям для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, ΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… усилиях, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… нашим, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ нСбольшая ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ большоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅! ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ оборудования Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ списка ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Ρƒ нас ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ срСдств Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. @@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ USA Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» crossref:contributing[maintain-port, Π—Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° для ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²]. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ extref:{porters-handbook}[Руководство FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²]. _ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, Π½Π΅ Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° сСбя большС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ._ -Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ статус ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ для любого Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎ установитС `MAINTAINER` Π½Π° ваш собствСнный адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ PR (Problem Report) с этим ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ошибки сборки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нуТдаСтся Π² ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ PR. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ склонны Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ извСстной истории Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с FreeBSD. ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° PR, ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ошибки сборки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, β€” Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ Π΅Ρ‘ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ статус ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ для любого Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎ установитС `MAINTAINER` Π½Π° ваш собствСнный адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ PR (ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅) с этим ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ошибки сборки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нуТдаСтся Π² ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ PR. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ склонны Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ извСстной истории Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с FreeBSD. ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° PR, ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ошибки сборки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, β€” Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ Π΅Ρ‘ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ваш PR Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ `ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹`. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ ваш PR, Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ измСнСния ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ PR. Иногда этот процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя (ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ :). @@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ USA . ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΠΉΡ‚Π΅ измСнСния + -ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ вашС ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, создав PR с описаниСм ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ, содСрТащим различия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ исходным ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ extref:{problem-reports}[БоставлСниС сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD] для получСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PR. +ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ вашС ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, создав ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ с описаниСм ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ, содСрТащим различия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ исходным ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ extref:{problem-reports}[БоставлСниС сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD] для получСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PR. + [NOTE] ====== @@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ USA ====== . Π–Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ + -На ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ этапС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ рассмотрит ваш PR. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹, Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ-Π΄Π²Π΅ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ β€” Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ проявитС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Если это Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ большС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ рассылки ({freebsd-ports}), IRC: #bsdports Π½Π° EFNet ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ #freebsd-ports Π½Π° Libera, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. +На ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ этапС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ рассмотрит ваш PR. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹, Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ-Π΄Π²Π΅ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ β€” Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ проявитС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Если это Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΡ‘Ρ‚ большС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ рассылки ({freebsd-ports}), IRC: #bsdports Π½Π° EFNet ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ #freebsd-ports Π½Π° Libera, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. . ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ связь + Если участник ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π² Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… измСнСниях, ΠΎΠ½, скорСС всСго, Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ. Быстрый ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ принятиС вашСго PR, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ упростит ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ обсуТдСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ возникшиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. @@ -372,7 +373,7 @@ FreeBSD Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ† Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях потрСбуСтся внСсти измСнСния Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» Π½Π° FreeBSD. НСкоторыС (Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ всС) Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ исходного ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π² свой ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ для ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ выпуска. Если это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚, это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… BSD-систСмах, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, сэкономит Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ усилия. Π’ качСствС ТСста вСТливости, поТалуйста, рассмотритС Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… исправлСний Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ. ==== -===== Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ PR, связанныС с вашим ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ +===== Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Bugzilla, связанныС с вашим ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» посвящён поиску ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ошибок. @@ -384,7 +385,7 @@ FreeBSD Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ† ==== . ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… + -Ошибки ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСны Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…]. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π²Π°ΠΌ. +Ошибки ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСны Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Bugzilla]. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π²Π°ΠΌ. + Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° PR ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ скорСС, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли это просто сообщСниС ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ смоТСтС Π·Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ PR. + @@ -409,7 +410,7 @@ FreeBSD Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ† Как ΠΈ с ошибками сборки, Π²Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. И снова, Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ссли застряли! . ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния + -Как ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΌ слСдуСт внСсти измСнСния, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния Π² PR (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ссли PR для Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сущСствуСт). Если Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» измСнСния Π² PR, Π²Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π², одобряСтС Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ эти измСнСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. +Как ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΌ слСдуСт внСсти измСнСния, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния Π² PR Π² Bugzilla (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ссли PR для Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сущСствуСт). Если Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» измСнСния Π² PR, Π²Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π², одобряСтС Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ эти измСнСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. ==== ===== ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ @@ -420,7 +421,7 @@ FreeBSD Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ† Иногда ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ занятой Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‘ врСмя Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π° вас. НапримСр, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚: -* ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PR ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свои ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ для обновлСния вашСго ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, +* ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PR Π² Bugzilla ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свои ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ для обновлСния вашСго ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, * ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ исправлСниС для PR, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ * ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния Π² ваш ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚. @@ -433,7 +434,7 @@ FreeBSD Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ† Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΡ… мСст, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ внимания. -Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ https://bugs.freebsd.org/search[Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйс] Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… для поиска ΠΈ просмотра Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ PR для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² β€” это обновлСния, Π½ΠΎ с нСбольшим поиском ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π³Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ просмотром описаний Π²Ρ‹ смоТСтС Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ интСрСсноС для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. +Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ https://bugs.freebsd.org/search[Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйс] Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… для поиска ΠΈ просмотра Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR Π² Bugzilla. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ PR для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² β€” это обновлСния, Π½ΠΎ с нСбольшим поиском ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π³Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ просмотром описаний Π²Ρ‹ смоТСтС Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ интСрСсноС для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. https://portsfallout.com/[PortsFallout] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, собранныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ сборкС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD. @@ -453,9 +454,9 @@ https://portsfallout.com/[PortsFallout] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ с extref:{porters-handbook}[Руководство FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] β€” это ваш ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ систСмС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π”Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΉ! -Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ extref:{problem-reports}[БоставлСниС сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD] описываСт, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PR. Π’ 2005 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π½Π°Π΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ тысяч PR для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²! Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ врСмя, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… PR. +Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ extref:{problem-reports}[БоставлСниС сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD] описываСт, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PR. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ врСмя, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… PR. -https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…]. +https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Bugzilla]. Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ€ дистрибутивных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD (portscout) http://portscout.FreeBSD.org[FreeBSD Ports distfile scanner (portscout)] ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… дистрибутивныС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ нСдоступны для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ свои собствСнныС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ для поиска ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ трСбуСтся ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `MASTER_SITES`. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.po index a7c66c2d6e..b26923871b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributing/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-02 03:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -251,17 +251,27 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:114 msgid "" -"Read the {freebsd-bugs}. There may be a problem you can comment " -"constructively on or with patches you can test. Or you could even try to " -"fix one of the problems yourself." +"Learn about changes or problems that have already been proposed. There may " +"be a problem you can comment constructively on or with patches you can " +"test. Or you could even try to fix one of the problems yourself." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ {freebsd-bugs}. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ " -"конструктивно Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Или " -"Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ." +"Π Π°Π·Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ " +"сообщСно. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ конструктивно " +"Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Или Π²Ρ‹ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ " +"ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:115 msgid "" +"One way is to read the {freebsd-bugs} (for issues submitted through " +"Bugzilla)." +msgstr "" +"Один ΠΈΠ· способов β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ {freebsd-bugs} (для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с " +"ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bugzilla)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:116 +msgid "" "If you know of any bug fixes which have been successfully applied to -" "CURRENT but have not been merged into -STABLE after a decent interval " "(normally a couple of weeks), send the committer a polite reminder." @@ -271,7 +281,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‹ нСдСль), ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π²Π΅ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:116 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:117 msgid "" "Move contributed software to [.filename]#src/contrib# in the source tree." msgstr "" @@ -279,12 +289,12 @@ msgstr "" "Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходных ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:117 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:118 msgid "Make sure code in [.filename]#src/contrib# is up to date." msgstr "Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² [.filename]#src/contrib# Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Π΅Π½." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:119 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:120 msgid "" "Build the source tree (or just part of it) with extra warnings enabled and " "clean up the warnings. A list of build warnings can also be found from our " @@ -297,7 +307,7 @@ msgstr "" "org[CI], Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π² сборку ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ² \"LLVM/Clang Warnings\"." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:120 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:121 msgid "" "Fix warnings for ports which do deprecated things like using `gets()` or " "including [.filename]#malloc.h#." @@ -306,7 +316,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `gets()` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ [.filename]#malloc.h#." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:121 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:122 msgid "" "If you have contributed any ports and you had to make FreeBSD-specific " "changes, send your patches back to the original authors (this will make your " @@ -317,7 +327,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ (это ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ Тизнь, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ выпустят ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ)." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:126 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:127 msgid "" "Get copies of formal standards like POSIX(R). Compare FreeBSD's behavior to " "that required by the standard. If the behavior differs, particularly in " @@ -334,39 +344,40 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ этот вопрос." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:127 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:128 msgid "Suggest further tasks for this list!" msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ для этого списка!" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:128 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:129 #, no-wrap -msgid "Work through the PR Database" -msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR" +msgid "Work through the Bugzilla Problem Report Database" +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Bugzilla" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:135 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:136 msgid "" -"The https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[FreeBSD PR list] shows all the current " -"active problem reports and requests for enhancement that have been submitted " -"by FreeBSD users. The PR database includes both programmer and non-" -"programmer tasks. Look through the open PRs, and see if anything there " -"takes your interest. Some of these might be very simple tasks that just " -"need an extra pair of eyes to look over them and confirm that the fix in the " -"PR is a good one. Others might be much more complex, or might not even have " -"a fix included at all." +"The https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[FreeBSD Problem Report list] shows all " +"the current active problem reports and requests for enhancement that have " +"been submitted by FreeBSD users via Bugzilla. This database includes both " +"programmer and non-programmer tasks. Look through the open PRs, and see if " +"anything there takes your interest. Some of these might be very simple " +"tasks that just need an extra pair of eyes to look over them and confirm " +"that the fix is a good one. Others might be much more complex, or might not " +"even have a fix included at all." msgstr "" -"https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[Бписок PR FreeBSD] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ всС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ " -"Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ запросы Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ FreeBSD. Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ для " -"программистов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для нСпрограммистов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ PR ΠΈ " -"посмотритС, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ срСди Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вас заинтСрСсуСт. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… " -"ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простыми Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ просто Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ свСТий взгляд, " -"Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исправлСниС Π² PR являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ " -"ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ слоТнСС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ исправлСния вовсС." +"https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/[Бписок ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD] " +"ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ всС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ запросы Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, " +"ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ FreeBSD Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Bugzilla. Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ для программистов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для нСпрограммистов. " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ PR ΠΈ посмотритС, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ срСди Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вас " +"заинтСрСсуСт. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простыми Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ " +"просто Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ свСТий взгляд, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исправлСниС " +"являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ слоТнСС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"исправлСния вовсС." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:138 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:139 msgid "" "Start with the PRs that have not been assigned to anyone else. If a PR is " "assigned to someone else, but it looks like something you can handle, email " @@ -381,13 +392,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:139 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "Ongoing Ports Tasks" msgstr "Π’Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:144 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:145 msgid "" "The Ports Collection is a perpetual work in progress. We want to provide " "our users with an easy to use, up to date, high quality repository of third " @@ -400,7 +411,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ усилиями, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:148 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:149 msgid "" "Anyone can get involved, and there are lots of different ways to do so. " "Contributing to ports is an excellent way to help \"give back\" something to " @@ -412,7 +423,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ интСрСсный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ дСнь β€” ΠΌΡ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρ‹ вашСй ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ!" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:150 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:151 msgid "" "There are a number of easy ways you can contribute to keeping the ports tree " "up to date and in good working order:" @@ -421,7 +432,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ состоянии ΠΈ Π² Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ порядкС:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:152 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:153 msgid "" "Find some cool or useful software and extref:{porters-handbook}[create a " "port] for it." @@ -430,7 +441,7 @@ msgstr "" "handbook}[создайтС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚] для Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:154 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:155 msgid "" "There are a large number of ports that have no maintainer. Become a " "maintainer and crossref:contributing[adopt-port, Adopting an unmaintained " @@ -441,7 +452,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:155 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:156 msgid "" "If you have created or adopted a port, be aware of crossref:" "contributing[maintain-port, The challenge for port maintainers]." @@ -450,7 +461,7 @@ msgstr "" "contributing[maintain-port, Π—Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° для ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:156 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:157 msgid "" "When you are looking for a quick challenge you could crossref:" "contributing[fix-broken, Finding and fixing a broken port]." @@ -459,13 +470,13 @@ msgstr "" "Найти ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сломанный ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚]." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:157 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "Pick one of the items from the Ideas page" msgstr "Π’Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² со страницы ИдСи" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:161 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:162 msgid "" "The https://wiki.freebsd.org/IdeasPage[FreeBSD list of projects and ideas " "for volunteers] is also available for people willing to contribute to the " @@ -478,13 +489,13 @@ msgstr "" "программистов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для Π½Π΅-программистов, с ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:163 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "How to Contribute" msgstr "Как внСсти свой Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:166 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:167 msgid "" "Contributions to the system generally fall into one or more of the following " "5 categories:" @@ -493,13 +504,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ:" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:168 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:169 #, no-wrap msgid "Bug Reports and General Commentary" msgstr "ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:173 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:174 msgid "" "An idea or suggestion of _general_ technical interest should be mailed to " "the {freebsd-hackers}. Likewise, people with an interest in such things " @@ -515,7 +526,7 @@ msgstr "" "mail]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:176 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:177 msgid "" "If you are submitting a simple patch to the src repo, please consider " "submitting it to the project's GitHub mirror as https://github.com/freebsd/" @@ -526,7 +537,7 @@ msgstr "" "freebsd-src/pulls[запрос Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅]. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:179 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:180 msgid "" "It is ready or nearly ready to be committed. A committer should be able to " "land this patch with less than 10 minutes of additional work." @@ -535,17 +546,17 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ этот ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ с ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ 10 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:180 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:181 msgid "It passes all the GitHub CI jobs." msgstr "Он ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ всС задания GitHub CI." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:181 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:182 msgid "You can respond to feedback quickly." msgstr "Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ быстро Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ связь." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:183 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:184 msgid "" "It touches fewer than about 10 files and the changes are less than about 200 " "lines. Changes larger than this may be OK, or you may be asked to submit " @@ -556,7 +567,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько запросов Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:185 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:186 msgid "" "Each logical change is a separate commit within the pull request. Commit " "messages for each change should follow extref:{committers-guide}#commit-log-" @@ -568,7 +579,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:187 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:188 msgid "" "All commits have your name and valid email address as you'd like to see them " "in the FreeBSD repository as the author. Fake github.com addresses cannot " @@ -579,18 +590,18 @@ msgstr "" "адрСса github.com ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСльзя." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:189 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:190 msgid "" "The scope of the pull request should not change during review. If the " "review suggests changes that expand the scope, please create an independent " "pull request." msgstr "" -"ОбъСм pull request Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² процСссС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ. Если Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ измСнСния, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ объСм, создайтС ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ pull " +"ΠžΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ pull request Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² процСссС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ. Если Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ измСнСния, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ, создайтС ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ pull " "request." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:191 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:192 msgid "" "Fixup commits should be squashed with the commit they are fixing. Each " "commit in your branch should be suitable for FreeBSD's repository." @@ -600,7 +611,7 @@ msgstr "" "FreeBSD." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:192 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:193 msgid "" "Commits should include one or more `Signed-off-by:` lines with full name and " "email address certifying https://developercertificate.org/[Developer " @@ -611,7 +622,7 @@ msgstr "" "developercertificate.org/[Π‘Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ происхоТдСния Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:197 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:198 msgid "" "When updating pull request, please rebase with a forced push rather than a " "merge commit. More complex changes may be submitted as pull requests, but " @@ -634,7 +645,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌ для ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:201 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:202 msgid "" "Pull requests submitted to the ports repository may or may not see action, " "based on the whims of developers. For now, you will have a better " @@ -648,7 +659,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:203 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:204 msgid "" "The docs team also accepts pull requests via GitHub, but has not established " "any policy for them yet." @@ -657,31 +668,31 @@ msgstr "" "установила для Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:210 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:211 msgid "" "If you find a bug or are submitting a specific change, please report it " -"using the https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/[bug submission form]. Try to " -"fill-in each field of the bug report. Unless they exceed 65KB, include any " -"patches directly in the report. If the patch is suitable to be applied to " -"the source tree put `[PATCH]` in the synopsis of the report. When including " -"patches, _do not_ use cut-and-paste because cut-and-paste turns tabs into " -"spaces and makes them unusable. When patches are a lot larger than 20KB, " -"consider compressing them (for example with man:gzip[1] or man:bzip2[1]) " -"prior to uploading them." +"using the https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/[Bugzilla bug submission form]. " +"Try to fill-in each field of the bug report. Unless they exceed 65KB, " +"include any patches directly in the report. If the patch is suitable to be " +"applied to the source tree put `[PATCH]` in the synopsis of the report. " +"When including patches, _do not_ use cut-and-paste because cut-and-paste " +"turns tabs into spaces and makes them unusable. When patches are a lot " +"larger than 20KB, consider compressing them (for example with man:gzip[1] or " +"man:bzip2[1]) prior to uploading them." msgstr "" "Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, " -"поТалуйста, сообщитС ΠΎΠ± этом, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/" -"[Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…]. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ " -"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 65 ΠšΠ‘, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нСпосрСдствСнно Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚. " -"Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для примСнСния ΠΊ исходному Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρƒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `[PATCH]` Π² " -"ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΌ описании ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ _Π½Π΅_ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ " -"вставку, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ табуляции Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡ… " -"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 20 ΠšΠ‘, рассмотритС " +"поТалуйста, сообщитС ΠΎΠ± этом, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/[" +"Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ Bugzilla ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…]. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 65 ΠšΠ‘, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нСпосрСдствСнно Π² " +"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для примСнСния ΠΊ исходному Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρƒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ " +"`[PATCH]` Π² ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΌ описании ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ _Π½Π΅_ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ вставку, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ табуляции Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " +"ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. Если ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 20 ΠšΠ‘, рассмотритС " "Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сТатия (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ man:gzip[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ man:bzip2[1]) " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:213 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:214 msgid "" "After filing a report, you should receive confirmation along with a tracking " "number. Keep this tracking number so that you can update us with details " @@ -692,7 +703,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ свСдСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:215 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:216 msgid "" "See also extref:{problem-reports}[this article] on how to write good problem " "reports." @@ -701,13 +712,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:216 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:217 #, no-wrap msgid "Changes to the Documentation" msgstr "ИзмСнСния Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:221 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:222 msgid "" "Changes to the documentation are overseen by the {freebsd-doc}. Please look " "at the extref:{fdp-primer}[FreeBSD Documentation Project Primer] for " @@ -721,13 +732,13 @@ msgstr "" "способом, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:222 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "Changes to Existing Source Code" msgstr "ИзмСнСния Π² ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ исходном ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:227 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:228 msgid "" "An addition or change to the existing source code is a somewhat trickier " "affair and depends a lot on how far out of date you are with the current " @@ -747,7 +758,7 @@ msgstr "" "current-stable]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:230 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:231 msgid "" "Working from older sources unfortunately means that your changes may " "sometimes be too obsolete or too divergent for easy re-integration into " @@ -762,7 +773,7 @@ msgstr "" "обсуТдаСтся Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ состояниС систСмы." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:233 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:234 msgid "" "Assuming that you can manage to secure fairly up-to-date sources to base " "your changes on, the next step is to produce a set of diffs to send to the " @@ -773,7 +784,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ FreeBSD. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ дСлаСтся с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:diff[1]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:235 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:236 msgid "" "The preferred man:diff[1] format for submitting patches is the unified " "output format generated by `diff -u`." @@ -782,24 +793,24 @@ msgstr "" "ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, создаваСмый ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `diff -u`." #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:239 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:240 #, no-wrap msgid "% diff -u oldfile newfile\n" msgstr "% diff -u oldfile newfile\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:242 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:243 msgid "or" msgstr "ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:246 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:247 #, no-wrap msgid "% diff -u -r -N olddir newdir\n" msgstr "% diff -u -r -N olddir newdir\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:249 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:250 msgid "" "would generate a set of unified diffs for the given source file or directory " "hierarchy." @@ -808,32 +819,32 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:251 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:252 msgid "See man:diff[1] for more information." msgstr "Π‘ΠΌ. man:diff[1] для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:255 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:256 msgid "" "Once you have a set of diffs (which you may test with the man:patch[1] " -"command), you should submit them for inclusion with FreeBSD as a bug " -"report. _Do not_ just send the diffs to the {freebsd-hackers} or they will " -"get lost! We greatly appreciate your submission (this is a volunteer " -"project!); because we are busy, we may not be able to address it " +"command), you may submit them for inclusion with FreeBSD as a Bugzilla " +"problem report. _Do not_ just send the diffs to the {freebsd-hackers} or " +"they will get lost! We greatly appreciate your submission (this is a " +"volunteer project!); because we are busy, we may not be able to address it " "immediately, but it will remain in the PR database until we do. Indicate " "your submission by including `[PATCH]` in the synopsis of the report." msgstr "" "ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с " -"ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:patch[1]), Π²Π°ΠΌ слСдуСт ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² " -"FreeBSD Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ошибкС. _НС отправляйтС_ измСнСния просто Π½Π° " -"{freebsd-hackers}, ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ! ΠœΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ваши " +"ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:patch[1]), Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² " +"FreeBSD Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ± ошибкС Π² Bugzilla. _НС отправляйтС_ измСнСния " +"просто Π½Π° {freebsd-hackers}, ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ! ΠœΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ваши " "прСдлоТСния (это Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚!); ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ заняты, ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ всСгда " "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сразу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ останутся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ " "Π΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ² `[PATCH]` Π² " "Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:257 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:258 msgid "" "If you feel it appropriate (for example you have added, deleted, or renamed " "files), bundle your changes into a `tar` file." @@ -842,7 +853,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹), ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ свои измСнСния Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» `tar`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:261 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:262 msgid "" "If your change is of a potentially sensitive nature, such as if you are " "unsure of copyright issues governing its further distribution then you " @@ -860,7 +871,7 @@ msgstr "" "поэтому Π²Π°ΠΌ слСдуСт ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² случаС Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ нСобходимости." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:264 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:265 msgid "" "Please refer to man:intro[9] and man:style[9] for some information on coding " "style. We would appreciate it if you were at least aware of this " @@ -871,13 +882,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с этой ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:265 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:266 #, no-wrap msgid "New Code or Major Value-Added Packages" msgstr "Новый ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ основныС ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ с Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:269 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:270 msgid "" "In the case of a significant contribution of a large body work, or the " "addition of an important new feature to FreeBSD, it becomes almost always " @@ -894,7 +905,7 @@ msgstr "" "для вас." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:274 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:275 msgid "" "When working with large amounts of code, the touchy subject of copyrights " "also invariably comes up. FreeBSD prefers free software licenses such as " @@ -902,20 +913,20 @@ msgid "" "complete listing can be found on the link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/internal/" "software-license/[core team licensing policy] page." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с большими объСмами ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ дСликатная Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ° " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с большими ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ дСликатная Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ° " "авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π². FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ свободныС Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ BSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " "ISC. ΠšΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ GPLv2, ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список " "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/internal/software-" "license/[ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ лицСнзирования основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹]." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:275 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:276 #, no-wrap msgid "Money or Hardware" -msgstr "Π”Π΅Π½ΡŒΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅" +msgstr "Π”Π΅Π½ΡŒΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:279 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:280 msgid "" "We are always very happy to accept donations to further the cause of the " "FreeBSD Project and, in a volunteer effort like ours, a little can go a long " @@ -930,13 +941,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ срСдств Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅." #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:281 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:282 #, no-wrap msgid "Donating Funds" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ срСдств" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:286 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:287 msgid "" "The https://www.freebsdfoundation.org[FreeBSD Foundation] is a non-profit, " "tax-exempt foundation established to further the goals of the FreeBSD " @@ -952,12 +963,12 @@ msgstr "" "Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:288 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:289 msgid "Donations may be sent in check form to:" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу:" #. type: delimited block * 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:296 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:297 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The FreeBSD Foundation\n" @@ -973,7 +984,7 @@ msgstr "" "USA" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:299 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:300 msgid "" "The FreeBSD Foundation is also able to accept https://www.freebsdfoundation." "org/donate/[online donations] through various payment options." @@ -982,7 +993,7 @@ msgstr "" "[ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½-поТСртвования] Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:302 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:303 msgid "" "More information about the FreeBSD Foundation can be found in https://people." "FreeBSD.org/~jdp/foundation/announcement.html[The FreeBSD Foundation -- an " @@ -995,13 +1006,13 @@ msgstr "" "info@FreeBSDFoundation.org[info@FreeBSDFoundation.org]." #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:303 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:304 #, no-wrap msgid "Donating Hardware" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ оборудования" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:307 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:308 msgid "" "The FreeBSD Project happily accepts donations of hardware that it can find " "good use for. If you are interested in donating hardware, please contact " @@ -1013,25 +1024,25 @@ msgstr "" "[ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ связям с поТСртвованиями]." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:309 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:310 #, no-wrap msgid "Contributing to ports" msgstr "Π’ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:312 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:313 #, no-wrap msgid "Adopting an unmaintained port" msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ сопровоТдСния Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:314 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:315 #, no-wrap msgid "Choosing an unmaintained port" msgstr "Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:320 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:321 msgid "" "Taking over maintainership of ports that are unmaintained is a great way to " "get involved. Unmaintained ports are only updated and fixed when somebody " @@ -1046,7 +1057,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ рСгулярно." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:323 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:324 msgid "" "Unmaintained ports have their `MAINTAINER` set to `ports@FreeBSD.org`. Many " "unmaintained ports can have pending updates, this can be seen at the https://" @@ -1058,7 +1069,7 @@ msgstr "" "org.html[сканСрС дистрибутивных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:325 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:326 msgid "" "On https://portsfallout.com/fallout?port=&maintainer=ports%40FreeBSD." "org[PortsFallout] can be seen a list of unmaintained ports with errors." @@ -1067,7 +1078,7 @@ msgstr "" "org[PortsFallout] ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ список Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ошибками." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:328 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:329 msgid "" "Some ports affect a large number of others due to dependencies and secondary " "port relationships. Generally, we want people to have some experience " @@ -1078,7 +1089,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:332 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:333 msgid "" "You can find out whether or not a port has dependencies or secondary ports " "by looking at a primary index of ports called [.filename]#INDEX#. (The name " @@ -1095,13 +1106,13 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, просмотрСв [.filename]#Makefile# Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Title ==== -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:333 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:334 #, no-wrap msgid "How to adopt the port" msgstr "Как ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сопровоТдСниС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:338 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:339 msgid "" "First make sure you understand your crossref:contributing[maintain-port, The " "challenge for port maintainers]. Also read the extref:{porters-handbook}" @@ -1114,19 +1125,19 @@ msgstr "" "большС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ._" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:344 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/contributing/_index.adoc:345 msgid "" "You may request maintainership of any unmaintained port as soon as you " -"wish. Simply set `MAINTAINER` to your own email address and send a PR " -"(Problem Report) with the change. If the port has build errors or needs " -"updating, you may wish to include any other changes in the same PR. This " -"will help because many committers are less willing to assign maintainership " -"to someone who does not have a known track record with FreeBSD. 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charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: f59e9d6791f8263fb8c0cc46cf6cd91e551846e7 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:04:27 +0000 Message-Id: <69b6923b.223f0.3fe9523@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=f59e9d6791f8263fb8c0cc46cf6cd91e551846e7 commit f59e9d6791f8263fb8c0cc46cf6cd91e551846e7 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:04:14 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:04:14 +0000 update translation of articles/gjournal-desktop to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55720 --- .../ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc | 695 +++- .../content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po | 3464 +++++++++++++++----- 2 files changed, 3264 insertions(+), 895 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc index 11a16da4a5..cd44ca5544 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc @@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ authors: - author: 'Manolis Kiagias' email: manolis@FreeBSD.org + - + author: 'Vladlen Popolitov' + email: vladlen@FreeBSD.org description: 'Настройка Турналирования UFS для Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°' tags: ["UFS", "Journaling" , "Desktop", "FreeBSD"] title: 'Настройка Турналирования UFS для Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°' @@ -12,7 +15,7 @@ trademarks: ["freebsd", "general"] = Настройка Турналирования UFS для Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° :doctype: article :toc: macro -:toclevels: 1 +:toclevels: 2 :icons: font :sectnums: :sectnumlevels: 6 @@ -43,7 +46,7 @@ endif::[] [.abstract-title] Аннотация -ЖурналируСмая файловая систСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» для записи всСх Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, происходящих Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сохраняСт Π΅Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² случаС ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ…Π° систСмы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ пропадания питания. НСсмотря Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ всё Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° потСря нСсохранённых ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ поврСТдСния структуры Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ остановом Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сокращаСт Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌΠ° врСмя, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы послС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°. НСсмотря Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ ‚ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ FreeBSD Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС UFS Π½Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Турналирования, Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ класс систСмы GEOM Π² FreeBSD 7._X_ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использован для вСдСния нСзависимого ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Турналирования. Π­Ρ‚Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ UFS для Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. +ЖурналируСмая файловая систСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» для записи ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈ обСспСчиваСт Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² случаС сбоя систСмы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ питания. НСсмотря Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ нСсохранённыС измСнСния Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°Ρ… всё Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ утСряны, ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ сниТаСт риск поврСТдСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ сущСствСнно сокращаСт врСмя восстановлСния. Π₯отя файловая систСма UFS, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² FreeBSD, Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ диска, FreeBSD прСдоставля Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Турналирования Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы (Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ), Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊ GEOM (`gjournal`). Π’ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ доступныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Турналирования UFS ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΡ… цСлСсообразноС использованиС Π² соврСмСнных систСмах FreeBSD. _Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ для вСрсий FreeBSD с 13 ΠΏΠΎ 15_. ''' @@ -52,190 +55,400 @@ toc::[] [[introduction]] == Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ питания. ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ часто ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ пропаданиям питания, случайным наТатиям ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΈ Reset ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΡΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡΠΌ (часто связанным с Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ привСсти ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Soft Updates, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, достаточно эффСктивно Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² послСдствии трСбуСтся Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ фоновая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°. Π’ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях поврСТдСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ уровня, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π ΎΠΌ становится Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ утСрянными. +Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ питания. ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ часто ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ пропаданиям питания, случайным наТатиям ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΈ Reset ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΡΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡΠΌ (часто связанным с Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ привСсти ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² нСсогласованном состоянии. Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ это Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ запуска `fsdk`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π’ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях поврСТдСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ уровня, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ становится Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ утСрянными. + +FreeBSD прСдоставляСт Π΄Π²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Турналирования для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы UFS: + +* Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Soft Updates +* Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ GEOM `gjournal` + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… уровнях систСмы ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ характСристиками ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ сСмантики. -Новая Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Турналирования, прСдоставлСнная систСмой GEOM, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ сущСствСнно Π²Ρ‹Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… случаях, ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ врСмя, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ файловая систСма быстро восстановлСна Π² цСлостноС состояниС. +[IMPORTANT] +==== +Для Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° соврСмСнных систСм FreeBSD, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ сСрвСры ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ назначСния, рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ *Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ*. + +GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β€” это ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ спСциализированный ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ спСцифичСскиС сСмантики. +==== -Π­Ρ‚Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ описываСт порядок дСйствий, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для конфигурирования Турналирования UFS Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ТСсткий диск ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для размСщСния ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ подразумСваСтся установка FreeBSD "с нуля". Π¨Π°Π³ΠΈ достаточно просты ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ слоТных манипуляций с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ строкой. +Π’ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΡΠ½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΠΈΡ… различия ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ соврСмСнноС использованиС. -ПослС прочтСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ эту Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: -* Как Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ мСсто для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ установки FreeBSD. -* Как Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ `geom_journal` (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Турналирования Π² спСциализированном ядрС систСмы). -* Как ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму, Π² систСму, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ монтирования ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² [.filename]#/etc/fstab#. -* Как Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… (пустых) Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ…. -* Как Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, связанныС с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. +* ДоступныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Турналирования для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы UFS Π² FreeBSD ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… различия. +* Когда ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы с Soft Updates ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ умСстно ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM. +* Как Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Soft Updates Π½Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах UFS. +* Как Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ…, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ядра ΠΈ вопросы опрСдСлСния Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. +* КакиС измСнСния ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ для монтирования ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ влияСт Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы. +* Как Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, связанныС с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы UFS. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ: * ΠŸΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ UNIX(R) ΠΈ FreeBSD. -* Π‘Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΉ установки FreeBSD, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ Sysinstall. +* Π‘Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΉ установки FreeBSD, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ bsdinstall. +* Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ знания ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ дисков ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ инструмСнты, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ gpart(8), newfs(8) ΠΈ mount(8). [WARNING] ==== -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°, описанная здСсь, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ установкС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° дисках Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΡƒΡŽ копию_ всСх Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠŸΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° Π² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… опСрациях с дисками ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ Ρ„Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ошибкам ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. +НСкоторыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, описанныС Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ диска ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ размонтирования Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ измСнСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° дискС. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ внСсСниСм ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ систСмС ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ доступны Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ _Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ_ всСх Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. + +Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Турналирования Soft Updates Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ бСзопасно ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ диска. Однако настройка Турналирования GEOM Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с диском ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ администраторами, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ послСдствия. ==== [[understanding-journaling]] == РСализация Турналирования Π² FreeBSD -Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, прСдоставляСмоС систСмой GEOM Π² FreeBSD 7._X_, Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы (Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ext3 Π² Linux(R)), ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. А это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ для FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для UFS2. +=== Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (рСкомСндуСтся) +Soft Updates β€” это ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ обСспСчСния согласованности UFS ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² FreeBSD. Π’ сочСтании с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ обСспСчиваСт *ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…* Π² самой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. -Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Турналирования обСспСчиваСтся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ модуля [.filename]#geom_journal.ko# Π² ядро (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сборкой собствСнного ядра с Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ) ΠΈ использованиСм ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `gjournal` для конфигурирования Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы большого Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ - [.filename]#/usr#. Однако, Π²Π°ΠΌ придСтся Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство свободного мСста (см. ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»). +ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π° Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚: -Когда файловая систСма ТурналируСтся, нСкоторая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ дискового пространства трСбуСтся для хранСния самого ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. ДисковоС пространство, содСрТащСС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, называСтся __поставщиком Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (data provider)__, Π° Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ пространства, содСрТащая ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π», называСтся __поставщиком ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° (journal provider)__. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ‰ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ…, Ссли ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ достраиваСтся ΠΊ содСрТащСму Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ. А Ссли ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ поставщик для Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π »Π°. Π’ любом ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… случаСв ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° `gjournal` задСйствуСт поставщики ΠΈ создаст ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму. НапримСр: +* ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ быстроС восстановлСниС послС сбоя (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° сСкунды) +* ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Π°Ρ сСмантика `sync(2)` ΠΈ `fsync(2)` +* Никаких Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ слоСв GEOM +* ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ настройка ΠΈ обслуТиваниС -* Π’Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму [.filename]#/usr#, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π° [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1f#, файловая систСма ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ содСрТит Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. -* Π’Ρ‹ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ дискового пространства Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1g#. -* Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `gjournal`, создаСм Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» устройства [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1f.journal#, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1f# являСтся поставщиком Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π° [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1g# - поставщик ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎ всСх ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… опСрациях. +Из `tunefs(8)`: -Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дискового пространства, ΠΎΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ поставщик ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, зависит ΠΎΡ‚ нагруТСнности Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° самого поставщика Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. НапримСр, для Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° достаточно отвСсти 1 Π“Π± ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ поставщик ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы [.filename]#/usr#, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСнсивный дисковый Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ большС. Если свободноС мСсто Π½Π° поставщикС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° заканчиваСтся Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ происходит сброс ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π° диск, - Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΊΡƒ ядра. +____ +Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Турналирования сокращаСт врСмя, Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ fsck_ffs(8) Π½Π° очистку Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы послС сбоя, с Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ часов Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… сСкунд. +____ -[NOTE] +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ практичСски для всСх систСм Π½Π° основС UFS ΠΈ являСтся Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. + +=== Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ GEOM `gjournal` + +GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅, Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Оно ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ всС записи Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ *ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²*. + +ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ характСристики Турналирования GEOM: + +* Π Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ класс GEOM (`geom_journal`) +* Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ вСсь Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄-Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ +* Π’Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ явного согласования ΠΎΡ‚ UFS с использованиСм Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° `-J` +* ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Soft Updates +* Π˜Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ сСмантику `sync(2)` ΠΈ `fsync(2)` + +[WARNING] ==== -ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ маловСроятно Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ здСсь, станут ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ (Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ просматриваСтС Π²Π΅Π±-страницы, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ тСкст ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ³Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹). Если Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° вашСго ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ для обСспСчСния ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°: Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠžΠ—Π£ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² 30% Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π». НапримСр, Ссли Π² вашСм ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ установлСн 1 Π“Π± ΠžΠ—Π£, создайтС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ поставщик ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π ΅Π» Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 3.3 Π“Π±. (Π£ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠžΠ—Π£ Π² 3.3 Ρ€Π°Π·Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ± ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°). +На Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ GEOM, `sync(2)` ΠΈ `fsync(2)` Π½Π΅ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ записаны Π½Π° постоянноС Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Для обСспСчСния сохранности Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `gjournal sync`. ==== -Для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, поТалуйста, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ страницу справочника, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ man:gjournal[8]. +Из-Π·Π° этих Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM Π½Π΅ рСкомСндуСтся для ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ использования Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сСрвСрах. -[[reserve-space]] -== ДСйствия, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΎ врСмя установки FreeBSD +== Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ подходящСго ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Турналирования -=== Π’Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ мСста ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ +Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ использования: -Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ТСсткий диск, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ хранится ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ опСрационная систСма, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. ВСроятно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ схСма разбития винчСстСра (ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ), выбранная Π² мСню Sysinstall, являСтся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ подходящСй: Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся большой Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/var#, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° [.filename]#/usr# выдСляСтся Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм дискового пространства, Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ мноТСство ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ [.filename]#/usr#. +[cols="1,1", options="header"] +|=== +| Π’Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ использования | Π Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ -Π Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ kbd:[A] Π² Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Disklabel) Π½Π΅ оставляСт свободного мСста. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. Π’Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/usr# - наибольший, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ смысл Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ пространство, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. +| ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ портативная систСма +| Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Soft Updates -Π’ нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ТСсткий диск Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 80 Π“Π±. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡˆΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ разбиСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Disklabel Π² процСссС установки ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы: +| Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСрвСр +| Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Soft Updates -image::disklabel1.png[] +| Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ систСмы UFS +| Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Soft Updates -Если это Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ вас устраиваСт, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для Турналирования. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ клавиши со стрСлками для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π», ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ [.filename]#/usr#, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ kbd:[D] Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. +| ВрСбования ΠΊ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π΅ зависящиС ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы +| Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ подсвСчиваниС ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ диска, находящСмуся Π²Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Ρƒ экрана, ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ kbd:[C] - создайтС Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/usr#. Новый Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ мСньшС Π½Π° 1 Π“Π± (Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ [.filename]#/usr#) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° 2 Π“Π± (Ссли ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#/usr#, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ [.filename]#/var#). Π’ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠ»Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ "ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму" ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ [.filename]#/usr# Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ монтирования. +| Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² +| Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM +|=== -[NOTE] -==== -Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ [.filename]#/var# Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»? ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ смысл ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большиС Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ [.filename]#/var#, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°. Если файловая систСма Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ для Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы), Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ мСньшС дискового пространства ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π». +== ИспользованиС Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ + +Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы для UFS. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ сохраняСт Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ сохраняя ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ выдСлСния ΠΈ упорядочивания, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Soft Updates. Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Турналирования GEOM, ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ устройство ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся. + +=== ΠžΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ + +Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ измСнСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π² ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π», хранящийся Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ самой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ скрытый Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#.sujournal# Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π’ случаС сбоя ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ питания ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ воспроизводятся ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт быстро ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ согласованности. + +Π­Ρ‚Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° Турналирования примСняСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π¦Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² остаСтся ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. + +=== Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Турналирования Π½Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС + +Ѐайловая систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ смонтирована Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ настроСк Турналирования. + +[source, shell] +---- +# umount /usr +# tunefs -n enable -j enable /dev/ada0p2 +# mount /usr +---- + +Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ настройка Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся. МоТно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ стандартныС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ монтирования. + +=== Π₯Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ + +Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ выбираСтся автоматичСски ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ вСдСния ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. Π’ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ достаточСн ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ нСобходимости Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π² Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ явно ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `-S` для `tunefs(8)`: + +[source, shell] +---- +# tunefs -S 64000000 /dev/ada0p2 +---- + +Настройка Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ трСбуСтся ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ высокой частотой обновлСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. + +=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ + +Бтатус Турналирования Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы UFS с использованиСм Soft Updates ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `tunefs(8)` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `dumpfs(8)`. + +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ настройки Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅: + +[source, shell] +---- +# tunefs -p /dev/ada0p2 | grep -i journal +tunefs: soft updates journaling: (-j) enabled +tunefs: gjournal: (-J) disabled +---- + +Π˜Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Π² Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅: + +* Soft Updates Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ +* Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ + +Или для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ супСрблока Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `dumpfs(8)`: + +[source, shell] +---- +English type: delimited block - 4 +# dumpfs /dev/ada0p2 | grep -i journal +flags soft-updates+journal +---- + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ состояниС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ обслуТиваниС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы + +Π₯отя ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ сокращаСт врСмя восстановлСния послС сбоя, ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ устраняСт Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ пСриодичСских ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +* Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ +* Ошибки носитСля Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ +* ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° `fsck` всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° +* Π€ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ `fsck` ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах + +== ИспользованиС Турналирования GEOM (ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ) -Π’ этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ подразумСваСтся ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм: [.filename]#/usr# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var#. ЕстСствСнно, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ свои Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ. +[WARNING] +==== +Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ послСдствия Турналирования Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ измСнСния сСмантики синхронизации. ==== -Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ, для создания Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для размСщСния ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΡ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Sysinstall. Однако, Π²ΠΎ врСмя установки ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° Sysinstall Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ указания Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ монтирования для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ созданного Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°. Но Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, содСрТащиС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹, Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ придСтся. +=== ΠžΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ + +Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Турналирования обСспСчиваСтся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ модуля [.filename]#geom_journal.ko# Π² ядро (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сборкой собствСнного ядра с Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ) ΠΈ использованиСм ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `gjournal` для конфигурирования Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы большого Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ - [.filename]#/usr#. Однако, Π²Π°ΠΌ придСтся Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство свободного мСста (см. ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»). + +Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ядра `geom_journal` ΠΈ настраиваСтся с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ `gjournal(8)`. Оно обСспСчиваСт ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ слоя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ явной ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ со стороны UFS. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании Турналирования GEOM трСбуСтся Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ дисковоС пространство для хранСния самого ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€, содСрТащий Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, называСтся _ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…_, Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€, хранящий ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π», называСтся _ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°_. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ (нСпустой) Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, пустой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для хранСния ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. Π’ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… случаях `gjournal(8)` ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° для создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ монтируСтся Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмой. НапримСр: + +* Ѐайловая систСма `/usr` располоТСна Π½Π° `/dev/ada0p2` ΠΈ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ содСрТит Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. +* Π‘Π²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ дисковоС пространство Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅, `/dev/ada0p4`, для хранСния ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. +* ПослС настройки Турналирования GEOM создаСтся Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ `/dev/ada0p2.journal`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ `/dev/ada0p2` Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ `/dev/ada0p4` Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для всСх ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +ОбъСм дискового пространства, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ интСнсивности записи Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° поставщика Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. БистСмам с постоянной ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ записи Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ большСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ограничСния записи. + +Из справочной страницы `gjournal(8)`: + +* Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ составляСт 1 Π“Π‘. +* Π Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° составляСт ΡƒΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм установлСнной ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти. +* Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° основС ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ записи, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +НСдостаточный Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ сниТСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ высокой Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π° запись. + +Для получСния Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, поТалуйста, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ страницу справочника, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ man:gjournal[8]. + +[[reserve-space]] +=== ДСйствия, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΎ врСмя установки FreeBSD + +Π’ этом Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ описываСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ врСмя установки для систСм, настроСнных Π½Π° использованиС Турналирования GEOM. ЦСль β€” Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ дисковоС пространство для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ впослСдствии Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ связаны с Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами `/usr` ΠΈ `/var`. + +==== Π’Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ мСста ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ + +На Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС с ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ диском опСрационная систСма, установлСнноС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ устройствС. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ автоматичСскоС Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, выполняСмоС установщиком FreeBSD, выдСляСт Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ доступного пространства ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ `/usr`, с мСньшими Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ для `/var` ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ монтирования. + +По ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ установщик выдСляСт всё доступноС дисковоС пространство для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΠΈ Π½Π΅ оставляСт Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мСста. Если планируСтся использованиС Турналирования GEOM для ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… (нСпустых) Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ дисковоС пространство для размСщСния ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². КаТдая файловая систСма, которая Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ собствСнного ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π°. -Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ вопросов ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°Ρ… монтирования, ΠΌΡ‹ создадим Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ установим ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π² swap. Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π», ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ для свопа, Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ монтируСтся, плюс ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° Sysinstall позволяСт ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ своп, сколько Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ. ПослС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#/etc/fstab#, ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΠ² Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ лишниС записи ΠΎ своп-Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ…. +ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ `/usr` ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ диска, это Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» для нСбольшого ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². -Для создания своп-Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ клавиши со стрСлками, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ подсвСчиваниС ΠΊ Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΉ части экрана Π² ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Disklabel Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ стало подсвСчСнным имя диска. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ kbd:[N], Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° (_1024M_), Π° послС - Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠ»Ρ‹Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π΅ "swap space". ΠŸΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ эти шаги для всСх ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π’ этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ создаСм Π΄Π²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ для [.filename]#/usr# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var#. ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡˆΠΎΡ‚Π΅: +Π’ нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM планируСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для `/usr`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для `/var`. -image::disklabel2.png[] +==== БтратСгия разбиСния Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ -По Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ создания Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³Ρƒ названия Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ монтирования: с этой ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²ΠΎ врСмя конфигурирования. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ количСство ошибок, приводящих ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ установки. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ наши Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, сдСланныС для Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°: +Π’ΠΎ врСмя установки ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ разбиСния, прСдоставляСмый установщиком. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π»ΡŽΠ±ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму для `/`, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ стандартныС Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ UFS для `/usr` ΠΈ `/var`, Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ `/usr`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ достаточно нСраспрСдСлСнного пространства Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ диска. -.Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ -[cols="1,1,1", options="header"] +Из ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ нСраспрСдСлСнного пространства создайтС Π΄Π²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π² качСствС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²: + +* Один Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° `/usr` +* Один Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° `/var` + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ монтирования ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. Они останутся Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ явно связаны с ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ поставщиками Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `gjournal(8)` послС установки. + +Випичная схСма ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ: + +.Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, Π—Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Журналирования GEOM +[cols="1,1,2", options="header"] |=== -| Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» -| Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° монтирования -| Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» +| ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ‰ΠΈΠΊ +| ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ +| Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ -|ad0s1d +|/dev/ada0p2 |/var -|ad0s1h +|Ѐайловая систСма UFS (поставщик Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…) -|ad0s1f +|/dev/ada0p3 |/usr -|ad0s1g +|Ѐайловая систСма UFS (поставщик Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…) + +|/dev/ada0p4 +|Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» для /var +|НСформатированный, Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» + +|/dev/ada0p5 +|Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» для /usr +|НСформатированный, Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» |=== -Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ установку. Однако, ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Π»Π»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ сторонних Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²) Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ настройки Турналирования. +Π’ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ названия устройств ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ структуры диска ΠΈ схСмы Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎ врСмя установки, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ настройкС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. + +==== БообраТСния ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° + +Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° запись, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Для систСм ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ назначСния ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ достаточно ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 1–2 Π“Π‘. БистСмам с постоянной ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ записи ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ большСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. + +ВыдСляйтС пространство ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» экономно Π²ΠΎ врСмя установки, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ простоя. + +==== Π—Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ инсталляции + +ПослС рСзСрвирования Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ установку FreeBSD Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅. РСкомСндуСтся ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ установку стороннСго ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ настройку систСмы Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ настройки Турналирования GEOM. + +На этом этапС систСма загрузится с использованиСм стандартных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм UFS. Π—Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ останутся Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ явно Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ. [[first-boot]] -=== ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° +==== ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° послС установки + +ПослС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ запуска Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма загруТаСтся ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. -Π’Π°ΡˆΠ° систСма загрузится Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ [.filename]#/etc/fstab# ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ лишниС своп-Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ создавали ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π² Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° устройства, созданного автоматичСски ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Sysinstall, присутствуСт суффикс "b" (Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ это ad0s1b). Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ записи ΠΎ своп-Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€, послС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ FreeBSD пСрСстанСт ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. +ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ базовая систСма работоспособна, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ шаги Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚: -ПослС Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Турналирования. +* Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Турналирования GEOM +* БвязываниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² с ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… +* ОбновлСниС `/etc/fstab` для монтирования ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… устройств + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ шаги описаны Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅. [[configure-journal]] -== Настройка Турналирования +=== Настройка Турналирования [[running-gjournal]] -=== Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `gjournal` +==== Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Турналирования GEOM Π² ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах + +Π’ этом Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ описываСтся, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм `/usr` ΠΈ `/var`, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² процСссС установки. + +ПослС рСзСрвирования Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ смонтированы, систСму Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ. -ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Турналирования. Нам Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, для этого залогинимся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ `root` ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅ΠΌ: +Π—Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ `root` ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅: [source, shell] .... # shutdown now .... -НаТмитС kbd:[Enter] для получСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°. Нам Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ это [.filename]#/usr# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var#: +НаТмитС kbd:[Enter] для получСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ root. Нам Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ это [.filename]#/usr# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var#: [source, shell] .... # umount /usr /var .... -Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ядра, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для Турналирования: +Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ядра GEOM journaling: [source, shell] .... # gjournal load .... -На Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ этапС ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ со своими записями ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π». Π’ нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ [.filename]#/usr# располагаСтся Π½Π° [.filename]#ad0s1f#, Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° [.filename]#ad0s1g#, ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, для [.filename]#/var#: файловая систСма располагаСтся Π½Π° [.filename]#ad0s1d#, Π° Π΅Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» - Π½Π° [.filename]#ad0s1h#. НабСритС ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹: +Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅, свяТитС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ поставщика Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ поставщиком ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ свои Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. + +Π’ этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅: + +* `/usr` находится Π½Π° `/dev/ada0p3`, Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ β€” `/dev/ada0p5` +* `/var` находится Π½Π° `/dev/ada0p2`, Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ β€” `/dev/ada0p4` + +Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `gjournal(8)`: [source, shell] .... -# gjournal label ad0s1f ad0s1g -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1f contains data. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1g contains journal. +# gjournal label ada0p3 ada0p5 +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ada0p5 contains journal. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ada0p3 contains data. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p3 clean. -# gjournal label ad0s1d ad0s1h -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1d contains data. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1h contains journal. +# gjournal label ada0p2 ada0p4 +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ada0p4 contains journal. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ada0p2 contains data. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p2 clean. .... + [NOTE] ==== -Если послСдний сСктор любого ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² (поставщиков Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…) ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° `gjournal` Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ `-F` для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ пСрСзаписи, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: +Если `gjournal` сообщаСт, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ послСдний сСктор ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ. На свСТСсозданных ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… бСзопасно ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΌ `-f` для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ: [source, shell] .... -# gjournal label -f ad0s1d ad0s1h +# gjournal label -f /dev/ada0p2 /dev/ada0p4 .... - -Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это - новая установка, ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ маловСроятСн Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ пСрСписано. ==== -На Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ этапС созданы Π΄Π²Π° устройства: [.filename]#ad0s1d.journal# ΠΈ [.filename]#ad0s1f.journal#. Они ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ [.filename]#/var# ΠΈ [.filename]#/usr# соотвСтствСнно. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ Турналирования ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Soft Updates: +ПослС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π°: + +* `/dev/ada0p3.journal` для `/usr` +* `/dev/ada0p2.journal` для `/var` + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ устройства замСнят исходныС источники Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. + +ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ для Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ Soft Updates: [source, shell] .... -# tunefs -J enable -n disable ad0s1d.journal +# tunefs -J enable -n disable -j disable /dev/ada0p3.journal +tunefs: soft updates journaling cleared but soft updates still set +tunefs: remove .sujournal to reclaim space tunefs: gjournal set tunefs: soft updates cleared -# tunefs -J enable -n disable ad0s1f.journal +# tunefs -J enable -n disable -j disable /dev/ada0p2.journal +tunefs: soft updates journaling cleared but soft updates still set +tunefs: remove .sujournal to reclaim space tunefs: gjournal set tunefs: soft updates cleared .... -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, смонтируйтС Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ устройства Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ мСста Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы (ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ монтирования `async`): +Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, смонтируйтС Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ устройства Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ мСста Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы (ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ монтирования `async`) ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ [.filename]#.sujournal#, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто Π½Π° дискС: [source, shell] .... -# mount -o async /dev/ad0s1d.journal /var -# mount -o async /dev/ad0s1f.journal /usr +# mount -o async /dev/ada0p2.journal /var +# rm /var/.sujournal +# mount -o async /dev/ada0p3.journal /usr +# rm /usr/.sujournal .... ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ [.filename]#/etc/fstab# ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ записи для ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм: [.filename]#/usr# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var#: [.programlisting] .... -/dev/ad0s1f.journal /usr ufs rw,async 2 2 -/dev/ad0s1d.journal /var ufs rw,async 2 2 +/dev/ada0p3.journal /usr ufs rw,async 2 2 +/dev/ada0p2.journal /var ufs rw,async 2 2 .... [WARNING] @@ -250,36 +463,48 @@ tunefs: soft updates cleared geom_journal_load="YES" .... -ΠŸΠΎΠ·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌ! Π’Π°ΡˆΠ° систСма Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ настроСна для Турналирования. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ввСсти ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `exit` для Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (рСкомСндуСтся). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСния ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: +ΠŸΠΎΠ·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌ! Π’Π°ΡˆΠ° систСма Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ настроСна для Турналирования. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ввСсти ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `exit` для Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (рСкомСндуСтся). + +[source, shell] +.... +# shutdown -r now +.... + +Π’ΠΎ врСмя ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°: [source, shell] .... -ad0: 76293MB XEC XE800JD-00HBC0 08.02D08 at ata0-master SATA150 -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1g contains journal. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1h contains journal. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1d contains data. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d clean. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1f contains data. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1f clean. +# dmesg | grep GEOM_JOURNAL +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ada0p4 contains journal. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ada0p5 contains journal. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ada0p2 contains data. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p2 clean. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ada0p3 contains data. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p3 clean. .... ПослС Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ сообщСния Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: [source, shell] .... -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d consistent. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p2 consistent. .... ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ man:gjournal[8] использовал ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° для привСдСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π² согласованноС состояниС. [[gjournal-new]] -=== Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² +==== Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Турналирования GEOM Π½Π° вновь созданных Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°, описанная Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Турналирования GEOM Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ содСрТат Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ созданного, пустого Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° процСсс ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅. + +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… дисков ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°, описанная Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Турналирования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², содСрТащих Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ пустых Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅, Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ поставщик Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ поставщик ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅. НапримСр, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» установлСн Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ТСсткий диск ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π» создан Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/dev/ad1s1d#. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ слоТнСС Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°: + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°, описанная Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Турналирования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², содСрТащих Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ пустых Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅, Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ поставщик Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ поставщик ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅. НапримСр, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» установлСн Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Тёсткий диск ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π» создан Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/dev/ada1p1#. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ слоТнСС Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°: [source, shell] .... -# gjournal label ad1s1d +# gjournal label /dev/ada1p1 .... Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° - 1 Π“Π± ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. Однако, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ `-s`. Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ…, Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ…, ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ… (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ суффикс `K`, `M` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `G`). Π˜ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° `gjournal` Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» нСдопустимо ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. @@ -288,62 +513,136 @@ GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d consistent. [source, shell] .... -# gjournal label -s 2G ad1s1d +# gjournal label -s 2G /dev/ada1p1 .... -Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠΌ `-J`: +Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму UFS Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ `newfs(8)` Π½Π° устройствС `.journal`, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Soft Updates, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ `tunefs(8)`: [source, shell] .... -# newfs -J /dev/ad1s1d.journal +# newfs -J /dev/ada1p1.journal +# tunefs -n disable -j disable /dev/ada1p1.journal .... +ПослС создания Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ способом. НапримСр, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ Π² `/data`: + +[source, shell] +.... +# mount /dev/ada1p1.journal /data +.... + +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ автоматичСскоС ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ запись Π² [.filename]#/etc/fstab#: + +[.programlisting] +.... +/dev/ada1p1.journal /data ufs rw,async 2 2 +.... + +===== Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ использованию + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π° для хранСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²: + +* Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ пустым ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ `gjournal label` +* Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ пространство выдСляСтся Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° диска +* Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° + [[configure-kernel]] -=== ВстраиваниС Турналирования Π² спСциализированноС ядро +=== ВстраиваниС Турналирования Π² собствСнноС ядро -Если Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ `geom_journal` ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ прямо Π² вашС спСциализированноС ядро. РСдактируя ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ядра, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ находятся ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ строки: +Если Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ `geom_journal` ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ прямо Π² вашС спСциализированноС ядро. РСдактируя ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ядра, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ находятся ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ строки: [.programlisting] .... -options UFS_GJOURNAL # Note: This is already in GENERIC +options UFS_GJOURNAL <1> -options GEOM_JOURNAL # You will have to add this one +options GEOM_JOURNAL <2> .... +<.> ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β€” это ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² GENERIC +<.> Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ + + Π‘ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈ установитС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ядро слСдуя указаниям extref:{handbook}kernelconfig[Руководства FreeBSD., kernelconfig] И Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ строку Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ модуля ("load") ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# (Ссли Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ этапС ΠΎΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ‚ΡƒΠ΄Π° внСсСна). +=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° GEOM Турналирования + +Бтатус Турналирования GEOM ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ² Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ GEOM. + +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ вывСсти список всСх Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств Турналирования GEOM, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅: + +[source, shell] +---- +# gjournal list +---- + +Или для просмотра сводки состояния ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°: + +[source, shell] +---- +# gjournal status +---- + +Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ устройств, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° `.journal`. НаличиС этих ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Турналирования GEOM. + +Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ устройств GEOM ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ: + +[source, shell] +---- +# geom -t +---- + +Или для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ супСрблока Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `dumpfs(8)`: + +[source, shell] +---- +# dumpfs /dev/ada0p2.journal | grep -i journal +flags gjournal +---- + +[[troubleshooting-journaling]] [[troubleshooting-gjournal]] == УстранСниС Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» содСрТит часто Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ вопросы ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ, связанных с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. -=== Π― ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ядра Π²ΠΎ врСмя высокой дисковой активности. Как это связано с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ? +=== Π― ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ядра Π²ΠΎ врСмя высокой дисковой активности. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ связано с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ GEOM? + +На соврСмСнных систСмах FreeBSD Π°Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ остановки систСмы, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСдостаточным Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° GEOM, Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ интСнсивных всплСсках Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° запись, нСдостаточный Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ записи ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°-Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎ врСмя сброса ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π° устройство хранСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Аварийная остановка систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ лишь Π² ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… случаях, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π² сочСтании с Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ошибки Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°-Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ исчСрпаниС рСсурсов, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ цСлостности Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. -ВСроятно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» заполняСтся Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ происходит сброс Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° диск. ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ загруТСнности диска, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° поставщика Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Если Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° диска высокая, Π²Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» большСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° для ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. Π‘ΠΌ. замСчания Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ crossref:gjournal-desktop[understanding-journaling, Understanding Journaling in FreeBSD]. +Если Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π°Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ остановки ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ интСнсивной активности записи, рСкомСндуСтся ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° для Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. === Π― допустил Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ошибки Π²ΠΎ врСмя конфигурирования, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ систСма Π½Π΅ загруТаСтся. МоТно это ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ? -Π’Ρ‹ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ внСсти запись (ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ) Π² [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ошибки Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/etc/fstab#. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. НаТмитС kbd:[Enter], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹: +Π’Ρ‹ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ внСсти запись (ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ) Π² [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ошибки Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/etc/fstab#. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. Π’ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ остановится ΠΈ появится запрос Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, послС сбоя монтирования ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ошибки `fsck`), Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ kbd:[Enter], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹: [source, shell] .... # cat /boot/loader.conf .... +Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ строка сущСствуСт ΠΈ написана ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ: + +[.programlisting] +.... +geom_journal_load="YES" +.... + Если отсутствуСт запись `geom_journal_load`, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° содСрТит ошибки, ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ устройства Π½Π΅ создадутся. Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ всС Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ (ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ): [source, shell] .... # gjournal load -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1g contains journal. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1h contains journal. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1d contains data. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d clean. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1f contains data. -GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1f clean. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ada0p4 contains journal. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ada0p5 contains journal. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ada0p2 contains data. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p2 clean. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ada0p3 contains data. +GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ada0p3 clean. # mount -a # exit @@ -354,7 +653,7 @@ GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1f clean. === Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ Турналирования ΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Soft Updates? -НСсомнСнно. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ дСйствий, которая ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ измСнСния. Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, созданныС для поставщиков ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. +НСсомнСнно. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ дСйствий, которая ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ измСнСния. Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, созданныС для поставщиков ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π—Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ `root` ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ систСму Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ: @@ -381,29 +680,50 @@ GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1f clean. [source, shell] .... -# gjournal stop ad0s1d.journal -# gjournal stop ad0s1f.journal +# gjournal stop ada0p2.journal +# gjournal stop ada0p3.journal +.... + +Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ шаг Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ с Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ядра gjournal. Если ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ: + +[source, shell] +... # gjournal unload ... + +Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ строка присутствуСт Π² [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# ΠΈ написана ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ: + +[.programlisting] +.... +geom_journal_load="NO" +.... + +ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ваш ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π±Π΅Π· модуля ядра gjournal: + +[source, shell] +.... +# shutdown -r now .... -Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Турналирования со всСх задСйствованных устройств: +Π’ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² систСму Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·. Π£Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Турналирования со всСх задСйствованных устройств: [source, shell] .... -# gjournal clear ad0s1d -# gjournal clear ad0s1f -# gjournal clear ad0s1g -# gjournal clear ad0s1h +# gjournal clear ada0p2 +# gjournal clear ada0p3 +# gjournal clear ada0p4 +# gjournal clear ada0p5 .... -Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ Турналирования ΠΈ установитС Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Soft Updates: +Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ Турналирования ΠΈ установитС Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Soft Updates: [source, shell] .... -# tunefs -J disable -n enable ad0s1d +# tunefs -J disable -n enable -j enable ada0p2 +tunefs: soft updates journaling set tunefs: gjournal cleared tunefs: soft updates set -# tunefs -J disable -n enable ad0s1f +# tunefs -J disable -n enable -j enable ada0p3 +tunefs: soft updates journaling set tunefs: gjournal cleared tunefs: soft updates set .... @@ -412,26 +732,151 @@ tunefs: soft updates set [source, shell] .... -# mount -o rw /dev/ad0s1d /var -# mount -o rw /dev/ad0s1f /usr +# mount -o rw /dev/ada0p2 /var +# mount -o rw /dev/ada0p3 /usr .... ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#/etc/fstab# ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ: [.programlisting] .... -/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs rw 2 2 -/dev/ad0s1d /var ufs rw 2 2 +/dev/ada0p2 /usr ufs rw 2 2 +/dev/ada0p3 /var ufs rw 2 2 .... -И напослСдок, ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ строку, Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ `geom_journal`, ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму. +И напослСдок, ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ строку, Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ `geom_journal`, ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ трСбуСтся для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² диска), ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму. + +=== Как Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· Турналирования GEOM? + +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму Π±Π΅Π· Турналирования GEOM, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ модуля ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π²ΠΎ врСмя запуска. + +Π—Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ строку ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ: + +[.programlisting] +.... +geom_journal_load="YES" +.... + +ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Турналирования GEOM, ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ устройства (`*.journal`) Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ созданы. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ смонтированы с использованиСм ΠΈΡ… исходных (Π½Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ…) ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ нСобходимости для восстановлСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ обслуТивания. + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ измСняСт ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π° дискС ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ бСзопасно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для устранСния Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ. + +=== МоТно Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° GEOM послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ создания? + +НСт. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» GEOM Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π° мСстС послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ создания. + +Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° фиксируСтся Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ выполнСния `gjournal label` . Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. Для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, содСрТащих Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, это Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ размонтирования Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈ воссоздания ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅. + +ΠŸΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² консСрвативно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ соотвСтствовали ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ активности записи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. + +=== Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит послС Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сбоя питания? + +ПослС Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сбоя питания, ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΈ Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ воспроизводят ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ записи ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π²ΠΎ врСмя ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² согласованноС состояниС. + +Если восстановлСниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ, файловая систСма монтируСтся Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, ΠΈ полная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся. ВосстановлСниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ всСго нСсколько сСкунд ΠΈ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ объСма Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉ активности записи, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +Полная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибок Π² устройствС хранСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсоотвСтствии самого ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. + +=== Как взаимодСйствуСт ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM с fsck? + +Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΈ Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ с `fsck_ffs(8)` Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ способами, отраТая ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² стСкС хранСния FreeBSD. + +Для Турналирования GEOM восстановлСниС послС сбоя выполняСтся самой структурой GEOM. Π’ΠΎ врСмя запуска систСмы класс `geom_journal` ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ воспроизводит всС ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ записи ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ обрабатываСтся GEOM, Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ устройство станСт Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ высоких ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ систСмы. Если воспроизвСдСниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ, файловая систСма возвращаСтся Π² согласованноС состояниС, ΠΈ супСрблок UFS обновляСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся. Когда ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ  Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ вызываСтся `fsck_ffs(8)`, ΠΎΠ½ считываСт это состояниС ΠΈΠ· супСрблока ΠΈ пропускаСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +Для Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ восстановлСниС инициируСтся самим `fsck_ffs(8)`. Π’ΠΎ врСмя ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅, `fsck_ffs(8)` ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ файловая систСма ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΈ запускаСт Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΊΡƒ воспроизвСдСния ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°. Если воспроизвСдСниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° сообщаСт, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ файловая систСма Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°, `fsck_ffs(8)` Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ досрочно Π±Π΅Π· выполнСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ. Если воспроизвСдСниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, выполняСтся традиционная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. + +Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ восстановлСния Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ систСмы зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Турналирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ: + +---- +Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ систСмы + | + v +Π˜Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ядра + | + v +Π€Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊ GEOM framework (ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ поставщиков - tasting) + | + +--> Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM (gjournal) + | - Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ записи Π½Π° диск ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° выполняСтся Π½Π° этом этапС + | - Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы восстановлСна + | - Π‘ΡƒΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ + | + v +Π€Π°Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы (fsck_ffs) + | + +--> Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Soft Updates + | - Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ записи Π½Π° диск ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ fsck + | - fsck сразу Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚, Ссли файловая систСма Π² согласованном состоянии + | + v +ΠœΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы + | + v +ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° систСмы +---- + +`fsck_ffs(8)` всё Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° восстановлСниС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибок Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ врСмя пСриодичСских Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM сокращаСт врСмя восстановлСния послС сбоСв, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ замСняСт `fsck_ffs(8)` ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. + +=== ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° `gjournal clear` сообщаСт "ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π°" Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅? + +Π’ GEOM ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСно Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· нСсколько ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. НапримСр, Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ своим ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, основанным Π½Π° дискС (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `vtbd0p7`), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ GPT (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `/dev/gpt/labelname`). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ GEOM, ΡΡΡ‹Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ физичСскоС Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. + +Когда ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `gjournal stop` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `gjournal clear` Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π°, Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊ GEOM ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ снова ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ имя ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π° Π² процСссС распознаваниС устройства (tasting). Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» автоматичСски ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ присоСдиняСтся, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ошибкой "ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π°". + +ВСхничСски Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ это ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ² GEOM tasting ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ² созданиС Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ это ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π½Π΅ рСкомСндуСтся. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ классы GEOM ΠΈ систСмныС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². + +По этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ рСкомСндованная ΠΈ бСзопасная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ модуля `geom_journal` ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ Π½Π΅ происходит автоматичСского распознавания, ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ `gjournal clear` Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ. + +=== МоТно Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС? + +Π”Π°. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ остороТности ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ настройкС систСмы. + +ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ GEOM journal Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ этапС процСсса Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ устройство Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ доступно Π΄ΠΎ монтирования ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. ΠΠ΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ конфигурация ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, поэтому данная настройка, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, рСкомСндуСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ восстановлСния. + +По этим ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅ примСняСтся ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ систСмам, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `/usr` ΠΈ `/var`. + +=== ΠšΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ послСдствия для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Турналирования GEOM? + +Π’Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° GEOM Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ записи Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°-Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ всС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ записи сначала Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ фиксациСй Π½Π° устройствС хранСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ записи ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ высокому коэффициСнту увСличСния ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° записи ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами Π±Π΅Π· Турналирования. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ чтСния ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ страдаСт. НаиболСС Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ интСнсивных Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π° запись ΠΈ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°, Π΅Π³ΠΎ размСщСния ΠΈ скорости Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π°. ИспользованиС ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° достаточного Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ быстрого Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π° для поставщика ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. + +=== ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ вмСстС с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ классами GEOM? + +Π”Π°. GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ объСдинСно с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ классами GEOM. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ совмСстном использовании ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², созданных Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ классами GEOM, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `gmirror(8)` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `graid3(8)`. ΠŸΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ налоТСния Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ трСбованиям ΠΊ слоям задСйствованных классов GEOM. + +GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ обСспСчиваСт Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π½Π° всСх уровнях поставщиков, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ замСняСт ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ошибок, прСдоставляСмыС Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ классами GEOM. + +=== МоТно Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GEOM ΠΈ Soft Updates? + +НСт. GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Soft Updates Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. + +GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ контроля Π½Π°Π΄ порядком записи ΠΈ гарантиями согласованности. Если Soft Updates Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ вмСстС с GEOM ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, файловая систСма ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ вСсти сСбя нСпрСдсказуСмо, ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°. + +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании Турналирования GEOM Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Soft Updates Π½Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅. + +[[soft-updates]] +=== Π’ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Soft Updates ΠΈ Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ? + +Как Soft Updates, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Soft Updates with Journaling ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для поддСрТания цСлостности Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ сСбя ΠΏΠΎ-Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ послС сбоя систСмы. + +_Soft Updates_ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° счёт Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ упорядочивания записи ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² памяти, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° диск Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ бСзопасныС состояния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ сбоС Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ обновлСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ записанныС Π½Π° диск, просто Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, оставляя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² цСлостном, Π½ΠΎ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ старом состоянии. Однако ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ рСсурсов ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΈ для освобоТдСния Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ индСксных дСскрипторов трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ запуск `fsck_ffs(8)`. + +_Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ_ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ _Soft Updates _, добавляя ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, хранящийся Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ИзмСнСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сначала Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» ΠΈ автоматичСски воспроизводятся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ послС Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт быстро Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² согласованноС состояниС, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· нСобходимости ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ запуска `fsck_ffs(8)`. + +ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ говоря, _Soft Updates_ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π΅Π· Турналирования, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ _Soft Updates с ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ_ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ быстроС ΠΈ автоматичСскоС восстановлСниС послС сбоСв Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дискового пространства ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сниТСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. + [[further-reading]] == Для дальнСйшСго ознакомлСния -Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ - ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ новая Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ нСдостаточно Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°. Однако, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ сочти ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ источники: +Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ - ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ новая Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ нСдостаточно Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°. Однако, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ источники: -* Новый extref:{handbook}geom[Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Руководства FreeBSD, geom-gjournal], посвящСнный ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. +* extref:{handbook}geom[Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Руководства FreeBSD, geom-gjournal], посвящСнный ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. * http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-June/064043.html[Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ пост] Π² спискС рассылки {freebsd-current}, написанный `{pjd}` - Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ man:gjournal[8]. * http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2008-April/173501.html[Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ пост] ΠΎΡ‚ `{ivoras}` Π² спискС рассылки {freebsd-questions}. -* Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ справочника man:gjournal[8] ΠΈ man:geom[8]. +* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NuhRkiInvA[Journaled Soft-Updates, Dr. Kirk McKusick, BSDCan 2010] Π½Π° YouTube +* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMpmOezBJZo[GEOM - in Infrastructure We Trust, Pawel Jakub Dawidek, AsiaBSDCon 2008] Π½Π° YouTube +* Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ Π‘ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° man:gjournal[8], man:geom[8] ΠΈ man:tunefs[8]. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po index 678c1b6efb..5a6e273dbe 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" *** 3995 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:08:10 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYb6y5SHFz6Vbrw for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:08:10 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 22344 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:08:10 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 07e991cca6 - main - update translation of articles/pam to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 07e991cca670405a0e635122cc26446b797796b7 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:08:10 +0000 Message-Id: <69b6931a.22344.3e817f7@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=07e991cca670405a0e635122cc26446b797796b7 commit 07e991cca670405a0e635122cc26446b797796b7 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:07:55 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:07:55 +0000 update translation of articles/pam to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55581 --- documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.adoc | 30 +++--- documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.po | 121 ++++++++++------------ 2 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 79 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.adoc index cc392f3f4e..5078d66fce 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.adoc @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ authors: copyright: '2001-2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.' description: 'Руководство ΠΏΠΎ систСмС PAM ΠΈ модулям Π² FreeBSD' tags: ["pam", "introduction", "authentication", "modules", "FreeBSD"] -title: 'ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ АутСнтификации (PAM)' +title: 'ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (PAM)' trademarks: ["pam", "freebsd", "linux", "opengroup", "sun", "general"] --- @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. //// -= ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ АутСнтификации (PAM) += ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (PAM) :doctype: article :toc: macro :toclevels: 1 @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ toc::[] PAM описали ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Vipin Samar ΠΈ Charlie Lai ΠΈΠ· Sun Microsystems Π² 1995 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ, с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΎΠ½ сильно Π½Π΅ мСнялся. Π’ 1997 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Open Group ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ спСцификации Π½Π° X/Open Single Sign-on (XSSO), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ стандартизовало API для PAM ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ для ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ достаточно ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ) подписи. На ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ написания этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° эта спСцификация Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° принята Π·Π° стандарт. -Π₯отя эта ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π² основном FreeBSD 5.x, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ OpenPAM, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ для FreeBSD 4.x, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Linux-PAM, ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux ΠΈ Solaris(TM). +Π₯отя эта ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π² основном FreeBSD 5.x, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ OpenPAM, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ для FreeBSD 4.x, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Linux-PAM, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux ΠΈ Solaris(TM). [[pam-terms]] == Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ соглашСния @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ PAM описали ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Vipin Samar ΠΈ Charlie Lai ΠΈΠ· Sun [[pam-definitions]] === ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ -ВСрминология, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² PAM, достаточно Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π°. Ни ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Samar ΠΈ Lai, Π½ΠΈ спСцификация XSSO Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² PAM сторон, Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ (Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚) ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Π΄Π²ΡƒΡΠΌΡ‹ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡŽ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ написал Andrew G. Morgan (Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Linux-PAM) Π² 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ. Π₯отя Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ сдСлал ΠœΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½, Π±Ρ‹Π» гигантским скачком Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄, это, ΠΏΠΎ мнСнию Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ дСлаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни Π½Π° основС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠœΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°, Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ нСдвусмыслСнныС опрСдСлСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² для всСх участников ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² PAM. +ВСрминология, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² PAM, достаточно Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Π°. Ни ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Samar ΠΈ Lai, Π½ΠΈ спСцификация XSSO Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² PAM сторон, Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ (Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚) ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡŽ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ написал Andrew G. Morgan (Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Linux-PAM) Π² 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ. Π₯отя Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ сдСлал ΠœΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½, Π±Ρ‹Π» гигантским скачком Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄, это, ΠΏΠΎ мнСнию Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ дСлаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни Π½Π° основС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠœΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°, Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ нСдвусмыслСнныС опрСдСлСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² для всСх участников ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² PAM. учётная запись (account):: Набор ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°. @@ -119,13 +119,13 @@ PAM описали ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Vipin Samar ΠΈ Charlie Lai ΠΈΠ· Sun ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ запроса Π½Π° Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ для Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. подсистСма (facility):: -Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… основных Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ PAM: аутСнтификация, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… основных Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ PAM: аутСнтификация, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ (module):: -Набор ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ большСго количСства связанных Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ подсистСму Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, собранный Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ динамичСски Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ) Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. +Набор ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ большСго количСства связанных Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ подсистСму Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, собранный Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ динамичСски Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ) Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° (policy):: -ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ запросы PAM ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услугС. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ состоит ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ подсистСмы, хотя Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ слуТбы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π΅ всС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ подсистСмы. +ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ запросы PAM ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услугС. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ состоит ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ подсистСмы, хотя Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ слуТбы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π΅ всС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ подсистСмы. сСрвСр (server):: ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Ρ‹ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° для общСния с ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ запрос. @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ PAM описали ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Vipin Samar ΠΈ Charlie Lai ΠΈΠ· Sun Класс сСрвСров, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ PAM Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° основС сСрвисов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎ всСм сСрвСрам, ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ имя сСрвиса, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°. сСанс (session):: -ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ сСрвис оказываСтся Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ сСрвСром. Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… подсистСм PAM, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом, касаСтся ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ настройкС ΠΈ очисткС этого контСкста. +ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ сСрвис оказываСтся Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ сСрвСром. Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… подсистСм PAM, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом, касаСтся ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ настройкС ΠΈ очисткС этого контСкста. ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ (token):: Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанный с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Π°Ρ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ для своСй ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ PAM описали ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Vipin Samar ΠΈ Charlie Lai ΠΈΠ· Sun [[pam-usage-examples]] === ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ использования -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². ==== ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈ сСрвСр @@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ root .... * Аппликантом являСтся `alice`. -* Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `root`. +* Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `root`. * ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ man:su[1] являСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ сСрвСром. * АутСнтификационным ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠΌ являСтся `xi3kiune`. * Арбитратором выступаСт `root`, ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ поэтому Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:su[1] выставлСн Π±ΠΈΡ‚ выполнСния с ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ `root`. @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ Welcome to FreeBSD! * Аппликантом являСтся `eve`. * ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ являСтся процСсс man:ssh[1] ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Eve. * Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ являСтся процСсс man:sshd[8] Π½Π° машинС `login.example.com` -* Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `bob`. +* Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `bob`. * ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ являСтся `god`. * Π₯отя этого Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π½ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ являСтся `root`. @@ -233,18 +233,18 @@ _АутСнтификация._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма, собствСнн ** Ѐункция man:pam_setcred[3] устанавливаСт полномочия ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, члСнство Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ ограничСния Π½Π° использованиС рСсурсов. `account`:: -_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ вопросы доступности ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи, Π½Π΅ связанныС с Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ограничСния Π² доступС Π½Π° основС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ суток ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сСрвСра. Он прСдоставляСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²: +_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ вопросы доступности ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи, Π½Π΅ связанныС с Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ограничСния Π² доступС Π½Π° основС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ суток ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сСрвСра. Он прСдоставляСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²: ** Ѐункция man:pam_acct_mgmt[3] провСряСт, доступна Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ учётная запись. `session`:: -_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, связанныС с установлСниСм ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСанса, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Она прСдоставляСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°: +_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, связанныС с установлСниСм ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСанса, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Она прСдоставляСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°: ** Ѐункция man:pam_open_session[3] выполняСт дСйствия, связанныС с установлСниСм сСанса: Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ записСй Π² Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… [.filename]#utmp# ΠΈ [.filename]#wtmp#, запуск Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° SSH ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. ** Ѐункция man:pam_close_session[3] выполняСт дСйствия, связанныС с Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСанса: Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ записСй Π² Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… [.filename]#utmp# ΠΈ [.filename]#wtmp#, Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° SSH ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. `password`:: -_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π° Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанного с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ истСчСния Π΅Π³ΠΎ срока дСйствия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ТСлания ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Она прСдоставляСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²: +_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π° Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанного с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ истСчСния Π΅Π³ΠΎ срока дСйствия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ТСлания ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Она прСдоставляСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²: ** Ѐункция man:pam_chauthtok[3] измСняСт ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ провСряя, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°, Π½Π΅ использовался Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ OpenPAM, с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° состоит ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² PAM. КаТдоС Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎ прСдставляСт собой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ, Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ (Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅) ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ, ΠΈ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· модуля ΠΊΠΎΠ΄. -ПониманиС смысла ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ для понимания ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² PAM. Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π°: +ПониманиС смысла ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ для понимания ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² PAM. Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²: `binding`:: Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ сработал ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° прСрываСтся, Π° запрос подтвСрТдаСтся. Если ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ выполняСтся ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ°ΡΡΡ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ запрос отвСргаСтся. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.po index 3b36f04c9c..abbcc5c8ab 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pam/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:30-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-08-15 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ msgstr "Руководство ΠΏΠΎ систСмС PAM ΠΈ модулям Π² Free #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "Pluggable Authentication Modules" -msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ АутСнтификации (PAM)" +msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (PAM)" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:81 @@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ msgid "" "modules." msgstr "" "Π’ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹, Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² основС Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ " -"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ АутСнтификации (PAM - Pluggable Authentication Modules)" -", ΠΈ рассказываСтся, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PAM, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ PAM Π² прилоТСния ΠΈ " -"ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ PAM." +"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ АутСнтификации (PAM - Pluggable Authentication " +"Modules), ΠΈ рассказываСтся, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ PAM, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ PAM Π² " +"прилоТСния ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ PAM." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:85 @@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ msgid "" "other operating systems such as Linux and Solaris(TM)." msgstr "" "Π₯отя эта ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π² основном FreeBSD 5.x, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ " -"OpenPAM, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ для FreeBSD 4.x, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Linux-PAM, ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… " -"ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux ΠΈ Solaris(TM)." +"OpenPAM, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ для FreeBSD 4.x, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Linux-PAM, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для " +"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux ΠΈ Solaris(TM)." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:100 @@ -156,14 +156,14 @@ msgid "" "attempt, heavily inspired by Morgan, to define precise and unambiguous terms " "for all actors and entities involved in PAM." msgstr "" -"ВСрминология, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² PAM, достаточно Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π°. Ни ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ " +"ВСрминология, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² PAM, достаточно Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Π°. Ни ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Samar ΠΈ Lai, Π½ΠΈ спСцификация XSSO Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " "ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² PAM сторон, Π° " "Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ (Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚) ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ " -"Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Π΄Π²ΡƒΡΠΌΡ‹ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ " +"Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ " "Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡŽ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ написал Andrew G. Morgan (Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Linux-PAM) " "Π² 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ. Π₯отя Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ сдСлал ΠœΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½, Π±Ρ‹Π» гигантским " -"скачком Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄, это, ΠΏΠΎ мнСнию Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΅ " +"скачком Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄, это, ΠΏΠΎ мнСнию Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Ρ‘ " "ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ дСлаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни Π½Π° основС " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠœΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°, Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ нСдвусмыслСнныС опрСдСлСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² для всСх " "участников ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² PAM." @@ -252,8 +252,8 @@ msgid "" "authentication, account management, session management and authentication " "token update." msgstr "" -"Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… основных Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ PAM: " -"аутСнтификация, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом ΠΈ " +"Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… основных Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ PAM: " +"аутСнтификация, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом ΠΈ " "ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." #. type: Labeled list @@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ msgid "" "loadable) binary file and identified by a single name." msgstr "" "Набор ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ большСго количСства связанных Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ подсистСму Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, собранный Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ динамичСски " +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ подсистСму Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, собранный Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ динамичСски " "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ) Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ." #. type: Labeled list @@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ msgid "" "facilities." msgstr "" "ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"запросы PAM ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услугС. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ состоит ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… " +"запросы PAM ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услугС. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ состоит ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… " "Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ подсистСмы, хотя Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ слуТбы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π΅ " "всС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ подсистСмы." @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ msgid "" "server. One of PAM's four facilities, session management, is concerned " "exclusively with setting up and tearing down this context." msgstr "" -"ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ сСрвис оказываСтся Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ сСрвСром. Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… " +"ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ сСрвис оказываСтся Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ сСрвСром. Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… " "подсистСм PAM, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом, касаСтся ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ настройкС ΠΈ " "очисткС этого контСкста." @@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ msgid "" "above by way of a handful of simple examples." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²." +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Title ==== #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:159 @@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ msgstr "Аппликантом являСтся `alice`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:179 msgid "The account is `root`." -msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `root`." +msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `root`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:180 @@ -479,9 +479,9 @@ msgid "" "`login.example.com`, ask to log in as `bob`, and succeed. Bob should have " "chosen a better password!" msgstr "" -"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ рассматриваСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `eve`, ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " -"man:ssh[1]-соСдинСниС с `login.example.com`, ΠΈ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ входя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `bob`. Π‘ΠΎΠ± Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅!" +"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ рассматриваСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `eve`, ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ man:" +"ssh[1]-соСдинСниС с `login.example.com`, ΠΈ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ входя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ " +"`bob`. Π‘ΠΎΠ± Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅!" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:192 @@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ msgstr "Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ являСтся процСсс man:sshd[8] Π½Π° маш #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:210 msgid "The account is `bob`." -msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `bob`." +msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью являСтся `bob`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:211 @@ -610,8 +610,8 @@ msgstr "" "[.filename]#pam_nologin.so#, [.filename]#pam_unix.so#, [." "filename]#pam_login_access.so#, [.filename]#pam_lastlog.so# ΠΈ [." "filename]#pam_permit.so# ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ модулями. Из этого ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ [." -"filename]#pam_unix.so# Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ подсистСмы (" -"Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями)." +"filename]#pam_unix.so# Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ подсистСмы " +"(Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ записями)." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:232 @@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ msgid "" "time of day or the server's work load. It provides a single primitive:" msgstr "" "_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ вопросы " -"доступности ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи, Π½Π΅ связанныС с Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"доступности ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи, Π½Π΅ связанныС с Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "ограничСния Π² доступС Π½Π° основС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ суток ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ сСрвСра. Он " "прСдоставляСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²:" @@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ msgid "" "set-up and tear-down, such as login accounting. It provides two primitives:" msgstr "" "_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сСансом._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, связанныС с " -"установлСниСм ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСанса, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Она " +"установлСниСм ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСанса, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Она " "прСдоставляСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°:" #. type: Plain text @@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ msgid "" "the user wishes to change it. It provides a single primitive:" msgstr "" "_Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ._ Π­Ρ‚Π° подсистСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π° " -"Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанного с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ истСчСния Π΅Π³ΠΎ срока " +"Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанного с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записью, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ истСчСния Π΅Π³ΠΎ срока " "дСйствия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ТСлания ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Она прСдоставляСт " "СдинствСнный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²:" @@ -896,10 +896,10 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:302 msgid "" "Understanding the control flags is essential to understanding PAM " -"configuration files. There are four different control flags:" +"configuration files. There are five different control flags:" msgstr "" "ПониманиС смысла ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ для понимания " -"ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² PAM. Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π°:" +"ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² PAM. Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²:" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:303 @@ -926,8 +926,8 @@ msgid "" "This control flag was introduced by Sun in Solaris(TM) 9 (SunOS(TM) 5.9), " "and is also supported by OpenPAM." msgstr "" -"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Sun Π² Solaris(TM) 9 (SunOS(TM) 5" -".9), ΠΈ поддСрТиваСтся Π² OpenPAM." +"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Sun Π² Solaris(TM) 9 (SunOS(TM) " +"5.9), ΠΈ поддСрТиваСтся Π² OpenPAM." #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:308 @@ -1145,8 +1145,8 @@ msgid "" "Once the correct credentials have been established, the server calls man:" "pam_open_session[3] to set up the session." msgstr "" -"ПослС получСния Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ, сСрвСр Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ " -"man:pam_open_session[3] для установлСния сСанса." +"ПослС получСния Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ, сСрвСр Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ man:" +"pam_open_session[3] для установлСния сСанса." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:347 @@ -1412,17 +1412,10 @@ msgid "" "Linux-PAM supports an alternate syntax that lets you specify the action to associate with each possible return code, but this should be avoided as it is non-standard and closely tied in with the way Linux-PAM dispatches service calls (which differs greatly from the way Solaris(TM) and OpenPAM do it.) \n" "Unsurprisingly, OpenPAM does not support this syntax.\n" msgstr "" -"Π’ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… слов, " -"описанных Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅\n" -"\tcrossref:pam[pam-chains-policies, Π¦Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ], Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ " -"рассказано, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· модуля ΠΊΠΎΠ΄.\n" -" Π’ Linux-PAM поддСрТиваСтся Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ синтаксис, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ позволяСт " -"ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ дСйствиС, связанной с ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ этого " -"слСдуСт ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ являСтся стандартным ΠΈ тСсно связан со " -"способом диспСтчСризации Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² сСрвисов Π² Linux-PAM (Π° ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " -"отличаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ способа взаимодСйствия Π² Solaris(TM) ΠΈ OpenPAM).\n" -" НС Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ удивлСния Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² OpenPAM этот синтаксис Π½Π΅ " -"поддСрТиваСтся.\n" +"Π’ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… слов, описанных Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅\n" +"\tcrossref:pam[pam-chains-policies, Π¦Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ], Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ рассказано, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· модуля ΠΊΠΎΠ΄.\n" +" Π’ Linux-PAM поддСрТиваСтся Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ синтаксис, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ позволяСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ дСйствиС, связанной с ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ этого слСдуСт ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ являСтся стандартным ΠΈ тСсно связан со способом диспСтчСризации Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² сСрвисов Π² Linux-PAM (Π° ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ отличаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ способа взаимодСйствия Π² Solaris(TM) ΠΈ OpenPAM).\n" +" НС Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ удивлСния Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² OpenPAM этот синтаксис Π½Π΅ поддСрТиваСтся.\n" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:430 @@ -1604,11 +1597,11 @@ msgid "" "password), and in the preliminary phase it treats `binding` and `sufficient` " "modules as if they were `required`." msgstr "" -"Π’Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ послСдним ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ функция man:pam_chauthtok[3]" -" ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΡƒ Π΄Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ (ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ€Π°Π· для ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ, " -"ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π· для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ задания пароля), ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° " -"считаСт, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ `binding` ΠΈ `sufficient` ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " -"`required`." +"Π’Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ послСдним ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ функция man:" +"pam_chauthtok[3] ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΡƒ Π΄Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ (ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ€Π°Π· для " +"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π· для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ задания пароля), ΠΈ Π½Π° " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° считаСт, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ `binding` ΠΈ `sufficient` " +"ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ `required`." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:485 @@ -1863,8 +1856,8 @@ msgid "" "passwd[1], to which the `root` should have automatic access." msgstr "" "ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ man:pam_rootok[8] Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² " -"Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ случаС, Ссли Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ id ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ процСсса, Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ (" -"прСдполагаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ запускаСт Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚) Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ 0. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ для " +"Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ случаС, Ссли Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ id ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ процСсса, Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ " +"(прСдполагаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ запускаСт Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚) Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ 0. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ для " "нСсСтСвых сСрвисов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:su[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ man:passwd[1], ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `root` Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ автоматичСский доступ." @@ -1919,8 +1912,8 @@ msgstr "" "ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ man:pam_ssh[8] прСдоставляСт ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСрвис Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ сСанса. " "БСрвис Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ сСкрСтныС ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ SSH, " "Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ паролями, Π² своих ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ… [.filename]#~/.ssh#, " -"Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ посрСдством этих ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ. БСансовый сСрвис запускаСт man" -":ssh-agent[1] ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅ " +"Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ посрСдством этих ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ. БСансовый сСрвис запускаСт man:" +"ssh-agent[1] ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅ " "Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Вакая Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π² частности, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° для Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² " "Π² систСму, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² систСму X (посрСдством man:xdm[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ X-ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° " "Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с PAM), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° консоль." @@ -2032,9 +2025,9 @@ msgstr "" "Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° минимальная рСализация man:pam_unix[8], ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ " "Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ сСрвисы Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Она Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с " "Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ PAM, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ возмоТности Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ " -"OpenPAM, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚: ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ использованиС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ " -"man:pam_get_authtok[3], которая ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° " -"пароля ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ." +"OpenPAM, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚: ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ использованиС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ man:" +"pam_get_authtok[3], которая ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° пароля " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ." #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:646 @@ -2063,9 +2056,9 @@ msgstr "" "вСрсиСй Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ man:openpam_ttyconv[3] ΠΈΠ· OpenPAM. Она ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°, ΠΈ " "Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ источником ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° сСбя вСсти функция " "взаимодСйствия, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° слишком проста для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π”Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли " -"Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ OpenPAM, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠ³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"man:openpam_ttyconv[3] Π² своих цСлях; ΠΌΡ‹ надССмся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° достаточно " -"Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½Π° Π² качСствС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ для взаимодСйствия с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ устройствами." +"Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ OpenPAM, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠ³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ man:" +"openpam_ttyconv[3] Π² своих цСлях; ΠΌΡ‹ надССмся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° достаточно Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½Π° Π² " +"качСствС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ для взаимодСйствия с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ устройствами." #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:661 @@ -2126,8 +2119,8 @@ msgid "" "_link:https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E27224/pam-1.html[PAM " "Administration]_. Sun Microsystems." msgstr "" -"_link:https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E27224/pam-1.html[" -"АдминистрированиС PAM]_. Sun Microsystems." +"_link:https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E27224/pam-1." +"html[АдминистрированиС PAM]_. Sun Microsystems." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:680 @@ -2150,8 +2143,8 @@ msgid "" "_link:http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/[Linux-PAM homepage]_ Andrew " "Morgan." msgstr "" -"_link:http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/[Π”ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΡΡ страница Linux-PAM]" -"_ Andrew Morgan." +"_link:http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/[Π”ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΡΡ страница Linux-" +"PAM]_ Andrew Morgan." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/pam/_index.adoc:686 From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:13:44 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYbFN5gYLz6Vc4L for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:13:44 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYbFN53fJz3jwn for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:13:44 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 1e81db93b7 - main - update translation of articles/pr-guidelines to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 1e81db93b7a9aa861a2d322e4b0ae187181b8278 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:13:44 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69468.25458.7b44ec49@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=1e81db93b7a9aa861a2d322e4b0ae187181b8278 commit 1e81db93b7a9aa861a2d322e4b0ae187181b8278 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:12:01 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:12:01 +0000 update translation of articles/pr-guidelines to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55721 --- .../content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc | 52 +- .../content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po | 763 +++++++++++---------- 2 files changed, 433 insertions(+), 382 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc index aa7dfd44db..4f04742c6f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc @@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ authors: author: 'Dag-Erling SmΓΈrgrav' - author: 'Hiten Pandya' + - + author: 'Mark Linimon' description: 'Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD (PR β€” Problem Reports).' tags: ["PR", "guideline", "bugs", "maintenance", "BugZilla", "FreeBSD"] -title: 'Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…' +title: 'Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bugzilla' trademarks: ["freebsd", "general"] --- -= Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… += Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bugzilla :doctype: article :toc: macro :toclevels: 1 @@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ endif::[] [.abstract-title] Аннотация -Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD (PR). Π₯отя ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ сопровоТдСния Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR FreeBSD mailto:freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org[freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org], эти Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ слСдуСт ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всСм, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ с PR FreeBSD. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD (PR), ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Bugzilla. Π₯отя ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ сопровоТдСния Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD Bugzilla mailto:freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org[freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org], эти Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ слСдуСт ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всСм, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD. ''' @@ -57,26 +59,36 @@ Bugzilla β€” это систСма управлСния Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ, исп Доступ ΠΊ Bugzilla прСдоставлСн всСму сообщСству FreeBSD. Для поддСрТания согласованности Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ обСспСчСния Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ взаимодСйствия с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ установлСны руководящиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹, ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ аспСкты управлСния ошибками, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ прСдоставлСниС ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… дСйствий, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° запросов Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅: Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Β«PRΒ» понимаСтся Β«ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² BugzillaΒ» (Bugzilla Problem Report). + [[pr-lifecycle]] == Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ +[NOTE] +==== +Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» устарСл ΠΈ пСрСписываСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ 2026 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. +==== * Π Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ отправляСт ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ± ошибкС Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π±-сайтС. Ошибка находится Π² состоянии `Needs Triage`. * Π”ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ Рэндом БагБастСр ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ± ошибкС содСрТит достаточно ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для Π΅Ρ‘ воспроизвСдСния. Если Π½Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠ½Π° взаимодСйствуСт с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. На этом этапС ошибкС присваиваСтся статус `Open`. -* Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ проявляСт интСрСс ΠΊ PR ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСбС, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π”ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ БагБастСр Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ PR Π”ΠΆΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. Ошибка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² состояниС `In Discussion`. +* Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ проявляСт интСрСс ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСбС, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π”ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ БагБастСр Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π”ΠΆΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. Ошибка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² состояниС `In Discussion`. * Π”ΠΆΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ общаСтся с ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ (ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ всё заносится Π² ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π°) ΠΈ опрСдСляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. -* Π”ΠΆΠΎ засиТиваСтся всю Π½ΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ ΠΈ создаСт ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ считаСт, исправляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈ отправляСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ сообщСнии, прося Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° PR ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ устанавливаСт состояниС PR Π² `Patch Ready`. +* Π”ΠΆΠΎ засиТиваСтся всю Π½ΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ ΠΈ создаСт ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ считаСт, исправляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈ отправляСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ сообщСнии, прося Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ устанавливаСт состояниС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° Π² `Patch Ready`. * ПослС Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π”ΠΆΠΎ, ΠΈ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π”ΠΆΠΎ фиксируСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² `-CURRENT` (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π² `-STABLE`, Ссли ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° отсутствуСт Π² `-CURRENT`), ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ указывая Π² Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° ссылку Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ упоминая Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ прСдоставил ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ частично) ΠΈ, Ссли Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, запускаСт отсчёт для MFC. Ошибка пСрСводится Π² состояниС `Needs MFC`. -* Если исправлСниС Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ пСрСноса Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ (MFC), Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ PR с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ `Issue Resolved`. +* Если исправлСниС Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ пСрСноса Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ (MFC), Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ `Issue Resolved`. [NOTE] ==== -МногиС PR ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ нСбольшим количСством ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ слоТны для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ лишь повСрхностно Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ; Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всю Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ нСльзя Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° снова, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ PR. +МногиС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ нСбольшим количСством ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ слоТны для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ лишь повСрхностно Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ; Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всю Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ нСльзя Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° снова, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚. ==== [[pr-states]] == БостояниС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ -Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состояниС PR ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… дСйствий. БостояниС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ статус Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ PR. +[NOTE] +==== +Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» устарСл ΠΈ пСрСписываСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ 2026 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. +==== +Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состояниС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… дСйствий. БостояниС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ статус Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. .НСбольшой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° слСдуСт ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ состояниС PR [example] @@ -99,7 +111,7 @@ patched (исправлСно):: ΠŸΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ (MFC ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°) Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ оТидаСтся. suspended (приостановлСно):: -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° нСдостатка ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ рСсурсов. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ удастся Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вовсС, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Π°, Π° Π½Π΅ приостановлСна. Π”ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ статус «приостановлСно» для ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² списка ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объСма Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρƒ участников сСйчас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° нСдостатка ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ рСсурсов. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ удастся Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вовсС, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Π°, Π° Π½Π΅ приостановлСна. Π”ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ статус «приостановлСно» для ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² списка ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρƒ участников сСйчас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. closed (Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎ):: ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ закрываСтся, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° всС измСнСния Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ протСстированы, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° исправлСниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ. @@ -140,9 +152,17 @@ closed (Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎ):: |freebsd-bugs |спСцифичныС ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ -|alpha, amd64, arm, i386, ia64, powerpc, sparc64 +|arm, amd64, i386, mips |freebsd-_arch_ +|спСцифичныС ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: powerpc +|powerpc64 +|freebsd-ppc + +|спСцифичныС ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: riscv64 +|riscv64 +|freebsd-risc + |коллСкция ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² |ports |freebsd-ports-bugs @@ -227,11 +247,6 @@ closed (Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎ):: |freebsd-acpi |список рассылки -|ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) -|kern -|freebsd-atm -|список рассылки - |ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° со встроСнными ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами FreeBSD (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, NanoBSD/PicoBSD/FreeBSD-arm) |kern |freebsd-embedded @@ -257,11 +272,6 @@ closed (Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎ):: |freebsd-ipfw |список рассылки -|ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) -|kern -|freebsd-isdn -|список рассылки - |подсистСма man:jail[8] |kern |freebsd-jail @@ -436,7 +446,7 @@ PR ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ, явл | ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ | Π’ΠΈΠΏ НазначСнного -|ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR +|ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… |bin |bugmeister |alias diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po index af23ba6fbd..a8d991ae80 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-20 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -26,43 +26,44 @@ msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ #. type: Title = #: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:1 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:11 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:12 #, no-wrap -msgid "Problem Report Handling Guidelines" -msgstr "Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…" +msgid "Problem Report Handling Guidelines With Bugzilla" +msgstr "Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bugzilla" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:44 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:45 msgid "Abstract" msgstr "Аннотация" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:47 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:48 msgid "" "These guidelines describe recommended handling practices for FreeBSD Problem " -"Reports (PRs). Whilst developed for the FreeBSD PR Database Maintenance " -"Team mailto:freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org[freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org], " -"these guidelines should be followed by anyone working with FreeBSD PRs." +"Reports (PRs) as submitted via Bugzilla. Whilst developed for the FreeBSD " +"Bugzilla Database Maintenance Team mailto:freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD." +"org[freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org], these guidelines should be followed by " +"anyone working with FreeBSD Problem Reports." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD (PR). Π₯отя ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ сопровоТдСния Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ " -"Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR FreeBSD mailto:freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org[freebsd-" -"bugbusters@FreeBSD.org], эти Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ слСдуСт ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всСм, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ " -"Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ с PR FreeBSD." +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD (PR), ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Bugzilla. Π₯отя ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ для " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ сопровоТдСния Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD Bugzilla mailto:freebsd-" +"bugbusters@FreeBSD.org[freebsd-bugbusters@FreeBSD.org], эти Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " +"слСдуСт ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всСм, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:49 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:50 msgid "'''" msgstr "'''" #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:53 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:57 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:58 msgid "" "Bugzilla is an issue management system used by the FreeBSD Project. As " "accurate tracking of outstanding software defects is important to FreeBSD's " @@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ msgstr "" "развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:60 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:61 msgid "" "Access to Bugzilla is available to the entire FreeBSD community. In order " "to maintain consistency within the database and provide a consistent user " @@ -89,14 +90,29 @@ msgstr "" "аспСкты управлСния ошибками, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ прСдоставлСниС ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… дСйствий, " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° запросов Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅." +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:63 +msgid "" +"Note: in this Article, the term \"PR\" means \"Bugzilla Problem Report\"." +msgstr "" +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅: Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Β«PRΒ» понимаСтся Β«ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² " +"BugzillaΒ» (Bugzilla Problem Report)." + #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:62 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "Problem Report Life-cycle" msgstr "Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅" +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:70 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:91 +msgid "This section is obsolete and being rewritten as of January 2026." +msgstr "" +"Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» устарСл ΠΈ пСрСписываСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ 2026 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°." + #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:65 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:72 msgid "" "The Reporter submits a bug report on the website. The bug is in the `Needs " "Triage` state." @@ -105,7 +121,7 @@ msgstr "" "состоянии `Needs Triage`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:66 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:73 msgid "" "Jane Random BugBuster confirms that the bug report has sufficient " "information to be reproducible. If not, she goes back and forth with the " @@ -118,19 +134,19 @@ msgstr "" "присваиваСтся статус `Open`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:67 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:74 msgid "" -"Joe Random Committer takes interest in the PR and assigns it to himself, or " -"Jane Random BugBuster decides that Joe is best suited to handle it and " +"Joe Random Committer takes interest in the report and assigns it to himself, " +"or Jane Random BugBuster decides that Joe is best suited to handle it and " "assigns it to him. The bug should be set to the `In Discussion` state." msgstr "" -"Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ проявляСт интСрСс ΠΊ PR ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСбС, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π”ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ " -"Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ БагБастСр Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ " -"Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ PR Π”ΠΆΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. Ошибка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² состояниС `In " +"Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ проявляСт интСрСс ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСбС, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"Π”ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ БагБастСр Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ " +"ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π”ΠΆΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. Ошибка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² состояниС `In " "Discussion`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:68 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:75 msgid "" "Joe has a brief exchange with the originator (making sure it all goes into " "the audit trail) and determines the cause of the problem." @@ -139,18 +155,18 @@ msgstr "" "Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π°) ΠΈ опрСдСляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:69 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:76 msgid "" "Joe pulls an all-nighter and whips up a patch that he thinks fixes the " "problem, and submits it in a follow-up, asking the originator to test it. He " -"then sets the PRs state to `Patch Ready`." +"then sets the report's state to `Patch Ready`." msgstr "" "Π”ΠΆΠΎ засиТиваСтся всю Π½ΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ ΠΈ создаСт ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ считаСт, " -"исправляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈ отправляСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ сообщСнии, прося Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° PR " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ устанавливаСт состояниС PR Π² `Patch Ready`." +"исправляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈ отправляСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ сообщСнии, прося Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ устанавливаСт состояниС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° Π² `Patch Ready`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:70 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:77 msgid "" "A couple of iterations later, both Joe and the originator are satisfied with " "the patch, and Joe commits it to `-CURRENT` (or directly to `-STABLE` if the " @@ -167,53 +183,55 @@ msgstr "" "Ошибка пСрСводится Π² состояниС `Needs MFC`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:71 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:78 msgid "" -"If the patch does not need MFCing, Joe then closes the PR as `Issue " +"If the patch does not need MFCing, Joe then closes the report as `Issue " "Resolved`." msgstr "" "Если исправлСниС Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ пСрСноса Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ (MFC), Π”ΠΆΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " -"PR с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ `Issue Resolved`." +"ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ `Issue Resolved`." #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:76 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:83 msgid "" -"Many PRs are submitted with very little information about the problem, and " -"some are either very complex to solve, or just scratch the surface of a " +"Many reports are submitted with very little information about the problem, " +"and some are either very complex to solve, or just scratch the surface of a " "larger problem; in these cases, it is very important to obtain all the " "necessary information needed to solve the problem. If the problem contained " "within cannot be solved, or has occurred again, it is necessary to re-open " -"the PR." +"the report." msgstr "" -"МногиС PR ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ нСбольшим количСством ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, " -"Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ слоТны для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ лишь повСрхностно " +"МногиС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ нСбольшим количСством ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ слоТны для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ лишь повСрхностно " "Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ; Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " "всю Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ нСльзя " -"Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° снова, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ PR." +"Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° снова, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:79 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "Problem Report State" msgstr "БостояниС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:83 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:94 msgid "" -"It is important to update the state of a PR when certain actions are taken. " -"The state should accurately reflect the current state of work on the PR." +"It is important to update the state of a Problem Report when certain actions " +"are taken. The state should accurately reflect the current state of work on " +"the issue." msgstr "" -"Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состояниС PR ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… дСйствий. БостояниС " -"Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ статус Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ PR." +"Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состояниС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… " +"дСйствий. БостояниС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ статус Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ." #. type: Block title -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:84 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "A small example on when to change PR state" msgstr "НСбольшой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° слСдуСт ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ состояниС PR" #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:89 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:100 msgid "" "When a PR has been worked on and the developer(s) responsible feel " "comfortable about the fix, they will submit a followup to the PR and change " @@ -227,40 +245,40 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ устранСна ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:92 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:103 msgid "A Problem Report may be in one of the following states:" msgstr "ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… состояний:" #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:93 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "open" msgstr "open (ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎ)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:95 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:106 msgid "Initial state; the problem has been pointed out and it needs reviewing." msgstr "ΠΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ состояниС; ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ рассмотрСния." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:96 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "analyzed" msgstr "analyzed (ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:98 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:109 msgid "The problem has been reviewed and a solution is being sought." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° рассмотрСна, ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ находится Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:99 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "feedback" msgstr "feedback (обратная связь)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:101 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:112 msgid "" "Further work requires additional information from the originator or the " "community; possibly information regarding the proposed solution." @@ -269,13 +287,13 @@ msgstr "" "сообщСства; Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:102 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "patched" msgstr "patched (исправлСно)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:104 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:115 msgid "" "A patch has been committed, but something (MFC, or maybe confirmation from " "originator) is still pending." @@ -284,13 +302,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ оТидаСтся." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:105 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "suspended" msgstr "suspended (приостановлСно)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:110 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:121 msgid "" "The problem is not being worked on, due to lack of information or " "resources. This is a prime candidate for somebody who is looking for a " @@ -303,17 +321,17 @@ msgstr "" "Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ удастся " "Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вовсС, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Π°, Π° Π½Π΅ приостановлСна. Π”ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ статус «приостановлСно» для ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² списка ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, " -"Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объСма Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρƒ участников сСйчас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ " +"Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρƒ участников сСйчас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ " "Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:111 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "closed" msgstr "closed (Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎ)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:113 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:124 msgid "" "A problem report is closed when any changes have been integrated, " "documented, and tested, or when fixing the problem is abandoned." @@ -323,7 +341,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ." #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:117 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:128 msgid "" "The \"patched\" state is directly related to feedback, so you may go " "directly to \"closed\" state if the originator cannot test the patch, and it " @@ -334,13 +352,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исправлСниС, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… собствСнных тСстах." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:120 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "Types of Problem Reports" msgstr "Π’ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:123 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:134 msgid "" "While handling problem reports, either as a developer who has direct access " "to the Problem Reports database or as a contributor who browses the database " @@ -353,32 +371,32 @@ msgstr "" "запросами Π½Π° измСнСния, Π²Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с нСсколькими Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ PR." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:125 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:136 msgid "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-unassigned, Unassigned PRs]" msgstr "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-unassigned, НСназначСнныС PR]" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:126 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:137 msgid "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-assigned, Assigned PRs]" msgstr "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-assigned, НазначСнныС PR]" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:127 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:138 msgid "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-dups, Duplicate PRs]" msgstr "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-dups, Π”ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ PR]" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:128 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:139 msgid "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-stale, Stale PRs]" msgstr "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-stale, Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ PR]" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:129 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:140 msgid "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-misfiled-notpr, Non-Bug PRs]" msgstr "crossref:pr-guidelines[pr-misfiled-notpr, НСсвязанныС с ошибками PR]" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:131 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:142 msgid "" "The following sections describe what each different type of PRs is used for, " "when a PR belongs to one of these types, and what treatment each different " @@ -389,13 +407,13 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:133 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "Unassigned PRs" msgstr "НСназначСнныС PR" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:139 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:150 msgid "" "When PRs arrive, they are initially assigned to a generic (placeholder) " "assignee. These are always prepended with `freebsd-`. The exact value for " @@ -410,243 +428,280 @@ msgstr "" "распространёнными значСниями Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π΅:" #. type: Block title -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:141 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "Default Assignees - most common" msgstr "НазначСнныС ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ исполнитСли β€” Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространённыС" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:145 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:174 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:221 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:341 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:451 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:156 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:193 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:240 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:350 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:460 #, no-wrap msgid "Type" msgstr "Π’ΠΈΠΏ" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:146 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:175 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:157 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:194 #, no-wrap msgid "Categories" msgstr "ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:148 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:177 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:159 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:196 #, no-wrap msgid "Default Assignee" msgstr "НазначСнный ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:149 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:160 #, no-wrap msgid "base system" msgstr "базовая систСма" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:150 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:161 #, no-wrap msgid "bin, conf, gnu, kern, misc" msgstr "bin, conf, gnu, kern, misc" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:152 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:163 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-bugs" msgstr "freebsd-bugs" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:153 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "architecture-specific" msgstr "спСцифичныС ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:154 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:165 #, no-wrap -msgid "alpha, amd64, arm, i386, ia64, powerpc, sparc64" -msgstr "alpha, amd64, arm, i386, ia64, powerpc, sparc64" +msgid "arm, amd64, i386, mips" +msgstr "arm, amd64, i386, mips" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:156 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-_arch_" msgstr "freebsd-_arch_" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:157 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:168 +#, no-wrap +msgid "architecture-specific: powerpc" +msgstr "спСцифичныС ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: powerpc" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:169 +#, no-wrap +msgid "powerpc64" +msgstr "powerpc64" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:171 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:257 +#, no-wrap +msgid "freebsd-ppc" +msgstr "freebsd-ppc" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:172 +#, no-wrap +msgid "architecture-specific: riscv64" +msgstr "спСцифичныС ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: riscv64" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:173 +#, no-wrap +msgid "riscv64" +msgstr "riscv64" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:175 +#, no-wrap +msgid "freebsd-risc" +msgstr "freebsd-risc" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "ports collection" msgstr "коллСкция ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:158 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:347 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:352 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:357 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:362 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:367 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:372 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:377 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:382 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:387 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:392 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:397 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:402 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:407 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:412 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:417 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:422 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:427 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:432 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:437 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:177 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:356 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:361 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:366 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:371 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:376 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:381 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:386 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:391 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:396 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:401 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:406 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:411 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:416 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:421 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:426 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:431 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:436 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:441 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:446 #, no-wrap msgid "ports" msgstr "ports" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:160 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:179 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-ports-bugs" msgstr "freebsd-ports-bugs" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:161 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:180 #, no-wrap msgid "documentation shipped with the system" msgstr "докумСнтация, поставляСмая с систСмой" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:162 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:181 #, no-wrap msgid "docs" msgstr "docs" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:164 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:183 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-doc" msgstr "freebsd-doc" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:165 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "FreeBSD web pages (not including docs)" msgstr "Π²Π΅Π±-страницы FreeBSD (Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ)" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:166 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:185 #, no-wrap msgid "Website" msgstr "Website" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:167 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:186 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-www" msgstr "freebsd-www" #. type: Block title -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:170 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:189 #, no-wrap msgid "Default Assignees - other" msgstr "НазначСнныС ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ - Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:178 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:197 #, no-wrap msgid "advocacy efforts" msgstr "усилия ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:179 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "advocacy" msgstr "advocacy" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:181 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:200 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-advocacy" msgstr "freebsd-advocacy" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:182 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "Java Virtual Machine(TM) problems" msgstr "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ с Java Virtual Machine(TM)" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:183 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:202 #, no-wrap msgid "java" msgstr "java" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:185 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:393 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:204 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:402 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-java" msgstr "freebsd-java" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:186 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:205 #, no-wrap msgid "standards compliance" msgstr "соотвСтствиС стандартам" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:187 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:206 #, no-wrap msgid "standards" msgstr "standards" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:189 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:208 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-standards" msgstr "freebsd-standards" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:190 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:209 #, no-wrap msgid "threading libraries" msgstr "Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:191 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:210 #, no-wrap msgid "threads" msgstr "threads" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:193 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:212 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-threads" msgstr "freebsd-threads" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:194 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:213 #, no-wrap msgid "man:usb[4] subsystem" msgstr "подсистСма man:usb[4]" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:195 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:214 #, no-wrap msgid "usb" msgstr "usb" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:196 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:215 #, no-wrap msgid "freebsd-usb" msgstr "freebsd-usb" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:202 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:221 msgid "" "Do not be surprised to find that the submitter of the PR has assigned it to " "the wrong category. If you fix the category, do not forget to fix the " @@ -663,7 +718,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ.)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:205 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:224 msgid "" "Certain PRs may be reassigned away from these generic assignees by anyone. " "There are several types of assignees: specialized mailing lists; mail " @@ -675,7 +730,7 @@ msgstr "" "с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ интСрСсом) ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:208 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:227 msgid "" "For assignees which are mailing lists, please use the long form when making " "the assignment (e.g., `freebsd-foo` instead of `foo`); this will avoid " @@ -686,7 +741,7 @@ msgstr "" "дублирования писСм, отправляСмых Π² список рассылки." #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:212 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:231 msgid "" "Since the list of individuals who have volunteered to be the default " "assignee for certain types of PRs changes so often, it is much more suitable " @@ -698,625 +753,591 @@ msgstr "" "FreeBSD]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:215 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:234 msgid "Here is a sample list of such entities; it is probably not complete." msgstr "Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²; Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ." #. type: Block title -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:217 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:236 #, no-wrap msgid "Common Assignees - base system" msgstr "ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ отвСтствСнныС исполнитСли β€” базовая систСма" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:222 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:342 -#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:452 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:241 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:351 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.adoc:461 #, no-wrap msgid "Suggested Category" msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ катСгория" *** 1010 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:14:33 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYbGK5WMbz6Vc4S for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:14:33 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 244bd by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:14:33 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: c850d38b2a - main - update translation of articles/problem-reports to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: c850d38b2a1189a8250c41306d7f988c03999904 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:14:33 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69499.244bd.704ec6a6@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=c850d38b2a1189a8250c41306d7f988c03999904 commit c850d38b2a1189a8250c41306d7f988c03999904 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:14:21 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:14:21 +0000 update translation of articles/problem-reports to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55722 --- .../ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc | 79 ++- .../content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.po | 675 ++++++++++++--------- 2 files changed, 422 insertions(+), 332 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc index 9cb82aaa19..7e3414365a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc @@ -50,31 +50,36 @@ endif::[] toc::[] +[[pr-scope]] +== ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ + +Π˜Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ эта ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° написана для описания ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Bugzilla, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· систСму рСцСнзирования Phabricator ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD Π½Π° Github. + [[pr-intro]] == Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -Одной ΠΈΠ· самых Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, являСтся ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ вскорС закрываСтся с ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ объяснСниСм Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "это Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°" ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ "Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ PR". ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· самых Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, являСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ массы сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сообщСниями ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, Π° запросами Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π ΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ содСрТат ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ содСрТат Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ сути ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ способС Π΅Π΅ воспроизвСдСния. +Одной ΠΈΠ· самых Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, являСтся ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ вскорС закрываСтся с ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ объяснСниСм Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "это Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°" ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ "Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚". ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· самых Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, являСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ массы сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сообщСниями ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, Π° запросами Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ содСрТат ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ содСрТат Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ сути ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ способС Π΅Ρ‘ воспроизвСдСния. Π’ этом Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ дСлаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅, спроситС Π²Ρ‹, являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ сообщСниСм ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅? Ну, Ссли ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ прямо ΠΊ сути, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ сообщСниСм ΠΎΠ± ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ быстро ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡŽΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°. -Π₯отя Π² основном ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ фокусируСтся Π½Π° сообщСниях ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, большСй Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ. +Π₯отя Π² основном ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ фокусируСтся Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bagzilla, большСй Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ случаям. Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эта ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎ тСматичСскому ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡƒ, Π° Π½Π΅ хронологичСски, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‹Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ пошаговоС руководство. [[pr-when]] == Когда Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ -Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ классов ошибок, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ всС ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ появлСнию сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… людСй, ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ нашли ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, Π° Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ поняли синтаксис ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сдСлали ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ (хотя само ΠΏΠΎ сСбС это ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ошибок Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅). Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ случаСв, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° посылка сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ явно _Π½Π΅_ являСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ дСйствиСм, Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π °Π½ΠΈΡŽ вас ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². И Π½Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡΡ ошибкой - ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, запрос Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. +Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ классов ошибок, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ всС ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ появлСнию сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… людСй, ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ нашли ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, Π° Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ поняли синтаксис ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сдСлали ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ (хотя само ΠΏΠΎ сСбС это ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ошибок Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅). Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ случаСв, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° посылка сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ явно _Π½Π΅_ являСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ дСйствиСм, Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π °Π½ΠΈΡŽ вас ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². И Π½Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡΡ ошибкой - ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, запрос Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. -Но ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ являСтся ошибкой, Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚? ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, являСтся ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ - ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° _Π½Π΅_ являСтся ошибкой, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° формулируСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопрос (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ "Как ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ X?" ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ "Π“Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Y?"). НС всСгда это Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ вопроса ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ случаСв. Если Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свой вопрос Π² {freebsd-questions}. +Но ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ являСтся ошибкой, Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚? ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, являСтся ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ - ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° _Π½Π΅_ являСтся ошибкой, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° формулируСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопрос (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ "Как ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ X?" ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ "Π“Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Y?"). НС всСгда это Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ вопроса ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ случаСв. Если Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго сначала ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ https://forums.freebsd.org[Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD], Π² IRC ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² {freebsd-questions}. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ случаи, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ являСтся ошибкой: * Π£Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ поддСрТиваСтся сторонними Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Π² основном ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ сторонними организациями, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ BIND ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ GNU). -* Для Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (пСрСмСнная `MAINTAINER` содСрТит `ports@FreeBSD.org`), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ увСдомлСния ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ вас ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ для обновлСния ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°; прСдоставлСниС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вас попросят ΠΎΠ± этом сильно ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ ΡˆΠ°Π½ΡΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Ρ‘Π½ воврСмя. +* Для Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (пСрСмСнная `MAINTAINER` содСрТит `ports@FreeBSD.org`) ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° с исправлСниями Π΅Π΄Π²Π° Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ с запросом (Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с исправлСниСм ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ обязатСлСн). * Π’ любом случаС, слСдованиС процСссу, описанному Π² extref:{porters-handbook}upgrading[РуководствС ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] даст Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. (Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ΠΉ extref:{contributing}[Π’ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD, ports-contributing].) -Ошибка, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ нСльзя воспроизвСсти, вряд Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ исправлСна. Если ошибка Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΅Π΅ воспроизвСсти, ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ с Π½Π΅ΠΉ большС Π½Π΅ сталкивался, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… шансов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ смогут Π΅Π΅ воспроизвСсти ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ дСлаСтся Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ случаСтся, Π½ΠΎ это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ шансов Ρƒ вашСго сообщСния Π΄ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ стадии исправлСния ошибки ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹. Часто эти Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ ошибок Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Тёстких дисков, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ процСссоров. ВсСгда, ΠΊΠΎΠ ³Π΄Π° это Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ случаи ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ посылкой сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС. +Ошибка, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ нСльзя воспроизвСсти, вряд Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ исправлСна. Если ошибка Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ воспроизвСсти, ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ с Π½Π΅ΠΉ большС Π½Π΅ сталкивался, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… шансов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ смогут Π΅Ρ‘ воспроизвСсти ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ дСлаСтся Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ случаСтся, Π½ΠΎ это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ шансов Ρƒ вашСго сообщСния Π΄ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ стадии исправлСния ошибки ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹. Часто эти Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ ошибок Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Тёстких дисков, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ процСссоров. ВсСгда, ΠΊΠΎΠ ³Π΄Π° это Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ случаи ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ посылкой сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вашС сообщСниС ΠΎΠ± ошибкС, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, составляСтся ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… частСй: @@ -84,7 +89,7 @@ toc::[] Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° сущСствуСт. БущСствуСт всСго нСсколько Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° большС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ исправил. -Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ сначала ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» extref:{faq}[вСрсии FreeBSD, latest-version] ΠΈΠ· FAQ, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ‹ с Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Для FreeBSD Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, поэтому ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ старой вСрсии ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ посовСтуСт Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ вСрсии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ присутствуСт Π»ΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°. Команда ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/[список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вСрсий.]. +Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ сначала ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» extref:{handbook}cutting-edge[Руководства FreeBSD ΠΎ вСрсиях], Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ‹ с Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Для FreeBSD Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, поэтому ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ старой вСрсии ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ посовСтуСт Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ вСрсии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ присутствуСт Π»ΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°. Команда ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/security/#sup[список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вСрсий.]. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅, рассмотритС Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ± ошибкС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ исходного ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ всС ошибки Π²ΠΎ всём ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ обСспСчСнии. @@ -93,10 +98,12 @@ toc::[] НуТно ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρƒ всСгда сначала Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ исслСдования ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎ вашСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сообщСно; ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ обсуТдаСтся Π² списках рассылки; ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ исправлСна Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ мСста Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ вашС сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. Для FreeBSD это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚: -* Бписок extref:{faq}[Часто Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вопросов] (FAQ) ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD. FAQ содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ вопросов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопросы, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ extref:{faq}[совмСстимости оборудования, hardware], extref:{faq}[ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, applications] ΠΈ extref:{faq}[ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра, kernelconfig]. -* extref:{handbook}eresources/[Бписки рассылки, eresources-mail] β€” Ссли Π’Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ подписаны Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ…, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ https://www.FreeBSD.org/search/#mailinglists[поиском Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ…] Π½Π° сайтС FreeBSD. Если ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π² списках рассылки, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ Π½Π΅ смоТСт ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ. +* Π’ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ…, всСгда провСряйтС, Π½Π΅ описан Π»ΠΈ этот вопрос Π² extref:{handbook}[РуководствС]. +* Бписок extref:{faq}[Часто Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вопросов] (FAQ) ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD. FAQ содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° нСсколько вопросов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопросы, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ extref:{faq}[совмСстимости оборудования, hardware]. +* extref:{handbook}eresources/[Бписки рассылки, eresources-mail] β€” Ссли Π’Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ подписаны Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ…, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ https://www.FreeBSD.org/search/#mailinglists[поиском Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ…] Π½Π° сайтС FreeBSD. Если ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π² списках рассылки, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ β€” Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ. +* Как ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΡ‹ FreeBSD ΠΈ IRC. * Как Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚, вСсь Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ Π»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму для поиска ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ссылок ΠΏΠΎ вашСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ссылки Π½Π° Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ списков рассылки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ. -* Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[ Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR FreeBSD] (Bugzilla). Если Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠ°, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ шанс, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сообщСно. +* Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[ Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD Bugzilla]. Если Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠ°, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ шанс, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сообщСно. * И самоС Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ докумСнтация Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ. + Для основного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#/usr/src/UPDATING# ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/UPDATING[https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/UPDATING]. (Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ, особСнно Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ FreeBSD-CURRENT, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² этом Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ). @@ -106,21 +113,23 @@ toc::[] [[pr-writing]] == НаписаниС сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваш вопрос ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° FreeBSD, самоС врСмя Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ собствСнно сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (PR). ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ углубимся Π² частности использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ для создания ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ PR, Π²ΠΎΡ‚ нСсколько совСтов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ PR Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивным. +Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваш вопрос ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° FreeBSD, самоС врСмя Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ собствСнно сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (PR). ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ углубимся Π² частности использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ для создания ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ PR Π² Bugzilla, Π²ΠΎΡ‚ нСсколько совСтов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивным. [[pr-writing-tips]] -== Как ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… +== Как ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π² Bugzilla -* _НС оставляйтС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ "Summary" (ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ описаниС) пустым._ БообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² списки рассылки, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ расходятся ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ (Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ "Summary" опрСдСляСт Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡƒ письма), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ эту Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ PR с пустым ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΌ описаниСм. НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ PR остаСтся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ; сообщСниС-Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌ, скорСС всСго, просто потСряСтся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅. +* _НС оставляйтС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ "Summary" (ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ описаниС) пустым._ БообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² списки рассылки, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ расходятся ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ (Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ "Summary" опрСдСляСт Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡƒ письма), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ эту Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ PR с пустым ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΌ описаниСм. НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ PR остаётся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ; сообщСниС-Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌ, скорСС всСго, просто потСряСтся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅. * __Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… описаний Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ "Summary"__. НС стоит ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ вашС сообщСниС Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π΅Ρ‚ контСкстом; поэтому, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅. Π’ частности, ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ части систСмы относится ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°? ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° этапС установки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹? НапримСр, вмСсто строки `Summary: portupgrade is broken` слСдовало Π±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ `Summary: port ports-mgmt/portupgrade coredumps on -current`. Π’ случаС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ "Summary" ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ имя ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ. * _Если Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡, сообщитС ΠΎΠ± этом._ НаличиС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. -** НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова `patch` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `patch-ready` β€” ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ устарСли. -* _Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это._ Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚), ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ установитС Β«ClassΒ» вашСго PR Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `maintainer-update`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, любой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ваш PR, Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ это. +** НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова `patch` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `patch-ready` β€” ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ устарСли. ВмСсто этого ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°ΠΆΠΎΠΊ `[patch]`. Если Ρ„Π»Π°ΠΆΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ отобраТаСтся, Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `Show Advanced Fields` (ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ поля) Π² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠ³Π»Ρƒ. +** ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ с исправлСниями с MIME-Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ `text/plain`. +** ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, совмСстимыС с `git`. +* _Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это._ Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚), ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ установитС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ `maintainer-feedback` Π² вашСм сообщСнии ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² `+`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, любой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ваш PR, Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ это. * _Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ…._ Π§Π΅ΠΌ большС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ большС Ρƒ вас шансов ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚. ** Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ (для этого Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅, см. Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅), ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с CD-ROM ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ систСму, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Git (ΠΈ, Ссли Π΄Π°, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ…ΡΡˆ ΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ). Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ FreeBSD-CURRENT, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ исправлСния (особСнно для извСстных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ) часто Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ быстро, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ FreeBSD-CURRENT Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° обновлСниями. ** Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² [.filename]#make.conf#. На Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ: ОбъявлСниС ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΅ `-02` ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ…, описанных Π² man:gcc[1] Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ошибок. Π₯отя ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ТСлания ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ случаи ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° отсутствия Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ†Π΅Π², ΠΈ вмСсто этого ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ поддСрТиваСтся. -** Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ смог воспроизвСсти Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° проявляСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ возмоТности, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… вмСстС с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Если ΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… нСльзя Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… лишь нСбольшой Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, приводящий ΠΊ возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² PR. +** Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ смог воспроизвСсти Π΅Ρ‘ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° проявляСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ возмоТности, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… вмСстС с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Если ΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… нСльзя Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… лишь нСбольшой Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, приводящий ΠΊ возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² PR. ** Если ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° связана с ядром, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ (Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ всю, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΉΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ лишь Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, которая ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ мнСнию Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°): *** Π’Π°ΡˆΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ядра, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ устройства Ρƒ вас установлСны @@ -136,40 +145,44 @@ toc::[] *** Π˜ΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ окруТСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-установлСнныС Π² [.filename]#bsd.port.mk#, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ, `PORTSDIR`) *** ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ [.filename]#ports/UPDATING#, ΠΈ описана Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° (ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ спросит ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ) -* _Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… возмоТностях._ Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ такая-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° Π²Π΅Π»Π° сСбя Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ" ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° мСньшС шансов Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ сформулированный запрос. ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исходныС тСксты доступны всСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° рСализация ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ свойства, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ- Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ самому! НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² списках рассылки, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `freebsd-questions`, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это посрСдством Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR. -* _Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ описана._ ΠœΡ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± этом, Π½ΠΎ стоит ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π° составлСниС запросов ΠΊ Π±Π°Π·Π΅ PR: https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi]. (НСсмотря Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΎΠ± этом постоянно Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚) +* _Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… возмоТностях._ Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ такая-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° Π²Π΅Π»Π° сСбя Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ" ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° мСньшС шансов Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ сформулированный запрос. ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исходныС тСксты доступны всСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° рСализация ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ свойства, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ β€” Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ самому! НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² списках рассылки, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `freebsd-questions`, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это посрСдством Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR. +* _Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ описана._ ΠœΡ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± этом, Π½ΠΎ стоит ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π° составлСниС запросов Π² Bugzilla: https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi]. (НСсмотря Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΎΠ± этом постоянно Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚) * _Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ PR._ Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ описания Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ сообщСнии (ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ взаимосвязанныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹). ΠžΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мноТСство Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… возмоТностСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠΈ нСсколько ошибок Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ сообщСнии ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (ΠΎΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠ΅, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ взаимосвязанных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ) - для Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… PR-ΠΎΠ² потрСбуСтся Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ большС Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ. * _Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ._ Если вашС сообщСниС касаСтся области ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ способов Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ разногласия, Π²Π°ΠΌ стоит Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ внятныС Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ слСдуСт ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, это "ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠŸΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ"). Как ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Π°ΠΊΠΊΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ поиск ΠΏΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ списков рассылки https://www.FreeBSD.org/search/#mailinglists[https://www.FreeBSD.org/search/#mailinglists] Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚. -* _Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π΅ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹._ ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ вашим сообщСниСм, являСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ†Π΅ΠΌ. Никому Π½Π΅ понравятся указания, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ занимаСтся этим, Π΄Π° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ финансовых. Π’ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ говоря, этого ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, имСя Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ с Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ с ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ тСкстами (Open Source). +* _Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π΅ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹._ ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ вашим сообщСниСм, являСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ†Π΅ΠΌ. Никому Π½Π΅ понравятся указания, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ занимаСтся этим, Π΄Π° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ финансовых. Π’ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ говоря, этого ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, имСя Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ с Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ с ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ тСкстами (Open Source). [[pr-writing-before-beginning]] == ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго -АналогичныС сообраТСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊ использованию https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi[Π²Π΅Π±-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ PR]. Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ остороТны с опСрациями копирования ΠΈ вставки, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ тСкста. +Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ сообраТСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊ использованию https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi[Π²Π΅Π±-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ Bugzilla для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ PR]. Π‘ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ остороТны с опСрациями копирования ΠΈ вставки, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ тСкста. И Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ†, Ссли вашС сообщСниС Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² offline, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π² случаС, Ссли Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅. [[pr-writing-attaching-patches]] == Π’Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² -Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `git format-patch` для создания ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сСрии ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… diff-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `origin/main`). ΠŸΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, созданныС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π΅ΡˆΠΈ Git, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ вашС имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ упростит ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вашСго ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вас ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° (с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `git am`). Для Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ git, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ man:diff[1] с ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ `-u` для создания ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ diff-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это даст Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π±ΠΎ льшС контСкста ΠΈ сдСлаСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ diff. +Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ инструкции ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Bugzilla, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Phabricator ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD Π½Π° Github (Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ»-рСквСстов). + +Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `git format-patch` для создания ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сСрии ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… diff-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `origin/main`). ΠŸΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, созданныС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π΅ΡˆΠΈ Git, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ вашС имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ упростит ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вашСго ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вас ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° (с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `git am`). Для Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ git, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ man:diff[1] с ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ `-u` для создания ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ diff-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это даст Ρ€Π°Π· Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ большС контСкста ΠΈ сдСлаСт Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ diff. Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваши ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ созданы ΠΎΡ‚ корня ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° рСпозитория. Для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ с ядром ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ для FreeBSD-CURRENT (основной Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Git), ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ вСсь Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ сначала ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ. ПослС провСдСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ достаточных тСстов ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‘Π½/пСрСнСсён Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ FreeBSD-STABLE. -Если Π²Ρ‹ вставляСтС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎ сообщСния, ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ табуляции сСриСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠΈΡ‚, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° сборки (Makefile). +ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ с исправлСниями ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. Однако, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ вставляСтС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎ сообщСния, ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ табуляции сСриСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠΈΡ‚, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° сборки (Makefile). -НС отсылайтС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ `Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ экранированиС (escaping) символов ΠΈ вСсь ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ бСсполСзным. +НС отсылайтС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ `Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ экранированиС (escaping) символов ΠΈ вСсь ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ бСсполСзным. ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, просто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ MIME `text/plain'. -Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ Π² сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, Π² особСнности Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π² сообщСнии, большиС ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, Π° Π² особСнности Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ просмотра ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ внСсСн Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ исходных тСкстов, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° web- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ftp-сСрвСрС, Π° Π² сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Ρ‘Π½ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ URL ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° этот ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ часто ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, пСрСсылаСмыС ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅, Π° Π² особСнности Ссли задСйствована GNATS, Π ±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ искаТСны, ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слСдствиС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ большС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ для заинтСрСсованных людСй привСсти Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Ρ‘Π½ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ отсылая ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. И Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ†, большиС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ просто ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π° ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `closed`. +Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ Π² запросах Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (pull request) Github являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, Π² особСнности Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π² запросС Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, большиС ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, Π° Π² особСнности Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ просмотра ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ внСсён Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ исходных тСкстов, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° web- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ftp-сСрвСрС, Π° Π² запрос Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Ρ‘Π½ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ URL ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° этот ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ часто ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, пСрСсылаСмыС ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅, Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ искаТСны, ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слСдствиС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ большС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ для заинтСрСсованных людСй привСсти Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Ρ‘Π½ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ отсылая ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. И Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ†, большиС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ просто ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π° ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `closed`. -Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ явно Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² вашСм сообщСнии ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² самих ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π°Ρ…, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ условия лицСнзирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. +Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ явно Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² вашСм запросС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² самих ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π°Ρ…, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ условия лицСнзирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. [[pr-writing-filling-template]] -== Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ шаблона +== Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ Bugzilla + +Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ инструкции ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Bugzilla. [NOTE] ==== -Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ станСт общСдоступной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ спамСрам. Π£ вас Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ спама ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚. Однако ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚, ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ смоТСм Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΌ вопросы ΠΎ вашСм PR. +Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ станСт общСдоступной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ спамСрам. Π£ вас Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ спама ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚. Однако ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚, ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ смоТСм Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΌ вопросы ΠΎ вашСм сообщСнии. ==== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ поля: @@ -197,7 +210,7 @@ toc::[] ** Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ `kern`, Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ врСмя ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ с подсистСмой USB, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ `usb`. ** Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ `kern` ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ…, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ `threads`. ** Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΈ касаСтся соблюдСния стандартов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ POSIX(R), ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ `standards`. -** Если Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ процСссора, Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-зависимых ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ `i386` для Intel-совмСстимых машин Π² 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅; `amd64` для машин AMD, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² 64-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ (это Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Intel-совмСстимыС ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ EMT64); ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ `arm` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `powerpc`. +** Если Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ процСссора, Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-зависимых ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ `i386` для Intel-совмСстимых машин Π² 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅; `amd64` для машин AMD, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² 64-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ (это Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Intel-совмСстимыС ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ EMT64); ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ `arm`, `powerpc` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `riscv64`. + [NOTE] ==== @@ -213,18 +226,18 @@ toc::[] .НСкоррСктноС использованиС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, зависящСй ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ [example] ==== -Если Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° распространённой шинС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ТСстким диском: Π² этом случаС Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, ΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ `kern`. +Если Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° распространённой шинС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Тёстким диском: Π² этом случаС Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, ΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ `kern`. ==== -** Если Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π² Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΌ каТСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ описаниС Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…), ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ `misc`. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ PR, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π² {freebsd-questions}. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΌ подскаТут, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ слСдуСт Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. +** Если Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π² Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΌ каТСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ описаниС Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…), ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ `misc`. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Π°ΠΌ подскаТут, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ слСдуСт Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. * _Environment:_ Оно Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ максимально Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ встрСчаСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°. Бюда Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ вСрсия ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, вСрсия ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, содСрТащСго ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈ любая другая информация, такая, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ конфигурация систСмы, Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ влияСт Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅-просто всС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для создания условий появлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. * _ОписаниС:_ ПолноС ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, Ссли Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² своСй ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ввСсти Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π·Π°Π±Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ привСсти ΠΊ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ. Π’ описании Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ дСйствия, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ для воспроизвСдСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Если Π²Π°ΠΌ извСстСн ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ людям с Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ возникновСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. [[pr-followup]] == ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вашС сообщСниС Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ принято, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ для отслСТивания, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ URL, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ состояния. Π’ случаС ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ проявит интСрСс ΠΊ вашСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ попытаСтся Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ это Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Π’Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ автоматичСски ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎ любом ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ состояния ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ всСх ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² процСссС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ вашСго сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. +ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вашС сообщСниС Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ принято, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ для отслСТивания, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ URL, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ состояния. Π’ случаС ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ проявит интСрСс ΠΊ вашСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ попытаСтся Π΅Ρ‘ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ это Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Π’Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ автоматичСски ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎ любом ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ состояния ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ всСх ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² процСссС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ вашСго сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. -Если ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ запросит Ρƒ вас Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ вспомнитС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ упомянули Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅, поТалуйста, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Основная ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ошибка Π½Π΅ исправляСтся, β€” это отсутствиС связи с Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅ всСго Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ коммСнтария Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π±-страницС ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ PR, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ с https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[страницы поиска PR]. +Если ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ запросит Ρƒ вас Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ вспомнитС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ упомянули Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅, поТалуйста, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Основная ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ошибка Π½Π΅ исправляСтся, β€” это отсутствиС связи с Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅ всСго Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ коммСнтария Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π±-страницС Bugzilla ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ PR, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ с https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[страницы поиска PR Bugzilla]. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° исчСзла, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ остаётся ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ, просто Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ с ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ возмоТности, ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° устранСна. @@ -249,4 +262,4 @@ toc::[] Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ список ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСсурсов, относящихся ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ написанию ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…. Он, Π±Π΅Π· сомнСния, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½. * https://github.com/smileytechguy/reporting-bugs-effectively/blob/master/ENGLISH.md[How to Report Bugs Effectively]-прСкрасноС эссС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ написал Simon G. Tatham ΠΎ составлСнии ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (Π½Π΅ спСцифичных для FreeBSD) сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…. -* extref:{pr-guidelines}[Problem Report Handling Guidelines]-интСрСсный взгляд Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… самими Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ FreeBSD. +* extref:{pr-guidelines}[Руководство ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…] β€” интСрСсный взгляд Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… самими Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ FreeBSD. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.po index a275b35bec..790a57fedf 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/problem-reports/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-09-09 18:13-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-20 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -53,33 +53,51 @@ msgstr "'''" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:52 #, no-wrap +msgid "Scope of this article" +msgstr "ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:55 +msgid "" +"This article was originally written to cover Problem Report submissions via " +"Bugzilla, but parts will also apply to submitting via Phabricator review " +"system or the FreeBSD Github organization." +msgstr "" +"Π˜Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ эта ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° написана для описания ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Bugzilla, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " +"ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· систСму рСцСнзирования Phabricator ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ " +"FreeBSD Π½Π° Github." + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:57 +#, no-wrap msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:56 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:61 msgid "" "One of the most frustrating experiences one can have as a software user is " "to submit a problem report only to have it summarily closed with a terse and " -"unhelpful explanation like \"not a bug\" or \"bogus PR\". Similarly, one of " -"the most frustrating experiences as a software developer is to be flooded " -"with problem reports that are not really problem reports but requests for " -"support, or that contain little or no information about what the problem is " -"and how to reproduce it." +"unhelpful explanation like \"not a bug\" or \"bogus report\". Similarly, " +"one of the most frustrating experiences as a software developer is to be " +"flooded with problem reports that are not really problem reports but " +"requests for support, or that contain little or no information about what " +"the problem is and how to reproduce it." msgstr "" "Одной ΠΈΠ· самых Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, являСтся ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° сообщСния ΠΎ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ вскорС закрываСтся с ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ " -"объяснСниСм Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° \"это Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°\" ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ \"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ PR\". ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ " +"объяснСниСм Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° \"это Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°\" ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ \"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚\". ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· самых Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² " "качСствС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, являСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ массы " "сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сообщСниями ΠΎ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, Π° запросами Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ содСрТат ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " -"Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ содСрТат Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ сути ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ способС Π΅Π΅ " +"Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ содСрТат Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ сути ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ способС Π΅Ρ‘ " "воспроизвСдСния." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:59 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:64 msgid "" "This document attempts to describe how to write good problem reports. What, " "one asks, is a good problem report? Well, to go straight to the bottom line, " @@ -93,16 +111,17 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡŽΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:61 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:66 msgid "" -"Although the primary focus of this article is on FreeBSD problem reports, " -"most of it should apply quite well to other software projects." +"Although the primary focus of this article is on submitting FreeBSD problem " +"reports via Bugzilla, most of it should apply quite well in other cases." msgstr "" -"Π₯отя Π² основном ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ фокусируСтся Π½Π° сообщСниях ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, " -"большСй Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ." +"Π₯отя Π² основном ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ фокусируСтся Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π²ΠΎ " +"FreeBSD с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Bagzilla, большСй Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ " +"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ случаям." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:64 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:69 msgid "" "Note that this article is organized thematically, not chronologically. Read " "the entire document before submitting a problem report, rather than treating " @@ -114,13 +133,13 @@ msgstr "" "руководство." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:66 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "When to Submit a Problem Report" msgstr "Когда Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:72 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:77 msgid "" "There are many types of problems, and not all of them should engender a " "problem report. Of course, nobody is perfect, and there will be times when " @@ -139,7 +158,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ нашли ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, Π° Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ " "Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ поняли синтаксис ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сдСлали ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ (хотя само ΠΏΠΎ сСбС это ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " -"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ошибок Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅). Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " +"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ошибок Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅). Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " "случаСв, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° посылка сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ явно _Π½Π΅_ являСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ " "дСйствиСм, Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ вас ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². И " "Π½Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ " @@ -147,33 +166,35 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:76 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:81 msgid "" "So how does one determine what is a bug and what is not? As a simple rule of " "thumb, the problem is _not_ a bug if it can be expressed as a question " "(usually of the form \"How do I do X?\" or \"Where can I find Y?\"). It is " "not always quite so black and white, but the question rule covers a large " -"majority of cases. When looking for an answer, consider posing the question " -"to the {freebsd-questions}." +"majority of cases. When looking for an answer, consider first consulting " +"the https://forums.freebsd.org[FreeBSD Forums], IRC, or the {freebsd-" +"questions}." msgstr "" "Но ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ являСтся ошибкой, Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚? ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, являСтся ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ - ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° _Π½Π΅_ являСтся " "ошибкой, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° формулируСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопрос (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ \"Как ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ X?\"" " ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ \"Π“Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Y?\"). НС всСгда это Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ " "вопроса ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ случаСв. Если Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго " -"Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свой вопрос Π² {freebsd-questions}." +"сначала ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ https://forums.freebsd.org[Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ… FreeBSD], " +"Π² IRC ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² {freebsd-questions}." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:78 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:83 msgid "" -"Consider these factors when submitting PRs about ports or other software " +"Consider these factors when submitting reports about ports or other software " "that is not part of FreeBSD itself:" msgstr "" "Π’ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ случаи, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС " "ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ являСтся ошибкой:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:80 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:85 msgid "" "Please do not submit problem reports that simply state that a newer version " "of an application is available. Ports maintainers are automatically notified " @@ -186,34 +207,34 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ GNU)." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:81 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:86 msgid "" -"For unmaintained ports (`MAINTAINER` is `ports@FreeBSD.org`), a PR without " -"an included patch is unlikely to get picked up by a committer. To become the " -"maintainer of an unmaintained port, submit a PR with the request (patch " -"preferred but not required)." +"For unmaintained ports (`MAINTAINER` is `ports@FreeBSD.org`), a report " +"without an included patch is unlikely to get picked up by a committer. To " +"become the maintainer of an unmaintained port, submit a report with the " +"request (patch preferred but not required)." msgstr "" "Для Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (пСрСмСнная `MAINTAINER` содСрТит " -"`ports@FreeBSD.org`), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ увСдомлСния ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ " -"Π·Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ вас ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ для " -"обновлСния ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°; прСдоставлСниС ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вас попросят ΠΎΠ± этом " -"сильно ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ ΡˆΠ°Π½ΡΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Ρ‘Π½ воврСмя." +"`ports@FreeBSD.org`) ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° с исправлСниями " +"Π΅Π΄Π²Π° Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, Ρƒ " +"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ с запросом (Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с " +"исправлСниСм ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ обязатСлСн)." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:82 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:87 msgid "" "In either case, following the process described in extref:{porters-handbook}" "upgrading/[Porter's Handbook] will yield the best results. (You might also " "wish to read extref:{contributing}[Contributing to the FreeBSD Ports " "Collection, ports-contributing].)" msgstr "" -"Π’ любом случаС, слСдованиС процСссу, описанному Π² extref:{porters-" -"handbook}upgrading[РуководствС ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] даст Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ " -"Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. (Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ΠΉ extref:{contributing}[Π’ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ " -"Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD, ports-contributing].)" +"Π’ любом случаС, слСдованиС процСссу, описанному Π² extref:{porters-handbook}" +"upgrading[РуководствС ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] даст Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. (Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ " +"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ΠΉ extref:{contributing}[Π’ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² " +"FreeBSD, ports-contributing].)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:87 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:92 msgid "" "A bug that cannot be reproduced can rarely be fixed. If the bug only " "occurred once and you cannot reproduce it, and it does not seem to happen to " @@ -223,11 +244,11 @@ msgid "" "fix are very slim. To make matters worse, often these kinds of bugs are " "actually caused by failing hard drives or overheating processorsβ€”you should " "always try to rule out these causes, whenever possible, before submitting a " -"PR." +"report." msgstr "" "Ошибка, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ нСльзя воспроизвСсти, вряд Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ исправлСна. Если ошибка " -"Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΅Π΅ воспроизвСсти, ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ с " -"Π½Π΅ΠΉ большС Π½Π΅ сталкивался, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… шансов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ смогут Π΅Π΅ " +"Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ воспроизвСсти, ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ с " +"Π½Π΅ΠΉ большС Π½Π΅ сталкивался, Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… шансов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ смогут Π΅Ρ‘ " "воспроизвСсти ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ дСлаСтся Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ случаСтся, Π½ΠΎ это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ шансов Ρƒ вашСго сообщСния Π΄ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ " "ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ стадии исправлСния ошибки ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹. Часто эти Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ ошибок " @@ -236,7 +257,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ посылкой сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:89 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:94 msgid "" "Next, to decide to whom you should file your problem report, you need to " "understand that the software that makes up FreeBSD is composed of several " @@ -247,7 +268,7 @@ msgstr "" "составляСтся ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… частСй:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:91 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:96 msgid "" "Code in the base system that is written and maintained by FreeBSD " "contributors, such as the kernel, the C library, and the device drivers " @@ -262,7 +283,7 @@ msgstr "" "сообщСны Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ FreeBSD." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:92 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:97 msgid "" "Code in the base system that is written and maintained by others, and " "imported into FreeBSD and adapted. Examples include man:clang[1], and man:" @@ -271,15 +292,15 @@ msgid "" "authors instead if the problems are not FreeBSD-specific." msgstr "" "Код Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ поддСрТиваСтся Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ, " -"импортируСтся Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΈ адаптируСтся. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя: bind, " -"man:gcc[1] ΠΈ man:sendmail[8]. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ошибок, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " -"области Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСны Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ FreeBSD, Π½ΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях " -"ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Ссли ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ " -"ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ спСцифичными для FreeBSD. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ошибки Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ " -"ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ `bin` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `gnu`." +"импортируСтся Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΈ адаптируСтся. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя: bind, man:" +"gcc[1] ΠΈ man:sendmail[8]. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ошибок, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ области " +"Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСны Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ FreeBSD, Π½ΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ " +"Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Ссли ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " +"спСцифичными для FreeBSD. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ошибки Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ " +"`bin` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `gnu`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:93 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:98 msgid "" "Individual applications that are not in the base system but are instead part " "of the FreeBSD Ports Collection (category `ports`). Most of these " @@ -297,7 +318,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:96 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:101 msgid "" "Then, ascertain whether the problem is timely. There are few things that " "will annoy a developer more than receiving a problem report about a bug she " @@ -308,28 +329,28 @@ msgstr "" "сообщСния ΠΎΠ± ошибкС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ исправил." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:100 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:105 msgid "" -"If the problem is in the base system, first read the FAQ section on extref:" -"{faq}[FreeBSD versions, latest-version], if you are not already familiar " +"If the problem is in the base system, first read the extref:{handbook}/" +"cutting-edge/[Handbook section on Versions], if you are not already familiar " "with the topic. It is not possible for FreeBSD to fix problems in anything " "other than certain recent branches of the base system, so filing a bug " "report about an older version will probably only result in a developer " "advising you to upgrade to a supported version to see if the problem still " "recurs. The Security Officer team maintains the link:https://www.FreeBSD." -"org/security/[list of supported versions]." +"org/security/#sup[list of supported versions]." msgstr "" "Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ сначала ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» " -"extref:{faq}[вСрсии FreeBSD, latest-version] ΠΈΠ· FAQ, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ‹ " -"с Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Для FreeBSD Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для " +"extref:{handbook}cutting-edge[Руководства FreeBSD ΠΎ вСрсиях], Ссли Π²Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ " +"Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ‹ с Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Для FreeBSD Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для " "Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, поэтому ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° сообщСния ΠΎΠ± " "ошибкС для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ старой вСрсии ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ посовСтуСт " "Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ вСрсии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ присутствуСт Π»ΠΈ Π² " "Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°. Команда ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ link:https://www." -"FreeBSD.org/security/[список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вСрсий.]." +"FreeBSD.org/ru/security/#sup[список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вСрсий.]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:103 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:108 msgid "" "If the problem is in a port, consider filing a bug with the upstream. The " "FreeBSD Project can not fix all bugs in all software." @@ -339,13 +360,13 @@ msgstr "" "ошибки Π²ΠΎ всём ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ обСспСчСнии." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:105 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "Preparations" msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:111 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:116 msgid "" "A good rule to follow is to always do a background search before submitting " "a problem report. Maybe the problem has already been reported; maybe it is " @@ -362,22 +383,27 @@ msgstr "" "мСста Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ вашС сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. Для FreeBSD это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚:" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:113 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:118 +msgid "" +"First, always check to see if the problem is covered in extref:{handbook}" +"[Handbook]." +msgstr "" +"Π’ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ…, всСгда провСряйтС, Π½Π΅ описан Π»ΠΈ этот вопрос Π² " +"extref:{handbook}[РуководствС]." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:119 msgid "" "The FreeBSD extref:{faq}[Frequently Asked Questions] (FAQ) list. The FAQ " -"attempts to provide answers for a wide range of questions, such as those " -"concerning extref:{faq}[hardware compatibility, hardware], extref:{faq}[user " -"applications, applications], and extref:{faq}[kernel configuration, " -"kernelconfig]." +"attempts to provide answers for several questions, such as those concerning " +"extref:{faq}[hardware compatibility, hardware]." msgstr "" "Бписок extref:{faq}[Часто Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… вопросов] (FAQ) ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD. FAQ " -"содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ вопросов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопросы, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ " -"extref:{faq}[совмСстимости оборудования, hardware], extref:{faq}[" -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, applications] ΠΈ extref:{faq}[ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра, " -"kernelconfig]." +"содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° нСсколько вопросов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вопросы, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ " +"extref:{faq}[совмСстимости оборудования, hardware]." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:114 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:120 msgid "" "The extref:{handbook}eresources/[mailing lists, eresources-mail]. If you are " "not subscribed, use https://www.FreeBSD.org/search/#mailinglists[the " @@ -389,11 +415,16 @@ msgstr "" "подписаны Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ…, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ https://www.FreeBSD.org/search/" "#mailinglists[поиском Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ…] Π½Π° сайтС FreeBSD. Если ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ " "ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π² списках рассылки, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС " -"ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ Π½Π΅ смоТСт ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " -"Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ." +"ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ β€” Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ " +"ΡƒΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:121 +msgid "As noted above, the FreeBSD Forums and IRC." +msgstr "Как ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΡ‹ FreeBSD ΠΈ IRC." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:115 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:122 msgid "" "Optionally, the entire web-use your favorite search engine to locate any " "references to the problem. You may even get hits from archived mailing lists " @@ -405,18 +436,18 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:116 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:123 msgid "" -"Next, the searchable https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[FreeBSD PR " -"database] (Bugzilla). Unless the problem is recent or obscure, there is a " -"fair chance it has already been reported." +"Next, the searchable https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[FreeBSD " +"Bugzilla database]. Unless the problem is recent or obscure, there is a fair " +"chance it has already been reported." msgstr "" "Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/query.cgi[ " -"Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR FreeBSD] (Bugzilla). Если Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " -"Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠ°, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ шанс, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сообщСно." +"Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD Bugzilla]. Если Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠ°, " +"Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ шанс, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сообщСно." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:117 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:124 msgid "" "Most importantly, attempt to see if existing documentation in the source " "base addresses your problem." @@ -425,7 +456,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:120 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:127 msgid "" "For the base FreeBSD code, you should carefully study the contents of [." "filename]#/usr/src/UPDATING# on your system or the latest version at https://" @@ -435,12 +466,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Для основного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [." "filename]#/usr/src/UPDATING# ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу https://cgit." -"freebsd.org/src/tree/UPDATING[https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/UPDATING]. (" -"Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ, особСнно Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ " +"freebsd.org/src/tree/UPDATING[https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/UPDATING]. " +"(Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ, особСнно Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ " "Π΄ΠΎ FreeBSD-CURRENT, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² этом Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ)." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:123 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:130 msgid "" "However, if the problem is in something that was installed as a part of the " "FreeBSD Ports Collection, you should refer to [.filename]#/usr/ports/" @@ -459,52 +490,52 @@ msgstr "" "freebsd.org/ports/tree/CHANGES] ." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:125 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "Writing the Problem Report" msgstr "НаписаниС сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:129 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:136 msgid "" "Now that you have decided that your issue merits a problem report, and that " "it is a FreeBSD problem, it is time to write the actual problem report. " "Before we get into the mechanics of the program used to generate and submit " -"PRs, here are some tips and tricks to help make sure that your PR will be " -"most effective." +"Bugzilla PRs, here are some tips and tricks to help make sure that your " +"report will be most effective." msgstr "" "Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваш вопрос ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ " "сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° FreeBSD, самоС врСмя Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "собствСнно сообщСниС ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ (PR). ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ углубимся Π² частности " -"использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ для создания ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ PR, Π²ΠΎΡ‚ нСсколько совСтов, " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ PR Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивным." +"использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ для создания ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ PR Π² Bugzilla, Π²ΠΎΡ‚ нСсколько " +"совСтов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сообщСниС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивным." #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:131 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:138 #, no-wrap -msgid "Tips and Tricks for Writing a Good Problem Report" -msgstr "Как ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ…" +msgid "Tips and Tricks for Writing a Good Problem Report With Bugzilla" +msgstr "Как ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ сообщСния ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π² Bugzilla" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:134 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:141 msgid "" -"_Do not leave the \"Summary\" line empty._ The PRs go both onto a mailing " -"list that goes all over the world (where the \"Summary\" is used for the " -"`Subject:` line), but also into a database. Anyone who comes along later and " -"browses the database by synopsis, and finds a PR with a blank subject line, " -"tends just to skip over it. Remember that PRs stay in this database until " -"they are closed by someone; an anonymous one will usually just disappear in " -"the noise." +"_Do not leave the \"Summary\" line empty._ The reports go both onto a " +"mailing list that goes all over the world (where the \"Summary\" is used for " +"the `Subject:` line), but also into a database. Anyone who comes along later " +"and browses the database by synopsis, and finds a PR with a blank subject " +"line, tends just to skip over it. Remember that PRs stay in this database " +"until they are closed by someone; an anonymous one will usually just " +"disappear in the noise." msgstr "" "_НС оставляйтС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ \"Summary\" (ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ описаниС) пустым._ БообщСния ΠΎ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² списки рассылки, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ расходятся ΠΏΠΎ всСму " "ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ (Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ \"Summary\" опрСдСляСт Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡƒ письма), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. " "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ эту Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ PR с пустым ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΌ " -"описаниСм. НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ PR остаСтся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π½Π΅ " +"описаниСм. НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ PR остаётся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π½Π΅ " "Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ; сообщСниС-Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌ, скорСС всСго, просто потСряСтся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:135 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:142 msgid "" "_Avoid using a weak \"Summary\" line._ You should not assume that anyone " "reading your PR has any context for your submission, so the more you " @@ -520,12 +551,12 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅. Π’ частности, ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ части систСмы относится " "ваша ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°? ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° этапС установки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹? НапримСр, вмСсто строки `Summary: portupgrade is broken` слСдовало " -"Π±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ `Summary: port ports-mgmt/portupgrade coredumps on " -"-current`. Π’ случаС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ \"Summary\" ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ " +"Π±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ `Summary: port ports-mgmt/portupgrade coredumps on -" +"current`. Π’ случаС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ \"Summary\" ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ " "ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ имя ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:137 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:144 msgid "" "_If you have a patch, say so._ The presence of a patch makes it much easier " "to progress a report." @@ -534,25 +565,43 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:138 -msgid "Do not use the `patch` or `patch-ready` keywords – they are deprecated." -msgstr "НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова `patch` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `patch-ready` β€” ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ устарСли." +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:145 +msgid "" +"Do not use the `patch` or `patch-ready` keywords – they are deprecated. " +"Instead, include your patch as an Attachment, and click the `[patch]` " +"checkbox. If you do not see the checkbox, click `Show Advanced Fields` in " +"the upper left corner." +msgstr "" +"НС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова `patch` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `patch-ready` β€” ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ устарСли. " +"ВмСсто этого ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°ΠΆΠΎΠΊ `[patch]`. Если " +"Ρ„Π»Π°ΠΆΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ отобраТаСтся, Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `Show Advanced Fields` (ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " +"поля) Π² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠ³Π»Ρƒ." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:146 +msgid "Patches with MIME type `text/plain` are preferred." +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ с исправлСниями с MIME-Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ `text/plain`." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:139 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:147 +msgid "Patches compatible with `git` are preferred." +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, совмСстимыС с `git`." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:148 msgid "" -"_If you are a maintainer, say so._ If you are maintaining a part of the " -"source code (for instance, an existing port), you definitely should set the " -"\"Class\" of your PR to `maintainer-update`. This way any committer that " +"_If you are a ports maintainer, say so._ If you are maintaining a part of " +"the source code (for instance, an existing port), you definitely should set " +"the `maintainer-feedback?` of your PR to `+`. This way any committer that " "handles your PR will not have to check." msgstr "" -"_Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это._ Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " -"исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚), ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ установитС Β«ClassΒ» " -"вашСго PR Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `maintainer-update`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, любой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, " -"ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ваш PR, Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ это." +"_Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это._ Если Π²Ρ‹ сопровоТдаСтС Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " +"исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚), ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ установитС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ " +"`maintainer-feedback` Π² вашСм сообщСнии ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² `+`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, " +"любой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ваш PR, Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ это." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:140 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:149 msgid "" "_Be specific._ The more information you supply about what problem you are " "having, the better your chance of getting a response." @@ -561,7 +610,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ большС Ρƒ вас шансов ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:142 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:151 msgid "" "Include the version of FreeBSD you are running (there is a place to put " "that, see below) and on which architecture. You should include whether you " @@ -581,7 +630,7 @@ msgstr "" "обновлСниями." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:143 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:152 msgid "" "Include which global options you have specified in your [.filename]#make." "conf#, [.filename]#src.conf#, and [.filename]#src-env.conf#. Given the " @@ -595,7 +644,7 @@ msgstr "" "этого ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ поддСрТиваСтся." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:144 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:153 msgid "" "If the problem can be reproduced easily, include information that will help " "a developer to reproduce it themselves. If a problem can be demonstrated " @@ -605,14 +654,14 @@ msgid "" "the same issue and that can be included within the PR." msgstr "" "Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " -"Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ смог воспроизвСсти Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° проявляСтся " +"Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ смог воспроизвСсти Π΅Ρ‘ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° проявляСтся " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ возмоТности, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… вмСстС с " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Если ΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… " "нСльзя Ρ€Π°Π·Π³Π»Π°ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… лишь нСбольшой Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, " "приводящий ΠΊ возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² PR." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:145 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:154 msgid "" "If this is a kernel problem, then be prepared to supply the following " "information. (You do not have to include these by default, which only tends " @@ -625,14 +674,14 @@ msgstr "" "мнСнию Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°):" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:147 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:156 msgid "" "your kernel configuration (including which hardware devices you have " "installed)" msgstr "Π’Π°ΡˆΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ядра, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ устройства Ρƒ вас установлСны" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:148 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:157 msgid "" "whether or not you have debugging options enabled (such as `WITNESS`), and " "if so, whether the problem persists when you change the sense of that option" @@ -641,7 +690,7 @@ msgstr "" "сущСствуСт Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° послС измСнСния значСния этой ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:149 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:158 msgid "" "the full text of any backtrace, panic or other console output, or entries in " "[.filename]#/var/log/messages#, if any were generated" @@ -651,7 +700,7 @@ msgstr "" "сгСнСрированы" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:150 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:159 msgid "" "the output of `pciconf -l` and relevant parts of your `dmesg` output if your " "problem relates to a specific piece of hardware" @@ -660,7 +709,7 @@ msgstr "" "случаС, Ссли ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° связана с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:151 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:160 msgid "" "the fact that you have read [.filename]#src/UPDATING# and that your problem " "is not listed there (someone is guaranteed to ask)" @@ -669,7 +718,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ спросит ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:152 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:161 msgid "" "whether or not you can run any other kernel as a fallback (this is to rule " "out hardware-related issues such as failing disks and overheating CPUs, " @@ -680,7 +729,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ядра)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:154 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:163 msgid "" "If this is a ports problem, then be prepared to supply the following " "information. (You do not have to include these by default, which only tends " @@ -693,12 +742,12 @@ msgstr "" "мнСнию Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°):" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:156 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:165 msgid "which ports you have installed" msgstr "КакиС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ устанавливали" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:157 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:166 msgid "" "any environment variables that override the defaults in [.filename]#bsd.port." "mk#, such as `PORTSDIR`" @@ -708,7 +757,7 @@ msgstr "" "`PORTSDIR`)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:158 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:167 msgid "" "the fact that you have read [.filename]#ports/UPDATING# and that your " "problem is not listed there (someone is guaranteed to ask)" @@ -717,41 +766,41 @@ msgstr "" "(ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒ спросит ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:160 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:169 msgid "" -"_Avoid vague requests for features._ PRs of the form \"someone should really " -"implement something that does so-and-so\" are less likely to get results " -"than very specific requests. Remember, the source is available to everyone, " -"so if you want a feature, the best way to ensure it being included is to get " -"to work! Also consider the fact that many things like this would make a " -"better topic for discussion on `freebsd-questions` than an entry in the PR " -"database, as discussed above." +"_Avoid vague requests for features._ Problem Reports of the form \"someone " +"should really implement something that does so-and-so\" are less likely to " +"get results than very specific requests. Remember, the source is available " +"to everyone, so if you want a feature, the best way to ensure it being " +"included is to get to work! Also consider the fact that many things like " +"this would make a better topic for discussion on `freebsd-questions` than an " +"entry in the PR database, as discussed above." msgstr "" "_Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… возмоТностях._ Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° \"ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ " "ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ такая-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° Π²Π΅Π»Π° сСбя Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ-Ρ‚ΠΎ\" " "ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° мСньшС шансов Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ " "сформулированный запрос. ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ исходныС тСксты доступны всСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " -"Ссли Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° рСализация ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ свойства, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ- Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ " +"Ссли Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° рСализация ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ свойства, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ β€” Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ " "Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ самому! НС Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² " "списках рассылки, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `freebsd-questions`, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это посрСдством " "Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:161 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/problem-reports/_index.adoc:170 msgid "" "_Make sure no one else has already submitted a similar PR._ Although this " "has already been mentioned above, it bears repeating here. 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:17:19 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 8ce37e50a2 - main - update translation of books/developers-handbook to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 8ce37e50a2190f9346681166a2deb7be6dfc2ca2 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:17:19 +0000 Message-Id: <69b6953f.24de6.c5f073b@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=8ce37e50a2190f9346681166a2deb7be6dfc2ca2 commit 8ce37e50a2190f9346681166a2deb7be6dfc2ca2 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:17:08 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:17:08 +0000 update translation of books/developers-handbook to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55582 --- .../content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.po | 2 +- .../developers-handbook/introduction/_index.po | 4 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc | 22 +-- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.po | 49 +++---- .../developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.po | 8 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.po | 4 +- .../books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.po | 28 ++-- .../books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.po | 10 +- .../books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc | 28 ++-- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.po | 155 ++++++++++----------- .../books/developers-handbook/testing/_index.adoc | 12 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/testing/_index.po | 20 +-- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/tools/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/tools/_index.po | 8 +- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc | 48 +++---- .../ru/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.po | 60 ++++---- 20 files changed, 243 insertions(+), 241 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.po index d5d0352aa0..6533599fae 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.po @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-12 21:00+0300\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-15 14:15+0300\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-07-05 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-07-06 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc index 5468e448af..1a3c0a81bc 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ endif::[] ** IPv4-совмСстимый адрСс Π½Π΅ поддСрТиваСтся. ** автоматичСскоС Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (описано Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 4.3 Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ RFC) Π½Π΅ поддСрТиваСтся. -** man:gif[4] интСрфСйс Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ IPv[46]-ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-IPv[46] Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ "настроСнный Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ", описанный Π² спСцификации. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ см. Π² crossref:ipv6[gif,Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π’ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ] этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. +** Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ man:gif[4] Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ IPv[46]-ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-IPv[46] Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ "настроСнный Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ", описанный Π² спСцификации. Π—Π° подробностями ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ crossref:ipv6[gif,Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс] этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. * RFC1981: Path MTU Discovery for IPv6 * RFC2080: RIPng for IPv6 @@ -142,8 +142,8 @@ endif::[] * RFC2710: Multicast Listener Discovery for IPv6 * RFC2711: IPv6 router alert option * [.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-router-renum-08#: ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для IPv6 -* [.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-namelookups-02#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ICMP Π² IPv6 -* [.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookups-03#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ IPv6 Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ICMP +* [.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-namelookups-02#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ICMP Π² IPv6 +* [.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookups-03#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ IPv6 Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ICMP * [.filename]#draft-ietf-pim-ipv6-01.txt#: PIM for IPv6 ** man:pim6dd[8] Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ. man:pim6sd[8] Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ. @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ fe80:2::%ep0/64 link#2 UC ep0 Π‘ΠΌ. Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» crossref:ipv6[neighbor-discovery,Ѐункция "ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сосСдСй"] Π² этом Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ для ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ DAD ΠΈ автонастройкой. [[gif]] -==== Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π’ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ +==== Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс GIF (Generic InterFace) β€” это псСвдоинтСрфСйс для настроСнного туннСля. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ описаны Π² man:gif[4]. Π’ настоящСС врСмя @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ GIF (Generic InterFace) β€” это псСвдоинтСрфСйс для нас доступны. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ man:gifconfig[8] для назначСния физичСских (Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ…) исходных ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… адрСсов интСрфСйсам gif. ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ сСмСйство адрСсов для Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ внСшнСго IP-Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° (v4 Π² v4 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ v6 Π² v6), являСтся опасной. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ интСрфСйсы ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для выполнСния бСсконСчного уровня туннСлирования. _ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ остороТны_. -gif ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» друТСствСнным ΠΊ ECN. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡŽΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊ ECN для Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ см. crossref:ipv6[ipsec-ecn,Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ECN Π² IPsec-туннСлях], Π° ΠΎ настройкС β€” Π² man:gif[4]. +gif ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» друТСствСнным ΠΊ ECN. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡŽΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊ ECN для Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ см. crossref:ipv6[ipsec-ecn,Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ECN Π² IPsec-туннСлях], Π° ΠΎ настройкС β€” Π² man:gif[4]. Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ IPv4-Π²-IPv6 с интСрфСйсом gif, Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ man:gif[4]. Π’Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΊ-Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ адрСс IPv6, автоматичСски Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйсу gif. @@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ gif ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» друТСст НапримСр, ::1 выбираСтся для ff01::1, fe80:1::200:f8ff:fe01:6317 для fe80:1::2a0:24ff:feab:839b (ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ встроСнный индСкс интСрфСйса β€” описанный Π² crossref:ipv6[ipv6-scope-index,ИндСкс Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹] β€” ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ исходный адрСс. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ встроСнныС индСксы Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ сСти). Если исходящий интСрфСйс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ нСсколько адрСсов для Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹, исходный адрСс выбираСтся Π½Π° основС наибольшСго соотвСтствия (ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 3). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ 2001:0DB8:808:1:200:f8ff:fe01:6317 ΠΈ 2001:0DB8:9:124:200:f8ff:fe01:6317 Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ исходящСму интСрфСйсу. 2001:0DB8:808:1:200:f8ff:fe01:6317 выбираСтся Π² качСствР΅ исходящСго адрСса для адрСса назначСния 2001:0DB8:800::1. -ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² спСцификации IPv6. Оно считаСтся элСмСнтом, оставлСнным "Π½Π° усмотрСниС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ". Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ. Один ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² β€” установлСнноС TCP-соСдинСниС, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ адрСс, сохранСнный Π² tcb, Π² качСствС источника. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ β€” исходящий адрСс для ОбъявлСния БосСда (Neighbor Advertisement). Богласно спСцификации (RFC2461 7.2.2) источник NA Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ NS. Π’ этом случаС ΠΌΡ‹ слСдуСм спСцификации, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρƒ наибольшСго совпадСния. +ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² спСцификации IPv6. Оно считаСтся элСмСнтом, оставлСнным "Π½Π° усмотрСниС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ". Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ. Один ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² β€” установлСнноС TCP-соСдинСниС, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ адрСс, сохранённый Π² tcb, Π² качСствС источника. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ β€” исходящий адрСс для ОбъявлСния БосСда (Neighbor Advertisement). Богласно спСцификации (RFC2461 7.2.2) источник NA Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ NS. Π’ этом случаС ΠΌΡ‹ слСдуСм спСцификации, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρƒ наибольшСго совпадСния. Для Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… соСдинСний (ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 1 Π½Π΅ примСняСтся), ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ адрСса (адрСса с ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ = 0) Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² качСствС исходящСго адрСса, Ссли доступны Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹. Если Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Ρ‚, ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠΉ адрСс Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ использован Π² качСствС послСднСго срСдства. Если Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… адрСсов, для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ области видимости. Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ использованиС ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… адрСсов ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅, установитС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ net.inet6.ip6.use_deprecated Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 0. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, связанная с ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈ адрСсами, описана Π² RFC2462 5.5.4 (ΠŸΠ Π˜ΠœΠ•Π§ΠΠΠ˜Π•: Π² IETF ipngwg вСдутся Π΄Π΅Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ "ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅" адрСса). @@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ FreeBSD 4.x configurable supported ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ сторонС: -ΠŸΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² RFC2553 слишком ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ сказано ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ привязки ΠΊ подстановочному адрСсу, особСнно ΠΎ вопросС пространства ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΈ взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ AF_INET/INET6 wildcard bind. ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ этого RFC, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ сСбя ΠΏΠΎ-Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для создания пСрСносимых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ слСдуСт Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ядрС. ИспользованиС man:getaddrinfo[3] являСтся Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ бСзопасным способом. Вопросы пространства Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ привязки ΠΊ подстановочному адрСсу ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² рассылкС ipv6imp Π² сСрСдинС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ консСнсуса Π½Π΅Ρ‚ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, остаСтся Π½Π° усмотрСниС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²). Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Π°ΠΌ стоит ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ рассылки. +ΠŸΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² RFC2553 слишком ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ сказано ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ привязки ΠΊ подстановочному адрСсу, особСнно ΠΎ вопросС пространства ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΈ взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ AF_INET/INET6 wildcard bind. ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ этого RFC, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ сСбя ΠΏΠΎ-Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для создания пСрСносимых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ слСдуСт Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ядрС. ИспользованиС man:getaddrinfo[3] являСтся Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ бСзопасным способом. Вопросы пространства Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ привязки ΠΊ подстановочному адрСсу ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² рассылкС ipv6imp Π² сСрСдинС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ консСнсуса Π½Π΅Ρ‚ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, остаётся Π½Π° усмотрСниС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²). Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Π°ΠΌ стоит ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ рассылки. Если сСрвСрноС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ IPv4 ΠΈ IPv6 соСдинСния, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π²Π° Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π°. @@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ FreeBSD 4.x configurable supported ===== ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ tcp ΠΈ inpcb -FreeBSD 4.x ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ tcp для IPv4 ΠΈ IPv6 (ΠΈΠ· sys/netinet/tcp*) ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ udp4/6. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ унифицированная структура inpcb. +FreeBSD 4.x ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ tcp для IPv4 ΠΈ IPv6 (ΠΈΠ· sys/netinet/tcp*) ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ udp4/6. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ унифицированная структура inpcb. ΠŸΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ настроСна для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ IPv4-ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… адрСсов. ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ядра ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ описана Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅: @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ FreeBSD 4.x ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ исходящСС соСдинСниС с [[ipsec-implementation]] === IPsec -IPsec состоит Π² основном ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚. +IPsec состоит Π² основном ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚. . Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ . Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ @@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ IPsec состоит Π² основном ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚. IPsec (Π² ядрС) ΠΈ IKE (Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "racoon") Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ протСстированы Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… мСроприятиях ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ взаимодСйствия ΠΈ извСстно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ со ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ рСализациями. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, тСкущая рСализация IPsec ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ довольно ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ спСктр криптографичСских Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ² IPsec, описанных Π² RFC (ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ с ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ). [[ipsec-ecn]] -==== Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ECN Π² IPsec-туннСлях +==== Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ECN Π² IPsec-туннСлях ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ECN-совмСстимый IPsec-Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π² [.filename]#draft-ipsec-ecn-00.txt#. @@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ IPsec (Π² ядрС) ΠΈ IKE (Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ простран РСализация туннСля IPsec ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π° повСдСния, Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ значСния ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° `net.inet.ipsec.ecn` (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `net.inet6.ipsec6.ecn`): -* RFC2401: отсутствиС ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ECN (Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ sysctl -1) +* RFC2401: отсутствиС ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ECN (Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ sysctl -1) * ECN Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘Π½ (Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ sysctl 0) * ECN Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΡ‘Π½ (Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ sysctl 1) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.po index 44fc7db587..4371e21dbe 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -140,9 +140,10 @@ msgid "" "way, and it covers \"configured tunnel\" described in the spec. See crossref:" "ipv6[gif,Generic Tunnel Interface] in this document for details." msgstr "" -"man:gif[4] интСрфСйс Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ IPv[46]-ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-IPv[46] Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ " -"Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ \"настроСнный Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ\", описанный Π² спСцификации. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ см. " -"Π² crossref:ipv6[gif,Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π’ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ] этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°." +"Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ man:gif[4] Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ IPv[46]-ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-IPv[46] Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ " +"Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ \"настроСнный Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒ\", описанный Π² спСцификации. Π—Π° подробностями " +"ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ crossref:ipv6[gif,Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс] " +"этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:86 @@ -366,7 +367,7 @@ msgid "" "[.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-namelookups-02#: IPv6 Name Lookups " "Through ICMP" msgstr "" -"[.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-namelookups-02#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ICMP Π² " +"[.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-namelookups-02#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ICMP Π² " "IPv6" #. type: Plain text @@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ msgid "" "[.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookups-03#: IPv6 Name Lookups " "Through ICMP" msgstr "" -"[.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookups-03#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ IPv6 Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· " +"[.filename]#draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookups-03#: Поиск ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ IPv6 Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· " "ICMP" #. type: Plain text @@ -950,7 +951,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:321 #, no-wrap msgid "Generic Tunnel Interface" -msgstr "Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π’ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ" +msgstr "Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:325 @@ -1005,7 +1006,7 @@ msgid "" "gif[4] for how to configure." msgstr "" "gif ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» друТСствСнным ΠΊ ECN. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎ " -"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡŽΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊ ECN для Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ см. crossref:ipv6[ipsec-ecn,Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ECN Π² " +"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡŽΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊ ECN для Ρ‚ΡƒΠ½Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ см. crossref:ipv6[ipsec-ecn,Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ECN Π² " "IPsec-туннСлях], Π° ΠΎ настройкС β€” Π² man:gif[4]." #. type: Plain text @@ -1127,14 +1128,14 @@ msgid "" "should be the target address of the corresponding NS's target. In this case " "we follow the spec rather than the above longest-match rule." msgstr "" -"ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² " +"ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² " "спСцификации IPv6. Оно считаСтся элСмСнтом, оставлСнным \"Π½Π° усмотрСниС " "Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ\". Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ. Один ΠΈΠ· " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² β€” установлСнноС TCP-соСдинСниС, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ адрСс, " -"сохранСнный Π² tcb, Π² качСствС источника. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ β€” исходящий адрСс для " -"ОбъявлСния БосСда (Neighbor Advertisement). Богласно спСцификации (RFC2461 " -"7.2.2) источник NA Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ NS. Π’ этом " -"случаС ΠΌΡ‹ слСдуСм спСцификации, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρƒ наибольшСго " +"сохранённый Π² tcb, Π² качСствС источника. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ β€” исходящий адрСс для " +"ОбъявлСния БосСда (Neighbor Advertisement). Богласно спСцификации (RFC2461 7." +"2.2) источник NA Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ NS. Π’ этом " +"случаС ΠΌΡ‹ слСдуСм спСцификации, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρƒ наибольшСго " "совпадСния." #. type: Plain text @@ -1666,12 +1667,12 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΈ взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ AF_INET/INET6 wildcard bind. ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " "нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ этого RFC, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ " "Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ сСбя ΠΏΠΎ-Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для создания пСрСносимых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ " -"слСдуСт Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ядрС. ИспользованиС man:" -"getaddrinfo[3] являСтся Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ бСзопасным способом. Вопросы пространства " -"Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ привязки ΠΊ подстановочному адрСсу ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² " -"рассылкС ipv6imp Π² сСрСдинС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"консСнсуса Π½Π΅Ρ‚ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, остаСтся Π½Π° усмотрСниС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²). Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, " -"Π²Π°ΠΌ стоит ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ рассылки." +"слСдуСт Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ядрС. ИспользованиС " +"man:getaddrinfo[3] являСтся Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ бСзопасным способом. Вопросы " +"пространства Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ привязки ΠΊ подстановочному адрСсу ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ " +"ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² рассылкС ipv6imp Π² сСрСдинС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° 1999 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ консСнсуса Π½Π΅Ρ‚ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, остаётся Π½Π° усмотрСниС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²). " +"Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Π°ΠΌ стоит ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ рассылки." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:534 @@ -1867,7 +1868,7 @@ msgid "" "tcp*) and separate udp4/6 code. It uses unified inpcb structure." msgstr "" "FreeBSD 4.x ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ tcp для IPv4 ΠΈ IPv6 (ΠΈΠ· sys/netinet/tcp*) ΠΈ " -"Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ udp4/6. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ унифицированная структура inpcb." +"Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ udp4/6. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ унифицированная структура inpcb." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:588 @@ -2208,7 +2209,7 @@ msgstr "IPsec" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:690 msgid "IPsec is mainly organized by three components." -msgstr "IPsec состоит Π² основном ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚." +msgstr "IPsec состоит Π² основном ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚." #. type: Title ==== #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:692 @@ -2610,7 +2611,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:793 #, no-wrap msgid "ECN Consideration on IPsec Tunnels" -msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ECN Π² IPsec-туннСлях" +msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ ECN Π² IPsec-туннСлях" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:796 @@ -2662,7 +2663,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:808 msgid "RFC2401: no consideration for ECN (sysctl value -1)" -msgstr "RFC2401: отсутствиС ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ECN (Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ sysctl -1)" +msgstr "RFC2401: отсутствиС ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ECN (Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ sysctl -1)" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/ipv6/_index.adoc:809 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.adoc index 0578ee9087..973ef9f796 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.adoc @@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ kdb_enter (why=, msg=) at /usr/src/sys/kern/subr_k Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ компилятора, Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ``, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ позволяСт ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `gdb`. Если это Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ядро с ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π² `COPTFLAGS=-O1` Π² man:make[1]. Однако ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ классы ошибок Π² ядрС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ уровня ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ==== -Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ этот сСанс ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ сСанс GDB, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ доступ ΠΊ исходному ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ, запуск Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ gud (Grand Unified Debugger) Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π° Emacs (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ автоматичСскоС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π΅ Emacs) ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. +Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ этот сСанс ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ сСанс GDB, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ доступ ΠΊ исходному ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ, запуск Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ gud (Grand Unified Debugger) Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π° Emacs (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ автоматичСскоС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π΅ Emacs) ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. [[kerneldebug-console]] == ΠžΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ° Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π° консоли @@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ M-x gdba * `options WITNESS_SKIPSPIN`: ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ порядка Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ spinlock Π²ΠΎ врСмя выполнСния с WITNESS. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ spin-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅ всСго Π·Π°Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‰ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π° события ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‰ΠΈΠΊΠ° происходят часто, эта опция ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСмы, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ с WITNESS. Π­Ρ‚Π° опция зависит ΠΎΡ‚ `options WITNESS`. * `options WITNESS_KDB`: измСняСт Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ систСмной настройки `debug.witness.kdb` Π½Π° 1, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ порядка Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ вмСсто простого Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° прСдупрСТдСния. Π­Ρ‚Π° опция зависит ΠΎΡ‚ `options WITNESS`. * `options SOCKBUF_DEBUG`: Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ согласованности сокСтных Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎ врСмя выполнСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ для ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ошибок Π² сокСтах, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ состояний Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… устройств, Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с сокСтами. Данная опция Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ влияСт Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ сСти ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ Π² состояниях Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² устройств. -* `options DEBUG_VFS_LOCKS`: отслСТиваСт Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ получСния Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ для lockmgr/vnode, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡ объСм ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `show lockedvnods` Π² DDB. Данная опция ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. +* `options DEBUG_VFS_LOCKS`: отслСТиваСт Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ получСния Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ для lockmgr/vnode, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `show lockedvnods` Π² DDB. Данная опция ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. * `options DEBUG_MEMGUARD`: Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° для man:malloc[9], Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ памяти ядра, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ систСму VM для обнаруТСния чтСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ записи Π² ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² man:memguard[9]. Данная опция Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ влияСт Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ ошибок поврСТдСния памяти ядра. * `options DIAGNOSTIC`: Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ диагностичСскиС тСсты, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ `options INVARIANTS`. * `options KASAN`: Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ адрСсов ядра (Kernel Address Sanitizer). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ инструмСнтированиС компилятора, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для обнаруТСния нСдопустимых ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ памяти Π² ядрС, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ использованиС послС освобоТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°. Π’ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни замСняСт `options DEBUG_MEMGUARD`. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ см. Π² man:kasan[9]. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.po index bda6f032ce..22ce3fd168 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-06-29 21:20+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -1400,7 +1400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ этот сСанс ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ сСанс GDB, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ доступ ΠΊ исходному ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ, запуск Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ gud (Grand Unified Debugger) " -"Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π° Emacs (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ автоматичСскоС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² " +"Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π° Emacs (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ автоматичСскоС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² " "Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π΅ Emacs) ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄." #. type: Title == @@ -2170,7 +2170,7 @@ msgid "" "in DDB. This option has a measurable performance impact." msgstr "" "`options DEBUG_VFS_LOCKS`: отслСТиваСт Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ получСния Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ для " -"lockmgr/vnode, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡ объСм ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `show " +"lockmgr/vnode, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `show " "lockedvnods` Π² DDB. Данная опция ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.adoc index 843e2eea72..0ef047e823 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.adoc @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ endif::[] === ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹Π² ΠΊ объСдинСнию усилий ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ -Нам стало извСстно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ усилия ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (I18N) ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (L10N) Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ странС Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. МногиС ΠΈΠ· нас снова ΠΈ снова нСэффСктивно ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ вСлосипСд. ΠœΡ‹ надССмся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² области I18N смогут ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡΡ для совмСстной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ отвСтствСнности, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Core Team Π² FreeBSD. +Нам стало извСстно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ усилия ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (I18N) ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (L10N) Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ странС Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. МногиС ΠΈΠ· нас снова ΠΈ снова нСэффСктивно ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ вСлосипСд. ΠœΡ‹ надССмся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² области I18N смогут ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡΡ для совмСстной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ отвСтствСнности, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ Π² FreeBSD. Π’ настоящСС врСмя ΠΌΡ‹ надССмся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ написании ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ I18N-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ списки рассылки FreeBSD ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ страны для тСстирования. Π’ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ надССмся ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прилоТСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° всСх языках "ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ" Π±Π΅Π· грязных Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ². diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.po index 815046a819..879ed2b24d 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-11 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-21 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (L10N) Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ странС Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. МногиС ΠΈΠ· " "нас снова ΠΈ снова нСэффСктивно ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ вСлосипСд. ΠœΡ‹ надССмся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² области I18N смогут ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡΡ для " -"совмСстной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ отвСтствСнности, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Core Team Π² FreeBSD." +"совмСстной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ отвСтствСнности, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ Π² FreeBSD." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/l10n/_index.adoc:73 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc index 881c669f3a..763b3c0449 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc @@ -110,18 +110,18 @@ MAINTAINER= email-addresses . Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрпрСтируСтся ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ выполняСтся процСссором(-Π°ΠΌΠΈ) систСмы ΠΈ Π½Π΅ прСдставлСн Π² исходном Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅, являСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. . Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ BSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ GNU, являСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. . Π€Π°ΠΉΠ», содСрТащий Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для использования ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Ссли ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ примСняСтся ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ (1) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ (2). -. Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ограничСниями Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core Team] ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ. +. Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ограничСниями Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team)] ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ. . ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² [.filename]#src/contrib# ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ [.filename]#src/sys/contrib#. . Π’Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ вмСстС. НСт смысла Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ совмСстного использования ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. . Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ uuencode ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ [.filename]#arch/filename.o.uu#. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π² этом Π½Π΅Ρ‚ нСобходимости, ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. . Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ядра систСмы: .. ВсСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π² [.filename]#conf/files.*# (для упрощСния сборки). -.. ВсСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² [.filename]#LINT#, Π½ΠΎ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core Team] Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС, слСдуСт Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core Team] ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ своС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. +.. ВсСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² [.filename]#LINT#, Π½ΠΎ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team)] Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС, слСдуСт Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°] ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ своС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. .. _Π˜Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎ выпуску_ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ это Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² выпуск. . ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹: -.. Команда link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core team] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ систСму. -.. link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-re[ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π» Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²] Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ это Π² Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·. +.. Команда link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core team)] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ систСму. +.. link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-re[Команда ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²] Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ это Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·. [[policies-shlib]] == ДинамичСскиС Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ @@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ MAINTAINER= email-addresses * ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ вСрсий символов Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒ * Если Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсовмСстимоС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ вСрсионирования символов, сохраняя ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ABI * Если это Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ вСрсионированиС символов, ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ -* ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вСрсии Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ для Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ с вСрсионированиСм символов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Release Engineering, прСдоставив ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ слСдуСт Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, нСсмотря Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ABI +* ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вСрсии Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ для Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ с вСрсионированиСм символов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с Командой ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², прСдоставив ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ слСдуСт Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, нСсмотря Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ABI НапримСр, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ исправлСния ошибок, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ интСрфСйсы, допустимы, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ синтаксис Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-совмСстимыС символы, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊ измСнСнию ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° вСрсии. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.po index ba64ecaad2..0afe78232d 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-06-29 21:20+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-05 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -304,8 +304,8 @@ msgid "" "repository." msgstr "" "Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ограничСниями Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ " -"link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core Team] ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ " -"Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ." +"link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core " +"Team)] ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc:127 @@ -359,9 +359,10 @@ msgid "" "Team] can, of course, change their minds later on." msgstr "" "ВсСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² [.filename]#LINT#, Π½ΠΎ link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/" -"administration/#t-core[Core Team] Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС, слСдуСт " -"Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/" -"#t-core[Core Team] ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ своС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅." +"administration/#t-core[Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team)] Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС, слСдуСт Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. link:https://www." +"FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°] ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ " +"ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ своС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc:134 @@ -379,8 +380,9 @@ msgid "" "The link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core team] decides " "if the code should be part of the installed base system." msgstr "" -"Команда link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Core team] " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ систСму." +"Команда link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-core[Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° " +"(Core team)] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ " +"систСму." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc:138 @@ -388,8 +390,8 @@ msgid "" "The link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-re[Release Engineering] " "decides if it goes into the release." msgstr "" -"link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-re[ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π» Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²] " -"Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ это Π² Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·." +"link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/administration/#t-re[Команда ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²]" +" Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ это Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/policies/_index.adoc:140 @@ -470,8 +472,8 @@ msgid "" "change is so important that it should be allowed despite breaking the ABI" msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вСрсии Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ для Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ с " -"вСрсионированиСм символов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Release " -"Engineering, прСдоставив ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ " +"вСрсионированиСм символов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с Командой ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ " +"Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², прСдоставив ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ " "слСдуСт Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, нСсмотря Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ABI" #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.adoc index 0bbbd64390..cdbded5233 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.adoc @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ endif::[] Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ соврСмСнных ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ стСк для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ хранСния Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π‘Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊ β€” это Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "послСдним ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΡ‘Π» β€” ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡƒΡˆΡ‘Π»" (LIFO) Π² Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΉ области памяти процСсса. Когда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ, создаётся Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ "стСковый ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€". Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ стСковый ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€ состоит ΠΈΠ· Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ динамичСского количСства мСста для Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. "Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ стСка" β€” это рСгистр, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ содСрТит Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ мСстополоТСниС Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ стСка. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ постоян Π½ΠΎ мСняСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ добавлСния Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρƒ стСка, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ "ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€Π°", ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ располагаСтся Π²Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° стСкового ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³Ρ‡Π΅ Π°Π΄Ρ€Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ этого значСния. crossref:bibliography[COD,1] АдрСс Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° для Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ хранится Π² стСкС, ΠΈ это являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ эксплойтов пСрСполнСния стСка, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ локальной ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ адрСс Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° этой Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ позволяя Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ ‚ΡŒ любой ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎ своСму ΡƒΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. -Π₯отя Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° стСк ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространСнными, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ стСка с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΡ‡Ρƒ (malloc/free). +Π₯отя Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° стСк ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространёнными, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ стСка с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΡ‡Ρƒ (malloc/free). Π―Π·Ρ‹ΠΊ программирования C Π½Π΅ выполняСт Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ† массивов ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ языки. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, стандартная Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° C содСрТит мноТСство ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ опасных Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ. @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ ProPolice ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π± Π‘ΡƒΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π² срСдС ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ: -* Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `setuid`, `seteuid`, `setgid`, `setegid`, `setgroups`, `setreuid`, `setregid`, `setlogin` +* Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `setuid`, `seteuid`, `setgid`, `setegid`, `setgroups`, `setreuid`, `setregid`, `setlogin` * Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ рСсурсов с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `setrlimit` * Π˜Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠ·Π»Ρ‹ sysctl (kern.hostname) * `chroot()` @@ -225,6 +225,6 @@ POSIX(R) выпустил Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π² [[secure-race-conditions]] == БостояниС Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ -БостояниС Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ β€” это аномальноС ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ событий. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ словами, программист ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ событиС всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. +БостояниС Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ β€” это аномальноС ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ событий. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ словами, программист ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ событиС всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· распространённых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ состояний Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ β€” это сигналы, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ доступа ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ своСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ асинхронными событиями, поэтому ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° доступа с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `access(2)`, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ `open(2)` явно Π½Π΅Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ этими двумя Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ВмСсто этого ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прилоТСния Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `seteuid()`, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `open()` Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ. По Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ маску (`umas k`) ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ `open()`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСобходимости Π² Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… `chmod()`. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.po index 8df1ae4fae..a79c5cf9d1 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ msgid "" "Although stack-based attacks are by far the most common, it would also be " "possible to overrun the stack with a heap-based (malloc/free) attack." msgstr "" -"Π₯отя Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° стСк ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространСнными, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ " +"Π₯отя Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° стСк ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространёнными, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ стСка с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΡ‡Ρƒ (malloc/free)." #. type: Plain text @@ -645,8 +645,8 @@ msgid "" "Manipulate credential with `setuid`, `seteuid`, `setgid`, `setegid`, " "`setgroups`, `setreuid`, `setregid`, `setlogin`" msgstr "" -"Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `setuid`, `seteuid`, `setgid`, " -"`setegid`, `setgroups`, `setreuid`, `setregid`, `setlogin`" +"Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `setuid`, `seteuid`, `setgid`, `setegid`" +", `setgroups`, `setreuid`, `setregid`, `setlogin`" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/secure/_index.adoc:248 @@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "БостояниС Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ β€” это аномальноС ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " "Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ событий. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ словами, программист " -"ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ событиС всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ " +"ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ событиС всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ " "Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ." #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc index 822ec551f3..5c59c2469f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc @@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ endif::[] Часто Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ _язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°_ унивСрсалСн. Но это Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡŽΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ† взял мСня с собой Π² Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π³Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ. ΠœΡ‹ сидСли Π·Π° столиком Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅ Π‘ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊ Π½Π°ΠΌ подошСл ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ†, прСдлагая ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ миндаль. -Π― Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π» болгарского, поэтому вмСсто словСсного ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° я ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π» Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· стороны Π² сторону β€” это Β«ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉΒ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° для обозначСния _Π½Π΅Ρ‚_. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π» ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΡ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нас ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΌ. +Π― Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π» болгарского, поэтому вмСсто словСсного ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° я ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π» Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· стороны Π² сторону β€” это Β«ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉΒ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° для обозначСния _Π½Π΅Ρ‚_. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π» ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΡ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нас ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΌ. -Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ я вспомнил, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π³Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· стороны Π² сторону ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ _Π΄Π°_. Быстро я Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π» ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-Π²Π½ΠΈΠ·. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ», взял свои ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΡƒΡˆΡ‘Π». Для нСпосвящённого Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ я Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°: я ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ двиТСния Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ β€” ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ИзмСнился _смысл_ языка Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°. Π‘Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† ΠΈ я ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ТСсты ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ смысл. МнС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свою ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этих ТСстов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† мСня понял. +Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ я вспомнил, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π³Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· стороны Π² сторону ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ _Π΄Π°_. Быстро я Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π» ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-Π²Π½ΠΈΠ·. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ», Π·Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π» свои ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΡˆΡ‘Π». Для нСпосвящённого Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ я Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°: я ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ двиТСния Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ β€” ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ИзмСнился _смысл_ языка Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°. Π‘Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† ΠΈ я ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ТСсты ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ смысл. МнС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свою ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этих ТСстов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† мСня понял. Π’ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ самоС ΠΈ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ: ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ символы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ _языкС_, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ _Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ_ языка. @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ struct sockaddr { ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° _Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ_, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ объявлСно ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ `sa_data` β€” просто ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ массив ΠΈΠ· `14` Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ большС `14`. -Π­Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ β€” это ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс. Π₯отя Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ людСй, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ интСрфСйсом для Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π° β€” ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, вСроятно, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ для этого Π² наши Π΄Π½ΠΈ β€” сокСты ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ практичСски для _любого_ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° мСТпроцСссного взаимодСйствия, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π΅, IP) β€” лишь ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…. +Π­Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ β€” это ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс. Π₯отя Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ людСй, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ интСрфСйсом для Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π° β€” ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, вСроятно, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ для этого Π² наши Π΄Π½ΠΈ β€” сокСты ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ практичСски для _любого_ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° мСТпроцСссного взаимодСйствия, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π΅, IP) β€” лишь ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…. [.filename]#sys/socket.h# ссылаСтся Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ сокСты, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° _сСмСйства адрСсов_, ΠΈ пСрСчисляСт ΠΈΡ… нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ `sockaddr`: @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ image::sain.png[] Π’Ρ€ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… поля β€” это `sin_family`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ находится Π² Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ 1 структуры, `sin_port`, 16-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, располоТСнноС Π² Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ… 2 ΠΈ 3, ΠΈ `sin_addr`, 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ цСлочислСнноС прСдставлСниС IP-адрСса, хранящССся Π² Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ… 4–7. -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ пытаСмся Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° _daytime_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ просто ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвСр записываСт Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ строку с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ 13. ΠœΡ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ TCP/IP, поэтому Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `AF_INET` Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ сСмСйства адрСсов. `AF_INET` ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `2`. Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ IP-адрСс `192.43.244.18`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся сСрвСром Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° БША (`time.nist.gov`). +Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ пытаСмся Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° _daytime_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ просто ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвСр записываСт Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ строку с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ 13. ΠœΡ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ TCP/IP, поэтому Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `AF_INET` Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ сСмСйства адрСсов. `AF_INET` ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `2`. Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ IP-адрСс `132.163.96.1`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся сСрвСром Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° БША (`time.nist.gov`). .ΠšΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ sockaddr_in image::sainfill.png[] @@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ struct in_addr { Π’ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, `in_addr_t` являСтся 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ числом. -`192.43.244.18` β€” это просто удобная Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° записи 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ числа, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ всС Π΅Π³ΠΎ 8-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Ρ‹, начиная с _ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ_. +`132.163.96.1` β€” это просто удобная Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° записи 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ числа, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ всС Π΅Π³ΠΎ 8-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Ρ‹, начиная с _ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ_. Π”ΠΎ сих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ‹ рассматривали `sockaddr` ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π±ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ. Наш ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π½Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ `short` Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹Π΅ числа ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡŽ 16-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ 2 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚. Аналогично, ΠΎΠ½ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹Π΅ числа ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ 4 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚. @@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ struct in_addr { .... sa.sin_family = AF_INET; sa.sin_port = 13; -sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((192 << 8) | 43) << 8) | 244) << 8) | 18; +sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((132 << 8) | 163) << 8) | 96) << 8) | 1; .... Как Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚? @@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ image::sainmsb.png[] .... sa.sin_family = AF_INET; sa.sin_port = 13 << 8; -sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((18 << 8) | 244) << 8) | 43) << 8) | 192; +sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((1 << 8) | 96) << 8) | 163) << 8) | 132; .... Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ _ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ‚_ наш компилятор, заставив Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² _порядкС Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΎΠ² сСти_. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях это ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ способ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ассСмблСрС). Однако Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ. @@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ int connect(int s, const struct sockaddr *name, socklen_t namelen); [[sockets-first-client]] ===== Наш ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΌΡ‹ Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ достаточно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простого ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя ΠΎΡ‚ `192.43.244.18` ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#stdout#. +Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΌΡ‹ Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ достаточно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простого ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя ΠΎΡ‚ `132.163.96.1` ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#stdout#. [.programlisting] .... @@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ int main() { sa.sin_family = AF_INET; sa.sin_port = htons(13); - sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((((((192 << 8) | 43) << 8) | 244) << 8) | 18); + sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((((((132 << 8) | 163) << 8) | 96) << 8) | 1); if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof sa) < 0) { perror("connect"); close(s); @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ int listen(int s, int backlog); [[sockets-accept]] ===== `accept` -ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΡΠ»Ρ‹ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², отвСчая Π½Π° Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ установили соСдинСниС с вашим ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ соСдинСниС остаСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ваш ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ повСситС Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. +ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΡΠ»Ρ‹ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², отвСчая Π½Π° Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ установили соСдинСниС с вашим ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ соСдинСниС остаётся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ваш ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ повСситС Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ соСдинСниС, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ man:accept[2]. @@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ if (INADDR_ANY) sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); .... -Π•Π³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ `0`. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использовали `bzero` для всСй структуры, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ снова ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² `0`. Но Ссли ΠΌΡ‹ пСрСнСсСм наш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ систСму, Π³Π΄Π΅ INADDR_ANY, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ `sa.sin_addr.s_addr`. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ соврСмСнных компиляторов C достаточно ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ INADDR_ANY β€” это константа. Пока ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ всС условноС Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. +Π•Π³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ `0`. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использовали `memset`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² 0 всС Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Ρ‹ структуры, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ снова ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² `0`. Но Ссли ΠΌΡ‹ пСрСнСсём наш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ систСму, Π³Π΄Π΅ INADDR_ANY, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ `sa.sin_addr.s_addr`. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ соврСмСнных компиляторов C достаточно ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ INADDR_ANY β€” это константа. Пока ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ всС условноС Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. ПослС ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `bind` ΠΌΡ‹ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ_: ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ `fork` для создания Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ процСсса. Π’ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… процСссах, Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅ΠΌ, пСрСмСнная `s` являСтся нашим сокСтом. Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ процСссу ΠΎΠ½ большС Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½, поэтому ΠΎΠ½ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ `close`, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ `0`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ своСму Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ΠΎΠ± ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. @@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ bind: Permission denied # .... -Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ... НичСго? Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·: +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ... НичСго? Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π·: [source, bash] .... @@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ Connection closed by foreign host. [[sockets-helper-functions]] == Π’ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ -Π‘ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° C Π² FreeBSD содСрТит мноТСство Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ для программирования сокСтов. НапримСр, Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΡ‹ ТСстко прописали IP-адрСс `time.nist.gov`. Но ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ всСгда Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ IP-адрСс. Π”Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ, нашС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, Ссли ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ввСсти IP-адрСс ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ имя. +Π‘ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° C Π² FreeBSD содСрТит мноТСство Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ для программирования сокСтов. НапримСр, Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΡ‹ Тёстко прописали IP-адрСс `time.nist.gov`. Но ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ всСгда Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ IP-адрСс. Π”Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ, нашС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, Ссли ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ввСсти IP-адрСс ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ имя. [[sockets-gethostbyname]] === `gethostbyname` @@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { } .... -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ввСсти Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ имя (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ IP-адрСс, это Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… направлСниях) Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ строкС, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° попытаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвСру _daytime_. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС, ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ `time.nist.gov`. Однако Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π² этом случаС ΠΌΡ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `gethostbyname` вмСсто ТСсткого задания `192.43.244.18`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Π΅Π³ΠΎ IP-адрСс измСнится Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ всё Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ смоТСм Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ. +Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ввСсти Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ имя (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ IP-адрСс, это Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… направлСниях) Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ строкС, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° попытаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвСру _daytime_. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ `time.nist.gov`. Однако Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π² этом случаС ΠΌΡ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `gethostbyname` вмСсто Тёсткого указания `132.163.96.1`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Π΅Π³ΠΎ IP-адрСс измСнится Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ всё Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ смоТСм Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ локального сСрвСра Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ практичСски Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ врСмя, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ daytime Π΄Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ подряд: сначала для получСния Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ `time.nist.gov`, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ вашСй собствСнной систСмы. ПослС этого Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ, насколько Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ часы вашСй систСмы: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.po index 15be2f1255..52e372dc50 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ msgid "" "my head from side to side, the \"universal\" body language for _no_. The " "vendor quickly started serving us some almonds." msgstr "" -"Π― Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π» болгарского, поэтому вмСсто словСсного ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° я ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π» " +"Π― Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π» болгарского, поэтому вмСсто словСсного ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° я ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π» " "Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· стороны Π² сторону β€” это Β«ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉΒ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° для обозначСния " "_Π½Π΅Ρ‚_. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π» ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΡ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нас ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΌ." @@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ я вспомнил, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π³Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· " "стороны Π² сторону ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ _Π΄Π°_. Быстро я Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π» ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…-Π²Π½ΠΈΠ·. " -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ», взял свои ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΡƒΡˆΡ‘Π». Для нСпосвящённого Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ " -"я Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°: я ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ двиТСния Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ β€” " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ», Π·Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π» свои ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΡˆΡ‘Π». Для нСпосвящённого Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ я " +"Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» язык Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°: я ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ двиТСния Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ β€” " "ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ИзмСнился _смысл_ языка Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°. Π‘Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π΅Ρ† ΠΈ я " "ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ТСсты ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ смысл. МнС " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свою ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этих ТСстов, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " @@ -671,7 +671,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:252 msgid "Use `PF_INET` for UDP, TCP and other Internet protocols (IPv4)." -msgstr "Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ `PF_INET` для UDP, TCP ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² (IPv4)." +msgstr "" +"Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ `PF_INET` для UDP, TCP ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² (IPv4)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:256 @@ -681,10 +682,11 @@ msgid "" "`SOCK_STREAM`, which tells the system you are asking for a _reliable stream " "delivery service_ (which is TCP when used with `PF_INET`)." msgstr "" -"Для Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° `type` ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² [.filename]#" -"sys/socket.h#. ВсС ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с \"`SOCK_`\". НаиболСС распространённоС β€” " -"`SOCK_STREAM`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ систСмС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ _Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСрвис " -"ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ доставки_ (это TCP ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании с `PF_INET`)." +"Для Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° `type` ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² [." +"filename]#sys/socket.h#. ВсС ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с \"`SOCK_`\". НаиболСС " +"распространённоС β€” `SOCK_STREAM`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ систСмС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ _Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСрвис ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ доставки_ (это TCP ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " +"использовании с `PF_INET`)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:258 @@ -793,8 +795,8 @@ msgid "" "as an array of `14` bytes, with the comment hinting there can be more than " "`14` of them." msgstr "" -"ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° _Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ_, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ объявлСно ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ `sa_data` β€”" -" просто ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ массив ΠΈΠ· `14` Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " +"ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° _Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ_, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ объявлСно ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ `sa_data` " +"β€” просто ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ массив ΠΈΠ· `14` Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " "Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ большС `14`." #. type: Plain text @@ -806,7 +808,7 @@ msgid "" "can be used for just about _any_ kind of interprocess communications, of " "which the Internet (or, more precisely, IP) is only one." msgstr "" -"Π­Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ β€” это ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " +"Π­Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ β€” это ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " "интСрфСйс. Π₯отя Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ людСй, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ " "интСрфСйсом для Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π° β€” ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, вСроятно, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ " "ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ для этого Π² наши Π΄Π½ΠΈ β€” сокСты ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ практичСски " @@ -1010,14 +1012,14 @@ msgid "" "write a text string representing the current date and time to port 13. We " "want to use TCP/IP, so we need to specify `AF_INET` in the address family " "field. `AF_INET` is defined as `2`. Let us use the IP address of " -"`192.43.244.18`, which is the time server of US federal government " -"(`time.nist.gov`)." +"`132.163.96.1`, which is the time server of US federal government (`time." +"nist.gov`)." msgstr "" "Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ пытаСмся Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° _daytime_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ просто ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвСр записываСт " "Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ строку с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ 13. ΠœΡ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "TCP/IP, поэтому Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `AF_INET` Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ сСмСйства адрСсов. " -"`AF_INET` ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `2`. Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ IP-адрСс `192.43.244.18`, " +"`AF_INET` ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `2`. Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ IP-адрСс `132.163.96.1`, " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся сСрвСром Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° БША (`time.nist." "gov`)." @@ -1068,11 +1070,11 @@ msgstr "Π’ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, `in_addr_t` являСтся 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ† #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:406 msgid "" -"The `192.43.244.18` is just a convenient notation of expressing a 32-bit " +"The `132.163.96.1` is just a convenient notation of expressing a 32-bit " "integer by listing all of its 8-bit bytes, starting with the _most " "significant_ one." msgstr "" -"`192.43.244.18` β€” это просто удобная Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° записи 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ числа, Π² " +"`132.163.96.1` β€” это просто удобная Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° записи 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ числа, Π² " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ всС Π΅Π³ΠΎ 8-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Ρ‹, начиная с _ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ_." #. type: Plain text @@ -1098,11 +1100,11 @@ msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, ΠΌΡ‹ написали Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ э msgid "" "sa.sin_family = AF_INET;\n" "sa.sin_port = 13;\n" -"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((192 << 8) | 43) << 8) | 244) << 8) | 18;\n" +"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((132 << 8) | 163) << 8) | 96) << 8) | 1;\n" msgstr "" "sa.sin_family = AF_INET;\n" "sa.sin_port = 13;\n" -"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((192 << 8) | 43) << 8) | 244) << 8) | 18;\n" +"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((132 << 8) | 163) << 8) | 96) << 8) | 1;\n" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:421 @@ -1332,11 +1334,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "sa.sin_family = AF_INET;\n" "sa.sin_port = 13 << 8;\n" -"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((18 << 8) | 244) << 8) | 43) << 8) | 192;\n" +"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((1 << 8) | 96) << 8) | 163) << 8) | 132;\n" msgstr "" "sa.sin_family = AF_INET;\n" "sa.sin_port = 13 << 8;\n" -"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((18 << 8) | 244) << 8) | 43) << 8) | 192;\n" +"sa.sin_addr.s_addr = (((((1 << 8) | 96) << 8) | 163) << 8) | 132;\n" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:494 @@ -1347,8 +1349,8 @@ msgid "" "problem." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ _ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ‚_ наш компилятор, заставив Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² _порядкС " -"Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΎΠ² сСти_. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях это ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ способ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ (" -"Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ассСмблСрС). Однако Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв " +"Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΎΠ² сСти_. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях это ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ способ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ " +"(Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ассСмблСрС). Однако Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв " "это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ." #. type: Plain text @@ -1525,10 +1527,10 @@ msgstr "Наш ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚" #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:550 msgid "" "We now know enough to write a very simple client, one that will get current " -"time from `192.43.244.18` and print it to [.filename]#stdout#." +"time from `132.163.96.1` and print it to [.filename]#stdout#." msgstr "" "Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΌΡ‹ Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌ достаточно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простого ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя ΠΎΡ‚ `192.43.244.18` ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#stdout#." +"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ врСмя ΠΎΡ‚ `132.163.96.1` ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#stdout#." #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:564 @@ -1600,7 +1602,7 @@ msgstr " memset(&sa, '\\0', sizeof(sa));\n" msgid "" " sa.sin_family = AF_INET;\n" " sa.sin_port = htons(13);\n" -" sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((((((192 << 8) | 43) << 8) | 244) << 8) | 18);\n" +" sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((((((132 << 8) | 163) << 8) | 96) << 8) | 1);\n" " if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof sa) < 0) {\n" " perror(\"connect\");\n" " close(s);\n" @@ -1609,7 +1611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" " sa.sin_family = AF_INET;\n" " sa.sin_port = htons(13);\n" -" sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((((((192 << 8) | 43) << 8) | 244) << 8) | 18);\n" +" sa.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((((((132 << 8) | 163) << 8) | 96) << 8) | 1);\n" " if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof sa) < 0) {\n" " perror(\"connect\");\n" " close(s);\n" @@ -1842,7 +1844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΡΠ»Ρ‹ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², отвСчая " "Π½Π° Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ установили соСдинСниС с вашим ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ соСдинСниС " -"остаСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ваш ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ повСситС Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΊΡƒ." +"остаётся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ваш ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ повСситС Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΊΡƒ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:672 @@ -1882,8 +1884,8 @@ msgid "" "What happens to the old socket? It continues to listen for more requests " "(remember the `backlog` variable we passed to `listen`?) until we `close` it." msgstr "" -"Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит со старым сокСтом? Он ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ запросы (" -"ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ `backlog`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² `listen`?), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ " +"Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит со старым сокСтом? Он ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ запросы " +"(ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ `backlog`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² `listen`?), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ " "Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ (`close`)." #. type: Plain text @@ -1921,8 +1923,8 @@ msgid "" "program invoked it)." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго достигаСтся созданиСм _Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ процСсса_ послС привязки " -"ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ основной процСсс Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ (" -"ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, которая Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π»Π°)." +"ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ основной процСсс Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ " +"(ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, которая Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π»Π°)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:701 @@ -2144,8 +2146,7 @@ msgid "" " tm->tm_sec);\n" msgstr "" " tm = gmtime(&t);\n" -" fprintf(client, \"%.4i-%.2i-%.2iT%.2i:%.2i:%.2iZ\\n" -"\",\n" +" fprintf(client, \"%.4i-%.2i-%.2iT%.2i:%.2i:%.2iZ\\n\",\n" " tm->tm_year + 1900,\n" " tm->tm_mon + 1,\n" " tm->tm_mday,\n" @@ -2187,20 +2188,20 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:806 msgid "" -"Its value is `0`. Since we have just used `bzero` on the entire structure, " -"it would be redundant to set it to `0` again. But if we port our code to " -"some other system where INADDR_ANY is perhaps not a zero, we need to assign " -"it to `sa.sin_addr.s_addr`. Most modern C compilers are clever enough to " -"notice that INADDR_ANY is a constant. As long as it is a zero, they will " -"optimize the entire conditional statement out of the code." +"Its value is `0`. Since we have just used `memset` to set zeroes on the " +"entire structure, it would be redundant to set it to `0` again. But if we " +"port our code to some other system where INADDR_ANY is perhaps not a zero, " +"we need to assign it to `sa.sin_addr.s_addr`. Most modern C compilers are " +"clever enough to notice that INADDR_ANY is a constant. As long as it is a " +"zero, they will optimize the entire conditional statement out of the code." msgstr "" -"Π•Π³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ `0`. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использовали `bzero` для " -"всСй структуры, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ снова ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² `0`. Но Ссли ΠΌΡ‹ " -"пСрСнСсСм наш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ систСму, Π³Π΄Π΅ INADDR_ANY, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ " -"Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ `sa.sin_addr.s_addr`. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ " -"соврСмСнных компиляторов C достаточно ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ INADDR_ANY β€” " -"это константа. Пока ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ всС условноС Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " -"ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°." +"Π•Π³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ `0`. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использовали `memset`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " +"ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² 0 всС Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Ρ‹ структуры, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ снова ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ " +"Π² `0`. Но Ссли ΠΌΡ‹ пСрСнСсём наш ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ систСму, Π³Π΄Π΅ INADDR_ANY, " +"Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ `sa.sin_addr.s_addr`. " +"Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ соврСмСнных компиляторов C достаточно ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"INADDR_ANY β€” это константа. Пока ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π° Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ всС " +"условноС Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/sockets/_index.adoc:810 @@ -2369,8 +2370,8 @@ msgid "" "customary to end the names of daemons with the letter `d`). After you have " "compiled it, try running it:" msgstr "" -"Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ сохранитС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#daytimed.c# (" -"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±ΡƒΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠΉ `d`). ПослС компиляции ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ " +"Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ сохранитС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#daytimed.c# " +"(ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±ΡƒΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠΉ `d`). 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:20:03 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 8064e597fa - main - update translation of books/faq to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 8064e597fa8578802bf90d06d2670413662f5840 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:20:03 +0000 Message-Id: <69b695e3.247e7.66eeefcf@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=8064e597fa8578802bf90d06d2670413662f5840 commit 8064e597fa8578802bf90d06d2670413662f5840 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:19:49 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:19:49 +0000 update translation of books/faq to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55583 --- documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.adoc | 24 +++---- documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.po | 90 +++++++++++++------------- 2 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.adoc index 09fff555eb..2ee5cbd7d4 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.adoc @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ FreeBSD β€” это ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ опСрационная сист FreeBSD - это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ сообщСством ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ структуру. Π•Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ сообщСством ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ†Π΅Π², Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ совмСстно Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π°Π΄ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ возмоТностСй ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. -ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ исходных тСкстов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (Core Team) ΠΈΠ· дСвяти Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ. +ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ исходных тСкстов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ (Core Team) ΠΈΠ· дСвяти Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ совмСстный ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π° сообщСство ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ для успСха ΠΈ долголСтия FreeBSD Π² качСствС Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ устойчивой UNIX-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ FreeBSD - это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, [[bsd-license-restrictions]] === Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ ограничСния Π² Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD? -FreeBSD распространяСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ https://www.FreeBSD.org/copyright/freebsd-license/[BSD License], извСстной своим Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. +FreeBSD распространяСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/copyright/freebsd-license/[BSD License], извСстной своим Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Данная лицСнзия Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° использованиС FreeBSD: @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ FreeBSD распространяСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ https://www.F ЛицСнзия ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ свободно ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD, *Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈ обязанным ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свои измСнСния ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄*. Однако Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… условий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сохранСниС ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ увСдомлСния ΠΎΠ± авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π· ΠΎΡ‚ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распространСнии FreeBSD. Π’ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, лицСнзия BSD прСдоставляСт Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ свободы ΠΈ гибкости, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спСктра ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². -Код Π² нашСм Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходников, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиС https://www.FreeBSD.org/copyright/COPYING[GNU General Public License (GPL)] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ https://www.FreeBSD.org/copyright/COPYING.LIB[GNU Library General Public License (LGPL)], сопровоТдаСтся нСсколько большими ограничСниями, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π² части обСспСчСния доступа, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ситуации. +Код Π² нашСм Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиС https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/copyright/COPYING[GNU General Public License (GPL)] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/copyright/COPYING.LIB[GNU Library General Public License (LGPL)], сопровоТдаСтся нСсколько большими ограничСниями, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π² части обСспСчСния доступа, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ситуации. [[replace-current-OS]] === ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ FreeBSD Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ мою Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму? @@ -195,9 +195,9 @@ FreeBSD-CURRENT β€” это ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π’Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° FreeBSD-STABLE β€” это Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с CURRENT. Она содСрТит ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ тСстированиС ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ слияниСм Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ RELEASE. STABLE β€” Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ FreeBSD, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ срСду, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ CURRENT. [[release-freq]] -=== Когда выходят выпуски FreeBSD? +=== Когда выходят вСрсии FreeBSD? -ВСрсия {re} выпускаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 18 мСсяцСв ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ β€” Π² срСднСм ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 8 мСсяцСв. Π”Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ выпуска ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ протСстированы. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ выпуском проводится ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ тСстирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. +{re} выпускаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 18 мСсяцСв ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ β€” Π² срСднСм ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 8 мСсяцСв. Π”Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ выпуска ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ протСстированы. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ выпуском проводится ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ тСстирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. [[snapshot-freq]] === Когда ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ снимки состояния FreeBSD? @@ -226,14 +226,14 @@ FreeBSD-CURRENT β€” это ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² [[hardware]] == ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Β«ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» рассматриваСтся ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ конфигурациями. Он ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСссоров, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Wi-Fi-Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с сСтСвыми ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ 10 Gigabit Ethernet. НСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, планируСтся Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ FreeBSD Π½Π° сСрвСрах, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… станциях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ спСциализированном ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, этот Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ прСдставлСниС ΠΎ возмоТностях ΠΈ ограничСниях FreeBSD, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ Ρ‚авляя ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ настройкС оборудования. +Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Β«ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» рассматриваСтся ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ конфигурациями. Он ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСссоров, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Wi-Fi-Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с сСтСвыми ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ 10 Gigabit Ethernet. НСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, планируСтся Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Ρ‘Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ FreeBSD Π½Π° сСрвСрах, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… станциях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ спСциализированном ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, этот Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ прСдставлСниС ΠΎ возмоТностях ΠΈ ограничСниях FreeBSD, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ Ρ‚авляя ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ настройкС оборудования. [[architectures-support]] === КакиС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ FreeBSD? FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ спСктр Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСд. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ распространяСтся Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `amd64`, `arm64`, `riscv` ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅. -ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/platforms/[ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ]. +ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/platforms/[ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ]. [[ram-support]] === Бколько ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ FreeBSD? @@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ FreeBSD ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ опСрационная систСма ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ [[wifi-support]] === КакиС Wi-Fi ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ FreeBSD? -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, которая быстро мСняСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° 2025 Π³ΠΎΠ΄, поэтому рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Бписок совмСстимого оборудования для Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ link:https://www.freebsd.org/releases/[Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°]. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, которая быстро мСняСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° 2025 Π³ΠΎΠ΄, поэтому рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Бписок совмСстимого оборудования для Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ link:https://www.freebsd.org/ru/releases/[Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°]. Бписок устройств PCIe Wi-Fi, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² FreeBSD: @@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ FreeBSD обСспСчиваСт Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ сСтСв Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ ссылкС link:https://wiki.freebsd.org/Networking/10GbE[FreeBSD Wiki]. [[documentation-support]] -== ДокумСнтация ΠΈ ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° +== ДокумСнтация ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Π’ этом Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ прСдставлСны ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ рСсурсы для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ свои знания ΠΎ FreeBSD. Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ для изучСния FreeBSD, Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ коммСрчСского обучСния ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ устройства FreeBSD, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π² сообщСствС FreeBSD. @@ -299,14 +299,14 @@ FreeBSD обСспСчиваСт Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ сСтСв [[training]] === Π“Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ коммСрчСскоС ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ FreeBSD? -Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD, нСсколько коммСрчСских поставщиков ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ услуги. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/commercial/[список ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ], Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ. +Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD, нСсколько коммСрчСских поставщиков ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ услуги. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/ru/commercial/[список ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ], Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ. [[learn-advanced]] === Как ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большС ΠΎ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ устройствС FreeBSD? Для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ изучСния Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ устройства FreeBSD заинтСрСсованныС Π»ΠΈΡ†Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ рСсурсам, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "FreeBSD: Π”ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° (The Design And Implementation Of The FreeBSD Operating System)". Π•Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ источником ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ являСтся extref:{arch-handbook}[Руководство ΠΏΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ FreeBSD], ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ прСдоставляСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ свСдСния ΠΎΠ± Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ FreeBSD, ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ систСмы ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… проСктирования -ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD, доступного Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ исходных тСкстов FreeBSD, Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС ΠΎΠ± основных ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. +ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD, доступного Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ исходных тСкстов FreeBSD, Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС ΠΎΠ± основных ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. [[help-freebsd-system]] === Как ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π² систСмС FreeBSD? @@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ bindkey ^[[3~ delete-char # for xterm [[free-memory-amount]] === Бколько свободной памяти доступно? -БущСствуСт нСсколько Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² "свободной памяти". НаиболСС распространСнный - это объСм памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ доступСн Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π±Π΅Π· освобоТдСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ свободных страниц плюс Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ объСм отобраТаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· `vm.stats.vm.v_free_count` man:sysctl[8] ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, выводится man:top[1]. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ "свободной памяти" - это ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ объСм Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, доступной ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссам, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ суммы swap-пространства ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ опрСдСлСния "св ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти", Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… описаниС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ бСсполСзно; Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ частота ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исчСрпания swap-пространства. +БущСствуСт нСсколько Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² "свободной памяти". НаиболСС распространённый - это ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ доступСн Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π±Π΅Π· освобоТдСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ свободных страниц плюс Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ отобраТаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· `vm.stats.vm.v_free_count` man:sysctl[8] ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, выводится man:top[1]. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ "свободной памяти" - это ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, доступной ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссам, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ суммы ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π »Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ "свободной памяти", Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… описаниС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ бСсполСзно; Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ частота ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исчСрпания пространства ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. [[timezone]] === МоС врСмя ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ я ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ часовой пояс? diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.po index 9dc7063cdb..020067bdcd 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/faq/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-06-29 21:20+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:89 #, no-wrap -msgid "What uses cases is FreeBSD good for?" +msgid "What use cases is FreeBSD good for?" msgstr "Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ FreeBSD?" #. type: Plain text @@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " "развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ исходных тСкстов, " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (Core Team) ΠΈΠ· дСвяти Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ." +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ (Core Team) ΠΈΠ· дСвяти Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:106 @@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ msgid "" "FreeBSD is distributed under the https://www.FreeBSD.org/copyright/freebsd-" "license/[BSD License], which is known for its permissive nature." msgstr "" -"FreeBSD распространяСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ https://www.FreeBSD.org/copyright/" +"FreeBSD распространяСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/copyright/" "freebsd-license/[BSD License], извСстной своим Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ." #. type: Plain text @@ -335,11 +335,12 @@ msgid "" "with slightly more strings attached though, at least on the side of enforced " "access rather than the usual opposite." msgstr "" -"Код Π² нашСм Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходников, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиС https://www.FreeBSD." -"org/copyright/COPYING[GNU General Public License (GPL)] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ https://www." -"FreeBSD.org/copyright/COPYING.LIB[GNU Library General Public License " -"(LGPL)], сопровоТдаСтся нСсколько большими ограничСниями, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π² " -"части обСспСчСния доступа, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ситуации." +"Код Π² нашСм Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиС https://www." +"FreeBSD.org/ru/copyright/COPYING[GNU General Public License (GPL)] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/copyright/COPYING.LIB[GNU Library General Public " +"License (LGPL)], сопровоТдаСтся нСсколько большими ограничСниями, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ " +"ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Π² части обСспСчСния доступа, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ " +"ситуации." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:133 @@ -618,8 +619,8 @@ msgstr "" "ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, FreeBSD Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступСн Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ " "сайты, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ обСспСчиваСт Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ. " "ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°Π΄Ρ‘ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ источником для получСния послСдних выпусков ΠΈ " -"ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ FreeBSD являСтся link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/where/[" -"ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сайт], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ идСальной ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° " +"ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ FreeBSD являСтся link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/where/" +"[ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сайт], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ идСальной ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с FreeBSD." #. type: Title === @@ -703,7 +704,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:229 #, no-wrap msgid "When are FreeBSD releases made of?" -msgstr "Когда выходят выпуски FreeBSD?" +msgstr "Когда выходят вСрсии FreeBSD?" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:234 @@ -715,12 +716,12 @@ msgid "" "precedes each release, to ensure that the addition of new features does not " "compromise the stability of the release." msgstr "" -"ВСрсия {re} выпускаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 18 " -"мСсяцСв ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ β€” Π² срСднСм ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 8 мСсяцСв. Π”Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ " -"выпуска ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ " -"Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ протСстированы. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ выпуском проводится " -"ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ тСстирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ " -"Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°." +"{re} выпускаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 18 мСсяцСв ΠΈ " +"Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ β€” Π² срСднСм ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 8 мСсяцСв. Π”Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ выпуска " +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ протСстированы. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ выпуском проводится ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ " +"тСстирования, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ " +"ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:236 @@ -844,11 +845,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Β«ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» рассматриваСтся ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " "Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ конфигурациями. Он ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, " "ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСссоров, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Wi-Fi-" "Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с сСтСвыми ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ 10 Gigabit Ethernet. " -"НСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, планируСтся Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ FreeBSD Π½Π° сСрвСрах, " -"Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… станциях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ спСциализированном ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, этот Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " +"НСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, планируСтся Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Ρ‘Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ FreeBSD Π½Π° сСрвСрах, " +"Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… станциях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ спСциализированном ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, этот Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ " "прСдставлСниС ΠΎ возмоТностях ΠΈ ограничСниях FreeBSD, прСдоставляя ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ " "ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ настройкС оборудования." @@ -876,7 +877,7 @@ msgid "" "www.FreeBSD.org/platforms/[platforms page]." msgstr "" "ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС link:https://" -"www.FreeBSD.org/platforms/[ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ]." +"www.FreeBSD.org/ru/platforms/[ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ]." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:282 @@ -960,8 +961,8 @@ msgid "" "releases/[release]." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, которая быстро мСняСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° 2025 Π³ΠΎΠ΄, поэтому " -"рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Бписок совмСстимого оборудования для Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"link:https://www.freebsd.org/releases/[Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°]." +"рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Бписок совмСстимого оборудования для Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ link:" +"https://www.freebsd.org/ru/releases/[Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°]." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:309 @@ -974,8 +975,8 @@ msgid "" "Intel chipset devices covered by man:iwlwifi[4] (high-speed as of FreeBSD " "14.3)" msgstr "" -"Устройства Π½Π° чипсСтах Intel, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ man:iwlwifi[4] (" -"высокоскоростныС β€” начиная с FreeBSD 14.3)" +"Устройства Π½Π° чипсСтах Intel, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ man:iwlwifi[4] " +"(высокоскоростныС β€” начиная с FreeBSD 14.3)" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:312 @@ -1056,7 +1057,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:333 #, no-wrap msgid "Documentation and Support" -msgstr "ДокумСнтация ΠΈ ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ°" +msgstr "ДокумСнтация ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ°" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:337 @@ -1132,8 +1133,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD, " "нСсколько коммСрчСских поставщиков ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ услуги. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ " -"FreeBSD Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/commercial/[список ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ], Ρƒ " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ." +"FreeBSD Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ link:https://www.freebsd.org/ru/commercial/[список ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ], " +"Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:356 @@ -1166,7 +1167,7 @@ msgid "" "system's core components." msgstr "" "ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD, доступного Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ " -"исходных тСкстов FreeBSD, Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС ΠΎΠ± основных ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… " +"исходных тСкстов FreeBSD, Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС ΠΎΠ± основных ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… " "ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы." #. type: Title === @@ -1516,16 +1517,17 @@ msgid "" "to define these, but rather it is important to make sure that the paging " "rate is kept low, and to avoid running out of swap space." msgstr "" -"БущСствуСт нСсколько Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² \"свободной памяти\". НаиболСС распространСнный " -"- это объСм памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ доступСн Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π±Π΅Π· освобоТдСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ " +"БущСствуСт нСсколько Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² \"свободной памяти\". НаиболСС распространённый -" +" это ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ доступСн Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π±Π΅Π· освобоТдСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ " "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ свободных страниц плюс Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ " -"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ объСм отобраТаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· `vm.stats." -"vm.v_free_count` man:sysctl[8] ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, выводится man:top[1]. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ " -"Π²ΠΈΠ΄ \"свободной памяти\" - это ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ объСм Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, доступной " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссам, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ суммы swap-пространства ΠΈ " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ опрСдСлСния \"свободной памяти\", Π½ΠΎ " -"ΠΈΡ… описаниС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ бСсполСзно; Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " -"частота ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исчСрпания swap-пространства." +"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ отобраТаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· `vm.stats.vm" +".v_free_count` man:sysctl[8] ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, выводится man:top[1]. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ " +"\"свободной памяти\" - это ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, доступной " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссам, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ суммы ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ " +"ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ опрСдСлСния \"свободной памяти\", " +"Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… описаниС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ бСсполСзно; Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " +"частота ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исчСрпания пространства " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:482 @@ -1641,9 +1643,9 @@ msgid "" "Use of the BSD Daemon Figure] for detailed usage terms." msgstr "" "Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. Π”Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ BSD Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ авторским ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π»Π»Π° ΠšΠΈΡ€ΠΊΠ° ΠœΠ°ΠΊΠšΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ°. " -"ΠžΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с Π΅Π³ΠΎ http://www.mckusick.com/beastie/mainpage/copyright.html[" -"ЗаявлСниСм ΠΎΠ± использовании изобраТСния Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π° BSD] для получСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… " -"условий использования." +"ΠžΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с Π΅Π³ΠΎ http://www.mckusick.com/beastie/mainpage/copyright." +"html[ЗаявлСниСм ΠΎΠ± использовании изобраТСния Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π° BSD] для получСния " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… условий использования." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/faq/_index.adoc:524 From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:29:12 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYbbD4JvFz6VdQ6 for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:29:12 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYbbD3dsHz3mk0 for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:29:12 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: a29db952d6 - main - update translation of books/fdp-primer to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: a29db952d6aa029646fa8b6a44c457fdb78783b4 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:29:12 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69808.25a98.19cdf914@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=a29db952d6aa029646fa8b6a44c457fdb78783b4 commit a29db952d6aa029646fa8b6a44c457fdb78783b4 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:28:49 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:28:49 +0000 update translation of books/fdp-primer to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55584 --- .../fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc | 18 +++--- .../books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.po | 22 +++---- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc | 10 +-- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.po | 73 +++++++++------------- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/examples/_index.adoc | 3 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc | 20 +++--- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.po | 23 +++---- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.po | 8 +-- .../books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.po | 10 +-- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/structure/_index.po | 4 +- .../content/ru/books/fdp-primer/tools/_index.po | 4 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.adoc | 10 +-- .../content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.po | 14 ++--- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/working-copy/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/working-copy/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/writing-style/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/fdp-primer/writing-style/_index.po | 6 +- 25 files changed, 129 insertions(+), 144 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc index df789f4530..57fd919819 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc @@ -86,22 +86,22 @@ To remove */tmp/foo*, use man:rm[1]. Asciidoctor ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ². Если Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° `article`, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ уровня 0 (`=`). Если Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° `book`, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ² уровня 0 (`=`). -Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² `article`. +Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° `article`. .... -= НазваниС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 0) += Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 0) -== Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 1 НазваниС Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° +== Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 1 -=== Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 2 Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ +=== Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 2 -==== Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 3 Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ +==== Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 3 -===== Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 4 Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ +===== Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 4 -====== Level 5 Section Title +====== Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 5 -== Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ уровня +== Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 1 .... [WARNING] @@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ image::new-image3.png[New step in the FreeBSD install process] [[asciidoctor-icons]] === Иконки -Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ слуТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΡƒΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ понятными символами для быстрого распознавания ΠΈ Π½Π°Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +Иконки слуТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΡƒΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ понятными символами для быстрого распознавания ΠΈ Π½Π°Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ шагом для использования ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ являСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ свойства `icons` Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» свойств Asciidoctor Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.po index 748692feb0..ac0a8a7104 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-05 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -188,48 +188,48 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:106 msgid "This is an example of headings in an `article`." -msgstr "Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² `article`." +msgstr "Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° `article`." #. type: Title = #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "Document Title (Level 0)" -msgstr "НазваниС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 0)" +msgstr "Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 0)" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 1 Section Title" -msgstr "Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 1 НазваниС Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°" +msgstr "Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 1" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 2 Section Title" -msgstr "Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 2 Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ" +msgstr "Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 2" #. type: Title ==== #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 3 Section Title" -msgstr "Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 3 Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ" +msgstr "Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 3" #. type: Title ===== #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 4 Section Title" -msgstr "Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ 4 Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ" +msgstr "Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 4" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:119 msgid "====== Level 5 Section Title" -msgstr "====== Level 5 Section Title" +msgstr "====== Π—Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 5" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "Another Level 1 Section Title" -msgstr "Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ уровня" +msgstr "Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 1" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:126 @@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ msgstr "Иконки" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/asciidoctor-primer/_index.adoc:340 msgid "Icons serve as intuitive symbols for quick recognition and navigation." msgstr "" -"Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ слуТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΡƒΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ понятными символами для быстрого распознавания ΠΈ " +"Иконки слуТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚ΡƒΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ понятными символами для быстрого распознавания ΠΈ " "Π½Π°Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc index e5a8ee2961..2930034209 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ endif::[] .... Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСр ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° `localhost`, ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ `1313`. -Для обслуТивания ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра Hugo, привязанного ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ IP-адрСсу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρƒ: +Для обслуТивания ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра Hugo, привязанного ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ IP-адрСсу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρƒ: [source, shell] .... @@ -258,8 +258,8 @@ endif::[] .... # Generate the FreeBSD documentation # -# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, The FreeBSD Documentation Project -# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Sergio Carlavilla +# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, The FreeBSD Documentation Project +# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, Sergio Carlavilla # # Targets intended for use on the command line # @@ -548,8 +548,8 @@ epub-articles-clean: .... # Generate the FreeBSD website # -# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, The FreeBSD Documentation Project -# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Sergio Carlavilla +# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, The FreeBSD Documentation Project +# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, Sergio Carlavilla # # Targets intended for use on the command line # diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.po index 5698f197dd..6669825df9 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-02-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -207,9 +207,7 @@ msgstr "НиТС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ слоТных сборок:" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "Build English and Spanish documentation with verbose and debug messages" -msgstr "" -"Π‘ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° английском ΠΈ испанском языках с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ " -"ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сообщСниями" +msgstr "Π‘ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° английском ΠΈ испанском языках с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сообщСниями" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:126 @@ -249,7 +247,7 @@ msgid "" "address and port:" msgstr "" "Для обслуТивания ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра Hugo, " -"привязанного ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ IP-адрСсу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρƒ:" +"привязанного ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ IP-адрСсу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρƒ:" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:145 @@ -397,7 +395,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:229 msgid "This will build all English and French books in pdf." -msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ собСрСт всС ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° английском ΠΈ французском языках Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ pdf." +msgstr "" +"Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ собСрСт всС ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° английском ΠΈ французском языках Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ pdf." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:232 @@ -501,8 +500,8 @@ msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ [.filename]#Makefile# ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ: msgid "" "# Generate the FreeBSD documentation\n" "#\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Sergio Carlavilla \n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, Sergio Carlavilla \n" "#\n" "# Targets intended for use on the command line\n" "#\n" @@ -524,8 +523,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "# Generate the FreeBSD documentation\n" "#\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Sergio Carlavilla \n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, Sergio Carlavilla \n" "#\n" "# Targets intended for use on the command line\n" "#\n" @@ -577,8 +576,7 @@ msgid "" "ALL_LANGUAGES=\tbn-bd da de el en es fr hu it ja ko mn nl pl pt-br ru tr zh-cn zh-tw <.>\n" msgstr "" "# List of all languages we have content for\n" -"ALL_LANGUAGES=\tbn-bd da de el en es fr hu it ja ko mn nl pl pt-br ru tr zh-" -"cn zh-tw <.>\n" +"ALL_LANGUAGES=\tbn-bd da de el en es fr hu it ja ko mn nl pl pt-br ru tr zh-cn zh-tw <.>\n" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:294 @@ -621,8 +619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" ".if defined(DOC_LANG) && !empty(DOC_LANG)\n" "LANGUAGES=\t${DOC_LANG:S/,/ /g}\n" -".if ${LANGUAGES:Men} == \"\" && ${.TARGETS:Mpdf*} == \"\" && ${." -"TARGETS:Mhtml*} == \"\"\n" +".if ${LANGUAGES:Men} == \"\" && ${.TARGETS:Mpdf*} == \"\" && ${.TARGETS:Mhtml*} == \"\"\n" ".warning \"Warning: cannot skip 'en'; adding it back\"\n" "LANGUAGES+=\ten\n" ".endif\n" @@ -805,8 +802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "requirements-pdf:\n" ".if !exists(${LOCALBASE}/bin/asciidoctor-pdf)\n" -"\t@(echo ${LOCALBASE}/bin/asciidoctor-pdf not found, please run 'pkg install " -"rubygem-asciidoctor-pdf'; exit 1)\n" +"\t@(echo ${LOCALBASE}/bin/asciidoctor-pdf not found, please run 'pkg install rubygem-asciidoctor-pdf'; exit 1)\n" ".endif\n" #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -820,8 +816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "requirements-epub:\n" ".if !exists(${LOCALBASE}/bin/asciidoctor-epub3)\n" -"\t@(echo ${LOCALBASE}/bin/asciidoctor-epub3 not found, please run 'pkg " -"install rubygem-asciidoctor-epub3'; exit 1)\n" +"\t@(echo ${LOCALBASE}/bin/asciidoctor-epub3 not found, please run 'pkg install rubygem-asciidoctor-epub3'; exit 1)\n" ".endif\n" #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -868,8 +863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "run-local: .PHONY <.>\n" "\tHUGO_DISABLELANGUAGES=\"${SKIP_LANGS}\" ${HUGO_CMD} server \\\n" -"\t\t${HUGO_ARGS} -D $(BIND:D--bind=$(BIND)) --baseURL=\"http://$(.HOST):" -"1313\"\n" +"\t\t${HUGO_ARGS} -D $(BIND:D--bind=$(BIND)) --baseURL=\"http://$(.HOST):1313\"\n" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:400 @@ -924,8 +918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "#\n" "# PDF targets\n" -"# Use DOC_LANG to choose the language, e.g., make DOC_LANG=\"en fr\" pdf-" -"books\n" +"# Use DOC_LANG to choose the language, e.g., make DOC_LANG=\"en fr\" pdf-books\n" "#\n" "pdf: pdf-articles pdf-books\n" @@ -1015,8 +1008,7 @@ msgstr "" "#\n" "# HTML targets\n" "#\n" -"html: build-offline html-clean-global html-clean-articles html-clean-books " -"html-archive html-archive-clean-files\n" +"html: build-offline html-clean-global html-clean-articles html-clean-books html-archive html-archive-clean-files\n" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:450 @@ -1102,8 +1094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "html-archive-clean-files:\n" ".if defined(DOC_HTML_ARCHIVE)\n" -"\tfind ${.CURDIR}/public/ ! -name '*.pdf' ! -name '*.tar.gz' -type f -" -"delete\n" +"\tfind ${.CURDIR}/public/ ! -name '*.pdf' ! -name '*.tar.gz' -type f -delete\n" "\tfind ${.CURDIR}/public/ -type d -empty -delete\n" ".endif\n" @@ -1119,8 +1110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "#\n" "# EPUB targets\n" -"# Use DOC_LANG to choose the language, e.g., make DOC_LANG=\"en fr\" epub-" -"books\n" +"# Use DOC_LANG to choose the language, e.g., make DOC_LANG=\"en fr\" epub-books\n" "#\n" "epub: epub-articles epub-books\n" @@ -1145,10 +1135,8 @@ msgstr "" "\t@echo ---------------------------------------------------------------\n" "\t@echo !!! EPUB output is experimental !!!\n" "\t@echo\n" -"\t@echo Asciidoctor EPUB3 is currently alpha software. Use accordingly. " -"Although the\n" -"\t@echo bulk of AsciiDoc content is converted, there’s still work needed to " -"fill in\n" +"\t@echo Asciidoctor EPUB3 is currently alpha software. Use accordingly. Although the\n" +"\t@echo bulk of AsciiDoc content is converted, there’s still work needed to fill in\n" "\t@echo gaps where conversion is incomplete or unstyled.\n" "\t@echo https://docs.asciidoctor.org/epub3-converter/latest/#project-status\n" "\t@echo ---------------------------------------------------------------\n" @@ -1177,10 +1165,8 @@ msgstr "" "\t@echo ---------------------------------------------------------------\n" "\t@echo !!! EPUB output is experimental !!!\n" "\t@echo\n" -"\t@echo Asciidoctor EPUB3 is currently alpha software. Use accordingly. " -"Although the\n" -"\t@echo bulk of AsciiDoc content is converted, there’s still work needed to " -"fill in\n" +"\t@echo Asciidoctor EPUB3 is currently alpha software. Use accordingly. Although the\n" +"\t@echo bulk of AsciiDoc content is converted, there’s still work needed to fill in\n" "\t@echo gaps where conversion is incomplete or unstyled.\n" "\t@echo https://docs.asciidoctor.org/epub3-converter/latest/#project-status\n" "\t@echo ---------------------------------------------------------------\n" @@ -1327,8 +1313,8 @@ msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ [.filename]#Makefile# ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄:" msgid "" "# Generate the FreeBSD website\n" "#\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Sergio Carlavilla \n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, Sergio Carlavilla \n" "#\n" "# Targets intended for use on the command line\n" "#\n" @@ -1342,8 +1328,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "# Generate the FreeBSD website\n" "#\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" -"# Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Sergio Carlavilla \n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, The FreeBSD Documentation Project\n" +"# Copyright (c) 2020-2026, Sergio Carlavilla \n" "#\n" "# Targets intended for use on the command line\n" "#\n" @@ -1513,8 +1499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "run-local: .PHONY <.>\n" "\tHUGO_DISABLELANGUAGES=\"${SKIP_LANGS}\" ${HUGO_CMD} server \\\n" -"\t ${HUGO_ARGS} -D $(BIND:D--bind=$(BIND)) --baseURL=\"http://$(.HOST):" -"1313\"\n" +"\t ${HUGO_ARGS} -D $(BIND:D--bind=$(BIND)) --baseURL=\"http://$(.HOST):1313\"\n" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/doc-build/_index.adoc:644 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc index 8b91e71811..ef1a92dc3a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ endif::[] УстановитС ΠΈΠ· package:editors/vim[], Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ слСдуйтС инструкциям ΠΏΠΎ настройкС Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ crossref:editor-config[editor-config-vim-config,ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ]. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ link:https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale[Ale], ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ link:https://langserver.org/[Language Server Protocol] для Vim. [[editor-config-vim-use]] -=== Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ +=== ИспользованиС Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ страниц Π‘ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ сочСтания клавиш для пСрСформатирования: @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ color ,red "^(([ ]{2})+|(TAB+))*[ ]{1}[^ ]{1}" .... [[editor-config-nano-use]] -=== Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ +=== ИспользованиС Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ запускС Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.po index de62082122..e3345037e6 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-10-21 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc:309 #, no-wrap msgid "Use" -msgstr "Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅" +msgstr "ИспользованиС" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/editor-config/_index.adoc:63 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/examples/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/examples/_index.adoc index 28f640fa52..e532956a45 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/examples/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/examples/_index.adoc @@ -98,8 +98,7 @@ ifeval::["{backend}" == "epub3"] :chapters-path: endif::[] -[abstract] -Аннотация +[abstract] Аннотация Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc index 54efa07ca7..c24148305a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ _Π”Π°Ρ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°_ сообщаСт Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ст Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡŽ BSD Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ руководства. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ лицСнзия доступна Π² extref:{committers-guide}[РуководствС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°]. [[manual-pages-markup-tricks]] -=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ +=== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π» ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° строкС с макросами. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: @@ -272,15 +272,15 @@ _Π”Π°Ρ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°_ сообщаСт Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ст .... [[manual-pages-markup-important-macros-organizational]] -==== ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠœΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‹ +==== ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ макросы НСкоторыС макросы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для опрСдСлСния логичСских Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² страницы руководства. [.informaltable] [cols="1,8", options="header"] |=== -| ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠœΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎ -| Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ +| ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ макрос +| ИспользованиС |`.Sh` @@ -308,28 +308,28 @@ _Π”Π°Ρ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°_ сообщаСт Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ст |=== [[manual-pages-markup-important-macros-inline]] -==== ВстроСнныС макросы +==== ВнутристрочныС макросы МногиС макросы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ тСкста Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ строк. [.informaltable] [cols="1,8", options="header"] |=== -| ВстроСнный макрос -| Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ +| Внутристрочный макрос +| ИспользованиС |`.Nm` |Имя (Name). -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌ использовании вызываСтся с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² качСствС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° для отобраТСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌ использовании вызываСтся с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² качСствС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° для отобраТСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. |`.Pa` |ΠŸΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ (Path to a file). -Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для обозначСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ. +Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для обозначСния ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ. |=== [[manual-pages-sample-structures]] -== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ структуры страницы руководства +== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ структуры страницы Π‘ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» дСмонстрируСт минимально ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ содСрТаниС man-страниц для Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… распространённых ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ руководств. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.po index 42eb20c732..b8bf2e5b38 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-08-17 20:54+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-10-29 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:279 #, no-wrap msgid "Markup Tricks" -msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ" +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:282 @@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ msgstr "% find /usr/share/man/man* | xargs zgrep '.Bd'\n" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:310 #, no-wrap msgid "Organizational Macros" -msgstr "ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠœΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‹" +msgstr "ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ макросы" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:313 @@ -843,14 +843,14 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:318 #, no-wrap msgid "Organizational Macro" -msgstr "ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠœΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎ" +msgstr "ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ макрос" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:321 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:357 #, no-wrap msgid "Use" -msgstr "Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅" +msgstr "ИспользованиС" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:322 @@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ msgstr "Π—Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (End display)." #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:346 #, no-wrap msgid "Inline Macros" -msgstr "ВстроСнныС макросы" +msgstr "ВнутристрочныС макросы" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:349 @@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ msgstr "МногиС макросы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:354 #, no-wrap msgid "Inline Macro" -msgstr "ВстроСнный макрос" +msgstr "Внутристрочный макрос" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:358 @@ -971,7 +971,8 @@ msgid "" "Called with a name as a parameter on the first use, then used later without the parameter to display the name that has already been defined." msgstr "" "Имя (Name).\n" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌ использовании вызываСтся с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² качСствС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° для отобраТСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ." +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌ использовании вызываСтся с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² качСствС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ " +"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° для отобраТСния ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ." #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:362 @@ -987,13 +988,13 @@ msgid "" "Used to mark up filenames and directory paths." msgstr "" "ΠŸΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ (Path to a file).\n" -"Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для обозначСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ." +"Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для обозначСния ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:367 #, no-wrap msgid "Sample Manual Page Structures" -msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ структуры страницы руководства" +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ структуры страницы Π‘ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/manual-pages/_index.adoc:370 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.adoc index ecb458f498..92cca6195b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.adoc @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ endif::[] Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, поТалуйста, сгСнСрируйтС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#.diff# ΠΈΠ· корня вашСго Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ====== + -Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ внСсСны измСнСния Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» *bsdinstall* Руководства. +Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ внСсСны измСнСния Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» *bsdinstall* Руководства. + . ΠžΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ diff-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π΅Π±-систСмы https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Documentation[Problem Report]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π²Π΅Π±-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Summary _[patch] ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹_. Π’Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Component `Documentation`. Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Description Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΡƒ btn:[Add an attachment], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ diff-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». НаконСц, Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΡƒ btn:[Submit Bug], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ваш diff Π² систСму ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…. ==== diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.po index 7684815641..8e4e597ad5 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/overview/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-12 21:52+0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-15 14:20+0300\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-05 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ msgid "" "In the example above, changes have been made to the *bsdinstall* portion of " "the Handbook." msgstr "" -"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ внСсСны измСнСния Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» *bsdinstall* " +"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ внСсСны измСнСния Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» *bsdinstall* " "Руководства." #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.adoc index da13159c69..c10f131973 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.adoc @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ endif::[] ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ языковой ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ с названиями ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ [.filename]#articles/# ΠΈ [.filename]#books/#. -ОбъСдинСниС этих ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅. НапримСр, французский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ NanoBSD находится Π² [.filename]#~/doc/documentation/content/fr/articles/nanobsd/#, Π° монгольский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Руководства β€” Π² [.filename]#~/doc/documentation/content/mn/books/handbook/#. +ОбъСдинСниС этих ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅. НапримСр, французский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ NanoBSD находится Π² [.filename]#~/doc/documentation/content/fr/articles/nanobsd/#, Π° монгольский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Руководства β€” Π² [.filename]#~/doc/documentation/content/mn/books/handbook/#. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ язык Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ языка. Если ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ языка ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сущСствуСт, достаточно ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ [.filename]#articles/# ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ [.filename]#books/#. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.po index 526a5af657..fb8286aa26 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/po-translations/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ msgid "" "Mongolian translation of the Handbook is in [.filename]#~/doc/documentation/" "content/mn/books/handbook/#." msgstr "" -"ОбъСдинСниС этих ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅. " +"ОбъСдинСниС этих ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅. " "НапримСр, французский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ NanoBSD находится Π² [.filename]#~/doc/" "documentation/content/fr/articles/nanobsd/#, Π° монгольский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ " "Руководства β€” Π² [.filename]#~/doc/documentation/content/mn/books/handbook/#." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc index 76a861edbe..9a66b8ead2 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc @@ -117,13 +117,13 @@ a| |=== [[preface-notes]] -== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹, ВаТная информация, ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ +== ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, совСты, ваТная информация, прСдупрСТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ -Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, прСдупрСТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² тСкстС. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, прСдупрСТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² тСкстС. [NOTE] ==== -Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ прСдставлСны ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ содСрТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ слСдуСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° дСйствия ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ прСдставлСны ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ содСрТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ слСдуСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° дСйствия ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. ==== [TIP] diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.po index ba4834ca76..d16acae579 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-06-01 06:10+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -239,12 +239,12 @@ msgstr "`$HOME` устанавливаСтся Π² домашний ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎ #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc:121 #, no-wrap msgid "Notes, Tips, Important Information, Warnings, and Examples" -msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹, ВаТная информация, ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹" +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, совСты, ваТная информация, прСдупрСТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc:124 msgid "Notes, warnings, and examples appear within the text." -msgstr "Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, прСдупрСТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² тСкстС." +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, прСдупрСТдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² тСкстС." #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/preface/_index.adoc:128 @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ msgid "" "Notes are represented like this, and contain information to take note of, as " "it may affect what the user does." msgstr "" -"Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ прСдставлСны ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ содСрТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ прСдставлСны ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ содСрТат ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ " "слСдуСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° дСйствия " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/structure/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/structure/_index.po index 0ae03c0f5a..6c4e97067e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/structure/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/structure/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-08-17 20:54+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/tools/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/tools/_index.po index ea562ebd2b..5fb7d7bd40 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/tools/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/tools/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-06-01 09:10+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc index 6296162519..40ae4a3cb7 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ https://git.FreeBSD.org/[git.FreeBSD.org] β€” это ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ `git` с https://www.FreeBSD.org/docproj/translations/[Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ] содСрТит список извСстных Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ пСрСводчСских ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ². Если ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ваш язык, поТалуйста, Π½Π΅ Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… усилия. ВмСсто этого ΡΠ²ΡΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ. -Если Π½Π° этой страницС Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ для вашСго языка, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π² список рассылки {freebsd-doc}, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ объявил ΠΎΠ± этом. +Если Π½Π° этой страницС Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ для вашСго языка, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π² список рассылки {freebsd-doc}, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ объявил ΠΎΠ± этом. == Никто Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΉ язык. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ? @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ https://www.FreeBSD.org/docproj/translations/[Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄. Π›ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСбольшого β€” Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с FAQ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· руководств. -== Π― ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π» Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ? +== Π― ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π» Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π². Если Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, с японской ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ†ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ), Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ свои ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ прСдставлСнной Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ описаны Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Π±-страницах. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.po index 80b1318939..c30bd92356 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-08-17 20:54+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-21 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Если Π½Π° этой страницС Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ для вашСго языка, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ " "сообщСниС Π² список рассылки {freebsd-doc}, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ " -"ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ объявил ΠΎΠ± этом." +"ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ объявил ΠΎΠ± этом." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc:121 @@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "I have translated some documentation, where do I send it?" -msgstr "Π― ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π» Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ?" +msgstr "Π― ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π» Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ?" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/translations/_index.adoc:140 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.adoc index b5dfdf1176..3f83d407df 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.adoc @@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ https://weblate.org/en/[Weblate] β€” это Π²Π΅Π±-ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π’ΠΎΡ‚ простыС шаги для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° статСй ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD. -. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π½Π° https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/[FreeBSD Weblate] с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ вашСго Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Π° GitHub. +. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π½Π° https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/[FreeBSD Weblate] с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ вашСго Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Π° GitHub. . ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° список рассылки {freebsd-translators}. . ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΈ попроситС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ языковой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅. Если языковая ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ сущСствуСт, попроситС ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘. БамопрСдставлСниС ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Оно ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠ°Π½ΡΡ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ доступа Π½Π° запись. . Π’ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/[Weblate] с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. . НайдитС ΡΠ·Ρ‹ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. -. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π² Bugzilla, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ послС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Pull Requests Π½Π° GitHub с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. +. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π² Bugzilla, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ послС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Pull Requests Π½Π° GitHub с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. [WARNING] ==== @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ You and the FreeBSD Project: (free format: other FreeBSD projects of image::weblate-login.png["Π›ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ½ Π² Webleate", 800] -Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ имя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись GitHub для Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. +Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ имя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись GitHub для Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ содСрТит ваши прСдпочтСния, имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹. Имя ΠΈ адрСс Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ…; сохраняйтС эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. @@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ image::weblate-revision2.png["Weblate РСвизия 02", 800] ==== .Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ измСнСния -Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ для раздСлСния Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… обновлСниях Π² локальном Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. +Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ для раздСлСния Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… обновлСниях Π² локальном Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. [source, console?prompt=%] .... @@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ pt-br/committers-guide: Sync with en XXXXXXX Add Korean translation of Leap Seconds article .... -ПослС выполнСния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ сообщСниС, Ссли man:git[1] Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» настроСн. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ инструкциям ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π² Weblate. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ шаг Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ для ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° участников. +ПослС выполнСния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ сообщСниС, Ссли man:git[1] Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» настроСн. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ инструкциям ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ имя ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π² Weblate. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ шаг Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ для ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° участников. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ вСсь ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚, просмотритС измСнСния, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ имя Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΈ адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.po index aaad32e2c1..6d8d8ffe7c 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ msgid "" "Create an account on the https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/[FreeBSD Weblate " "instance] with an email address or your GitHub account." msgstr "" -"Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π½Π° https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/[FreeBSD " +"Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π½Π° https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/[FreeBSD " "Weblate] с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ вашСго Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Π° GitHub." #. type: Plain text @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ msgid "" "document. The Documentation project is also accepting GitHub Pull Requests " "with translation submissions." msgstr "" -"Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π² Bugzilla, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ послС " +"Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись Π² Bugzilla, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ послС " "Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Pull " "Requests Π½Π° GitHub с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ." @@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ msgstr "weblate-login.png" #: documentation/content/en/books/fdp-primer/weblate/_index.adoc:115 msgid "Use a username, email address, or GitHub account to log in." msgstr "" -"Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ имя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись " +"Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ имя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, адрСс элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись " "GitHub для Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°." #. type: Plain text @@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ msgid "" "Create another branch to separate the work, which will help with future " *** 110 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:55:35 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYc9n0P02z6Vh51 for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:55:41 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYc9m6XZNz3pbQ for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:55:35 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 694bb02254 - main - update translation of articles/ to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 694bb02254ece16a4e96c32b9ab7fefeb9845577 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:55:35 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69e37.30619.584c560c@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=694bb02254ece16a4e96c32b9ab7fefeb9845577 commit 694bb02254ece16a4e96c32b9ab7fefeb9845577 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:55:15 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:55:15 +0000 update translation of articles/ to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55585 --- .../content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.po | 8 ++-- .../ru/articles/building-products/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/articles/building-products/_index.po | 6 +-- .../content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.po | 4 +- .../contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.adoc | 2 +- .../contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.po | 6 +-- documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.adoc | 12 +++--- documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.po | 16 ++++---- .../content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc | 6 +-- .../content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.po | 31 +++++++------- .../ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.po | 12 +++--- .../content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.adoc | 10 ++--- documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.po | 14 +++---- .../ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc | 12 +++--- .../ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.po | 26 ++++++------ .../content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc | 14 +++---- .../content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.po | 16 ++++---- .../content/ru/articles/freebsd-src-lsp/_index.po | 2 +- .../freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc | 14 +++---- .../freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po | 47 +++++++++++----------- .../ru/articles/freebsd-update-server/_index.adoc | 8 ++-- .../ru/articles/freebsd-update-server/_index.po | 12 +++--- .../content/ru/articles/geom-class/_index.adoc | 18 ++++----- .../content/ru/articles/geom-class/_index.po | 26 ++++++------ .../content/ru/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po | 2 +- 28 files changed, 169 insertions(+), 167 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.adoc index 579cf7d05e..079e07a998 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.adoc @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-license.php[GPL] β€” это слоТна [[origins-lgpl]] == Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Linux ΠΈ LGPL -Пока Π±ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ коммСрчСскиС Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ Unix, ядро Linux Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ Unix для ПК. Линус Π’ΠΎΡ€Π²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сущСствованиС компилятора GNU C ΠΈ связанных с Π½ΠΈΠΌ инструмСнтов GNU стало основой для появлСния Linux. Он выпустил ядро Linux ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ GPL. +Пока Π±ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ коммСрчСскиС Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ Unix, ядро Linux Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ Unix для ПК. Линус Π’ΠΎΡ€Π²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сущСствованиС компилятора GNU C ΠΈ связанных с Π½ΠΈΠΌ инструмСнтов GNU стало основой для появлСния Linux. Он выпустил ядро Linux ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ GPL. ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ лицСнзия GPL Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ любой ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, статичСски связанный с ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ GPL, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ распространялся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ GPL. Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдоставлСн ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ. Однако динамичСская Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ считаСтся Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ GPL. Π”Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ размСщСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Linux стало слишком ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ прилоТСния часто Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ связаны с систСмными Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ созданию ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии GPL ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php[LGPL] ("Library", ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² "Lesser" GPL). LGPL Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅ Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ связанным с Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΉ GNU C, glibc. Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» динамичСски связан с Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ LGPL. @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-license.php[GPL] β€” это слоТна Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ со статичСски связанными рСализациями мноТСства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартов, GPL часто являСтся Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ использованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ этих стандартов. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, GPL ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ количСство ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ созданы с использованиСм стандарта ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ GPL. ЛицСнзия GPL Π·Π°Π΄ΡƒΠΌΡ‹Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ стандарта, Π½Π° основС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹. (Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ относится ΠΊ прилоТСниям для Linux, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ, Π° вмСсто этого ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ API Π½Π° основС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²/Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡˆΠ΅ΠΊ.) -ЛицСнзия GPL пытаСтся Π·Π°ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ программистов Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² распространСнии ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ этого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°. Вакая ситуация нСрСалистична для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… стандартов ядра систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² самых Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдах, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… коммСрчСской настройки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с унаслСдованными стандартами ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π΅-GPL) лицСнзиями. БистСмы Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ часто статичСски ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, поэтому GPL ΠΈ LGPL ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ компаниями, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ с встраиваСмыми систСмами, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. +ЛицСнзия GPL пытаСтся Π·Π°ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ программистов Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² распространСнии ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ этого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°. Вакая ситуация нСрСалистична для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… стандартов ядра систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² самых Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдах, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… коммСрчСской настройки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с унаслСдованными стандартами ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π΅-GPL) лицСнзиями. БистСмы Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ часто статичСски ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, поэтому GPL ΠΈ LGPL ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ компаниями, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ с встраиваСмыми систСмами, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. GPL - это ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ усилия, нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ спроса, Π½Π° этапах исслСдований ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ максимизируСт Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ для исслСдоватСлСй ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ нСизвСстных Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°Ρ… для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ распространСния. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.po index 0626f2d061..441a4e994e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/bsdl-gpl/_index.po @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. # Edson Brandi , 2025. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2022-02-01 09:21-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ msgid "" "kernel under the GPL." msgstr "" "Пока Π±ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ коммСрчСскиС Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ Unix, ядро Linux Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ " -"Unix для ПК. Линус Π’ΠΎΡ€Π²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сущСствованиС компилятора GNU C ΠΈ " +"Unix для ПК. Линус Π’ΠΎΡ€Π²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сущСствованиС компилятора GNU C ΠΈ " "связанных с Π½ΠΈΠΌ инструмСнтов GNU стало основой для появлСния Linux. Он " "выпустил ядро Linux ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ GPL." @@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ msgstr "" "систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² самых Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдах, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… " "коммСрчСской настройки ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с унаслСдованными стандартами ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ " "ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π΅-GPL) лицСнзиями. БистСмы Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ часто " -"статичСски ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, поэтому GPL ΠΈ LGPL ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " +"статичСски ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, поэтому GPL ΠΈ LGPL ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " "ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ компаниями, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ с встраиваСмыми систСмами, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.adoc index f26b77090a..d974d5ed7f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.adoc @@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ This speeds up arg reduction by a factor of 2 for |x| between 3*pi/4 and ΠŸΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ пСрспСктиву:: НастройтС процСссы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ FreeBSD. НапримСр: + -*ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD.* ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ своСго SVN-рСпозитория с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ extref:{committers-guide}[svnsync, svn-advanced-use-setting-up-svnsync]. НаличиС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ истории исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ слоТных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ систСму контроля вСрсий, которая позволяСт Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ основной ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ FreeBSD ΠΈ вашим Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. +*ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD.* ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ своСго SVN-рСпозитория с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ extref:{committers-guide}[svnsync, svn-advanced-use-setting-up-svnsync]. НаличиС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ истории исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ слоТных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ систСму контроля вСрсий, которая позволяСт Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ основной ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ FreeBSD ΠΈ вашим Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. + crossref:building-products[fig-svn-blame, Аннотированный листинг исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, сгСнСрированный с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `svn blame`] ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ листинга Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ссылаСтся ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² crossref:building-products[fig-change-log, ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ записи Π² ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΡΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ строки исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ. АннотированныС листинги, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, входящСго Π² состав FreeBSD, https://svnweb.freebsd.org/[доступны Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅]. + diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.po index 06e304eb3e..f7f485fff7 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/building-products/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:30-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-10-29 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ msgstr "" "*ΠžΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD.* ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ своСго " "SVN-рСпозитория с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ extref:{committers-guide}[svnsync, svn-advanced-" "use-setting-up-svnsync]. НаличиС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ истории исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " -"ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ слоТных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… " +"ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ слоТных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… " "Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ систСму контроля вСрсий, которая позволяСт Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ " "ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ основной ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ FreeBSD ΠΈ вашим Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌ " "ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ.\n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.adoc index fc653fe0fc..5c0eca7084 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.adoc @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ https://www.freebsd.org/donations/[FreeBSD Donations Liaison] Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ h * {chuckr}. * ΠšΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Ρ‚ П. Бтокс ΠΈΠ· http://www.imagescape.com/[Imaginary Landscape, LLC.]. * Dmitry S. Kohmanyuk . -* http://www.cdrom.co.jp/[Laser5] ΠΈΠ· Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ (Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD CDROM ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°). +* http://www.cdrom.co.jp/[Laser5] ΠΈΠ· Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ (Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD CDROM ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°). * http://www.mmjp.or.jp/fuki/[Fuki Shuppan Publishing Co.] ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ _Hajimete no FreeBSD_ (FreeBSD, Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹) ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ FreeBSD ΠΈ XFree86. * http://www.ascii.co.jp/[ASCII Corp.] ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³, связанных с FreeBSD, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ FreeBSD. * http://www.yokogawa.co.jp/[Yokogawa Electric Corp] Ρ‰Π΅Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ прСдоставила Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ финансированиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ FreeBSD. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.po index 33b59e584d..c2bfd94acb 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-09-14 14:59-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ msgid "" "sales of their various FreeBSD CDROMs)." msgstr "" "http://www.cdrom.co.jp/[Laser5] ΠΈΠ· Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ (Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆ ΠΈΡ… " -"Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD CDROM ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°)." +"Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… FreeBSD CDROM ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/contributors/_index.adoc:186 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.adoc index b4f77d7c65..4fbdf80ecb 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.adoc @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ + Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· основатСлСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD ΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ» Π² состав core.0, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» пристрастным, ΠΈ Π½Π° протяТСнии ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π»Π΅Ρ‚ мноТСство Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ, совСтов ΠΈ мудрости. + -Π Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: "мягкиС", "Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅" ΠΈ "Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ", Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ: всСгда Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΡŒ шла Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…, Π½Π΅Π±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡƒΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ историчСском контСкстС, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартах β€” ΠΈ ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ… style(9). +Π Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: "мягкиС", "Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅" ΠΈ "Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ", Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ: всСгда Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΡŒ шла Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…, Π½Π΅Π±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡƒΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ историчСском контСкстС, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартах β€” ΠΈ ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ… style(9). + ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‘Π» большС Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² истории ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ истинный ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π± Π΅Π³ΠΎ влияния, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Β«Submitted byΒ», Β«Reviewed byΒ» ΠΈ Β«Pointed out byΒ». + diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.po index 37389ac2af..865e9143fe 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/contributors/contrib-develinmemoriam.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-03-28 20:31-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ msgid "" "code, the mistakes, the sloppy thinking, the missing historical context, the " "ambiguous standards - and the style(9) transgressions." msgstr "" -"Π Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: \"мягкиС\", \"Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅\" ΠΈ " +"Π Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ Π‘Ρ€ΡŽΡΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: \"мягкиС\", \"Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅\" ΠΈ " "\"Π±Ρ€ΡŽΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ\", Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ: всСгда Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΡŒ шла Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎ " "ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ…, Π½Π΅Π±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡƒΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ историчСском контСкстС, " "Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартах β€” ΠΈ ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ… style(9)." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.adoc index 1eaaabdd9d..d411f0903b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.adoc @@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ authors: email: chess@chessgriffin.com description: 'Как ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ CUPS Π² FreeBSD' tags: ["CUPS", "FreeBSD", "Guide", "configuration", "introduction"] -title: 'Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Unix Π½Π° FreeBSD' +title: 'Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Unix Π½Π° FreeBSD' trademarks: ["freebsd", "general"] --- -= Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Unix Π½Π° FreeBSD += Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Unix Π½Π° FreeBSD :doctype: article :toc: macro :toclevels: 1 @@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ endif::[] toc::[] [[printing-cups]] -== Знакомимся с Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ БистСмой ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (CUPS) +== Знакомимся с ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (CUPS) -Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (Common Unix Printing System, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сокращСнно CUPS), прСдоставляСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ срСду ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для UNIX(R) ΠΈ UNIX(R)-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. Она Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Easy Software Products, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ стандартноС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для всСх Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ UNIX(R). +Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (Common Unix Printing System, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сокращСнно CUPS), прСдоставляСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ срСду ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для UNIX(R) ΠΈ UNIX(R)-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. Она Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Easy Software Products, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ стандартноС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для всСх Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ UNIX(R). -Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» мСТсСтСвой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ (Internet Printing Protocol, IPP) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основу для управлСния заданиями Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ очСрСдями. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ частично ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹: LPD, SMB ΠΈ AppSocket (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ извСстный ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ JetDirect). CUPS Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ использования ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ Описании ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² (PostScript Printer Definition, PPD), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² UNIX(R) общСпринятыС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ CUPS идСально ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для совмСстного использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π² смСшанной срСдС ΠΈΠ· FreeBSD, Linux( R), Mac OS(R) X ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Windows(R). +Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» мСТсСтСвой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ (Internet Printing Protocol, IPP) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основу для управлСния заданиями Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ очСрСдями. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ частично ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹: LPD, SMB ΠΈ AppSocket (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ извСстный ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ JetDirect). CUPS Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ использования ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ Описании ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² (PostScript Printer Definition, PPD), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² UNIX(R) общСпринятыС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ CUPS идСально ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ для совмСстного использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π² смСшанной срСдС ΠΈΠ· FreeBSD, Linux( R), Mac OS(R) X ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Windows(R). -ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сайт Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ БистСмы ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX - http://www.cups.org/[http://www.cups.org/]. +ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сайт ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX - http://www.cups.org/[http://www.cups.org/]. [[printing-cups-install]] == Установка сСрвСра ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ CUPS diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.po index ab61fe6aeb..c2fa2b15fe 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/cups/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-21 14:43-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ msgstr "Как ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ CUPS Π² FreeBSD" #: documentation/content/en/articles/cups/_index.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "CUPS on FreeBSD" -msgstr "Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Unix Π½Π° FreeBSD" +msgstr "Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Unix Π½Π° FreeBSD" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/cups/_index.adoc:44 @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ msgstr "'''" #: documentation/content/en/articles/cups/_index.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "An Introduction to the Common Unix Printing System (CUPS)" -msgstr "Знакомимся с Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ БистСмой ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (CUPS)" +msgstr "Знакомимся с ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (CUPS)" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/cups/_index.adoc:56 @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ msgid "" "Products to promote a standard printing solution for all UNIX(R) vendors and " "users." msgstr "" -"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (Common Unix Printing System, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX (Common Unix Printing System, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " "сокращСнно CUPS), прСдоставляСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ срСду ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для UNIX(R) ΠΈ " "UNIX(R)-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. Она Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Easy " "Software Products, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ стандартноС Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для всСх " @@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ msgid "" "accessing printers in mixed environments of FreeBSD, Linux(R), Mac OS(R) X, " "or Windows(R)." msgstr "" -"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ БистСма ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» мСТсСтСвой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ (" +"Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ систСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» мСТсСтСвой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ (" "Internet Printing Protocol, IPP) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основу для управлСния заданиями Π½Π° " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ очСрСдями. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ частично ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹: LPD, " -"SMB ΠΈ AppSocket (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ извСстный ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ JetDirect). CUPS Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ " +"SMB ΠΈ AppSocket (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ извСстный ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ JetDirect). CUPS Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ " "ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ использования ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ " "Описании ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² (PostScript Printer Definition, PPD), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Π² UNIX(R) общСпринятыС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ CUPS идСально ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ " @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/cups/_index.adoc:63 msgid "The main site for CUPS is http://www.cups.org/[http://www.cups.org/]." msgstr "" -"ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сайт Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ БистСмы ΠŸΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX - http://www.cups.org/" +"ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сайт ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ UNIX - http://www.cups.org/" "[http://www.cups.org/]." #. type: Title == diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc index 58234dedf0..bb5d41adf9 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ __Π‘ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° C Π² BSD основываСтся Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ· Π‘Π΅ __НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ GNU, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ -- Π½Π΅Ρ‚.__ * БистСма X Window, ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Π·Π° графичСский интСрфСйс. + -БистСма X Window, которая ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ вСрсий BSD, поддСрТиваСтся http://www.X.org/[ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ X.Org]. FreeBSD Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства графичСских ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ GNOME, KDE ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Xfce; Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΅ Openbox, Fluxbox ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Awesome. +БистСма X Window, которая ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ вСрсий BSD, поддСрТиваСтся http://www.X.org/[ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ X.Org]. FreeBSD Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства графичСских ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ GNOME, KDE ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Xfce; Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΅ Openbox, Fluxbox ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Awesome. * ΠœΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ систСмных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ. [[what-a-real-unix]] @@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ __НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ GNU, Π° Π½Π΅ * _ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡŒΡŽΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹_ ΠΏΠΈΡˆΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. Они Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ нСпосрСдствСнно Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходников ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ привилСгия особым ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ зарСгистрированных Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ __ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² (committers)__, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ присылаСмый ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ. * _ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹_ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ доступ Π½Π° запись Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ исходных ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСбя Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ области, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. + -ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎ своСму собствСнному ΡƒΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния Π½ΠΈ с ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚ΡƒΡΡΡŒ. К ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ грамматичСскиС ошибки Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ согласования. Напротив, Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ просто слоТныС измСнСния Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ внСсСниСм Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ. Π‘Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ Core Team, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚_ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅. ВсС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅. -* _ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅_ (Core Team). Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… FreeBSD ΠΈ NetBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ совСты, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π˜Ρ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΈ обязанности Π½Π΅ всСгда Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ (хотя Π² порядкС Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ) Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² состав Core Team. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ слСдуСт Core Team, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Core Team ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ развития систСмы Π² большСй стСпСни, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ всС ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. +ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎ своСму собствСнному ΡƒΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния Π½ΠΈ с ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚ΡƒΡΡΡŒ. К ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ грамматичСскиС ошибки Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ согласования. Напротив, Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ просто слоТныС измСнСния Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ внСсСниСм Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ. Π‘Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team), Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚_ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅. ВсС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅. +* _Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°_ (Core Team). Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… FreeBSD ΠΈ NetBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ совСты, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π˜Ρ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΈ обязанности Π½Π΅ всСгда Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ (хотя Π² порядкС Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ) Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² состав Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ слСдуСт Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ развития систСмы Π² большСй стСпСни, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ всС ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ отличаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ принятого Π² Linux: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.po index 1eb428c949..6160527d8e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-09-09 18:13-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-10-30 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ msgid "" "managers like Openbox, Fluxbox, or Awesome." msgstr "" "БистСма X Window, которая ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ вСрсий BSD, " -"поддСрТиваСтся http://www.X.org/[ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ X.Org]. FreeBSD Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ " +"поддСрТиваСтся http://www.X.org/[ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ X.Org]. FreeBSD Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ " "Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства графичСских ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ GNOME, KDE " "ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Xfce; Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΅ Openbox, " "Fluxbox ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Awesome." @@ -478,11 +478,11 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ грамматичСскиС ошибки Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π±Π΅Π· " "ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ согласования. Напротив, Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ просто слоТныС " "измСнСния Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ " -"ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ внСсСниСм Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ. Π‘Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ Core " -"Team, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚_ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅. ВсС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ " -"ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной " -"ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅." +"ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ внСсСниСм Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ. Π‘Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ Основной " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team), Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " +"ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚_ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅. " +"ВсС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ " +"ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc:158 @@ -494,13 +494,14 @@ msgid "" "from one project to the other, but in general they have more say in the " "direction of the project than non-core team members have." msgstr "" -"_ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅_ (Core Team). Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… FreeBSD ΠΈ NetBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ " -"совСты, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π˜Ρ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΈ " -"обязанности Π½Π΅ всСгда Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ (хотя Π² порядкС Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ) " -"Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² состав Core Team. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°, " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ слСдуСт Core Team, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС " -"Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Core Team ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ развития систСмы Π² большСй " -"стСпСни, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ всС ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ." +"_Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°_ (Core Team). Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… FreeBSD ΠΈ NetBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " +"ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ совСты, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π˜Ρ… " +"Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΈ обязанности Π½Π΅ всСгда Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ (хотя Π² " +"порядкС Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ) Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² состав Основной " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ слСдуСт Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ " +"Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ развития систСмы Π² большСй стСпСни, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ всС ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ " +"Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/explaining-bsd/_index.adoc:160 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.adoc index 3c0cdfc399..d044335557 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.adoc @@ -215,11 +215,11 @@ add drop log all from any to any add deny all from 1.2.3.4/8 to any in via fxp0 .... -Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎΡ‚Π±Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π½Π΅, утвСрТдая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· нашСй сСти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ стандартная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° для прСдотвращСния ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° мСТсСтСвого экрана ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ врСдоносных ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ выглядят Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ сСти. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ_ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ хост Π½Π° внСшнСм интСрфСйсС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ нСльзя ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€. Однако ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ примСняСт антиспуфинг Π½Π° своСм ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ слишком Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ± этом. +Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎΡ‚Π±Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π½Π΅, утвСрТдая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· нашСй сСти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ стандартная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° для прСдотвращСния ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° мСТсСтСвого экрана ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ врСдоносных ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ выглядят Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ сСти. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ_ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ хост Π½Π° внСшнСм интСрфСйсС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ нСльзя ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€. Однако ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ примСняСт антиспуфинг Π½Π° своём ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ слишком Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ± этом. ПослСднСС ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ каТСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ явно Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ. Однако Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°: вСсь ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π». -БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° для пропуска SMTP ΠΈ DNS-Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСрвСру ΠΈ сСрвСру ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, вСсь Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСдпочтСния β€” это лишь ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ (Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ описан Π½Π° man:ipfw[8]). ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ "relay" ΠΈ "ns" Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Π΄ΠΎ_ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ моста. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IP-адрСс установлСн Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ сСтСвой ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IP-адрСс вмСсто ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ хоста (это трСбуСтся, Ссли Ρƒ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ IP-адрСса). +БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° для пропуска SMTP ΠΈ DNS-Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСрвСру ΠΈ сСрвСру ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, вСсь Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСдпочтСния β€” это лишь ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ (Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ описан Π½Π° man:ipfw[8]). ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ "relay" ΠΈ "ns" Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Π΄ΠΎ_ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ моста. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IP-адрСс установлСн Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ сСтСвой ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅. Или ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IP-адрСс вмСсто ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ хоста (это трСбуСтся, Ссли Ρƒ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ IP-адрСса). Π›ΡŽΠ΄ΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ΠΊΡˆΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ мСТсСтСвыС экраны, вСроятно, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ `reset` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `forward` для ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (TCP-ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ 113). К соТалСнию, это Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании моста, поэтому Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго просто ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ устройству. Пока Π½Π° этом устройствС Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½, это ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ бСзопасно. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ являСтся сброс соСдинСний Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρƒ 113, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ создаСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ с Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ сСрвисами, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ IRC (запрос ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡƒΡ‚Π°). diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.po index a8e6d17c99..530fd6346e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ msgstr "" "мСТсСтСвого экрана ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ врСдоносных ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ выглядят " "Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ сСти. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ_ " "ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ хост Π½Π° внСшнСм интСрфСйсС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ нСльзя ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€. " -"Однако ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ примСняСт антиспуфинг Π½Π° своСм " +"Однако ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ примСняСт антиспуфинг Π½Π° своём " "ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ слишком Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ± этом." #. type: Plain text @@ -739,10 +739,10 @@ msgstr "" "сСрвСру ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, вСсь Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСдпочтСния β€” это лишь ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ (Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ " "ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ описан Π½Π° man:ipfw[8]). ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ " -"\"relay\" ΠΈ \"ns\" Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Π΄ΠΎ_ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ моста. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"\"relay\" ΠΈ \"ns\" Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Π΄ΠΎ_ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ моста. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ IP-адрСс установлСн Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ сСтСвой " -"ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IP-адрСс вмСсто ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ хоста (это " -"трСбуСтся, Ссли Ρƒ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ IP-адрСса)." +"ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅. Или ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IP-адрСс вмСсто ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ хоста (это трСбуСтся, Ссли Ρƒ " +"ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ IP-адрСса)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/filtering-bridges/_index.adoc:278 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.adoc index dc0c900fca..b708b2ea2e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.adoc @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ toc::[] [[terminology]] == ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ -Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ мноТСство Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…: +Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ мноТСство Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…: [.filename]#.pfa#, [.filename]#.pfb#:: Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² PostScript(R) type 1. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ [.filename]#.pfa# ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ тСкстовым (__A__scii) прСдставлСниСм, Π° [.filename]#.pfb# - Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ (__B__inary). @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ font8x8="iso-8x8" # font 8x8 from /usr/share/syscons/fonts/* (or NO). % vidcontrol VGA_80x60 .... -Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с экраном, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:vi[1], Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ экрана. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ `ioctl` ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ консоли (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:syscons[4]), Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. +Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с экраном, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:vi[1], Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ экрана. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ `ioctl` ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ консоли (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:syscons[4]), Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эти ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π² скрипты Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ запускС систСмы. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ это ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ строчку Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. @@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ EOF БмСсь Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ/Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСгистров присутствуСт ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эти Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ для DOS. [.filename]#ttf2pf.ps# ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ рСгистрС, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ это Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. (На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ [.filename]#GS_TTF.PS# ΠΈ [.filename]#PFS2AFM.PS# ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ дистрибутива Ghostscript, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹. Π’ поставку FreeBSD ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹.) Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#/usr/local/shared/groff_font/devps#(?). `afmtodit`:: -Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для использования с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ Groff ΠΈΠ· тСкстовых Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°. Она ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ располагаСтся Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ [.filename]#/usr/src/contrib/groff/afmtodit# ΠΈ для Π΅Π΅ использования трСбуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ. +Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для использования с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ Groff ΠΈΠ· тСкстовых Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°. Она ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ располагаСтся Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ [.filename]#/usr/src/contrib/groff/afmtodit# ΠΈ для Π΅Ρ‘ использования трСбуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ. + [NOTE] ==== @@ -518,8 +518,8 @@ Converting 3of9.ttf to A.pfa and B.afm. Вакая вСсьма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ситуация ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ вскорС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π’ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° http://www.freetype.org/[FreeType Project] Π² настоящСС врСмя разрабатываСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ инструмСнтов для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с FreeType: -* Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² `xfsft` для X11 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ со ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ TrueType, ΠΈ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π₯отя Π² настоящСС врСмя ΠΎΠ½ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ находится Π² стадии ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/jec/programs/xfsft/[страницу Juliusz Chroboczek], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. Указания ΠΏΠΎ пСрСносу Π½Π° FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС http://math.missouri.edu/~stephen/software/[Π‘Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π° ΠœΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ] (Stephen Montgomery), посвящСнной ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. -* xfstt являСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ сСрвСром ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для X11, доступный ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу link:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts[ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts]. +* Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² `xfsft` для X11 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ со ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ TrueType, ΠΈ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π₯отя Π² настоящСС врСмя ΠΎΠ½ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ находится Π² стадии ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/jec/programs/xfsft/[страницу Juliusz Chroboczek], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. Указания ΠΏΠΎ пСрСносу Π½Π° FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС http://math.missouri.edu/~stephen/software/[Π‘Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π° ΠœΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ] (Stephen Montgomery), посвящСнной ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. +* xfstt являСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ сСрвСром ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для X11, доступный ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу link:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts[ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts]. * ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, которая называСтся `ttf2bdf`, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ BDF-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² систСмС X Window, ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² TrueType. Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Linux ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу link:ftp://crl.nmsu.edu/CLR/multiling/General[ftp://crl.nmsu.edu/CLR/multiling/General]. * ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ... diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.po index 75fdb09f33..ac43756d6f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/fonts/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2022-02-01 09:21-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-10-02 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ msgid "" "few that will be addressed here are:" msgstr "" "Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ мноТСство Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… " -"ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…:" +"ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ…:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/fonts/_index.adoc:66 @@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с экраном, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "man:vi[1], Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ экрана. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это " -"дСлаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ `ioctl` ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ консоли (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:syscons[4])" +"дСлаСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ `ioctl` ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ консоли (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:syscons[4])" ", Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ." #. type: Plain text @@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для использования с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ Groff ΠΈΠ· тСкстовых " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°. Она ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ располагаСтся Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ [.filename]#/" -"usr/src/contrib/groff/afmtodit# ΠΈ для Π΅Π΅ использования трСбуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"usr/src/contrib/groff/afmtodit# ΠΈ для Π΅Ρ‘ использования трСбуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ." #. type: delimited block = 4 @@ -1509,7 +1509,7 @@ msgid "" "page]." msgstr "" "Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² `xfsft` для X11 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ со ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ TrueType, ΠΈ с " -"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π₯отя Π² настоящСС врСмя ΠΎΠ½ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ находится Π² стадии ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, " +"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π₯отя Π² настоящСС врСмя ΠΎΠ½ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ находится Π² стадии ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, " "Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/jec/" "programs/xfsft/[страницу Juliusz Chroboczek], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ " "ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. Указания ΠΏΠΎ пСрСносу Π½Π° FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° страницС " @@ -1522,7 +1522,7 @@ msgid "" "xfstt is another font server for X11, available under link:ftp://sunsite.unc." "edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/[ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/]." msgstr "" -"xfstt являСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ сСрвСром ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для X11, доступный ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу " +"xfstt являСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ сСрвСром ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для X11, доступный ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу " "link:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts[ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/" "Linux/X11/fonts]." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc index c707b57c82..9fb3b9c6fe 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ toc::[] [NOTE] ==== -Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ "Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€" Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… людСй. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ для обозначСния Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ являСтся "ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€", ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ популярная прСсса этого Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ поняла. Π₯Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ FreeBSD Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² находится Π² руководствС Π­Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ° Рэймонда (Eric Raymond) http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html[Как ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ] +Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ "Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€" Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… людСй. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ для обозначСния Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ являСтся "ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€", ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ популярная прСсса этого Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ поняла. Π₯Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ FreeBSD Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² находится Π² руководствС Π­Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ° Рэймонда (Eric Raymond) http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html[Как ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ] ==== Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ рСгулярно рассылаСмый Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° вопросы Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD-questions ("Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ"), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° эти вопросы ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ("Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹"). @@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ FreeBSD-questions являСтся списком рассылки, распро ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌ вопросам ΠΏΠΎ FreeBSD посвящСны Π΄Π²Π° списка рассылки, `FreeBSD-questions` ΠΈ `FreeBSD-hackers`. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ ясно, Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ спискС Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ вопрос. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Π² 98% всСх случаСв: . Если вопрос являСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-questions`. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ вопросы ΠΏΠΎ установкС FreeBSD ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ использованию ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ UNIX(R). -. Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вопрос относится ΠΊ ошибкС, Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-questions`. +. Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вопрос относится ΠΊ ошибкС, Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-questions`. . Если вопрос относится ΠΊ ошибкС ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ __ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹__, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это ошибка (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ мСсто Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° происходит, ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ для Π½Π΅Π΅ исправлСниС), Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π² список рассылки `FreeBSD-hackers`. -. Если вопрос относится ΠΊ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎ посылайтС сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-hackers`. +. Если вопрос относится ΠΊ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎ посылайтС сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-hackers`. Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… extref:{handbook}eresources[спСциализированных списков рассылки, eresources-mail]. Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈ Π² Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… интСрСсах ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚. @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ FreeBSD-questions являСтся списком рассылки, распро ** Если Ρƒ вас Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈ трудности ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ установкС FreeBSD, поТалуйста, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ вашС ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’ частности, Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ адрСса Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ IRQ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², установлСнных Π² вашСй машинС. ** Если Ρƒ вас Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈ трудности Π² настройкС PPP, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ настройку. ΠšΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ PPP Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅? Какой Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ? Π£ вас ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ статичСскоС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ динамичСскоС Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ адрСсов IP? КакиС сообщСния Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°? -* Основной объСм ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/var/log/messages#. НС ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Π΅ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², сдСлайтС копию Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, оставив Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ скопируйтС ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр, +* Основной ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/var/log/messages#. НС ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Ρ‘ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², сдСлайтС копию Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, оставив Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ скопируйтС ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр, + [source, shell] .... @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ Missing Operating System. Часто Π²Π°ΠΌ Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ вопросу, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ отослали. Π›ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΌ способом ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это являСтся ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ сообщСниС. Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°: . Π’Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ тСкст исходного сообщСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ люди Π·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅. Однако Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ тСкст. -. ВСкст Π² строкС с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ письма остаСтся Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ самым (Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ?). МногиС ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ сообщСния ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ письма. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ сообщСний. +. ВСкст Π² строкС с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ письма остаётся Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ самым (Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ?). МногиС ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ сообщСния ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ письма. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ сообщСний. . БсылочныС Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° сообщСний Π² Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ сообщСниС. НСкоторыС ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ http://www.mutt.org/[mutt], ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ _ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ_ сообщСния, показывая Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ связь ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ. == Как ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° вопрос @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ Missing Operating System. . Из исходного сообщСния Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ тСкст, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ относится ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ. Π˜Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ излишнСго цитирования, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ пСрСусСрдствуйтС. Π’ΠΎΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π» ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сообщСния, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‘ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΡŒ. . Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ выдСлСния тСкста, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ взят ΠΈΠ· исходного сообщСния ΠΈ тСкста, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹. Π›ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ я Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠΆΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ тСкста Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ вставка символа "`>`". Вставка ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π° послС "`>`" ΠΈ пустых строк ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ вашим ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ тСкстами сдСлаСт Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. . ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ваш ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ мСстС (послС тСкста, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅). ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… слСдуСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ тСкстом, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ относится. -. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ строку Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ письма Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, прСдваряя Π΅Π΅ тСкстом Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "Re: ". Если ваша почтовая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это автоматичСски, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ. +. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ строку Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ письма Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, прСдваряя Π΅Ρ‘ тСкстом Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "Re: ". Если ваша почтовая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это автоматичСски, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ. . Если ΡΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ слСдуСт соглашСниям ΠΏΠΎ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ тСкста (слишком Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ строки, нСподходящая строка Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹), __поТалуйста__, ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ эти ошибки. Π’ случаС Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ строки Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ письма (Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° "HELP!!??") ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ: "Re: Difficulties with sync PPP (was: HELP!!??)". Π’ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ случаС Ρƒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… людСй, ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ обсуТдСниС, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ мСньшС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ. + Π’ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… случаях Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ сдСлали ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π½Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. Если Π²Ρ‹ чувствуСтС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡΡΡŒ Π½Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.po index 1358996fa1..90780b7dce 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-09 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ \"Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€\" Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ " "Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… людСй. ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ для обозначСния Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ " -"являСтся \"ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€\", ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ популярная прСсса этого Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ поняла. Π₯Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ " +"являСтся \"ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€\", ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ популярная прСсса этого Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ поняла. Π₯Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ " "FreeBSD Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² " -"находится Π² руководствС Π­Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ° Рэймонда (Eric Raymond) http://www.catb.org/" -"~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html[Как ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ]" +"находится Π² руководствС Π­Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ° Рэймонда (Eric Raymond) http://www.catb.org/~" +"esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html[Как ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ]" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc:68 @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ msgid "" "not know how to look for it, send the message to `FreeBSD-questions`." msgstr "" "Если Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вопрос относится ΠΊ ошибкС, Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ " -"Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-questions`." +"Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-questions`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc:102 @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ msgid "" "hackers`." msgstr "" "Если вопрос относится ΠΊ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ FreeBSD, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎ посылайтС сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-hackers`." +"прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎ посылайтС сообщСниС Π²ΠΎ `FreeBSD-hackers`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-questions/_index.adoc:106 @@ -589,14 +589,14 @@ msgid "" "output of programs like man:dmesg[8], redirect the output to a file and " "include that. For example," msgstr "" -"Основной объСм ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " +"Основной ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/var/log/messages#. НС ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Π΅ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ " +"эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Ρ‘ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ " "ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², сдСлайтС копию " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, " "оставив Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ скопируйтС ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС " -"сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ " +"сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ " "Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр," #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ msgid "" "did you not?). Many mailers will sort messages by subject. This helps group " "messages together." msgstr "" -"ВСкст Π² строкС с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ письма остаСтся Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ самым (Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ " +"ВСкст Π² строкС с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ письма остаётся Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ самым (Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ " "ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ?). МногиС ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ сообщСния ΠΏΠΎ " "Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ письма. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ сообщСний." @@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ msgid "" "manually." msgstr "" "Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ строку Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ письма Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, прСдваряя " -"Π΅Π΅ тСкстом Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° \"Re: \". Если ваша почтовая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это " +"Π΅Ρ‘ тСкстом Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° \"Re: \". Если ваша почтовая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это " "автоматичСски, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ." #. type: delimited block = 4 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc index 3484efe5ff..9bcfdc0b6a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ authors: - author: 'Glen Barber' email: gjb@FreeBSD.org -description: 'ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD для создания Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы FreeBSD производствСнного качСства. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ описаны инструмСнты, доступныС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ заинтСрСсован Π² создании настраиваСмых Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD для ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ внСдрСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ коммСрчСской ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ' +description: 'ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD для создания Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы FreeBSD производствСнного качСства. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ описаны инструмСнты, доступныС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ заинтСрСсован Π² создании настраиваСмых Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD для ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ внСдрСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ коммСрчСской ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ' organizations: - organization: 'The FreeBSD Foundation' @@ -198,17 +198,17 @@ crossref:freebsd-releng[releng-wrapup, Π—Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒ Если выпуск создаётся ΠΈΠ· ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ {branchStable}, Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ KBI ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ KBI ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ считаСтся Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… {branchStable}. ==== -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ написании Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° выпуска Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ряд Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², особСнно этапы, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ цСлСвая Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… этапов, ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… сущСствуСт Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. НапримСр, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ выпуска ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² бСрСтся ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго `RC`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ частично опрСдСляСт, какая ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ создан Ρ‚Π΅Π³ выпуска ΠΈ какая вСрсия Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ сборки `RELEASE`. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ написании Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° выпуска Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ряд Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², особСнно этапы, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ цСлСвая Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… этапов, ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… сущСствуСт Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. НапримСр, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ выпуска ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² бСрСтся ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго `RC`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ частично опрСдСляСт, какая ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ создан Ρ‚Π΅Π³ выпуска ΠΈ какая вСрсия Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ сборки `RELEASE`. ПослС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ согласования расписания ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° {teamRe} отправляСт расписаниС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ элСктронной ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅. -Π’ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ {teamRe} ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ… Π² процСссС выполнСния. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² процСссС, Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлан запрос Π½Π° "ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅" для ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ подмноТСства Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°. +Π’ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ {teamRe} ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ… Π² процСссС выполнСния. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² процСссС, Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлан запрос Π½Π° "ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅" для ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ подмноТСства Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросах Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сроки (Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅). Для ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ слСдуСт Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ дСйствия Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния. НапримСр, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° мягкой Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° сборок `RC`. [NOTE] ==== -Для отслСТивания ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° {teamRe} ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ вСдСтся ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ указываСтся ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ распространяСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€(Ρ‹), срок дСйствия одобрСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ. НапримСр, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдоставлСно ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для [.filename]#release/doc/# всСм Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ {teamRe} Π΄ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ `RC` для обновлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ выпуску ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ связанной с выпуском Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +Для отслСТивания ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° {teamRe} ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ вСдСтся ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ указываСтся ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ распространяСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€(Ρ‹), срок дСйствия одобрСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ. НапримСр, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдоставлСно ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для [.filename]#release/doc/# всСм Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ {teamRe} Π΄ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ `RC` для обновлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ выпуску ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ связанной с выпуском Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ==== [NOTE] @@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ a| [[releng-stable-branching]] === Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ {branchRelengx} -Когда пСрвая сборка `RC` (Release Candidate) Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Ρƒ, создаСтся Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° {branchReleng}. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ многоэтапный процСсс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ пСрСсСчСния Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ `__FreeBSD_version`, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ относятся ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½ΡŽ рСпозитория. ΠŸΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ: +Когда пСрвая сборка `RC` (Release Candidate) Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Ρƒ, создаСтся Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° {branchReleng}. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ многоэтапный процСсс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ пСрСсСчСния Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ `__FreeBSD_version`, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ относятся ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½ΡŽ рСпозитория. ΠŸΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ: [NOTE] ==== @@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ a| [[releng-build-scripts]] === Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚Ρ‹ сборки Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² -Π”ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#src/release/Makefile# Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ , Π° скрипт [.filename]#src/release/generate-release.sh# Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ для Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. +Π”ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#src/release/Makefile# Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ , Π° скрипт [.filename]#src/release/generate-release.sh# Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‘Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ для Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π”ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD 9.2-RELEASE Π±Ρ‹Π» прСдставлСн [.filename]#src/release/release.sh#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡΡΡŒ Π½Π° [.filename]#src/release/generate-release.sh#, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ указания ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² для пСрСопрСдСлСния Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… окруТСния. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² обСспСчила Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ кросс-сборки ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π° для Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ указания ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. @@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ KERNEL="GENERIC64" [[releng-mirrors-publishing]] === ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ установочных носитСлСй FreeBSD -Как Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² [.filename]#/archive/tmp/#, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΊ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ размСщСния Π² [.filename]#/archive/pub/FreeBSD#. Для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ распространСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ТСсткиС ссылки ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/archive/tmp# Π² [.filename]#/archive/pub/FreeBSD#. +Как Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² [.filename]#/archive/tmp/#, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΊ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ размСщСния Π² [.filename]#/archive/pub/FreeBSD#. Для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ распространСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ТёсткиС ссылки ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/archive/tmp# Π² [.filename]#/archive/pub/FreeBSD#. [NOTE] ==== diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.po index f96a26c7ed..cd3d9818af 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:30-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-12-11 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ msgid "Describes the approach used by the FreeBSD release engineering team to ma msgstr "" "ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD для " "создания Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы FreeBSD производствСнного качСства. Π’ " -"Π½Π΅ΠΌ описаны инструмСнты, доступныС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ заинтСрСсован Π² создании " +"Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ описаны инструмСнты, доступныС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ заинтСрСсован Π² создании " "настраиваСмых Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD для ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ внСдрСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ коммСрчСской " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ" @@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ msgid "" "is used for the final `RELEASE` build." msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ написании Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° выпуска Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ряд Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², " -"особСнно этапы, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ цСлСвая Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… этапов, " +"особСнно этапы, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ цСлСвая Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… этапов, " "ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… сущСствуСт Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. НапримСр, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ выпуска ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² " "бСрСтся ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго `RC`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " "частично опрСдСляСт, какая ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " @@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π’ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ {teamRe} ΠΎ " "Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ… Π² процСссС выполнСния. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² процСссС, Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… случаях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"сдСлан запрос Π½Π° \"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅\" для ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ подмноТСства Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°." +"сдСлан запрос Π½Π° \"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅\" для ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ подмноТСства Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc:216 @@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ msgid "" "related documentation." msgstr "" "Для отслСТивания ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° {teamRe} ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ " -"Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ вСдСтся ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ указываСтся " +"Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ вСдСтся ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… запросов. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ указываСтся " "ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ распространяСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€(Ρ‹), срок " "дСйствия одобрСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ. НапримСр, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдоставлСно " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для [.filename]#release/doc/# всСм Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ {teamRe} Π΄ΠΎ " @@ -1494,7 +1494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Когда пСрвая сборка `RC` (Release Candidate) Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Ρƒ, создаСтся " "Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° {branchReleng}. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ многоэтапный процСсс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ пСрСсСчСния " +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ пСрСсСчСния " "Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ `__FreeBSD_version`, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ относятся ΠΊ " "ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½ΡŽ рСпозитория. ΠŸΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ:" @@ -1636,7 +1636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π”ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#src/release/Makefile# Π±Ρ‹Π» " "ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ , Π° скрипт [.filename]#src/release/generate-release." -"sh# Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ для Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ." +"sh# Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‘Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ для Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-releng/_index.adoc:598 @@ -1912,7 +1912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Как Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² [.filename]#/archive/tmp/#, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΊ " "ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ размСщСния Π² [.filename]#/archive/pub/FreeBSD#. Для " -"ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ распространСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ТСсткиС ссылки ΠΈΠ· [." +"ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ распространСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ТёсткиС ссылки ΠΈΠ· [." "filename]#/archive/tmp# Π² [.filename]#/archive/pub/FreeBSD#." #. type: delimited block = 4 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-src-lsp/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-src-lsp/_index.po index 828f3488fd..745baf69cf 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-src-lsp/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-src-lsp/_index.po @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-17 20:35-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc index 4f6c8a2f55..dd489627da 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Yoyodyne's range of Frobnicator network interfaces. _ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎ состоянии Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всСм ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ…, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ для объяснСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΡ… выполнСния._ -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Yoyodyne Frobnicator? Они ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространСны? Они ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ FreeBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ) присутствиС? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС быстрыС сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Yoyodyne Frobnicator? Они ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространСны? Они ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ присутствуСт (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ) FreeBSD? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС быстрыС сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹: .... We imported Cyberdyne Systems T800 into the tree. @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ _НС Π·Π°Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… спонсорах._ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ -НуТна Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ? Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди? БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ состоянии: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π² процСссС выполнСния, ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. +НуТна Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ? Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди? Π˜ΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… вопросов Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ состоянии Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π² процСссС выполнСния, ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π° Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ с достаточной Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ люди ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, смогут Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. @@ -124,11 +124,11 @@ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ === Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈ -ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ статуса, Π½ΠΎ основной процСсс сбора происходит Π² послСдний мСсяц ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅, июнС, сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π» Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ мСсяца, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹. +ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ статуса, Π½ΠΎ основной процСсс сбора происходит Π² послСдний мСсяц ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅, июнС, сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π» Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ мСсяца, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹. -Запросы ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии Π±Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ послСднСм Π΄Π½Π΅ для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. +Запросы ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ послСднСм Π΄Π½Π΅ для ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° прСдставлСнных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² людьми, Π½Π΅ входящими Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ статуса, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² основном Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊ сСрСдинС января/апрСля/июля/октября (срок Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для стороннСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ). Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСнныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ начиная с 15-Π³ΠΎ числа. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° прСдставлСнных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² людьми, Π½Π΅ входящими Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ статуса, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² основном Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊ сСрСдинС января/апрСля/июля/октября (срок Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для стороннСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ). Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° статуса Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСнныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ начиная с 15-Π³ΠΎ числа. [cols="1,2,2,2,2"] |=== @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ _Если трСбуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это явно!_ [IMPORTANT] ==== -Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° рассылку запросов ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron, поТалуйста, запускайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° freefall ΠΈ подписывайтС своим ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π² случаС возникновСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ настроил Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Π² качСствС Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² своС имя. +Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° рассылку запросов ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron, поТалуйста, запускайтС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° freefall ΠΈ подписывайтС своим ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π² случаС возникновСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ настроил это Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ cron. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Π² качСствС Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² своё имя. ==== Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сбор ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это link:https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/call-for-freebsd-2014q4-october-december-status-reports.49812/[дСлалось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅]. @@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ man:w3m[1] ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠžΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡ [IMPORTANT] ==== -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ письмо Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ, поэтому Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΡƒ этого письма, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ сдСлаСт это ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD.org[постмастСру], Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΡ‘Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ). +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ письмо Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ, поэтому, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΡƒ этого письма, ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ сдСлаСт это ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ link:mailto:postmaster@FreeBSD.org[постмастСру], Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΡ‘Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ). ==== * ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-hackers[freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.org], ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-current[freebsd-current@FreeBSD.org] ΠΈ link:https://lists.freebsd.org/subscription/freebsd-stable[freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.org] Π² копию (CC) ΠΈ `developers@FreeBSD.org` Π² ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡƒΡŽ копию (BCC). diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po index b722ddd95b..f2165d1827 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-02-25 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-02 03:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -179,9 +179,9 @@ msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Yoyodyne Frobnicator? Они ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространСны? Они ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² " "ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ популярном устройствС? Они ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " -"нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ FreeBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ) присутствиС? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС быстрыС " -"сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ " -"Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹:" +"нишС, Π³Π΄Π΅ присутствуСт (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ) FreeBSD? Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ самыС " +"быстрыС сСтСвыС ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅? Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎ состоянии Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ часто " +"Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹:" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:76 @@ -288,13 +288,13 @@ msgid "" "indicate who is focussing on each one." msgstr "" "НуТна Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ? Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ " -"люди? БущСствуСт Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ " -"ΠΎ состоянии: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ " -"Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ " -"находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, " -"Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π² процСссС выполнСния, ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ " -"ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚." +"люди? Π˜ΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° способа использования Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… вопросов Π² ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎ " +"состоянии Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚: для запроса ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для быстрого ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° " +"ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ достаточноС количСство " +"людСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ находится Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π½Π΅ " +"ускорит Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚. Π£ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ " +"Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π² процСссС выполнСния, ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΡŒΡ‚Π΅, " +"ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:114 @@ -461,15 +461,15 @@ msgstr "" "происходит Π² послСдний мСсяц ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅, июнС, " "сСнтябрС ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±Ρ€Π΅. ΠœΠ΅ΡΡΡ†Ρ‹ ΡΠ½Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ, Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π»ΡŒ, июль ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒ посвящСны сбору " "ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², прСдставлСнных Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΉΡΡ " -"ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π» Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ мСсяца, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ " +"ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π» Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ мСсяца, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ " "статусных ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² происходит Π² Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ мСсяцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/freebsd-status-report-process/_index.adoc:164 msgid "Explicit calls for status reports will be sent with deadline reminders." msgstr "" -"Запросы ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ состоянии Π±Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ послСднСм Π΄Π½Π΅ " *** 328 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:56:49 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYcCB3xlBz6Vh12 for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:56:54 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYcCB3fXPz3qHl for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:56:49 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 2dc847202d - main - update translation of articles/ part2 to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 2dc847202df8637d8ea518fd82e3d1223d38d5df Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:56:49 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69e81.3093c.4bc7245a@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=2dc847202df8637d8ea518fd82e3d1223d38d5df commit 2dc847202df8637d8ea518fd82e3d1223d38d5df Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:56:30 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:56:30 +0000 update translation of articles/ part2 to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55586 --- documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.adoc | 14 ++++----- documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.po | 28 +++++++++--------- .../content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc | 10 +++---- .../content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.po | 22 +++++++------- .../content/ru/articles/leap-seconds/_index.po | 4 +-- .../content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc | 6 ++-- .../content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.po | 14 ++++----- .../ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc | 18 ++++++------ .../content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.po | 34 +++++++++++----------- .../content/ru/articles/linux-users/_index.po | 4 +-- .../ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.po | 14 ++++----- .../content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.po | 6 ++-- .../content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc | 3 -- .../content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po | 31 ++++++++------------ .../ru/articles/port-mentor-guidelines/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/articles/port-mentor-guidelines/_index.po | 4 +-- .../content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po | 2 +- .../content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc | 10 +++---- .../content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.po | 20 ++++++------- .../content/ru/articles/releng/_index.adoc | 6 ++-- documentation/content/ru/articles/releng/_index.po | 34 +++++++++++----------- .../content/ru/articles/remote-install/_index.adoc | 8 ++--- .../content/ru/articles/remote-install/_index.po | 14 ++++----- 25 files changed, 151 insertions(+), 161 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.adoc index b0fdea6fd4..dd51367d2f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.adoc @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ toc::[] [[mirror-diskspace]] === ДисковоС пространство -Одним ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ являСтся дисковоС пространство. Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΈ стСпСни ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм диска. НС лишним Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ _ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ, скорСС всСго, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’Π΅Π±-страницы всСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ объСма относятся ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго рСдактирования Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ ({rel120-current}-RELEASE/{rel113-current}-RELEASE). Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΠΉ процСсс Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ объСм. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ (10-20%) Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ пространство спокойствия Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ объСма: +Одним ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ являСтся дисковоС пространство. Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΈ стСпСни ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ диска. НС лишним Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ _ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ, скорСС всСго, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’Π΅Π±-страницы всСгда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° относятся ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго рСдактирования Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ ({rel120-current}-RELEASE/{rel113-current}-RELEASE). Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΠΉ процСсс Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ (10-20%) Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ пространство спокойствия Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ°: * ПолноС Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ FTP: 1.4 TB * ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ CTM: 10 GB @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ toc::[] [[mirror-bandwidth]] === ВрСбования ΠΊ сСтСвой связности ΠΈ пропускной способности -РазумССтся, Ρƒ вас Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚. ВрСбуСмая пропускная ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ профиля использования вашСго Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ части FreeBSD для локального использования Π½Π° вашСй машинС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, трСбования ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мягчС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ для ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. Для ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° нСобходимая пропускная ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ увСличиваСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ большС. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ лишь ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ: +РазумССтся, Ρƒ вас Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚. ВрСбуСмая пропускная ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π°ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ профиля использования вашСго Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ части FreeBSD для локального использования Π½Π° вашСй машинС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, трСбования ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мягчС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ для ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. Для ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° нСобходимая пропускная ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ увСличиваСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ большС. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ лишь ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ: * Π—Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ для локального доступа: фактичСски ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½, Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π» ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 2 Mbps ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ процСсс обновлСния ΠΌΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. * ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ: 34 Mbps выглядит Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎ для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π°. @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ toc::[] [[mirror-serv-ftp]] ==== FTP (трСбуСтся для FTP Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°) -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… сСрвисов; Π΅Π³ΠΎ прСдоставлСниС трСбуСтся для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ FTP. Доступ ΠΏΠΎ FTP Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ограничСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ объСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ/принято (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ являСтся, Π½Π° наш взгляд, странным ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ). Π—Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠ° (upload) Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° сСрвСр Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся (ΠΈ _Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π°_ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ FreeBSD). ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступСн с ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#/pub/FreeBSD#. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… сСрвисов; Π΅Π³ΠΎ прСдоставлСниС трСбуСтся для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ FTP. Доступ ΠΏΠΎ FTP Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ограничСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ/принято (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ являСтся, Π½Π° наш взгляд, странным ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ). Π—Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠ° (upload) Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° сСрвСр Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся (ΠΈ _Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π°_ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ FreeBSD). ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступСн с ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#/pub/FreeBSD#. Для прСдоставлСния Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ FTP доступа ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использован Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ ряд ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ (пСрСчислСны Π² Π°Π»Ρ„Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС). @@ -127,14 +127,14 @@ ftpd, proftpd ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ncftpd ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡ [[mirror-serv-rsync]] ==== Rsync (Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСрвис для FTP Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°) -rsync часто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для прСдоставлСния доступа ΠΊ FTP-области FreeBSD, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» rsync Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ отличаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ FTP, Π² частности, ΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния пропускной способности ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь различия). Π’Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ rsync Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… объСмов памяти. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° синхронизируСмого модуля (Π² основном ΠΎΡ‚ количСства ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²). rsync ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС транспортно Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° `rsh` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `ssh` (ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ); Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» rsync (этот ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… rsync-сСрвСров). ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ авторизация ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ограничСния. Для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° rsync сущСствуСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚: +rsync часто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для прСдоставлСния доступа ΠΊ FTP-области FreeBSD, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» rsync Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ отличаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ FTP, Π² частности, ΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния пропускной способности ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь различия). Π’Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ rsync Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² памяти. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° синхронизируСмого модуля (Π² основном ΠΎΡ‚ количСства ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²). rsync ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС транспортно Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° `rsh` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `ssh` (ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ); Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» rsync (этот ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… rsync-сСрвСров). ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ авторизация ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ограничСния. Для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° rsync сущСствуСт СдинствСнный ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚: * package:net/rsync[] [[mirror-serv-http]] ==== HTTP (трСбуСтся для Π²Π΅Π±-страниц, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ для FTP Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π») -Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-страниц FreeBSD, Π²Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСр. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ HTTP доступ ΠΊ FTP-Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD. Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра остаСтся Π½Π° усмотрСниС администратора Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ популярных Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСров пСрСчислСны Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅: +Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-страниц FreeBSD, Π²Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСр. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ HTTP доступ ΠΊ FTP-Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD. Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра остаётся Π½Π° усмотрСниС администратора Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ популярных Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСров пСрСчислСны Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅: * package:www/apache24[]: Apache - самый ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ распространённый Π² Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСр, Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ FreeBSD. * package:www/boa[]: Boa - это ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ HTTP-сСрвСр. Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСров, ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ создаСт ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ входящСго соСдинСния ΠΈ Π½Π΅ запускаСт мноТСство ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΉ самого сСбя для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ мноТСства соСдинСний. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для чисто статичСского ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. @@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ rsync часто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для прСдоставлСния Π΄ [[mirror-where]] == Π‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСрвСра ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ вопрос, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ попытаСмся ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° бСрутся ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹. Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·: _Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ftp.FreeBSD.org_. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ вопрос, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ попытаСмся ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° бСрутся ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹. Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·: _Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ftp.FreeBSD.org_. [[mirror-where-organization]] === ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ систСмы Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π» @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ rsync часто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для прСдоставлСния Π΄ [[mirror-where-master]] ==== МнС Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ доступ ΠΊ основным сайтам! -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ достаточных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ· основных сайтов. Доступ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΈΡ… использования. НаличиС Ρƒ вас статуса _ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, бСзусловно, являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ΅ΠΌ. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваша страна Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нуТдаСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅. Если ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅, сначала ΡΠ²ΡΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с администратором ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ DNS (mailto:hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org[hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org]) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² {freebsd-hubs}. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ достаточных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ· основных сайтов. Доступ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΈΡ… использования. НаличиС Ρƒ вас статуса _ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, бСзусловно, являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ΅ΠΌ. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваша страна Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нуТдаСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅. Если ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅, сначала ΡΠ²ΡΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с администратором ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ DNS (mailto:hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org[hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org]) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² {freebsd-hubs}. Π’ΠΎΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ хосту β€” Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ· основных сайтов, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΊ подходящСму сайту уровня Tier-1. Если этого Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ письмо ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу mailto:mirror-admin@FreeBSD.org[mirror-admin@FreeBSD.org], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π² этом вопросС. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.po index 5f2d7b4fe1..1f10a1e8f4 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/hubs/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Одним ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ являСтся дисковоС пространство. Π’ " "зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΈ стСпСни ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π²Π°ΠΌ " -"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм диска. НС лишним Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ диска. НС лишним Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "_ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ, скорСС всСго, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’Π΅Π±-страницы всСгда " "Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ " -"объСма относятся ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго рСдактирования Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° относятся ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ послСднСго рСдактирования Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " "ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ ({rel120-current}-RELEASE/{rel113-current}-RELEASE). Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΠΉ " -"процСсс Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ объСм. " +"процСсс Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ. " "ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ (10-20%) Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ " -"пространство спокойствия Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ объСма:" +"пространство спокойствия Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ°:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/hubs/_index.adoc:84 @@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ msgstr "" "вашСго Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ части FreeBSD для " "локального использования Π½Π° вашСй машинС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, трСбования ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " "Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мягчС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ для ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. Для ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° " -"нСобходимая пропускная ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ увСличиваСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ большС. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"нСобходимая пропускная ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ увСличиваСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ большС. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "лишь ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ:" #. type: Plain text @@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… сСрвисов; Π΅Π³ΠΎ прСдоставлСниС трСбуСтся для " "ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ FTP. Доступ ΠΏΠΎ FTP " "Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ограничСния ΠΏΠΎ " -"ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ объСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ/принято (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ являСтся, Π½Π° наш взгляд, " +"ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ/принято (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ являСтся, Π½Π° наш взгляд, " "странным ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ). Π—Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠ° (upload) Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° сСрвСр Π½Π΅ трСбуСтся (ΠΈ " "_Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π°_ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ FreeBSD). ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD " "Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступСн с ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#/pub/FreeBSD#." @@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ отличаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ FTP, Π² частности, ΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния " "пропускной способности ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ лишь различия). Π’Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ rsync Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… " -"объСмов памяти. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° синхронизируСмого " +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² памяти. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° синхронизируСмого " "модуля (Π² основном ΠΎΡ‚ количСства ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²). rsync ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС транспортного ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° `rsh` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `ssh` (ΠΏΠΎ " "ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ); Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» rsync (этот " @@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Если Π²Ρ‹ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-страниц FreeBSD, Π²Π°ΠΌ потрСбуСтся " "ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСр. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ HTTP доступ ΠΊ " -"FTP-Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD. Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра остаСтся Π½Π° усмотрСниС " +"FTP-Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD. Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСра остаётся Π½Π° усмотрСниС " "администратора Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ популярных Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвСров " "пСрСчислСны Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅:" @@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ msgid "" "circumstances should you mirror from `ftp.FreeBSD.org`." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ вопрос, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ попытаСмся ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° бСрутся ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹. " -"Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·: _Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ftp." +"Для Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·: _Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ftp." "FreeBSD.org_." #. type: Title === @@ -977,9 +977,9 @@ msgstr "" "основных сайтов. Доступ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΈΡ… " "использования. НаличиС Ρƒ вас статуса _ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ_ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, бСзусловно, " "являСтся Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ΅ΠΌ. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваша страна " -"Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нуТдаСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅. Если ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅, " -"сначала ΡΠ²ΡΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с администратором ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ DNS (mailto:" -"hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org[hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org]) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² " +"Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нуТдаСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅. Если ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅, " +"сначала ΡΠ²ΡΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с администратором ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ DNS " +"(mailto:hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org[hostmaster@CC.FreeBSD.org]) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² " "{freebsd-hubs}." #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc index 694021f0da..85ed9ae6a3 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc @@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ gidNumber: 10000 cn: tuser .... -Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `slapadd` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `ldapadd` для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, содСрТащСго эти записи. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ package:sysutils/ldapvi[]. +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `slapadd` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `ldapadd` для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, содСрТащСго эти записи. Или Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ package:sysutils/ldapvi[]. Π£Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° `ldapsearch` Π½Π° клиСнтской машинС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эти записи. Если это Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ваша Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ настроСна для использования Π² качСствС сСрвСра Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ LDAP. @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ auth sufficient /usr/local/lib/pam_ldap.so no_warn Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ мСсто, Π³Π΄Π΅ эта строка появляСтся Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ столбцС, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ; см. man:pam[d] -Π‘ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ смоТСтС Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Π² LDAP-ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. PAM Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ привязку с вашими ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈ Π² случаС успСха сообщит SSH Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ. +Π‘ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ смоТСтС Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Π² LDAP-ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. PAM Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ привязку с вашими ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈ Π² случаС успСха сообщит SSH Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ. Однако Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ _ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ_ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ доступ ΠΊ _ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ_ клиСнтской машинС β€” Π½Π΅ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ°Ρ идСя. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ для Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρƒ достаточно наличия записи Π² LDAP. К ΡΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько способов ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. @@ -576,11 +576,11 @@ access to * Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. [[secure-root]] -=== ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи `root` +=== ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи `root` -Часто учСтная запись `root` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ администратора для слуТбы LDAP Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. НапримСр, OpenLDAP ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это, ΠΈ это Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, Ссли Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#slapd.conf# Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ скомпромСтирован. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ настройки доступа ΠΊ LDAP, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `root` Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ. +Часто учётная запись `root` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ администратора для слуТбы LDAP Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. НапримСр, OpenLDAP ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это, ΠΈ это Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, Ссли Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#slapd.conf# Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ скомпромСтирован. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ настройки доступа ΠΊ LDAP, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `root` Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ. -Π•Ρ‰Π΅ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `root`. НапримСр, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ сами Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состав этой Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹. Вакая ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ послСдствия ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ пароля. +Π•Ρ‰Π΅ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `root`. НапримСр, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ сами Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состав этой Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹. Вакая ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ послСдствия ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ пароля. [[manager-acct]] ==== Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.po index 8ee6820d6e..097d4fbdd6 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/ldap-auth/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:30-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -712,8 +712,8 @@ msgid "" "ldapvi[]." msgstr "" "Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π² Π²Π°ΡˆΡƒ Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `slapadd` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " -"`ldapadd` для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, содСрТащСго эти записи. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ package:sysutils/ldapvi[]." +"`ldapadd` для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, содСрТащСго эти записи. Или Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"package:sysutils/ldapvi[]." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc:317 @@ -951,7 +951,7 @@ msgid "" "successful will tell SSH to allow access." msgstr "" "Π‘ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ смоТСтС Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ Π² LDAP-" -"ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. PAM Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ привязку с вашими ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈ Π² случаС успСха " +"ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. PAM Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ привязку с вашими ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈ Π² случаС успСха " "сообщит SSH Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ." #. type: Plain text @@ -1544,7 +1544,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc:663 #, no-wrap msgid "`root` Account Definition" -msgstr "ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи `root`" +msgstr "ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи `root`" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/ldap-auth/_index.adoc:668 @@ -1555,11 +1555,11 @@ msgid "" "may be better to use this only to bootstrap yourself into LDAP, and then " "define a `root` account there." msgstr "" -"Часто учСтная запись `root` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ администратора для слуТбы LDAP Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ " +"Часто учётная запись `root` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ администратора для слуТбы LDAP Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ " "ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. НапримСр, OpenLDAP ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это, ΠΈ это " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, Ссли Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#slapd.conf# " "Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ скомпромСтирован. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для " -"ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ настройки доступа ΠΊ LDAP, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись " +"ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ настройки доступа ΠΊ LDAP, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись " "`root` Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ." #. type: delimited block = 4 @@ -1571,9 +1571,9 @@ msgid "" "membership of this group. Such a security policy would help mitigate the " "effects of a leaked password." msgstr "" -"Π•Ρ‰Π΅ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ " -"ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `root`. НапримСр, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " -"Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ сами Π½Π΅ " +"Π•Ρ‰Π΅ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ " +"ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ запись `root`. НапримСр, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " +"Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ сами Π½Π΅ " "ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ состав этой Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹. Вакая ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " "ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ послСдствия ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ пароля." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/leap-seconds/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/leap-seconds/_index.po index 334f428bf0..4b30fb1892 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/leap-seconds/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/leap-seconds/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-10 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc index 920a7fccfb..e3588f2f4f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc @@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ toc::[] === ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° -* Π˜ΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ лицСнзиями, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ BSD ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ BSD (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅), Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ FreeBSD Core Team. Запросы Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: +* Π˜ΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ лицСнзиями, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ BSD ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ BSD (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅), Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ FreeBSD. Запросы Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: ** Бписок Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… возмоТностСй ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ исправлСний ошибок, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ содСрТит новая вСрсия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, вмСстС с Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эти возмоТности Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ нашим ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ. Π˜Π΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ PR (запросы Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ссылки Π½Π° обсуТдСния Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… рассылках. -** Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ процСсс Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для всСх ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Core Team. Π‘Π°ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ сущСствования Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния Π² исходныС ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹. +** Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ процСсс Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для всСх ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team). Π‘Π°ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ сущСствования Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния Π² исходныС ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹. ** Бписок Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅ΠΉ FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹. Π Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ области примСнСния Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ запроса ΠΈ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ FreeBSD. * ЛицСнзия Apache 2.0 допустима для использования Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях. Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ Apache, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡŽ Apache. @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ toc::[] === Волько ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ SPDX-License-Identifier. -НСкоторыС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ содСрТат ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ содСрТат Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ SPDX-License-Identifier, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ содСрТат явной Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΌ. crossref:license-guide[expressions, ВыраТСния SPDX-License-Identifier] для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ выраТСния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅: выраТСния, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ подмноТСством Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… цСлях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартом. +НСкоторыС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ содСрТат ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ содСрТат Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± авторских ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ SPDX-License-Identifier, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ содСрТат явной Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΌ. crossref:license-guide[expressions, ВыраТСния SPDX-License-Identifier] для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ выраТСния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅: выраТСния, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ подмноТСством Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… цСлях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартом. ЛицСнзия для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², содСрТащих Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ SPDX-License-Identifier, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.po index 94b548d4e6..c150cbe0a6 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/license-guide/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-08-05 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -260,8 +260,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π˜ΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " "лицСнзиями, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ BSD ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ BSD (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅)" -", Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ FreeBSD Core Team. Запросы Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ " -"Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ:" +", Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ одобрСния ΠΎΡ‚ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ FreeBSD. Запросы Π½Π° " +"ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc:114 @@ -283,9 +283,9 @@ msgid "" "justify an import of software to source or ports." msgstr "" "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ процСсс Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для всСх ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"обСспСчСния, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Core Team. Π‘Π°ΠΌ " -"Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ сущСствования Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния Π² исходныС ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹." +"обСспСчСния, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (" +"Core Team). Π‘Π°ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ сущСствования Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для " +"ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния Π² исходныС ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc:118 @@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ msgstr "" "ВыраТСния SPDX-License-Identifier] для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ выраТСния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅: " "выраТСния, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " "подмноТСством Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… цСлях ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартом." +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… стандартом." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/license-guide/_index.adoc:261 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc index 1d327c3315..481ca6c3f4 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ UNIX(R) β€” это опСрационная систСма с Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠΉ ис ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ API UNIX(R) опрСдСляСт систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ способ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса ядру. НаиболСС распространённая рСализация ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, инструкции `SYSENTER`/`SYSCALL` для ia32). БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ. НапримСр, Π² FreeBSD систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ 85 β€” это man:swapon[2], Π° Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ 132 β€” man:mkfifo[2]. НСкоторыС систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства Π² пространство ядра Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ способами (зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ). БистС ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ синхронными. -Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ способ взаимодСйствия β€” использованиС _прСрывания_. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ происходят асинхронно послС возникновСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ события (Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль, ошибка страницы ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄.). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ для процСсса (ошибка страницы) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ привСсти ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ _сигнала_ (Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль). +Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ способ взаимодСйствия β€” использованиС _прСрывания_. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ происходят асинхронно послС возникновСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ события (Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль, ошибка страницы ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄.). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ для процСсса (ошибка страницы) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ привСсти ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ _сигнала_ (Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль). [[proc-proc-comm]] ==== ОбмСн Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ UNIX(R) β€” это опСрационная систСма с Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠΉ ис [[thread-mgmt]] ==== Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ -Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ UNIX(R) Π½Π΅ опрСдСляСт Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ API ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ POSIX(R) опрСдСляСт свой API для ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ рСализация остаСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ сущСствовало Π΄Π²Π° способа Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²: ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:1) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСй Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ процСсс с ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:N). Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ основных особСнностСй ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°: +Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ UNIX(R) Π½Π΅ опрСдСляСт Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ API ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ POSIX(R) опрСдСляСт свой API для ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ рСализация остаётся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ сущСствовало Π΄Π²Π° способа Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²: ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:1) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‘Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСй Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ процСсс с ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:N). Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ основных особСнностСй ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°: ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:1 @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ int clone_flags = (CLONE_VM | CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | CLONE_SIGNAL [[freebsd-atomic-op]] ===== АтомарныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти -АтомарныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… простыС арифмСтичСскиС дСйствия Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² памяти Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ внСшним событиям (прСрываниям, Π²Ρ‹Ρ‚Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄.). АтомарныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (порядка Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° `.long` Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ C), поэтому ΠΈΡ… слСдуСт Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простых ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, установки Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π² Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅). На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ довольно просто ΠΈ часто ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСм Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ, полагаясь Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ lock-less). Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ FreeBSD прСдоставляСт способ выполнСния Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² сочСтании с Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ памяти. Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ атомарная опСрация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ памяти. НапримСр, Ссли Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ атомарная опСрация Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ послС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ всСх ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи (с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния пСрСупорядочивания Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² инструкций), Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ явно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€ памяти вмСстС с ΡΡ ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² построСнии высокоуровнСвых Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ refcounts, ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‹ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄.). Для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объяснСния Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ man:atomic[9]. Однако Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΈ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅) Π² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для построСния Ρ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²). +АтомарныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… простыС арифмСтичСскиС дСйствия Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² памяти Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ внСшним событиям (прСрываниям, Π²Ρ‹Ρ‚Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄.). АтомарныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (порядка Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° `.long` Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ C), поэтому ΠΈΡ… слСдуСт Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простых ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, установки Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π² Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅). На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ довольно просто ΠΈ часто ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСм Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ, полагаясь Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ lock-less). Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ FreeBSD прСдоставляСт способ выполнСния Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² сочСтании с Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ памяти. Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ атомарная опСрация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ памяти. НапримСр, Ссли Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ атомарная опСрация Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ послС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ всСх ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи (с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния пСрСупорядочивания Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² инструкций), Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ явно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€ памяти вмСстС с ΡΡ ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² построСнии высокоуровнСвых Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ refcounts, ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‹ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄.). Для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объяснСния Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ man:atomic[9]. Однако Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΈ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅) Π² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для построСния Ρ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²). [[freebsd-refcounts]] ===== Π‘Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ссылок (refcount) @@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ int clone_flags = (CLONE_VM | CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | CLONE_SIGNAL [[freebsd-scheduling]] ===== Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ планирования -Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ планирования ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для управлСния ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ². Они Π² основном состоят ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π³Π»ΡƒΡˆΠ΅ΠΊ: +Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ планирования ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для управлСния ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ². Они Π² основном состоят ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π³Π»ΡƒΡˆΠ΅ΠΊ: * критичСскиС сСкции (ΠΈ вытСснСниС) * sched_bind @@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ int clone_flags = (CLONE_VM | CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | CLONE_SIGNAL [[freebsd-schedpin]] ===== sched_pin/sched_unpin -Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ способ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с вытСснСниСм β€” это интСрфСйс `sched_pin()`. Если участок ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ функциями `sched_pin()` ΠΈ `sched_unpin()`, гарантируСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ вытСснСн, всСгда Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ CPU. Π—Π°ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ эффСктивно Π² частном случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, привязанным ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ CPU, ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ измСнят эти Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. ПослСднСС условиС Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ строгим условиСм для нашСго ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. +Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ способ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с вытСснСниСм β€” это интСрфСйс `sched_pin()`. Если участок ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ функциями `sched_pin()` ΠΈ `sched_unpin()`, гарантируСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ вытСснСн, всСгда Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ CPU. Π—Π°ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ эффСктивно Π² частном случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, привязанным ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ CPU, ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ измСнят эти Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. ПослСднСС условиС Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ строгим условиСм для нашСго ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. [[freebsd-schedbind]] ===== sched_bind/sched_unbind @@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ Linux(R) ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ столбСц прСдставляСт Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ столбСц ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π°. Π’Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ столбСц ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. Он ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ `STD`, `OBSOL`, `NOPROTO` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `UNIMPL`. `STD` β€” это стандартный систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. `OBSOL` ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ опрСдСляСт Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ. `NOPROTO` ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ мСстС, поэтому Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ добавлСния прСфикса ABI ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. `UNIMPL` ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‘Π½ Π½Π° `nosys` (систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ просто Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ сообщС Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½, ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ `ENOSYS`). -Из Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#syscalls.master# скрипт Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°: [.filename]#linux_syscall.h#, [.filename]#linux_proto.h# ΠΈ [.filename]#linux_sysent.c#. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#linux_syscall.h# содСрТит опрСдСлСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… числовых Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: +Из Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#syscalls.master# скрипт Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°: [.filename]#linux_syscall.h#, [.filename]#linux_proto.h# ΠΈ [.filename]#linux_sysent.c#. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#linux_syscall.h# содСрТит опрСдСлСния ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… числовых Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: [.programlisting] .... @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ translate_traps(int signal, int trap_code) ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² NPTL β€” это ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ TGID Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ PID ΠΈ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ самого (ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, общая Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄.). ВсС ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ происходит Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссом. НСт раздСлСния ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ состояния Π½Π° внСшнюю структуру, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² FreeBSD. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ создаСт Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ Linux(R), ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ -> Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… мСстах ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ выглядит нСбСзопасно с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ ‹Ρ… ошибок. -ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ NPTL создаСтся Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `clone` с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅). NPTL Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡŽ модСль ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² 1:1. +ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ NPTL создаСтся Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `clone` с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅). NPTL Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡŽ модСль ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² 1:1. Π’ FreeBSD ΠΌΡ‹ эмулируСм ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ NPTL с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄., Π° гимнастика с PID просто имитируСтся Π² спСцифичСской для эмуляции структурС, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ процСссу. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, прикрСплённая ΠΊ процСссу, выглядит ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ: @@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ mov %edx,%gs:0x10 [[tls-i386]] ===== i386 -Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° TLS для Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° происходит ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `set_thread_area`, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° TLS для Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса Π² `clone` выполняСтся Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π² `clone`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠΈ. ЕдинствСнноС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² фактичСской Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ сСгмСнта GDT, которая происходит ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ контСкста для вновь созданного процСсса, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `set_thread_area` Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ. Код Π² основном Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅. Он ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ дСскриптор сСгмСнта Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ Linux(R) ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства. Код провСряСт Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дСскрРΈΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½ различаСтся ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ FreeBSD ΠΈ Linux(R), ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ индСксы 6, 3 ΠΈ -1. Число 6 β€” это ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Linux(R), 3 β€” ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ FreeBSD, Π° -1 ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎ-Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ устанавливаСм Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дСскриптора Π½Π° константу 3 ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ пространство. ΠœΡ‹ полагаСмся Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ процСсс Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΈΠ· дСскриптора, Π½ΠΎ это Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв (Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ситуации, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это Π½Π΅ срабатывало), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ процСсс Π² польз ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ 1. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ дСскриптор ΠΈΠ· Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Linux(R) Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ (Ρ‚.Π΅. Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² дСскриптор сСгмСнта, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ FreeBSD. НаконСц, ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠœΡ‹ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌ дСскриптор PCB ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° (Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ управлСния процСссом) ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌ сСгмСнт `%gs` с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `load_gs`. Π­Ρ‚Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² критичСской сСкции, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ нас ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉ `CLONE_SETTLS` Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `load_gs` Π½Π΅ выполняСтся. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρ ƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для этого (сСгмСнт Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ 3), раздСляСтся ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами FreeBSD ΠΈ Linux(R), поэтому слой эмуляции Linux(R) Π½Π΅ добавляСт Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… расходов ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ FreeBSD. +Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° TLS для Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° происходит ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `set_thread_area`, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° TLS для Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса Π² `clone` выполняСтся Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π² `clone`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠΈ. ЕдинствСнноС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² фактичСской Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ сСгмСнта GDT, которая происходит ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ контСкста для вновь созданного процСсса, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `set_thread_area` Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ. Код Π² основном Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅. Он ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ дСскриптор сСгмСнта Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ Linux(R) ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства. Код провСряСт Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дСскрРΈΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½ различаСтся ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ FreeBSD ΠΈ Linux(R), ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ индСксы 6, 3 ΠΈ -1. Число 6 β€” это ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Linux(R), 3 β€” ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ FreeBSD, Π° -1 ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎ-Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ устанавливаСм Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ дСскриптора Π½Π° константу 3 ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ пространство. ΠœΡ‹ полагаСмся Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ процСсс Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΈΠ· дСскриптора, Π½ΠΎ это Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв (Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ситуации, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это Π½Π΅ срабатывало), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ процСсс Π² польз ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ 1. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ дСскриптор ΠΈΠ· Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Linux(R) Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ (Ρ‚.Π΅. Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² дСскриптор сСгмСнта, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ FreeBSD. НаконСц, ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠœΡ‹ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌ дСскриптор PCB ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° (Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ управлСния процСссом) ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌ сСгмСнт `%gs` с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `load_gs`. Π­Ρ‚Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² критичСской сСкции, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ нас ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉ `CLONE_SETTLS` Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `load_gs` Π½Π΅ выполняСтся. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρ ƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для этого (сСгмСнт Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ 3), раздСляСтся ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами FreeBSD ΠΈ Linux(R), поэтому слой эмуляции Linux(R) Π½Π΅ добавляСт Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… расходов ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ FreeBSD. [[tls-amd64]] ===== amd64 @@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ struct waiting_proc { [[futex-sleep]] ===== futex_sleep -Когда Ρ„ΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ ставит ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½ создаСт структуру `working_proc` ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ эту структуру Π² список Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ структуры futex, послС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ просто выполняСт man:tsleep[9] для приостановки ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°. ОТиданиС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ПослС Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈΠ· man:tsleep[9] (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ истСкло врСмя оТидания) структура `working_proc` удаляСтся ΠΈΠ· списка ΠΈ уничтоТаСтся. ВсС это выполняСтся Π² Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `futex_sleep`. Если ΠΌΡ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `futex_wake`, Ρƒ нас установлСн `wp_new_futex`, поэтому ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, фактичСскоС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π ΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ся Π² этой Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. +Когда Ρ„ΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ ставит ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½ создаСт структуру `working_proc` ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ эту структуру Π² список Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ структуры futex, послС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ просто выполняСт man:tsleep[9] для приостановки ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°. ОТиданиС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ПослС Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈΠ· man:tsleep[9] (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ истСкло врСмя оТидания) структура `working_proc` удаляСтся ΠΈΠ· списка ΠΈ уничтоТаСтся. ВсС это выполняСтся Π² Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `futex_sleep`. Если ΠΌΡ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `futex_wake`, Ρƒ нас установлСн `wp_new_futex`, поэтому ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, фактичСскоС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π ΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ся Π² этой Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. [[futex-wake-2]] ===== futex_wake diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.po index 3dcc5aa8b9..43546c6861 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-emulation/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -264,8 +264,8 @@ msgid "" "reaction like sending a _signal_ (division by zero)." msgstr "" "Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ способ взаимодСйствия β€” использованиС _прСрывания_. " -"ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ происходят асинхронно послС возникновСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ события " -"(Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль, ошибка страницы ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄.). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ " +"ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ происходят асинхронно послС возникновСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ события (" +"Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль, ошибка страницы ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄.). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ " "для процСсса (ошибка страницы) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ привСсти ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ " "_сигнала_ (Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ноль)." @@ -338,8 +338,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ UNIX(R) Π½Π΅ опрСдСляСт Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ API ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², " "Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ POSIX(R) опрСдСляСт свой API для ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ рСализация " -"остаСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ сущСствовало Π΄Π²Π° способа Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " -"ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²: ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:1) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " +"остаётся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ сущСствовало Π΄Π²Π° способа Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " +"ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²: ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:1) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‘Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " "всСй Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ процСсс с ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ " "пространствС (ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 1:N). Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ основных особСнностСй ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°:" @@ -1485,14 +1485,14 @@ msgstr "" "АтомарныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… простыС " "арифмСтичСскиС дСйствия Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² памяти Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ " "ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ внСшним событиям (прСрываниям, Π²Ρ‹Ρ‚Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄.). АтомарныС " -"ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… " -"(порядка Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° `.long` Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ C), поэтому ΠΈΡ… слСдуСт Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простых ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ " -"(Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, установки Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π² Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅). На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ довольно просто ΠΈ " +"ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (" +"порядка Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° `.long` Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ C), поэтому ΠΈΡ… слСдуСт Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ " +"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простых ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ (" +"Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, установки Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° Π² Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅). На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ довольно просто ΠΈ " "часто ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ, полагаясь Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " "ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ lock-less). Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ FreeBSD прСдоставляСт способ " "выполнСния Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² сочСтании с Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ памяти. Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ памяти " -"Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ атомарная опСрация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС " +"Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ атомарная опСрация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС " "ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ памяти. НапримСр, Ссли Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " "атомарная опСрация Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ послС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ всСх ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… " "ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи (с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния пСрСупорядочивания Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² инструкций), Π½Π°ΠΌ " @@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@ msgid "" "threading. They consist mainly of three different stubs:" msgstr "" "Π‘Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ планирования ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для управлСния ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ². Они " -"Π² основном состоят ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π³Π»ΡƒΡˆΠ΅ΠΊ:" +"Π² основном состоят ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π³Π»ΡƒΡˆΠ΅ΠΊ:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:555 @@ -1841,7 +1841,7 @@ msgstr "" "гарантируСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ вытСснСн, " "всСгда Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ CPU. Π—Π°ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ эффСктивно Π² " "частном случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, привязанным ΠΊ " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ CPU, ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ измСнят эти " +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ CPU, ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ измСнят эти " "Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. ПослСднСС условиС Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ строгим " "условиСм для нашСго ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°." @@ -2246,7 +2246,7 @@ msgstr "" "Из Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#syscalls.master# скрипт Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°: [." "filename]#linux_syscall.h#, [.filename]#linux_proto.h# ΠΈ [." "filename]#linux_sysent.c#. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#linux_syscall.h# содСрТит " -"опрСдСлСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… числовых Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" +"опрСдСлСния ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… числовых Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€:" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/linux-emulation/_index.adoc:716 @@ -2809,7 +2809,7 @@ msgid "" "specific set of flags (more in the next subsection). The NPTL implements " "strict 1:1 threading." msgstr "" -"ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ NPTL создаСтся Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `clone` с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ " +"ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ NPTL создаСтся Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `clone` с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ " "Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅). NPTL Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡŽ " "модСль ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² 1:1." @@ -3361,7 +3361,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π½Π΅ срабатывало), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ процСсс Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ пространствС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ 1. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ дСскриптор ΠΈΠ· Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Linux(R) Π² " "ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ (Ρ‚.Π΅. Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ " -"Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² дСскриптор сСгмСнта, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ FreeBSD. НаконСц, ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " +"Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² дСскриптор сСгмСнта, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ FreeBSD. НаконСц, ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " "Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠœΡ‹ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌ дСскриптор PCB ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° (Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ управлСния процСссом) ΠΈ " "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌ сСгмСнт `%gs` с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `load_gs`. Π­Ρ‚Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ " "Π² критичСской сСкции, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ нас ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΉ " @@ -3846,7 +3846,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ истСкло врСмя оТидания) структура `working_proc` удаляСтся ΠΈΠ· " "списка ΠΈ уничтоТаСтся. ВсС это выполняСтся Π² Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `futex_sleep`. Если ΠΌΡ‹ " "Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `futex_wake`, Ρƒ нас установлСн `wp_new_futex`, " -"поэтому ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, фактичСскоС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " +"поэтому ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, фактичСскоС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " "выполняСтся Π² этой Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ." #. type: Title ===== diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-users/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-users/_index.po index 6390a8ecc8..bb025573fa 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-users/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/linux-users/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.adoc index fb175382cc..4800ba56d2 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.adoc @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ toc::[] + ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ MIME: ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ с MIME. * ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ настроСк Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΎ Π³Π»ΡƒΠΏΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ваши сообщСния всС Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ нСсколько сотСн сообщСний Π² дСнь. Π—Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ входящиС сообщСния ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΈ Ссли вашС сообщСниС Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ взглянут Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ. -* Основной объСм ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/var/log/messages#. НС ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Π΅ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², сдСлайтС копию Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, оставив Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ скопируйтС ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π ΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `dmesg`, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр, +* Основной ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/var/log/messages#. НС ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Ρ‘ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², сдСлайтС копию Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, оставив Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ скопируйтС ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏ Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `dmesg`, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр, + [source, shell] .... diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.po index e3bde8cfbe..cef909e05b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -484,15 +484,15 @@ msgid "" "message. For the output of programs like `dmesg`, redirect the output to a " "file and include that. For example," msgstr "" -"Основной объСм ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт " -"собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, " +"Основной ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, прСдставляСт " +"собой Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:dmesg[8], ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообщСния, " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/var/log/messages#. НС " -"ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Π΅ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " +"ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π½Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Π² Π΅Ρ‘ снова; это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " "Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ здСсь Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ содСрТимоС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², сдСлайтС копию Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, оставив Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ скопируйтС ΠΈ " -"Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " -"`dmesg`, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр," +"Π²ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ тСкст Π² вашС сообщСниС. Π’ случаС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `dmesg`" +", ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² письмо. НапримСр," #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/articles/mailing-list-faq/_index.adoc:154 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.adoc index 5338731a98..fc786bd0f1 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.adoc @@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ kbd:[Ctrl+L]:: для пСрСрисовки экрана kbd:[Ctrl+b] and kbd:[Ctrl+f]:: -для пСрСлистывания экрана Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² `more` ΠΈ `view`. +для пСрСлистывания экрана Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² `more` ΠΈ `view`. ΠŸΠΎΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ `vi` Π² своём домашнСм ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅, создав Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ `vi _filename_`, добавляя ΠΈ удаляя тСкст, сохраняя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ вызывая Π΅Π³ΠΎ снова. Π Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ `vi` прСподносит Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡŽΡ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ достаточно слоТный, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ, которая сдСлаСт Π½Π΅Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ. (НСкоторым людям Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нравится `vi`-ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ EDIT ΠΈΠ· DOS-посмотритС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `:r`.) Для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄, Π½Π°ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ kbd:[Esc] ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько Ρ€Π°Π·, ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ снова с этого мСста, Ссли Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, часто сохраняйтС тСкст ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ `:w` ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ `:q!` для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всё сначала (с вашСй послСднСй ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `:w`), Ссли это Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.po index e84a4f913c..a09e305301 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/new-users/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2022-02-01 09:21-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-07-05 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ msgstr "kbd:[Ctrl+b] and kbd:[Ctrl+f]" #: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:322 msgid "go back and forward a screen, as they do with `more` and `view`." msgstr "" -"для пСрСлистывания экрана Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² `more` ΠΈ `view`." +"для пСрСлистывания экрана Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‘Π΄ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² `more` ΠΈ `view`." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:327 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc index 42c66db2a2..6bad1ebbd5 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.adoc @@ -1541,9 +1541,6 @@ include::{include-path}pouria.key[] === `{siva}` include::{include-path}siva.key[] -=== `{nxjoseph}` -include::{include-path}nxjoseph.key[] - [[pgpkeys-other]] == Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ†Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… записСй diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po index bdb214237e..3e9f5bc72e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pgpkeys/_index.po @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-27 19:31+0300\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2026-02-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ msgid "" "for by first reviewing their existing contributions on IRC and mailing lists." msgstr "" "ΠœΡ‹ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΊ конструктивной ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ " -"сообщСства. Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ \"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ\" ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, нСписанных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ». " +"сообщСства. Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ \"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ\" ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, нСписанных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ». " "Π£ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ β€” это Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π½Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, оцСнивая Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² IRC ΠΈ Π² " "ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… рассылках." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po index a8d991ae80..759e6822a2 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/pr-guidelines/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc index f8674c68a6..d95808356b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ run_rc_command "$1" <.> [IMPORTANT] ==== -ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ прСфикс `${name}` ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌ всСх Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² нашСм скриптС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ с функциями ΠΈΠ· man:rc.subr[8] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. +ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ прСфикс `${name}` ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌ всСх Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² нашСм скриптС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ с функциями ΠΈΠ· man:rc.subr[8] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. ==== ➐ Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² man:rc.subr[8] Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ man:rc.conf[5]. Наш скрипт ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚, Π½ΠΎ всё Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ man:rc.conf[5], ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ man:rc.conf[5], ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ самим man:rc.subr[8]. @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ run_rc_command "$1" ==== -➍ Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ сообщСниС, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅, большС Π½Π΅ ТСстко Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² скриптС. Оно задаСтся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `dummy_msg` Π² man:rc.conf[5]. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ простой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ man:rc.conf[5] ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ скриптом Π² [.filename]#rc.d#. +➍ Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ сообщСниС, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅, большС Π½Π΅ Тёстко Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² скриптС. Оно задаСтся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `dummy_msg` Π² man:rc.conf[5]. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ простой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ man:rc.conf[5] ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ скриптом Π² [.filename]#rc.d#. [IMPORTANT] ==== @@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ run_rc_command "$1" [NOTE] ==== -Π₯отя ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ имя Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, просто `msg`, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСфикса `${name}_` ΠΊΠΎ всСм Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌ, Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ нашим скриптом, ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ нас ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² с пространством ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ man:rc.subr[8]. +Π₯отя ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ имя Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, просто `msg`, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСфикса `${name}_` ΠΊΠΎ всСм Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌ, Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ нашим скриптом, ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ нас ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² с пространством ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ man:rc.subr[8]. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, скрипты [.filename]#rc.d# Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ для своих ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… man:rc.conf[5], ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ установлСны Π² [.filename]#/etc/defaults/rc.conf#. Π‘ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, скрипты [.filename]#rc.d# для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅. ==== @@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ fi Помимо использования ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… строк man:rcorder[8], скрипт ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° своСй зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ слуТбы, просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ запуская Π΅Ρ‘. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° другая слуТба являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ запускаСтся ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСмный администратор ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ» Π΅Ρ‘ Π² man:rc.conf[5]. -Π‘ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этих ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ рассмотрим простой скрипт Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ зависимостями: +Π‘ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этих ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ рассмотрим простой скрипт Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ зависимостями: [.programlisting] .... @@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ run_rc_command "$1" # service dummy_foo start .... -Π’Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ создаСт экзСмпляр слуТбы dummy с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ dummy_foo. Он ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/local/etc/dummy.cfg#, Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/local/etc/dummy_foo.cfg# (➐), ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ PID-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#/var/run/dummy/dummy_foo.pid# вмСсто [.filename]#/var/run/dummy/dummy.pid#. +Π’Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ создаСт экзСмпляр слуТбы dummy с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ dummy_foo. Он ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/local/etc/dummy.cfg#, Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/local/etc/dummy_foo.cfg# (➐), ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ PID-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#/var/run/dummy/dummy_foo.pid# вмСсто [.filename]#/var/run/dummy/dummy.pid#. БСрвисы dummy ΠΈ dummy_foo ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ нСзависимо Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом скрипт запуска обновляСтся автоматичСски ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π° (благодаря символьной ссылкС). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ обновляСт строку REQUIRE, поэтому Π½Π΅Ρ‚ простого способа Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ экзСмпляра. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ экзСмпляра Π² порядкС запуска, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ копию вмСсто использования символьной ссылки. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ автоматичСскоС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² скриптС запуска ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ установкС обновлСния. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.po index 8995309522..0eeb313a8b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/rc-scripting/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ msgid "" "man:rc.subr[8] or another common include file." msgstr "" "ΠΠ°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ прСфикс `${name}` ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌ всСх " -"Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² нашСм скриптС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ с " +"Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² нашСм скриптС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ с " "функциями ΠΈΠ· man:rc.subr[8] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°." #. type: Plain text @@ -805,10 +805,10 @@ msgid "" "`dummy_msg`. This is a trivial example of how man:rc.conf[5] variables can " "control an [.filename]#rc.d# script." msgstr "" -"➍ Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ сообщСниС, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅, большС Π½Π΅ ТСстко " -"Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² скриптС. Оно задаСтся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `dummy_msg` Π² man:rc." -"conf[5]. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ простой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ man:rc.conf[5] ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " -"ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ скриптом Π² [.filename]#rc.d#." +"➍ Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ сообщСниС, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅, большС Π½Π΅ Тёстко " +"Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² скриптС. Оно задаСтся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `dummy_msg` Π² man:rc.conf[5]" +". Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ простой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ man:rc.conf[5] ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " +"скриптом Π² [.filename]#rc.d#." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc:304 @@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π₯отя ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ имя Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, просто `msg`, " "Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСфикса `${name}_` ΠΊΠΎ всСм Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌ, " "Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ нашим скриптом, ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ нас ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² с пространством " -"ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ man:rc.subr[8]." +"ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ man:rc.subr[8]." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/rc-scripting/_index.adoc:312 @@ -1673,7 +1673,7 @@ msgid "" "With this general knowledge in mind, let us consider the simple daemon " "script enhanced with dependency stuff:" msgstr "" -"Π‘ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этих ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ рассмотрим простой скрипт Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " +"Π‘ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этих ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ рассмотрим простой скрипт Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " "зависимостями:" #. type: delimited block . 4 *** 207 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 11:57:32 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYcCx1dZJz6Vh3G for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:57:32 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 273d9 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:57:32 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: e8280d6473 - main - update translation of articles/ part3 to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: e8280d64739d6c59351fa405c15eb43127f2da5b Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 11:57:32 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69eac.273d9.46fc7501@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=e8280d64739d6c59351fa405c15eb43127f2da5b commit e8280d64739d6c59351fa405c15eb43127f2da5b Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 11:57:19 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 11:57:19 +0000 update translation of articles/ part3 to Russian Reviewed by: andy, marck Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55587 --- .../content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc | 18 +++--- .../content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.po | 24 ++++---- .../content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.adoc | 18 +++--- .../content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.po | 24 ++++---- .../content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.adoc | 10 ++-- documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.po | 14 ++--- .../content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc | 54 ++++++++--------- .../content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.po | 70 +++++++++++----------- 8 files changed, 116 insertions(+), 116 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc index a1e802e10e..d172ca320e 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc @@ -361,11 +361,11 @@ RS232-C Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ опрСдСляСт сигнал ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ` |Π Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ тСстирования |=== -=== Π‘ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹, Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ +=== Π‘ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹, Π±ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ символы Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (Baud) β€” это Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Π° измСрСния скорости ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π² асинхронной связи. Из-Π·Π° развития Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ связи этот Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ часто ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ для описания скорости ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² соврСмСнных устройствах. -Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (Baud Rate) прСдставляСт количСство Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², фактичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ срСдС, Π° Π½Π΅ объСм Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства DTE ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Baud Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ слуТСбныС Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ β€” Start, Stop ΠΈ Parity, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ UART ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ UART. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ 7-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ слова Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 10 Π±ΠΈΡ‚ для ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ, способный ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ 300 Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π² сСкунду, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ 30 7-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… слов, Ссли ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Parity ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Start ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Stop. +Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (Baud Rate) прСдставляСт количСство Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², фактичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ срСдС, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства DTE ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Baud Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ слуТСбныС Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ β€” Start, Stop ΠΈ Parity, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ UART ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ UART. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ 7-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ слова Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 10 Π±ΠΈΡ‚ для ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ, способный ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ 300 Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π² сСкунду, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ 30 7-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… слов, Ссли ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Parity ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Start ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Stop. Если ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ 8-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ слова Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ чётности, ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сниТаСтся Π΄ΠΎ 27,27 слов Π² сСкунду, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡŒΠΌΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… слов трСбуСтся 11 Π±ΠΈΡ‚, Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ-ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ 300 Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π² сСкунду. @@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ PC16550D:: ==== NS16550AF ΠΈ PC16550D β€” это ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ -Компания National Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° свою систСму Π½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅ΠΉ нСсколько Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ NS16550AFN большС Π½Π΅ сущСствуСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ этим Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. (Если Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NS16550AFN, посмотритС Π½Π° Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ изготовлСния Π½Π° корпусС β€” это Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ с дСвятки. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΠ΄, Π° послСдниС Π΄Π²Π΅ β€” нСдСлю Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½. Если Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NS16550AFN, скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ довольно старый.) +Компания National Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° свою систСму Π½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅ΠΉ нСсколько Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ NS16550AFN большС Π½Π΅ сущСствуСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ этим Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. (Если Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NS16550AFN, посмотритС Π½Π° Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ изготовлСния Π½Π° корпусС β€” это Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ…Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ с дСвятки. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΠ΄, Π° послСдниС Π΄Π²Π΅ β€” нСдСлю Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½. Если Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NS16550AFN, скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ довольно старый.) НовыС Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° выглядят ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ PC16550DV, с Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ отличиями Π² суффиксных Π±ΡƒΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ… Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° корпуса ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. (ОписаниС систСмы Π½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅.) @@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ PC16550D:: Когда компания National Semiconductor Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»Π° NS16550, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° нСсколько ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° эту ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ выпуск Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² с Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ характСристиками. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ спроСктированныС конструкции ΠΈ эмуляции Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ВпослСдствии эти ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ NS16550A ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ PC16550D, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ вострСбованными производитСлями ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρƒ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ для получСния ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅ΠΉ. -НСкоторыС различия Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… микросхСм 16550A нСсущСствСнны, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ использованию устройства с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ различия ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ событий, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ протСстированы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅ Windows(R). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² 16550 ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Microsoft ΠΈΠ· Windows(R) for Workgroups 3.11 ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Microsoft(R) MS-DOS(R) Π² качСствС осно Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСстов Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с NS16550A. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. +НСкоторыС различия Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… микросхСм 16550A нСсущСствСнны, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ использованию устройства с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ различия ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ событий, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ протСстированы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅ Windows(R). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² 16550 ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Microsoft ΠΈΠ· Windows(R) for Workgroups 3.11 ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Microsoft(R) MS-DOS(R) Π² качСствС осно Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСстов Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с NS16550A. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. National Semiconductor прСдоставила ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ COMTEST, которая выполняСт тСсты совмСстимости нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ОБ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ β€” дСмонстрация нСдостатков Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², поэтому ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… различиях Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ тСстируСмого ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. @@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ National Semiconductor прСдоставила ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π· На сСгодняшний дСнь Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ» Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅-National ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π» Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ различия ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ COMTEST. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ слСдуСт ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ National Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ вСрсий 16550 Π·Π° эти Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΈ новСйшиС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ сСбя нСсколько ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ классичСский NS16550AFN, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ считаСтся эталоном Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. COMTEST, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° Π½Π° различия Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² National ΠΈ Π½Π΅ сообщаСт ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… National (Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 16550), Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ errata , ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ошибки Π² рСвизиях A, B ΠΈ C этих ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², поэтому эту ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ COMTEST Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. ==== -Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ простоС подсчитываниС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ с COMTEST Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСдставлСния ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ различия сущСствСнны, Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. НапримСр, ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… с Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ UART, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ UART Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ пяти- ΠΈ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов. НастоящиС UART 16550, 16450 ΠΈ 8250 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ эти Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹, ΠΈ COMTEST провСряСт ΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, поэтому фиксируСтся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ пятидСсяти Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ. Однако ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ соврСмСнный ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ пяти- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ символы, особСнно Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ функциями ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ошибок ΠΈ сТатия. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ различия, связанныС с Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ пяти- ΠΈ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. +Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ простоС подсчитываниС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ с COMTEST Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСдставлСния ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ различия сущСствСнны, Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. НапримСр, ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… с Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ UART, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ UART Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ пяти- ΠΈ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов. НастоящиС UART 16550, 16450 ΠΈ 8250 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ эти Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹, ΠΈ COMTEST провСряСт ΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, поэтому фиксируСтся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ пятидСсяти Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ. Однако ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ соврСмСнный ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ пяти- ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ символы, особСнно Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ функциями ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ошибок ΠΈ сТатия. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ различия, связанныС с Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ пяти- ΠΈ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. МногиС различия, ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… сообщаСт COMTEST, связаны с Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ характСристиками. Π’ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… конструкциях, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° хост Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°, статусныС Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ (быстрСС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅), Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ _настоящСго_ NS16550AFN, ΠΈ COMTEST выявляСт эти различия. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ количСство Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π·Π°Π±Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ устройство ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ всСго ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° различия, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ устройство, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ статусныС рСгистры быстрСС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ эталонной Ρ‡ асти (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, вСроятно, Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ повлияСт Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ написанного Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°), ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ дСсятки зарСгистрированных Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ. @@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ COMTEST ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС инструмС Error (6)...Timeout interrupt failed: IIR = c1 LSR = 61 .... -=== 8250/16450/16550 РСгистры +=== РСгистры 8250/16450/16550 UART 8250/16450/16550 Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ восСмь ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… адрСсов ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°-Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ IBM PC ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π²Π° располоТСния для этих восьми ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ вмСстС извСстны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#COM1# ΠΈ [.filename]#COM2#. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ PC-ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ создали Π΄Π²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… области, извСстных ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#COM3# ΠΈ [.filename]#COM4#, Π½ΠΎ эти Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ COM-ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах. НаиболСС распространённый ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ с Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡŽ IBM 8514. @@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ UART 8250/16450/1655 классифицируСт события Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€ |РСгистр состояния Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ (LSR β€” Line Status Register) + Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 7 -> Ошибка Π² FIFO ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. На UART 8250/16450 этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ устанавливаСтся Π² Β«1Β», ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° любой ΠΈΠ· Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² FIFO ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… условий ошибки: PE, FE ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ BI. + Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 6 -> ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ пуст (TEMT). Когда установлСн Π² Β«1Β», Π² FIFO ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сдвиговом рСгистрС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ слов. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ бСздСйствуСт. + -Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 5 -> РСгистр хранСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° пуст (THRE). Когда установлСн Π² Β«1Β», Π² FIFO (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ рСгистрС хранСния) Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ слова. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚ установлСн Π² Β«1Β». + +Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 5 -> РСгистр хранСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° пуст (THRE). Когда установлСн Π² Β«1Β», Π² FIFO (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ рСгистрС хранСния) Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ слова. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ всС Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚ установлСн Π² Β«1Β». + Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 4 -> ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Break (BI). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ» сигнал Break. + Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 3 -> Ошибка кадрирования (FE). ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ стартовый Π±ΠΈΡ‚, Π½ΠΎ стоповый Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π΅ появился Π² ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ врСмя. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ΅ слово, вСроятно, искаТСно. + Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 2 -> Ошибка чётности (PE). Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ чётности для принятого слова Π±Ρ‹Π» Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Π½. + @@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ TIL16660:: Hayes ESP:: Π­Ρ‚Π° проприСтарная внСшняя ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° содСрТит Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 2048 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎ 230,4 ΠšΠ±ΠΈΡ‚/с. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Hayes. -Π’ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ этим "простым" UART ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ для ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ связи. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ конструкции ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ микропроцСссор, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ взаимодСйствуСт с нСсколькими UART, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ нСобходимости увСдомляСт основной процСссор ПК. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ систСмС связи UART Π½Π΅ доступны Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ процСссору ПК, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ UART, совмСстимыС с 8250, 16450 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 16550. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ свободу Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈ характСристиками ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. +Π’ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ этим "простым" UART ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ для ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ связи. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ конструкции ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ микропроцСссор, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ взаимодСйствуСт с нСсколькими UART, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ нСобходимости увСдомляСт основной процСссор ПК. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ систСмС связи UART Π½Π΅ доступны Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ процСссору ПК, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ UART, совмСстимыС с 8250, 16450 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 16550. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ свободу Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈ характСристиками ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. [[sio]] == Настройка Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π° [.filename]#sio# @@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ IRQ 2 3 4 5 Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ A ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ для IRQ 5, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ B β€” для IRQ 3. Π‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Π±Ρ†Ρ‹ IRQ Π½Π° вашСй ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ β€” Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ для IRQ 3, 4, 5 ΠΈ 7. -МоТно Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ IRQ 3 с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ самодСльной ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ всС Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ соСдинСния Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ IRQ 3, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ. НСвозмоТно Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IRQ 3, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ UART соСдинСны ΠΏΠΎ схСмС "ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ И", ΠΈ Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· UART управляСт IRQ 3, Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ сигнал Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ оТидаСтся. Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, линия IRQ 3 Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ постоянно Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² высоком ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ всСгда ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. +МоТно Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ IRQ 3 с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ самодСльной ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ всС Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ соСдинСния Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ IRQ 3, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ. НСвозмоТно Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IRQ 3, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ UART соСдинСны ΠΏΠΎ схСмС "ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ И", ΠΈ Ссли ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· UART управляСт IRQ 3, Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ сигнал Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ оТидаСтся. Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, линия IRQ 3 Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ постоянно Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² высоком ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ всСгда ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. Π’Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ для Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… UART, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ линия прСрывания ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ поднималась Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° (ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°), ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· UART Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС. РСшСниС Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π™ΠΎΡ€Π³ΠΎΠΌ Π’ΡƒΠ½ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ mailto:j@ida.interface-business.de[j@ida.interface-business.de]: ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ схСму "ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π˜Π›Π˜", ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π³Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Π¨ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ) ΠΈ рСзистора Π½Π° 1 кОм. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ схСма, начиная с ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ поля 4x3 Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.po index ab608b6c26..a0e7e0d534 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/serial-uart/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-09 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ msgstr "Π Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ тСстирования" #: documentation/content/en/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc:408 #, no-wrap msgid "Bits, Baud and Symbols" -msgstr "Π‘ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹, Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Ρ‹" +msgstr "Π‘ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹, Π±ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ символы" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc:412 @@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@ msgid "" "bit words if Parity is used and one Start and Stop bit are present." msgstr "" "Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (Baud Rate) прСдставляСт количСство Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², " -"фактичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ срСдС, Π° Π½Π΅ объСм Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " +"фактичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ срСдС, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства DTE ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Baud Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "слуТСбныС Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ β€” Start, Stop ΠΈ Parity, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ UART " "ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ UART. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ 7-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ слова Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° " @@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@ msgstr "" "Компания National Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° свою систСму Π½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅ΠΉ нСсколько " "Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ NS16550AFN большС Π½Π΅ сущСствуСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ этим Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. (Если Ρƒ " "вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NS16550AFN, посмотритС Π½Π° Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ изготовлСния Π½Π° корпусС β€” это " -"Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ с дСвятки. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€Ρ‹ " +"Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ…Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ с дСвятки. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€Ρ‹ " "ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΠ΄, Π° послСдниС Π΄Π²Π΅ β€” нСдСлю Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½. Если " "Ρƒ вас Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NS16550AFN, скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ довольно старый.)" @@ -2108,9 +2108,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "НСкоторыС различия Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… микросхСм 16550A нСсущСствСнны, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ использованию устройства с " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ различия ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ различия ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ событий, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ протСстированы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ событий, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ протСстированы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " "ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅ Windows(R). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² 16550 ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Microsoft ΠΈΠ· " "Windows(R) for Workgroups 3.11 ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ Microsoft(R) MS-DOS(R) Π² качСствС " @@ -2326,7 +2326,7 @@ msgid "" "error-correction and compression capabilities. This means that the " "differences related to five- and six-bit character modes can be discounted." msgstr "" -"Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ простоС подсчитываниС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ с COMTEST Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " +"Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ простоС подсчитываниС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ с COMTEST Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " "прСдставлСния ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ различия сущСствСнны, Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. НапримСр, " "ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… с " "Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ UART, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ UART Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ " @@ -2395,7 +2395,7 @@ msgstr "Error (6)...Timeout interrupt failed: IIR = c1 LSR = 61\n" #: documentation/content/en/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc:654 #, no-wrap msgid "8250/16450/16550 Registers" -msgstr "8250/16450/16550 РСгистры" +msgstr "РСгистры 8250/16450/16550" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/serial-uart/_index.adoc:660 @@ -2797,7 +2797,7 @@ msgstr "" "бСздСйствуСт. +\n" "Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 5 -> РСгистр хранСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° пуст (THRE). Когда установлСн Π² Β«1Β», Π² " "FIFO (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ рСгистрС хранСния) Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ " -"ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ слова. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, " +"ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ слова. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ всС Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, " "ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚ установлСн Π² Β«1Β». +\n" "Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 4 -> ΠŸΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Break (BI). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ» сигнал Break. +\n" "Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ 3 -> Ошибка кадрирования (FE). ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ стартовый Π±ΠΈΡ‚, Π½ΠΎ стоповый Π±ΠΈΡ‚ " @@ -2944,7 +2944,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ нСобходимости увСдомляСт " "основной процСссор ПК. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ систСмС связи UART Π½Π΅ доступны " "Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ процСссору ПК, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ UART, " -"совмСстимыС с 8250, 16450 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 16550. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ свободу Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° " +"совмСстимыС с 8250, 16450 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 16550. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ свободу Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈ характСристиками ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ." #. type: Title == @@ -3465,7 +3465,7 @@ msgstr "" "самодСльной ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ всС Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ соСдинСния Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ IRQ 3, " "Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ. НСвозмоТно Π΄ΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ IRQ 3, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ UART соСдинСны ΠΏΠΎ схСмС \"ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ И\", ΠΈ Ссли " -"ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· UART управляСт IRQ 3, Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ сигнал Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ оТидаСтся. " +"ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· UART управляСт IRQ 3, Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ сигнал Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ оТидаСтся. " "Π’ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, линия " "IRQ 3 Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ постоянно Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² высоком ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ всСгда ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ " "Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.adoc index ee80d558a0..663594956a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.adoc @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ endif::[] Π’ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ описываСтся использованиС Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… дисковых устройств для создания встраиваСмых систСм Π½Π° основС FreeBSD. -ВстраиваСмыС систСмы ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ прСимущСство Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ надёТности ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ отсутствия Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… двиТущихся частСй (ТСстких дисков). Однако, слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСмС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, доступно ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅ дисковоС пространство ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ устройства. +ВстраиваСмыС систСмы ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ прСимущСство Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ надёТности ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ отсутствия Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… двиТущихся частСй (Тёстких дисков). Однако, слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСмС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, доступно ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅ дисковоС пространство ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ устройства. К ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рассматриваСмым вопросам относятся Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΈ характСристики Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… носитСлСй, подходящих для использования Π² качСствС дисков Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ядра, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ интСрСс Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… условиях, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ [.filename]#rc.initdiskless#, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… систСм ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ трСбованиям Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, доступных Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ построСниС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм с нуля. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ заканчиваСтся описаниСм Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… стратСгий для случаСв ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹Ρ… систСм FreeBSD ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния. @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ toc::[] [[intro]] == Π’Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ дисковыС устройства -Π­Ρ‚Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ рассмотрСниСм Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… дисковых устройств, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти. ЀлСш-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ являСтся Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ (здСсь Π½Π΅Ρ‚ двиТущихся частСй) Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ устройством, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ являСтся энСргонСзависимым (Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² памяти Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ послС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ всСх источников питания). ЀлСш-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ физичСским воздСйствиям ΠΈ достаточно быстра (Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти, описываСмыС Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ диски EIDE для ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи, ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ ΠΎ быстрСС ΠΈΡ… Π² случаС выполнСния ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ чтСния). Одним ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… свойств Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ рассмотрСны Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ снова Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° сСктор Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ количСство Ρ€Π°Π· Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСктор станСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ нСработоспособным. Π₯отя ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ испорчСнныС Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π ·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ являСтся Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ограничСния Π½Π° количСство ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с устройством. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ характСристики ΠΎΡ‚ 1,000,000 Π΄ΠΎ 10,000,000 Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² записи Π½Π° сСктор. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ характСристики ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ срСды. +Π­Ρ‚Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ рассмотрСниСм Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… дисковых устройств, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти. ЀлСш-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ являСтся Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ (здСсь Π½Π΅Ρ‚ двиТущихся частСй) Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ устройством, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ являСтся энСргонСзависимым (Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² памяти Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ послС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ всСх источников питания). ЀлСш-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ физичСским воздСйствиям ΠΈ достаточно быстра (Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти, описываСмыС Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ диски EIDE для ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи, ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ ΠΎ быстрСС ΠΈΡ… Π² случаС выполнСния ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ чтСния). Одним ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… свойств Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ рассмотрСны Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ снова Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° сСктор Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ количСство Ρ€Π°Π· Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСктор станСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ нСработоспособным. Π₯отя ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ испорчСнныС Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π ·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŽ, Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ являСтся Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ограничСния Π½Π° количСство ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с устройством. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ характСристики ΠΎΡ‚ 1,000,000 Π΄ΠΎ 10,000,000 Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² записи Π½Π° сСктор. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ характСристики ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ срСды. Π’ частности, ΠΌΡ‹ обсудим ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти, совмСстимыС со стандартом ATA, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ стали вСсьма популярными Π² качСствС носитСля Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. ΠžΡΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрСс прСдставляСт Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ шинС IDE ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ совмСстимы с Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ ATA. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ простого ΠΈ дСшСвого Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ устройства ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΊ шинС IDE ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. Если ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ FreeBSD, Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ диск ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ винчСстСр (вСсьма малСнький). @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ toc::[] Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ создаСт Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ систСму FreeBSD, интСрСс ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ нСсколько ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ядра. -ВсС встраиваСмыС систСмы FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС систСмного диска, заинтСрСсованы Π² использовании дисков Π² памяти ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм Π² памяти. Из-Π·Π° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ количСства Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² записи, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, диск ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚, скорСС всСго, ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ доступа Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния. Π’ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ случаС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° [.filename]#/tmp# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var# ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π² памяти для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСмС ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ счСтчики ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π° ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π² памяти ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ критичСским ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ FreeBSD Π½Π° Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройствах. +ВсС встраиваСмыС систСмы FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС систСмного диска, заинтСрСсованы Π² использовании дисков Π² памяти ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм Π² памяти. Из-Π·Π° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ количСства Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² записи, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, диск ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π½Π° Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚, скорСС всСго, ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ доступа Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния. Π’ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ случаС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° [.filename]#/tmp# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var# ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π² памяти для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСмС ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ счСтчики ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π° ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π² памяти ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ критичСским ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ FreeBSD Π½Π° Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройствах. Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ вашСго ядра ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ строки: @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ options MD_ROOT # md device usable as a potential root device Π˜Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ встраиваСмой систСмы FreeBSD послС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ управляСтся [.filename]#/etc/rc.initdiskless#. -[.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ [.filename]#/var# ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² памяти, создаСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ список ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π² [.filename]#/var# ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:mkdir[1], измСняСт Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ доступа Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· этих ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². Π’ процСссС выполнСния [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# задСйствуСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° пСрСмСнная [.filename]#rc.conf# - `varsize`. Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# создаСт Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/var# Π½Π° основС значСния этой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#rc.conf#: +[.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ [.filename]#/var# ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π² памяти, создаСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ список ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π² [.filename]#/var# ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:mkdir[1], измСняСт Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ доступа Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· этих ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². Π’ процСссС выполнСния [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# задСйствуСтся Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° пСрСмСнная [.filename]#rc.conf# - `varsize`. Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# создаСт Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/var# Π½Π° основС значСния этой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#rc.conf#: [.programlisting] .... @@ -117,17 +117,17 @@ varsize=8192 == Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы с нуля -Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ совмСстимыС с ATA ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ТСсткиС диски IDE, Ρ‚ΠΎ тСорСтичСски Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ сСти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚-диска. +Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ совмСстимыС с ATA ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ТёсткиС диски IDE, Ρ‚ΠΎ тСорСтичСски Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ сСти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚-диска. Однако Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ малСнькая установка FreeBSD ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ установки ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ созданию систСмы Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ 200 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ людСй ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ устройства Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти мСньшСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° (128 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ считаСтся вСсьма большим - 32 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ 16 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅), Ρ‚ΠΎ установка ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚-просто Π½Π° дискС Π½Π΅Ρ‚ мСста Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ для самой минимальной установки. -Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ простым способом ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ это ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° объСм являСтся установка FreeBSD ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ТСсткий диск. ПослС окончания установки, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ помСщаСтся Π½Π° ваш Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ шаги ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ вас Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· процСсс ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ части Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти для вашСй Π·Π°Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ обычная установка Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, созданиС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСм Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot Π²Π°ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ дискСтой fixit. +Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ простым способом ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ это ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ являСтся установка FreeBSD ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Тёсткий диск. ПослС окончания установки, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ помСщаСтся Π½Π° ваш Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ шаги ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ вас Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· процСсс ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ части Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти для вашСй Π·Π°Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ обычная установка Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, созданиС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСм Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot Π²Π°ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ дискСтой fixit. [.procedure] ==== . Π Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вашСго Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-носитСля Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ + -ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot, Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ `custom` ΠΈΠ· мСню установки. Из ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π° мСню Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `partition`. Π’ мСню Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ клавиши kbd:[d]. ПослС удалСния всСх ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² создайтС Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ клавиши kbd:[c] ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°. Когда Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ `165`. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ эту Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° диск, Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°Π² ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡˆΡƒ kbd:[w] (Π½Π° этом экранС эта ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈ я скрыта). Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ с ATA, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD Boot Manager. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡˆΡƒ kbd:[q] для Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· мСню Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π”ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π· мСню для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ - ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅. +ПослС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot, Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ `custom` ΠΈΠ· мСню установки. Из ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π° мСню Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `partition`. Π’ мСню Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ клавиши kbd:[d]. ПослС удалСния всСх ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² создайтС Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ клавиши kbd:[c] ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°. Когда Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ `165`. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ эту Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° диск, Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°Π² ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡˆΡƒ kbd:[w] (Π½Π° этом экранС эта ΠΎΠΏΡ†ΠΈ я скрыта). Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ с ATA, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD Boot Manager. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡˆΡƒ kbd:[q] для Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· мСню Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π”ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π· мСню для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ - ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅. . Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм Π½Π° вашСм устройствС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти + Π’Ρ‹ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ· мСню установки custom, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мСню установки Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ `fixit`. ПослС Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ fixit, Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ: @@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ a: 123456 0 4.2BSD 0 0 # route add default 192.168.0.1 .... + -Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° машина находится Π² сСти, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ваш tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ - Ссли объСм вашСй Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½, ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, 128 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π° ваш tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ 64 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π½Π° Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-носитСлС ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ - Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ мСста. Одним ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ FTP, являСтся распаковка Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ FTP. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° дискС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ содСрТимоС: +Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° машина находится Π² сСти, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ваш tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ - Ссли ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ вашСй Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½, ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, 128 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π° ваш tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ 64 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π½Π° Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-носитСлС ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ - Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ мСста. Одним ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ FTP, являСтся распаковка Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ FTP. Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° дискС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ содСрТимоС: + [source, shell] .... @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ ftp> get tarfile.tar "| zcat | tar xvf -" === Cron -Π’ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ содСрТимоС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³a [.filename]#/var# формируСтся скриптом [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/etc/mtree/BSD.var.dist#, поэтому Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ создаСтся нСсколько стандартных ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π² числС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… - [.filename]#cron#, [.filename]#cron/tabs#, [.filename]#at#. +Π’ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ содСрТимоС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³a [.filename]#/var# формируСтся скриптом [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/etc/mtree/BSD.var.dist#, поэтому Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ создаСтся нСсколько стандартных ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π² числС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… - [.filename]#cron#, [.filename]#cron/tabs#, [.filename]#at#. Однако это Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ с сохранСниСм cron-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Когда систСма пСрСзагруТаСтся, Ρ‚ΠΎ файловая систСма [.filename]#/var#, которая располагаСтся Π² памяти, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π°, вмСстС со всСми cron-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ созданиС cron-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† для ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вашСй Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы [.filename]#/# Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ чтСния ΠΈ записи, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этих cron-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† Π² бСзопасноС мСсто, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Π² [.filename]#/etc/tabs#, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ строки Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ† скрипта [.filename]#/e tc/rc.initdiskless# для копирования этих cron-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#/var/cron/tabs# послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ создания Π²ΠΎ врСмя ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ систСмы. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ строку, которая измСняСт Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ доступа ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ создали, ΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ скопировали Π² скриптС [.filename]#/etc/rc.initdiskless#. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.po index 3387b5de09..afa4125ead 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/solid-state/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:30-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-20 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-25 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ msgid "" "the storage medium." msgstr "" "ВстраиваСмыС систСмы ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ прСимущСство Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ надёТности ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ " -"отсутствия Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… двиТущихся частСй (ТСстких дисков). Однако, слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " +"отсутствия Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… двиТущихся частСй (Тёстких дисков). Однако, слСдуСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " "Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСмС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, доступно ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅ дисковоС " -"пространство ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ устройства." +"пространство ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ устройства." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/solid-state/_index.adoc:53 @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ msgstr "" "чтСния). Одним ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… свойств Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти, Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ рассмотрСны Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π² этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ " "сСктор ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ " -"Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ снова Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° сСктор Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ " +"Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ снова Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° сСктор Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ " "количСство Ρ€Π°Π· Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСктор станСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ нСработоспособным. Π₯отя " "ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° основС Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти автоматичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ " "испорчСнныС Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ записи ΠΏΠΎ всСму " @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ msgstr "" "ВсС встраиваСмыС систСмы FreeBSD, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² качСствС " "систСмного диска, заинтСрСсованы Π² использовании дисков Π² памяти ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… " "систСм Π² памяти. Из-Π·Π° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ количСства Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² записи, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ " -"Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, диск ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚, скорСС " +"Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, диск ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π½Π° Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚, скорСС " "всСго, ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ доступа Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния. Π’ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ случаС " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° [.filename]#/tmp# ΠΈ [.filename]#/var# ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π² памяти для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСмС ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ " @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π² памяти, создаСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ список ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π² [.filename]#/var# ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " "ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ man:mkdir[1], измСняСт Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ доступа Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· этих " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². Π’ процСссС выполнСния [.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# задСйствуСтся " -"Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° пСрСмСнная [.filename]#rc.conf# - `varsize`. Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ [.filename]#/" +"Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° пСрСмСнная [.filename]#rc.conf# - `varsize`. Π‘ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ‚ [.filename]#/" "etc/rc.d/var# создаСт Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» [.filename]#/var# Π½Π° основС значСния этой " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#rc.conf#:" @@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ msgid "" "the kern and mfsroot floppies or from a CD." msgstr "" "Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ совмСстимыС с ATA ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " -"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ТСсткиС диски IDE, Ρ‚ΠΎ тСорСтичСски Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ " +"ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ТёсткиС диски IDE, Ρ‚ΠΎ тСорСтичСски Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ " "сСти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ дискСт kern ΠΈ mfsroot ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚-диска." #. type: Plain text @@ -401,8 +401,8 @@ msgid "" "to be performed by hand. In addition to the kern and mfsroot floppy disks, " "you will also need to use the fixit floppy." msgstr "" -"Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ простым способом ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ это ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° объСм являСтся установка " -"FreeBSD ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ТСсткий диск. ПослС окончания установки, " +"Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ простым способом ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ это ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ являСтся установка " +"FreeBSD ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Тёсткий диск. ПослС окончания установки, " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ помСщаСтся Π½Π° ваш Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-" "Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ шаги " "ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ вас Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· процСсс ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ части Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти для вашСй " @@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°Π² ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡˆΡƒ kbd:[w] (Π½Π° этом экранС эта опция скрыта). Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ с ATA, Π²Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ FreeBSD Boot " "Manager. Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΆΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡˆΡƒ kbd:[q] для Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· мСню Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с " -"Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π”ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π· мСню для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ - " +"Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π”ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π· мСню для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ - " "ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅." #. type: delimited block = 4 @@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ msgid "" "file and the tar contents on your disk at the same time:" msgstr "" "Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° машина находится Π² сСти, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ваш tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ " -"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ - Ссли объСм вашСй Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти " +"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ - Ссли ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ вашСй Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-памяти " "Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½, ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, 128 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π° ваш tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ 64 ΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Π²Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ tar-Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π½Π° Ρ„Π»Π΅Ρˆ-носитСлС ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Π΅Π³ΠΎ - Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ мСста. Одним ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ " @@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ содСрТимоС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³a [.filename]#/var# формируСтся скриптом " "[.filename]#/etc/rc.d/var# ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#/etc/mtree/BSD.var" -".dist#, поэтому Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ создаСтся нСсколько стандартных ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π² числС " +".dist#, поэтому Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ создаСтся нСсколько стандартных ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π² числС " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… - [.filename]#cron#, [.filename]#cron/tabs#, [.filename]#at#." #. type: delimited block = 4 diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.adoc index b958205042..ddebec7ce0 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.adoc @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ image::vinum-striped.png[] .ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ `RAID`-5 image::vinum-raid5-org.png[] -По ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, `RAID-5` ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ прСимущСство Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ мСньшСго Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объСма Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ чтСния Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ записи Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ 25% ΠΎΡ‚ скорости чтСния. Если ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ диск Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈΠ· строя, массив ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π² Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ доступных дисков продолТаСтся Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ диска пСрСсчитываСтся ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² всСх ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ дисков. +По ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, `RAID-5` ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ прСимущСство Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ мСньшСго Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ чтСния Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ записи Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ 25% ΠΎΡ‚ скорости чтСния. Если ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ диск Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈΠ· строя, массив ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π² Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ доступных дисков продолТаСтся Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, Π° Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ диска пСрСсчитываСтся ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² всСх ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ дисков. [[vinum-objects]] == ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ [.filename]#vinum# @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ image::vinum-raid5-org.png[] Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ эти ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ для [.filename]#vinum#. -=== Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² +=== Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠŸΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ нСсколько поддисков, распрСдСлСнных ΠΏΠΎ всСм дискам Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ [.filename]#vinum#. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ диска Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ плСкса ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°. @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ image::vinum-raid10-vol.png[] [[vinum-object-naming]] == ИмСнованиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² -[.filename]#vinum# Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ стандартныС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° для плСксов ΠΈ поддисков, хотя ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. НС рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ стандартныС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… прСимущСств ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ. +[.filename]#vinum# Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ стандартныС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° для плСксов ΠΈ поддисков, хотя ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. НС рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ стандартныС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… прСимущСств ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ. ИмСна ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ нСпустыС символы, Π½ΠΎ рСкомСндуСтся ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±ΡƒΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ символами подчёркивания. ИмСна Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², плСксов ΠΈ поддисков ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 64 символов, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° дисков β€” Π΄ΠΎ 32 символов. @@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ Subdisk root.p1.s0: МоТно Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ `size` для поддСльного Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° `a` совпадаСт с ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ `offset` прСдставляСт собой сумму смСщСния Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° [.filename]#vinum# `h` ΠΈ смСщСния этого Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π² устройствС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ слайсС. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ стандартная настройка, нСобходимая для избСТания ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, описанной Π² crossref:vinum[vinum-root-panic, Nothing Boots, the Bootstrap Panics]. Π’Π΅ΡΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» `a` ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ находится Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° `h`, содСрТащСго всС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ [.filename]#vinum# для этого устройства. -Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ всС устройство Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ [.filename]#vinum#, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ [.filename]#vinum#. +Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ всС устройство Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ [.filename]#vinum#, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ [.filename]#vinum#. === УстранСниС Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ Subdisk root.p1.s0: Если ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ, процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°Π² kbd:[space] ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ появлСнии 10-сСкундного прСдупрСТдСния. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ° `vinum.autostart` ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ввСдя ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ `show`, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ `set` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `unset`. -Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ядра [.filename]#vinum# Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π² спискС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ для автоматичСской Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `load geom_vinum`. +Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ядра [.filename]#vinum# Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π² спискС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ для автоматичСской Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `load geom_vinum`. Когда всё Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, процСсс Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ввСдя `boot -as`, Π³Π΄Π΅ `-as` ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ядру Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму для монтирования (`-a`) ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ процСсс Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ (`-s`), ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом корнСвая файловая систСма монтируСтся Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли смонтирован Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ слой ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°, Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ риска нСсогласованности Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ слоями. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.po index ed0dc23ab6..affce6fe8a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vinum/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ msgid "" "from the corresponding block from all the remaining drives." msgstr "" "По ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, `RAID-5` ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ прСимущСство Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ " -"Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ мСньшСго Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объСма Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ чтСния Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° " +"Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ мСньшСго Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ чтСния Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° " "Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ записи Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ β€” " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ 25% ΠΎΡ‚ скорости чтСния. Если ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ диск Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈΠ· строя, массив " "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π² Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с " @@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "Volume Size Considerations" -msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²" +msgstr "Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:180 @@ -1324,7 +1324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "[.filename]#vinum# Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ стандартныС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° для плСксов ΠΈ поддисков, хотя " "ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. НС рСкомСндуСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ стандартныС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это " -"Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… прСимущСств ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ." +"Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… прСимущСств ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/vinum/_index.adoc:435 @@ -2092,7 +2092,7 @@ msgid "" "In the above example, the entire device is dedicated to [.filename]#vinum# " "and there is no leftover pre-[.filename]#vinum# root partition." msgstr "" -"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ всС устройство Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ [.filename]#vinum#, ΠΈ " +"Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ всС устройство Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ [.filename]#vinum#, ΠΈ " "Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ [.filename]#vinum#." #. type: Title === @@ -2132,7 +2132,7 @@ msgid "" "If the [.filename]#vinum# kernel module was not yet in the list of modules " "to load automatically, type `load geom_vinum`." msgstr "" -"Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ядра [.filename]#vinum# Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π² спискС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ для " +"Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ядра [.filename]#vinum# Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π² спискС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ для " "автоматичСской Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, Π²Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ `load geom_vinum`." #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc index e0847dea68..d852955a4f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc @@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ toc::[] [[introduction]] == Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΊ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° рассмотрСниС вопроса ΠΎ нСобходимости ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ любого Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ программирования Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹ становятся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° акадСмичСских ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ΠΉ BSD ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ большоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ². Π’Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ отраТаСтся Π½Π° ясности ΠΈ гибкости ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½. Π₯отя Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚Π ΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ BSD "старой" ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой, Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нас, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π΄ Π½Π΅ΠΉ, видят Π΅Π΅ скорСС систСмой со "Π·Ρ€Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ" ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ соврСмСнным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Он развиваСтся, ΠΈ FreeBSD остаСтся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмой, Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, насколько старой ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΊ соТалСнию, Π½Π΅ всСми понимаСтся. Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ большой ошибкой, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ программист, являСтся ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ истории, ΠΈ это ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° ошибка, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ сдСлали ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ сов Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы. Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ярки ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ здСсь являСтся Windows NT(R), ΠΈ послСдствия уТасны. Linux Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ» эту ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ-достаточно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΡ‹, люди BSD, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρƒ отпустили ΠΏΠΎ этому ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ ΡˆΡƒΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Linux Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ просто Π² отсутствии ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ истории для сравнСния ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, которая Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ быстро Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ сообщСством Linux Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² сообщСствС BSD-постоянной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Windows NT(R), с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, постоянно ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ самыС ошибки, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ ‹ Π² UNIX(R) дСсятки Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ тратят Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… устранСниС. Π‘Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ снова. Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько случаСв "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ отсутствуСт" ΠΈ "ΠΌΡ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ наш ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆ". Π― ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡˆΡƒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ история. +ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΊ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° рассмотрСниС вопроса ΠΎ нСобходимости ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ любого Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ программирования Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹ становятся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° акадСмичСских ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ΠΉ BSD ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ большоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ². Π’Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ отраТаСтся Π½Π° ясности ΠΈ гибкости ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½. Π₯отя Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚Π ΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ BSD "старой" ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой, Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нас, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π΄ Π½Π΅ΠΉ, видят Π΅Ρ‘ скорСС систСмой со "Π·Ρ€Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ" ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ соврСмСнным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Он развиваСтся, ΠΈ FreeBSD остаётся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмой, Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, насколько старой ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΊ соТалСнию, Π½Π΅ всСми понимаСтся. Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ большой ошибкой, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ программист, являСтся ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ истории, ΠΈ это ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° ошибка, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ сдСлали ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ сов Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы. Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ ярки ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ здСсь являСтся Windows NT(R), ΠΈ послСдствия уТасны. Linux Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ» эту ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ-достаточно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΡ‹, люди BSD, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρƒ отпустили ΠΏΠΎ этому ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ ΡˆΡƒΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Linux Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ просто Π² отсутствии ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ истории для сравнСния ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, которая Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ быстро Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ сообщСством Linux Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² сообщСствС BSD-постоянной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Windows NT(R), с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, постоянно ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅ самыС ошибки, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ ‹ Π² UNIX(R) дСсятки Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ тратят Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… устранСниС. Π‘Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ снова. Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ нСсколько случаСв "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ отсутствуСт" ΠΈ "ΠΌΡ‹ всСгда ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ наш ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆ". Π― ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡˆΡƒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ история. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ слоТности Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ FreeBSD, особСнно Π² подсистСмС VM/Swap, являСтся прямым слСдствиСм Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… условиях. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ², Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². Π’ любом прямом сравнСнии ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ эти ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° систСмныС рСсурсы Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ я ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽ подсистСму VM/Swap Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ всСгда ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°: -. Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ аспСктом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ называСтся "ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ критичСского ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Π°". Часто случаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ оптимизация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ прирост объСма ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ критичСский ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» быстрСС. +. Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ аспСктом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ называСтся "ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ критичСского ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Π°". Часто случаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ оптимизация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ прирост ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ критичСский ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» быстрСС. . Π§Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ оказываСтся Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ сильно ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Когда ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ обобщСнная Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ оптимизированная Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Π»Π΅Π³Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ условия ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ оптимизированная Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° оказываСтся Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ. Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ поэтому Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½ с самого Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π°, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли это стоит ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. Π”Π²Π°Π΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ отстаивал прСимущСство программирования Π½Π° языкС ассСмблСра ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° языкС высокого уровня, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π² Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π· Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ быстрый ΠΊΠΎΠ΄. Π’ наши Π΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ этого Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π° - ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ провСсти ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΠΈ с построСниСм Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. @@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ toc::[] [[vm-objects]] == ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ VM -Π›ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ описаниС VM-систСмы FreeBSD с ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π΅ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство VM, содСрТащСС нСсколько Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ характСристики. Код ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ (это Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»), ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ доступСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ копирования-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ-Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈ си. BSS ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ прСдставляСт собой всСго лишь Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ памяти, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ, Ссли это Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ, нулями, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ называСтся ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ страниц памяти ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² адрСсноС пространство, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ динамичСскиС Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ отобраТСния Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ процСссу, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ». БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² fork добавляСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ управлСния VM ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΡΡ слоТностям. +Π›ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ описаниС VM-систСмы FreeBSD с ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π΅ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство VM, содСрТащСС нСсколько Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ характСристики. Код ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‘ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ (это Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»), ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ доступСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ копирования-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ-Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈ си. BSS ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ прСдставляСт собой всСго лишь Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ памяти, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ, Ссли это Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ, нулями, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ называСтся ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ страниц памяти ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² адрСсноС пространство, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ динамичСскиС Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ отобраТСния Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ процСссу, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ». БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² fork добавляСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ управлСния VM ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΡΡ слоТностям. -Π˜Π»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ страница Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ (которая являСтся страницСй ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ-записи). Двоичная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° содСрТит ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, которая ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ отобраТаСтся нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Когда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° загруТаСтся Π² Vm-пространство процСсса, эта ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сначала отобраТаСтся Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ поддСрТиваСтся Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, позволяя VM-систСмС ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ/ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ снова ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Однако Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄ Π° процСсс измСняСт эти Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, VM-систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ копию страницы, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ этому процСссу. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ эта копия Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ VM-систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту страницу, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ впослСдствии Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π˜Π»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ страница Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ (которая являСтся страницСй ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ-записи). Двоичная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° содСрТит ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, которая ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ отобраТаСтся нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Когда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° загруТаСтся Π² Vm-пространство процСсса, эта ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сначала отобраТаСтся Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ поддСрТиваСтся Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, позволяя VM-систСмС ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ/ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ снова ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Однако Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄ Π° процСсс измСняСт эти Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, VM-систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ копию страницы, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ этому процСссу. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ эта копия Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ VM-систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту страницу, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ впослСдствии Π΅Ρ‘ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. -Π’Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сначала Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ простым ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, становится Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ слоТным ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ постранично, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° выполняСтся для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… страниц Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·. Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ увСличиваСтся, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс выполняСт Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² fork. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° процСсса-ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ со с собствСнным адрСсным пространством, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ всС измСнСния, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ исходным процСссом Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `fork()`. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ Π³Π»ΡƒΠΏΠΎ для VM-систСмы Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ копию Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π° `fork()`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вСсьма вСроятно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… процСссов Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ страницы, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт использованиС исходной страницы. Π’ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ страницСй, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ процСссу, сдСлаСтся снова страницСй, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· процСссов (ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ) ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… собствСнныС измСнСния послС развСтвлСния Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠΌ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ родствСнный процСсс. +Π’Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сначала Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ простым ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, становится Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ слоТным ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ постранично, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° выполняСтся для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… страниц Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·. Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ увСличиваСтся, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс выполняСт Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² fork. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° процСсса-ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ со с собствСнным адрСсным пространством, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ всС измСнСния, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ исходным процСссом Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `fork()`. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ Π³Π»ΡƒΠΏΠΎ для VM-систСмы Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡƒΡŽ копию Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π° `fork()`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вСсьма вСроятно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… процСссов Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ страницы, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт использованиС исходной страницы. Π’ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ страницСй, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ процСссу, сдСлаСтся снова страницСй, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· процСссов (ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ) ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… собствСнныС измСнСния послС развСтвлСния Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠΌ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ родствСнный процСсс. FreeBSD управляСт всСм этим ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ VM-ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ пСрСносится Π½Π° самый Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM. Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи, находится Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ страницы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ скопированы ΠΈΠ· исходного Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ страницы Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, относящиСся ΠΊ исходному Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма VM ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ это ΠΈ пСрСносит копию этой страницы Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ высокий ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ. Когда процСсс развСтвляСтся, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ VM-ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° прос Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅. Ѐункция `fork()` являСтся ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ для всСх систСм *BSD, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, которая запускаСтся, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ развСтвляСтся. Когда процСсс запускаСтся, VM-систСма создаСт Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ A: @@ -95,31 +95,31 @@ image::fig4.png[] Π’ этом случаС количСство ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΊΠΎΠ² B становится Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ всС обращСния ΠΊ B Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· C1. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ B ΠΈ C1 ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‹. ВсС страницы Π² B, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈ Π² C1, Π²ΠΎ врСмя объСдинСния ΠΈΠ· B ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, хотя оптимизация Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ шагС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²Ρ‹Π΅ страницы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ процСссов ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ `exec()`. -Вакая модСль создаСт Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ большой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM, Π½Π° сканированиС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… тратится врСмя ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСссы Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π· (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅). Вторая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, нСдоступными страницами Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM. Π’ нашСм послСднСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Ссли ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ страницу, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ собствСнныС ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ страницы, Π° исходная страница Π² B становится Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ доступной. такая страница Π² B ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ высвобоТдСна. +Вакая модСль создаСт Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ большой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM, Π½Π° сканированиС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… тратится врСмя ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСссы Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π· (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅). Вторая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, нСдоступными страницами Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM. Π’ нашСм послСднСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Ссли ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ страницу, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ собствСнныС ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ страницы, Π° исходная страница Π² B становится Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ доступной. такая страница Π² B ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ высвобоТдСна. -FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ с Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ влоТСнности с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ называСтся "All Shadowed Case". Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ случай Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Ссли Π² C1 Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ C2 Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ случаСв копирования страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ всС страницы Π² B. Допустим, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ Π² C1. C1 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ B, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вмСсто Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ C1->B->A ΠΈ C2->B->A ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ C1->A ΠΈ C2->B->A. Но посмотритС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ получаСтся-Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ B ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ссылку (C2), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ B ΠΈ C2. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π ΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ C1->A ΠΈ C2->A. Часто B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ большоС количСство страниц, ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ C1, Π½ΠΈ C2 Π½Π΅ смогут ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. Если ΠΌΡ‹ снова ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ процСсс ΠΈ создадим Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ D, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ вСроятно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ D постСпСнно смоТСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ мСньший Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, прСдставлСнный C1 ΠΈ C2. Π’Π° ΠΆΠ΅ самая оптимизация Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² любой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π° ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этого являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° сильно Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ машинС с мноТСством ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… процСссов стСки ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM Π½Π΅ часто Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π Ή. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссов, ΠΈ остаСтся Π² силС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выполняСт ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ. +FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ с Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ влоТСнности с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ называСтся "All Shadowed Case". Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ случай Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚, Ссли Π² C1 Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ C2 Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ случаСв копирования страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ всС страницы Π² B. Допустим, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ Π² C1. C1 ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ B, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ вмСсто Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ C1->B->A ΠΈ C2->B->A ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ C1->A ΠΈ C2->B->A. Но посмотритС, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ получаСтся-Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ B ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ссылку (C2), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ B ΠΈ C2. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π ΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ C1->A ΠΈ C2->A. Часто B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ большоС количСство страниц, ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ C1, Π½ΠΈ C2 Π½Π΅ смогут ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. Если ΠΌΡ‹ снова ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ процСсс ΠΈ создадим Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ D, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ вСроятно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ D постСпСнно смоТСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ мСньший Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, прСдставлСнный C1 ΠΈ C2. Π’Π° ΠΆΠ΅ самая оптимизация Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² любой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π° ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этого являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° сильно Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ машинС с мноТСством ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… процСссов стСки ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM Π½Π΅ часто Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π Ή. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссов, ΠΈ остаётся Π² силС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выполняСт ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠΉ страницСй всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ мСсто, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° C1 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ C2 Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ B. Из-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… примСняСмых Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этот случай Π½Π΅ прСдставляСт большой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ просто позволяСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ страницам ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Если систСма испытываСт Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, ΠΎΠ½Π° выполняСт ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ пространство Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ это всС. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠΉ страницСй всС Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ мСсто, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° C1 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ C2 Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ B. Из-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… примСняСмых Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этот случай Π½Π΅ прСдставляСт большой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ просто позволяСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ страницам ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Если систСма испытываСт Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, ΠΎΠ½Π° выполняСт ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ пространство Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ это всС. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ VM-ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ быстром Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `fork()`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом Π½Π΅ выполняСтся Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ копирования Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠœΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡΠΎΠΌ этого ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM, которая нСсколько замСдляСт ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ситуаций отсутствия страниц памяти, ΠΈ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ тратится ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ структурами ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, примСняСмыС Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ этих ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ стСпСни, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· особых ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. [[swap-layers]] == Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ -Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ с собствСнными Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ страницами, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ заполняСмыми нулями. Когда выполняСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ, соотвСтствСнно, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ») Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для хранСния ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ страницы, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° VM-систСмС Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ этот ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ выдСляСтся для ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π° памяти, которая ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступна. FreeBSD создаСт структуру управлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π ΊΠΎΠΉ для ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° VM, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. Однако структура управлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ историчСски ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹: +Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ с собствСнными Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ страницами, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ заполняСмыми нулями. Когда выполняСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ, соотвСтствСнно, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ») Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для хранСния ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ страницы, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° VM-систСмС Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ этот ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ выдСляСтся для ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π° памяти, которая ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступна. FreeBSD создаСт структуру управлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π ΊΠΎΠΉ для ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° VM, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. Однако структура управлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ историчСски ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹: -* Π’ΠΎ FreeBSD 3.X Π² структурС управлСния ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ выдСляСтся массив, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ прСдставляСт Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ хранСния Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ-Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ нСсколько страниц этого ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° хранятся Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ создаСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ памяти ядра Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° вСтвятся процСссы, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ большой объСм памяти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ (RSS). -* Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для отслСТивания памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π² памяти ядра поддСрТиваСтся "список Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€", ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ нСсколько Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "список Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€" являСтся ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ списком, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распрСдСлСнии ΠΈ высвобоТдСнии памяти Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ количСства страниц ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ O(n). +* Π’ΠΎ FreeBSD 3.X Π² структурС управлСния ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ выдСляСтся массив, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ прСдставляСт Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ хранСния Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ-Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ нСсколько страниц этого ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° хранятся Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ создаСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ памяти ядра Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° вСтвятся процСссы, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ большой ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ (RSS). +* Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для отслСТивания памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π² памяти ядра поддСрТиваСтся "список Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€", ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ нСсколько Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "список Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€" являСтся ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ списком, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распрСдСлСнии ΠΈ высвобоТдСнии памяти Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‘ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ количСства страниц ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ O(n). * Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² процСссС высвобоТдСния памяти Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ трСбуСтся Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти Π² ядрС, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ нСдостаткС памяти. -* ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ обостряСтся ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€, создаваСмых ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡƒ. +* ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ обостряСтся ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€, создаваСмых ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡƒ. * ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, список распрСдСлСния Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ оказываСтся Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй. * ΠŸΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ядра Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ для Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… структур ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ страниц памяти Π² эту ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ мСст для ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ прСдостаточно. Π’ΠΎ FreeBSD 4.X подсистСма управлСния ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ пСрСписана мною: -* Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ управлСния ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Ρ…ΡΡˆ-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ массив, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌ фиксированный Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распрСдСлСнии ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ мСньшими структурами. +* Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ управлСния ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Ρ…ΡΡˆ-Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ массив, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌ фиксированный Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распрСдСлСнии ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ мСньшими структурами. * ВмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ связный список для отслСТивания выдСлСния пространства Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ побитовая ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, выполнСнная Π² основном Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ структуры с ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎ свободном пространствС, находящСйся Π² ΡƒΠ·Π»Π°Ρ… структур. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ высвобоТдСниС памяти Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ становится ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ слоТности O(1). -* ВсС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ распрСдСляСтся Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ распрСдСлСния памяти ядра Π²ΠΎ врСмя ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ с ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ критичСски ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ объСмС свободной памяти. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†ΠΎΠ², систСма обращаСтся ΠΊ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ памяти, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ распрСдСлСния памяти ядра Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ для избСТания ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ. +* ВсС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ распрСдСляСтся Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ распрСдСлСния памяти ядра Π²ΠΎ врСмя ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ с ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ критичСски ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ΅ свободной памяти. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†ΠΎΠ², систСма обращаСтся ΠΊ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ памяти, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ распрСдСлСния памяти ядра Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ для избСТания ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ. * Для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ большой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ кусок Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·, пропуская мСньшиС Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ области. Π― Π½Π΅ сдСлал послСдний шаг ΠΊ завСдСнию "указатСля Π½Π° распрСдСлСниС", ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ участку области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ памяти для обСспСчСния Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ распрСдСлСния ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… участков, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ мСстополоТСния ссылки, Π½ΠΎ я ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано. @@ -135,25 +135,25 @@ FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ с Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ влоТСнности Π’ любом случаС, Π±ΠΈΡ‚ использования страницы очищаСтся, ΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ VM-систСма обращаСтся ΠΊ страницС снова ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚ установлСн. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ страница Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ провСряя этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚, накапливаСтся история использования (Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ счСтчика) физичСской страницы. Когда ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ VM-систСмС трСбуСтся Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ страницы, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° истории выступаСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ вСроятной ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ для ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ использования. -Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ этой возмоТности, систСма эмулируСт этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚. Она снимаСт ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ страницу, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ошибкС доступа ΠΊ страницС, Ссли ΠΊ страницС выполняСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ этой ошибки систСма просто ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ страницу ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ снимаСт Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ со страницы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π₯отя использованиС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для опрСдСлСния использования страницы вСсьма Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎ, это Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° снова Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° процСссу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ с диска. +Для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ этой возмоТности, систСма эмулируСт этот Π±ΠΈΡ‚. Она снимаСт ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ страницу, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ошибкС доступа ΠΊ страницС, Ссли ΠΊ страницС выполняСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ этой ошибки систСма просто ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ страницу ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ снимаСт Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ со страницы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π₯отя использованиС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для опрСдСлСния использования страницы вСсьма Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎ, это Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡ Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° снова Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° процСссу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ с диска. -FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ нСсколько ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉ страниц для обновлСния Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° страниц для ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ использования, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для опрСдСлСния Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅ грязныС страницы Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ динамичСскими ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, практичСски Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ стоит Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства любого ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Π΅ процСсса. ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ подходящая страница, Π½Π° основС счСтчика использования, Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ это ΠΈ выполняСтся. БистСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ чистыми страницами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ ичСски ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ высвобоТдСны Π² любоС врСмя, ΠΈ грязными страницами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ сначала Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ пСрСписаны Π² Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ. ПослС нахоТдСния подходящСй страницы ΠΎΠ½Π° пСрСмСщаСтся Π² Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° являСтся грязной, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ кэша, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° чистая. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ количСства грязных страниц ΠΊ чистым, опрСдСляСт, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° грязныС страницы Π² Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° диск. Когда это выполнится, ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚Ρ я ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ кэша. Π’ этот ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ страницы Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ кэша ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ VM со ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами. Однако страницы Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ кэша прСдполагаСтся "Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ" ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² LRU-порядкС (мСньшС всСго ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ), ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° систСмС потрСбуСтся Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти. +FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ нСсколько ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉ страниц для обновлСния Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° страниц для ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ использования, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для опрСдСлСния Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅ грязныС страницы Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ динамичСскими ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, практичСски Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ стоит Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства любого ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ процСсса. ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ подходящая страница, Π½Π° основС счСтчика использования, Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ это ΠΈ выполняСтся. БистСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ чистыми страницами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ ичСски ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ высвобоТдСны Π² любоС врСмя, ΠΈ грязными страницами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ сначала Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ пСрСписаны Π² Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ. ПослС нахоТдСния подходящСй страницы ΠΎΠ½Π° пСрСмСщаСтся Π² Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° являСтся грязной, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ кэша, Ссли ΠΎΠ½Π° чистая. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ количСства грязных страниц ΠΊ чистым, опрСдСляСт, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° грязныС страницы Π² Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° диск. Когда это выполнится, ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚Ρ я ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ кэша. Π’ этот ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ страницы Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ кэша ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ VM со ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами. Однако страницы Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ кэша прСдполагаСтся "Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ" ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² LRU-порядкС (мСньшС всСго ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ), ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° систСмС потрСбуСтся Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD VM-систСма пытаСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ чистыС ΠΈ грязныС страницы Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ срочной нСобходимости Π² Π½Π΅Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сбросах грязных страниц (Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ отраТаСтся Π½Π° пропускной способности Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°) ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ бСспричинно страницы ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ очСрСдями, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° подсистСма управлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π΅ испытываСт Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ рСсурсов. Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `systat -vm` Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ счСтчика ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ кэша ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ, Π° счСтчик Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ большой. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° VM-систСму ΠΎΠ½Π ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ большиС усилия Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉ страниц Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивными. -Π“ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ соврСмСнныС Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Linux выполняСт Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° диск Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ FreeBSD, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ. На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ FreeBSD стараСтся ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° диск Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ страницы для освобоТдСния мСста ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дисковый кэш, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ страницы Π² памяти ΠΈ оставляСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ кэш ΠΈ страницы процСссов мСньшС памяти. Π― Π½Π΅ знаю, остаСтся Π»ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь. +Π“ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ соврСмСнныС Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Linux выполняСт Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° диск Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ FreeBSD, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ. На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ FreeBSD стараСтся ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° диск Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ страницы для освобоТдСния мСста ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дисковый кэш, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ страницы Π² памяти ΠΈ оставляСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ кэш ΠΈ страницы процСссов мСньшС памяти. Π― Π½Π΅ знаю, остаётся Π»ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь. [[prefault-optimizations]] == ΠžΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ошибок доступа ΠΊ страницам ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… обнулСния -Полагая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибка доступа ΠΊ страницС памяти Π² VM Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ с большими Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами, Ссли страница ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ находится Π² основной памяти ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ просто ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π² адрСсноС пространство процСсса, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это станСт вСсьма Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎ, Ссли ΠΈΡ… Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ рСгулярно ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π₯ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ этой ситуации являСтся запуск Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:ls[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ man:ps[1], снова ΠΈ снова. Если Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ страниц, Ρ‚ΠΎ всС страницы, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, ΠΎΠ ΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ся нСдоступными ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ запускС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΆ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, Ссли эти страницы ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² кэшС VM, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц процСсса ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… страниц, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² VM-кэшС. Однако Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° exec. НапримСр, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ запускаСтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ man:ls[1] ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ с Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ `vmstat 1`, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° всСгда Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство ошибок доступа ΠΊ страницам, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΅Π΅ снова ΠΈ снова. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибки заполнСния нулями, Π° Π½Π΅ ошибки ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ (ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² exec ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ fork находятся Π² области, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ изучСния. +Полагая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибка доступа ΠΊ страницС памяти Π² VM Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ с большими Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами, Ссли страница ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ находится Π² основной памяти ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ просто ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π² адрСсноС пространство процСсса, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это станСт вСсьма Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎ, Ссли ΠΈΡ… Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ рСгулярно ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π₯ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ этой ситуации являСтся запуск Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ man:ls[1] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ man:ps[1], снова ΠΈ снова. Если Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ страниц, Ρ‚ΠΎ всС страницы, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, ΠΎΠ ΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ся нСдоступными ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ запускС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΆ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, Ссли эти страницы ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² кэшС VM, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц процСсса ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… страниц, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² VM-кэшС. Однако Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° exec. НапримСр, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ запускаСтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ man:ls[1] ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ с Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ `vmstat 1`, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° всСгда Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство ошибок доступа ΠΊ страницам, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘ снова ΠΈ снова. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибки заполнСния нулями, Π° Π½Π΅ ошибки ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ (ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² exec ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ fork находятся Π² области, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ изучСния. -Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ ошибок доступа ΠΊ страницам, относится ΠΊ ошибкам ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ нулями. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ это, просматривая Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `vmstat -s`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс обращаСтся ΠΊ страницам Π² своСй области BSS. ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ BSS прСдполагаСтся ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нулями, Π½ΠΎ VM-систСма Π½Π΅ заботится ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ памяти Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ обратится. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибки VM-систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ страницу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ нулями. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ заполнСнию нулями Π² систСмС VM ΠΈΠ ΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ся Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ страницы ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибок заполнСния нулями. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нулями происходит, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° CPU простаиваСт, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ количСство страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ систСма Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ заполняСт нулями, ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ кэши памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ прСкрасный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ добавлСния слоТности Π² VM-систСму Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ критичСского ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ. +Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ ошибок доступа ΠΊ страницам, относится ΠΊ ошибкам ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ нулями. Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ это, просматривая Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ `vmstat -s`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ происходит, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс обращаСтся ΠΊ страницам Π² своСй области BSS. ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ BSS прСдполагаСтся ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нулями, Π½ΠΎ VM-систСма Π½Π΅ заботится ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ памяти Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ обратится. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибки VM-систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ страницу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ нулями. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ заполнСнию нулями Π² систСмС VM ΠΈΠ ΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ся Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ страницы ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибок заполнСния нулями. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нулями происходит, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° CPU простаиваСт, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ количСство страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ систСма Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ заполняСт нулями, ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ кэши памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ прСкрасный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ добавлСния слоТности Π² VM-систСму Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ критичСского ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ. [[page-table-optimizations]] == ΠžΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц -ΠžΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц составляСт ΡΠ°ΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ VM Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° проявляСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ появлСнии Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ использовании `mmap()`. Π― Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°ΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° BSD-систСм, хотя я Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅. Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π²Π° основных ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц Π½Π΅ содСрТат постоянного состояния, Π° вмСсто этого ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² любой ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ с ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами. Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ состоит Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π° я активная Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π° страниц Π² систСмС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ структуру `pv_entry`, которая связана Π² структуру `vm_page`. FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эти отобраТСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Linux Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ всС Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ _ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚_ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ситуация Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слоТности O(n^2). Из-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD стрСмится Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ использованию ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сбросу Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ страницу, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ощущаСтся Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° памяти, систСма Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π ³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Однако Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD трСбуСтся тонкая настройка ядра для соотвСтствия ситуациям с большим совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ адрСсным пространством, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² систСмС, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ сСрвСр Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ структуры `pv_entry` ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ исчСрпанными. +ΠžΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц составляСт ΡΠ°ΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ VM Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° проявляСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ появлСнии Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ использовании `mmap()`. Π― Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°ΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° BSD-систСм, хотя я Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅. Π•ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π²Π° основных ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц Π½Π΅ содСрТат постоянного состояния, Π° вмСсто этого ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² любой ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ с ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами. Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ состоит Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π° я активная Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π° страниц Π² систСмС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ структуру `pv_entry`, которая связана Π² структуру `vm_page`. FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эти отобраТСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Linux Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ всС Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ _ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚_ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ситуация Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слоТности O(n^2). Из-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD стрСмится Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ использованию ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сбросу Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ страницу, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ощущаСтся Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° памяти, систСма Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π ³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Однако Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD трСбуСтся тонкая настройка ядра для соотвСтствия ситуациям с большим совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ адрСсным пространством, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² систСмС, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ сСрвСр Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ структуры `pv_entry` ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ исчСрпанными. И Π² Linux, ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π² этой области. FreeBSD пытаСтся ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ прСимущСства ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ примСняСмой ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ отобраТСния (ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, Π½Π΅ всСм процСссам Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ всС страницы динамичСской Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ), ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux пытаСтся ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ свои Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹. FreeBSD ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ здСсь ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ прСимущСство Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π° счСт использования Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, Π½ΠΎ FreeBSD выглядит Ρ…ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° большой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ сотнями процСссов. Linux, с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, выглядит Ρ…ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссов частично ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ страница ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚. @@ -167,19 +167,19 @@ FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ нСсколько ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉ страниц === Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π·Π° Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ чСрСдования, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² спискС нСдостатков подсистСмы управлСния Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD 3.X? -FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ чСрСдования, с индСксом ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ пространство для Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρƒ вас имССтся всСго лишь ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°, Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ области. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ имССтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ "Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ", Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. НапримСр, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π΄Π²Π΅ области A ΠΈ B, Ρ‚ΠΎ прСдставлСниС адрСсного пространства для этой области ΠΏ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ с Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· 16 страниц: +FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ чСрСдования, с индСксом ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ пространство для Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρƒ вас имССтся всСго лишь ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°, Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ области. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ имССтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ "Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ", Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. НапримСр, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π΄Π²Π΅ области A ΠΈ B, Ρ‚ΠΎ прСдставлСниС адрСсного пространства для этой области ΠΏ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ с Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· 16 страниц: .... A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D .... -FreeBSD 3.X ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список свободных областСй" для управлСния свободными областями Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. ИдСя состоит Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ большиС ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ свободного пространства ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΡƒΠ·Π»Π° односвязного списка ([.filename]#kern/subr_rlist.c#). Но ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список сам становится Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ пространство Π² A ΠΈ B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "свободноС", Π° C ΠΈ D ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ занятоС". КаТдой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ A-B трСбуСтся для ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» сРΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ C ΠΈ D ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» списка Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ связан со ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ A-B. +FreeBSD 3.X ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список свободных областСй" для управлСния свободными областями Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. ИдСя состоит Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ большиС ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ свободного пространства ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΡƒΠ·Π»Π° односвязного списка ([.filename]#kern/subr_rlist.c#). Но ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список сам становится Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ пространство Π² A ΠΈ B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "свободноС", Π° C ΠΈ D ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ занятоС". КаТдой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ A-B трСбуСтся для ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» сРΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ C ΠΈ D ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» списка Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ связан со ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ A-B. ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ вмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ просто ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅? ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π»Π΅Π³Ρ‡Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ полосы адрСсного пространства ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ автоматичСскоС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ нСсколькими дисками, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΠΌΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ слоТности Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ мСстС. ЀрагмСнтация Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Являясь ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ списком Π² 3.X ΠΈ имСя Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ освобоТдСниС Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ становится Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠΌ слоТности O(N), Π° Π½Π΅ O(1). ВмСстС с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ (частоС ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ) Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ O(N^2) ΠΈ O(N^3), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎ. Π’ систСмС 3.X Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ KVM Π²ΠΎ врСмя Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ для создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π»Π° списка, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² условии Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ памяти ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅, Ссли систСма попытаСтся ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ страни Ρ†Ρ‹ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. -Π’ 4.X ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список. ВмСсто этого ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ базисноС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСх Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для всСй области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом тратится мСньшС памяти, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ (ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ), Π° Π½Π΅ связанный список ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ². ИспользованиС базисного Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° вмСсто ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ списка Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ O(1) Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°. +Π’ 4.X ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список. ВмСсто этого ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ базисноС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСх Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для всСй области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом тратится мСньшС памяти, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ (ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ), Π° Π½Π΅ связанный список ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ². ИспользованиС базисного Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° вмСсто ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ списка Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ O(1) Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°. === Как Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ чистых ΠΈ грязных (Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ…) страниц связано с ситуациСй, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ малСнький счСтчик ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ кэша ΠΈ большой счСтчик Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ systat -vm? Π Π°Π·Π²Π΅ систСмная статистика Π½Π΅ считаСт Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ грязныС страницы вмСстС Π·Π° счСтчик Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ? @@ -189,18 +189,18 @@ FreeBSD 3.X ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список === Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ с / vmstat 1 ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ошибки доступа ΠΊ страницС Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ошибками страниц Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… (COW ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы)? Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ я полагаю, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибки доступа ΠΊ страницам ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ частично ошибками ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ нулями, Π° частично Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Или Π²Ρ‹ Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD выполняСт ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ COW для Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹? -Ошибка COW ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ошибкой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ нулями ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π² любом случаС ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² кэшС. Π― Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π΄ Π½ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. FreeBSD Π½Π΅ выполняСт ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ COW Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нулями, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° _выполняСт_ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π΅Π΅ кэшС. +Ошибка COW ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ошибкой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ нулями ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π² любом случаС ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² кэшС. Π― Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π΄ Π½ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. FreeBSD Π½Π΅ выполняСт ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ COW Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нулями, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° _выполняСт_ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π΅Ρ‘ кэшС. === Π’ вашСм Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц, Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ pv_entry ΠΈ vm_page (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ vm_page Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ vm_pmap-ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² 4.4, cf. pp. 180-181 of McKusick, Bostic, Karel, Quarterman)? А ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ дСйствиС/Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для сканирования ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ? -`vm_page` прСдставляСт собой ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ (object,index#). `pv_entry` являСтся записью ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц (pte). Если Ρƒ вас имССтся ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСссов, совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ страницу, ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ… страниц этих процСссов Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ отобраТаСтся страница, Ρ‚ΠΎ страница Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ структурой `vm_page` ΠΈ трСмя структурами `pv_entry`. +`vm_page` прСдставляСт собой ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ (object,index#). `pv_entry` являСтся записью ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц (pte). Если Ρƒ вас имССтся ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСссов, совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ страницу, ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ… страниц этих процСссов Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ отобраТаСтся страница, Ρ‚ΠΎ страница Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ структурой `vm_page` ΠΈ трСмя структурами `pv_entry`. -Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ `pv_entry` ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ страницы, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ MMU (ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура `pv_entry` соотвСтствуСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ pte). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всС Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ссылки Π½Π° `vm_page` (для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅, Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅, ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³Ρ€ΡΠ·Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅), ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ связный список структур `pv_entry`, связанных с этой `vm_page`, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ pte ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† страниц. +Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ `pv_entry` ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ страницы, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ MMU (ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура `pv_entry` соотвСтствуСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ pte). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всС Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ссылки Π½Π° `vm_page` (для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘, Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘, ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³Ρ€ΡΠ·Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅), ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ связный список структур `pv_entry`, связанных с этой `vm_page`, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ pte ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† страниц. Π’ Linux Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ связного списка. Для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС отобраТСния Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц для `vm_page`, linux Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ индСксу ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° VM, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ _ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚_ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу. К ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, Ссли Ρƒ вас имССтся 50 процСссов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ всС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ страницы X Π² этой Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ индСксу всСй Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· этих 50 процСссов, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ 10 ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ страницу. Π’Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Linux ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ простоту ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π° счС Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. МногиС Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹ VM, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ O(1) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ (N ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅) Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD, Π² Linux ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ O(N), O(N^2) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ…ΡƒΠΆΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ pte, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ страницу Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅, скорСС всСго, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ смСщСниСм Π²ΠΎ всСх Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ… страниц, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ количСства ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ самому ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ часто позволяСт ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ разрастания кэша L1 для этого смСщСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎ FreeBSD Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ слоТности (схСма с `pv_entry`) для увСличСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ (ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Ρ количСство ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ _Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ_ ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ pte, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ). -Но Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD имССтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Linux, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ имССтся ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число структур `pv_entry`, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ большом объСмС совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ этом случаС Ρƒ вас ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° структур `pv_entry`, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли свободной памяти Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ исправлСно ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ количСства структур `pv_entry` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ настройкС, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это. +Но Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD имССтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Linux, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ имССтся ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число структур `pv_entry`, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ большом ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ΅ совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ этом случаС Ρƒ вас ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° структур `pv_entry`, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли свободной памяти Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ исправлСно ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ количСства структур `pv_entry` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ настройкС, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ способ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ касаСтся использования памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² схСмы с `pv_entry`: Linux ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ "постоянныС" Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ±Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ `pv_entry` для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ pte. FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ "сбрасываСмыС" Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц, Π½ΠΎ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ pte добавляСтся структура `pv_entry`. Π― Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°ΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использованиС памяти Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ FreeBSD Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ алгоритмичСскоС прСимущСство, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ Π² способности ΡΠ±Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц с ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ расходами. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.po index 089a4d860c..5127516f19 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/vm-design/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-06-29 21:20+0100\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-07-05 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-08 09:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ msgstr "" "Π’Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ отраТаСтся Π½Π° ясности ΠΈ гибкости " "ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ " "Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½. Π₯отя Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ BSD \"старой\" ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " -"систСмой, Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нас, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π΄ Π½Π΅ΠΉ, видят Π΅Π΅ скорСС систСмой со " +"систСмой, Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΈΡ… нас, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π΄ Π½Π΅ΠΉ, видят Π΅Ρ‘ скорСС систСмой со " "\"Π·Ρ€Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ\" ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ " -"ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ соврСмСнным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Он развиваСтся, ΠΈ FreeBSD остаСтся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ " +"ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ соврСмСнным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Он развиваСтся, ΠΈ FreeBSD остаётся ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ " "систСмой, Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, насколько старой ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. " "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΊ соТалСнию, Π½Π΅ всСми понимаСтся. Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ большой " "ошибкой, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ программист, являСтся ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ аспСктом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "называСтся \"ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ критичСского ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Π°\". Часто случаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " -"оптимизация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ прирост объСма ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " +"оптимизация ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ прирост ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " "критичСский ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» быстрСС." #. type: Plain text @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ процСсс " "ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство " "VM, содСрТащСС нСсколько Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² памяти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " -"характСристики. Код ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, " +"характСристики. Код ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‘ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, " "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ (это Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»), ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ доступСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " "Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ копирования-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ-записи. BSS ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ прСдставляСт собой всСго лишь " @@ -276,11 +276,11 @@ msgstr "" "нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Когда ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° загруТаСтся Π² Vm-" "пространство процСсса, эта ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сначала отобраТаСтся Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ " "поддСрТиваСтся Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, позволяя VM-систСмС ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ/" -"ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ снова ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ снова ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Однако Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс измСняСт эти Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, VM-систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° " "ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ копию страницы, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ этому процСссу. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ эта " "копия Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π°, Ρ‚ΠΎ VM-систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту страницу, " -"Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ впослСдствии Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ." +"Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ впослСдствии Π΅Ρ‘ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:118 @@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π’Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сначала Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ простым ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π² " "ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, становится Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ слоТным ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " "ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ постранично, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° выполняСтся для " -"ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… страниц Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·. Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ увСличиваСтся, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс " +"ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… страниц Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·. Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ увСличиваСтся, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс " "выполняСт Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² fork. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° процСсса-ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ со с " "собствСнным адрСсным пространством, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ всС измСнСния, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " "исходным процСссом Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `fork()`. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ Π³Π»ΡƒΠΏΠΎ для VM-систСмы " @@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ большой " "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM, Π½Π° сканированиС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… тратится " "врСмя ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСссы " -"Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π· (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ " +"Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Ρ€Π°Π· (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ " "ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅). Вторая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с " "ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, нСдоступными страницами Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM. Π’ нашСм " "послСднСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Ссли ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ " @@ -505,8 +505,8 @@ msgstr "" "прСдставлСнный C1 ΠΈ C2. Π’Π° ΠΆΠ΅ самая оптимизация Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² любой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ " "Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π° ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этого являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° сильно " "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ машинС с мноТСством ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… процСссов стСки ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² VM Π½Π΅ " -"часто Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для " -"ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссов, ΠΈ остаСтся Π² силС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " +"часто Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для " +"ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссов, ΠΈ остаётся Π² силС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " "Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выполняСт ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ." #. type: Plain text @@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ msgid "" "the system runs low on memory it will swap them out, eating a little swap, " "but that is it." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠΉ страницСй всС Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ мСсто, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° C1 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ C2 Π½Π΅ " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΠΉ страницСй всС Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ мСсто, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° C1 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ C2 Π½Π΅ " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ B. Из-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… примСняСмых Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " "этот случай Π½Π΅ прСдставляСт большой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ просто позволяСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ " "страницам ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Если систСма испытываСт Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, " @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ заполняСмыми нулями. Когда выполняСтся ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, " "ΠΈ, соотвСтствСнно, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ») Π½Π΅ " "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для хранСния ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ страницы, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° VM-систСмС " -"Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ этот ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ " +"Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ этот ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ выдСляСтся для ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " "Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π° памяти, которая ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ доступна. FreeBSD создаСт " "структуру управлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ для ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° VM, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это " @@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ msgstr "" "области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ-Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ нСсколько страниц этого ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° хранятся Π² " "области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ создаСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ памяти ядра Π² случаС, " "ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° вСтвятся процСссы, " -"Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ большой объСм памяти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ (RSS)." +"Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ большой ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ (RSS)." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:197 @@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для отслСТивания памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π² памяти ядра поддСрТиваСтся \"список " "Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€\", ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ нСсколько Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ \"список Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€\" являСтся " "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ списком, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распрСдСлСнии ΠΈ " -"высвобоТдСнии памяти Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ зависит " +"высвобоТдСнии памяти Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΅Ρ‘ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ зависит " "ΠΎΡ‚ количСства страниц ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ O(n)." #. type: Plain text @@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ msgid "" "The problem is further exacerbated by holes created due to the interleaving " "algorithm." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ обостряСтся ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€, создаваСмых ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡΡ " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ обостряСтся ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€, создаваСмых ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡΡ " "Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡƒ." #. type: Plain text @@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ msgid "" "linear array giving them a fixed allocation size and much finer granularity." msgstr "" "Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ управлСния ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Ρ…ΡΡˆ-" -"Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ массив, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌ фиксированный Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " +"Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹, Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ массив, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌ фиксированный Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " "распрСдСлСнии ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ мСньшими структурами." #. type: Plain text @@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ВсС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ распрСдСляСтся Π·Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "распрСдСлСния памяти ядра Π²ΠΎ врСмя ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ с ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " -"критичСски ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ объСмС свободной памяти. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†ΠΎΠ², систСма обращаСтся " +"критичСски ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ΅ свободной памяти. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†ΠΎΠ², систСма обращаСтся " "ΠΊ области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ памяти, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "распрСдСлСния памяти ядра Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ для избСТания ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… " "Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ." @@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈ снимаСт Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρƒ со страницы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. Π₯отя " "использованиС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для опрСдСлСния использования страницы " "вСсьма Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎ, это Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… " -"Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° снова Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° процСссу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ с диска." +"Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° снова Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Π° процСссу ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ с диска." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:245 @@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ msgstr "" "для ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ использования, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для опрСдСлСния Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅ грязныС " "страницы Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц Π²ΠΎ " "FreeBSD ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ динамичСскими ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, практичСски Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ стоит " -"Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства любого ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Π΅ " +"Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства любого ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ " "процСсса. ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ подходящая страница, Π½Π° основС счСтчика " "использования, Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ это ΠΈ выполняСтся. БистСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ чистыми страницами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ тСорСтичСски ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ высвобоТдСны Π² " @@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ FreeBSD стараСтся ΡΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° диск Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ страницы для " "освобоТдСния мСста ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дисковый кэш, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Linux Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ " "страницы Π² памяти ΠΈ оставляСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ кэш ΠΈ страницы процСссов мСньшС памяти. Π― " -"Π½Π΅ знаю, остаСтся Π»ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь." +"Π½Π΅ знаю, остаётся Π»ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь." #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:255 @@ -928,10 +928,10 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² кэшС VM, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц процСсса ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… страниц, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² VM-кэшС. " "Однако Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи " -"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° exec. НапримСр, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ " +"ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° exec. НапримСр, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ " "запускаСтС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ man:ls[1] ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ с Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ `vmstat 1`, Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° всСгда Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ количСство ошибок доступа ΠΊ " -"страницам, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ запускаСтС Π΅Π΅ снова ΠΈ снова. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибки заполнСния " +"страницам, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π²Ρ‹ запускаСтС Π΅Ρ‘ снова ΠΈ снова. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ошибки заполнСния " "нулями, Π° Π½Π΅ ошибки ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ (ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹). " "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² exec ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ fork " "находятся Π² области, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ изучСния." @@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ msgstr "" "области BSS. ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ BSS прСдполагаСтся ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нулями, Π½ΠΎ VM-" "систСма Π½Π΅ заботится ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ памяти Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ " "Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ обратится. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибки VM-систСма Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ " -"Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ страницу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ нулями. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " +"Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ страницу, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ нулями. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ " "ΠΏΠΎ заполнСнию нулями Π² систСмС VM имССтся Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " "ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ страницы ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ…, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " "Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ошибок заполнСния нулями. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нулями " @@ -1006,9 +1006,9 @@ msgstr "" "связана Π² структуру `vm_page`. FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эти " "отобраТСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Linux Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ всС " "Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ _ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚_ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² " -"Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ситуация Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слоТности O(n^2). Из-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD " +"Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ситуация Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слоТности O(n^2). Из-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD " "стрСмится Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ использованию ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сбросу " -"Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ страницу, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ощущаСтся Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° памяти, систСма Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " +"Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ страницу, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ощущаСтся Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° памяти, систСма Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ " "Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Однако Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD трСбуСтся тонкая " "настройка ядра для соотвСтствия ситуациям с большим совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ " "адрСсным пространством, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² систСмС, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ " @@ -1093,11 +1093,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ чСрСдования, с индСксом ΠΏΠΎ " "ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ " -"пространство для Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρƒ вас имССтся всСго " +"пространство для Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρƒ вас имССтся всСго " "лишь ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°, Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ области. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ имССтся " "Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ \"Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ " "области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ\", Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ " -"Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. НапримСр, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π΄Π²Π΅ области A ΠΈ B, Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… областСй ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ. НапримСр, Ссли Ρƒ вас Π΄Π²Π΅ области A ΠΈ B, Ρ‚ΠΎ " "прСдставлСниС адрСсного пространства для этой области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD " "Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ с Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· 16 страниц:" @@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ msgstr "" ".c#). Но ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ список сам становится " "Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π΅ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ пространство Π² A " "ΠΈ B Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ \"свободноС\", Π° C ΠΈ D ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ \"ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ занятоС\". " -"КаТдой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ A-B трСбуСтся для ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» списка, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ C " +"КаТдой ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ A-B трСбуСтся для ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π° ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» списка, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ C " "ΠΈ D ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π΅Π» списка Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ связан со ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ " "ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ A-B." @@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для всСй области ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом тратится мСньшС памяти, " "ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ (ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ), Π° Π½Π΅ связанный " "список ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ². ИспользованиС базисного Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° вмСсто ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ списка " -"Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ O(1) Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°." +"Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ O(1) Π²Π½Π΅ зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:331 @@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π² любом случаС ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ " "ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² кэшС. Π― Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π΄ Π½ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. FreeBSD Π½Π΅ выполняСт " "ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ COW Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нулями, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° _выполняСт_ " -"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π΅Π΅ кэшС." +"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ страниц, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π΅Ρ‘ кэшС." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/articles/vm-design/_index.adoc:346 @@ -1267,7 +1267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "`vm_page` прСдставляСт собой ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρƒ (object,index#). `pv_entry` являСтся " "записью ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ страниц (pte). Если Ρƒ вас имССтся ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ " -"процСссов, совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ страницу, ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… " +"процСссов, совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ страницу, ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… " "Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ… страниц этих процСссов Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ отобраТаСтся страница, Ρ‚ΠΎ " "страница Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ структурой `vm_page` ΠΈ трСмя структурами " "`pv_entry`." @@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ `pv_entry` ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ страницы, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ MMU (ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура " "`pv_entry` соотвСтствуСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ pte). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ " "ΡƒΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всС Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ссылки Π½Π° `vm_page` (для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅, Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅, ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу для Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘, Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘, ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "Π³Ρ€ΡΠ·Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅), ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ просто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ связный список структур " "`pv_entry`, связанных с этой `vm_page`, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " "pte ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ† страниц." @@ -1346,7 +1346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Но Π²ΠΎ FreeBSD имССтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Linux, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ " "Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ имССтся ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ число структур `pv_entry`, ΠΈ это ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ " -"возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ большом объСмС совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ " +"возникновСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ большом ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ΅ совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ " "этом случаС Ρƒ вас ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° структур `pv_entry`, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли " "свободной памяти Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ исправлСно " "ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ количСства структур `pv_entry` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ настройкС, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ " From nobody Sun Mar 15 12:01:07 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYcJ93DXfz6VhF3 for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:01:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fYcJ92gv4z3q9v for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:01:13 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:01:07 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: c0ce4b4861 - main - update translation of books/arch-handbook to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: c0ce4b4861e07028ed289a510bf966cf242b4deb Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:01:07 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69f83.3082b.2fe9e4de@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=c0ce4b4861e07028ed289a510bf966cf242b4deb commit c0ce4b4861e07028ed289a510bf966cf242b4deb Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 12:00:55 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 12:00:55 +0000 update translation of books/arch-handbook to Russian Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55723 --- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc | 20 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po | 34 +-- .../books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.po | 4 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.po | 10 +- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.adoc | 8 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.po | 26 +- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.po | 10 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/mac/_index.adoc | 262 ++++++++++----------- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/mac/_index.po | 130 +++++----- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/pccard/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/pccard/_index.po | 10 +- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/scsi/_index.adoc | 14 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/scsi/_index.po | 18 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/smp/_index.adoc | 16 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/smp/_index.po | 38 +-- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/sysinit/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/arch-handbook/sysinit/_index.po | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/usb/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/usb/_index.po | 12 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/vm/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/arch-handbook/vm/_index.po | 8 +- 24 files changed, 327 insertions(+), 327 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc index 43dacd74c7..abfcf1feaa 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ endif::[] Π­Ρ‚Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π° прСдставляСт собой ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ процСссов Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ систСмы, начиная с POST Π² BIOS (ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅) ΠΈ заканчивая созданиСм ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ этапы Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ систСмы сильно зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° IA-32. Однако Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ AMD64 ΠΈ ARM64 Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ интСрСснСС, ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… слСдуСт Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² блиТайшСм Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π² соотвСтствии с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ слоТным. ПослС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ управлСния ΠΎΡ‚ BIOS Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ настройки ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ядра. Π­Ρ‚Π° настройка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° простым ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌ способом, прСдоставляя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ возмоТности для настройки ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ слоТным. ПослС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ управлСния ΠΎΡ‚ BIOS Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ настройки ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ядра. Π­Ρ‚Π° настройка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° простым ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌ способом, прСдоставляя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ возмоТности для настройки ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. [[boot-overview]] == ΠžΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ @@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ FreeBSD clang version 11.0.1 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git llvmorg-11.0. Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `0xfffffff0` Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мСньшС 4 Π“Π‘, поэтому, Ссли Π² машинС Π½Π΅Ρ‚ 4 Π“Π‘ физичСской памяти, ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ адрСс памяти. АппаратноС обСспСчСниС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ этот адрСс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ½ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π» Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ памяти BIOS. -BIOS (Basic Input Output System) β€” это микросхСма Π½Π° матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅, которая содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСбольшой объСм памяти Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния (ROM). Π­Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, спСцифичныС для оборудования, поставляСмого с матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡ€ сначала ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу 0xfffffff0, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ фактичСски находится Π² памяти BIOS. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ этому адрСсу содСрТится инструкция ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°ΠΌ POST BIOS. +BIOS (Basic Input Output System) β€” это микросхСма Π½Π° матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅, которая содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСбольшой ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния (ROM). Π­Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, спСцифичныС для оборудования, поставляСмого с матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡ€ сначала ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу 0xfffffff0, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ фактичСски находится Π² памяти BIOS. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ этому адрСсу содСрТится инструкция ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°ΠΌ POST BIOS. -POST (Power On Self Test) β€” это Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ памяти, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ систСмной ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ процСссор ΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ этапом Π½Π° этой стадии являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ BIOS ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ устройство, обСспСчивая Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ с дискСты, CD-ROM, ТСсткого диска ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… устройств. +POST (Power On Self Test) β€” это Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ памяти, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ систСмной ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΡƒΡŽ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ процСссор ΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ этапом Π½Π° этой стадии являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ BIOS ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ устройство, обСспСчивая Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ с дискСты, CD-ROM, Тёсткого диска ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… устройств. Π‘Π°ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ послСдним дСйствиСм Π² POST являСтся инструкция `INT 0x19`. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ `INT 0x19` считываСт 512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00`. Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ _ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор_ происходит ΠΈΠ· Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Тёстких дисков, Π³Π΄Π΅ магнитная пластина Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° мноТСство цилиндричСских Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ. Π”ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΈ каТдая Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° нСсколько (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ 64) сСкторов. НумСрация Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ начинаСтся с 0, Π½ΠΎ нумСрация сСкторов начинаСтся с 1. Π”ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° 0 находится Π½Π° внСшнСй сторонС ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ пластины, Π° сСктор 1, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π ΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Он Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ называСтся MBR (Master Boot Record) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Главная Загрузочная Π—Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡŒ. ΠžΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сСкторы Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ. @@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ read_key: * BIOS Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ оборудования, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ POST. MBR ([.filename]#boot0#) Π±Ρ‹Π» Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00` ΠΈΠ· Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ с диска. Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ этому адрСсу. * [.filename]#boot0# пСрСмСстил сСбя ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» скомпонован для выполнСния (`0x600`), послС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ для продолТСния выполнСния Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ мСстС. Π’ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор диска ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00`. Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ этому адрСсу. -[.filename]#boot1# β€” это ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ шаг Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ пСрвая ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… стадий Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ сих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ с сСкторами диска. Π”Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, BIOS Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ самый ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор, Π° [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD. ОбС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ происходят ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00`. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти сСкторы диска ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ содСрТащиС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ [.filename]#boot0# ΠΈ [.filename]#boot1#, соотвСтствСнно, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ это Π½Π΅ совсСм Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ для [.filename]#boot1#. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ говоря, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ [.filename]#boot0#, [.filename]#boot1# Π½Π΅ являСт ся Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² footnote:[Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» /boot/boot1 сущСствуСт, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ записываСтся Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD. ВмСсто этого ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ с boot2, формируя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» boot, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ записываСтся Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD ΠΈ считываСтся Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ.]. ВмСсто этого, Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#boot# ([.filename]#/boot/boot#) Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ записываСтся Π½Π° диск. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» прСдставляСт собой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot2# ΠΈ `Boot Extender` (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ BTX). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора (большС 512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚). К ΡΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, [.filename]#boot1# Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ _Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎ_ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ этого Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡ ƒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD (512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚), ΠΎΠ½ фактичСски Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ [.filename]#boot1# ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. +[.filename]#boot1# β€” это ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ шаг Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ пСрвая ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… стадий Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ сих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ с сСкторами диска. Π”Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, BIOS Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ самый ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор, Π° [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD. ОбС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ происходят ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00`. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти сСкторы диска ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ содСрТащиС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ [.filename]#boot0# ΠΈ [.filename]#boot1#, соотвСтствСнно, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ это Π½Π΅ совсСм Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ для [.filename]#boot1#. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ говоря, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ [.filename]#boot0#, [.filename]#boot1# Π½Π΅ являСт ся Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² footnote:[Π€Π°ΠΉΠ» /boot/boot1 сущСствуСт, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ записываСтся Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD. ВмСсто этого ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ с boot2, формируя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» boot, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ записываСтся Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD ΠΈ считываСтся Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ.]. ВмСсто этого, Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» [.filename]#boot# ([.filename]#/boot/boot#) Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ записываСтся Π½Π° диск. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» прСдставляСт собой ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ [.filename]#boot1#, [.filename]#boot2# ΠΈ `Boot Extender` (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ BTX). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора (большС 512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚). К ΡΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, [.filename]#boot1# Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ _Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎ_ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ этого Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡ ƒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° FreeBSD (512 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚), ΠΎΠ½ фактичСски Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ [.filename]#boot1# ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Основная Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° [.filename]#boot1# β€” Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ этап Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ этап нСсколько слоТнСС. Он состоит ΠΈΠ· сСрвСра ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ "Boot Extender" (BTX) ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ [.filename]#boot2#. Как ΠΌΡ‹ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ, послСдний этап Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, [.filename]#loader#, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ являСтся ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ сСрвСра BTX. @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ main: .[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot1-main]] Как ΠΈ [.filename]#boot0#, этот ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ [.filename]#boot1#, Π½Π° этот Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x700`. Однако, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ [.filename]#boot0#, ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ΄Π°. [.filename]#boot1# скомпонован для выполнСния ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00`, фактичСски Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° этого пСрСмСщСния Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ рассмотрСна Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. -Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ слайс FreeBSD. Π₯отя [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ» [.filename]#boot1# ΠΈΠ· слайса FreeBSD, Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π° информация ΠΎΠ± этом footnote:[На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° адрСс слайса Π² рСгистрС %si. Однако boot1 Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ boot0 (Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ» Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ MBR ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π» эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ), поэтому ΠΎΠ½ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚.], поэтому [.filename]#boot1# Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ слайса FreeBSD. Для этого ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ MBR: +Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ слайс FreeBSD. Π₯отя [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ» [.filename]#boot1# ΠΈΠ· слайса FreeBSD, Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π° информация ΠΎΠ± этом footnote:[На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° адрСс слайса Π² рСгистрС %si. Однако boot1 Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ boot0 (Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ» Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ MBR ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π» эту ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ), поэтому ΠΎΠ½ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚.], поэтому [.filename]#boot1# Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ слайса FreeBSD. Для этого ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ MBR: [.programlisting] .... @@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ main: .... .[.filename]#stand/i386/boot2/boot1.S# [[boot-boot2-make-fake-partition]] -Π’ частности, LBA для этой Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ТСстко Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ноль. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для BIOS ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ с ТСсткого диска. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСсация CHS. Π’ этом случаС, Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» содСрТит Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Ρ€ 0, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ 0 ΠΈ сСктор 1, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эквивалСнтно Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСктору ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½. +Π’ частности, LBA для этой Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Тёстко Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ноль. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для BIOS ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ с Тёсткого диска. Или ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСсация CHS. Π’ этом случаС Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» содСрТит Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Ρ€ 0, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ 0 ΠΈ сСктор 1, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эквивалСнтно Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСктору ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠΌ, рассмотрСв `nread`: @@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ init.8: xorl %ecx,%ecx # Zero .... .[.filename]#stand/i386/btx/btx/btx.S# [[btx-prot]] -Π‘Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° вызываСтся `setpic` для программирования 8259A PIC (ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊ нСскольким источникам Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ прСрывания ΠΎΡ‚ устройства ΠΎΠ½ сигнализируСт процСссору ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ прСрывания. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСрывания Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ связаны с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ объяснялось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ рСгистры IDTR (Interrupt Descriptor Table Register) ΠΈ GDTR (Global Descriptor Table Register) Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ инструкциями `lidt` ΠΈ `lgdt` соотвСтствСнно. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ рСгистры Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±Π °Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом для IDT ΠΈ GDT. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ инструкции ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Protection Enable (PE) Π² рСгистрС `%cr0`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ фактичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ процСссор Π² 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ выполняСтся дальний ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° `init.8` с использованиСм сСлСктора сСгмСнта SEL_SCODE, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сСгмСнт ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° супСрвизора (Supervisor Code Segment). ПослС этого ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° процСссор фактичСски Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ CPL 0 β€” Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. НаконСц, для стСка выбираСтся сСгмСнт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… супСрвизора (Supervisor Data Segment) ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ присвоСния сСлСктора сСгмСнт Π° SEL_SDATA рСгистру `%ss`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ сСгмСнт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΉ `0`. +Π‘Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° вызываСтся `setpic` для программирования 8259A PIC (ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊ нСскольким источникам Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ прСрывания ΠΎΡ‚ устройства ΠΎΠ½ сигнализируСт процСссору ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ прСрывания. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСрывания Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ связаны с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ объяснялось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ рСгистры IDTR (Interrupt Descriptor Table Register) ΠΈ GDTR (Global Descriptor Table Register) Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ инструкциями `lidt` ΠΈ `lgdt` соотвСтствСнно. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ рСгистры Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±Π °Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ адрСсом для IDT ΠΈ GDT. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ инструкции ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΈΡ‚ Protection Enable (PE) Π² рСгистрС `%cr0`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ фактичСски ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ процСссор Π² 32-Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ выполняСтся дальний ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° `init.8` с использованиСм сСлСктора сСгмСнта SEL_SCODE, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сСгмСнт ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° супСрвизора (Supervisor Code Segment). ПослС этого ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° процСссор фактичСски Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ CPL 0 β€” Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. НаконСц, для стСка выбираСтся сСгмСнт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… супСрвизора (Supervisor Data Segment) ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ присвоСния сСлСктора сСгмСнт Π° SEL_SDATA рСгистру `%ss`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ сСгмСнт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΉ `0`. Наш послСдний Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ TR (РСгистра Π—Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡) с сСлСктором сСгмСнта для TSS, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΡ‹ создали Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅, ΠΈ настройку окруТСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ управлСния исполнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ [.filename]#boot2#. @@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ init.9: push $0x0 # general [[boot2]] == Π­Ρ‚Π°ΠΏ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ boot2 -`boot2` опрСдСляСт Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ структуру, `struct bootinfo`. Π­Ρ‚Π° структура инициализируСтся `boot2` ΠΈ пСрСдаётся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ядру. НСкоторыС ΡƒΠ·Π»Ρ‹ этой структуры ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ `boot2`, ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ β€” Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚Π° структура, срСди ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, содСрТит имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра, Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ ТСсткого диска Π² BIOS, Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ диска Π² BIOS для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства, Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `envp` ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. Π•Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выглядит Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ: +`boot2` опрСдСляСт Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ структуру, `struct bootinfo`. Π­Ρ‚Π° структура инициализируСтся `boot2` ΠΈ пСрСдаётся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ядру. НСкоторыС ΡƒΠ·Π»Ρ‹ этой структуры ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ `boot2`, ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ β€” Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚Π° структура, срСди ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, содСрТит имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра, Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ Тёсткого диска Π² BIOS, Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ диска Π² BIOS для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства, Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `envp` ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. Π•Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выглядит Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ: [.programlisting] .... @@ -1064,7 +1064,7 @@ sys/kern/subr_param.c: Sysctl `kern.hz` прСдставляСт собой Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ систСмных часов. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, эти ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ sysctl ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ `init_param1()`: `kern.maxswzone, kern.maxbcache, kern.maxtsiz, kern.dfldsiz, kern.maxdsiz, kern.dflssiz, kern.maxssiz, kern.sgrowsiz`. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ `init386()` ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π“Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π’Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ ДСскрипторов -(GDT). КаТдая Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° Π½Π° x86 выполняСтся Π² своСм собствСнном Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ +(GDT). КаТдая Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° Π½Π° x86 выполняСтся Π² своём собствСнном Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ адрСсном пространствС, ΠΈ это пространство адрСсуСтся ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠΉ сСгмСнт:смСщСниС. НапримСр, Ссли тСкущая инструкция, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ процСссор, находится ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу CS:EIP, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ @@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ sys/i386/i386/machdep.c: #endif .... -Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ состояния Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (TSS) β€” это Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° x86, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для хранСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡. +Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ состояния Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (TSS) β€” это Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° x86, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для хранСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡. Π›ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π° дСскрипторов (LDT) ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ссылки Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пространства. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ нСсколько сСлСкторов, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° LDT, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΡˆΠ»ΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сСлСкторы ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po index 863c740fc1..8d2920051f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-05 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ msgid "" "customization possibilities." msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ FreeBSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ слоТным. ПослС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ " -"управлСния ΠΎΡ‚ BIOS Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ " +"управлСния ΠΎΡ‚ BIOS Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ " "настройки ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ядра. Π­Ρ‚Π° настройка Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° простым ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌ способом, прСдоставляя ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ " "возмоТности для настройки ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." @@ -333,9 +333,9 @@ msgid "" "jump instruction to the BIOS's POST routines." msgstr "" "BIOS (Basic Input Output System) β€” это микросхСма Π½Π° матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅, " -"которая содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСбольшой объСм памяти Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния " -"(ROM). Π­Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, спСцифичныС " -"для оборудования, поставляСмого с матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡ€ сначала " +"которая содСрТит ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСбольшой ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния (ROM)" +". Π­Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, спСцифичныС для " +"оборудования, поставляСмого с матСринской ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡ€ сначала " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу 0xfffffff0, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ фактичСски находится Π² памяти BIOS. " "ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ этому адрСсу содСрТится инструкция ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°ΠΌ POST BIOS." @@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ msgstr "" "процСссор ΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ этапом Π½Π° этой стадии " "являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ BIOS " "ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ устройство, обСспСчивая Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ с дискСты, " -"CD-ROM, ТСсткого диска ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… устройств." +"CD-ROM, Тёсткого диска ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… устройств." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:179 @@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@ msgid "" "and transferring control to it." msgstr "" "[.filename]#boot1# β€” это ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ шаг Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " -"пСрвая ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… стадий Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ сих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ‹ " +"пСрвая ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… стадий Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ сих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΡ‹ " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ с сСкторами диска. Π”Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, BIOS Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ " "самый ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор, Π° [.filename]#boot0# Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° " "FreeBSD. ОбС Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ происходят ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу `0x7c00`. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " @@ -1438,7 +1438,7 @@ msgid "" "rescan the partition table to find where the FreeBSD slice starts. " "Therefore it rereads the MBR:" msgstr "" -"Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ слайс FreeBSD. Π₯отя [.filename]#boot0# " +"Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ слайс FreeBSD. Π₯отя [.filename]#boot0# " "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ» [.filename]#boot1# ΠΈΠ· слайса FreeBSD, Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π° " "информация ΠΎΠ± этом footnote:[На самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° адрСс " "слайса Π² рСгистрС %si. Однако boot1 Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ " @@ -1519,11 +1519,11 @@ msgid "" "fake partition holds cylinder 0, head 0 and sector 1, which is equivalent to " "absolute sector one." msgstr "" -"Π’ частности, LBA для этой Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ТСстко Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ноль. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " +"Π’ частности, LBA для этой Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Тёстко Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ноль. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ для BIOS ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ с " -"ТСсткого диска. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСсация CHS. Π’ этом " -"случаС, Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» содСрТит Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Ρ€ 0, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ 0 ΠΈ сСктор 1, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " -"эквивалСнтно Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСктору ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½." +"Тёсткого диска. Или ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСсация CHS. Π’ этом случаС " +"Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» содСрТит Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄Ρ€ 0, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ 0 ΠΈ сСктор 1, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эквивалСнтно " +"Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСктору ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/boot/_index.adoc:591 @@ -2904,7 +2904,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‡ΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊ нСскольким источникам " "Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ прСрывания ΠΎΡ‚ устройства ΠΎΠ½ " "сигнализируСт процСссору ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ прСрывания. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ " -"Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСрывания Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ связаны с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " +"Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСрывания Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ связаны с ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " "Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ объяснялось Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ рСгистры IDTR (Interrupt " "Descriptor Table Register) ΠΈ GDTR (Global Descriptor Table Register) " "Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ инструкциями `lidt` ΠΈ `lgdt` соотвСтствСнно. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ рСгистры " @@ -3110,7 +3110,7 @@ msgstr "" "инициализируСтся `boot2` ΠΈ пСрСдаётся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡƒ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ядру. НСкоторыС " "ΡƒΠ·Π»Ρ‹ этой структуры ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ `boot2`, ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ β€” Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚Π° " "структура, срСди ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, содСрТит имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра, Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ " -"ТСсткого диска Π² BIOS, Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ диска Π² BIOS для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства, " +"Тёсткого диска Π² BIOS, Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ диска Π² BIOS для Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства, " "Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `envp` ΠΈ Ρ‚.Π΄. Π•Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выглядит " "Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ:" @@ -3696,7 +3696,7 @@ msgid "" "selector). FreeBSD's GDT holds descriptors for 15 selectors per CPU:" msgstr "" "Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ `init386()` ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π“Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π’Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ ДСскрипторов (GDT). " -"КаТдая Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° Π½Π° x86 выполняСтся Π² своСм собствСнном Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ адрСсном " +"КаТдая Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° Π½Π° x86 выполняСтся Π² своём собствСнном Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ адрСсном " "пространствС, ΠΈ это пространство адрСсуСтся ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠΉ сСгмСнт:смСщСниС. " "НапримСр, Ссли тСкущая инструкция, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ процСссор, " "находится ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу CS:EIP, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ адрСс этой инструкции " @@ -3887,7 +3887,7 @@ msgid "" "The Task State Segment is another x86 protected mode structure, the TSS is " "used by the hardware to store task information when a task switch occurs." msgstr "" -"Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ состояния Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (TSS) β€” это Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° " +"Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ состояния Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ (TSS) β€” это Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° структура Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° " "x86, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ для хранСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.adoc index aacb879d84..bdd854cf6b 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.adoc @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ KMOD=skeleton [[driverbasics-char]] == Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства -Π”Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ символьного устройства β€” это Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ устройством ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссом. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространСнный Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π° устройств, ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мноТСство простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². +Π”Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ символьного устройства β€” это Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ устройством ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссом. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространённый Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π° устройств, ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мноТСство простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ простой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ псСвдоустройства Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ всС значСния, записанныС Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.po index 57748f9514..3116e73e78 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/driverbasics/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-20 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π”Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ символьного устройства β€” это Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " "Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ устройством ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ процСссом. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ " -"распространСнный Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π° устройств, ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " +"распространённый Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π° устройств, ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " "мноТСство простых ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Plain text diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.adoc index 61caf17b2a..a36105d19f 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.adoc @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ flags - ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° прСрывания, ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ·: Π‘Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ (Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ освобоТдСн) Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ трСбованиям Ρ‚Π΅Π³Π°. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для выдСлСния ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… областСй памяти для взаимодСйствия с устройством. Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ памяти Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°: ΠΎΠ½Π° всСгда рассматриваСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ физичСской памяти. -Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚: ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ. КаТдая страница этой памяти Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° соотвСтствиС трСбованиям ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹. Если ΠΎΠ½Π° соотвСтствуСт, Ρ‚ΠΎ остаСтся Π½Π° своСм исходном мСстС. Если Π½Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎ выдСляСтся новая ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ промСТуточная страница (bounce page), которая ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ записи Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… исходных страниц ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ сначала ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° свои ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… страниц Π½Π° устройство. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ с устройства Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° свои Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ исходныС страницы. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ копирования ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ исходными ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ страницами называСтся синхронизациСй. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ: Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ загруТаСтся, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° выполняСтся, ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ выгруТаСтся. +Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚: ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ. КаТдая страница этой памяти Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° соотвСтствиС трСбованиям ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹. Если ΠΎΠ½Π° соотвСтствуСт, Ρ‚ΠΎ остаётся Π½Π° своём исходном мСстС. Если Π½Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎ выдСляСтся новая ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ промСТуточная страница (bounce page), которая ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ записи Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… исходных страниц ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ сначала ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° свои ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… страниц Π½Π° устройство. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ с устройства Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ страницы, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° свои Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ исходныС страницы. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ копирования ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ исходными ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ страницами называСтся синхронизациСй. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ: Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ загруТаСтся, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° выполняСтся, ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ выгруТаСтся. Π€ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ с ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ DMA: @@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ dmat - Ρ‚Π΅Π³, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½. НиТС прСдставлСны Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π΅Ρ‘ назначСния. Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ -> ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для обозначСния ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. -Для Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ остаСтся практичСски Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСго Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ присоСдинСниСм ΠΈ отсоСдинСниСм устройства: +Для Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ остаётся практичСски Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСго Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ присоСдинСниСм ΠΈ отсоСдинСниСм устройства: bus_dmamem_alloc -> bus_dmamap_load -> ...use buffer... -> -> bus_dmamap_unload -> bus_dmamem_free @@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ bus_dmamem_alloc -> bus_dmamap_load -> ...use buffer... -> -> bus_dmamap_unload return ENXIO; .... -ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ для Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ `identify()` Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°. Однако ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° вСская ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² `probe()`: Ссли этот ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ сбою Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ обнаруТСния упорядочСны с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° `sensitive`: Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства β€” ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. Но ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ `identify()` Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ любого обнаруТСния, поэтому ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сбой. +ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ для Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ `identify()` Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°. Однако ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° вСская ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² `probe()`: Ссли этот ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ сбою Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ обнаруТСния упорядочСны с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° `sensitive`: Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства β€” ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. Но ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ `identify()` Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ любого обнаруТСния, поэтому ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… сбой. Π’ΠΎΡ‚, послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ количСство ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ устройств PnP), Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядра эта информация отсутствуСт. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.po index 599e6b01a8..20b145402c 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/isa/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -1467,7 +1467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚: ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° " "Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρƒ. КаТдая страница этой памяти Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° соотвСтствиС " -"трСбованиям ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹. Если ΠΎΠ½Π° соотвСтствуСт, Ρ‚ΠΎ остаСтся Π½Π° своСм исходном " +"трСбованиям ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹. Если ΠΎΠ½Π° соотвСтствуСт, Ρ‚ΠΎ остаётся Π½Π° своём исходном " "мСстС. Если Π½Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎ выдСляСтся новая ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ промСТуточная страница (" "bounce page), которая ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ записи " "Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… исходных страниц ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ сначала ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° свои " @@ -2113,7 +2113,7 @@ msgid "" "For a buffer which stays practically fixed during all the time between " "attachment and detachment of a device:" msgstr "" -"Для Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ остаСтся практичСски Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСго Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ " +"Для Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ остаётся практичСски Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ всСго Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ " "ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ присоСдинСниСм ΠΈ отсоСдинСниСм устройства:" #. type: Plain text @@ -3064,7 +3064,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ для Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ `identify()` " "Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°. Однако ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° вСская ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ это Π² " "`probe()`: Ссли этот ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ привСсти ΠΊ сбою Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ обнаруТСния упорядочСны с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° " +"Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ обнаруТСния упорядочСны с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³Π° " "`sensitive`: Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ " "устройства β€” ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅. Но ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ `identify()` Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ любого " "обнаруТСния, поэтому ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.adoc index 14b36f4151..cc414c6ffa 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.adoc @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ toc::[] include::../../../../../shared/asciidoctor.adoc[] endif::[] -На Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ систСм UNIX(R) ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `root` ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ способствуСт бСзопасности. Если Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° `root` Π² систСмС, Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ окаТутся всС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΉ. Π’ FreeBSD ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ sysctl-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ `root`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± ΠΎΡ‚ дСйствий Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π’ частности, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ называСтся `ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ бСзопасности`. Аналогично, другая функция, доступная начиная с FreeBSD 4.0, β€” это ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° man:jail[8] β€” ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°. ΠšΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° создаСт chroot-ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ Сния Π½Π° процСссы, Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ `ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ`. НапримСр, процСсс Π² `ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅` Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° процСссы Π²Π½Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± основной систСмС. +На Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ систСм UNIX(R) ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ `root` ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ способствуСт бСзопасности. Если Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° `root` Π² систСмС, Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ окаТутся всС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΉ. Π’ FreeBSD ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ sysctl-ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ `root`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± ΠΎΡ‚ дСйствий Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π’ частности, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ называСтся `ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ бСзопасности`. Аналогично, другая функция, доступная начиная с FreeBSD 4.0, β€” это ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° man:jail[8] β€” ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°. ΠšΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° создаСт chroot-ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ Сния Π½Π° процСссы, Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ `ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ`. НапримСр, процСсс Π² `ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅` Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° процСссы Π²Π½Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± основной систСмС. ΠšΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° становится Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ модСлью бСзопасности. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ уязвимыС сСрвСры, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Apache, BIND ΠΈ sendmail, Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° `root` Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, это Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ лишь нСудобством, Π° Π½Π΅ катастрофой. Данная ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ Π² основном сосрСдоточСна Π½Π° Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ устройствС (исходном ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅) ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Для получСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ настройкС ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ см. extref:{handbook}jails[Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Руководства FreeBSD, jails-synopsis]. @@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ jail_attach(struct thread *td, struct jail_attach_args *uap) } .... -Когда процСсс создаСтся ΠΈΠ· Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² man:fork[2] ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `crhold()` для поддСрТания ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ автоматичСски сохраняСт ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ процСсса согласованными с Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, поэтому Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΉ процСсс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ остаСтся Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅. +Когда процСсс создаСтся ΠΈΠ· Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² man:fork[2] ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `crhold()` для поддСрТания ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ автоматичСски сохраняСт ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ процСсса согласованными с Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, поэтому Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΉ процСсс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ остаётся Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅. [.programlisting] .... @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ socreate(int dom, struct socket **aso, int type, int proto, === ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ -Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ распространСны, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ TCP, UDP, IP ΠΈ ICMP. IP ΠΈ ICMP находятся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅: сСтСвом ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 2. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ привязку ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ адрСсу процСссом Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ссли установлСн ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ `nam`. `nam` являСтся ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° структуру `sockaddr`, которая описываСт адрСс, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ привязываСтся слуТба. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `sockaddr` "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ шаблон для ссылки Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Π³ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ ½Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ адрСса". Π’ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `in_pcbbind_setup()`, `sin` β€” это ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° структуру `sockaddr_in`, которая содСрТит ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, адрСс, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈ сСмСйство Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² сокСта, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ привязан. Π’ основном, это Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссам ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ адрСс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ сущСствуСт Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ процСсс. +Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ распространСны, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ TCP, UDP, IP ΠΈ ICMP. IP ΠΈ ICMP находятся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅: сСтСвом ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 2. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ привязку ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ адрСсу процСссом Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ссли установлСн ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ `nam`. `nam` являСтся ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° структуру `sockaddr`, которая описываСт адрСс, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ привязываСтся слуТба. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `sockaddr` "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ шаблон для ссылки Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Π³ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ ½Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ адрСса". Π’ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ `in_pcbbind_setup()`, `sin` β€” это ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° структуру `sockaddr_in`, которая содСрТит ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, адрСс, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈ сСмСйство Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² сокСта, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ привязан. Π’ основном, это Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссам ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ адрСс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ сущСствуСт Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ процСсс. [.programlisting] .... @@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ in_pcbbind_setup(struct inpcb *inp, struct sockaddr *nam, in_addr_t *laddrp, } .... -Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ вопросом, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ выполняСт `prison_ip()`. `prison_ip()` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°: ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (прСдставлСнныС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `cred`), Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ IP-адрСс. Она Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 1, Ссли IP-адрСс НЕ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΈ 0 Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС. Как Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ссли это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ IP-адрСс, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ этому адрСсу. +Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ вопросом, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ выполняСт `prison_ip()`. `prison_ip()` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°: ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (прСдставлСнныС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `cred`), Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ IP-адрСс. Она Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 1, Ссли IP-адрСс НЕ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΈ 0 Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС. Как Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ссли это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ IP-адрСс, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ этому адрСсу. [.programlisting] .... diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.po index 7486e99aac..43d8e6834c 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-11 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± ΠΎΡ‚ дСйствий Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π’ частности, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… " "Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ называСтся `ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ бСзопасности`. Аналогично, другая функция, " "доступная начиная с FreeBSD 4.0, β€” это ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° man:jail[8] β€” ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°. ΠšΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° " -"создаСт chroot-ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ограничСния Π½Π° процСссы, " +"создаСт chroot-ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ограничСния Π½Π° процСссы, " "Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ `ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ`. НапримСр, процСсс Π² `ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅` Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° " -"процСссы Π²Π½Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " +"процСссы Π²Π½Π΅ Π΅Ρ‘, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " "ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± основной систСмС." #. type: Plain text @@ -820,11 +820,11 @@ msgid "" "process. It inherently keep the newly forked child's credential consistent " "with its parent, so the child process is also jailed." msgstr "" -"Когда процСсс создаСтся ΠΈΠ· Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² man:" -"fork[2] ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `crhold()` для поддСрТания ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"процСсса. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ автоматичСски сохраняСт ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ " +"Когда процСсс создаСтся ΠΈΠ· Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² " +"man:fork[2] ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ `crhold()` для поддСрТания ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " +"процСсса. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ автоматичСски сохраняСт ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ " "процСсса согласованными с Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, поэтому Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΉ процСсс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ " -"остаСтся Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅." +"остаётся Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅." #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/arch-handbook/jail/_index.adoc:324 @@ -1169,10 +1169,10 @@ msgid "" "disallows any processes from jail to be able to specify the address that " "does not belong to the jail in which the calling process exists." msgstr "" -"Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ распространСны, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ распространСны, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "TCP, UDP, IP ΠΈ ICMP. IP ΠΈ ICMP находятся Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅: сСтСвом ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 2. " -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ привязку " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ адрСсу процСссом Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ссли установлСн " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ прСдостороТности, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ привязку " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ адрСсу процСссом Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ссли установлСн " "ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ `nam`. `nam` являСтся ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° структуру `sockaddr`, которая " "описываСт адрСс, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ привязываСтся слуТба. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " "Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `sockaddr` \"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ шаблон для " @@ -1268,8 +1268,8 @@ msgid "" "that address." msgstr "" "Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ вопросом, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ выполняСт `prison_ip()`. " -"`prison_ip()` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°: ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " -"(прСдставлСнныС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `cred`), Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ IP-адрСс. Она Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 1, Ссли " +"`prison_ip()` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°: ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (" +"прСдставлСнныС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `cred`), Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ IP-адрСс. Она Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 1, Ссли " "IP-адрСс НЕ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΈ 0 Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС. Как Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, " "Ссли это Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ IP-адрСс, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρƒ Π½Π΅ " "Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ этому адрСсу." diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.adoc index fa43b32738..7d9e498d53 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.adoc @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ endif::[] Kobj Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ описаний ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². КаТдоС описаниС содСрТит ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. АдрСс описания ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² класса. -Класс создаСтся ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ построСния Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ с описаниями ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ использованиСм класс компилируСтся. Π’ процСссС компиляции выдСляСтся кэш ΠΈ связываСтся с классом. Π£Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ назначаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ описанию ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² класса, Ссли это Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сдСлано Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡ‹Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ компиляциСй класса. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° скриптом гСнСрируСтся функция для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ автоматичСского обращСния ΠΊ описанию ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° для поиска. БгСнСрированная функция ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€, связанный с описаниСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π² качСствС Ρ…ΡΡˆΠ° для доступа ΠΊ ΠΊΡΡˆΡƒ, связанному с классом ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Если ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ Π² кэшС, сгСнСрированная функция ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ класса для поиска ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Если ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ связанная с Π½ΠΈΠΌ функция Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ класса; Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ функция ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, связанная с описаниСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. +Класс создаСтся ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ построСния Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ с описаниями ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ использованиСм класс компилируСтся. Π’ процСссС компиляции выдСляСтся кэш ΠΈ связываСтся с классом. Π£Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ назначаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ описанию ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² класса, Ссли это Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сдСлано Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ компиляциСй, ΡΡΡ‹Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ Π½Π° этот класс. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° скриптом гСнСрируСтся функция для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ автоматичСского обращСния ΠΊ описанию ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° для поиска. Π‘Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€Π ΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ функция ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€, связанный с описаниСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π² качСствС Ρ…ΡΡˆΠ° для доступа ΠΊ ΠΊΡΡˆΡƒ, связанному с классом ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Если ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ Π² кэшС, сгСнСрированная функция ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ класса для поиска ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Если ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ связанная с Π½ΠΈΠΌ функция Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ класса; Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ функция ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, связанная с описаниСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ пСрСнаправлСния ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.po index 4209eb3967..26ad1feeb8 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/kobj/_index.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-07-02 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-26 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ msgstr "" "нСсколько Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ с описаниями ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ использованиСм класс " "компилируСтся. Π’ процСссС компиляции выдСляСтся кэш ΠΈ связываСтся с классом. " "Π£Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ назначаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ описанию ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ " -"ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² класса, Ссли это Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сдСлано Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡ‹Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ компиляциСй " -"класса. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° скриптом гСнСрируСтся функция для " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ автоматичСского обращСния ΠΊ описанию ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° для " -"поиска. БгСнСрированная функция ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ " +"ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² класса, Ссли это Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сдСлано Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ компиляциСй, ΡΡΡ‹Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ " +"Π½Π° этот класс. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° скриптом гСнСрируСтся " +"функция для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ автоматичСского обращСния ΠΊ описанию " +"ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° для поиска. БгСнСрированная функция ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ " "ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€, связанный с описаниСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π² качСствС Ρ…ΡΡˆΠ° для доступа ΠΊ " "ΠΊΡΡˆΡƒ, связанному с классом ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Если ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ Π² кэшС, " "сгСнСрированная функция ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ класса для поиска ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Если " diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/mac/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/mac/_index.adoc index d27bbccef5..133fe61ed3 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/mac/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/arch-handbook/mac/_index.adoc @@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ FreeBSD Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ [[mac-framework-kernel-arch-label-synchronization]] === Бинхронизация ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ -ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ ядра ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ допускаСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² MAC Framework, Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ² бСзопасности, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ MAC Framework, Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ синхронизировано. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ синхронизация ядра для Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ядра ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ бСзопасности MAC Framework Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅: Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ MAC Π½Π° сокСтах Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° сокСта. Аналогично, сСмантика ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° сСмантикС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎ Π±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²: для ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… поддСрТиваСтся сСмантика копирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи для содСрТимого ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ для ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ структуры ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. MAC Framework устанавливаСт Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ с ссылкой Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚. Авторам ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эти сСмантики синхронизации, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ доступа ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ: Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ссылка Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ пСрСдаётся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΡƒ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ чтСния для состояния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. +ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ ядра ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈ допускаСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² MAC Framework, Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ² бСзопасности, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ MAC Framework, Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ синхронизировано. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ синхронизация ядра для Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ядра ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ бСзопасности MAC Framework Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅: Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ MAC Π½Π° сокСтах Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° сокСта. Аналогично, сСмантика ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° сСмантикС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎ Π±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²: для ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… поддСрТиваСтся сСмантика копирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ записи для содСрТимого ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ для ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ структуры ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. MAC Framework устанавливаСт Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ с ссылкой Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚. Авторам ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эти сСмантики синхронизации, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ доступа ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ: Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ссылка Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ пСрСдаётся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΡƒ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ чтСния для состояния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. [[mac-framework-kernel-arch-policy-synchronization]] === Бинхронизация ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ -ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ написаны с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ мноТСство ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ядра ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ‚Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ядра FreeBSD. Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ измСняСмоС состояниС, это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ примСнСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² синхронизации Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ нСсогласованныС прСдставлСния этого состояния, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ синхронизации FreeBSD для этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Π² ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‹, Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ с ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, условныС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ счётныС сСмафоры. Однако ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ написаны Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ остороТно, соблюдая ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ порядки Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Π² ядрС ΠΈ учитывая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ оТидания, ограничивая использованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π² этих Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ опСрациями пробуТдСния. +ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ написаны с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ мноТСство ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ядра ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ нСсколько Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ‚Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ядра FreeBSD. Если ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ измСняСмоС состояниС, это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ примСнСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² синхронизации Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ нСсогласованныС прСдставлСния этого состояния, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ синхронизации FreeBSD для этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Π² ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΡ‹, Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ с ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, условныС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ счётныС сСмафоры. Однако ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ написаны Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ остороТно, соблюдая ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ порядки Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Π² ядрС ΠΈ учитывая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ оТидания, ограничивая использованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π² этих Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ опСрациями пробуТдСния. Когда ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ подсистСмам ядра, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ порядка Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ядра ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ риска рСкурсивных Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π² глобальном порядкС Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ, помогая ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ FreeBSD Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ [[mac-framework-kernel-arch-entrypoints]] === Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° -Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ взаимодСйствуСт с MAC Framework двумя способами: Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ API для увСдомлСния Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… событиях ΠΈ прСдоставляСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° структуру ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ…, связанных с Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ управляСтся MAC Framework Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° управлСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ слуТбу ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ модулям ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ с ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ измСнСниями Π² подсистСмС ядра, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ. НапримСр, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊ процСссам, ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ ссов, сокСтам, ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ, vnode, Mbuf, сСтСвым интСрфСйсам, очСрСдям сборки IP-ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ мноТСству Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… структур, связанных с Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ MAC Framework ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ принятии Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ бСзопасности, позволяя модулям ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° основС собствСнных ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² (Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, хранящиСся Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности). Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ этих критичСски Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ бСзопасности Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ явными ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ контроля доступа; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ принятия Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сопоставлСн ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для сокСтов ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. +Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ взаимодСйствуСт с MAC Framework двумя способами: Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ API для увСдомлСния Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… событиях ΠΈ прСдоставляСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° структуру ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ…, связанных с Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ управляСтся MAC Framework Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° управлСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ слуТбу ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ модулям ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ с ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ измСнСниями Π² подсистСмС ядра, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ. НапримСр, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊ процСссам, ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ ссов, сокСтам, ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ, vnode, Mbuf, сСтСвым интСрфСйсам, очСрСдям сборки IP-ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ мноТСству Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… структур, связанных с Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ MAC Framework ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ принятии Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ бСзопасности, позволяя модулям ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° основС собствСнных ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² (Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, хранящиСся Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности). Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ этих критичСски Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ бСзопасности Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ явными ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ контроля доступа; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ принятия Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сопоставлСн ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для сокСтов ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. [[mac-framework-kernel-arch-composition]] === ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ @@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ MPC_LOADTIME_FLAG_LABELMBUFS:: Авторы ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ освСдомлСны ΠΎ стратСгии Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Π² ядрС, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² доступны Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Им слСдуСт ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сцСнариСв Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ, Π½Π΅ захватывая нСлистовыС Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ для доступа ΠΈ измСнСния ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ частности, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ хотя Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ для доступа ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, достаточныС Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ для измСнСния ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Ρ Œ для всСх Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² описании Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° MAC. -Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ссылку Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° вмСстС с самим ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ структуры ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Π˜ΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· этого ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСсса, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ прСдполагаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ бСзопасности ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ класса Π² ядрС. +Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ссылку Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° вмСстС с самим ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ структуры ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Π˜ΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· этого ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСсса, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ прСдполагаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ бСзопасности ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ класса Π² ядрС. [[mac-entry-point-reference]] == Π‘ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ MAC @@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ void mpo_init_cred_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π˜Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ для вновь созданных ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. +Π˜Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ для вновь созданных ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. [[mac-mpo-init-devfsdirent]] ==== `mpo_init_devfsdirent_label` @@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_bpfdesc_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° дСскрипторС BPF. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° дСскрипторС BPF. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-cred]] ==== `mpo_destroy_cred_label` @@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_cred_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-devfsdirent]] ==== `mpo_destroy_devfsdirent_label` @@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_devfsdirent_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° записи devfs. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° записи devfs. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-ifnet-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_ifnet_label` @@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_ifnet_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ интСрфСйсС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ интСрфСйсС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-ipq-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_ipq_label` @@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_ipq_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ IP-Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ IP-Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-mbuf-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_mbuf_label` @@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_mbuf_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ mbuf. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π² Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ mbuf. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-mount-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_mount_label` @@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_mount_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ монтирования. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `mntlabel`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ монтирования. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `mntlabel`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-mount]] ==== `mpo_destroy_mount_label` @@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_socket_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° сокСтС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° сокСтС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-socket-peer-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_socket_peer_label` @@ -906,7 +906,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_socket_peer_label(struct label *peerlabel); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π»Π° Π½Π° сокСтС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π»Π° Π½Π° сокСтС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-pipe-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_pipe_label` @@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_proc_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° процСссС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° процСссС. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-destroy-vnode-label]] ==== `mpo_destroy_vnode_label` @@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ void mpo_destroy_vnode_label(struct label *label); | |=== -Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° vnode. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +Π£Π½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° vnode. Π’ этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ любоС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅, связанноС с `label`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. [[mac-mpo-copy-mbuf-label]] ==== `mpo_copy_mbuf_label` @@ -1664,7 +1664,7 @@ void mpo_create_devfs_symlink(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`mp` @@ -1708,7 +1708,7 @@ int mpo_create_vnode_extattr(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`mount` @@ -1759,7 +1759,7 @@ void mpo_create_mount(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp, struct label *mnt, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`mp` @@ -1775,7 +1775,7 @@ void mpo_create_mount(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp, struct label *mnt, | |=== -Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ монтирования, создаваСмой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. +Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ монтирования, создаваСмой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. [[mac-mpo-create-root-mount]] ===== `mpo_create_root_mount` @@ -1796,7 +1796,7 @@ void mpo_create_root_mount(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp, 3+|Π‘ΠΌ. crossref:mac[mac-mpo-create-mount, `mpo_create_mount`]. |=== -Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ монтирования, создаваСмой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы послС `mpo_create_mount;`. +Π—Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ монтирования, создаваСмой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы послС `mpo_create_mount;`. [[mac-mpo-relabel-vnode]] ===== `mpo_relabel_vnode` @@ -1815,7 +1815,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_vnode(struct ucred *cred, struct vnode *vp, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`vp` @@ -1831,7 +1831,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_vnode(struct ucred *cred, struct vnode *vp, | |=== -ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ vnode с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ vnode ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. +ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ vnode с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ vnode ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. [[mac-mpo-setlabel-vnode-extattr]] ===== `mpo_setlabel_vnode_extattr` @@ -1850,7 +1850,7 @@ int mpo_setlabel_vnode_extattr(struct ucred *cred, struct vnode *vp, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`vp` @@ -1958,7 +1958,7 @@ void mpo_create_pipe(struct ucred *cred, struct pipe *pipe, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`pipe` @@ -1970,7 +1970,7 @@ void mpo_create_pipe(struct ucred *cred, struct pipe *pipe, | |=== -Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ созданном ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°. +Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ созданном ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°. [[mac-mpo-create-socket]] ===== `mpo_create_socket` @@ -1989,7 +1989,7 @@ void mpo_create_socket(struct ucred *cred, struct socket *so, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° |НСизмСняСмый |`so` @@ -2001,7 +2001,7 @@ void mpo_create_socket(struct ucred *cred, struct socket *so, | |=== -Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ сокСтС ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании сокСта. +Π£ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ сокСтС ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² выполняСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании сокСта. [[mac-mpo-create-socket-from-socket]] ===== `mpo_create_socket_from_socket` @@ -2056,7 +2056,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_pipe(struct ucred *cred, struct pipe *pipe, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`pipe` @@ -2091,7 +2091,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_socket(struct ucred *cred, struct socket *so, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° |НСизмСняСмый |`so` @@ -2200,7 +2200,7 @@ void mpo_create_bpfdesc(struct ucred *cred, struct bpf_d *bpf_d, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° |НСизмСняСмый |`bpf_d` @@ -2616,7 +2616,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_ifnet(struct ucred *cred, struct ifnet *ifnet, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`ifnet` @@ -2632,7 +2632,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_ifnet(struct ucred *cred, struct ifnet *ifnet, | |=== -ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ сСтСвого интСрфСйса, `ifnet`, Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, `newlabel`, ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, `cred`. +ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ сСтСвого интСрфСйса, `ifnet`, Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, `newlabel`, ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, `cred`. [[mac-mpo-update-ipq]] ===== `mpo_update_ipq` @@ -2688,7 +2688,7 @@ void mpo_create_cred(struct ucred *parent_cred, struct ucred *child_cred); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`parent_cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°β€Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Ρ +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°β€Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Ρ | |`child_cred` @@ -2716,11 +2716,11 @@ void mpo_execve_transition(struct ucred *old, struct ucred *new, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`old` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° |НСизмСняСмый |`new` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° для добавлСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° для добавлСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ | |`vp` @@ -2732,7 +2732,7 @@ void mpo_execve_transition(struct ucred *old, struct ucred *new, | |=== -ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… вновь созданного ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (`new`) Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (`old`) Π² соотвСтствии с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ vnode (`vp`). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² происходит, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс выполняСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ vnode, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ успСх ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° `mpo_execve_will_transition`. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этого Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° просто ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `mpo_create_cred` ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ событиС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эту Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΡƒ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ `mpo_create_cred`, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ `mpo_execve_will_transition`. +ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… вновь созданного ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (`new`) Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° (`old`) Π² соотвСтствии с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ vnode (`vp`). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² происходит, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс выполняСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ vnode, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ успСх ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° `mpo_execve_will_transition`. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этого Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° просто ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° `mpo_create_cred` ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ событиС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эту Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΡƒ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ `mpo_create_cred`, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ `mpo_execve_will_transition`. [[mac-mpo-execve-will-transition]] ===== `mpo_execve_will_transition` @@ -2751,7 +2751,7 @@ int mpo_execve_will_transition(struct ucred *old, struct vnode *vp, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`old` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ man:execve[2] +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ man:execve[2] |НСизмСняСмый |`vp` @@ -2763,7 +2763,7 @@ int mpo_execve_will_transition(struct ucred *old, struct vnode *vp, | |=== -ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ событиС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ выполнСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ vnode с использованиСм ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π’Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ 1, Ссли ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ трСбуСтся, ΠΈ 0, Ссли Π½Π΅Ρ‚. Π”Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 0, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² `mpo_execve_transition`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ этот Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° запроса ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ. +ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ событиС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ выполнСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ vnode с использованиСм ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π’Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ 1, Ссли ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ трСбуСтся, ΠΈ 0, Ссли Π½Π΅Ρ‚. Π”Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 0, ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² `mpo_execve_transition`, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ этот Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° запроса ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ. [[mac-mpo-create-proc0]] ===== `mpo_create_proc0` @@ -2781,11 +2781,11 @@ void mpo_create_proc0(struct ucred *cred); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° для заполнСния +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° для заполнСния | |=== -Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° процСсса 0, родитСля всСх процСссов ядра. +Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° процСсса 0, родитСля всСх процСссов ядра. [[mac-mpo-create-proc1]] ===== `mpo_create_proc1` @@ -2803,11 +2803,11 @@ void mpo_create_proc1(struct ucred *cred); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° для заполнСния +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° для заполнСния | |=== -Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° процСсса 1, родитСля всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… процСссов. +Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° процСсса 1, родитСля всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… процСссов. [[mac-mpo-relabel-cred]] ===== `mpo_relabel_cred` @@ -2825,7 +2825,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_cred(struct ucred *cred, struct label *newlabel); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`newlabel` @@ -2833,7 +2833,7 @@ void mpo_relabel_cred(struct ucred *cred, struct label *newlabel); | |=== -ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ обновляСмой ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. +ΠžΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ обновляСмой ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. [[mac-access-control-checks]] === ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ контроля доступа @@ -2913,7 +2913,7 @@ int mpo_check_kenv_dump(struct ucred *cred); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |=== @@ -2935,7 +2935,7 @@ int mpo_check_kenv_get(struct ucred *cred, char *name); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`name` @@ -2961,7 +2961,7 @@ int mpo_check_kenv_set(struct ucred *cred, char *name); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`name` @@ -2987,7 +2987,7 @@ int mpo_check_kenv_unset(struct ucred *cred, char *name); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`name` @@ -3014,7 +3014,7 @@ int mpo_check_kld_load(struct ucred *cred, struct vnode *vp, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`vp` @@ -3044,7 +3044,7 @@ int mpo_check_kld_stat(struct ucred *cred); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |=== @@ -3066,7 +3066,7 @@ int mpo_check_kld_unload(struct ucred *cred); | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |=== @@ -3089,7 +3089,7 @@ int mpo_check_pipe_ioctl(struct ucred *cred, struct pipe *pipe, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | |`pipe` @@ -3128,7 +3128,7 @@ int mpo_check_pipe_poll(struct ucred *cred, struct pipe *pipe, | Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° |`cred` -|Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° +|Π£Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° | *** 1783 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 12:02:23 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYcKX0sttz6Vhbv for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:02:23 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 31c98 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:02:23 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: c55270cffb - main - update translation of books/design-44bsd to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: c55270cffbea46018e9f1476ffd7d2027eccda52 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:02:23 +0000 Message-Id: <69b69fcf.31c98.282abcd8@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=c55270cffbea46018e9f1476ffd7d2027eccda52 commit c55270cffbea46018e9f1476ffd7d2027eccda52 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 12:02:11 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 12:02:11 +0000 update translation of books/design-44bsd to Russian Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55724 --- .../content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc | 90 +++++++------- .../content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.po | 138 ++++++++++----------- 2 files changed, 114 insertions(+), 114 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc index 676c9183dd..b32d0b4d86 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc @@ -64,22 +64,22 @@ toc::[] . ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ управлСния Π² адрСсном пространствС. ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ создания, Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ процСссы описаны Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 4. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса систСма ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство; Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ обсуТдаСтся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 5. . ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ доступа ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΈ устройствам ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅; ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ аспСкты ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 6. Ѐайловая систСма являСтся Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠΌΠΈ прСдставлСны Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 7. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… физичСских носитСлях, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ диски. 4.4BSD ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ нСсколько Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° дискС, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ описано Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 8. Доступ ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ… являСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ обсуТдСния Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 9. Для доступа ΠΊ систСмС Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ‹ испоР»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ‹; ΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ посвящСна Π³Π»Π°Π²Π° 10. -. ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, прСдоставляСмыС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ UNIX-систСмами, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ связанными процСссами (смотритС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Π² Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 11.1) ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… событиях (смотритС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎ сигналах Π² Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 4.7). Π’ 4.4BSD имССтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ мСТпроцСссного взаимодСйствия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, описываСмый Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 11, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ способы доступа, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ соСдинСниС установлСно, процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π½ΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€. Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ, описываСмый Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 12, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слой Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° IPC. Π’ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13 даСтся Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ. -. Π’ любой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ вопросы управлСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ запуск. Запуск ΠΈ вопросы управлСния ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 14. +. ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, прСдоставляСмыС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ UNIX-систСмами, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ связанными процСссами (смотритС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Π² Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 11.1) ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… событиях (смотритС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎ сигналах Π² Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 4.7). Π’ 4.4BSD имССтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ мСТпроцСссного взаимодСйствия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, описываСмый Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 11, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ способы доступа, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ соСдинСниС установлСно, процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π½ΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€. Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ, описываСмый Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 12, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слой Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° IPC. Π’ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13 даётся Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ. +. Π’ любой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ вопросы управлСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Ρ‘ запуск. Запуск ΠΈ вопросы управлСния ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 14. Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ с 2.3 ΠΏΠΎ 2.14 ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π», относящийся ΠΊ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π°ΠΌ с 3 ΠΏΠΎ 14. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌ понятия, коснСмся основных систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ рассмотрим историчСскиС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ. НаконСц, ΠΌΡ‹ расскаТСм ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ==== Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ -_Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ_ являСтся Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ систСмы, которая Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ управляСт доступом всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ (ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, ЦПУ, дискам, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ, сСтСвым связям) ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ (ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ). Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ прСдоставляСт основныС подсистСмы; ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ создаСт процСссы ΠΈ управляСт ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, прСдоставляСт Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ для доступа ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΈ слуТбам связи. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ _систСмными Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ_, доступны процСссам ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡ Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ СдинствСнным способом доступа ΠΊ этим подсистСмам. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² даСтся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 3, вмСстС с описаниСм Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ядра, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ являСтся прямым Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ процСсса, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ². +_Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ_ являСтся Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ систСмы, которая Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ управляСт доступом всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ (ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, ЦПУ, дискам, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ, сСтСвым связям) ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ (ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ). Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ прСдоставляСт основныС подсистСмы; ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ создаСт процСссы ΠΈ управляСт ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, прСдоставляСт Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ для доступа ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΈ слуТбам связи. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ _систСмными Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ_, доступны процСссам ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡ Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ СдинствСнным способом доступа ΠΊ этим подсистСмам. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² даётся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 3, вмСстС с описаниСм Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ядра, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ являСтся прямым Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ процСсса, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ². -_Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ_, ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, являСтся малСньким куском ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ прСдоставляСт Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ подсистСм, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… слуТб ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π’ соврСмСнных ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах β€” Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Chorus crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-rozier, [Rozier et al, 1988]], Mach crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-accetta, [Accetta et al, 1986]], Tunis crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-ewens, [Ewens et al, 1985]], ΠΈ V Kernel crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-cheriton, [Cheriton, 1988]] - Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ логичСски. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ слуТбы, Π ΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΈ сСтСвыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ядра ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ микроядра. +_Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ_, ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, являСтся малСньким куском ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ прСдоставляСт Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ подсистСм, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… слуТб ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π’ соврСмСнных ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах β€” Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Chorus crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-rozier, [Rozier et al, 1988]], Mach crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-accetta, [Accetta et al, 1986]], Tunis crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-ewens, [Ewens et al, 1985]], ΠΈ V Kernel crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-cheriton, [Cheriton, 1988]] - Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ логичСски. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ слуТбы, ΠΊ Π°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΈ сСтСвыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ядра ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ микроядра. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD Π½Π΅ разбиваСтся Π½Π° нСсколько процСссов. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сдСлано Π² самых Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ… вСрсиях UNIX. Π’ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… рСализациях КСна Вомпсона (Ken Thompson) Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ памяти, ΠΈ поэтому Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ различия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ адрСсным пространством ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ядра crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-ritchie, [Ritchie, 1988]]. Могла Π±Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½Π° систСма ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° сообщСниями ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рСализуСмая модСль процСссов ядра ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. Для простоты ΠΈ увСличСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ядро. К Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ яд Ρ€Π° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ малСнькими; Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… подсистСм, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСтСвыС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π² ядро ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² области ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм сводятся ΠΊ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ядра Π·Π° счСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… слуТб Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ адрСсноС пространство. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с систСмой Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ языка ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ (_shell_), ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ процСссов. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ этой ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ, которая практичСски ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ посвящСна Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ядра. -Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… 2.3 ΠΈ 2.4 ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сСрвисы, прСдоставляСмыС ядром 4.4BSD, ΠΈ даСтся ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ подробности Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этих сСрвисов Π² 4.4BSD. +Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… 2.3 ΠΈ 2.4 ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сСрвисы, прСдоставляСмыС ядром 4.4BSD, ΠΈ даётся ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ подробности Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этих сСрвисов Π² 4.4BSD. [[overview-kernel-organization]] === ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ядра @@ -153,16 +153,16 @@ _Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ_, ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ† crossref:design-44bsd[table-mach-indep, МашинонСзависимоС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС Π² ядрС 4.4BSD] ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ статистику машинонСзависимого ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ составляСт ядро 4.4BSD для HP300. Числа Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ количСство строк исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° языкС C, Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ассСмблСрного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ вСсь ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ядра написан Π½Π° языкС программирования C; ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² написано Π½Π° языкС ассСмблСра. Как ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ статистика Π² crossref:design-44bsd[table-mach-dep, МашинозависимоС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС для HP300 Π² ядрС 4.4BSD], ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ HP/UX ΠΈ устройств, составляСт ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 6.9 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ядра. -Π›ΠΈΡˆΡŒ малая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ядра ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ систСмы. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ _Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅_ систСмы для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° настройку Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ окруТСния ядра (ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 14). НСкоторыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы (особСнно Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ объСмом физичСской памяти) Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ дСйствия ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ_ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ эти Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, послС окончания Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ с ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, использованной Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этот объСм памя Ρ‚ΠΈ составляСт ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0.5 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² рСсурсов ядра, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ машинС. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ находится Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ мСстС ядра - ΠΎΠ½ рассрСдоточСн Π²Π΅Π·Π΄Π΅, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ появляСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π³Π΄Π΅ логичСски связан с ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +Π›ΠΈΡˆΡŒ малая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ядра ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ систСмы. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ _Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅_ систСмы для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° настройку Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ окруТСния ядра (ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 14). НСкоторыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы (особСнно Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠΌ физичСской памяти) Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ дСйствия ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ_ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ эти Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, послС окончания Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ с ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, использованной Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этот ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памя Ρ‚ΠΈ составляСт ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0.5 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² рСсурсов ядра, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ машинС. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ находится Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ мСстС ядра - ΠΎΠ½ рассрСдоточСн Π²Π΅Π·Π΄Π΅, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ появляСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π³Π΄Π΅ логичСски связан с ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. [[overview-kernel-service]] === Π‘Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ±Ρ‹ ядра -Π Π°Π·Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ядра ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ обСспСчиваСтся Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, прСдоставляСмыми ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ адрСсном пространствС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ нСдоступно процСссам ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ - Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ осущСствлСниС Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ остановка модуля Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссора (CPU) - доступны Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ядру. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ запросы ядру Π½Π° доступ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвисам ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ _систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ²_. