From nobody Sat Oct 1 20:09:54 2022 X-Original-To: questions@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4Mfyr96NWHz4dtZW for ; Sat, 1 Oct 2022 20:10:01 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) Received: from holgerdanske.com (holgerdanske.com [184.105.128.27]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (P-256) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "holgerdanske.com", Issuer "R3" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4Mfyr85XKRz3Fjs for ; Sat, 1 Oct 2022 20:10:00 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from dpchrist@holgerdanske.com) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=holgerdanske.com; s=nov-20210719-112354; t=1664654995; bh=lxt3kyS9Ain6QAL/U6MlPe4e7+AlJ5v96MB2uE43AlA=; h=Received:Message-ID:Date:MIME-Version:User-Agent:Subject: Content-Language:To:References:From:In-Reply-To:Content-Type: Content-Transfer-Encoding; b=g1bZS5k3fMWerUej7vZ0/SuRw6Ca1YbNzhBocaxvELL+b9/FLTuRZgiXbz6txJeaL 1qUQAkEWkFAxZ6exXZ3wjhSIMO+Pj55TuMi3fHgQmErDRVvdeQAuwuWv5BoMs68HhP avOm2tTwenE6c06iAjLjNb5E1NlNt5VK6HM573Uff6GzYqUHUyxZSUtyP1Di0rY5N5 zVq6ORM57KvrLXfwM8a5d5leAlpGye5W80fDiJdcUYME723w6WvIRF96apO4mOdrej 77jI3eJJ5lSDoyWi3tuuUCyACVRIJlD7e+TGYYucPH+FUAwygbIagCjQzksr6r7VKl 1bsJsXmNQA0JJMLCuGkjvbL8EDDRbQCaqvxMclxRvx87T9u1rDYa/FbVfFRrm1iGe8 rIpWNAhc9UZl1UpSyqlSSCtRKNW17SIPxbD1+euxxXtuIxpBGWnUbFcoHWQyjfMHks NPOAn4VwgrokF+He05J3SZvvizc+Jq+q/za/sN2PxbkZU1LfXMyg8TsnCvkwZLWeiM +R51Od/8BBXOaIVdkinQ+YUmYT1BvGgCrTgAipDNSCp+pkjHZQ4Dd7Pt8FFsKrDxLv OmygiaQfO5WwVWdhP0TfO67WSuOJk2iAouG4A95nZcpm6AJJhK5aCcJaBFFrpfH8qm RY76I+mAaWVD4DnOSrki8DEQ= Received: from 99.100.19.101 (99-100-19-101.lightspeed.frokca.sbcglobal.net [99.100.19.101]) by holgerdanske.com with ESMTPSA (TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLSv1.3:Kx=any:Au=any:Enc=AESGCM(128):Mac=AEAD) (SMTP-AUTH username dpchrist@holgerdanske.com, mechanism PLAIN) for ; Sat, 1 Oct 2022 13:09:55 -0700 Message-ID: <21833a06-7fbd-b064-4179-1630936d5c8d@holgerdanske.com> Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2022 13:09:54 -0700 List-Id: User questions List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-questions List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Sender: owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/91.13.0 Subject: Re: mkdir error message -- what does this mean? Content-Language: en-US To: questions@freebsd.org References: <20220930200244.31d71c489812fd26c0d39769@sohara.org> From: David Christensen In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Mfyr85XKRz3Fjs X-Spamd-Bar: -- Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=pass header.d=holgerdanske.com header.s=nov-20210719-112354 header.b=g1bZS5k3; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=holgerdanske.com; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of dpchrist@holgerdanske.com designates 184.105.128.27 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=dpchrist@holgerdanske.com X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.00 / 15.00]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.00)[-1.000]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-1.000]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-1.00)[-0.997]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[holgerdanske.com,none]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+a]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[holgerdanske.com:s=nov-20210719-112354]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; MLMMJ_DEST(0.00)[questions@freebsd.org]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[holgerdanske.com:+]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:6939, ipnet:184.104.0.0/15, country:US]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[questions@freebsd.org]; RCVD_TLS_ALL(0.00)[] X-ThisMailContainsUnwantedMimeParts: N On 10/1/22 09:09, doug wrote: > > > On Fri, 30 Sep 2022, Steve O'Hara-Smith wrote: > >> On Fri, 30 Sep 2022 14:48:09 -0400 >> Paul Procacci wrote: >> >>>      31 EMLINK Too many links. Maximum allowable hard links to a single >>> file has been exceeded (limit of 32767 hard links per file). >>> >>> I betcha the parent directory has at least this many number of >>> objects in >>> it. >> >>     DIRHASH has a lot to answer for, time was we'd jump through hoops >> when writing applications to avoid having huge numbers of files in a >> directory, now nobody notices any problems until they hit the limit. >> > > I hit this limit long, long ago. Maybe Version 4 or 5, made the change > and forgot all about it. I guess mergermaster and freebsd-update rolled my > number forward or the default was made bigger than anything I have now. > The only reason for my comment is a bunch of cyrus accounts have inboxes > with 200-300k emails. They happily make and delete folders that > subdirectories of /var/spool/imap/user/user-name. Perhaps the OP should switch to ZFS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFS#Capacity "ZFS is a 128-bit file system, so it can address 1.84E+19 times more data than 64-bit systems such as Btrfs. The maximum limits of ZFS are designed to be so large that they should never be encountered in practice. For instance, fully populating a single zpool with 2**128 bits of data would require 3.0E+24 TB hard disk drives. Some theoretical limits in ZFS are: 16 exbibytes (2**64 bytes): maximum size of a single file 2**48: number of entries in any individual directory 16 exbibytes: maximum size of any attribute 2**56: number of attributes of a file (actually constrained to 2**48 for the number of files in a directory) 2**56 quadrillion zebibytes (2**128 bytes): maximum size of any zpool 2**64: number of devices in any zpool 2**64: number of file systems in a zpool 2**64: number of zpools in a system" David