From owner-freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG Sat Aug 5 04:50:15 2006 Return-Path: X-Original-To: freebsd-doc@hub.freebsd.org Delivered-To: freebsd-doc@hub.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.FreeBSD.org (mx1.freebsd.org [216.136.204.125]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1849A16A4E5 for ; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:50:15 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from gnats@FreeBSD.org) Received: from freefall.freebsd.org (freefall.freebsd.org [216.136.204.21]) by mx1.FreeBSD.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6E20843D53 for ; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:50:13 +0000 (GMT) (envelope-from gnats@FreeBSD.org) Received: from freefall.freebsd.org (gnats@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by freefall.freebsd.org (8.13.4/8.13.4) with ESMTP id k754oDD0001500 for ; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:50:13 GMT (envelope-from gnats@freefall.freebsd.org) Received: (from gnats@localhost) by freefall.freebsd.org (8.13.4/8.13.4/Submit) id k754oDml001498; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:50:13 GMT (envelope-from gnats) Resent-Date: Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:50:13 GMT Resent-Message-Id: <200608050450.k754oDml001498@freefall.freebsd.org> Resent-From: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@FreeBSD.org (GNATS Filer) Resent-To: freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org Resent-Reply-To: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@FreeBSD.org, chinsan Received: from mx1.FreeBSD.org (mx1.freebsd.org [216.136.204.125]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CE2EB16A4E2; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:42:14 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from chinsan.tw@gmail.com) Received: from smtp2.bc.hgc.com.tw (smtp2.bc.hgc.com.tw [203.133.1.156]) by mx1.FreeBSD.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4359643D70; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 04:42:04 +0000 (GMT) (envelope-from chinsan.tw@gmail.com) Received: from smtp2.bc.hgc.com.tw (u14-109.u203-187.giga.net.tw [203.187.14.109]) by smtp2.bc.hgc.com.tw (Postfix) with SMTP id E15A32F068; Sat, 5 Aug 2006 12:42:01 +0800 (CST) Received: by smtp2.bc.hgc.com.tw (sSMTP sendmail emulation); Sat, 5 Aug 2006 12:48:13 +0800 Message-Id: <20060805044201.E15A32F068@smtp2.bc.hgc.com.tw> Date: Sat, 5 Aug 2006 12:48:13 +0800 From: chinsan To: FreeBSD-gnats-submit@FreeBSD.org X-Send-Pr-Version: 3.113 Cc: vanilla@FreeBSD.org Subject: docs/101392: [UPDATE] zh_TW: Update handbook/ports to SVN#963 X-BeenThere: freebsd-doc@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.5 Precedence: list Reply-To: chinsan List-Id: Documentation project List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sat, 05 Aug 2006 04:50:15 -0000 >Number: 101392 >Category: docs >Synopsis: [UPDATE] zh_TW: Update handbook/ports to SVN#963 >Confidential: no >Severity: non-critical >Priority: low >Responsible: freebsd-doc >State: open >Quarter: >Keywords: >Date-Required: >Class: update >Submitter-Id: current-users >Arrival-Date: Sat Aug 05 04:50:12 GMT 2006 >Closed-Date: >Last-Modified: >Originator: chinsan >Release: FreeBSD 6.1-STABLE i386 >Organization: FreeBSD