Date: Tue, 29 Aug 2023 04:22:26 -0700 From: Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> To: weh@microsoft.com Cc: FreeBSD Hackers <freebsd-hackers@freebsd.org> Subject: Re: Very slow scp performance comparing to Linux Message-ID: <6E433834-E192-44F1-9FF1-3814F13449FF@yahoo.com> In-Reply-To: <98C8E07C-2247-4439-8836-ED350CC83F16@yahoo.com> References: <98C8E07C-2247-4439-8836-ED350CC83F16@yahoo.com>
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[Adding USB3/U.2 Optane UFS Windows Dev Kit 2023 scp examples,
no VM's involved.]
On Aug 29, 2023, at 03:27, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Wei Hu <weh_at_microsoft.com> wrote on
> Date: Tue, 29 Aug 2023 07:07:39 UTC :
>=20
>> Sorry for the top posting. But I don't want to make it look too =
messy. Here is the
>> Information that I have missed in my original email.
>>=20
>> All VMs are running on Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8473C (2100.00-MHz =
K8-class CPU).
>>=20
>> FreeBSD VMs are 16 vcpu with 128 GB memory, in non-debug build:
>> 14.0-ALPHA1 FreeBSD 14.0-ALPHA1 amd64 1400094 #7 =
nodbg-n264692-59e706ffee52-dirty... =
/usr/obj/usr/src/main/amd64.amd64/sys/GENERIC-NODEBUG amd64
>>=20
>> Ubuntu VMs are 4 vcpu with 32 GB memory, kernel version:
>> 6.2.0-1009-azure #9~22.04.3-Ubuntu SMP Tue Aug 1 20:51:07 UTC 2023 =
x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
>>=20
>> I did a couple more tests as suggested by others in this thread. In =
recap:
>>=20
>> Scp to localhost, FreeBSD (ufs) vs Ubuntu (ext4): 70 MB/s vs 550 MB/s
>> Scp to localhost, FreeBSD (tmpfs) vs Ubuntu (tmpfs): 630 MB/s vs 660 =
MB/s
>>=20
>> Iperf3 single stream to localhost: FreeBSD vs Ubuntu: 30.9 Gb/s vs =
48.8 Gb/s
>>=20
>> Would these numbers suggest that
>> 1. ext4 caches a lot more than ufs?
>> 2. there is a tcp performance gap in the network stack between =
FreeBSD and Ubuntu?
>>=20
>> Would you also try run scp on ufs on your bare metal arm host? I am =
curious to now how different between ufs and zfs.
>=20
>=20
> For this round I'm rebooting between the unxz and the 1st scp.
> So I'll also have zfs results again. I'll also do a 2nd scp
> (no reboot) to see if it gets notably different results.
>=20
> . . .
>=20
> Well, I just got FreeBSD main [so: 15] running under
> HyperV on the Windows Dev Kit 2023. So reporting for
> there first. This was via an ssh session. The context
> is ZFS. The VM file size is fixed, as is the RAM size.
> 6 cores (of 8) and 24576 MiBytes assigned (of 32
> GiBytes) to the one FreeBSD instance. The VM file is
> on the internal NVMe drive in the Windows 11 Pro file
> system in the default place.
>=20
> (I was having it copy the hardrive media to the VM file
> when I started this process. Modern HyperV no longer
> seems to support direct use of USB3 physical media. I
> first had to produce a copy of the material on smaller
> media so that a fixed VM file size from a copy to
> create the VM file would fit in the NVMe's free space.)
>=20
> # uname -apKU
> FreeBSD CA78C-WDK23s-ZFS 15.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT aarch64 =
1500000 #13 main-n265027-2f06449d6429-dirty: Fri Aug 25 09:20:31 PDT =
2023 =
root@CA78C-WDK23-ZFS:/usr/obj/BUILDs/main-CA78C-nodbg-clang/usr/main-src/a=
rm64.aarch64/sys/GENERIC-NODBG-CA78C arm64 aarch64 1500000 1500000
>=20
> (The ZFS content is a copy of the USB3 interfaced
> ZFS Optane media's content previously reported on.
> So the installed system was built with -mcpu=3D based
> optimization, as noted before.)
>=20
> # scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> . . .
