Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2024 07:32:39 +0200 From: Daniel Braniss <danny@cs.huji.ac.il> To: Cy Schubert <Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com> Cc: garyj@gmx.de, Tommy Johnson <tjohnson@bobdbob.com>, freebsd-hackers <hackers@freebsd.org> Subject: Re: How to add -listen tcp to Xorg Message-ID: <8FD4BE44-7EBA-4707-BD88-6A424A19E242@cs.huji.ac.il> In-Reply-To: <20240304033846.B9425139@slippy.cwsent.com> References: <543CC273-7A51-4C12-981B-493CA69BE5FE@cs.huji.ac.il> <20240303181000.52322886@ernst.home> <EDB87342-EC3A-48C6-9CFD-D620E98C04D5@cs.huji.ac.il> <20240303190551.7ad01ac6@ernst.home> <20240303132827.72fca2af6bce173d81794f32@bobdbob.com> <20240303200852.3d6e4ea6@ernst.home> <20240304033846.B9425139@slippy.cwsent.com>
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--Apple-Mail=_2B9CE2C6-2DAE-40A2-8D99-E59C434626DD Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii > On 4 Mar 2024, at 05:38, Cy Schubert <Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com> = wrote: >=20 > In message <20240303200852.3d6e4ea6@ernst.home = <mailto:20240303200852.3d6e4ea6@ernst.home>>, Gary Jennejohn writes: >> On Sun, 3 Mar 2024 13:28:27 -0500 >> Tommy Johnson <tjohnson@bobdbob.com> wrote: >>=20 >>> On Sun, 3 Mar 2024 18:05:51 +0000 >>> Gary Jennejohn <garyj@gmx.de> wrote: >>>=20 >>>> On Sun, 3 Mar 2024 19:29:14 +0200 >>>> Daniel Braniss <danny@cs.huji.ac.il> wrote: >>>>=20 >>>>> This is the trick that has worked for me since time immemorial: >>>>> In /etc/ttys: >>>>> ttyv8 "/usr/local/bin/xdm -nodaemon" xterm on secure >>>>>=20 >>>>=20 >>>> Well, it doesn't work now. >>>>=20 >>>> I've never used xdm and have no idea what options it supports. >>>=20 >>> I fixed the problem by editing the file Xservers in = /usr/local/etc/X11/x=3D >> dm >>> to look like: >>>=20 >>> :0 local /usr/local/bin/X :0 -listen tcp >>>=20 >>> I am using xdm from .../ports/x11/xdm , as opposed to any of the >>> newer reimplementations. >>>=20 >>=20 >> That's great! I was hoping that a solution like this could work, = since >> it's similar to xinit passing -listen tcp to the Xserver. >=20 > For xdm, add -listen tcp to your Xserver specification, i.e., in =09 > /usr/local/etc/X11/xdm/Xservers, >=20 > :0 local /usr/local/bin/X -terminate -listen tcp :0 >=20 > CDE's dtlogin's Xservers file serves the same purpose >=20 > The moral of the story is, whatever your desired method of starting = your=20 > Xserver, check the man page. Most display managers will have a=20 > configuration file to specify how to invoke the Xserver. I don't know = about=20 > gdm, kdm or sddm. >=20 > Normally one doesn't need to fiddle around with this as ssh tunnels X.=20= > However, in my experience tunneling through an ssh session is slow. If=20= > you're on a private network, like I am (I'm the only one using my = network)=20 > opening an unencrypted X TCP socket is fine. But if you're sharing = that=20 > network with other, i.e. work, school, etc., tunnel through ssh. The = rule=20 > of thumb is, tunnel through ssh. >=20 >=20 > --=20 > Cheers, > Cy Schubert <Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com = <mailto:Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com>> > FreeBSD UNIX: <cy@FreeBSD.org <mailto:cy@FreeBSD.org>> Web: = https://FreeBSD.org <https://freebsd.org/>; > NTP: <cy@nwtime.org <mailto:cy@nwtime.org>> Web: = https://nwtime.org <https://nwtime.org/>; >=20 > e^(i*pi)+1=3D0 --Apple-Mail=_2B9CE2C6-2DAE-40A2-8D99-E59C434626DD Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii <html><head><meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; = charset=3Dus-ascii"></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; = -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=3D""><br = class=3D""><div><br class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" class=3D""><div = class=3D"">On 4 Mar 2024, at 05:38, Cy Schubert <<a = href=3D"mailto:Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com" = class=3D"">Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com</a>> wrote:</div><br = class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=3D""><meta = charset=3D"UTF-8" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); = font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">In message <</span><a = href=3D"mailto:20240303200852.3d6e4ea6@ernst.home" style=3D"font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" = class=3D"">20240303200852.3d6e4ea6@ernst.home</a><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">>, Gary Jennejohn = writes:</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" style=3D"font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D"">On = Sun, 3 Mar 2024 13:28:27 -0500<br class=3D"">Tommy Johnson <<a = href=3D"mailto:tjohnson@bobdbob.com" = class=3D"">tjohnson@bobdbob.com</a>> wrote:<br class=3D""><br = class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" class=3D"">On Sun, 3 Mar 2024 = 18:05:51 +0000<br class=3D"">Gary Jennejohn <<a = href=3D"mailto:garyj@gmx.de" class=3D"">garyj@gmx.de</a>> wrote:<br = class=3D""><br class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" class=3D"">On Sun, 3 = Mar 2024 19:29:14 +0200<br class=3D"">Daniel Braniss <<a = href=3D"mailto:danny@cs.huji.ac.il" class=3D"">danny@cs.huji.ac.il</a>>= wrote:<br class=3D""><br class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" = class=3D"">This is the trick that has worked for me since time = immemorial:<br class=3D"">In /etc/ttys:<br class=3D""><span = class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space: pre;"> </span>ttyv8 = "/usr/local/bin/xdm -nodaemon" xterm on = secure<br class=3D""><br class=3D""></blockquote><br class=3D"">Well, it = doesn't work now.<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">I've never used xdm and = have no idea what options it supports.<br class=3D""></blockquote><br = class=3D"">I fixed the problem by editing the file Xservers in = /usr/local/etc/X11/x=3D<br class=3D""></blockquote>dm<br = class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" class=3D"">to look like:<br = class=3D""><br class=3D"">:0 local /usr/local/bin/X :0 -listen = tcp<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">I am using xdm from .../ports/x11/xdm , = as opposed to any of the<br class=3D"">newer reimplementations.