Date: Tue, 1 Aug 2017 13:11:23 -0500 From: Karl Denninger <karl@denninger.net> To: freebsd-stable@freebsd.org Subject: Re: issues with powerd/freq_levels Message-ID: <56f253a1-4bbe-f3a1-0ffd-a0153d767f3c@denninger.net> In-Reply-To: <20170802004343.T6737@sola.nimnet.asn.au> References: <8AEC9DBC-BADD-4FB2-8358-DA43F7EF5E68@cs.huji.ac.il> <20170731201323.A6737@sola.nimnet.asn.au> <CAN6yY1t5xYXMig0PSGn=Gdr=fOZJUBUYEGtXYxxJ9Q7R=z_kWw@mail.gmail.com> <20170802004343.T6737@sola.nimnet.asn.au>
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This is a cryptographically signed message in MIME format. --------------ms000804030807090501070604 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable On 8/1/2017 12:45, Ian Smith wrote: > On Mon, 31 Jul 2017 12:03:27 -0700, Kevin Oberman wrote: > > On Mon, Jul 31, 2017 at 3:48 AM, Ian Smith <smithi@nimnet.asn.au> wr= ote: > >=20 > > > On Mon, 31 Jul 2017 10:09:11 +0300, Daniel Braniss wrote: > > > > > > > I am trying out PCengines latest apu2 boards, and I just notice= d that > > > with different Freebsd versions I get > > > > different freq_levels, and so when idling, each box (have 5) ha= s a > > > different freq/temperature value, ranging > > > > from 125/69.1C, 600/59.0C to 75/56.0C > > > > > > > > FreeBSD apu-4 11.1-STABLE FreeBSD 11.1-STABLE #5 f565b5a06ab3 (= 11) tip: > > > Mon Jul 31 09:36:33 IDT 2017 > > > > apu-4# sysctl dev.cpu.0.freq_levels > > > > dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1000/980 800/807 600/609 > > > > > > That looks about right. On a Core2Duo (still on 9.3) I get: > > > dev.est.1.freq_settings: 2401/35000 2400/35000 1600/15000 800/1200= 0 > > > dev.est.0.freq_settings: 2401/35000 2400/35000 1600/15000 800/1200= 0 > > > dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 2401/35000 2400/35000 1600/15000 800/12000 > > > dev.cpu.0.freq: 800 > > > > > > But only because I'd added to /boot/loader.conf: > > > > > > hint.p4tcc.0.disabled=3D1 > > > hint.acpi_throttle.0.disabled=3D1 > > > > > > which became the defaults sometime, maybe not before 11.0? Otherw= ise > > > mine would look more similar to the one below, with all 12.5% incr= ements > > > in frequency enabled, which doesn't actually save any power at all= =2E > > > > > > > FreeBSD apu-5 11.1-PRERELEASE FreeBSD 11.1-PRERELEASE #0 21e9d1= ca9b80 > > > (11) tip: Tue May 30 11:51:48 IDT 2017 > > > > apu-5# sysctl dev.cpu.0.freq_levels > > > > dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1000/966 875/845 800/795 700/695 600/600= 525/525 > > > 450/450 375/375 300/300 225/225 150/150 75/75 > > > > > > Looks like either p4tcc or acpi_throttle is enabled? See cpufreq(= 4). > > > As above, these don't buy you anything but extra busyness for powe= rd. > > > > > > Also noticed that the (nice, low!) milliwatt figures for 1000/800/= 600 > > > freqs are a bit different to the -stable one. Slightly Different = model? > > > > > > > FreeBSD apu-1 10.3-STABLE FreeBSD 10.3-STABLE #4 267788fd852c (= 10) tip: > > > Tue Jan 10 09:09:00 IST 2017 > > > > apu-1# sysctl dev.cpu.0.freq_levels > > > > dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1000/-1 875/-1 750/-1 625/-1 500/-1 375/= -1 > > > 250/-1 125/-1 > > > > > > And that looks like est(4) isn't enabled/attaching at all .. see d= mesg > > > on all of these for clues. > > > > > > > so, any ideas as to what is going on? > > > > > > Pure guesswork on experience with older versions, I'm not up to da= te. > > > > >=20 > > Very odd. Are all systems running identical CPUs and BIOSes? Identic= al > > loader and sysctl configurations? Look at /var/rn/dmesg.boot for CPU= > > information. Is EST being detected? It used to be early in the boot > > process, but is now fairly late. (In my case, about 2/3 through the > > dmesg.boot file. > > Hi Kevin, it's been a while .. > > Danny, can you put up a verbose boot dmesg.boot of one(?) for a browse?= =20 > Or maybe apu-4 and -1, if not all. I'd expect error msgs on -1 anyway.= > > > I have p4tcc and throttling explicitly turned off (which should now = be the > > default), but my Sandy Bridge Core i5 still shows: > > dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 2501/35000 2500/35000 2000/26426 1800/23233 > > 1600/20164 1400/17226 1200/14408 1000/11713 800/9140 > > All truly available I see on more recent processors. Certainly not 1/8= =20 > duty-cycle multipliers as p4tcc and maybe? acpi_throttle (not seen here= ) > > > The first is really bogus to indicate "turbo" mode. > > Usefully bogus, in that you can flag powerd to (in your case) -M 2500 t= o=20 > prevent it engaging "turbo" mode, as I do on my old Core2Duo, as advise= d=20 > by Warner years ago to avoid overheating on buildworlds and such - but = > more recent incarnations of "turbo" are supposedly far more functional.= > > Admittedly a digression .. mostly coming from wondering about data Karl= > posted in response, indicating different Cx levels available and so use= d=20 > by the latter 3 AP cores, which was news to me. I'd like to know more,= =20 > if only for gratuitous curiosity. Others can tick their TL;DR box :) > > > Temperature is a totally separate issue. It is VERY sensitive to ext= ernal > > issue like airflow and position of the CPU in relation to other comp= onents > > in the chassis Also, unless you have a lot of cores, you probably sh= ould > > set both economy_cx_lowest and performance_cx_lowest to Cmax. Econom= y > > should default to that, but performance will not as that can cause = issues > > on systems with large numbers of cores, so is set to C2. Many such s= ystem > > used to disable deeper sleep modes in BIOS, but I am way behind the = times > > and don't know about the current state of affairs. Certainly for sys= tems > > with 32 or fewer cores, this should not be an issue. In any case, Cx= state > > can sharply impact temperature. > > Indeed. But as these are low-power devices already, it's likely less o= f=20 > a concern, but maximising efficiency and minimising stress never hurts.