Taiwan >Environment: System: FreeBSD chinsan2.twbbs.org 6.1-STABLE FreeBSD 6.1-STABLE #1: Fri Jun 2 16:44:35 CST 2006 root@chinsan2.twbbs.org:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC i386 >Description: - Update handbook/ports to SVN#963 (patch URL http://chinsan2.twbbs.org/chinsan/zh_TW.Big5.20060805_5.diff) - ChangeLog (Trac Timeline) https://opensvn.csie.org/traccgi/freebsddoc/timeline >How-To-Repeat: >Fix: --- zh_TW.Big5.20060805_5.diff begins here --- diff -ruN zh_TW.Big5.orig/books/handbook/ports/chapter.sgml zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/ports/chapter.sgml --- zh_TW.Big5.orig/books/handbook/ports/chapter.sgml Thu Jul 20 14:27:17 2006 +++ zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/ports/chapter.sgml Sat Aug 5 12:26:55 2006 @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ 事實上，ports 機制還可以用來產生 packages，以便他人可以用 pkg_add 來安裝，或是稍後會介紹到的其他套件管理指令。 - 而 packages 以及 ports 它們都是一樣，都會認 dependencies(軟體相依關係)。 + 而 packages 以及 ports 它們都是一樣會認 dependencies(軟體相依關係)。 假設：您想安裝某程式，但它有相依另一個已裝的函式庫(library)， 而在 FreeBSD 的 port 以及 package 都有這程式以及該函式庫了。 所以無論是用 pkg_add 指令或者 port 方式來裝該程式， @@ -237,33 +237,26 @@ - If you know the exact name of the port, but just need to - find out which category it is in, you can use the - &man.whereis.1; command. - Simply type whereis - file, where - file is the program you want to - install. If it is found on your system, you will be told - where it is, as follows: + 若知道該 port 的正確名稱，但不知道放在哪個分類目錄， + 可以用 &man.whereis.1; 指令來找出來。 + 只要打 whereis + file 即可，而 + file 的地方請改為想裝的軟體名稱。 + 若找到該軟體，就會告訴你，就像下面這樣： &prompt.root; whereis lsof lsof: /usr/ports/sysutils/lsof - This tells us that lsof (a system - utility) can be found in the - /usr/ports/sysutils/lsof - directory. + 如此一來，就會知道 lsof (系統工具程式) 是放在 + /usr/ports/sysutils/lsof 目錄。 - Yet another way to find a particular port is by using the - Ports Collection's built-in search mechanism. To use the - search feature, you will need to be in the - /usr/ports directory. Once in that - directory, run make search - name=program-name where - program-name is the name of the - program you want to find. For example, if you were looking - for lsof: + 還有另一招，就是用 Ports Collection 本身內建的搜尋機制。 + 要用的時候，請先切換到 /usr/ports 目錄。 + 然後，打 make search + name=program-name，其中 + program-name 請改為想找的軟體名稱。 + 舉例來說，若要找的是 lsof 的話，那麼就是： &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports &prompt.root; make search name=lsof @@ -275,23 +268,19 @@ B-deps: R-deps: - The part of the output you want to pay particular - attention to is the Path: line, since that - tells you where to find the port. The other information - provided is not needed in order to install the port, so it - will not be covered here. - - For more in-depth searching you can also use make - search key=string where - string is some text to search for. - This searches port names, comments, descriptions and - dependencies and can be used to find ports which relate to a - particular subject if you do not know the name of the program - you are looking for. - - In both of these cases, the search string is case-insensitive. - Searching for LSOF will yield the same results as - searching for lsof. + 這些搜尋結果中，要注意的是 Path: 這行， + 因為這行會告訴你可以在哪邊找到該 port。 + 而搜尋結果的其他部分，因為與 port 安裝較無關係，所以這裡就不講了。 + + 若要更徹底的搜尋，那麼可以改用 make + search key=string，其中 + string 請改為想搜尋的關鍵字。 + 如此一來會找 port 名稱、軟體簡介(comments)、軟體敘述檔(descriptions) + 以及軟體相依關係(dependencies)裡面是否有符合關鍵字， + 此外，不清楚軟體名稱的話，也可以拿來找有符合關鍵字主題的 port。 + + 剛講的這兩種方式，搜尋字眼都是 case-insensitive(不必區分大小寫)。 + 比如，搜尋 LSOF 與 lsof 兩者結果都會是一樣的。 @@ -351,71 +340,52 @@ &prompt.root; pkg_add lsof-4.56.4.tgz - If you do not have a source of local packages (such as a - FreeBSD CD-ROM set) then it will probably be easier to use the - option to &man.pkg.add.1;. This will - cause the utility to automatically determine the correct - object format and release and then fetch and install the - package from an FTP site. + 若手邊沒有 package 來源(像是 FreeBSD 光碟)的話， + 那麼建議使用 &man.pkg.add.1; 時，加上 + 選項來更輕鬆安裝 package。如此一來，就會自動判斷正確的 package 格式、 + 以及所搭配的作業系統 release 版本， + 然後會自己從 FTP 站抓回、安裝相對應的 package。 pkg_add &prompt.root; pkg_add -r lsof - The example above would download the correct package and - add it without any further user intervention. - If you want to specify an alternative &os; Packages Mirror, - instead of the main distribution site, you have to set - PACKAGESITE accordingly, to - override the default settings. &man.pkg.add.1; - uses &man.fetch.3; to download the files, which honors various - environment variables, including - FTP_PASSIVE_MODE, FTP_PROXY, and - FTP_PASSWORD. You may need to set one or more - of these if you are behind a firewall, or need to use an - FTP/HTTP proxy. See &man.fetch.3; for the complete list. - Note that in the example above - lsof is used instead of - lsof-4.56.4. When the remote fetching - feature is used, the version number of the package must be - removed. &man.pkg.add.1; will automatically fetch the latest - version of the application. + 上面這例子會自動下載正確的 package 並安裝。 + 若想改換用其他 &os; Packages Mirror 站，那麼就要設定 PACKAGESITE 環境變數， + 如此一來才會取代預設設定。 &man.pkg.add.1; + 會用 &man.fetch.3; 指令來下載檔案，而 &man.fetch.3; 本身則會使用相關環境變數的設定， + 像是： + FTP_PASSIVE_MODE、FTP_PROXY 以及 + FTP_PASSWORD。 如果你網路環境處於 firewall 後面，或者需要用 + FTP/HTTP proxy 的話，那麼就需要設定。 設定細節請參閱 &man.fetch.3;。 + 請注意：上面所說的例子是寫 lsof 而非 + lsof-4.56.4。 當使用遠端抓取功能時，該 package 版號就不必加上去了。 + &man.pkg.add.1; 會自動下載該軟體的最新版回來安裝。 - &man.pkg.add.1; will download the latest version of - your application if you are using &os.current; or - &os.stable;. If you run a -RELEASE version, it will grab - the version of the package that was built with your - release. It is possible to change this behavior by - overriding the PACKAGESITE environment - variable. For example, if you run a &os; 5.4-RELEASE - system, by default &man.pkg.add.1; will try to fetch - packages from - ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5.4-release/Latest/. - If you want to force &man.pkg.add.1; to download - &os; 5-STABLE packages, set PACKAGESITE - to - ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-stable/Latest/. + 若用的是 &os.current; 或 &os.stable; 的話，&man.pkg.add.1; + 會自動下載該軟體最新版回來。 + 若用的是屬於 -RELEASE 版本，那麼他會抓回屬於該 release 上所編譯的 package。 + 也可以更改 PACKAGESITE 環境變數，以改變下載方式。 + 舉例來說，如果是 &os; 5.4-RELEASE 的話，那麼 &man.pkg.add.1; 預設會從 + ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5.4-release/Latest/ + 來抓 package。若要強制 &man.pkg.add.1; 下載 &os; 5-STABLE 所用的 package + ，那麼就把 PACKAGESITE 改設為 + ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-stable/Latest/即可。 - Package files are distributed in .tgz - and .tbz formats. You can find them at , - or on the FreeBSD CD-ROM distribution. Every CD on the - FreeBSD 4-CD set (and the PowerPak, etc.) contains packages - in the /packages directory. The layout - of the packages is similar to that of the - /usr/ports tree. Each category has its - own directory, and every package can be found within the - All directory. + Package 檔有 .tgz 以及 .tbz 兩種格式。 + 這些都可透過 ，或者 FreeBSd 光碟內取得。 + Every CD on the + FreeBSD 4 光碟套件內以及 PowerPak(威力包) 等等..每一片光碟都會在 /packages + 目錄內放 package。裡面的目錄架構類似 /usr/ports 的目錄架構。 + 每個分類都各自有專屬目錄，且每份 package 都會放在 All 目錄內。 - The directory structure of the package system matches the - ports layout; they work with each other to form the entire - package/port system. - + package 目錄架構與 port 的都一致；它們共同構成整個 package/port 系統機制。 @@ -426,9 +396,7 @@ packages managing - &man.pkg.info.1; is a utility that lists and describes - the various packages installed. - + &man.pkg.info.1; 可用來列出所有已安裝的軟體、軟體簡介。 pkg_info @@ -437,9 +405,8 @@ cvsup-16.1 A general network file distribution system optimized for CV docbook-1.2 Meta-port for the different versions of the DocBook DTD ... - &man.pkg.version.1; is a utility that summarizes the - versions of all installed packages. It compares the package - version to the current version found in the ports tree. + &man.pkg.version.1; 則是列出所有已安裝的軟體版本。 + 它會顯示已裝版本以及目前機器上 port tree 的版本差異。 pkg_version @@ -449,9 +416,7 @@ docbook = ... - The symbols in the second column indicate the relative age - of the installed version and the version available in the - local ports tree. + 第二欄的符號表示：已安裝的軟體版本與目前機器上 port tree 的版本差異。 @@ -464,27 +429,22 @@ - = The version of the - installed package matches the one found in the - local ports tree. + = 已裝的版本與目前機器上 port tree 的版本是同一版的。 + < - The installed version is older than the one available - in the ports tree. + 與目前機器上 port tree 版本相比起來，已裝的版本較舊。 - >The installed version is newer - than the one found in the local ports tree. (The local ports - tree is probably out of date.) - - ?The installed package cannot be - found in the ports index. (This can happen, for instance, if an - installed port is removed from the Ports Collection or - renamed.) + >與目前機器上 port tree 版本相比起來， + 已裝的版本較新。(可能是目前機器上 port tree 尚未更新。) + + ?已裝的軟體在 ports 索引內找無相關資料。 + (通常可能是，舉例來說：已安裝的該 port 已從 Ports Collection 中移除或改名了。) + - *There are multiple versions of the - package. + *該軟體同時有許多版本。 @@ -557,41 +517,37 @@ 請把 cvsup.tw.FreeBSD.org 請改成離你比較近(快)的 - CVSup Server。 + CVSup 主機。 這部分可以參閱完整的 CVSup mirror 站列表()。 - One may want to use his own - ports-supfile, for example to avoid - the need of passing the CVSup - server on the command line. + 若想改用自己設的 + ports-supfile，比如說，不想每次都得打指令來指定所使用的 + CVSup 主機。 - In this case, as root, copy + 這種情況下，請以 root 權限把 /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile - to a new location, such as - /root or your home - directory. + 複製到其他位置，比如 + /root 或者自己帳號的家目錄。 - Edit ports-supfile. + 修改新的 ports-supfile 檔。 - Change + 把 CHANGE_THIS.FreeBSD.org - to a CVSup server near - you. See CVSup - Mirrors () for - a complete listing of mirror sites. + 改為離你比較近(快)的 CVSup 主機。 + 這部分可以參閱完整的 CVSup + Mirrors () 站列表 - And now to run cvsup, use the - following: + 然後就開始以類似下列指令跑 cvsup： &prompt.root; cvsup -L 2 /root/ports-supfile @@ -600,52 +556,47 @@ - Running the &man.cvsup.1; command later will download and apply all - the recent changes to your Ports Collection, except - actually rebuilding the ports for your own system. + 執行 &man.cvsup.1; 之後，就會開始更新 Ports Collection。 + 不過這動作只是『更新』並不是『升級』，不會把已裝的軟體重新編譯、升級。 Portsnap 方式 - &man.portsnap.8; is an alternative system for distributing the - Ports Collection. It was first included in &os; 6.0. On older - systems, you can install it from sysutils/portsnap port: + &man.portsnap.8; 也是更新 Ports Collection 的方式之一。 + &os; 6.0 起開始內建 Portsnap 機制，而較舊的系統，則可透過 sysutils/portsnap port 來安裝： &prompt.root; pkg_add -r portsnap - Please refer to Using Portsnap - for a detailed description of all Portsnap - features. + Portsnap 細節功能，請參閱 + Portsnap 使用篇。 - Create an empty directory /usr/ports if it does not exists. + 若 /usr/ports 目錄不存在的話，就建立一下吧： &prompt.root; mkdir /usr/ports - Download a compressed snapshot of the Ports Collection into - /var/db/portsnap. You can - disconnect from the Internet after this step, if you wish. + 接下來，下載壓縮的 Ports Collection 定期更新檔到 + /var/db/portsnap 目錄。 + 完成下載後，要斷線與否都可以。 &prompt.root; portsnap fetch - If you are running Portsnap for the - first time, extract the snapshot into /usr/ports: + 若是第一次跑 Portsnap 的話，則需要先解壓到 /usr/ports： &prompt.root; portsnap extract - If you already have a populated /usr/ports and you are just updating, - run the following command instead: + 若已有 /usr/ports 而且只是想更新而已，那麼就照下面作： &prompt.root; portsnap update @@ -655,55 +606,51 @@ Sysinstall 方式 - This method involves using sysinstall - to install the Ports Collection from the installation media. Note - that the old copy of Ports Collection from the date of the release - will be installed. If you have Internet access, you should always - use one of the methods mentioned above. + 這方式要用 sysinstall 透過安裝來源來裝 Ports Collection。 + 請注意：所安裝的 Ports Collection 版本只是該 release 發佈時的版本而已，而非最新。 + 若能上網(Internet)的話，請使用上述方式之一會比較好。 - As root, run - sysinstall - (/stand/sysinstall in &os; - versions older than 5.2) as shown below: + 以 root 權限執行 + sysinstall + (在 &os; 5.2 之前版本則是 /stand/sysinstall)，方式如下： &prompt.root; sysinstall - Scroll down and select Configure, - press Enter. + 請以方向鍵移動選擇項目，選擇 Configure，然後按 + Enter 鍵。 - Scroll down and select - Distributions, press - Enter. + 選擇 + Distributions，然後按 + Enter 鍵。 - Scroll down to ports, press - Space. + 選擇 ports，然後按 + Space 鍵。 - Scroll up to Exit, press - Enter. + 選 Exit，然後按 + Enter 鍵。 - Select your desired installation media, such as CDROM, - FTP, and so on. + 選擇要用的安裝來源，比如：CDROM(光碟)、FTP 等方式。 - Scroll up to Exit and press - Enter. + 選 Exit，然後按 + Enter 鍵。 - Press X to exit - sysinstall. + 按下 X 鍵就可離開 + sysinstall 程式。 @@ -715,113 +662,88 @@ ports installing - The first thing that should be explained when it comes to - the Ports Collection is what is actually meant by a - skeleton. In a nutshell, a port skeleton is a - minimal set of files that tell your FreeBSD system how to - cleanly compile and install a program. Each port skeleton - includes: + 提到 Ports Collection，首先要先說明的是：何謂 skeleton。 + 簡單來講，port skeleton 就是讓軟體如何在 FreeBSD 順利編譯、安裝的最基本檔案組合。 + 每份 port skeleton 基本上會有： - A Makefile. The - Makefile contains various statements - that specify how the application should be compiled and - where it should be installed on your system. + Makefile 檔。 + 這個 Makefile 內容有分許多部分， + 是用來指定要如何編譯，以及該裝在系統的何處。 - A distinfo file. This file - contains information about the files that must be - downloaded to build the port and their checksums, to - verify that files have not been corrupted during the - download using &man.md5.1;. + distinfo 檔。 + 編譯該軟體所需下載的檔案、checksum(檢驗檔案用)都會記錄在這檔， + 並會用 &man.md5.1; 相關工具來確保所下載的檔案是正確無誤的。 - A files directory. This - directory contains patches to make the program compile and - install on your FreeBSD system. Patches are basically - small files that specify changes to particular files. - They are in plain text format, and basically say - Remove line 10 or Change line 26 to - this .... Patches are also known as - diffs because they are generated by the - &man.diff.1; program. + files 目錄。 這目錄放的是讓軟體正常編譯、安裝的 patch 檔。 + Patches 檔基本上是一些小檔案，並針對特定檔案來做修改，且是純文字檔格式， + 基本上內容通常會像是 Remove line 10(刪除第 10 行) 或 + Change line 26 to this ...(把第 26 行改為...) 之類的。 + 這些 Patches 通常也稱為 diffs + ，因為都是由 &man.diff.1; 程式所產生的。 - This directory may also contain other files used to build - the port. + 此外，本目錄也可能會放一些協助編譯該 port 的檔案。 - A pkg-descr file. This is a more - detailed, often multiple-line, description of the program. + pkg-descr 檔，內容是比較詳細的軟體介紹，通常會寫得比較多行。 - A pkg-plist file. This is a list - of all the files that will be installed by the port. It - also tells the ports system what files to remove upon - deinstallation. + pkg-plist 檔，該 port 會安裝的所有檔案清單。 + 也是告訴系統在移除該 port 時，需要刪除哪些檔案。 - Some ports have other files, such as - pkg-message. The ports system uses these - files to handle special situations. If you want more details - on these files, and on ports in general, check out the 有些 port 還會有其他檔案，像是 pkg-message 檔。 + port 系統在一些情況時，會用這些檔案。 + 如果想知道這些檔案的更多細節用途，以及 port 一般用法，請參閱 FreeBSD Porter's - Handbook. + Handbook。 - The port includes instructions on how to build source - code, but does not include the actual source code. You can - get the source code from a CD-ROM or from the Internet. - Source code is distributed in whatever manner the software - author desires. Frequently this is a tarred and gzipped file, - but it might be compressed with some other tool or even - uncompressed. The program source code, whatever form it comes - in, is called a distfile. The two methods for - installing a &os; port are described below. + port 內寫的是告訴系統如何編譯 source code 的相關指令，但並不是真正的 source code。 + 而 source code 可以從光碟或網路(Internet)來取得， + 該軟體開發者可能會把 source code 以各種格式來發佈。 + 通常是以 tar 以及 gzip 這兩者工具一起壓縮的檔案，也有可能是以其他工具壓縮，或根本沒壓縮。 + 而軟體的 source code 無論是以哪一種壓縮檔型態，我們都稱之為 distfile。 + 下面將介紹兩種安裝 &os; port 的方式。 - You must be logged in as root to - install ports. + 要安裝 port 的話，請務必切為 root 身份。 - Before installing any port, you should be sure to have - an up-to-date Ports Collection and you should check for security issues - related to your port. - - A security vulnerabilities check can be automatically - done by portaudit before any new - application installation. This tool can be found in the - Ports Collection (security/portaudit). Consider - running portaudit -F before installing a - new port, to fetch the current vulnerabilities database. A - security audit and an update of the database will be - performed during the daily security system check. For more - information read the &man.portaudit.1; and &man.periodic.8; - manual pages. + 在安裝任何 port 之前，請務必確認有更新 Ports Collection 到最新版， + 此外請檢閱 來檢查所要裝的 port + 是否有相關安全漏洞議題需要注意的。 + + portaudit 會在安裝任何 port 之前， + 先自動檢查是否有相關已知的安全漏洞。這個工具在 Ports Collection 內有 + (security/portaudit)。 + 在安裝 port 之前，可以先跑 portaudit -F 指令， + 如此一來就會抓最新的資安漏洞資料庫回來核對。 + 每天的系統定期安檢會自動更新資料庫，並作安全稽核。 + 詳情請參閱 &man.portaudit.1; 以及 &man.periodic.8; 的線上說明。 - The Ports Collection makes an assumption that you have a working - Internet connection. If you do not, you will need to put a copy of the - distfile into /usr/ports/distfiles - manually. + Ports Collection 會假設你的網路是可正常連線的。 + 如果沒有的話，那麼需手動把所需的 distfile 檔複製到 + /usr/ports/distfiles 才行。 - To begin, change to the directory for the port you want to - install: + 開始操作之前，要先進入打算安裝的 port 目錄內： &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/sysutils/lsof - Once inside the lsof directory, you - will see the port skeleton. The next step is to compile, or - build, the port. This is done by simply - typing make at the prompt. Once you have - done so, you should see something like this: + 一旦進入 lsof 目錄後，就可以看到這個 port 的 skeleton 結構。 + 接下來，就是編譯，也就是 build 這個 port。 + 只需簡單輸入 make 指令，就可輕鬆完成編譯。 + 完成後，應該可以看到類似下面訊息： &prompt.root; make >> lsof_4.57D.freebsd.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. @@ -843,11 +765,9 @@ ... &prompt.root; - Notice that once the compile is complete you are - returned to your prompt. The next step is to install the - port. In order to install it, you simply need to tack one word - onto the make command, and that word is - install: + 請注意：編譯完成後，就會回到提示列(prompt)。接下來就是安裝該 port 了， + 要裝的話，只需在原本的 make 指令後面再加上一個字即可， + 那個字就是 install： &prompt.root; make install ===> Installing for lsof-4.57 @@ -862,42 +782,35 @@ increased privileges. &prompt.root; - Once you are returned to your prompt, you should be able to - run the application you just installed. Since - lsof is a - program that runs with increased privileges, a security - warning is shown. During the building and installation of - ports, you should take heed of any other warnings that - may appear. - - It is a good idea to delete the working subdirectory, - which contains all the temporary files used during compilation. - Not only it consumes a valuable disk space, it would also cause - problems later when upgrading to the newer version of the port. + 一旦回到提示列(prompt)，就可以執行剛裝的程式了。 + 另外，因為 lsof 這程式執行時會有額外權限， + 所以會出現安全警告。在編譯、安裝 port 的時候， + 請留意任何出現的警告。 + + 此外，建議刪除編譯用的工作目錄(預設是 work)， + 這目錄內為在編譯過程中所用到的一些臨時檔案， + 這些檔案不只佔硬碟空間，而且也可能會在該 port 升級新版時， + 造成不必要的困擾。 &prompt.root; make clean ===> Cleaning for lsof-4.57 &prompt.root; - You can save an extra step by just running make - install clean instead of make, - make install and make clean - as three separate steps. + 用 make install clean 就可以一口氣完成剛所說 + make、make install、 + make clean 這三個步驟了。 - Some shells keep a cache of the commands that are - available in the directories listed in the - PATH environment variable, to speed up - lookup operations for the executable file of these - commands. If you are using one of these shells, you might - have to use the rehash command after - installing a port, before the newly installed commands can - be used. This command will work for shells like - tcsh. Use the hash -r - command for shells like sh. Look at the - documentation for your shell for more information. + 有些 shell 會依據 PATH 環境變數的路徑， + 把那些路徑的執行檔 cache 起來，來加速搜尋執行檔。 + 如果你用的是這類的 shell，那麼在裝完 port 後需要打 + rehash 指令，才能執行新裝的執行檔，而 + rehash 指令可以在 tcsh + 之類的 shell 上使用，若是 sh 的話，則是 + hash -r。 + 詳情請參閱你所使用的 shell 相關文件。 Some third party DVD-ROM products such as the FreeBSD Toolkit --- zh_TW.Big5.20060805_5.diff ends here --- >Release-Note: >Audit-Trail: >Unformatted: