Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2022 10:51:32 +0800 From: Zhenlei Huang <zlei.huang@gmail.com> To: Michael Tuexen <michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de> Cc: freebsd-net@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Too aggressive TCP ACKs Message-ID: <330A9146-F7CC-4CAB-9003-2F90B872AC3E@gmail.com> In-Reply-To: <0FED34A9-D093-442A-83B7-08C06D11F8B5@lurchi.franken.de> References: <75D35F36-7759-4168-ADBA-C2414F5B53BC@gmail.com> <712641B3-5196-40CC-9B64-04637F16F649@lurchi.franken.de> <62A0DD30-B3ED-48BE-9C01-146487599092@gmail.com> <0FED34A9-D093-442A-83B7-08C06D11F8B5@lurchi.franken.de>
next in thread | previous in thread | raw e-mail | index | archive | help
[-- Attachment #1 --] > On Oct 22, 2022, at 2:16 AM, Michael Tuexen <michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de <mailto:michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>> wrote: > >> On 21. Oct 2022, at 17:00, Zhenlei Huang <zlei.huang@gmail.com <mailto:zlei.huang@gmail.com>> wrote: >> >> >>> On Oct 21, 2022, at 10:34 PM, Michael Tuexen <michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de <mailto:michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>> wrote: >>> >>>> On 21. Oct 2022, at 16:19, Zhenlei Huang <zlei.huang@gmail.com <mailto:zlei.huang@gmail.com>> wrote: >>>> >>>> Hi, >>>> >>>> While I was repeating https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=258755 <https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=258755>, I observed a >>>> strange behavior. The TCP ACKs from FreeBSD host are too aggressive. >>>> >>>> My setup is simple: >>>> A B >>>> [ MacOS ] <====> [ FreeBSD VM ] >>>> 192.168.120.1 192.168.12.134 (disable tso and lro) >>>> While A <--- B, i.e. A as server and B as client, the packets rate looks good. >>>> >>>> One session on B: >>>> >>>> root@:~ # iperf3 -c 192.168.120.1 -b 10m >>>> Connecting to host 192.168.120.1, port 5201 >>>> [ 5] local 192.168.120.134 port 54459 connected to 192.168.120.1 port 5201 >>>> [ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd >>>> [ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> [ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes >>>> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - >>>> [ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr >>>> [ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec 0 sender >>>> [ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec receiver >>>> >>>> iperf Done. >>>> >>>> Another session on B: >>>> >>>> root@:~ # netstat -w 1 -I vmx0 >>>> input vmx0 output >>>> packets errs idrops bytes packets errs bytes colls >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 342 0 0 22600 526 0 775724 0 >>>> 150 0 0 9900 851 0 1281454 0 >>>> 109 0 0 7194 901 0 1357850 0 >>>> 126 0 0 8316 828 0 1246632 0 >>>> 122 0 0 8052 910 0 1370780 0 >>>> 109 0 0 7194 819 0 1233702 0 >>>> 120 0 0 7920 910 0 1370780 0 >>>> 110 0 0 7260 819 0 1233702 0 >>>> 123 0 0 8118 910 0 1370780 0 >>>> 109 0 0 7194 819 0 1233702 0 >>>> 73 0 0 5088 465 0 686342 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> ================================================================ >>>> >>>> >>>> While A ---> B, i.e. A as client and B as server, the ACKs sent from B looks strange. >>>> >>>> Session on A: >>>> >>>> % iperf3 -c 192.168.120.134 -b 10m >>>> Connecting to host 192.168.120.134, port 5201 >>>> [ 5] local 192.168.120.1 port 52370 connected to 192.168.120.134 port 5201 >>>> [ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate >>>> [ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec >>>> [ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec >>>> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - >>>> [ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate >>>> [ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec sender >>>> [ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec receiver >>>> >>>> iperf Done. >>>> >>>> Session on B: >>>> >>>> root@:~ # netstat -w 1 -I vmx0 >>>> input vmx0 output >>>> packets errs idrops bytes packets errs bytes colls >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 649 0 0 960562 330 0 21800 0 >>>> 819 0 0 1233702 415 0 27390 0 >>>> 910 0 0 1370780 459 0 30294 0 >>>> 819 0 0 1233702 415 0 27390 0 >>>> 910 0 0 1370780 459 0 30294 0 >>>> 910 0 0 1370780 460 0 30360 0 >>>> 819 0 0 1233702 414 0 27324 0 >>>> 910 0 0 1370780 460 0 30360 0 >>>> 819 0 0 1233702 414 0 27324 0 >>>> 910 0 0 1370780 460 0 30360 0 >>>> 285 0 0 412287 147 0 9981 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 >>>> >>>> >>>> The ACK packets replied from B (the FreeBSD VM) are too aggressive. They are >>>> about one half of TCP packets