From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sun Feb 16 13:54:20 2020 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 64C4725EE81 for ; Sun, 16 Feb 2020 13:54:20 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from wattersm@watters.ws) Received: from linux1.tor1.watters.ws (linux1.tor1.watters.ws [165.227.44.84]) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 48L7rq1nVkz3FCC for ; Sun, 16 Feb 2020 13:54:18 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from wattersm@watters.ws) Received: from [192.168.0.3] (d53-147-217.nap.wideopenwest.com [64.53.217.147]) by linux1.tor1.watters.ws (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 24B77C4F7C3 for ; Sun, 16 Feb 2020 13:54:18 +0000 (UTC) Subject: Re: Technological advantages over Linux To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20200214121620.GA80657@admin.sibptus.ru> <20200214195430.25365f87@moonstudio> <7371554e-82a3-a7aa-b764-ae2627e241d3@kicp.uchicago.edu> <20200214203134.17f6d4bd@moonstudio> <20200215064911.GF1482@admin.sibptus.ru> From: Michael Watters Autocrypt: addr=wattersm@watters.ws; prefer-encrypt=mutual; keydata= mQINBFayHsoBEADQIhLWXAoE6StYIQIqct6xXwy7s37/u62G0V7PSdc3W4/AoSdC+ZvAXnn/ C8TfbP3VqtVty2DhUVpqUkyOUqeKV0OmSFwAeH/YROr3Rha3VNyUalpFGbDtYRSns8qjFGUj YhLxx6xCQLCiq3+YqUYK0hTIhJCn5zHMzFdp+TPz046LR3qA4OdaWtGZklUfeGys6kCWVAQG Vxx9+humCfWBjn9ANuNqiOmcjNomhGuQ8kCsvcdn3vAelwEyk6fkqLI8uw9kWyZeQ/RURyuW qKriujz0odrQf6MMUwMJ5zIFyLe7wuQxSDApeZXZ8eP6R73Ic+tcqQC4+RvIf5f6PnJhOpKJ d5TDcO6YsqKTc27XzHdx3LUEHEaNrD30TLmXytBNccuW+QOfXQtXh2oKpRRt5qyzGG384r25 7yND1ta1HPM5amgMq8YsbZTnqQHl6NG5WgGBt3jiRUnPXyINrUCy79l51EP8JJiC3qtQPufj nWtGCmovr5ZWeKIpk3s2elkk+zRUb4UViuvEX+qweMRu2R8uIfPpWG7UFQ/et7BFkfMl1O+t M+DFdNVaYtfgHICwyLoTGIDFDv4W3dqISTsU+z/YzSiGCH3rFqdabJfF3no0nyUAqkb5Yn+X 2X22JAq/N7LKrDf3uLy+sMVGHwoQI9T0WkyMpkkBYT777cAaBQARAQABtCNNYWNpbnRvc2gg S2V5IDx3YXR0ZXJzbUB3YXR0ZXJzLndzPokCPQQTAQoAJwIbAwULCQgHAwUVCgkICwUWAgMB AAIeAQIXgAUCXhCt4QUJCyD2FwAKCRAFjwxRWGyoxgHFEACi0g4rpqfD6vJy3j9L7Xa3vEWR 1o27goTsPGbTETo2xT2RshG2mmmpDF/gxXUR7mUziiYNGynrOf1Rx05QhrrHYB6lTOPxlAVT ce5jJ24+WH3Mpy0eYtB2m6JgoVZtjYN9E7Wbvj2rYLlxQqlC5vzcXsLd5fsP+GeZnRwY3OIv WAk7cszx/QPmDFgSa7zF3JCT63yGutX8g+alKPAM92oy99KtjtO6ZpV7k/niwBE0QFTvCNZa kEdaAIFXJ8F7oc50KDowWpSP6zu8MkkCccPNAwM8VtZ21648yIvbtVo16KSxcWSR8DiGuqYz wPorqf3FQzpI4g8bfQUoezIJLus0slkIE0Nn3P1RKxKxcU3ehauPEcqJIowmdpeY7qsYB4Im G9ckIjBZXaKnifg73IB+bJlFY/pOR3c57xsYmzLujAvCsCDvKUENJ84aA/7AQWQjXUGelbQE 3Iqy32D9hOr0loSQWvDcT3yUovOaCykmiOl7I3bCV52kRXAiOVcEXtPdempVY309bq8RovFN pKVfxrkvEfZ8+1+C8xB9c4lpcDjOQ/5vbteSUEVK+blgX/6y4oDus3CphbmyaawAiKfykZJb EQjwhBuRdG9ytpdjdWC4H0ZgEyua4xFVeSy9jZopttya4r5JmLd2vzEkyOxTxGQcC80x57ia MmjK4ZR7Kw== Message-ID: <34c12aae-1855-3837-209d-03bfc422a6bd@watters.ws> Date: Sun, 16 Feb 2020 08:54:16 -0500 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.4.2 MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <20200215064911.GF1482@admin.sibptus.ru> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Language: en-US X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 48L7rq1nVkz3FCC X-Spamd-Bar: - Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; dkim=none; dmarc=none; spf=pass (mx1.freebsd.org: domain of wattersm@watters.ws designates 165.227.44.84 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=wattersm@watters.ws X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-1.63 / 15.00]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.81)[-0.807,0]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+mx:c]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_ALL(0.00)[]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; PREVIOUSLY_DELIVERED(0.00)[freebsd-questions@freebsd.org]; RCPT_COUNT_ONE(0.00)[1]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.00)[-0.996,0]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[watters.ws]; IP_SCORE(0.38)[ipnet: 165.227.32.0/20(0.46), asn: 14061(1.47), country: US(-0.05)]; RCVD_NO_TLS_LAST(0.10)[]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; ASN(0.00)[asn:14061, ipnet:165.227.32.0/20, country:US]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.29 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sun, 16 Feb 2020 13:54:20 -0000 On 2/15/2020 1:49 AM, Victor Sudakov wrote: > Ralf Mardorf via freebsd-questions wrote: >> Another PITA on Linux machines are drop directories, overriding sane >> configs, providing everything in one place. >> >> IOW a user might rely on /etc/foo.conf , but an update despotic instal= ls >> >> /etc/foo.d/10-bar.conf >> >> and >> >> /etc/foo.d/20-bra.conf >> >> overriding all the values chosen for bar and bra by the admin, stored >> in /etc/foo.conf . >> >> An update never ever would replace /etc/foo.conf . On Arch Linux it >> would be stored as /etc/foo.conf.pacnew , almost all Linux distros >> provide such a solution, but the admin is screwed, if an update does >> add a file to /etc/foo.d/ . > FreeBSD has taken this path too (looking at /etc/rc.conf.d/, /etc/cron.= d > and numerous others). > > FreeBSD's config merging solutions (mergemaster for src updates and > freebsd-update calling sdiff) are pretty good IMHO. Drop directories are actually a good thing and make managing a system using configuration tools like puppet and ansible much easier.=A0 Want to= add a cron job?=A0 Just drop a file in /usr/local/etc/cron.d.=A0 To disab= le the job just remove the file.=A0 You don't have to worry about conflictin= g with other job definitions or mess around with the user's crontab.=A0