= > > > Finally, the last case with power levels of -1 for all frequencies i= s > > probably because the CPU manufacturer (Intel?) has not published thi= s > > information. For a while they were treating this as "proprietary" > > information. Very annoying! It's always something that is not readil= y > > available. Thi is one reason I suspect your CPUs are not identical. > > Hmm, bought as a batch, that sounds unlikely, though their BIOSes (ono)= =20 > may vary, and would be worth checking on each - and BIOS settings, too.= > > Danny, is powerd running on all these? I doubt it would load on apu-1 = > as it stands. Note these are 'pure' 1/8 factors of 1000, p4tcc-alike, = > and I think quite likely indicate that cpufreq(4) failed to initialise?= =20 > debug.cpufreq.verbose=3D1 in /boot/loader.conf might show a clue, with = a=20 > verbose dmesg.boot anyway. > > Later: oops, just reread Karl's message, where I was unfaniliar with=20 > different CPUs showing different C-states, and noticing that despite=20 > cpu0 showing C2(io) available, and cx_lowest as C2, yet it used 100% C1= =20 > state, which was all that was available to cpu1 to 3. > > But then I twigged to Karl's hwpstate errors, so with 'apropos hwpstate= '=20 > still showing nothing after all these years, along with other cpufreq(4= )=20 > drivers, I used the list search via duckduckgo to finally find one (1) = > message, which lead to one detailed thread (that I even bought into!) > > https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-stable/2012-May/subject.ht= ml > https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-stable/2012-June/thread.ht= ml > > /hwpstate Note the May one needs following by Subject, else it splits = > into 5 separate threads (?) > > Which may be interesting to cpufreq nerds, but had me remember that=20 > hwpstate(0) is for AMD not Intel CPUs. So now I'm totally confused :) > > Danny, do your results from Karl's sysctl listings agree with his? These are not Intel CPUs; they are an embedded AMD 64-bit CPU. The specs on the one I have are: * CPU: AMD Embedded G series GX-412TC, 1 GHz quad Jaguar core with 64 bit and AES-NI support, 32K data + 32K instruction cache per core, shared 2MB L2 cache. * DRAM: 2 or 4 GB DDR3-1333 DRAM * Storage: Boot from m-SATA SSD, SD card (internal sdhci controller), or external USB. 1 SATA + power connector. * 12V DC, about 6 to 12W depending on CPU load. Jack =3D 2.5 mm, center= positive * Connectivity: 2 or 3 Gigabit Ethernet channels (Intel i211AT on apu2b2, i210AT on apu2b4) * I/O: DB9 serial port, 2 USB 3.0 external + + 2 USB 2.0 internal, three front panel LEDs, pushbutton * Expansion: 2 miniPCI express (one with SIM socket), LPC bus, GPIO header, I2C bus, COM2 (3.3V RXD / TXD) * Board size: 6 x 6" (152.4 x 152.4 mm) - same as apu1d, alix2d13 and wrap1e. * Firmware: coreboot <http://www.coreboot.org/>; (please contact support@pcengines.ch for source code if desired). * Cooling: Conductive cooling from the CPU to the enclosure using a 3 mm alu heat spreader (included). The one I have here is a 2Gb RAM/2 IGB Ethernet interface unit. They're surprisingly capable for their size, conductive cooling and (especially) price. As a firewall/VPN ingress point they perform nicely. I boot the one I have here from an SD card in a NanoBSD config but you can stick a mSATA SSD (laptop-computer style) in the case and boot from that if you want (I've tried it; the internal BIOS it comes with boots from it just fine.) --=20 Karl Denninger karl@denninger.net <mailto:karl@denninger.net> /The Market Ticker/ /[S/MIME encrypted email preferred]/ --------------ms000804030807090501070604 Content-Type: application/pkcs7-signature; name="smime.p7s" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="smime.p7s" Content-Description: S/MIME Cryptographic Signature MIAGCSqGSIb3DQEHAqCAMIACAQExDzANBglghkgBZQMEAgMFADCABgkqhkiG9w0BBwEAAKCC BlwwggZYMIIEQKADAgECAgE9MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGQMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEQMA4G A1UECBMHRmxvcmlkYTESMBAGA1UEBxMJTmljZXZpbGxlMRkwFwYDVQQKExBDdWRhIFN5c3Rl bXMgTExDMRwwGgYDVQQDExNDdWRhIFN5c3RlbXMgTExDIENBMSIwIAYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhND dWRhIFN5c3RlbXMgTExDIENBMB4XDTE2MTIxODE5NDUzNVoXDTIxMTIxNzE5NDUzNVowVzEL MAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEDAOBgNVBAgTB0Zsb3JpZGExGTAXBgNVBAoTEEN1ZGEgU3lzdGVtcyBM TEMxGzAZBgNVBAMUEmthcmxAZGVubmluZ2VyLm5ldDCCAiIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIP ADCCAgoCggIBAM2N5maxs7NkoY9g5NMxFWll0TYiO7gXrGZTo3q25ZJgNdPMwrntLz/5ewE9 07TEbwJ3ah/Ep9BfZm7JF9vTtE1HkgKtXNKi0pawNGm1Yn26Dz5AbUr1byby6dFtDJr14E07 trzDCtRRvTkOVSBj6PQPal0fAnDtkIYQBVcuMkXkuMCtyfE95pjm8g4K9l7lAcKii3T1/3rE hCc1o2nBnb7EN1/XwBeCDGB+I2SN/ftZDbKQqGAF5q9dUn+iXU7Z/CVSfUWmhVh6cVZA4Ftv TglUqj410OuPx+cUQch3h1kFgsuhQR63HiJc3HbRJllHsV0rihvL1CjeARQkhnA6uY9NLFST p5I/PfzBzW2MSmtN/tGZvmfKKnmtbfUNgkzbIR1K3lsum+yEL71kB93Xtz/4f1demEx5c8TJ RBIniDHjDeLGK1aoBu8nfnvXAvgthFNTWBOEoR49AHEPjC3kZj0l8JQml1Y8bTQD5gtC5txl klO60WV0EufU7Hy9CmynMuFtjiA2v71pm097rXeCdrAKgisdYeEESB+SFrlY65rLiLv4n8o1 PX7DqRfqKkOYIakZ0ug/yHVKcq2EM3RiJxwzls5gT70CoOBlKbrC98O8TA6teON0Jq30M06t NTI2HhvNbJDLbBH+Awf4h1UKB+0ufENwjVvF5Jfz8Ww/FaSDAgMBAAGjgfQwgfEwNwYIKwYB BQUHAQEEKzApMCcGCCsGAQUFBzABhhtodHRwOi8vY3VkYXN5c3RlbXMubmV0Ojg4ODgwCQYD VR0TBAIwADARBglghkgBhvhCAQEEBAMCBaAwCwYDVR0PBAQDAgXgMCwGCWCGSAGG+EIBDQQf Fh1PcGVuU1NMIEdlbmVyYXRlZCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZTAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUpfAI3y+751pp9A0w 6vJHx8RoR/MwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUJHGbnYV9/N3dvbDKkpQDofrTbTUwHQYDVR0RBBYwFIES