received from A. >>>> >>>> I've tested with different bitrates, from 10m to 300m, all behave the same. >>>> Tested with baremetal FreeBSD 13.1 Box as B (with intel em driver), the >>>> bitrates is 1g, also behaves the same. >>>> >>>> Also tried different FreeBSD versions, 11.4, 12.3, stable/13 and current/14 all >>>> behave the same. >>>> >>>> >>>> My question is, is that the expected behavior of current default TCP stack? >>> That is what I would expect. TCP (on FreeBSD) is acking every other packet. This >>> is also what is specified. MacOS, at least newer versions, send less ACKs. >> Thanks for fast response! >> >> My have old memories about SACK which helps TCP performance. This behavior >> seems odd from my mind. But those memories date back to 2008, that is 14 years ago. > I don't think anything has changed since then from a specification point of view Hacked some RFCs from 1122, and the transport protocol is stable, and apparently it should be. >> >> The current implementation of TCP stack in FreeBSD head is too complexed for me. >> Can you please point me the RFCs specifying this? So I can start over with a quick glue. > Send an ACK for every other frame if everything is OK, send it immediately if there are some gaps: > https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9293#section-3.8.6.3 <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9293#section-3.8.6.3>; > This applies also to the case where you use SACK. I think I confused SACK with delayed ACK. Thanks! > > Best regards > Michael >> >> Thanks! >>> >>> Best regards >>> Michael >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Best regards, >>>> Zhenlei [-- Attachment #2 --] <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class=""><div><br class=""></div></div><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Oct 22, 2022, at 2:16 AM, Michael Tuexen <<a href="mailto:michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de" class="">michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class="">On 21. Oct 2022, at 17:00, Zhenlei Huang <<a href="mailto:zlei.huang@gmail.com" class="">zlei.huang@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="">On Oct 21, 2022, at 10:34 PM, Michael Tuexen <<a href="mailto:michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de" class="">michael.tuexen@lurchi.franken.de</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="">On 21. Oct 2022, at 16:19, Zhenlei Huang <<a href="mailto:zlei.huang@gmail.com" class="">zlei.huang@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class="">Hi,<br class=""><br class="">While I was repeating <a href="https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=258755" class="">https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=258755</a>, I observed a<br class="">strange behavior. The TCP ACKs from FreeBSD host are too aggressive.<br class=""><br class="">My setup is simple:<br class=""> A B<br class=""> [ MacOS ] <====> [ FreeBSD VM ]<br class="">192.168.120.1 192.168.12.134 (disable tso and lro)<br class="">While A <--- B, i.e. A as server and B as client, the packets rate looks good.<br class=""><br class="">One session on B:<br class=""><br class="">root@:~ # iperf3 -c 192.168.120.1 -b 10m<br class="">Connecting to host 192.168.120.1, port 5201<br class="">[ 5] local 192.168.120.134 port 54459 connected to 192.168.120.1 port 5201<br class="">[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd<br class="">[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec 0 257 KBytes <br class="">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -<br class="">[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr<br class="">[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec 0 sender<br class="">[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec receiver<br class=""><br class="">iperf Done.<br class=""><br class="">Another session on B:<br class=""><br class="">root@:~ # netstat -w 1 -I vmx0<br class=""> input vmx0 output<br class=""> packets errs idrops bytes packets errs bytes colls<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 342 0 0 22600 526 0 775724 0<br class=""> 150 0 0 9900 851 0 1281454 0<br class=""> 109 0 0 7194 901 0 1357850 0<br class=""> 126 0 0 8316 828 0 1246632 0<br class=""> 122 0 0 8052 910 0 1370780 0<br class=""> 109 0 0 7194 819 0 1233702 0<br class=""> 120 0 0 7920 910 0 1370780 0<br class=""> 110 0 0 7260 819 0 1233702 0<br class=""> 123 0 0 8118 910 0 1370780 0<br class=""> 109 0 0 7194 819 0 1233702 0<br class=""> 73 0 0 5088 465 0 686342 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><br class="">================================================================<br class=""><br class=""><br class="">While A ---> B, i.e. A as client and B as server, the ACKs sent from B looks strange.