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Date: Mon, 29 Jul 1996 14:06:41 -0600
From: Sean Kelly <kelly@fsl.noaa.gov>
To: doc@freebsd.org
Subject: Patch for printing.sgml
Sender: owner-doc@freebsd.org
X-Loop: FreeBSD.org
Precedence: bulk

Here are some diffs for printing.sgml that describe the stty-style
mode setting capability in /etc/printcap.  These diffs also clarify
printers connected in read/write mode and add some new text on
flow-control troubleshooting.

I've tested these diffs by running `patch < file' and then remaking
the handbook.  If you don't get similar results, please let me know
and I'll fix 'em!


--- /tmp/printing.sgml	Sun Jun 23 11:55:54 1996
+++ printing.sgml	Sun Jun 23 11:56:21 1996
@@ -851,10 +851,18 @@
 	      <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file using the <tt/lp/
 	      capability.
 
-	      In our running example, let us assume that <tt/rattan/ is
-	      on the first parallel port, and <tt/bamboo/ is on a
-	      sixth serial port; here are the additions to
-	      <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>:
+	      LPD opens the device in the <tt/lp/ capability in
+	      write-only mode.  To enable the spooling system to also
+	      read data from the printer, specify the <tt/rw/
+	      capability.
+
+	      In our running example, let us assume that <tt/rattan/
+	      is on the first parallel port, and <tt/bamboo/ is on a
+	      sixth serial port.  Also, because <tt/rattan/ is a
+	      PostScript printer and is capable of producing status
+	      messages, we want to open the port in both <em/read and
+	      write/ mode by using the <tt/rw/ capability.  Here are
+	      the additions to <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>:
 <code>
 #
 #  /etc/printcap for host rose - identified what devices to use
@@ -865,7 +873,7 @@
 
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:
 </code>
 
 	      If you do not specify the <tt/lp/ capability for a
@@ -905,50 +913,40 @@
 		  Sets the communications speed of the device to
 		  <it/bps-rate/, where <it/bps-rate/ can be 50, 75,
 		  110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400,
-		  4800, 9600, 19200, or 38400 bits-per-second.
-
-		<tag/<tt>fc&num;<it/clear-bits/</tt>/
-
-		  Clears the flag bits <it/clear-bits/ in the
-		  <tt/sgttyb/ structure after opening the device.
-
-		<tag/<tt>fs&num;<it/set-bits/</tt>/
+		  4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200
+		  bits-per-second.
 
-		  Sets the flag bits <it/set-bits/ in the <tt/sgttyb/
-		  structure.
+		<tag/<tt>ms=<it/stty-modes/</tt>/
 
-		<tag/<tt>xc&num;<it/clear-bits/</tt>/
+		  Sets termios communications parameters using a
+		  comma-separated list of identifiers compatible with
+		  the stty command.  See the termios(4) and the
+		  stty(1) manual pages for more information.
 
-		  Clears local mode bits <it/clear-bits/ after opening
-		  the device.
-
-		<tag/<tt>xs&num;<it/set-bits/</tt>/
-
-		  Sets local mode bits <it/set-bits/.
 	      </descrip>
-	      For more information on the bits for the <tt/fc/,
-	      <tt/fs/, <tt/xc/, and <tt/xs/ capabilities, see the file
-	      <tt>/usr/include/sys/ioctl_compat.h</tt>.
-
-	      When LPD opens the device specified by the <tt/lp/
-	      capability, it reads the flag bits in the <tt/sgttyb/
-	      structure; it clears any bits in the <tt/fc/ capability,
-	      then sets bits in the <tt/fs/ capability, then applies
-	      the resultant setting.  It does the same for the local
-	      mode bits as well.
+	      You use these two capabilities to set up all of a serial
+	      device's communications parameters.  First, LPD sets the
+	      bps rate with the number you specify in the <tt/br/
+	      capability.  Then, starting with the device's current
+	      parameters as a default, it sets the options you specify
+	      in the <tt/ms/ capability.
 