> =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 193.6MB/s 00:26
>=20
> # rm ~/FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> # scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> . . .
> =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 198.0MB/s 00:25
>=20
>=20
> So, faster than what you are reporting for the
> Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8473C (2100.00-MHz K8-class CPU)
> context.
>=20
> For reference:
>=20
> # gpart show -pl
> =3D> 40 468862055 da0 GPT (224G)
> 40 32728 - free - (16M)
> 32768 102400 da0p1 wdk23sCA78Cefi (50M)
> 135168 421703680 da0p2 wdk23sCA78Czfs (201G)
> 421838848 47022080 da0p3 wdk23sCA78Cswp22 (22G)
> 468860928 1167 - free - (584K)
>=20
> # zpool list
> NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP =
HEALTH ALTROOT
> zwdk23s 200G 79.8G 120G - - 0% 39% 1.00x =
ONLINE -
>=20
> (UFS would have notably more allocated and less free
> for the same size partition.)
>=20
>=20
>=20
> The below is be based on the HoneyComb (16 cortex-a72's)
> since I've got the HyperV context going on the Windows
> Dev Kit 2023 at the moment.
>=20
>=20
> UFS first:
>=20
> # uname -apKU
> FreeBSD HC-CA72-UFS 15.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT aarch64 1500000 =
#110 main-n265027-2f06449d6429-dirty: Fri Aug 25 09:19:53 PDT 2023 =
root@CA72-16Gp-ZFS:/usr/obj/BUILDs/main-CA72-nodbg-clang/usr/main-src/arm6=
4.aarch64/sys/GENERIC-NODBG-CA72 arm64 aarch64 1500000 1500000
>=20
> # scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> . . .
> =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 129.7MB/s 00:39
>=20
> # rm ~/FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> # scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> . . .
> =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 130.9MB/s 00:39
>=20
>=20
> So, faster than what you are reporting for the
> Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8473C (2100.00-MHz K8-class CPU)
> context.
>=20
> Note: This is via a U.2 Optane 960 GB media and an M.2 adapter
> instead of being via a PCIe Optane 960 GB media in the PCIe
> slot.
>=20
>=20
> ZFS second:
>=20
> # uname -apKU
> FreeBSD CA72-16Gp-ZFS 15.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT aarch64 =
1500000 #110 main-n265027-2f06449d6429-dirty: Fri Aug 25 09:19:53 PDT =
2023 =
root@CA72-16Gp-ZFS:/usr/obj/BUILDs/main-CA72-nodbg-clang/usr/main-src/arm6=
4.aarch64/sys/GENERIC-NODBG-CA72 arm64 aarch64 1500000 1500000
>=20
> # scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> . . .
> =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 121.1MB/s 00:42
>=20
> # rm ~/FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> # scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
> (root@localhost) Password for root@CA72-16Gp-ZFS:
> =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 124.6MB/s 00:41
>=20
>=20
> So, faster than what you are reporting for the
> Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8473C (2100.00-MHz K8-class CPU)
> context.
>=20
> Note: This is via a PCIe Optane 960 GB media in the
> PCIe slot.
>=20
>=20
> UFS was slightly faster then ZFS for the HoneyComb
> context but there is the M.2 vs. PCIe difference
> as well.
>=20
# uname -apKU
FreeBSD CA78C-WDK23-UFS 15.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT aarch64 =
1500000 #13 main-n265027-2f06449d6429-dirty: Fri Aug 25 09:20:31 PDT =
2023 =
root@CA78C-WDK23-ZFS:/usr/obj/BUILDs/main-CA78C-nodbg-clang/usr/main-src/a=
rm64.aarch64/sys/GENERIC-NODBG-CA78C arm64 aarch64 1500000 1500000
Again, a -mcpu=3D optimized build context for the FreeBSD in
operation.
(Still rebooting first. Then . . .)
# scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
. . .
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 199.3MB/s 00:25
# rm ~/FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
# scp =
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
root@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img
. . .
FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img =
=
100% 5120MB 204.9MB/s 00:24
So, faster than what you are reporting for the
Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8473C (2100.00-MHz K8-class CPU)
context.
The Windows Dev Kit 2023 figures are generally faster than the
HoneyComb figures.
=3D=3D=3D
Mark Millard
marklmi at yahoo.com
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