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для указания ядру Π½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слоТных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ °ΠΊ запись Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ простых, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ВсС систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ _синхронно_ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ядро Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ дСйствия, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ систСмному Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρƒ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанныС с систСмным Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ окончания. НапримСр, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _write_ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ записываСмыС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс находится Π² ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ ˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ записан Π½Π° диск. +Π Π°Π·Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ядра ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ обСспСчиваСтся Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, прСдоставляСмыми ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ адрСсном пространствС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ нСдоступно процСссам ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ - Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ осущСствлСниС Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ остановка модуля Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссора (CPU) - доступны Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ядру. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ запросы ядру Π½Π° доступ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвисам ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ _систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ²_. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для указания ядру Π½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слоТных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ запись Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ простых, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ВсС систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ _синхронно_ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ядро Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ дСйствия, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ систСмному Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρƒ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанныС с систСмным Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ окончания. НапримСр, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _write_ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ записываСмыС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс находится Π² ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ °Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ записан Π½Π° диск. БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ рСализуСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ измСняСт Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ CPU ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ адрСсного пространства. ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ систСмным Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ использованиСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ядром. Вакая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° обСспСчиваСт Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ систСмы. ВсС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π² ядро, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² адрСсноС пространство ядра, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ выполнСния систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСгистрах, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² области памяти, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ. Как ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² ядро, адрСса, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ для возвращСния Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ адрСсного пространства прилоТСния. Если ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° ядром Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ошибка, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ошибки возвращаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ. Π’ случаС языка программирования C ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ этой ошибки сохраняСтся Π² глобальной ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ _errno_, Π° функция, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ систСмному Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρƒ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ ‚Π²Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ -1. -ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ прилоТСния ΠΈ ядро Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ нСзависимо Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. 4.4BSD Π½Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ связанныС с ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой структуры Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² адрСсном пространствС прилоТСния. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ прСдоставляСтся нСзависимоС адрСсноС пространство, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ выполняСтся. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ выполняСт Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ приостановка процСсса Π½Π° врСмя выполнСния Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ для ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… процСссов. +ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ прилоТСния ΠΈ ядро Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ нСзависимо Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. 4.4BSD Π½Π΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ связанныС с ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмой структуры Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² адрСсном пространствС прилоТСния. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ прСдоставляСтся нСзависимоС адрСсноС пространство, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ выполняСтся. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ выполняСт Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ приостановка процСсса Π½Π° врСмя выполнСния Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ для ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… процСссов. [[overview-process-management]] === Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ процСссами @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ crossref:design-44bsd[table-mach-indep, МашинонСзависимоС ΠΏΡ€ .Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] -Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° рисункС crossref:design-44bsd[fig-process-lifecycle,Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ исходного процСсса с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _fork_. Π’ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _fork_ происходит Π΄Π²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π°: ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ процСссС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ являСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ процСссС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ 0. Бвязь Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ-ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ структуру процСссов Π² систСмС. Новый процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ доступ ΠΊΠΎ всСм рСсурсам Π΅Π³ΠΎ родитСля, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ дСскрипторы, состояниС ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ сигналов ΠΈ распрСдСлСниС памяти. +Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° рисункС crossref:design-44bsd[fig-process-lifecycle,Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ исходного процСсса с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _fork_. Π’ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _fork_ происходит Π΄Π²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π°: ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ процСссС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ являСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ процСссС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ 0. Бвязь Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ-ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ структуру процСссов Π² систСмС. Новый процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ доступ ΠΊΠΎ всСм рСсурсам Π΅Π³ΠΎ родитСля, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ дСскрипторы, состояниС ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ сигналов ΠΈ распрСдСлСниС памяти. Π₯отя Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ситуации, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° процСсс Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ своСго родитСля, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ дСйствиСм являСтся Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСбя ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ памяти Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, пСрСдавая вновь созданному ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρƒ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _execve_. Одним ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² являСтся имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, содСрТимоС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅, распознаваСмый систСмой - это Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ выполняСмый Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ запуску ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ любой ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌ процСссов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _wait_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ PID ΠΈ статус Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ процСсса. Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ настроСн Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сигнала Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π°Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _wait4_ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ событии, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса ΠΈ ΠΎ рСсурсах, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссом Π·Π° врСмя Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Если процСсс становится сиротой ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ процСсс, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΉ, Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ» Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎ окончания Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΊΠ°, Ρ‚ΠΎ ядро пСрСнаправляСт состояниС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса особому систСмному процСссу _init_: ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌ 3.1 ΠΈ 14.6). -ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро создаСт ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ процСссы, даСтся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 5. +ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро создаСт ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ процСссы, даётся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 5. ΠŸΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ выполнСния процСссов осущСствляСтся согласно ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρƒ _приоритСтности процСсса_. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ управляСтся Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠΌ планирования Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ Π² ядрС. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ процСсса, задавая этот ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ (_nice_), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ влияСт Π½Π° суммарный ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ использованиСм рСсурсов CPU согласно Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‰ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ ядра. @@ -195,17 +195,17 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] НСкоторыС сигналы Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹. К Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ сигналам относятся _SIGKILL_, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ нСуправляСмый процСсс, ΠΈ сигнал управлСния заданиями _SIGSTOP_. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сигналов Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стСк для выполнСния Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… манипуляций стСком. НапримСр, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ языка Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ стСк для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. БистСма Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния языка ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти стСки, раздСляя СдинствСнный стСк, прСдоставляСмый Π² 4.4BSD. Если ядро Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стСк сигналов, Ρ‚ΠΎ пространство, выдСляСмоС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° объСм, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° сигнала. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сигналов Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стСк для выполнСния Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… манипуляций стСком. НапримСр, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ языка Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ стСк для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. БистСма Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния языка ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти стСки, раздСляя СдинствСнный стСк, прСдоставляСмый Π² 4.4BSD. Если ядро Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стСк сигналов, Ρ‚ΠΎ пространство, выдСляСмоС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° сигнала. ВсС сигналы ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ _ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚_. Если ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ нСсколько сигналов, Ρ‚ΠΎ порядок ΠΈΡ… направлСния процСссу зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ сигналов, выполняСмыС ΠΏΠΎ сигналу, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π», Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сгСнСрированы Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сигналы. Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ критичСский участок ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ появлСния Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сигналов. -ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° сигналов даСтся Π² Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 4.7. +ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° сигналов даётся Π² Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 4.7. ==== Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния ΠΈ сСансы -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² _Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния_. Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для управлСния доступом ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ для обСспСчСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ сигналов Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ связанных процСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ наслСдуСт Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния ΠΎΡ‚ своСго Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ процСссу ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ свою Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния своих наслСдников. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния просто; Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ являСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Π΅ процСсса. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² _Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния_. Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для управлСния доступом ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ для обСспСчСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ сигналов Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ связанных процСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ наслСдуСт Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния ΠΎΡ‚ своСго Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ процСссу ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ свою Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния своих наслСдников. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния просто; Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ являСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ процСсса. -Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ процСссов Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ_ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ управляСтся высокоуровнСвым систСмным ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ обСспСчСниСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСссор. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ задания, созданного ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссором, являСтся _ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€_ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… связанных процСссов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса являСтся Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ для Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса являСтся Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСссор создаСт Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, пороТдая процСсс для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ участка ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€Π° , Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ помСщая всС эти процСссы Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ. +Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ процСссов Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ_ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ управляСтся высокоуровнСвым систСмным ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ обСспСчСниСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСссор. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ задания, созданного ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссором, являСтся _ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€_ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… связанных процСссов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса являСтся Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ для Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса являСтся Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ для Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСссор создаСт Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, пороТдая процСсс для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ участка ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€Π°, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ помСщая всС эти процСссы Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сигнал ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ всСм процСссам Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ процСссу. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Π² Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ прСрывания, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅, приводящиС ΠΊ приостановкС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ выполнСния, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. @@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ собствСнноС адрСсноС пространство. АдрСсноС пространство ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ раздСляСтся Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ логичСских сСгмСнта: _ΠΊΠΎΠ΄_, _Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅_ ΠΈ _стСк_. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° доступСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для чтСния ΠΈ содСрТит ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ стСка ΠΎΠ±Π° доступны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для чтСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для записи. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… содСрТит ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ области Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ стСковый сСгмСнт прСдставляСт собой стСк ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π° этапС выполнСния. На Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ машин сСгмСнт стСка автоматичСски рас ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ядром Π² процСссС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ свой сСгмСнт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, выполняя систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ сСгмСнта ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° содСрТимоС сСгмСнта пСрСкрываСтся Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² процСссС ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ содСрТимоС сСгмСнтов ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса копируСтся ΠΈΠ· сСгмСнтов Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. -Для выполнСния процСсса вовсС Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ постоянно Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ содСрТимоС Π΅Π³ΠΎ адрСсного пространства. Если процСсс обращаСтся ΠΊ области адрСсного пространства, которая Π½Π΅ присутствуСт Π² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма _ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ страницу_ с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Когда Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° систСмных рСсурсов, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ рСсурсами. Если Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ памяти, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ рСсурсы памяти ΠΎΡ‚ процСссов, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ использовались. Если Ρ€Π΅ сурсов Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ сильно, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ _Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅_ всСго контСкста процСсса Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ подсистСму хранСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. _ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ_ ΠΈ _Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ°_ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ систСмой Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ для процСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмС объСм памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π² качСствС ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ. +Для выполнСния процСсса вовсС Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ постоянно Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ содСрТимоС Π΅Π³ΠΎ адрСсного пространства. Если процСсс обращаСтся ΠΊ области адрСсного пространства, которая Π½Π΅ присутствуСт Π² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма _ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ страницу_ с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Когда Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° систСмных рСсурсов, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ рСсурсами. Если Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ памяти, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ рСсурсы памяти ΠΎΡ‚ процСссов, Ссли ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ использовались. Если Ρ€Π΅ сурсов Π½Π΅ Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ сильно, Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ _Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅_ всСго контСкста процСсса Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ подсистСму хранСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. _ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ_ ΠΈ _Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ°_ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ систСмой Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ для процСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π² качСствС ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ. ==== РСшСния BSD ΠΏΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ управлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ @@ -226,31 +226,31 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° интСрфСйса _mmap_ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π²ΠΎ врСмя Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π΄ 4.3BSD. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 40 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ участиС Π² обсуТдСниях, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊ появлСнию ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, описанной Π² Berkeley Software Architecture Manual crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-mckusick-1, [McKusick et al, 1994]]. НСсколько ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ этот ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-gingell, [Gingell et al, 1987]]. -И снова сроки Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² 4.3BSD Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этого интСрфСйса. Π₯отя ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ встроСна Π² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ подсистСму Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.3BSD, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ сюда. ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этой Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° основана Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π°, Π° диски ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ, быстры ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π²Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ подсистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° с ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ использованиР΅ памяти Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ частых ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ диску. Π’Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ рСализация Π² 4.3BSD Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Π½Π° зависимостями ΠΎΡ‚ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы управлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ машин VAX, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ прСпятствовало Π΅Π΅ пСрСносу Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. И Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ†, подсистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ связных многопроцСссорных систСм, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ сСйчас становятся всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространСнными ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ. +И снова сроки Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² 4.3BSD Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этого интСрфСйса. Π₯отя ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ встроСна Π² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ подсистСму Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.3BSD, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ сюда. ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этой Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° основана Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π°, Π° диски ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ, быстры ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π²Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ подсистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° с ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ использованиР΅ памяти Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ частых ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ диску. Π’Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ рСализация Π² 4.3BSD Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Π½Π° зависимостями ΠΎΡ‚ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы управлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ машин VAX, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ прСпятствовало Π΅Ρ‘ пСрСносу Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. И Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ†, подсистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ связных многопроцСссорных систСм, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ сСйчас становятся всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространёнными ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ. -ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ постСпСнно ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ новая Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ памяти, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ дисковыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с нСсколькими процСссорами. НаконСц, систСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π² 4.4BSD Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π°. БистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.4BSD основана Π½Π° систСмС Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти (VM) crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-tevanian, [Tevanian, 1987]] с заимствованиями ΠΈΠ· Mach 2.5 ΠΈ Mach 3.0. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° эффСктивная ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° совмСстного использования, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€ Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ машинозависимой ΠΈ машинонСзависимой частСй, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ (сСйчас Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с нСсколькими процСссорами. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π² Π»ΡŽΠ±ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ своСго адрСсного пространства. Они ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ части своих адрСсных пространств посрСдством отобраТСния Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. ИзмСнСния, сдСланныС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ процСссом, Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ Π² адрСсном пространствС Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π² сам Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эксклюзивноС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ ΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния, сдСланныС процСссом, Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ процСссам, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». +ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ постСпСнно ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ новая Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡ‹ памяти, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ дисковыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с нСсколькими процСссорами. НаконСц, систСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π² 4.4BSD Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π°. БистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.4BSD основана Π½Π° систСмС Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти (VM) crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-tevanian, [Tevanian, 1987]] с заимствованиями ΠΈΠ· Mach 2.5 ΠΈ Mach 3.0. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° эффСктивная ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° совмСстного использования, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€ Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ машинозависимой ΠΈ машинонСзависимой частСй, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ (сСйчас Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с нСсколькими процСссорами. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π² Π»ΡŽΠ±ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ своСго адрСсного пространства. Они ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ совмСстно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ части своих адрСсных пространств посрСдством отобраТСния Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. ИзмСнСния, сдСланныС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ процСссом, Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ Π² адрСсном пространствС Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π² сам Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эксклюзивноС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ ΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния, сдСланныС процСссом, Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ процСссам, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π² ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». -Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ с систСмой Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти являСтся способ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ информация пСрСдаётся ядру ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. 4.4BSD всСгда ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра. Для ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ чтСния ΠΈ записи, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ копирования ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ врСмя процСссом. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ способом являСтся манипуляции с адрСсным пространством процСсса Π² ядрС. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD всСгда ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ нСскольким ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ: +Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ с систСмой Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти являСтся способ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ информация пСрСдаётся ядру ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. 4.4BSD всСгда ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра. Для ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ чтСния ΠΈ записи, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ копирования ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ врСмя процСссом. ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ способом являСтся манипуляции с адрСсным пространством процСсса Π² ядрС. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD всСгда ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ нСскольким ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ: -* Π—Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π΅ страницы памяти ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… объСм Π½Π΅ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ страницы памяти. +* Π—Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π΅ страницы памяти ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ страницы памяти. * Если страница памяти забираСтся ΠΎΡ‚ процСсса, ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ большС ΡΡΡ‹Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° эту страницу. НСкоторыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ послС записи этих Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. * Если процСсс позволяСт Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ копию страницы памяти (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ 4.4BSD), Ρ‚ΠΎ страница Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ _копирования-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ-записи_. Вакая страница являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ защищаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ записи ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ-для-чтСния. Если процСсс пытаСтся ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ страницу памяти, Π² ядрС Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ситуация ошибки записи. ПослС этого ядро Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ копию страницы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. К Π½Π΅ΡΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ процСссов Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² свой Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π² любом случаС ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. * Когда страницы пСрСносятся Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ адрСса Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² памяти Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ кэш Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пСрСназначСния адрСсов Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½. ΠžΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΊΠ° кэша Π·Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ выполняСтся ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π’ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ получаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ адрСсов оказываСтся ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… 4 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 8 ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΉΡ‚. -Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊ большими Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… объСмов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ _mmap_ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ для выполнСния ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ… этих ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅Π· копирования. +Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊ большими Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ _mmap_ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ для выполнСния ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ… этих ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅Π· копирования. ==== Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ядра -Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ часто выполняСт Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для выполнСния СдинствСнного систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ процСссС такая ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² стСкС Π²ΠΎ врСмя выполнСния. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм стСка Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния, Ρ‚ΠΎ нСэффСктивно Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти срСднСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, такая ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ посрСдством Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. НапримСр, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ имя ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ Ρ€Π°Π·Π ΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 1 ΠšΠ±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ для хранСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ поэтому Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² стСкС, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто. Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ управлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° всСм протяТСнии сСтСвого соСдинСния. +Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ часто выполняСт Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для выполнСния СдинствСнного систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ процСссС такая ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² стСкС Π²ΠΎ врСмя выполнСния. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ стСка Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния, Ρ‚ΠΎ нСэффСктивно Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти срСднСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, такая ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ посрСдством Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. НапримСр, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ имя ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ Ρ€Π°Π·Π ΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 1 ΠšΠ±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ для хранСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ срок, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ поэтому Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² стСкС, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Ссли Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто. Π’ качСствС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ управлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° всСм протяТСнии сСтСвого соСдинСния. -ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² динамичСском Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ памяти Π² ядрС ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ острой вмСстС с Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ количСства сСрвисов. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ выдСлСния памяти ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ написания ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ядрС. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π² 4.4BSD ядро ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ выдСлСния памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² любой части систСмы. Π£ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ интСрфСйс, ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ языка C _malloc_ ΠΈ _free_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ… crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-mckusick-2, [McKusick & Karels, 1988]]. Как интСрфСйс Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ языка C, функция выдСлСния ΠΏΠ °ΠΌΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ. Π”ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… объСмов выдСляСмой памяти Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ выдСляСмая физичСская ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ подвСргаСтся постраничной ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Π€ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ освобоТдСния памяти пСрСдаётся ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° освобоТдаСмый участок памяти, Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ освобоТдаСмого участка памяти Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. +ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² динамичСском Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ памяти Π² ядрС ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ острой вмСстС с Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ количСства сСрвисов. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ выдСлСния памяти ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ написания ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ядрС. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π² 4.4BSD ядро ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ выдСлСния памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² любой части систСмы. Π£ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ интСрфСйс, ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ языка C _malloc_ ΠΈ _free_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ… crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-mckusick-2, [McKusick & Karels, 1988]]. Как интСрфСйс Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ языка C, функция выдСлСния ΠΏΠ °ΠΌΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ. Π”ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² выдСляСмой памяти Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ выдСляСмая физичСская ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ подвСргаСтся постраничной ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Π€ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ освобоТдСния памяти пСрСдаётся ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° освобоТдаСмый участок памяти, Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ освобоТдаСмого участка памяти Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. [[overview-io-system]] === БистСма Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π‘Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ модСлью систСмы Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° UNIX являСтся ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, доступ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС. Π’ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ процСссС UNIX Π½Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… понятий, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ _ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ доступа_ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ_. -Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ структуры Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π½ΠΎ ядро Π½Π΅ связываСт Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ с ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ структурами. НапримСр, тСкстовым Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ считаСтся Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠ· строк символов Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ASCII, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ символом Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ строки (символ ASCII ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° строки), Π½ΠΎ ядро Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ± этом соглашСнии. Для удовлСтворСния потрСбностСй Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ модСль Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ сводится ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°_. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… позволяСт Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для UNIX ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π½ Π° основС инструмСнтов crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-kernighan, [Kernighan & Pike, 1984]]. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½ Π² качСствС Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ практичСски любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅. (Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для UNIX ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмой Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· Eighth Edition ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· System V, Release 3 (STREAMS), ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… доступны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°.) +Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ структуры Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π½ΠΎ ядро Π½Π΅ связываСт Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ с ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ структурами. НапримСр, тСкстовым Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠΌ считаСтся Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠ· строк символов Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ASCII, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ символом Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ строки (символ ASCII ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° строки), Π½ΠΎ ядро Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ± этом соглашСнии. Для удовлСтворСния потрСбностСй Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ модСль Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ сводится ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°_. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… позволяСт Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для UNIX ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π½ Π° основС инструмСнтов crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-kernighan, [Kernighan & Pike, 1984]]. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½ Π² качСствС Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ практичСски любой Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅. (Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для UNIX ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмой Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· Eighth Edition ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· System V, Release 3 (STREAMS), ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… доступны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°.) ==== ДСскрипторы ΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ @@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] Π›ΡŽΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ дСскриптор ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ связанноС с Π½ΠΈΠΌ _смСщСниС Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅_ Π² Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ чтСния ΠΈ записи Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ этого смСщСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ обновляСтся послС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Для ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ доступ, смСщСниС Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ установлСно посрСдством систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _lseek_. ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ устройства, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ доступ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ. ΠšΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ сокСты этого Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚. -Когда процСсс Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ядро освобоТдаСт всС дСскрипторы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ использовались этим процСссом. Если процСсс Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ» послСднюю ссылку Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² увСдомляСтся для выполнСния всСх Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сокСта. +Когда процСсс Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ядро освобоТдаСт всС дСскрипторы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ использовались этим процСссом. Если процСсс Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ» послСднюю ссылку Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² увСдомляСтся для выполнСния всСх Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сокСта. ==== Π£ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ дСскрипторами @@ -284,11 +284,11 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] АппаратныС устройства ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ связанныС с Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… ΠΆΠ΅ самых систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» устройства_ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ просто _ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»_, ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ устройству ΠΎΠ½ относится, Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ процСссов Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ распознавания. Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ стримСры всС доступны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ дисковыС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ 4.4BSD. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, особСнности Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ устройств максимально ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ядром, ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π² ядрС Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ…. -АппаратныС устройства ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° _структурированныС_ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _нСструктурированныС_; ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ извСстны ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ названиями _Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅_ ΠΈ _ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅_, соотвСтствСнно. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, процСссы ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊ устройствам посрСдством _ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²_ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, выполняСмыС с Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ постоянно находящимися Π² ядрС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ модулями, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ _Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ устройств_. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств для сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ доступны Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ подсистСмы мСТпроцСссного Π ²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚вия, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ интСрфСйс _Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… сокСтов_ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ СстСствСнный интСрфСйс, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». +АппаратныС устройства ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° _структурированныС_ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _нСструктурированныС_; ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ извСстны ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ названиями _Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅_ ΠΈ _ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅_, соотвСтствСнно. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, процСссы ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊ устройствам посрСдством _ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²_ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, выполняСмыС с Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ постоянно находящимися Π² ядрС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ модулями, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ _Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ устройств_. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств для сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ доступны Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ подсистСмы мСТпроцСссного Π ²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚вия, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ интСрфСйс _Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… сокСтов_ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ СстСствСнный интСрфСйс, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ». Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ устройства Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° диски ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ устройств с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ доступом. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅-ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅-запись с Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ структурированными устройствами для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ послСдним ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ запись ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… устройствах. -НСструктурированными устройствами ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ структуру. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ нСструктурированными устройствами ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ связи, растровыС графопостроитСли ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ диски. НСструктурированныС устройства, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ пСрСнос Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… объСмов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. +НСструктурированными устройствами ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ структуру. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ нСструктурированными устройствами ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ связи, растровыС графопостроитСли ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ диски. НСструктурированныС устройства, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ пСрСнос Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. НСструктурированныС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ устройствами_, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… являлись Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ ядра ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ для этих устройств Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» удобство Π΅Π³ΠΎ использования для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… нСструктурированных устройств. @@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ image:fig1.png[Π–ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» процСсса] System V прСдоставляСт ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ локального мСТпроцСссного взаимодСйствия Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· FIFO (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ _ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ_). FIFO ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ нСсвязанными процСссами, ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‹Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² случаС ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, FIFO Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса для установки соСдинСния; ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ соСдинСны послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π²Π° процСсса. Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ сокСтов, FIFO ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° локальной машинС; ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ ƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для связи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ…. FIFO Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² 4.4BSD, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ стандарт POSIX.1. Π˜Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ являСтся подмноТСством Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ интСрфСйса сокСтов. -ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ сокСтов Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для UNIX систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° для обСспСчСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ смыслов соСдинСниям. ВмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ интСрфСйс, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ использовали ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ интСрфСйсы, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ возмоТностями. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _read_ ΠΈ _write_ использовались для соСдинСний Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‹Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ адрСсованныС сообщСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСтСвыС Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ для записи сообщСний Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя _send_, _sendto_ ΠΈ _sendmsg_. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ для чтСния сообщСний Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _recv_, _recvfrom_ ΠΈ _recvmsg_. Π’ рСтроспСктивС, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ классС ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ особыми случаями Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ…; _recvfrom_ ΠΈ _sendto_, Π½Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы ΠΊ _recvmsg_ ΠΈ _sendmsg_, соотвСтствСнно. +ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ сокСтов Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для UNIX систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° для обСспСчСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ΠΈ смыслов соСдинСниям. ВмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ интСрфСйс, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ использовали ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ интСрфСйсы, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ возмоТностями. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _read_ ΠΈ _write_ использовались для соСдинСний Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚, ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‹Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ адрСсованныС сообщСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сСтСвыС Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ для записи сообщСний Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя _send_, _sendto_ ΠΈ _sendmsg_. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ для чтСния сообщСний Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _recv_, _recvfrom_ ΠΈ _recvmsg_. Π’ рСтроспСктивС, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ классС ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ особыми случаями Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ…; _recvfrom_ ΠΈ _sendto_, Π½Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы ΠΊ _recvmsg_ ΠΈ _sendmsg_, соотвСтствСнно. ==== ΠœΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ @@ -334,9 +334,9 @@ image:fig2.png[Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ нСбольшой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы] Одна нСбольшая файловая систСма ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° crossref:design-44bsd[fig-small-fs, A small filesystem]. ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ влоТСнности ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π΅. Для соблюдСния цСлостности Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ядро Π½Π΅ позволяСт процСссу ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ запись нСпосрСдствСнно Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ. Ѐайловая систСма ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ссылки Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ устройства ΠΈ сокСты. -Ѐайловая систСма ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ, Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ находится Π² _ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅_, ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ _слэш_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ соотвСтствуСт символу ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ (/). ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ содСрТит Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹; Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π° РисункС 2.2, ΠΎΠ½ содСрТит [.filename]#vmunix#, копию Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ располоТСны ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ; Π² этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ содСрТит ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#usr#. Π’Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#usr# располагаСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#bin#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² основном содСрТит Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#ls# ΠΈ [.filename]#vi#. +Ѐайловая систСма ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ, Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ находится Π² _ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅_, ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ _слэш_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ соотвСтствуСт символу ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ (/). ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ содСрТит Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹; Π² нашСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π° РисункС 2.2, ΠΎΠ½ содСрТит [.filename]#vmunix#, копию Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ располоТСны ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ; Π² этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ содСрТит ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#usr#. Π’Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#usr# располагаСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#bin#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² основном содСрТит Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#ls# ΠΈ [.filename]#vi#. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ обращаСтся ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ, указывая _ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ_ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся строкой, состоящСй ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символами слэша (/). Π‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссом ядро связываСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². _ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³_ процСсса являСтся самой Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ процСсс; ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ соотвСтствуСт ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ всСй Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚, Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ с символа слэша, называСтся _Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ_, ΠΈ интСрпрСтируСтся Ρ Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ, начиная с ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° процСсса. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ обращаСтся ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ, указывая _ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ_ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся строкой, состоящСй ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символами слэша (/). Π‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссом ядро связываСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². _ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³_ процСсса являСтся самой Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ процСсс; ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ соотвСтствуСт ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ всСй Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚, Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ с символа слэша, называСтся _Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ_, ΠΈ интСрпрСтируСтся Ρ Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ, начиная с ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° процСсса. Имя ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ начинаСтся со слэша, называСтся _ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ_, ΠΈ интСрпрСтируСтся ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ _Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°_ процСсса. (Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ_ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ_.) Π’Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ сам ΠΏΠΎ сСбС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ _dot_, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ соотвСтствуСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ (`.`). Имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° _dot-dot_ (`..`) ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°. ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ являСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌ самому сСбС. @@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ image:fig2.png[Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ нСбольшой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы] Взяв Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ систСму, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π° РисункС 2.2, ΠΈ полагая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π² качСствС ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΈ Π² качСствС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#/usr#, ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ [.filename]#vi# Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ корня ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/bin/vi#, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° с ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#bin/vi#. -БистСмныС ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… всСм извСстных ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ…. Π§Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ являСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³, содСрТащий _домашний ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³_ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ - Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, [.filename]#/usr/staff/mckusick# ΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/staff/karels# Π½Π° РисункС 2.2. Когда ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² систСмС, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссора устанавливаСтся Π² домашний ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³. Π’ своих Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π »ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ слоТности. +БистСмныС ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… всСм извСстных ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ…. Π§Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ являСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³, содСрТащий _домашний ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³_ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ - Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, [.filename]#/usr/staff/mckusick# ΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/staff/karels# Π½Π° РисункС 2.2. Когда ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² систСмС, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссора устанавливаСтся Π² домашний ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³. Π’ своих Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π »ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ слоТности. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Π½ΠΎ систСма ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ файловая систСма Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ состоит ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… физичСских Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, каТдая ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… располоТСна Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ устройствС. ЀизичСская файловая систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… физичСских устройствах. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ физичСских дисковых устройств Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° нСсколько логичСских устройств, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ физичСском устройствС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ логичСского устройства. Одна ΠΈΠ· Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм - Ρ‚Π°, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ всС Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° - называСтся _ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмой_, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° всСгда доступна. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ; это Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Бсылки Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ находится смонтированная Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ файловая систСмС, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ядром Π² ссылки Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ смонтированной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. @@ -355,15 +355,15 @@ image:fig2.png[Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ нСбольшой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы] [arabic] . ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлана Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ. Если систСма Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΠ»Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π°Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ состоянии, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ сСрии ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. . ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ сСтСвой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы созданиС ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. -. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅-UNIX Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ файловая систСма MS-DOS, Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ диска, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эта файловая систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ссылочных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. Π₯отя Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ со ссылками, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС UNIX. БоотвСтствСнно ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ явных запросов Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ созданиС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². +. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅-UNIX Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ файловая систСма MS-DOS, Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ диска, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эта файловая систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ссылочных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. Π₯отя Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ со ссылками, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС UNIX. БоотвСтствСнно ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ явных запросов Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ созданиС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². -БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _chown_ устанавливаСт Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ†Π° ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, Π° _chmod_ измСняСт Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹. Π’Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _stat_, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для чтСния этих свойств Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _fchown_, _fchmod_ ΠΈ _fstat_ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с дСскрипторами, Π° Π½Π΅ с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², для выполнСния Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ самого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _rename_ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для присвоСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС с Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ старого ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Как ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _rename_ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² 4.2BSD для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π °Π½ΠΈΡ атомарности измСнСнию ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π² локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ПозТС ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π» свою ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для экспортирования ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² сторонних Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ сСти. +БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _chown_ устанавливаСт Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ†Π° ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, Π° _chmod_ измСняСт Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹. Π’Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _stat_, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для чтСния этих свойств Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _fchown_, _fchmod_ ΠΈ _fstat_ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с дСскрипторами, Π° Π½Π΅ с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², для выполнСния Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ самого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _rename_ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для присвоСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС с Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ старого ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Как ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _rename_ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² 4.2BSD для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π °Π½ΠΈΡ атомарности измСнСнию ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π² локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ПозТС ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π» свою ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для экспортирования ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² сторонних Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ сСти. БистСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _truncate_ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² 4.2BSD для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. Π’Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния языка Fortran, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ понятиС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ доступом, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Π»ΡŽΠ±ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» послСдний Ρ€Π°Π· доступ ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ. Π‘Π΅Π· систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° _truncate_ СдинствСнным способом ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ части Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ старого ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ имя. Π‘ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° тСорСтичСски ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ оказывался ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ПослС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ файловая систСма ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹, ядро примСняло эту Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… пустых ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π² ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ пустых ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² сокращСнии Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ядра Π½Π° поиск Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½. -Π’Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡŒ создаваСмым Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ присваиваСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ процСсса, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ… создал, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ созданы. Для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² примСняСтся Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ управлСния доступом. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ уровня ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° для +Π’Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡŒ создаваСмым Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ присваиваСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ процСсса, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ… создал, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ созданы. Для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² примСняСтся Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ управлСния доступом. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ уровня ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° для [arabic] . ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ†Π΅ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° @@ -374,14 +374,14 @@ image:fig2.png[Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ нСбольшой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы] Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ с Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ записи. Пока Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚, систСма отслСТиваСт ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ», ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ полоТСнию Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅, связанном с дСскриптором. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ дСскриптор Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° посрСдством систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² _fork_ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _dup_, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. ДСскрипторы, созданныС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмными Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ _open_, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ _Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‹_. Π”Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой пустыС пространства Π² Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‹, пСрСмСщая ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ† Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈ производя запись. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Ρ‹Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ систСмой ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. -Π Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вСрсии UNIX ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² 14 символов Π½Π° имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. НапримСр, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ СстСствСнного ТСлания ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, распространСнным способом Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² являСтся использованиС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° [.filename]#basename.extension#, Π³Π΄Π΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, скаТСм, `.c` для исходного Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° языкС C ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `.o` для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°) ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… символов, оставляя ΠΎΡ‚ 10 Π΄ΠΎ 12 символов Π½Π° имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. БистСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π²Π° символа для своих Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, для прСфикса ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ суффикса ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом остаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ восьми Π΄ΠΎ 10 символов. Π’ качСствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ 10 Π΄ΠΎ 12 символов ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ английского слова (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `multiplexer`). +Π Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вСрсии UNIX ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² 14 символов Π½Π° имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. НапримСр, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ СстСствСнного ТСлания ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, распространённым способом Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² являСтся использованиС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° [.filename]#basename.extension#, Π³Π΄Π΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, скаТСм, `.c` для исходного Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° языкС C ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `.o` для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°) ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… символов, оставляя ΠΎΡ‚ 10 Π΄ΠΎ 12 символов Π½Π° имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. БистСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π²Π° символа для своих Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, для прСфикса ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ суффикса ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом остаётся ΠΎΡ‚ восьми Π΄ΠΎ 10 символов. Π’ качСствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ 10 Π΄ΠΎ 12 символов ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ английского слова (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `multiplexer`). -МоТно ΡΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с этими ограничСниями, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ опасно, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы UNIX ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ со строками, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ этот Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ имя Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ _ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ_. Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#multiplexer.c#, содСрТащий исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° языкС C, (ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ 13 символов) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠ· систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ с прСфиксом `s.`, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом получаСтся имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#s.multiplexer#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#multiplexer.ms#, содСрТащР΅Π³ΠΎ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ `troff` для Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π° языкС C. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ появившаяся Π² 4.2BSD, практичСски ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ. +МоТно ΡΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ с этими ограничСниями, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ опасно, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы UNIX ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ со строками, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ этот Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ имя Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ _ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ_. Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ [.filename]#multiplexer.c#, содСрТащий исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° языкС C, (ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ 13 символов) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠ· систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ с прСфиксом `s.`, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом получаСтся имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#s.multiplexer#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ для Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° [.filename]#multiplexer.ms#, содСрТащР΅Π³ΠΎ исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ `troff` для Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π° языкС C. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ появившаяся Π² 4.2BSD, практичСски ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ. [[overview-filestore]] === Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² -ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, дСлятся Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ для всСх Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ иСрархичСский ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ имСнования, Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ хранятся Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Π’ 4.4BSD имССтся Сдиная рСализация для прСдоставлСния этих сСрвисов. +ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, дСлятся Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ для всСх Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ иСрархичСский ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ имСнования, Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π΅ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ хранятся Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Π’ 4.4BSD имССтся Сдиная рСализация для прСдоставлСния этих сСрвисов. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы являСтся организация ΠΈ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° носитСлях ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ содСрТимого Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° носитСлях являСтся вопросом Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π’ 4.4BSD ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²: @@ -402,16 +402,16 @@ image:fig2.png[Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ нСбольшой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы] Π˜Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ сСтСвыС возмоТности использовались для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ. ПозТС это ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ своС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π² обСспСчСнии ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ машинам. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ логичСским шагом Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ прСдоставлСниС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ - Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ сСтСвыС Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ локально, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‰ΡƒΡ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ сСтСвых Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ клавиши, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. -ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΊ локальной машинС Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… основных ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚-сСрвСрных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. _Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€_ являСтся ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ машиной, которая экспортируСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ своих Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. _ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ_ являСтся локальная машина, которая ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ эти Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы. Π‘ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния локального ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, смонтированныС ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любая другая локально смонтированная файловая систСма. Π›ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π ΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, запись ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ эти ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. +ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΊ локальной машинС Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… основных ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚-сСрвСрных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. _Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€_ являСтся ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ машиной, которая экспортируСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ своих Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. _ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ_ являСтся локальная машина, которая ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ эти Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы. Π‘ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния локального ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, смонтированныС ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любая другая локально смонтированная файловая систСма. Π›ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π ΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, запись ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ эти ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. Когда Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ выполняСт ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, оформляСтся ΠΈ посылаСтся запрос ΠΊ сСрвСру. Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ выполняСт Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡƒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ запрос Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½. Для получСния ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ доступ осущСствляСтся часто. Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм отраТаСтся Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ соотвСтствия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ сСрвСром ΠΈ мноТСством Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². -Π₯отя Π·Π° эти Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎ мноТСство ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами, самой распространСнной Π½Π° систСмах UNIX являСтся сСтСвая файловая систСма Network Filesystem (NFS), которая Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° спроСктирована ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Sun Microsystems. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» NFS, хотя Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСализация Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ спСцификаций ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-macklem, [Macklem, 1994]]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» NFS описан Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 9. +Π₯отя Π·Π° эти Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎ мноТСство ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами, самой распространённой Π½Π° систСмах UNIX являСтся сСтСвая файловая систСма Network Filesystem (NFS), которая Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° спроСктирована ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Sun Microsystems. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» NFS, хотя Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСализация Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ спСцификаций ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-macklem, [Macklem, 1994]]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» NFS описан Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 9. [[overview-terminal]] === Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ‹ -Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ стандартныС систСмныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, спСцифичных для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², для управлСния Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. На самом Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ находятся Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ обрабатываСтся согласно Π½ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌ характСристикам связи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΈ согласно Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ чётности. +Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ стандартныС систСмныС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, спСцифичных для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², для управлСния Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. На самом Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ находятся Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ обрабатываСтся согласно Π½ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌ характСристикам связи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΈ согласно Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ чётности. Π’Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ уровня Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств находятся Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ символов. По ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° выбираСтся, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² систСму. Π Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° устанавливаСтся Π² _каноничСский_; Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ обрабатываСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ стандартныС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ строк, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ прСдставляСтся процСссу Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… строк. @@ -441,25 +441,25 @@ image:fig2.png[Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ нСбольшой Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы] ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ сокСтов, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°. Вопросы прСдставлСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ находятся Π½Π° Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ подсистСмы. Π’Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ _ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ доступа_. НапримСр, Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ эту Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ дСскрипторов ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. -Π”ΠΎ 4.2BSD сСтСвыС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² UNIX ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· интСрфСйсы ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств. Одной ΠΈΠ· Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ создания интСрфСйса сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ обСспСчСниС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π½ΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· измСнСния Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… соСдинСниях. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _read_ ΠΈ _write_. БоотвСтствСнно, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ исправлСны для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сокСтами. Для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ слоТных сокСтов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для посылки Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ _send_ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π °Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСс назначСния, Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс. +Π”ΠΎ 4.2BSD сСтСвыС Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² UNIX ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· интСрфСйсы ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств. Одной ΠΈΠ· Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ создания интСрфСйса сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ обСспСчСниС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π½ΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· измСнСния Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… соСдинСниях. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _read_ ΠΈ _write_. БоотвСтствСнно, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ исправлСны для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сокСтами. Для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ слоТных сокСтов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для посылки Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ _send_ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π° Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСс назначСния, Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс. -Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ достоинством являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ пСрСносим. ВскорС послС тСстового Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ, интСрфСйс сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» пСрСнСсСн Π² System III поставщиком UNIX (хотя AT&T Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° интСрфСйс сокСтов Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° System V Release 4, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ вмСсто Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Eighth Edition). Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ пСрСнСсСн для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Ethernet поставщиками, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Excelan ΠΈ Interlan, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ продавался Π½Π° Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅ PC, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ слишком слабыми, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сСтСвой ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° основном процСссорС . Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ интСрфСйс сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» использован Π² качСствС основы для сСтСвого интСрфСйса Winsock ΠΎΡ‚ Microsoft для Windows. +Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ достоинством являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ пСрСносим. ВскорС послС тСстового Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ, интСрфСйс сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» пСрСнСсён Π² System III поставщиком UNIX (хотя AT&T Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° интСрфСйс сокСтов Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° System V Release 4, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ вмСсто Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Eighth Edition). Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ пСрСнСсён для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Ethernet поставщиками, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Excelan ΠΈ Interlan, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ продавался Π½Π° Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅ PC, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ слишком слабыми, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сСтСвой ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° основном процСссорС . Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ интСрфСйс сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» использован Π² качСствС основы для сСтСвого интСрфСйса Winsock ΠΎΡ‚ Microsoft для Windows. [[overview-network-communication]] === Π‘Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ -НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… IPC-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ _сокСтов_ Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ доступ ΠΊ сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ слой, логичСски находящийся Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния сокСтов Π² ядрС. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ прСдоставляСт ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сСрвисов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ сообщСний, стандартныС интСрфСйсы ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ интСрфСйсы ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ сСтСвых интСрфСйсов для использования Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ…. +НСкоторыС ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… IPC-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ _сокСтов_ Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ доступ ΠΊ сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ слой, логичСски находящийся Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния сокСтов Π² ядрС. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ прСдоставляСт ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сСрвисов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ сообщСний, стандартныС интСрфСйсы ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ интСрфСйсы ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ сСтСвых интСрфСйсов для использования Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ…. -Π’ Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ 4.2BSD, использовалось ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ со своими ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ слабыми сторонами. НС сущСствуСт СдинствСнного подходящСго Π½Π° всС случаи ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², 4.2BSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ взаимодСйствиС ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ рСсурсами ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ машинами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ доступны Π² Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Ethernet со скоростями Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ 10 ΠΈ 100 Mbit Π² сС ΠΊΡƒΠ½Π΄Ρƒ, вряд Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для Π·Π°Π²Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… оптичСских сСтСй пропускной ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ 1 ΠΈ 10 Gbit Π² сСкунду. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². НовыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊ ядру, Π½Π΅ затрагивая ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ старых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Ρ‹Π΅ прилоТСния ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с использованиСм старых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ самой физичСской сСти, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использовалась для Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ. +Π’ Ρ‚Π΅ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ 4.2BSD, использовалось ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ со своими ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ слабыми сторонами. НС сущСствуСт СдинствСнного подходящСго Π½Π° всС случаи ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², 4.2BSD ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ взаимодСйствиС ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ рСсурсами ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ машинами, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ доступны Π² Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Ethernet со скоростями Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ 10 ΠΈ 100 Mbit Π² сС ΠΊΡƒΠ½Π΄Ρƒ, вряд Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для Π·Π°Π²Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… оптичСских сСтСй пропускной ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ 1 ΠΈ 10 Gbit Π² сСкунду. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². НовыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊ ядру, Π½Π΅ затрагивая ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ старых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Ρ‹Π΅ прилоТСния ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с использованиСм старых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ самой физичСской сСти, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использовалась для Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ. [[overview-network-implementation]] === БСтСвая рСализация -ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² 4.2BSD, Π±Ρ‹Π» Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) ΠΎΡ‚ DARPA. CSRG Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π»Π° TCP/IP Π² качСствС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² IPC, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ рСализация Π½Π° основС 4.1 Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° всСм доступна ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, спонсируСмого DARPA, Π² Bolt, Beranek ΠΈ Newman (BBN). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€, повлиявший Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅: РСализация Π² 4.2BSD стала основной ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ распространСнности ΠΈ использования этого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ возмоТностСй TCP/IP Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ приняты. РСализация TCP/IP ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ описана Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13. +ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π² 4.2BSD, Π±Ρ‹Π» Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) ΠΎΡ‚ DARPA. CSRG Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π»Π° TCP/IP Π² качСствС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² IPC, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ рСализация Π½Π° основС 4.1 Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° всСм доступна ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, спонсируСмого DARPA, Π² Bolt, Beranek ΠΈ Newman (BBN). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€, повлиявший Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅: РСализация Π² 4.2BSD стала основной ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ распространённости ΠΈ использования этого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ возмоТностСй TCP/IP Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ приняты. РСализация TCP/IP ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ описана Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ 4.3BSD появился Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Xerox Network Systems (XNS), частично основанный Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² УнивСрситСтС ΠœΡΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΄Π° ΠΈ УнивСрситСтС ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π»Π»Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ для объСдинСния ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… машин, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ TCP/IP. -Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· 4.4BSD Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² ISO ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ всС большСй распространСнности ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ БША. По ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ использования Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ… ISO нСсколько Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ сСти, Π² интСрфСйсС сокСтов ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ нСбольшиС измСнСния для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этого ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ИзмСнСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ сдСланы Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ для ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ ISO Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ большой Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π² 4.3BSD. К Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ возмоТностям ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² 4.4BSD относятся Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с адрСсами ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ сСтСвыми масками. +Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· 4.4BSD Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² ISO ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ всС большСй распространённости ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ БША. По ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ использования Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ… ISO нСсколько Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ сСти, Π² интСрфСйсС сокСтов ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ нСбольшиС измСнСния для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этого ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ИзмСнСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ сдСланы Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ для ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ ISO Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ большой Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π² 4.3BSD. К Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ возмоТностям ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² 4.4BSD относятся Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с адрСсами ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ сСтСвыми масками. [[overview-operation]] === Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° систСмы diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.po index d88b35bc4a..07a0488c84 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/design-44bsd/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:29-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-13 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-04 20:01+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ соСдинСниС " "установлСно, процСсс ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π½ΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΎ это ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€. Π˜ΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ " "ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ, описываСмый Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 12, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ " -"ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слой Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° IPC. Π’ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13 даСтся Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ " +"ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слой Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° IPC. Π’ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13 даётся Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ " "Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡŽ." #. type: Plain text @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ msgid "" "Any real operating system has operational issues, such as how to start it " "running. Startup and operational issues are described in Chapter 14." msgstr "" -"Π’ любой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ вопросы управлСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ " +"Π’ любой ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ вопросы управлСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΅Ρ‘ " "запуск. Запуск ΠΈ вопросы управлСния ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 14." #. type: Plain text @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ _систСмными Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ_, доступны процСссам " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " "СдинствСнным способом доступа ΠΊ этим подсистСмам. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ " -"систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² даСтся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 3, вмСстС с описаниСм Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² " +"систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² даётся Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 3, вмСстС с описаниСм Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² " "ядра, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ являСтся прямым Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ процСсса, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ " "систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²." @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ msgstr "" "куском ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ прСдоставляСт Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ " "Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ подсистСм, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… слуТб " "ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. Π’ соврСмСнных ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах β€”" -" Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Chorus crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-rozier, [Rozier et al, 1988]]" +" Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Chorus crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-rozier, [Rozier et al, 1988]]" ", Mach crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-accetta, [Accetta et al, 1986]], Tunis " "crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-ewens, [Ewens et al, 1985]], ΠΈ V Kernel crossref" ":design-44bsd[biblio-cheriton, [Cheriton, 1988]] - Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ " @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ msgid "" "4.4BSD." msgstr "" "Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… 2.3 ΠΈ 2.4 ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ сСрвисы, прСдоставляСмыС ядром 4.4BSD, ΠΈ " -"даСтся ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ подробности " +"даётся ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ подробности " "Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этих сСрвисов Π² 4.4BSD." #. type: Title === @@ -948,10 +948,10 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ _Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅_ систСмы для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ " "ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° настройку Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ окруТСния ядра (ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ " "ΠΊ Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 14). НСкоторыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы (особСнно Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ " -"объСмом физичСской памяти) Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ дСйствия ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ_ " +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠΌ физичСской памяти) Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ дСйствия ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ _ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ_ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ эти Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, послС окончания Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. " "Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ с ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, использованной Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, " -"ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этот объСм памяти составляСт ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0.5 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² рСсурсов ядра, " +"ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этот ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти составляСт ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0.5 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² рСсурсов ядра, " "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ машинС. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ находится Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² " "ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ мСстС ядра - ΠΎΠ½ рассрСдоточСн Π²Π΅Π·Π΄Π΅, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ появляСтся Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π³Π΄Π΅ " "логичСски связан с ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." @@ -988,15 +988,15 @@ msgstr "" "остановка модуля Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСссора (CPU) - доступны Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ядру. " "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ запросы ядру Π½Π° доступ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСрвисам ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ " "_систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ²_. БистСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для указания ядру Π½Π° " -"Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слоТных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ запись Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " -"Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ простых, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ВсС " -"систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ _синхронно_ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ядро Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ дСйствия, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ " -"систСмному Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρƒ. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанныС с " -"систСмным Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ окончания. НапримСр, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _write_ " -"Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ записываСмыС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ " -"ядра, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс находится Π² ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ " -"Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ записан Π½Π° диск." +"Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слоТных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ запись Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ " +"Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ простых, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ВсС систСмныС " +"Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ _синхронно_ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ядро Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ дСйствия, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ систСмному Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρƒ. " +"Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, связанныС с систСмным Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, " +"послС Π΅Π³ΠΎ окончания. НапримСр, систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _write_ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"записываСмыС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° процСсс " +"находится Π² ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, " +"ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ записан Π½Π° диск." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:206 @@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ msgstr "" "систСмой структуры Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² адрСсном пространствС прилоТСния. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡƒ " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ прСдоставляСтся нСзависимоС адрСсноС " "пространство, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ выполняСтся. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ выполняСт Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ " -"ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ приостановка процСсса Π½Π° врСмя выполнСния " +"ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ приостановка процСсса Π½Π° врСмя выполнСния " "Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ для ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… процСссов." #. type: Title === @@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса, ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ процСссС, " "Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ 0. Бвязь Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ-ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ структуру процСссов Π² систСмС. Новый процСсс ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ доступ ΠΊΠΎ " -"всСм рСсурсам Π΅Π³ΠΎ родитСля, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ дСскрипторы, состояниС " +"всСм рСсурсам Π΅Π³ΠΎ родитСля, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ дСскрипторы, состояниС " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ сигналов ΠΈ распрСдСлСниС памяти." #. type: Plain text @@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@ msgid "" "The details of how the kernel creates and destroys processes are given in " "Chapter 5." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро создаСт ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ процСссы, даСтся Π² " +"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро создаСт ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ процСссы, даётся Π² " "Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 5." #. type: Plain text @@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ msgstr "" "языка ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ эти стСки, раздСляя СдинствСнный стСк, прСдоставляСмый " "Π² 4.4BSD. Если ядро Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стСк сигналов, Ρ‚ΠΎ " "пространство, выдСляСмоС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° " -"объСм, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° сигнала." +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° сигнала." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:284 @@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@ msgid "" "The detailed design and implementation of signals is described in Section " "4.7." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° сигналов даСтся Π² " +"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° сигналов даётся Π² " "Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ 4.7." #. type: Title ==== @@ -1352,7 +1352,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ процСссу " "ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ свою Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ управлСния своих наслСдников. " "Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ управлСния просто; Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ " -"Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ являСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Π΅ процСсса." +"Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния, ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ являСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ процСсса." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:298 @@ -1366,7 +1366,7 @@ msgid "" "the pipeline, then putting all those processes into a separate process group." msgstr "" "Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ процСссов Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ управлСния ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ _Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ_ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ " -"управляСтся высокоуровнСвым систСмным ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ обСспСчСниСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"управляСтся высокоуровнСвым систСмным ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ обСспСчСниСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСссор. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ задания, созданного ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ " "процСссором, являСтся _ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ΅Ρ€_ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… связанных процСссов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса являСтся Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ для Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, " @@ -1497,7 +1497,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ _Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅_ всСго контСкста процСсса Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ " "подсистСму хранСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. _ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ_ ΠΈ " "_Π²Ρ‹Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ°_ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ систСмой Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ для процСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ " -"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмС объСм памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π² " +"ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ систСмС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Π² " "качСствС ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ." #. type: Title ==== @@ -1568,17 +1568,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "И снова сроки Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² 4.3BSD Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ этого " "интСрфСйса. Π₯отя ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ встроСна Π² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ подсистСму " -"Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.3BSD, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ сюда. ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ " +"Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.3BSD, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ сюда. ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ " "Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ этой Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ " "Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° основана Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π°, Π° диски ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ нСпосрСдствСнно ΠΊ " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ, быстры ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π²Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ подсистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° " "Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° с ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ использованиС памяти Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ частых " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ диску. Π’Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ рСализация Π² 4.3BSD Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Π½Π° зависимостями " -"ΠΎΡ‚ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы управлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ машин VAX, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ прСпятствовало Π΅Π΅ " +"ΠΎΡ‚ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы управлСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ машин VAX, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ прСпятствовало Π΅Ρ‘ " "пСрСносу Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. И Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ†, подсистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ " "памяти Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ связных многопроцСссорных систСм, " -"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ сСйчас становятся всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространСнными ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ." +"ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ сСйчас становятся всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространёнными ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:364 @@ -1602,7 +1602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ постСпСнно ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ новая Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ‹ " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ памяти, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ дисковыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ " +"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡ‹ памяти, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ дисковыС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ " "ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ с нСсколькими процСссорами. НаконСц, систСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ " "памяти Π² 4.4BSD Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π°. БистСма Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти 4.4BSD " "основана Π½Π° систСмС Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти (VM) crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-" @@ -1632,7 +1632,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ с систСмой Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ памяти являСтся способ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ " "информация пСрСдаётся ядру ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. 4.4BSD всСгда " "ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· адрСсного пространства процСсса Π² Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ ядра. Для " -"ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ чтСния ΠΈ записи, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, " +"ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ чтСния ΠΈ записи, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большиС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, " "Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ копирования ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ врСмя процСссом. " "ΠΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ способом являСтся манипуляции с адрСсным пространством " "процСсса Π² ядрС. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD всСгда ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ нСскольким ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ:" @@ -1644,7 +1644,7 @@ msgid "" "hardware page length." msgstr "" "Π—Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π΅ страницы памяти ΠΈ " -"ΠΈΡ… объСм Π½Π΅ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ страницы памяти." +"ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π½ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ страницы памяти." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:373 @@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@ msgid "" "copying." msgstr "" "Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊ большими Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ " -"ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… объСмов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ _mmap_ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " +"ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ процСссами. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ _mmap_ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ " "ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ для выполнСния ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ… этих ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅Π· копирования." #. type: Title ==== @@ -1726,8 +1726,8 @@ msgstr "" "Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ часто выполняСт Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для выполнСния " "СдинствСнного систСмного Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ процСссС такая " "ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² стСкС Π²ΠΎ врСмя " -"выполнСния. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм стСка Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния, " -"Ρ‚ΠΎ нСэффСктивно Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти срСднСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ " +"выполнСния. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ядро ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ стСка Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ выполнСния, " +"Ρ‚ΠΎ нСэффСктивно Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти срСднСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ " "ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, такая ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ посрСдством Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. " "НапримСр, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ имя ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ " "Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 1 ΠšΠ±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ для хранСния ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ памяти " @@ -1761,7 +1761,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ… crossref:design-44bsd[biblio-mckusick-2, [McKusick & Karels, " "1988]]. Как интСрфСйс Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ языка C, функция выдСлСния памяти ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ памяти, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ. Π”ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ " -"Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… объСмов выдСляСмой памяти Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ выдСляСмая " +"Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² выдСляСмой памяти Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½; ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ выдСляСмая " "физичСская ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ подвСргаСтся постраничной ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Π€ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ " "освобоТдСния памяти пСрСдаётся ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° освобоТдаСмый участок памяти, Π½ΠΎ " "ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ освобоТдаСмого участка памяти Π½Π΅ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ." @@ -1805,7 +1805,7 @@ msgstr "" "считаСтся Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈΠ· строк символов Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ASCII, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ " "символом Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ строки (символ ASCII ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° строки), Π½ΠΎ ядро Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ± этом соглашСнии. Для удовлСтворСния потрСбностСй Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ модСль Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ сводится ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ модСль Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ сводится ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " "_ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°_. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… позволяСт Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для UNIX ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π½Π° основС инструмСнтов crossref:design-44bsd" "[biblio-kernighan, [Kernighan & Pike, 1984]]. ΠŸΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ " @@ -1977,7 +1977,7 @@ msgstr "" "Когда процСсс Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, ядро освобоТдаСт всС дСскрипторы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ " "использовались этим процСссом. Если процСсс Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ» послСднюю ссылку Π½Π° " "ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² увСдомляСтся для выполнСния всСх Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… " -"дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сокСта." +"дСйствий, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сокСта." #. type: Title ==== #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:446 @@ -2130,8 +2130,8 @@ msgstr "" "находящимися Π² ядрС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ модулями, Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΌΠΈ _Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ " "устройств_. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств для сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ " "доступны Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ подсистСмы мСТпроцСссного взаимодСйствия, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ " -"ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " -"интСрфСйс _Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… сокСтов_ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ СстСствСнный интСрфСйс, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ " +"ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"интСрфСйс _Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… сокСтов_ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ СстСствСнный интСрфСйс, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ " "ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»." #. type: Plain text @@ -2162,7 +2162,7 @@ msgstr "" "структуру. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ нСструктурированными устройствами ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ связи, " "растровыС графопостроитСли ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ диски. " "НСструктурированныС устройства, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ пСрСнос Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… " -"объСмов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…." +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:493 @@ -2274,7 +2274,7 @@ msgid "" "respectively." msgstr "" "ΠœΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ сокСтов Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для UNIX систСмных Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² " -"Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° для обСспСчСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ смыслов соСдинСниям. " +"Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°/Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° для обСспСчСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ ΠΈ смыслов соСдинСниям. " "ВмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ интСрфСйс, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΈ " "использовали ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ интСрфСйсы, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ " "Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " @@ -2511,10 +2511,10 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅_, ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ _слэш_, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ соотвСтствуСт символу " "ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ (/). ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ содСрТит Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹; Π² нашСм " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π° РисункС 2.2, ΠΎΠ½ содСрТит [.filename]#vmunix#, копию Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " -"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ располоТСны ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ; Π² этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ " +"ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° ядра. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ располоТСны ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ; Π² этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ " "содСрТит ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#usr#. Π’Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° [.filename]#usr# " "располагаСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ [.filename]#bin#, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² основном содСрТит " -"Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#ls# ΠΈ [." +"Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ [.filename]#ls# ΠΈ [." "filename]#vi#." #. type: Plain text @@ -2530,7 +2530,7 @@ msgid "" "starting with the process's root directory." msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ обращаСтся ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ, указывая _ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ_ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ являСтся " -"строкой, состоящСй ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… " +"строкой, состоящСй ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… " "символами слэша (/). Π‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссом ядро связываСт Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " "ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². _ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³_ " "процСсса являСтся самой Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ " @@ -2599,7 +2599,7 @@ msgid "" "files. Thus, a user can build arbitrarily complex subhierarchies." msgstr "" "БистСмныС ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… всСм извСстных " -"ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ…. Π§Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ являСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³, содСрТащий " +"ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ…. Π§Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ являСтся ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³, содСрТащий " "_домашний ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³_ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ - Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, [.filename]#/usr/" "staff/mckusick# ΠΈ [.filename]#/usr/staff/karels# Π½Π° РисункС 2.2. Когда " "ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² систСмС, Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " @@ -2709,11 +2709,11 @@ msgid "" "delete directories only if explicit directory create and delete requests " "were presented." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅-UNIX Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ файловая " -"систСма MS-DOS, Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ диска, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эта файловая " -"систСма Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ссылочных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. Π₯отя Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы " -"ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " -"ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ со ссылками, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС UNIX. " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅-UNIX Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ файловая систСма " +"MS-DOS, Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ диска, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эта файловая систСма " +"Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ссылочных ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. Π₯отя Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², скорСС всСго, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ " +"ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ со ссылками, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это дСлаСтся Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС UNIX. " "БоотвСтствСнно ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ " "явных запросов Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ созданиС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²." @@ -2739,7 +2739,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для присвоСния Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС с " "Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ старого ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Как ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ созданию ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², систСмный Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ² _rename_ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² 4.2BSD для придания " -"атомарности измСнСнию ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π² локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ПозТС ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π» " +"атомарности измСнСнию ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π² локальной Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. ПозТС ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π» " "свою ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для экспортирования ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² сторонних Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ сСти." @@ -2790,7 +2790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡŒ создаваСмым Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ присваиваСтся ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ процСсса, " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΡ… создал, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ " -"созданы. Для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² примСняСтся Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ управлСния " +"созданы. Для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² примСняСтся Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ…ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ управлСния " "доступом. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ уровня ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° для" #. type: Plain text @@ -2862,13 +2862,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ вСрсии UNIX ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² 14 символов Π½Π° имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ " "ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. НапримСр, ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ СстСствСнного " "ТСлания ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, " -"распространСнным способом Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² являСтся использованиС " +"распространённым способом Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² являСтся использованиС " "Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° [.filename]#basename.extension#, Π³Π΄Π΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ " "Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, скаТСм, `.c` для исходного Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° языкС C ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `.o` для " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°) ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… символов, " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°) ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… символов, " "оставляя ΠΎΡ‚ 10 Π΄ΠΎ 12 символов Π½Π° имя Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°. БистСмы управлСния исходным " "ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π²Π° символа для своих " -"Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, для прСфикса ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ суффикса ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом остаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ восьми Π΄ΠΎ " +"Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, для прСфикса ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ суффикса ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом остаётся ΠΎΡ‚ восьми Π΄ΠΎ " "10 символов. Π’ качСствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ 10 Π΄ΠΎ 12 символов " "ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ английского слова (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, `multiplexer`)." @@ -2898,7 +2898,7 @@ msgstr "" "исходный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ `troff` для Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π° языкС C. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… " "ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ " "ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ систСмы управлСния исходным ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ " -"ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², " +"ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ эту ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², " "Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ появившаяся Π² 4.2BSD, практичСски ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° эту " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ." @@ -2917,7 +2917,7 @@ msgid "" "the data will be stored. 4.4BSD has a single implementation to provide these " "semantics." msgstr "" -"ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, дСлятся Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ " +"ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, дСлятся Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ для всСх Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ иСрархичСский ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ " "имСнования, Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π°. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ " "Π½Π΅ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ хранятся Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Π’ 4.4BSD имССтся Сдиная рСализация " @@ -3058,7 +3058,7 @@ msgstr "" "которая экспортируСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ своих Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. _ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ_ " "являСтся локальная машина, которая ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ эти Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы. Π‘ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ " "зрСния локального ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, смонтированныС ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы " -"ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любая другая локально " +"ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² пространствС ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ любая другая локально " "смонтированная файловая систСма. Π›ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС, ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, запись " "ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ систСмС Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " @@ -3095,7 +3095,7 @@ msgid "" "NFS protocol is described in Chapter 9." msgstr "" "Π₯отя Π·Π° эти Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎ мноТСство ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " -"Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами, самой распространСнной Π½Π° систСмах UNIX являСтся " +"Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ систСмами, самой распространённой Π½Π° систСмах UNIX являСтся " "сСтСвая файловая систСма Network Filesystem (NFS), которая Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° " "спроСктирована ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Sun Microsystems. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ 4.4BSD ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» NFS, хотя Π΅Π³ΠΎ рСализация Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ спСцификаций " @@ -3124,8 +3124,8 @@ msgstr "" "Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… символов ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. На самом Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ находятся " "Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… " "Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ обрабатываСтся согласно Π½ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌ " -"характСристикам связи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΈ согласно Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ чётности." +"характСристикам связи, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΈ согласно Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ чётности." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/design-44bsd/_index.adoc:740 @@ -3338,7 +3338,7 @@ msgstr "" "соСдинСниях. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " "систСмныС Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ _read_ ΠΈ _write_. БоотвСтствСнно, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ интСрфСйсы " "Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ исправлСны для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сокСтами. Для Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ " -"слоТных сокСтов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для посылки Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ Π² " +"слоТных сокСтов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для посылки Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ Π² " "ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Π΅ _send_ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ адрСс назначСния, Π±Ρ‹Π» " "Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс." @@ -3358,9 +3358,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ достоинством являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрфСйс Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ пСрСносим. ВскорС " "послС тСстового Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π‘Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΠΈ, интСрфСйс сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» " -"пСрСнСсСн Π² System III поставщиком UNIX (хотя AT&T Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° интСрфСйс " +"пСрСнСсён Π² System III поставщиком UNIX (хотя AT&T Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° интСрфСйс " "сокСтов Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° System V Release 4, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ вмСсто Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ " -"ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Eighth Edition). Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ пСрСнСсСн " +"ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Eighth Edition). Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅ΠΉΡ сокСтов Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ пСрСнСсён " "для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Ethernet поставщиками, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Excelan ΠΈ " "Interlan, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ продавался Π½Π° Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ΅ PC, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ слишком " "слабыми, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сСтСвой ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° основном процСссорС. Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ " @@ -3387,7 +3387,7 @@ msgstr "" "_сокСтов_ Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ доступ ΠΊ сСтСвым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " "ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ слой, логичСски находящийся Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " "обСспСчСния сокСтов Π² ядрС. Π―Π΄Ρ€ΠΎ прСдоставляСт ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… " -"сСрвисов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ сообщСний, " +"сСрвисов, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ сообщСний, " "стандартныС интСрфСйсы ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ интСрфСйсы ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ сСтСвых " "интСрфСйсов для использования Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сСтСвых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ…." @@ -3418,7 +3418,7 @@ msgstr "" "для ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для Ethernet " "со скоростями Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ 10 ΠΈ 100 Mbit Π² сСкунду, вряд Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ " "для Π·Π°Π²Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… оптичСских сСтСй пропускной ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ 1 ΠΈ 10 Gbit Π² " -"сСкунду. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ " +"сСкунду. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ сСтСвых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ " "ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². НовыС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊ ядру, Π½Π΅ затрагивая " "ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ старых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Ρ‹Π΅ прилоТСния ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с " "использованиСм старых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ самой физичСской сСти, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " @@ -3448,7 +3448,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² IPC, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ рСализация Π½Π° " "основС 4.1 Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° всСм доступна ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, спонсируСмого DARPA, Π² Bolt, " "Beranek ΠΈ Newman (BBN). Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€, повлиявший Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅: РСализация Π² " -"4.2BSD стала основной ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ распространСнности ΠΈ " +"4.2BSD стала основной ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ распространённости ΠΈ " "использования этого Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ возмоТностСй TCP/IP Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ приняты. " "РСализация TCP/IP ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ описана Π² Π“Π»Π°Π²Π΅ 13." @@ -3480,7 +3480,7 @@ msgid "" "of routing with variable-length addresses and network masks." msgstr "" "Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· 4.4BSD Π±Ρ‹Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² ISO ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ всС большСй " -"распространСнности ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ БША. По ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ использования Π² " +"распространённости ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ БША. По ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ использования Π² " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ… ISO нСсколько Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ сСти, Π² интСрфСйсС сокСтов " "ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ нСбольшиС измСнСния для Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ этого " "ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°. 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Она основана Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Нильса ЙоргСнсСна [crossref:dev-model[jorgensen2001, JΓΈrgensen, 2001]], ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… FreeBSD, обсуТдСниях Π² списках рассылки FreeBSD ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²ΡŒΡŽ с Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. -ПослС опрСдСлСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² этом Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ описана организационная структура (Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ описания Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ), рассмотрСна модСль ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π° послС прСдставлСния инструмСнтов, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для контроля процСссов, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ описаны ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы. Π’ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ прСдставлСны основныС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. +ПослС опрСдСлСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² этом Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ описана организационная структура (Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ описания Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ), рассмотрСна модСль ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π° послС прСдставлСния инструмСнтов, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для контроля процСссов, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ описаны ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы. Π’ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ прСдставлСны основныС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. [crossref:dev-model[freebsd-developer-handbook, FreeBSD, 2002A]] Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ 1.2 ΠΈ 1.3 ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. Π’ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сформулировано ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ: "Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ UNIXΒ, с Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡƒΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… инструмСнтов, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ удобству использования, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ." АрхитСктурныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, находится Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° @@ -120,12 +120,12 @@ toc::[] [[def-process]] === ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ β€” это ряд дСйствий, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… подпроцСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ процСсса являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния. +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ β€” это ряд дСйствий, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… подпроцСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ процСсса являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния. [[ref-hat]] === Роль (hat) -"Hat" (шляпа) являСтся синонимом Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Роль ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ обязанности Π² процСссС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ процСсса. Роль выполняСт дСйствия. Π§Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ вопросам участники ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ люди Π²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ отвСтствСнному, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ эту Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ. +"Hat" (шляпа) являСтся синонимом Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Роль ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ обязанности Π² процСссС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ процСсса. Роль выполняСт дСйствия. Π§Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ вопросам участники ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ люди Π²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ отвСтствСнному, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ эту Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ. [[ref-outcome]] === Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ @@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ toc::[] [[development-model]] === МодСль Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ -НС сущСствуСт ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ люди ΠΏΠΈΡˆΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² FreeBSD. Однако Нильс ЙоргСнссСн ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» модСль Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ написанный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ интСгрируСтся Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚. +НС сущСствуСт ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ люди ΠΏΠΈΡˆΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² FreeBSD. Однако Нильс ЙоргСнссСн ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» модСль Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ написанный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ интСгрируСтся Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚. МодСль ЙоргСнссСна для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ @@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ toc::[] ВСрсии FreeBSD Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ всСго ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ с мноТСством Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅ΠΉ, Π³Π΄Π΅ каТдая основная Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΡŒ прСдставляСт ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ. ΠœΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии прСдставлСны вСтвями основных Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅ΠΉ. -Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² стрСлки, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ со ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ линиями ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ с ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ линиями ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚. Π’Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ бСзопасности ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΊΡƒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° раздСляСтся Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… становится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. НапримСр, Π½Π° 4.0-RELEASE Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° 4.0-CURRENT Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½Π° 4-STABLE ΠΈ 5.0-CURRENT. На 4.5-RELEASE Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ RELENG_4_5. +Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² стрСлки, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ со ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ линиями ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ с ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ линиями ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚. Π’Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ бСзопасности ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΊΡƒ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ мСсто, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° раздСляСтся Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… становится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. НапримСр, Π½Π° 4.0-RELEASE Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° 4.0-CURRENT Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½Π° 4-STABLE ΠΈ 5.0-CURRENT. На 4.5-RELEASE Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ бСзопасности ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ RELENG_4_5. .Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² FreeBSD image::branches.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ для ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ вСрсии для экранных Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²."] @@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ image::freebsd-code-model.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π°ΠΌ Π½ΠΈ [[role-core]] ==== Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) -Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° избираСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· числа ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ выполняСт Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ совСта Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. Она ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ людСй Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ (hats) ΠΈ являСтся ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ принятии Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. На 1 июля 2004 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² состав основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 9 Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ проводятся ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. +Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° избираСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· числа ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ выполняСт Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ совСта Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. Она ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… участников Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ людСй Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ (hats) ΠΈ являСтся ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ принятии Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. На 1 июля 2004 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² состав основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 9 Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ проводятся ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. [[role-maintainer]] ==== Π‘ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ @@ -379,12 +379,12 @@ image::freebsd-code-model.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π°ΠΌ Π½ΠΈ Π’ исходном ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ FreeBSD Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» MAINTAINERS, содСрТащий ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ описаниС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹. НаличиС этого увСдомлСния ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ позволяСт Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅, Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ пСрСпискС, Ссли ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ нСдоступСн Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. -Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ нСдоступСн Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдСниС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· согласия ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ основано Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сопровоТдСниС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ продСмонстрировано, Π° Π½Π΅ заявлСно. +Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ нСдоступСн Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдСниС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· согласия ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ основано Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сопровоТдСниС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ продСмонстрировано, Π° Π½Π΅ заявлСно. -Π‘ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ участка ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° β€” это Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, которая Π½Π΅ осущСствляСтся ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ. +Π‘ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ участка ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° β€” это Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, которая Π½Π΅ осущСствляСтся ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ. [[official-hats]] -=== ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ +=== ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ FreeBSD β€” это Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π² основном административныС долТности. Они ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ полномочиями ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π² своСй области. Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ спискС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ направлСния отвСтствСнности ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ описаниС ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚. @@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ Postmaster ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ доставку ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ Основная ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ β€” ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ с сообщСством бСзопасности ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ FreeBSD. ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ поступлСнии сообщСний ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности ΠΈ способствуСт Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ Π² области бСзопасности. -Из-Π·Π° опасСний, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ информация ΠΎΠ± уязвимостях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ выпуска исправлСния, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ руководитСля, замСститСля ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² crossref:dev-model[role-core, Core Team], ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности. Однако для создания ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ внСдрСния исправлСния ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ mailto:security-team@FreeBSD.org[security-team@FreeBSD.org] для ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. +Из-Π·Π° опасСний, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ информация ΠΎΠ± уязвимостях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ выпуска исправлСния, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ руководитСля, замСститСля ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² crossref:dev-model[role-core, Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team)], ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности. Однако для создания ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ внСдрСния исправлСния ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ mailto:security-team@FreeBSD.org[security-team@FreeBSD.org] для ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. [[role-repo-manager]] ==== ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ рСпозитория исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° @@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ Postmaster ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ доставку ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ [[role-election-manager]] ==== ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² -ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° процСсс crossref:dev-model[process-core-election,Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Core Team]. Он ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ инстанциСй Π² случаС Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… событий Π² процСссС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². ΠšΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ события Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с crossref:dev-model[role-core,Core Team] +ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° процСсс crossref:dev-model[process-core-election,Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹(Core Team)]. Он ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ инстанциСй Π² случаС Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… событий Π² процСссС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². ΠšΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ события Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с crossref:dev-model[role-core,Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ] Роль выполняСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². @@ -473,9 +473,9 @@ Postmaster ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ доставку ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ Π’Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ отвСтствСнный: Garrett Wollman mailto:wollman@FreeBSD.org[wollman@FreeBSD.org]. [[role-core-secretary]] -==== Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Core Team +==== Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team) -Основная ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ БСкрСтаря Core Team β€” составлСниС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ публикация ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Core Team. Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ повСстку Core Team, гарантируя, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ вопрос Π½Π΅ останСтся Π±Π΅Π· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. +Основная ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ БСкрСтаря Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ β€” составлСниС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ публикация ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ повСстку Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, гарантируя, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ вопрос Π½Π΅ останСтся Π±Π΅Π· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² настоящСС врСмя: {rene}. @@ -538,15 +538,15 @@ Postmaster ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ доставку ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ [[proc-addrem-committer]] === Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ старых ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² -Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° прСдоставлСниС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π² ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ для участников. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· голосованиС Π² спискС рассылки Core Team. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ports ΠΈ documentation ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ людям, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄ этими ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°. +Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° прСдоставлСниС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π² ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ для участников. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· голосованиС Π² спискС рассылки Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ports ΠΈ documentation ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ людям, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄ этими ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°. -ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ (Core Team) Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹. Для участников ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ посторонних ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Core Team с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ считаСтся Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ такая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, отклоняСтся. +ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ (Core Team) Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹. Для участников ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ посторонних ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ считаСтся Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ такая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, отклоняСтся. Если ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ особый интСрСс для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ пСрСсСкаСтся с Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΉ отвСтствСнности Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…, Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этих ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…. Однако часто ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ этот ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Когда участнику прСдоставляСтся статус ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π΅ΠΌΡƒ назначаСтся наставник. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° сСбя обязанности наставника для Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. -Когда участнику прСдоставляСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° (commit bit), отправляСтся подписанноС с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ crossref:dev-model[tool-pgp, Pretty Good Privacy] письмо ΠΎΡ‚ crossref:dev-model[role-core-secretary, БСкрСтаря Core Team], crossref:dev-model[role-ports-manager, ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ nik@freebsd.org Π½Π° адрСса admins@freebsd.org, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ наставника, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ Core Team, подтвСрТдая ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ наставник собираСт строку пароля, crossref:dev-model[tool-ssh2, Secure Shell] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΈ PGP-ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ отправляСт ΠΈΡ… crossref:dev-model[role-admin, Администратору]. Когда новая учётная запись создана, наставни ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ этапы Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. +Когда участнику прСдоставляСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° (commit bit), отправляСтся подписанноС с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ crossref:dev-model[tool-pgp, Pretty Good Privacy] письмо ΠΎΡ‚ crossref:dev-model[role-core-secretary, БСкрСтаря Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹], crossref:dev-model[role-ports-manager, ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ nik@freebsd.org Π½Π° адрСса admins@freebsd.org, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ наставника, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, подтвСрТдая ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ наставник собираСт строку пароля, crossref:dev-model[tool-ssh2, Secure Shell] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΈ PGP-ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ отправляСт ΠΈΡ… crossref:dev-model[role-admin, Администратору]. Когда новая учётная Π ·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡŒ создана, наставник Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ этапы Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса. .ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ†Π΅: Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° image::proc-add-committer.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π±Π·Π°Ρ†Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ для вСрсии, совмСстимой с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ чтСния с экрана."] @@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ image::proc-add-committer.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π±Π·Π°Ρ†Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ .ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ: ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° image::proc-rm-committer.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π±Π·Π°Ρ†Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ для вСрсии, совмСстимой с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ чтСния с экрана."] -Когда Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ список ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π·Π° послСдниС 18 мСсяцСв. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ этого Π½Π΅ сдСлали, Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚, ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ администраторами. +Когда Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ список ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π·Π° послСдниС 18 мСсяцСв. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ этого Π½Π΅ сдСлали, Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚, ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ администраторами. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π² ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚, Ссли ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ большС Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅. Π’ этом случаС, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ восстановлСно ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ запросу ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°. @@ -612,9 +612,9 @@ image::proc-contrib.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π±Π·Π°Ρ†Π°ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ [[process-core-election]] === Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team) -Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Core Team проводятся Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. footnote:[ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Core Team ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² сСнтябрС 2000 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°] Π˜Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡ‚ΡŒ участников Core Team. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ проводятся, Ссли количСство участников Core Team становится мСньшС сСми. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ссли этого ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ 1/3 Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². +Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ проводятся Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. footnote:[ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² сСнтябрС 2000 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°] Π˜Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡ‚ΡŒ участников Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ проводятся, Ссли количСство участников Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ становится мСньшС сСми. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ссли этого ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ 1/3 Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². -Когда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Core Team ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ± этом ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ Π·Π° 6 нСдСль ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для ΠΈΡ… провСдСния. +Когда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ± этом ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ Π·Π° 6 нСдСль ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для ΠΈΡ… провСдСния. Волько ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² состав основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team). ΠšΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ свои заявки ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρƒ нСдСлю Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ свои заявлСния Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° голосования. Они прСдставлСны Π² http://election.uk.freebsd.org/candidates.html[спискС ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ составлСнии своих ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… заявлСний ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° нСсколько стандартных вопросов, прСдоставлСнных ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². @@ -631,9 +631,9 @@ image::proc-contrib.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π±Π·Π°Ρ†Π°ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ .ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ†Π΅: Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team) image::proc-elections.png["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π±Π·Π°Ρ†Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ для вСрсии, совмСстимой с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ чтСния с экрана."] -Core Team ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ руководитСля Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ процСсс. Когда всё Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ своСй ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, прСдставив заявлСния. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ПослС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ голосования Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΈ новая основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° вступаСт Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. +Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ руководитСля Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ процСсс. Когда всё Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ своСй ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, прСдставив заявлСния. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ПослС Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ голосования Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΈ новая основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° вступаСт Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. -ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Core Team: +ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹: * crossref:dev-model[role-core, Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team)] * crossref:dev-model[role-committer, ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€] @@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ Core Team ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π·Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ исходного ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π» хотя Π±Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ‚. НСкоторыС части ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ фактичСских ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ части систСмы Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…. Π‘ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ являСтся участником ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ написал ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π΅Π³ΠΎ с ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» написан. footnote:[sendmail ΠΈ named β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‘Π½ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ.] Π—Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ β€” ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ синхронизирован с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½, Ссли это сторонний ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈ, прСдоставлСнныС сообщСством, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. -Основной объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD, связан с сопровоТдСниСм. [crossref:dev-model[jorgensen2001, JΓΈrgensen, 2001]] прСдоставляСт схСму, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. +Основной ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD, связан с сопровоТдСниСм. [crossref:dev-model[jorgensen2001, JΓΈrgensen, 2001]] прСдоставляСт схСму, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. МодСль ЙоргСнссСна для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ @@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ Core Team ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π—Π΄Π΅ΡΡŒ "Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ" относится ΠΊ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ -CURRENT, Π° "Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· для производства" β€” ΠΊ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ -STABLE. "ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ" β€” это Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ тСстированиС, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ-Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ запросу ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ опрСдСлСния состояния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. "ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ°" β€” это Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ тСстированиС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΡƒ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Ρ‘Π½ Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ -CURRENT. -На ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ написания этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ 269 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Когда ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ вносят измСнСния Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ, это создаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ выпуск. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ часто ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² сообщСствС ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. МгновСнноС появлСниС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ выпуска Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ измСнСния ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ доступными сразу ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ позволяСт быстро ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ сообщСства. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сообщСству ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ врСмя Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ для Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сообщСство Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π² свою ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большС ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ снова ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ €ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ большС сопровоТдСния ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚. +На ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ написания этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ 269 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Когда ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ вносят измСнСния Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ, это создаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ выпуск. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ часто ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² сообщСствС ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. МгновСнноС появлСниС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ выпуска Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ измСнСния ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ доступными сразу ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ позволяСт быстро ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ сообщСства. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ сообщСству ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ врСмя Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ для Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сообщСство Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π² свою ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большС ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ снова ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ €ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ большС сопровоТдСния ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² частях Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°, история ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… нСизвСстна ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρƒ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ обязан ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ошибок, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΄ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ исправлСны Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅. @@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ Bugzilla β€” это Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для сопровоТдСния, с [[model-mailman]] === Mailman -Mailman - это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, которая Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ рассылками. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΅ для вСдСния 16 ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… рассылок, 60 тСхничСских рассылок, 4 ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рассылок ΠΈ 5 рассылок с Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Git. Она Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… рассылок, созданных ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ людьми ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² сообщСствС FreeBSD. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ рассылки ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, тСхничСскиС рассылки Π² основном ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй интСрСсов, Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ рассылки ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ°Ρ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ всСй ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· эти 85 рассылок [crossref:dev-model[ref-bsd-handbook, FreeBSD, 2003A], ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ C]. +Mailman - это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, которая Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ рассылками. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Ρ‘ для вСдСния 16 ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… рассылок, 60 тСхничСских рассылок, 4 ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рассылок ΠΈ 5 рассылок с Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Git. Она Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… рассылок, созданных ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ людьми ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² сообщСствС FreeBSD. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ рассылки ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, тСхничСскиС рассылки Π² основном ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй интСрСсов, Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ рассылки ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ°Ρ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ всСй ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· эти 85 рассылок [crossref:dev-model[ref-bsd-handbook, FreeBSD, 2003A], ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ C]. [[tool-pgp]] === Pretty Good Privacy @@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ Secure Shell - это стандарт бСзопасного Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡƒΠ΄ [[sub-projects]] == ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ -ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ объСма ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Когда проблСмная ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ достаточно ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°, большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ происходит Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹, сосрСдоточСнной Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ мСньшС общСния с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ситуациСй, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°. +ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Когда проблСмная ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ достаточно ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°, большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ происходит Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹, сосрСдоточСнной Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ мСньшС общСния с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ситуациСй, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°. [[sub-project-ports]] === ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ Ports @@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ image::portsstatus.svg["ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Π°ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ crossref:dev-model[fig-ports,image::portsstatus.svg] ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ количСство ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², доступных для FreeBSD Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ с 1995 ΠΏΠΎ 2022 Π³ΠΎΠ΄. ΠŸΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ кривая сначала росла ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ с сСрСдины 2001 Π΄ΠΎ сСрСдины 2007 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° росла Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ со ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 2000 ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²/Π³ΠΎΠ΄, послС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ роста снизилась. -ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ внСшнСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, описываСмоС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, часто находится Π² стадии Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ, объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ расти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, связанная с ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ структуру ΠΈ всС большС становится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. +ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ внСшнСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, описываСмоС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, часто находится Π² стадии Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ расти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, связанная с ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ структуру ΠΈ всС большС становится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ свою ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ с crossref:dev-model[role-ports-manager, ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] Π²ΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π΅, ΠΈ эта ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π· одобрСния Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ FreeBSD (Core Team). Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ сопровоТдСниС часто вознаграТдаСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ мноТСство Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ. diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/dev-model/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/dev-model/_index.po index f650283262..c9fe03a444 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/dev-model/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/dev-model/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-05 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ msgstr "" "ПослС опрСдСлСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² этом Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ описана " "организационная структура (Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ описания Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ), " "рассмотрСна модСль ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π° послС прСдставлСния инструмСнтов, " -"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для контроля процСссов, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ описаны ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы. Π’ " +"ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для контроля процСссов, Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ описаны ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы. Π’ " "Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ прСдставлСны основныС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD." #. type: Plain text @@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ msgid "" "outcome. A process can consist of one or more sub-processes. An example of " "a process is software design." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ β€” это ряд дСйствий, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ " +"ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ β€” это ряд дСйствий, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ " "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… подпроцСссов. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ процСсса " "являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния." @@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ msgid "" "well defined what issues the hat should be contacted about by the project " "members and people outside the project." msgstr "" -"\"Hat\" (шляпа) являСтся синонимом Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Роль ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ обязанности " +"\"Hat\" (шляпа) являСтся синонимом Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Роль ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ обязанности " "Π² процСссС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ процСсса. Роль выполняСт дСйствия. " "Π§Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ вопросам участники ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ люди Π²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° " "Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ отвСтствСнному, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ эту Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ." @@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ msgid "" "Niels JΓΈrgenssen has suggested a model of how written code is integrated " "into the project." msgstr "" -"НС сущСствуСт ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ люди ΠΏΠΈΡˆΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² FreeBSD. Однако " +"НС сущСствуСт ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ люди ΠΏΠΈΡˆΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π² FreeBSD. Однако " "Нильс ЙоргСнссСн ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» модСль Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ написанный ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ интСгрируСтся Π² " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚." @@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ msgid "" "split into 4-STABLE and 5.0-CURRENT. At 4.5-RELEASE, the branch forked off a " "security branch called RELENG_4_5." msgstr "" -"Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² стрСлки, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ " +"Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² стрСлки, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π·Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ " "Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ со ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ линиями ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ‹ " "ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΡΠΌΠΎΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ с ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ линиями " "ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚. Π’Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ бСзопасности ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ " @@ -1429,7 +1429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° избираСтся ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· числа ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ выполняСт " "Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ совСта Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD. Она ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… участников " -"Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ людСй Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ (hats) ΠΈ являСтся " +"Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ людСй Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ (hats) ΠΈ являСтся " "ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ принятии Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°. " "На 1 июля 2004 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² состав основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 9 Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ " "проводятся ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°." @@ -1478,7 +1478,7 @@ msgid "" "that maintainership should be demonstrated, not declared." msgstr "" "Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ нСдоступСн Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΈ " -"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдСниС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " +"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ люди Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдСниС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ " "ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· согласия ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ основано Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "сопровоТдСниС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ продСмонстрировано, Π° Π½Π΅ заявлСно." @@ -1488,14 +1488,14 @@ msgid "" "Maintainership of a particular piece of code is a hat that is not held as a " "group." msgstr "" -"Π‘ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ участка ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° β€” это Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, которая Π½Π΅ " +"Π‘ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ участка ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° β€” это Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, которая Π½Π΅ " "осущСствляСтся ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ." #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:499 #, no-wrap msgid "Official Hats" -msgstr "ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ" +msgstr "ΠžΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:504 @@ -1715,10 +1715,11 @@ msgstr "" "Из-Π·Π° опасСний, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ информация ΠΎΠ± уязвимостях ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ " "Π·Π»ΠΎΡƒΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ выпуска исправлСния, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° " "Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ руководитСля, замСститСля ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² crossref" -":dev-model[role-core, Core Team], ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности. Однако для создания ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ внСдрСния исправлСния " -"ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ mailto:security-" -"team@FreeBSD.org[security-team@FreeBSD.org] для ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹." +":dev-model[role-core, Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team)], ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… бСзопасности. Однако для создания " +"ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ внСдрСния исправлСния ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ mailto:security-team@FreeBSD.org[security-team@FreeBSD.org] для " +"ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Π² Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Title ==== #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:564 @@ -1768,10 +1769,11 @@ msgid "" "have to be discussed with the crossref:dev-model[role-core, Core Team]" msgstr "" "ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° процСсс crossref:dev-model[process-core-" -"election,Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Core Team]. Он ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы " -"Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ инстанциСй Π² случаС Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… " -"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… событий Π² процСссС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². ΠšΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ события " -"Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с crossref:dev-model[role-core,Core Team]" +"election,Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹(Core Team)]. Он ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ являСтся ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ инстанциСй Π² " +"случаС Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… событий Π² процСссС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². ΠšΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ " +"Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ события Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ с crossref:dev-model[role-" +"core,Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ]" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:583 @@ -1870,7 +1872,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:609 #, no-wrap msgid "Core Secretary" -msgstr "Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Core Team" +msgstr "Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ (Core Team)" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:613 @@ -1879,9 +1881,10 @@ msgid "" "the final Core Reports. The secretary also keeps the core agenda, thus " "ensuring that no balls are dropped unresolved." msgstr "" -"Основная ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ БСкрСтаря Core Team β€” составлСниС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ " -"публикация ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Core Team. Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ повСстку " -"Core Team, гарантируя, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ вопрос Π½Π΅ останСтся Π±Π΅Π· Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ." +"Основная ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ БСкрСтаря Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ β€” составлСниС Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ " +"публикация ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ " +"повСстку Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, гарантируя, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ вопрос Π½Π΅ останСтся Π±Π΅Π· " +"Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:615 @@ -2087,7 +2090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° прСдоставлСниС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π² ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ для участников. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сдСлано Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· голосованиС Π² " -"спискС рассылки Core Team. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ports ΠΈ documentation ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " +"спискС рассылки Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ports ΠΈ documentation ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " "ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ людям, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄ этими ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° " "Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°." @@ -2099,9 +2102,9 @@ msgid "" "well thought of and is usually rejected." msgstr "" "ΠžΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ (Core Team) Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ " -"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹. Для участников ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ посторонних ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Core Team с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±ΠΎΠΉ " -"ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ считаСтся Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ такая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, " -"отклоняСтся." +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹. Для участников ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ посторонних ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ с " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ считаСтся Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ такая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΡŒΠ±Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, отклоняСтся." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:688 @@ -2143,15 +2146,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Когда участнику прСдоставляСтся ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° (commit bit), отправляСтся " "подписанноС с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ crossref:dev-model[tool-pgp, Pretty Good Privacy] " -"письмо ΠΎΡ‚ crossref:dev-model[role-core-secretary, БСкрСтаря Core Team], " -"crossref:dev-model[role-ports-manager, ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ nik@freebsd.org " -"Π½Π° адрСса admins@freebsd.org, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ наставника, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ " -"Core Team, подтвСрТдая ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ наставник " -"собираСт строку пароля, crossref:dev-model[tool-ssh2, Secure Shell] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ " -"ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΈ PGP-ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ отправляСт ΠΈΡ… crossref:dev-model[role-" -"admin, Администратору]. Когда новая учётная запись создана, наставник " -"Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ этапы " -"Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса." +"письмо ΠΎΡ‚ crossref:dev-model[role-core-secretary, БСкрСтаря Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹]" +", crossref:dev-model[role-ports-manager, ΠœΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²] ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ nik@" +"freebsd.org Π½Π° адрСса admins@freebsd.org, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ наставника, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ " +"ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹, подтвСрТдая ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ записи. " +"Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ наставник собираСт строку пароля, crossref:dev-model[tool-ssh2, Secure " +"Shell] ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΈ PGP-ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ отправляСт ΠΈΡ… crossref" +":dev-model[role-admin, Администратору]. Когда новая учётная запись создана, " +"наставник Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· " +"ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ этапы Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса." #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:700 @@ -2240,7 +2243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Когда Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° (Core Team) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ список " "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π·Π° послСдниС 18 мСсяцСв. " -"ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ этого Π½Π΅ сдСлали, Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚, ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " +"ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ этого Π½Π΅ сдСлали, Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚, ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ " "записи ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ администраторами." #. type: Plain text @@ -2482,11 +2485,11 @@ msgid "" "elections can also be held should at least 1/3 of the active committers " "demand this." msgstr "" -"Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Core Team проводятся Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. footnote:[ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ " -"Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Core Team ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² сСнтябрС 2000 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°] Π˜Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡ‚ΡŒ " -"участников Core Team. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ проводятся, Ссли количСство участников " -"Core Team становится мСньшС сСми. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹, " -"Ссли этого ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ 1/3 Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²." +"Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ проводятся Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. footnote:[" +"ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² сСнтябрС 2000 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°] Π˜Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " +"Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡ‚ΡŒ участников Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ проводятся, Ссли количСство " +"участников Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹ становится мСньшС сСми. НовыС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ " +"Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ссли этого ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ 1/3 Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:797 @@ -2494,8 +2497,8 @@ msgid "" "When an election is to take place, core announces this at least 6 weeks in " "advance, and appoints an election manager to run the elections." msgstr "" -"Когда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Core Team ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ± этом ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ Π·Π° 6 " -"нСдСль ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для ΠΈΡ… провСдСния." +"Когда Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ± этом ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ " +"ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ Π·Π° 6 нСдСль ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для ΠΈΡ… провСдСния." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:802 @@ -2586,7 +2589,7 @@ msgid "" "submitting their statements. The committers then vote. After the vote is " "over, the election results are announced and the new core team takes office." msgstr "" -"Core Team ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ руководитСля Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ " +"Основная ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ руководитСля Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ " "ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ процСсс. Когда всё Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ своСй " "ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, прСдставив заявлСния. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ПослС " "Π·Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ голосования Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, ΠΈ новая основная " @@ -2595,7 +2598,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:823 msgid "Hats in core elections are:" -msgstr "ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Core Team:" +msgstr "ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π° Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Основной ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/dev-model/_index.adoc:827 @@ -2759,7 +2762,7 @@ msgid "" "[crossref:dev-model[jorgensen2001, JΓΈrgensen, 2001]] has made a figure " "showing the life cycle of changes." msgstr "" -"Основной объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD, связан с " +"Основной ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD, связан с " "сопровоТдСниСм. [crossref:dev-model[jorgensen2001, JΓΈrgensen, 2001]] " "прСдоставляСт схСму, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ." @@ -2795,9 +2798,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "На ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ написания этого Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ 269 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Когда " "ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ вносят измСнСния Π² Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ, это создаСт Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ выпуск. ΠžΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ часто " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² сообщСствС ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. МгновСнноС " +"ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² сообщСствС ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΡƒ. МгновСнноС " "появлСниС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ выпуска Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ измСнСния ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ доступными сразу ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ " -"позволяСт быстро ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ сообщСства. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ сообщСству " +"позволяСт быстро ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ сообщСства. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Ρ‘Ρ‚ сообщСству " "ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ врСмя Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ для Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "сообщСство Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, Π² свою ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ большС " "ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π·Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ снова стимулируСт большС сопровоТдСния ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ " @@ -3331,12 +3334,12 @@ msgid "" "lists [crossref:dev-model[ref-bsd-handbook, FreeBSD, 2003A], Appendix C]." msgstr "" "Mailman - это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, которая Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ " -"рассылками. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π΅ для вСдСния 16 ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… рассылок, 60 " +"рассылками. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ FreeBSD ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Ρ‘ для вСдСния 16 ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… рассылок, 60 " "тСхничСских рассылок, 4 ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рассылок ΠΈ 5 рассылок с Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² " "Git. Она Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… рассылок, созданных ΠΈ " "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ людьми ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² сообщСствС FreeBSD. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ рассылки " "ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, тСхничСскиС рассылки Π² основном " -"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй интСрСсов, Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ " +"ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй интСрСсов, Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ " "рассылки ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ для " "ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ°Ρ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ всСй ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· " "эти 85 рассылок [crossref:dev-model[ref-bsd-handbook, FreeBSD, 2003A], " @@ -3411,7 +3414,7 @@ msgid "" "problem, requiring less communication with the groups they communicate with " "than were the group not isolated." msgstr "" -"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ объСма ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для " +"ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для " "ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Когда проблСмная ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ достаточно " "ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°, большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ происходит Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹, " "сосрСдоточСнной Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ мСньшС общСния с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ " @@ -3473,7 +3476,7 @@ msgid "" "sub-project of the FreeBSD project." msgstr "" "ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ внСшнСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, описываСмоС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, часто " -"находится Π² стадии Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ, объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для " +"находится Π² стадии Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для " "ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ расти. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ " "Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD, связанная с ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ " "структуру ΠΈ всС большС становится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° FreeBSD." 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gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:05:44 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: d66619b26f - main - update translation of books/handbook to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: d66619b26f33db5ae1cc6e8def9288837e85cf99 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:05:44 +0000 Message-Id: <69b6a098.303cb.164b9000@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=d66619b26f33db5ae1cc6e8def9288837e85cf99 commit d66619b26f33db5ae1cc6e8def9288837e85cf99 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 12:05:28 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 12:05:28 +0000 update translation of books/handbook to Russian Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55726 --- .../content/ru/books/handbook/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc | 31 +- .../books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.po | 536 +++++----- .../content/ru/books/handbook/audit/_index.adoc | 12 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/audit/_index.po | 26 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/basics/_index.adoc | 80 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/basics/_index.po | 110 +- documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/book.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/boot/_index.adoc | 8 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/boot/_index.po | 14 +- .../ru/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc | 42 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.po | 87 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/config/_index.adoc | 16 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/config/_index.po | 24 +- .../ru/books/handbook/cutting-edge/_index.adoc | 200 ++-- .../ru/books/handbook/cutting-edge/_index.po | 814 +++++++++------ .../content/ru/books/handbook/desktop/_index.adoc | 81 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/desktop/_index.po | 1051 ++++++++++--------- .../content/ru/books/handbook/disks/_index.adoc | 47 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/disks/_index.po | 475 ++++----- .../content/ru/books/handbook/dtrace/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/dtrace/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/handbook/eresources/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/eresources/_index.po | 19 +- .../ru/books/handbook/filesystems/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../ru/books/handbook/filesystems/_index.po | 24 +- .../ru/books/handbook/firewalls/_index.adoc | 102 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/firewalls/_index.po | 284 +++--- .../content/ru/books/handbook/geom/_index.adoc | 24 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/geom/_index.po | 44 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/glossary.adoc | 4 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/glossary.po | 17 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/introduction.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/introduction.po | 31 +- .../ru/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc | 12 +- .../ru/books/handbook/introduction/_index.po | 39 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/jails/_index.adoc | 88 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/jails/_index.po | 193 ++-- .../ru/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.adoc | 22 +- .../ru/books/handbook/kernelconfig/_index.po | 105 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/l10n/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/l10n/_index.po | 24 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/linuxemu/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/linuxemu/_index.po | 14 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/mac/_index.adoc | 24 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/mac/_index.po | 506 +++++----- .../content/ru/books/handbook/mail/_index.adoc | 14 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/mail/_index.po | 18 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/mirrors/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/mirrors/_index.po | 8 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/multimedia/_index.po | 4 +- .../ru/books/handbook/network-servers/_index.adoc | 73 +- .../ru/books/handbook/network-servers/_index.po | 1060 ++++++++++---------- .../content/ru/books/handbook/network/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/network/_index.po | 10 +- documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/parti.po | 4 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/ports/_index.adoc | 20 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/ports/_index.po | 64 +- .../ru/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/_index.adoc | 22 +- .../ru/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/_index.po | 38 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/preface/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/preface/_index.po | 10 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/printing/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/printing/_index.po | 10 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/security/_index.adoc | 46 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/security/_index.po | 63 +- .../ru/books/handbook/serialcomms/_index.adoc | 12 +- .../ru/books/handbook/serialcomms/_index.po | 18 +- .../ru/books/handbook/usb-device-mode/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/handbook/usb-device-mode/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc | 40 +- .../ru/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.po | 58 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/wayland/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/wayland/_index.po | 29 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/wine/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/wine/_index.po | 16 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/x11/_index.adoc | 8 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/x11/_index.po | 38 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/zfs/_index.adoc | 86 +- .../content/ru/books/handbook/zfs/_index.po | 185 ++-- 80 files changed, 3886 insertions(+), 3386 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/_index.adoc index 575f9acda4..cd232b09ff 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/_index.adoc @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ authors: - author: 'The FreeBSD Documentation Project' bookOrder: 1 -copyright: '1995-2025 The FreeBSD Documentation Project' +copyright: '1995-2026 The FreeBSD Documentation Project' description: 'ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ рСсурс для ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ FreeBSD' next: books/handbook/preface params: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc index 923a7d891e..c487f6924c 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ endif::[] Π­Ρ‚Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π° ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ряд слоТных Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, связанных с сСтями. -ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ эту Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ эту Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ: * ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ шлюзов ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ². * Как Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ USB-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π³. @@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ endif::[] * Π—Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ стороннСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС (crossref:ports[ports,Установка ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠŸΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹]). [[network-routing]] -== Π¨Π»ΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ +== Π¨Π»ΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ -_ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ_ β€” это ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ систСмС Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСтСвой ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. _ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚_ β€” это опрСдСлСнная ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π° адрСсов, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… "Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅" ΠΈ "шлюз". ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ назначСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ шлюз. БущСствуСт Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ хосты, подсСти ΠΈ "ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ". "ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ" ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, Ссли Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сущСствуСт Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° шлюзов: ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ хосты, интСрфСйсы (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ) ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠ ΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (MAC) адрСса Ethernet. Π˜Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ хранятся Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. +_ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ_ β€” это ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ систСмС Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСтСвой ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. _ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚_ β€” это опрСдСлённая ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π° адрСсов, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… "Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅" ΠΈ "шлюз". ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ назначСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ шлюз. БущСствуСт Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ хосты, подсСти ΠΈ "ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ". "ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ" ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, Ссли Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сущСствуСт Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° шлюзов: ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ хосты, интСрфСйсы (Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ) ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠ ΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (MAC) адрСса Ethernet. Π˜Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ хранятся Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ этом Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ прСдставлСн ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ основ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму FreeBSD Π² качСствС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°, ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ совСты ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ. @@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ freebsdap 00:11:95:c3:0d:ac 1 54M -66:-96 100 ES WME .... [[network-wireless-ap-wpa]] -==== WPA2 Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° доступа Π½Π° основС хоста +==== Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° доступа WPA2 Π½Π° основС хоста Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» посвящён настройкС Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ доступа Π½Π° хостС FreeBSD с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° бСзопасности WPA2. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎ WPA ΠΈ настройкС бСспроводных ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° основС WPA ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² crossref:advanced-networking[network-wireless-wpa-eap-tls, WPA с EAP-TLS]. @@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ Reason: Connection terminated by local host [0x16] === БопряТСниС устройств -По ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Bluetooth-связь Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ любоС устройство ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ устройством. Устройство Bluetooth, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сотовый Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ для прСдоставлСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услуги. АутСнтификация Bluetooth ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ выполняСтся с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ _PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°_ β€” строки ASCII Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 16 символов. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ввСсти ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… устройствах. ПослС Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ±Π° устройства ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ _ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи_. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сохранСн Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² самих устройствах, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² посто янном Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΎΠ±Π° устройства Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ сгСнСрированный ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи. Π­Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° называСтся _сопряТСниСм (pairing)_. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ утСрян ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· устройств, спариваниС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. +По ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Bluetooth-связь Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ любоС устройство ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ устройством. Устройство Bluetooth, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сотовый Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ для прСдоставлСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услуги. АутСнтификация Bluetooth ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ выполняСтся с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ _PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°_ β€” строки ASCII Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 16 символов. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ввСсти ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… устройствах. ПослС Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ±Π° устройства ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ _ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи_. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ сохранСн Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² самих устройствах, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² посто янном Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Π’ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π· ΠΎΠ±Π° устройства Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ сгСнСрированный ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи. Π­Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° называСтся _сопряТСниСм (pairing)_. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ссли ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ утСрян ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· устройств, спариваниС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ. Π”Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ man:hcsecd[8] ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ запросов Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Bluetooth. ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ β€” [.filename]#/etc/bluetooth/hcsecd.conf#. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° для мобильного Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π° с PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ `1234` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅: @@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ hcsecd[16484]: Sending PIN_Code_Reply to 'ubt0hci' for remote bdaddr 0:80:37:29: ЀактичСский Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ устройства с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° SDP. МоТно ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π» RFCOMM Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ, ΠΈ Π² этом случаС man:rfcomm_pppd[8] Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ запрос SDP. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ man:sdpcontrol[8], Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π» RFCOMM Π½Π° ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ устройствС. -Для прСдоставлСния сСтСвого доступа Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· слуТбу PPPLAN Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» man:sdpd[8], ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° создана новая запись для ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² LAN Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/etc/ppp/ppp.conf#. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² man:rfcomm_pppd[8]. НаконСц, запуститС сСрвСр RFCOMMPPP Π½Π° допустимом Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° RFCOMM. Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ RFCOMMPPP автоматичСски зарСгистрируСт слуТбу Bluetooth LAN Π² локальном Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ SDP. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСрвСр RFCOMMPPP. +Для прСдоставлСния сСтСвого доступа Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· слуТбу PPPLAN Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» man:sdpd[8], ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° создана новая запись для ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² LAN Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ [.filename]#/etc/ppp/ppp.conf#. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² man:rfcomm_pppd[8]. НаконСц, запуститС сСрвСр RFCOMMPPP Π½Π° допустимом Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° RFCOMM. Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ RFCOMMPPP автоматичСски зарСгистрируСт слуТбу Bluetooth LAN Π² локальном Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ SDP. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСрвСр RFCOMMPPP. [source, shell] .... @@ -1217,7 +1217,16 @@ ifconfig_fxp1="up" # ifconfig bridge0 inet 192.168.0.1/24 .... -Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ IPv6-адрСс интСрфСйсу моста. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ измСнСния стали постоянными, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ± адрСсации Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. +Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ IPv6 адрСс интСрфСйсу моста. + +Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ измСнСния стали постоянными, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ± адрСсации Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. + +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ динамичСский адрСс IPv6: + +[.programlisting] +.... +ifconfig_bridge0_ipv6="inet6 auto_linklocal accept_rtadv" +.... [NOTE] ==== @@ -1486,7 +1495,7 @@ lagg0: flags=8843 metric 0 mtu 1500 laggport: fxp0 flags=1c .... -ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `ACTIVE`, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ LAG, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» согласован с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· эти Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ `-v` ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ LAG. +ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `ACTIVE`, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ LAG, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» согласован с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· эти Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ `-v` ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ LAG. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ статус ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Cisco(R): @@ -1905,7 +1914,7 @@ Received 264951 bytes in 0.1 seconds Высокая Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с использованиСм CARP встроСна Π² FreeBSD, хотя шаги ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ настройкС Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ вСрсии FreeBSD. Π’ этом Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для вСрсий Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ начиная с FreeBSD 10. -Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ настраиваСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ отказоустойчивости с трСмя хостами, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ IP-адрСс, Π½ΠΎ прСдоставляСт ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π±-содСрТимоС. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… основных хоста с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ `hosta.example.org` ΠΈ `hostb.example.org`, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ хост с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ `hostc.example.org`. +Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ настраиваСт ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ отказоустойчивости с трСмя хостами, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ IP-адрСс, Π½ΠΎ прСдоставляСт ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π±-содСрТимоС. Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… основных хоста с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ `hosta.example.org` ΠΈ `hostb.example.org`, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ хост с ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ `hostc.example.org`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ DNS Round Robin. Основная ΠΈ рСзСрвная ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ настроСны ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ хостов ΠΈ ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… IP-адрСсов. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ сСрвСры Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ слуТбы. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, запросы ΠΊ слуТбС Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ IP-адрСсС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ссли Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСрвСр ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ доступ ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ содСрТимому. РСзСрвная машина ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… интСрфСйса CARP, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· IP-адрСсов основного сСрвСра содСрТимого. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ сбоя, Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСрвСр Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡŒΠΌΡ‘Ρ‚ IP-адрСс Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· строя основной ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. @@ -2001,7 +2010,7 @@ ifconfig_em0_alias1="inet vhid 2 advskew 100 pass testpass alias 192.168.1.51/32 [NOTE] ==== -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ VLAN ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ сСтСвой интСрфСйс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ настроСн ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½. Минимальная конфигурация для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ VLAN ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ сСтСвой интСрфСйс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ настроСн ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½. Минимальная конфигурация для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ: [source, shell] .... @@ -2021,7 +2030,7 @@ ifconfig_em0_5="inet 192.168.20.20/24" [NOTE] ==== -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ VLAN Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf# ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ сСтСвой интСрфСйс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ настроСн ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½. Минимальная конфигурация для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ VLAN Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf# ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ сСтСвой интСрфСйс Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ настроСн ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½. Минимальная конфигурация для ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ: [.programlisting] .... diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.po index 24c28dd4a0..245fcb1499 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-20 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-05 04:45+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ msgstr "Π­Ρ‚Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π° ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ряд слоТных Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, с #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:58 msgid "Read this chapter to learn:" -msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ эту Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ:" +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ эту Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ:" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:60 @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "Gateways and Routes" -msgstr "Π¨Π»ΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹" +msgstr "Π¨Π»ΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:86 @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ msgid "" "stored in a routing table." msgstr "" "_ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ_ β€” это ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ систСмС Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ сСтСвой ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ " -"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. _ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚_ β€” это опрСдСлСнная ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π° адрСсов, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… " +"Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ систСмС. _ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚_ β€” это опрСдСлённая ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π° адрСсов, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… " "\"Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅\" ΠΈ \"шлюз\". ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ " "ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ назначСния ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ шлюз. " "БущСствуСт Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ хосты, подсСти ΠΈ \"ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ " @@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ msgstr "ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ссылки Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈ #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:190 msgid "" -"On a FreeBSD system, the default route can defined in [.filename]#/etc/rc." +"On a FreeBSD system, the default route can be defined in [.filename]#/etc/rc." "conf# by specifying the IP address of the default gateway:" msgstr "" "На систСмС FreeBSD ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½ Π² [.filename]#/" @@ -1931,7 +1931,7 @@ msgstr "" #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:757 #, no-wrap msgid "WPA2 Host-based Access Point" -msgstr "WPA2 Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° доступа Π½Π° основС хоста" +msgstr "Π’ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° доступа WPA2 Π½Π° основС хоста" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:762 @@ -2292,13 +2292,13 @@ msgid "" "3CRWB60-A is supported by the man:ng_bt3c[4] driver. Serial and UART based " "Bluetooth devices are supported by man:ng_h4[4] and man:hcseriald[8]." msgstr "" -"Π‘Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊ Bluetooth Π² FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ с использованиСм Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° " -"man:netgraph[4]. Π¨ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ спСктр Bluetooth USB-Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² поддСрТиваСтся " -"Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ man:ng_ubt[4]. Устройства Bluetooth Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Broadcom BCM2033 " -"ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ man:ubtbcmfw[4] ΠΈ man:ng_ubt[4]. ΠšΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° Bluetooth " -"PC Card 3CRWB60-A ΠΎΡ‚ 3Com поддСрТиваСтся Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ man:ng_bt3c[4]. Bluetooth-" -"устройства Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ UART ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ " -"man:ng_h4[4] ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ man:hcseriald[8]." +"Π‘Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊ Bluetooth Π² FreeBSD Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ с использованиСм Ρ„Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° man:" +"netgraph[4]. Π¨ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ спСктр Bluetooth USB-Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² поддСрТиваСтся Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ " +"man:ng_ubt[4]. Устройства Bluetooth Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Broadcom BCM2033 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ " +"Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ man:ubtbcmfw[4] ΠΈ man:ng_ubt[4]. ΠšΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° Bluetooth PC Card 3CRWB60-" +"A ΠΎΡ‚ 3Com поддСрТиваСтся Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ man:ng_bt3c[4]. Bluetooth-устройства Π½Π° " +"основС ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ UART ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ man:ng_h4[4] " +"ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ man:hcseriald[8]." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:884 @@ -2619,7 +2619,7 @@ msgstr "" "По ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Bluetooth-связь Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ любоС устройство " "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π»ΡŽΠ±Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ устройством. Устройство Bluetooth, " "Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ сотовый Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ для " -"прСдоставлСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услуги. АутСнтификация Bluetooth ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " +"прСдоставлСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ услуги. АутСнтификация Bluetooth ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ " "выполняСтся с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ _PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°_ β€” строки ASCII Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 16 символов. " "ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ввСсти ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅ PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… устройствах. ПослС " "Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° PIN-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ±Π° устройства ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ _ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи_. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ связи " @@ -2810,7 +2810,7 @@ msgstr "" "filename]#/etc/ppp/ppp.conf#. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π² man:rfcomm_pppd[8]. " "НаконСц, запуститС сСрвСр RFCOMMPPP Π½Π° допустимом Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° RFCOMM. " "Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Ρ€ RFCOMMPPP автоматичСски зарСгистрируСт слуТбу Bluetooth LAN Π² " -"локальном Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ SDP. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " +"локальном Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ SDP. Π’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ " "сСрвСр RFCOMMPPP." #. type: delimited block . 4 @@ -3755,17 +3755,32 @@ msgid "# ifconfig bridge0 inet 192.168.0.1/24\n" msgstr "# ifconfig bridge0 inet 192.168.0.1/24\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1439 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1438 +msgid "It is also possible to assign an IPv6 address to a bridge interface." +msgstr "Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ IPv6 адрСс интСрфСйсу моста." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1440 msgid "" -"It is also possible to assign an IPv6 address to a bridge interface. To " -"make the changes permanent, add the addressing information to [.filename]#/" -"etc/rc.conf#." +"To make the changes permanent, add the addressing information to [." +"filename]#/etc/rc.conf#." msgstr "" -"Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ IPv6-адрСс интСрфСйсу моста. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ измСнСния стали " -"постоянными, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ± адрСсации Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#." +"Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ измСнСния стали постоянными, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠ± адрСсации Π² [." +"filename]#/etc/rc.conf#." + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1442 +msgid "This example uses a dynamic IPv6 address:" +msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ динамичСский адрСс IPv6:" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1446 +#, no-wrap +msgid "ifconfig_bridge0_ipv6=\"inet6 auto_linklocal accept_rtadv\"\n" +msgstr "ifconfig_bridge0_ipv6=\"inet6 auto_linklocal accept_rtadv\"\n" #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1445 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1453 msgid "" "When packet filtering is enabled, bridged packets will pass through the " "filter inbound on the originating interface on the bridge interface, and " @@ -3780,7 +3795,7 @@ msgstr "" "интСрфСйсах-участниках, Π° Π½Π΅ Π½Π° самом мостС." #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1448 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1456 msgid "" "The bridge has several configurable settings for passing non-IP and IP " "packets, and layer2 firewalling with man:ipfw[8]. See man:if_bridge[4] for " @@ -3791,13 +3806,13 @@ msgstr "" "см. man:if_bridge[4]." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1450 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1458 #, no-wrap msgid "Enabling Spanning Tree" msgstr "Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° островного Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π° (STP)" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1455 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1463 msgid "" "For an Ethernet network to function properly, only one active path can exist " "between two devices. The STP protocol detects loops and puts redundant " @@ -3813,7 +3828,7 @@ msgstr "" "сСти." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1459 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1467 msgid "" "The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP or 802.1w) provides backwards " "compatibility with legacy STP. RSTP provides faster convergence and " @@ -3828,7 +3843,7 @@ msgstr "" "качСствС Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ RSTP являСтся Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1462 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1470 msgid "" "STP can be enabled on member interfaces using man:ifconfig[8]. For a bridge " "with [.filename]#fxp0# and [.filename]#fxp1# as the current interfaces, " @@ -3839,7 +3854,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1477 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1485 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# ifconfig bridge0 stp fxp0 stp fxp1\n" @@ -3869,7 +3884,7 @@ msgstr "" " role designated state forwarding\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1481 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1489 msgid "" "This bridge has a spanning tree ID of `00:01:02:4b:d4:50` and a priority of " "`32768`. As the `root id` is the same, it indicates that this is the root " @@ -3880,12 +3895,12 @@ msgstr "" "Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ мост являСтся ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ для Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1483 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1491 msgid "Another bridge on the network also has STP enabled:" msgstr "Π•Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ мост Π² сСти Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ STP:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1497 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1505 #, no-wrap msgid "" "bridge0: flags=8843 metric 0 mtu 1500\n" @@ -3913,7 +3928,7 @@ msgstr "" " role designated state forwarding\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1501 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1509 msgid "" "The line `root id 00:01:02:4b:d4:50 priority 32768 ifcost 400000 port 4` " "shows that the root bridge is `00:01:02:4b:d4:50` and has a path cost of " @@ -3926,13 +3941,13 @@ msgstr "" "4`, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ являСтся [.filename]#fxp0#." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1502 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1510 #, no-wrap msgid "Bridge Interface Parameters" msgstr "ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ интСрфСйса моста" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1507 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1515 msgid "" "Several `ifconfig` parameters are unique to bridge interfaces. This section " "summarizes some common uses for these parameters. The complete list of " @@ -3943,13 +3958,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список доступных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² описан Π² man:ifconfig[8]." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1508 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1516 #, no-wrap msgid "private" msgstr "private" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1512 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1520 msgid "" "A private interface does not forward any traffic to any other port that is " "also designated as a private interface. The traffic is blocked " @@ -3963,13 +3978,13 @@ msgstr "" "Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°, слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ мСТсСтСвой экран." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1513 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1521 #, no-wrap msgid "span" msgstr "span" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1518 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1526 msgid "" "A span port transmits a copy of every Ethernet frame received by the " "bridge. The number of span ports configured on a bridge is unlimited, but " @@ -3989,19 +4004,19 @@ msgstr "" "filename]#fxp4#:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1522 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1530 #, no-wrap msgid "# ifconfig bridge0 span fxp4\n" msgstr "# ifconfig bridge0 span fxp4\n" #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1524 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1532 #, no-wrap msgid "sticky" msgstr "sticky" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1529 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1537 msgid "" "If a bridge member interface is marked as sticky, dynamically learned " "address entries are treated as static entries in the forwarding cache. " @@ -4020,7 +4035,7 @@ msgstr "" "моста, Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ сСгмСнт." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1532 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1540 msgid "" "An example of using sticky addresses is to combine the bridge with VLANs in " "order to isolate customer networks without wasting IP address space. " @@ -4033,7 +4048,7 @@ msgstr "" "`vlan101`, Π° мост ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ адрСс `192.168.0.1`:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1537 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1545 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# ifconfig bridge0 addm vlan100 sticky vlan100 addm vlan101 sticky vlan101\n" @@ -4043,7 +4058,7 @@ msgstr "" "# ifconfig bridge0 inet 192.168.0.1/24\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1541 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1549 msgid "" "In this example, both clients see `192.168.0.1` as their default gateway. " "Since the bridge cache is sticky, one host cannot spoof the MAC address of " @@ -4054,7 +4069,7 @@ msgstr "" "адрСс Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1543 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1551 msgid "" "Any communication between the VLANs can be blocked using a firewall or, as " "seen in this example, private interfaces:" @@ -4063,13 +4078,13 @@ msgstr "" "мСТсСтСвого экрана ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, частных интСрфСйсов:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1547 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1555 #, no-wrap msgid "# ifconfig bridge0 private vlan100 private vlan101\n" msgstr "# ifconfig bridge0 private vlan100 private vlan101\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1550 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1558 msgid "" "The customers are completely isolated from each other and the full `/24` " "address range can be allocated without subnetting." @@ -4078,7 +4093,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π±Π΅Π· раздСлСния Π½Π° подсСти." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1553 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1561 msgid "" "The number of unique source MAC addresses behind an interface can be " "limited. Once the limit is reached, packets with unknown source addresses " @@ -4090,7 +4105,7 @@ msgstr "" "Π² кэшС хоста Π½Π΅ истСчёт ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1555 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1563 msgid "" "The following example sets the maximum number of Ethernet devices for " "`CustomerA` on `vlan100` to 10:" @@ -4099,13 +4114,13 @@ msgstr "" "для `CustomerA` Π½Π° `vlan100` Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ 10:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1559 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1567 #, no-wrap msgid "# ifconfig bridge0 ifmaxaddr vlan100 10\n" msgstr "# ifconfig bridge0 ifmaxaddr vlan100 10\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1565 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1573 msgid "" "Bridge interfaces also support monitor mode, where the packets are discarded " "after man:bpf[4] processing and are not processed or forwarded further. " @@ -4124,7 +4139,7 @@ msgstr "" "интСрфСйсов ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1570 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1578 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# ifconfig bridge0 addm fxp0 addm fxp1 addm fxp2 addm fxp3 monitor up\n" @@ -4134,13 +4149,13 @@ msgstr "" "# tcpdump -i bridge0\n" #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1572 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1580 #, no-wrap msgid "SNMP Monitoring" msgstr "ΠœΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ SNMP" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1576 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1584 msgid "" "The bridge interface and STP parameters can be monitored via man:bsnmpd[1] " "which is included in the FreeBSD base system. The exported bridge MIBs " @@ -4153,7 +4168,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ любой SNMP-ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1578 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1586 msgid "" "To enable monitoring on the bridge, uncomment this line in [.filename]#/etc/" "snmpd.config# by removing the beginning `+#+` symbol:" @@ -4162,13 +4177,13 @@ msgstr "" "filename]#/etc/snmpd.config#, ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΠ² символ `+#+` Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π΅:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1582 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1590 #, no-wrap msgid "begemotSnmpdModulePath.\"bridge\" = \"/usr/lib/snmp_bridge.so\"\n" msgstr "begemotSnmpdModulePath.\"bridge\" = \"/usr/lib/snmp_bridge.so\"\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1587 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1595 msgid "" "Other configuration settings, such as community names and access lists, may " "need to be modified in this file. See man:bsnmpd[1] and man:snmp_bridge[3] " @@ -4181,24 +4196,24 @@ msgstr "" "Π² [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1591 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1599 #, no-wrap msgid "bsnmpd_enable=\"YES\"\n" msgstr "bsnmpd_enable=\"YES\"\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1594 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1602 msgid "Then, start man:bsnmpd[1]:" msgstr "Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, запуститС man:bsnmpd[1]:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1598 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1606 #, no-wrap msgid "# service bsnmpd start\n" msgstr "# service bsnmpd start\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1603 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1611 msgid "" "The following examples use the Net-SNMP software (package:net-mgmt/net-" "snmp[]) to query a bridge from a client system. The package:net-mgmt/" @@ -4213,7 +4228,7 @@ msgstr "" "conf#, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ опрСдСлСния MIB для моста:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1608 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1616 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mibdirs +/usr/share/snmp/mibs\n" @@ -4223,13 +4238,13 @@ msgstr "" "mibs +BRIDGE-MIB:RSTP-MIB:BEGEMOT-MIB:BEGEMOT-BRIDGE-MIB\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1611 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1619 msgid "To monitor a single bridge using the IETF BRIDGE-MIB (RFC4188):" msgstr "" "Для ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ моста с использованиСм IETF BRIDGE-MIB (RFC4188):" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1630 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1638 #, no-wrap msgid "" "% snmpwalk -v 2c -c public bridge1.example.com mib-2.dot1dBridge\n" @@ -4267,7 +4282,7 @@ msgstr "" "RSTP-MIB::dot1dStpVersion.0 = INTEGER: rstp(2)\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1635 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1643 msgid "" "The `dot1dStpTopChanges.0` value is two, indicating that the STP bridge " "topology has changed twice. A topology change means that one or more links " @@ -4281,7 +4296,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1637 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1645 msgid "" "To monitor multiple bridge interfaces, the private BEGEMOT-BRIDGE-MIB can be " "used:" @@ -4290,7 +4305,7 @@ msgstr "" "BEGEMOT-BRIDGE-MIB:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1655 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1663 #, no-wrap msgid "" "% snmpwalk -v 2c -c public bridge1.example.com\n" @@ -4326,7 +4341,7 @@ msgstr "" "BEGEMOT-BRIDGE-MIB::begemotBridgeStpDesignatedRoot.\"bridge2\" = Hex-STRING: 80 00 00 50 8B B8 C6 A9\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1658 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1666 msgid "" "To change the bridge interface being monitored via the `mib-2.dot1dBridge` " "subtree:" @@ -4335,7 +4350,7 @@ msgstr "" "dot1dBridge`:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1663 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1671 #, no-wrap msgid "" "% snmpset -v 2c -c private bridge1.example.com\n" @@ -4345,13 +4360,13 @@ msgstr "" "BEGEMOT-BRIDGE-MIB::begemotBridgeDefaultBridgeIf.0 s bridge2\n" #. type: Title == -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1666 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1674 #, no-wrap msgid "Link Aggregation and Failover" msgstr "АгрСгация ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1671 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1679 msgid "" "FreeBSD provides the man:lagg[4] interface which can be used to aggregate " "multiple network interfaces into one virtual interface in order to provide " @@ -4371,7 +4386,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π· ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1674 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1682 msgid "" "The aggregation protocols supported by the lagg interface determine which " "ports are used for outgoing traffic and whether or not a specific port " @@ -4383,13 +4398,13 @@ msgstr "" "входящий Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ. Π’ man:lagg[4] ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹:" #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1675 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1683 #, no-wrap msgid "failover" msgstr "failover" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1680 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1688 msgid "" "This mode sends and receives traffic only through the master port. If the " "master port becomes unavailable, the next active port is used. The first " @@ -4406,13 +4421,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ снова становится основным, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ становится доступным." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1681 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1689 #, no-wrap msgid "loadbalance" msgstr "loadbalance" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1684 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1692 msgid "" "This provides a static setup and does not negotiate aggregation with the " "peer or exchange frames to monitor the link. If the switch supports LACP, " @@ -4423,13 +4438,13 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ LACP, слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1685 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1693 #, no-wrap msgid "lacp" msgstr "lacp" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1690 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1698 msgid "" "The IEEE(R) 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) negotiates a " "set of aggregable links with the peer into one or more Link Aggregated " @@ -4448,7 +4463,7 @@ msgstr "" "физичСской связности LACP быстро сходится ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1693 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1701 msgid "" "LACP balances outgoing traffic across the active ports based on hashed " "protocol header information and accepts incoming traffic from any active " @@ -4461,13 +4476,13 @@ msgstr "" "Ссли доступно, Ρ‚Π΅Π³ VLAN ΠΈ исходный ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ IPv4 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ IPv6 адрСса." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1694 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1702 #, no-wrap msgid "roundrobin" msgstr "roundrobin" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1697 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1705 msgid "" "This mode distributes outgoing traffic using a round-robin scheduler through " "all active ports and accepts incoming traffic from any active port. Since " @@ -4479,13 +4494,13 @@ msgstr "" "слСдуСт ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ." #. type: Labeled list -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1698 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1706 #, no-wrap msgid "broadcast" msgstr "broadcast" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1700 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1708 msgid "" "This mode sends outgoing traffic to all ports configured on the lagg " "interface, and receives frames on any port." @@ -4494,13 +4509,13 @@ msgstr "" "интСрфСйсС lagg, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€Ρ‹ Π½Π° любом ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρƒ." #. type: Title === -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1701 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1709 #, no-wrap msgid "Configuration Examples" msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1705 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1713 msgid "" "This section demonstrates how to configure a Cisco(R) switch and a FreeBSD " "system for LACP load balancing. It then shows how to configure two Ethernet " @@ -4513,13 +4528,13 @@ msgstr "" "отказоустойчивости ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ethernet ΠΈ бСспроводным интСрфСйсом." #. type: Block title -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1707 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1715 #, no-wrap msgid "LACP Aggregation with a Cisco(R) Switch" msgstr "АгрСгация ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² с использованиСм LACP ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Cisco(R)" #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1713 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1721 msgid "" "This example connects two man:fxp[4] Ethernet interfaces on a FreeBSD " "machine to the first two Ethernet ports on a Cisco(R) switch as a single " @@ -4537,7 +4552,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ." #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1716 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1724 msgid "" "Frame ordering is mandatory on Ethernet links and any traffic between two " "stations always flows over the same physical link, limiting the maximum " @@ -4553,7 +4568,7 @@ msgstr "" "ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ доступными интСрфСйсами." #. type: delimited block = 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1718 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1726 msgid "" "On the Cisco(R) switch, add the _FastEthernet0/1_ and _FastEthernet0/2_ " "interfaces to channel group _1_:" @@ -4562,7 +4577,7 @@ msgstr "" "_FastEthernet0/2_ Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² _1_:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1728 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1736 #, no-wrap msgid "" "interface FastEthernet0/1\n" @@ -4582,7 +4597,7 @@ msgstr "" " channel-protocol lacp\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1731 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1739 msgid "" "On the FreeBSD system, create the man:lagg[4] interface using the physical " "interfaces _fxp0_ and _fxp1_ and bring the interfaces up with an IP address " @@ -4593,7 +4608,7 @@ msgstr "" "_10.0.0.3/24_:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1738 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1746 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# ifconfig fxp0 up\n" @@ -4607,12 +4622,12 @@ msgstr "" "# ifconfig lagg0 up laggproto lacp laggport fxp0 laggport fxp1 10.0.0.3/24\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1741 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1749 msgid "Next, verify the status of the virtual interface:" msgstr "Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ состояниС Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ интСрфСйса:" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1754 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1762 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# ifconfig lagg0\n" @@ -4638,7 +4653,7 @@ msgstr "" " laggport: fxp0 flags=1c\n" #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1759 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1767 msgid "" "Ports marked as `ACTIVE` are part of the LAG that has been negotiated with " "the remote switch. Traffic will be transmitted and received through these " @@ -4646,16 +4661,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `ACTIVE`, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ LAG, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» согласован " "с ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· эти Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΈ " -"ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ `-v` ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊ. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ `-v` ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ " "ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ LAG." #. type: Plain text -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1761 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1769 msgid "To see the port status on the Cisco(R) switch:" msgstr "Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ статус ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Cisco(R):" #. type: delimited block . 4 -#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1768 +#: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/advanced-networking/_index.adoc:1776 #, no-wrap msgid "" "switch# show lacp neighbor\n" @@ -4669,19 +4684,19 @@ msgstr "" " A - Device is in Active mode P - Device is in Passive mode\n" *** 22097 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 12:07:09 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYcR21XqXz6Vhsj for ; 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Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:07:10 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 30bf4 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:07:09 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Vladlen Popolitov Subject: git: 5d39c99536 - main - update translation of books/porters-handbook to Russian List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: vladlen X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 5d39c99536a07b73a86aed2c847d86be281953d5 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 12:07:09 +0000 Message-Id: <69b6a0ed.30bf4.534b60fa@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by vladlen: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=5d39c99536a07b73a86aed2c847d86be281953d5 commit 5d39c99536a07b73a86aed2c847d86be281953d5 Author: Vladlen Popolitov AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 12:06:54 +0000 Commit: Vladlen Popolitov CommitDate: 2026-03-15 12:06:54 +0000 update translation of books/porters-handbook to Russian Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D55727 --- .../content/ru/books/porters-handbook/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc | 44 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.po | 3471 ++--- .../books/porters-handbook/pkg-files/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/pkg-files/_index.po | 6 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/plist/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/plist/_index.po | 6 +- .../porters-handbook/porting-dads/_index.adoc | 16 +- .../books/porters-handbook/porting-dads/_index.po | 168 +- .../porters-handbook/porting-samplem/_index.adoc | 4 +- .../porters-handbook/porting-samplem/_index.po | 6 +- .../books/porters-handbook/porting-why/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../books/porters-handbook/porting-why/_index.po | 8 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/security/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/security/_index.po | 31 +- .../porters-handbook/slow-porting/_index.adoc | 10 +- .../books/porters-handbook/slow-porting/_index.po | 14 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.adoc | 44 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.po | 91 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/testing/_index.adoc | 6 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/testing/_index.po | 10 +- .../books/porters-handbook/upgrading/_index.adoc | 2 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/upgrading/_index.po | 4 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.adoc | 55 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.po | 2567 ++-- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/versions/_index.adoc | 278 +- .../ru/books/porters-handbook/versions/_index.po | 13378 ++++++++++--------- 27 files changed, 10917 insertions(+), 9324 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/_index.adoc index 111bca0658..a84e84bf63 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/_index.adoc @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ authors: - author: 'The FreeBSD Documentation Project' bookOrder: 15 -copyright: '2000-2023 The FreeBSD Documentation Project' +copyright: '2000-2026 The FreeBSD Documentation Project' description: 'ΠžΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Ссли Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ стороннСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС' next: books/porters-handbook/porting-why params: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc index 70d26de925..92fcac3f4a 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ PORTREVISION= 1 `PKGNAME` ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ `gtkmumble-0.10_1` -Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° новая вСрсия ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ `0.2` (оказываСтся, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `0.10` Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ `0.1.0`, Π° Π½Π΅ "Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ послС 0.9" β€” ΡƒΠ²Ρ‹, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΎ). ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ новая минорная вСрсия `2` числСнно мСньшС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ вСрсии `10`, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `PORTEPOCH`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ". Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика, `PORTREVISION` сбрасываСтся Π΄ΠΎ 0 (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ удаляСтся ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#Makefile#). +Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° новая вСрсия ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ `0.2` (оказываСтся, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `0.10` Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ `0.1.0`, Π° Π½Π΅ "Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ послС 0.9" β€” ΡƒΠ²Ρ‹, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΎ). ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ новая минорная вСрсия `2` числСнно мСньшС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ вСрсии `10`, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `PORTEPOCH`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ". Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика, `PORTREVISION` сбрасываСтся Π΄ΠΎ 0 (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ удаляСтся ΠΈΠ· [.filename]#Makefile#). [.programlisting] .... @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ FreeBSD стрСмится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ язык сво БущСствуСт традиция Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ `Perl 5`, добавляя прСфикс `p5-` ΠΈ замСняя Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ двоСточия Π½Π° дСфис. НапримСр, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ `Data::Dumper` становится `p5-Data-Dumper`. [[porting-pkgname-compiled-specifics]] [.filename]#-compiled.specifics#:: -Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ собран с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ crossref:makefiles[makefile-masterdir,ТСстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ значСниями ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ] (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° Π² сСмСйствС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²), Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _-compiled.specifics_ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ скомпилированныС значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ДСфис являСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ измСрСния ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². +Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ собран с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ crossref:makefiles[makefile-masterdir,Тёстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ значСниями ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ] (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° Π² сСмСйствС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²), Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _-compiled.specifics_ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ скомпилированныС значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ДСфис являСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ измСрСния ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². + Π§Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _-compiled.specifics_ задаётся Π² `PKGNAMESUFFIX`. @@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ FreeBSD стрСмится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ язык сво |(пусто) |1.0.2 | -|НСт ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π² Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ рСгистрС для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ +|НСт ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π² Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ рСгистрС для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ |rdist-1.3alpha |(пусто) @@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ FreeBSD стрСмится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ язык сво |-letter |1.13 | -|Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ ТСстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎ врСмя сборки ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π° +|Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ Тёстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎ врСмя сборки ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π° |pkfonts |(пусто) @@ -606,6 +606,10 @@ FreeBSD стрСмится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ язык сво |ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. | +|[.filename]#budgie#`*` +|ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС со срСдой Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ стола Budgie. +| + |[.filename]#cad# |ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ срСдства Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ проСктирования. | @@ -974,7 +978,7 @@ FreeBSD стрСмится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ язык сво * [.filename]#x11# ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ вторичная катСгория Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² случаС, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° основной ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ СстСствСнный язык. Π’ частности, Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ [.filename]#x11# Π² строкС ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ для X-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. * Π Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ Emacs Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ, Π° Π½Π΅ Π² [.filename]#editors#. НапримСр, Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Emacs для рСдактирования исходных Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ языка программирования ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² [.filename]#lang#. * ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ядра, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ [.filename]#kld# Π² строкС `CATEGORIES`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ, автоматичСски ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ `USES=kmod`. -* [.filename]#misc# Π½Π΅ встрСчаСтся вмСстС с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ катСгориями. Если `misc` ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ вмСстС с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π² `CATEGORIES`, это ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `misc` ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ бСзопасно ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. +* [.filename]#misc# Π½Π΅ встрСчаСтся вмСстС с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ катСгориями. Если `misc` ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ вмСстС с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π² `CATEGORIES`, это ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `misc` ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ бСзопасно ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. * Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° большС, помСститС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#misc#. Если катСгория Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ, поТалуйста, ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ это Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ https://bugs.freebsd.org/submit/[ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°] Π² Π±Π°Π³-Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. Как ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ сообщСниС Π² рассылку {freebsd-ports}, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΌΡ‹ сначала обсудили это. Блишком часто Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ, послС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… сразу ΠΆΠ΅ приходится ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. @@ -986,7 +990,7 @@ FreeBSD стрСмится ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ язык сво Наша тСкущая ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ создания Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ физичСской ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ большоС количСство ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² логичСски ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΉ относятся, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой логичСски ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ интСрСс (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, связанныС с Ρ€Π°Π·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ чСловСчСскими языками), ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±Π° условия ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. -ОбоснованиС этого Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ создаСт extref:{committers-guide}[Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ объСм Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, ports] ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ измСнСния Π² ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ измСнСния ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ споры. (Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, это связано с отсутствиСм Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ консСнсуса ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° катСгория становится «слишком большой», Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ удобству просмотра (ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ Π±Ρ‹ Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ), ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅.) +ОбоснованиС этого Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ создаСт extref:{committers-guide}[Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, ports] ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ для ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для всСх ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ измСнСния Π² ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ измСнСния ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ споры. (Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, это связано с отсутствиСм Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ консСнсуса ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° катСгория становится «слишком большой», Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ удобству просмотра (ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ количСство ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ Π±Ρ‹ Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ), ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅.) Π’ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π°: @@ -1792,7 +1796,7 @@ GL_PROJECT= bar GL_COMMIT= 9c1669ce60c3f4f5eb43df874d7314483fb3f8a6 .... -Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ установлСно `MASTER_SITES` Π² `"https://gitlab.example.com"` ΠΈ `WRKSRC` Π² `${WRKDIR}/bar-9c1669ce60c3f4f5eb43df874d7314483fb3f8a6-9c1669ce60c3f4f5eb43df874d7314483fb3f8a6`. +Π’ Π½Ρ‘ΠΌ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ установлСно `MASTER_SITES` Π² `"https://gitlab.example.com"` ΠΈ `WRKSRC` Π² `${WRKDIR}/bar-9c1669ce60c3f4f5eb43df874d7314483fb3f8a6-9c1669ce60c3f4f5eb43df874d7314483fb3f8a6`. [TIP] ====== @@ -1836,7 +1840,7 @@ USE_GITLAB= nodefault [IMPORTANT] ==== -ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании `USE_GITLAB=nodefault`, [.filename]#Makefile# Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `DISTFILES` Π² своСм crossref:makefiles[porting-order-portname,Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ΅]. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ: +ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании `USE_GITLAB=nodefault`, [.filename]#Makefile# Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `DISTFILES` Π² своём crossref:makefiles[porting-order-portname,Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ΅]. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ: [.programlisting] .... @@ -2242,7 +2246,7 @@ PATCHFILES= patch1:test ==== [[port-master-sites-n-what-changed]] -==== Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ мСняСтся для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²? Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ остаСтся Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ? +==== Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ мСняСтся для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²? Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ остаётся Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ? [lowerroman] . ВсС Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Ѐункция `MASTER_SITES:n` активируСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ элСмСнтов с постфиксом `:__n__`, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ синтаксичСским ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌ, Π² частности, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π΅ crossref:makefiles[porting-master-sites-n-group-semantics, 7]. @@ -2290,7 +2294,7 @@ PATCHFILES= patch1:test АвтоматичСскоС согласованиС для Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² примСняСтся ΠΊ исправлСниям, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ измСнСния инфраструктуры, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ _ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ_ исправлСниям сборки ΠΈ выполнСния. Π’Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ список доступСн Π² extref:{committers-guide}[Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Руководства ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, ports-qa-misc-blanket-approval]. ==== -Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ внСсСниСм. Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° запрос ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… нСдСль (Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ основных государствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²), это считаСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ оТидания ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ внСсСно Π±Π΅Π· Π΅Π³ΠΎ явного одобрСния. Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… мСсяцСв ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ссли ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ оТидания, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ считаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Π ΈΡ, ΠΈ всС Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ». Π˜ΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдаСмыС {portmgr} ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ {security-officer}. НикакиС нСсанкционированныС измСнСния Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ внСсСны Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдаСмыС этими Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. +Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ измСнСния Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ внСсСниСм. Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° запрос ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… нСдСль (Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ основных государствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²), это считаСтся ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ оТидания ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ внСсСно Π±Π΅Π· Π΅Π³ΠΎ явного одобрСния. Если ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ… мСсяцСв ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ссли ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ оТидания, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ считаСтся ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Π ΈΡ, ΠΈ всС Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ». Π˜ΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдаСмыС {portmgr} ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ {security-officer}. НикакиС нСсанкционированныС измСнСния Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ внСсСны Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, сопровоТдаСмыС этими Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠœΡ‹ оставляСм Π·Π° собой ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСнныС ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΡŽ ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π±Π΅Π· явного одобрСния отправитСля ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ инфраструктурныС измСнСния ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ привСсти ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Π±Π΅Π· согласия ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. @@ -2353,11 +2357,11 @@ WWW= https://sourceforge.net/projects/mpd/ ΠšΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ, Ссли примСняСтся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ. -Если это ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ, пСрСчислСнных Π² crossref:makefiles[licenses-license-list,ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ], ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ `LICENSE_FILE` ΠΈ `LICENSE_DISTFILES`. +Если это ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ, пСрСчислСнных Π² crossref:makefiles[licenses-license-list,ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ], ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ `LICENSE_FILE` ΠΈ `LICENSE_DISTFILES`. Если это лицСнзия, которая Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (см. crossref:makefiles[licenses-license-list,Бписок ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ]), Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `LICENSE_PERMS` ΠΈ `LICENSE_NAME`, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ `LICENSE_FILE` ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ `LICENSE_TEXT`. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ `LICENSE_DISTFILES` ΠΈ `LICENSE_GROUPS`, Π½ΠΎ это Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. -ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² crossref:makefiles[licenses-license-list,Бписок ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ]. Π’Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ список всСгда доступСн Π² [.filename]#Mk/bsd.licenses.db.mk#. +ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² crossref:makefiles[licenses-license-list,Бписок ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ]. Π’Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ список всСгда доступСн Π² [.filename]#Mk/bsd.licenses.db.mk#. [[licenses-license-ex1]] .ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠ΅Π΅ использованиС, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ @@ -2384,7 +2388,7 @@ LICENSE_FILE= ${WRKSRC}/COPYING Для ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ: `dist-mirror dist-sell pkg-mirror pkg-sell auto-accept`. [[licenses-license-list]] -.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ +.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ список Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ [cols="1,1,1,1", frame="none", options="header"] |=== | ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ имя @@ -2963,7 +2967,7 @@ LICENSE_PERMS_WARSOW= dist-mirror pkg-mirror auto-accept Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ лицСнзия. -.Бписок ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ +.Бписок ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΉ [[licenses-license_groups-FSF]] `FSF`:: ΠžΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎ Free Software Foundation, см. https://www.fsf.org/licensing/[Команда ΠΏΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡŽ FSF]. @@ -3138,7 +3142,7 @@ PORTSCOUT= skipv:8.2,8.3 PORTSCOUT= ignore:1 .... -* Когда Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ distfile. НапримСр, Ссли Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ _0.6.4_, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ совмСстимости с FreeBSD, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅: +* Когда Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ distfile. НапримСр, Ссли Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ _0.6.4_, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ совмСстимости с FreeBSD, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅: + [.programlisting] .... @@ -3155,7 +3159,7 @@ PORTSCOUT= site:http://www.renpy.org/dl/release/ [[makefile-depend]] == Зависимости -МногиС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ удобная ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° Unix-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ FreeBSD. НСсколько ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ вмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ нуТдаСтся. БущСствуСт сСмь ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для обСспСчСния наличия всСх Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° машинС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ зависимостСй для распространСнных случаСв ΠΈ нСсколько Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… для управлСния Π ΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ зависимостСй. +МногиС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ удобная ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° Unix-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ FreeBSD. НСсколько ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ вмСсто Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ эту Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ нуТдаСтся. БущСствуСт сСмь ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для обСспСчСния наличия всСх Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° машинС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Ρ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ зависимостСй для распространённых случаСв ΠΈ нСсколько Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… для управлСния Π ΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ зависимостСй. [IMPORTANT] ==== @@ -4638,7 +4642,7 @@ NO_WRKSUBDIR= yes `CONFLICTS`:: Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ собран, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ установлСн ΠΈ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° `CONFLICTS` выполняСтся Π΄ΠΎ этапа сборки ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ этапа установки. -ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ элСмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π² значСниях ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… `CONFLICTS*` сопоставляСтся с ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ(ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ собираСтся) с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» раскрытия шаблонов ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ shell. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Π² спискС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² вмСсто нСобходимости ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ собираСмый Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ· этого списка. НапримСр, Ссли установлСн git-lite, `CONFLICTS_INSTALL=git git-lite` ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ: +ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ элСмСнт, Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π² значСниях ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… `CONFLICTS*` сопоставляСтся с ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ(ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ собираСтся) с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» раскрытия шаблонов ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ shell. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Π² спискС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² вмСсто нСобходимости ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ собираСмый Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ· этого списка. НапримСр, Ссли установлСн git-lite, `CONFLICTS_INSTALL=git git-lite` ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ: [source, shell] .... % make -C devel/git FLAVOR=lite all deinstall install @@ -4685,7 +4689,7 @@ CONFLICTS_INSTALL= bind99 ==== -Иногда Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° нСсовмСстимы. Π’ этом случаС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ имя ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ нСобходимости ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ подстановочныС символы шаблонов ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `*` ΠΈ `?`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ вСрсии. +Иногда Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ вСрсии Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° нСсовмСстимы. Π’ этом случаС ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ имя ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠΈΡŽ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ нСобходимости ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ подстановочныС символы шаблонов ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ `*` ΠΈ `?`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ всС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ вСрсии. [[conflicts-ex2]] .ИспользованиС `CONFLICTS*` с шаблонами ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ². @@ -4855,7 +4859,7 @@ post-install: %%PORTDOCS%%%%DOCSDIR%%/CONTACT .... -Π’ качСствС Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² [.filename]#pkg-plist#, ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ `PORTDOCS` Π² список ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ шаблонов ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² shell для добавлСния Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ИмСна Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΊ `DOCSDIR`. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ `PORTDOCS` ΠΈ нСстандартноС располоТСниС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `DOCSDIR`. Если Π² `PORTDOCS` ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ соотвСтствуСт ΡˆΠ°Π±Π»ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· этой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, всё ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ содСрТащихся Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ зарСгистрировано Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ спискС ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Если опция `DOCS` ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Π°, Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, пСрСчислСнныС Π² `PORTDOCS`, Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ установлСны ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² список ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Установка Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² `PORTDOCS`, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, остаётся Π½Π° усмотрСниС самого ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ использования `PORTDOCS`: +Π’ качСствС Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² [.filename]#pkg-plist#, ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ `PORTDOCS` Π² список ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ шаблонов ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² shell для добавлСния Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ список ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ИмСна Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΊ `DOCSDIR`. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ `PORTDOCS` ΠΈ нСстандартноС располоТСниС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `DOCSDIR`. Если Π² `PORTDOCS` ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ соотвСтствуСт ΡˆΠ°Π±Π»ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈΠ· этой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, всё ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ содСрТащихся Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ зарСгистрировано Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ спискС ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Если опция `DOCS` ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½Π°, Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, пСрСчислСнныС Π² `PORTDOCS`, Π½Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ установлСны ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² список ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Установка Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² `PORTDOCS`, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, остаётся Π½Π° усмотрСниС самого ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ использования `PORTDOCS`: [.programlisting] .... @@ -4899,7 +4903,7 @@ BINARY_ALIAS= sed=gsed ==== [[binary-alias-ex2]] -.ИспользованиС `BINARY_ALIAS` для создания псСвдонимов ТСстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ `python3` +.ИспользованиС `BINARY_ALIAS` для создания псСвдонимов Тёстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ `python3` [example] ==== ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Тёсткая ссылка Π½Π° `python3` Π² скриптах сборки, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ наличия Π² `PATH` Π²ΠΎ врСмя сборки. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠΉΡ‚Π΅ `BINARY_ALIAS` для создания псСвдонима, ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» Python 3: diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.po index eb81de6df9..fb7edfa53d 100644 --- a/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.po +++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.po @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. -# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025. +# Vladlen Popolitov , 2025, 2026. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-11-08 16:17+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-11-12 04:45+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-22 15:58+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2026-03-05 13:41+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" @@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Π° новая вСрсия ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ `0.2` (оказываСтся, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ " "ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ `0.10` Π½Π° самом Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ `0.1.0`, Π° Π½Π΅ " -"\"Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ послС 0.9\" β€” ΡƒΠ²Ρ‹, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΎ). ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ новая " +"\"Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‘Ρ‚ послС 0.9\" β€” ΡƒΠ²Ρ‹, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΎ). ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ новая " "минорная вСрсия `2` числСнно мСньшС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ вСрсии `10`, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ " "ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ `PORTEPOCH`, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСму Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ " "ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ \"Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ\". Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ это Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ поставщика, " @@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@ msgid "" "defaults. The hyphen is optional. Examples are paper size and font units." msgstr "" "Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ собран с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ crossref:makefiles[makefile-" -"masterdir,ТСстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ значСниями ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ] (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ " +"masterdir,Тёстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ значСниями ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ] (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ это Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ " "ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° Π² сСмСйствС ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²), Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ _-compiled.specifics_ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ " "скомпилированныС значСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ДСфис являСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. " "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ измСрСния ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²." @@ -1440,7 +1440,7 @@ msgstr "1.0.2" #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:526 #, no-wrap msgid "No uppercase names for single programs" -msgstr "НСт ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π² Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ рСгистрС для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ" +msgstr "НСт ΠΈΠΌΡ‘Π½ Π² Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Π΅ΠΌ рСгистрС для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:527 @@ -1654,7 +1654,7 @@ msgstr "1.13" #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:598 #, no-wrap msgid "Paper size hardcoded at package build time" -msgstr "Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ ТСстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎ врСмя сборки ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°" +msgstr "Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ Тёстко Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎ врСмя сборки ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:599 @@ -1710,7 +1710,7 @@ msgstr "ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:620 -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:4866 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:4870 #, no-wrap msgid "`CATEGORIES`" msgstr "`CATEGORIES`" @@ -1728,11 +1728,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠ½ помСщаСтся Π² [.filename]#/usr/ports/packages/All#, ΠΈ " "ссылки Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ… [.filename]#/" -"usr/ports/packages#. ИмСна этих ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ `CATEGORIES`" -". Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ для облСгчСния поиска ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ " -"просмотрС большого количСства ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° FTP-сайтС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ CDROM. ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, " -"ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с crossref:makefiles[porting-categories,Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ списком " -"ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ] ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ подходящиС для Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°." +"usr/ports/packages#. ИмСна этих ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ " +"`CATEGORIES`. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ для облСгчСния поиска ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ " +"ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ просмотрС большого количСства ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° FTP-сайтС ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ CDROM. " +"ΠŸΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡƒΠΉΡΡ‚Π°, ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡŒΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ с crossref:makefiles[porting-categories,Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ " +"списком ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ] ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ подходящиС для Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°." #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:630 @@ -1784,8 +1784,8 @@ msgstr "ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:648 -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:1477 -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:1886 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:1481 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:1890 #, no-wrap msgid "Description" msgstr "ОписаниС" @@ -1895,1151 +1895,1163 @@ msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с Π± #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:683 #, no-wrap +msgid "[.filename]#budgie#`*`" +msgstr "[.filename]#budgie#`*`" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:684 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Software related to the Budgie desktop environment." +msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС со срСдой Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ стола Budgie." + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:687 +#, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#cad#" msgstr "[.filename]#cad#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:684 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:688 #, no-wrap msgid "Computer aided design tools." msgstr "ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ срСдства Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ проСктирования." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:687 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:691 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#chinese#" msgstr "[.filename]#chinese#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:688 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:692 #, no-wrap msgid "Chinese language support." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° китайского языка." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:691 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:695 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#comms#" msgstr "[.filename]#comms#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:692 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:696 #, no-wrap msgid "Communication software." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС для связи." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:694 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:698 #, no-wrap msgid "Mostly software to talk to the serial port." msgstr "Π’ основном ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС для Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:695 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:699 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#converters#" msgstr "[.filename]#converters#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:696 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:700 #, no-wrap msgid "Character code converters." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:699 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:703 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#databases#" msgstr "[.filename]#databases#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:700 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:704 #, no-wrap msgid "Databases." msgstr "Π‘Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:703 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:707 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#deskutils#" msgstr "[.filename]#deskutils#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:704 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:708 #, no-wrap msgid "Things that used to be on the desktop before computers were invented." msgstr "Π’Π΅Ρ‰ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ столС Π΄ΠΎ изобрСтСния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:707 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:711 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#devel#" msgstr "[.filename]#devel#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:708 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:712 #, no-wrap msgid "Development utilities." msgstr "БрСдства Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:710 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:714 #, no-wrap msgid "Do not put libraries here just because they are libraries. They should _not_ be in this category unless they truly do not belong anywhere else." msgstr "НС Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ здСсь Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Они _Π½Π΅_ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² этой ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, Ссли Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ подходят Π½ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ΄Π° большС." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:711 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:715 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#dns#" msgstr "[.filename]#dns#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:712 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:716 #, no-wrap msgid "DNS-related software." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с DNS." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:715 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:719 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#docs#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#docs#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:716 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:720 #, no-wrap msgid "Meta-ports for FreeBSD documentation." msgstr "ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π°-ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ для Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ FreeBSD." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:719 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:723 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#editors#" msgstr "[.filename]#editors#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:720 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:724 #, no-wrap msgid "General editors." msgstr "ΠžΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:722 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:726 #, no-wrap msgid "Specialized editors go in the section for those tools. For example, a mathematical-formula editor will go in [.filename]#math#, and have [.filename]#editors# as a second category." msgstr "Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… инструмСнтов. НапримСр, Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ матСматичСских Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ» Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Ρ‘Π½ Π² [.filename]#math#, Π° [.filename]#editors# Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ для Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:723 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:727 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#education#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#education#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:724 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:728 #, no-wrap msgid "Education-related software." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС для образования." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:726 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:730 #, no-wrap msgid "This includes applications, utilities, or games primarily or substantially designed to help the user learn a specific topic or study in general. It also includes course-writing applications, course-delivery applications, and classroom or school management applications" msgstr "Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ прилоТСния, ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Ρ‹, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни для ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сюда входят прилоТСния для создания курсов, прилоТСния для прСдоставлСния курсов ΠΈ прилоТСния для управлСния классом ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ школой" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:727 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:731 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#elisp#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#elisp#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:728 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:732 #, no-wrap msgid "Emacs-lisp ports." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Emacs-lisp." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:731 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:735 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#emulators#" msgstr "[.filename]#emulators#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:732 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:736 #, no-wrap msgid "Emulators for other operating systems." msgstr "Эмуляторы Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:734 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:738 #, no-wrap msgid "Terminal emulators do _not_ belong here. X-based ones go to [.filename]#x11# and text-based ones to either [.filename]#comms# or [.filename]#misc#, depending on the exact functionality." msgstr "Π’Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ эмуляторы _Π½Π΅_ относятся сюда. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° X ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π² [.filename]#x11#, Π° тСкстовыС β€” Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#comms#, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#misc#, Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:735 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:739 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#enlightenment#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#enlightenment#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:736 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:740 #, no-wrap msgid "Ports related to the Enlightenment window manager." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹, связанныС с ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Enlightenment." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:739 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:743 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#filesystems#" msgstr "[.filename]#filesystems#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:740 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:744 #, no-wrap msgid "File systems and related utilities." msgstr "Π€Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы ΠΈ связанныС ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:743 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:747 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#finance#" msgstr "[.filename]#finance#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:744 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:748 #, no-wrap msgid "Monetary, financial and related applications." msgstr "ΠœΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅, финансовыС ΠΈ связанныС с Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ прилоТСния." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:747 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:751 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#french#" msgstr "[.filename]#french#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:748 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:752 #, no-wrap msgid "French language support." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° французского языка." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:751 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:755 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#ftp#" msgstr "[.filename]#ftp#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:752 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:756 #, no-wrap msgid "FTP client and server utilities." msgstr "ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ сСрвСрныС ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ FTP." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:754 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:758 #, no-wrap msgid "If the port speaks both FTP and HTTP, put it in [.filename]#ftp# with a secondary category of [.filename]#www#." msgstr "Если ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ FTP, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ HTTP, помСститС Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² [.filename]#ftp# с Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ [.filename]#www#." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:755 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:759 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#games#" msgstr "[.filename]#games#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:756 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:760 #, no-wrap msgid "Games." msgstr "Π˜Π³Ρ€Ρ‹." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:759 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:763 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#geography#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#гСография#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:760 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:764 #, no-wrap msgid "Geography-related software." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:763 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:767 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#german#" msgstr "[.filename]#german#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:764 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:768 #, no-wrap msgid "German language support." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ†ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ языка." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:767 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:771 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#gnome#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#gnome#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:768 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:772 #, no-wrap msgid "Ports from the https://www.gnome.org/[GNOME] Project." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° https://www.gnome.org/[GNOME]." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:771 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:775 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#gnustep#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#gnustep#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:772 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:776 #, no-wrap msgid "Software related to the GNUstep desktop environment." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС со срСдой Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ стола GNUstep." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:775 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:779 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#graphics#" msgstr "[.filename]#graphics#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:776 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:780 #, no-wrap msgid "Graphics utilities." msgstr "ГрафичСскиС ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:779 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:783 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#hamradio#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#hamradio#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:780 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:784 #, no-wrap msgid "Software for amateur radio." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС для Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:783 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:787 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#haskell#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#haskell#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:784 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:788 #, no-wrap msgid "Software related to the Haskell language." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с языком Haskell." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:787 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:791 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#hebrew#" msgstr "[.filename]#hebrew#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:788 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:792 #, no-wrap msgid "Hebrew language support." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ²Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:791 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:795 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#hungarian#" msgstr "[.filename]#hungarian#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:792 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:796 #, no-wrap msgid "Hungarian language support." msgstr "ВСнгСрская языковая ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ°." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:795 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:799 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#irc#" msgstr "[.filename]#irc#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:796 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:800 #, no-wrap msgid "Internet Relay Chat utilities." msgstr "Π£Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Internet Relay Chat." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:799 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:803 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#japanese#" msgstr "[.filename]#japanese#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:800 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:804 #, no-wrap msgid "Japanese language support." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° японского языка." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:803 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:807 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#java#" msgstr "[.filename]#java#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:804 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:808 #, no-wrap msgid "Software related to the Java(TM) language." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с языком Java(TM)." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:806 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:810 #, no-wrap msgid "The [.filename]#java# category must not be the only one for a port. Save for ports directly related to the Java language, porters are also encouraged not to use [.filename]#java# as the main category of a port." msgstr "ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ [.filename]#java# Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ СдинствСнной для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Π—Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², нСпосрСдствСнно связанных с языком Java, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ рСкомСндуСтся Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ [.filename]#java# Π² качСствС основной ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:807 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:811 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#kde#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#kde#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:808 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:812 #, no-wrap msgid "Ports from the https://www.kde.org/[KDE] Project (generic)." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° https://www.kde.org/[KDE] (ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅)." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:811 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:815 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#kde-applications#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#kde-прилоТСния#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:812 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:816 #, no-wrap msgid "Applications from the https://www.kde.org/[KDE] Project." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° https://www.kde.org/[KDE]." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:815 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:819 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#kde-frameworks#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#kde-frameworks#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:816 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:820 #, no-wrap msgid "Add-on libraries from the https://www.kde.org/[KDE] Project for programming with Qt." msgstr "Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° https://www.kde.org/[KDE] для программирования с использованиСм Qt." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:819 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:823 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#kde-plasma#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#kde-plasma#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:820 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:824 #, no-wrap msgid "Desktop from the https://www.kde.org/[KDE] Project." msgstr "Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ стол ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° https://www.kde.org/[KDE]." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:823 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:827 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#kld#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#kld#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:824 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:828 #, no-wrap msgid "Kernel loadable modules." msgstr "Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ядра." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:827 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:831 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#korean#" msgstr "[.filename]#korean#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:828 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:832 #, no-wrap msgid "Korean language support." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° корСйского языка." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:831 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:835 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#lang#" msgstr "[.filename]#lang#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:832 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:836 #, no-wrap msgid "Programming languages." msgstr "Π―Π·Ρ‹ΠΊΠΈ программирования." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:835 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:839 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#linux#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#linux#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:836 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:840 #, no-wrap msgid "Linux applications and support utilities." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Linux." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:839 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:843 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#lisp#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#lisp#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:840 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:844 #, no-wrap msgid "Software related to the Lisp language." msgstr "ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС, связанноС с языком Lisp." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:843 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:847 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#mail#" msgstr "[.filename]#mail#" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:844 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:848 #, no-wrap msgid "Mail software." msgstr "ΠŸΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ обСспСчСниС." #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:847 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:851 #, no-wrap msgid "[.filename]#mate#`*`" msgstr "[.filename]#mate#`*`" #. type: Table -#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:848 +#: documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/makefiles/_index.adoc:852 #, no-wrap msgid "Ports related to the MATE desktop environment, a fork of GNOME 2." *** 62386 LINES SKIPPED *** From nobody Sun Mar 15 18:15:05 2026 X-Original-To: dev-commits-doc-all@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYmbg3KlPz6VC1B for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 18:15:11 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:3]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org", Issuer "R12" (not verified)) by 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eagiZn7lrnZmdyXo9V6aK967znnSO4AuuPA7MF7nbUwag9Ux3Vv0y2nd4HrrwA== Received: from gitrepo.freebsd.org (gitrepo.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:6068::e6a:5]) by mxrelay.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4fYmbg29ytz10gy for ; Sun, 15 Mar 2026 18:15:11 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) Received: from git (uid 1279) (envelope-from git@FreeBSD.org) id 30a37 by gitrepo.freebsd.org (DragonFly Mail Agent v0.13+ on gitrepo.freebsd.org); Sun, 15 Mar 2026 18:15:05 +0000 To: doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org From: Fernando Apeste=?utf-8?Q?gu=C3=ADa?= Subject: git: 5964bc61be - main - [phb]: Remove openjdk20 List-Id: Commit messages for all branches of the doc repository List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/dev-commits-doc-all List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: dev-commits-doc-all@freebsd.org Sender: owner-dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Git-Committer: fernape X-Git-Repository: doc X-Git-Refname: refs/heads/main X-Git-Reftype: branch X-Git-Commit: 5964bc61bef34605eba44e92d1b469bd0bccb16b Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2026 18:15:05 +0000 Message-Id: <69b6f729.30a37.76498f7f@gitrepo.freebsd.org> The branch main has been updated by fernape: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=5964bc61bef34605eba44e92d1b469bd0bccb16b commit 5964bc61bef34605eba44e92d1b469bd0bccb16b Author: Fernando ApesteguΓ­a AuthorDate: 2026-03-15 13:23:26 +0000 Commit: Fernando ApesteguΓ­a CommitDate: 2026-03-15 18:14:50 +0000 [phb]: Remove openjdk20 Following https://cgit.freebsd.org/ports/commit/?id=b755eb71ca97b704bf95d683d5c5f58c90944f19 --- documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.adoc | 2 +- documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.adoc | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.adoc index 9501ff8ef3..7f626f65a7 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/special/_index.adoc @@ -3191,7 +3191,7 @@ If the port needs a Java(TM) Development Kit (JDK(TM)) to either build, run or e There are several JDKs in the ports collection, from various vendors, and in several versions. If the port must use a particular version, specify it using the `JAVA_VERSION` variable. -The most current version is package:java/openjdk25[], with package:java/openjdk24[], package:java/openjdk23[], package:java/openjdk22[], package:java/openjdk21[], package:java/openjdk20[], package:java/openjdk17[], package:java/openjdk11[], and package:java/openjdk8[], also available. +The most current version is package:java/openjdk25[], with package:java/openjdk24[], package:java/openjdk23[], package:java/openjdk22[], package:java/openjdk21[], package:java/openjdk17[], package:java/openjdk11[], and package:java/openjdk8[], also available. [[using-java-variables]] .Variables Which May be Set by Ports That Use Java diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.adoc index 191763816b..a127199100 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/books/porters-handbook/uses/_index.adoc @@ -1327,7 +1327,7 @@ The framework provides the following variables to be set by the port: `JAVA_VERSION`:: List of space-separated suitable java versions for the port. An optional `\+` allows specifying a range of versions. (allowed values `8[+]`, `11[\+]`, -`17[+]`, `18[\+]`, `19[+]`, `20[\+]`, `21[+]`, `22[\+]`, `23[+]`, `24[\+]`, `25[+]`) +`17[+]`, `18[\+]`, `19[+]`, `21[+]`, `22[\+]`, `23[+]`, `24[\+]`, `25[+]`) `JAVA_OS`:: List of space-separated suitable JDK port operating systems for the port.