 	      Let us add to our example printer on the sixth serial
-	      port.  We will set the bps rate to 38400. For the flag
-	      bits, we will set the TANDEM, ANYP, LITOUT, FLUSHO, and
-	      PASS8 flags.  For the local mode bits, we will set the
-	      LITOUT and PASS8 flags:
+	      port.  We will set the bps rate to 38400. We will set the
+	      communications parameters to 8 bits, 1 stop bit, and no
+	      parity.  We will use XON/XOFF (software) flow control on a
+	      local line without modem control and enable the
+	      receiver.  We will not post-process the output.  We will not
+	      echo any character received from the printer as that will
+	      definitely corrupt the printouts.
+
 <tscreen><verb>
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000c1:xs#0x820:
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:
 </verb></tscreen>
 
-
 	  <sect3><heading>Installing the Text Filter<label
 		id="printing:textfilter"></heading>
 
@@ -1011,7 +1009,8 @@
 
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:\
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
 	:if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:
 </code>
 
@@ -1158,9 +1157,10 @@
 		    <item>Have FreeBSD's serial line driver
 		      automatically convert LF to CR+LF. Of course,
 		      this works with printers on serial ports
-		      <em/only/.  To enable this feature, set the
-		      CRMOD bit in <tt/fs/ capability in the
-		      <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file for the printer.
+		      <em/only/.  To enable this feature, add the
+		      <tt/opost/ and <tt/onlcr/ options to the <tt/ms/
+		      capability in in the entry for the printer in
+		      the <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
 
 		    <item>Send an <em/escape code/ to the printer to
 		      have it temporarily treat LF characters
@@ -1238,25 +1238,35 @@
 		  The problem is that the printer cannot keep up with
 		  the speed at which the computer sends data over a
 		  serial line.  (This problem should not occur with
-		  printers on parallel ports.)  There are two ways to
-		  overcome the problem:
+		  printers on parallel ports.)  If the printer
+		  supports some kind of data <em/flow control/, have
+		  FreeBSD use it:
 		  <itemize>
-		    <item>If the printer supports XON/XOFF flow
-		      control, have FreeBSD use it by specifying the
-		      TANDEM bit in the <tt/fs/ capability.
+		    <item>If the printer supports XON/XOFF (software)
+		      flow control, specify the <tt/ixon/ and
+		      <tt/ixoff/ options in the <tt/ms/ capability in
+		      the entry for the printer in the
+		      <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
+
+		    <item>If the printer supports RTS/CTS flow
+		      control, specify the <tt/crtscts/ option in the
+		      <tt/ms/ capability.
+		      
+		    <item>If the printer supports DSR flow control,
+		      specify the <tt/dsrflow/ option in the <tt/ms/
+		      capability.
 
 		    <item>If the printer supports carrier flow
-		      control, specify the MDMBUF bit in the <tt/fs/
-		      capability.  Make sure the cable connecting the
-		      printer to the computer is correctly wired for
-		      carrier flow control.
-
-		    <item>If the printer does not support any flow
-		      control, use some combination of the NLDELAY,
-		      TBDELAY, CRDELAY, VTDELAY, and BSDELAY bits in
-		      the <tt/fs/ capability to add appropriate delays
-		      to the stream of data sent to the printer.
+		      control, specify the <tt/mdmbuf/ option in the
+		      <tt/ms/ capability.
 		  </itemize>
+		      
+		  For the last three flow control options, make sure
+		  the cable connecting the printer to the computer is
+		  correctly wired.
+
+		  If the printer has no flow control feature, try
+		  using a lower bps rate.
 
 		<tag/It printed garbage./
 
@@ -1266,10 +1276,9 @@
 		  This is usually another symptom of incorrect
 		  communications parameters with a serial printer.
 		  Double-check the bps rate in the <tt/br/ capability,
-		  and the parity bits in the <tt/fs/ and <tt/fc/
-		  capabilities; make sure the printer is using the
-		  same settings as specified in the
-		  <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
+		  and the parity options in the <tt/ms/ capability;
+		  make sure the printer is using the same settings as
+		  specified in the <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
 
 		<tag/Nothing happened./
 
@@ -2323,7 +2332,8 @@
 
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
 	:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
 	:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
 </code>
@@ -3321,7 +3331,8 @@
 
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
 	:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
 	:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
 </code>
@@ -3393,7 +3404,8 @@
 
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
 	:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
 	:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
 </code>
@@ -3451,7 +3463,8 @@
 #
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:mx#5000:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
 	:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
 	:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
 </code>
@@ -3524,7 +3537,8 @@
 <tscreen><verb>
 bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
 	:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:mx#5000:\
-	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:mx#5000:\
+	:lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+	:ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
 	:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
 	:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
 </verb></tscreen>