From owner-freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG Wed Oct 28 15:52:46 2009 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2001:4f8:fff6::34]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 25BEA10656A8 for ; Wed, 28 Oct 2009 15:52:46 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd-questions@m.gmane.org) Received: from lo.gmane.org (lo.gmane.org [80.91.229.12]) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id A43398FC0A for ; Wed, 28 Oct 2009 15:52:45 +0000 (UTC) Received: from list by lo.gmane.org with local (Exim 4.50) id 1N3Ap8-0005Y6-DP for freebsd-questions@freebsd.org; Wed, 28 Oct 2009 16:52:34 +0100 Received: from pool-68-239-68-152.res.east.verizon.net ([68.239.68.152]) by main.gmane.org with esmtp (Gmexim 0.1 (Debian)) id 1AlnuQ-0007hv-00 for ; Wed, 28 Oct 2009 16:52:34 +0100 Received: from nightrecon by pool-68-239-68-152.res.east.verizon.net with local (Gmexim 0.1 (Debian)) id 1AlnuQ-0007hv-00 for ; Wed, 28 Oct 2009 16:52:34 +0100 X-Injected-Via-Gmane: http://gmane.org/ To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org From: Michael Powell Followup-To: gmane.os.freebsd.questions Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2009 11:53:08 -0400 Lines: 50 Message-ID: References: <20091027150519.dcee178a.freebsd@edvax.de> <4AE75293.5020603@yahoo.fr> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8Bit X-Complaints-To: usenet@ger.gmane.org X-Gmane-NNTP-Posting-Host: pool-68-239-68-152.res.east.verizon.net Sender: news Subject: Re: Bad sectors: how bad can it be X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.5 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2009 15:52:46 -0000 Michaël Grünewald wrote: [snip] > > I have backups of the data contained in the broken, so the data on this > disc are not a concern. I have however a question: How do I verify that > a hard-drive is accurately working if its firmware will hide the bad > sectors as long as possible? > [snip] As Polytropon indicated the smartctl commands for testing contained within the smartmontools port will extract the error logs from within the drive's firmware. There are two modes you can select from (basically a long and a short) that you can execute "now" at a command prompt. It can also be run as a daemon for continual monitoring. The data returned is somewhat arcane and can be semi difficult to interpret. There are various levels of usability which can vary by hardware. Some RAID controllers may get in the way of direct communication to some hard drives. Other controllers, as you go up the 'expensive high dollar' ladder will often do built-in SMART monitoring and will beep and/or send emails when it detects error conditions from a drive. Some even either contain, or have an external utility which provide a web based browser accessible view in real time. The purpose is to attempt to detect a drive that is about to fail. As far as the most basic level goes, you would look for numbers which indicate that the bad sector remap area has filled. Once this space gets filled any new bad sectors that develop can no longer be mapped out. This usually shows up in the operating system as some generic form of "unrecoverable read/write error" message and Bad Things begin to happen. I have not used Spinright in a very long time, but it may buy some life on such a drive. If it can clear the bad sector remap area after adjusting the remap table it can give new life to a drive. The same thing used to be possible on SCSI drives by running the low level format utility usually contained within the controller firmware. Such "fixes" should only be viewed as extremely temporary in nature, as the general pattern with regard to magnetic media failure is that once it starts to get bad spots it will keep on getting bad spots on a fairly regular basis afterwords. Interesting reading: http://www.usenix.org/publications/login/2008-06/openpdfs/bairavasundaram.pdf -Mike