<br class=""><br class="">Session on A:<br class=""><br class="">% iperf3 -c 192.168.120.134 -b 10m<br class="">Connecting to host 192.168.120.134, port 5201<br class="">[ 5] local 192.168.120.1 port 52370 connected to 192.168.120.134 port 5201<br class="">[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate<br class="">[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.12 MBytes 9.44 Mbits/sec <br class="">[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 10.5 Mbits/sec <br class="">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -<br class="">[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate<br class="">[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec sender<br class="">[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 12.0 MBytes 10.1 Mbits/sec receiver<br class=""><br class="">iperf Done.<br class=""><br class="">Session on B:<br class=""><br class="">root@:~ # netstat -w 1 -I vmx0<br class=""> input vmx0 output<br class=""> packets errs idrops bytes packets errs bytes colls<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 649 0 0 960562 330 0 21800 0<br class=""> 819 0 0 1233702 415 0 27390 0<br class=""> 910 0 0 1370780 459 0 30294 0<br class=""> 819 0 0 1233702 415 0 27390 0<br class=""> 910 0 0 1370780 459 0 30294 0<br class=""> 910 0 0 1370780 460 0 30360 0<br class=""> 819 0 0 1233702 414 0 27324 0<br class=""> 910 0 0 1370780 460 0 30360 0<br class=""> 819 0 0 1233702 414 0 27324 0<br class=""> 910 0 0 1370780 460 0 30360 0<br class=""> 285 0 0 412287 147 0 9981 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0<br class=""><br class=""><br class="">The ACK packets replied from B (the FreeBSD VM) are too aggressive. They are<br class="">about one half of TCP packets received from A.<br class=""><br class="">I've tested with different bitrates, from 10m to 300m, all behave the same.<br class="">Tested with baremetal FreeBSD 13.1 Box as B (with intel em driver), the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">bitrates is 1g, also behaves the same.<br class=""><br class="">Also tried different FreeBSD versions, 11.4, 12.3, stable/13 and current/14 all<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">behave the same.<br class=""><br class=""><br class="">My question is, is that the expected behavior of current default TCP stack?<br class=""></blockquote>That is what I would expect. TCP (on FreeBSD) is acking every other packet. This<br class="">is also what is specified. MacOS, at least newer versions, send less ACKs.<br class=""></blockquote>Thanks for fast response!<br class=""><br class="">My have old memories about SACK which helps TCP performance. This behavior<br class="">seems odd from my mind. But those memories date back to 2008, that is 14 years ago.<br class=""></blockquote><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">I don't think anything has changed since then from a specification point of view</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""></div></blockquote>Hacked some RFCs from 1122, and the transport protocol is stable, and apparently</div><div>it should be.</div><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br class="">The current implementation of TCP stack in FreeBSD head is too complexed for me.<br class="">Can you please point me the RFCs specifying this? So I can start over with a quick glue.<br class=""></blockquote><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Send an ACK for every other frame if everything is OK, send it immediately if there are some gaps:</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9293#section-3.8.6.3" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9293#section-3.8.6.3</a><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">This applies also to the case where you use SACK.</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""></div></blockquote>I think I confused SACK with delayed ACK.</div><div><br class=""></div><div>Thanks!<br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Best regards</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Michael</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br class="">Thanks!<br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><br class="">Best regards<br class="">Michael<br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><br class=""><br class=""><br class="">Best regards,<br class="">Zhenlei</blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></body></html>
Want to link to this message? Use this URL: <https://mail-archive.FreeBSD.org/cgi/mid.cgi?330A9146-F7CC-4CAB-9003-2F90B872AC3E>