a2FybEBkZW5uaW5nZXIubmV0MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4ICAQBiB6MlugxYJdccD8boZ/u8 d8VxmLkJCtbfyYHRjYdyoABLW5hE3k3xSpYCM9L7vzWyV/UWwDYKi4ZzxHo4g+jG/GQZfKhx v38BQjL2G9xD0Hn2d+cygOq3UPjVYlbbfQoew6JbyCFXrrZ7/0jvRMLAN2+bRC7ynaFUixPH Whnj9JSH7ieYdzak8KN+G2coIC2t2iyfXVKehzi5gdNQ0vJ7+ypbGsRm4gE8Mdo9N/WgFPvZ HPFqR9Dwas7Z+aHwOabpk5r/336SyjOaZsn3MqKJQZL6GqDKusVOCWt+9uFAD8kadg7FetZe atIoD9I+zbp59oVoMnkMDMx7Hi85faU03csusqMGsjSsAzWSI1N8PJytZlchLiykokLKc3OL G87QKlErotlou7cfPX2BbEAH5wmkj9oiqZhxIL/wwAUA+PkiTbEmksKBNompSjUq/6UsR8EA s74gnu17lmijv8mrg2qMlwRirE7qG8pnE8egLtCDxcjd0Of9WMi2NJskn0/ovC7P+J60Napl m3ZIgPJst1piYSE0Zc1FIat4fFphMfK5v4iLblo1tFSlkdx1UNDGdg/U+LaXkNVXlMp8fyPm R80V6cIrCAlEWnBJNxG1UyfbbsvNMCCZBM4faGGsR/hhQOiydlruxhjL6P8J2WV8p11DdeGx KymWoil2s1J5WTGCBRMwggUPAgEBMIGWMIGQMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEQMA4GA1UECBMHRmxv cmlkYTESMBAGA1UEBxMJTmljZXZpbGxlMRkwFwYDVQQKExBDdWRhIFN5c3RlbXMgTExDMRww GgYDVQQDExNDdWRhIFN5c3RlbXMgTExDIENBMSIwIAYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhNDdWRhIFN5c3Rl bXMgTExDIENBAgE9MA0GCWCGSAFlAwQCAwUAoIICTTAYBgkqhkiG9w0BCQMxCwYJKoZIhvcN AQcBMBwGCSqGSIb3DQEJBTEPFw0xNzA4MDExODExMjNaME8GCSqGSIb3DQEJBDFCBEAMlw4M osAabDudme7kkwhxB8CmOvt2pvYFODFg5FPZExxbZrfbhCkfkPWq+D8ISMEl83uiAIg8Nd+G R7NDOOj2MGwGCSqGSIb3DQEJDzFfMF0wCwYJYIZIAWUDBAEqMAsGCWCGSAFlAwQBAjAKBggq hkiG9w0DBzAOBggqhkiG9w0DAgICAIAwDQYIKoZIhvcNAwICAUAwBwYFKw4DAgcwDQYIKoZI hvcNAwICASgwgacGCSsGAQQBgjcQBDGBmTCBljCBkDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEDAOBgNVBAgT B0Zsb3JpZGExEjAQBgNVBAcTCU5pY2V2aWxsZTEZMBcGA1UEChMQQ3VkYSBTeXN0ZW1zIExM QzEcMBoGA1UEAxMTQ3VkYSBTeXN0ZW1zIExMQyBDQTEiMCAGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYTQ3VkYSBT eXN0ZW1zIExMQyBDQQIBPTCBqQYLKoZIhvcNAQkQAgsxgZmggZYwgZAxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVT MRAwDgYDVQQIEwdGbG9yaWRhMRIwEAYDVQQHEwlOaWNldmlsbGUxGTAXBgNVBAoTEEN1ZGEg U3lzdGVtcyBMTEMxHDAaBgNVBAMTE0N1ZGEgU3lzdGVtcyBMTEMgQ0ExIjAgBgkqhkiG9w0B CQEWE0N1ZGEgU3lzdGVtcyBMTEMgQ0ECAT0wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQAEggIAVM7z1REF4TAB A8p/PKjeuqux4wJc1JU4mFh98f7JOhs870SrZHw0Kq/bEHEebMi/RHqK4cnXMk3ui3nDuW9w s0cFRd4izJF1EqF+0voct0EPfbwvNzuVN4vC8DcmsfDT5VRPHisIzdQgm7Fw7GweIUfKaW+C zAsevNhXMr4GJf0ZKkEWfSEYud0Vl3RClkXyRiFx9JxtqXzc4C4Dk69bGIM8ZsaTX8J3JStJ E+/zsHyOUXjweLxKmd3xzzi1R+tt4bSdgNd6JphBxcoL0EvzQ2qi5ugP3MQFxEkNZUqunjLD fZ7uVyFKHBPuAFSmY4CcYkZvA706lCIoVuQm2twgGR5UU3B4JwGpUJwGBWzF8gdlr73tdEKo ZoHcr0vpTWjSRu6dH1kkCiL5BTcxjjosQveK+tgWj/r45hLoKQPVEs028hXBzOmkseTgRNn0 8kV08mWQd8mM0ARRRCxCF87OsCRKb/v8AvbtIkF0ULCSYyNOrk6yYdcVWKHfGKbv8K8iIeqx ufHkr1FiacsAcjtD+IT416Ztxb9bZkQmRCMHbXhweawMjMMwPwxLwPR1ALbZcwyDkmd9v5CE cxJgD9kd3LkMS8W0QoI/RhWFKu4DI5LEtl9L4CMKQW1Y6vfqfHTV50fDis/BFASSFYsmo0Kk HFyYPfXpPkxA1WJxIWQ2NncAAAAAAAA= --------------ms000804030807090501070604--
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