<br = class=3D""><br class=3D""></blockquote><br class=3D"">That's great! = I was hoping that a solution like this could work, since<br = class=3D"">it's similar to xinit passing -listen tcp to the Xserver.<br = class=3D""></blockquote><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); = font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, = 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">For xdm, add -listen tcp to your Xserver specification, i.e., = in<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span = class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); = font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = pre; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;"> </span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">/usr/local/etc/X11/xdm/Xservers,</span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">:0 local /usr/local/bin/X = -terminate -listen tcp :0</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); = font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, = 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, = 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">CDE's dtlogin's Xservers file serves the same = purpose</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class=3D"">The moral of = the story is, whatever your desired method of starting your<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">Xserver, check the man page. = Most display managers will have a<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">configuration file to specify = how to invoke the Xserver. I don't know about<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">gdm, kdm or sddm.</span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">Normally one doesn't need to = fiddle around with this as ssh tunnels X.<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">However, in my experience = tunneling through an ssh session is slow. If<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">you're on a private network, = like I am (I'm the only one using my network)<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">opening an unencrypted X TCP = socket is fine. But if you're sharing that<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">network with other, i.e. work, = school, etc., tunnel through ssh. The rule<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">of thumb is, tunnel through = ssh.</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class=3D"">--<span = class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">Cheers,</span><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">Cy Schubert <</span><a = href=3D"mailto:Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com" style=3D"font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" = class=3D"">Cy.Schubert@cschubert.com</a><span style=3D"caret-color: = rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: = normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: = normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; = white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">></span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); = font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, = 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">FreeBSD UNIX: <</span><a = href=3D"mailto:cy@FreeBSD.org" style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; = font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; = font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: = start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D"">cy@FreeBSD.org</a><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">> Web: = </span><a href=3D"https://freebsd.org/" style=3D"font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D"">https://FreeBSD.org</a><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">NTP: = <</span><a = href=3D"mailto:cy@nwtime.org" style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; = font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; = font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: = start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D"">cy@nwtime.org</a><span = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; = display: inline !important;" class=3D"">> Web: = </span><a href=3D"https://nwtime.org/" style=3D"font-family: = Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: = normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D"">https://nwtime.org</a><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><br = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=3D""><span = class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); = font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; = font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; = text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: = pre; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none;"> </span><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"caret-color: = rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-style: = normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: = normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; = white-space: pre; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; = text-decoration: none;"> </span><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" = style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: = 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; = letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; = text-transform: none; white-space: pre; word-spacing: 0px; = -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"> = </span><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; = font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; = font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; = text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; = word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: = none; float: none; display: inline !important;" = class=3D"">e^(i*pi)+1=3D0</span></div></blockquote></div><br = class=3D""></body></html>= --Apple-Mail=_2B9CE2C6-2DAE-40A2-8D99-E59C434626DD--
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