Date: Fri, 25 Feb 2000 15:49:16 +0000 From: Mark Ovens <mark@ukug.uk.freebsd.org> To: "Michael J. Walsh" <mike@walshm.npt.nuwc.navy.mil> Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Why is my new kernel so big? Message-ID: <20000225154915.D326@marder-1> In-Reply-To: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0002250927430.11726-200000@walshm.npt.nuwc.navy.mil>; from mike@walshm.npt.nuwc.navy.mil on Fri, Feb 25, 2000 at 10:03:06AM -0500 References: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0002250927430.11726-200000@walshm.npt.nuwc.navy.mil>
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On Fri, Feb 25, 2000 at 10:03:06AM -0500, Michael J. Walsh wrote:
>
> I just installed FreeBSD 3.4 (January 2000 CD-ROM release) for the first
> time on a machine with dual Pentium III 600 processors. The only hard
> disk is devoted entirely to FreeBSD. I did a novice install using
> sysintall, and everything works great! I did not use UserConfig to
> configure the kernel for SMP at this point because it did not look
> possible.
>
> Then I decided to configure my kernel for SMP. I followed the procedure
> listed in Greg Lehey's book (3-rd edition) for rebuilding the
> kernel; specifically, I
>
> 1. Enabled the SMP options in a copy of the GENERIC cofiguration file
> (attached) and disabled the inappropriate cpu options,
>
> machine "i386"
> #cpu "I386_CPU"
> #cpu "I486_CPU"
> cpu "I586_CPU"
> cpu "I686_CPU"
> ident GENERIC
> maxusers 32
>
> # To make an SMP kernel, the next two are needed
> options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel
> options APIC_IO # Symmetric (APIC) I/O
> # Optionally these may need tweaked, (defaults shown):
> options NCPU=2 # number of CPUs
> options NBUS=3 # number of busses
> options NAPIC=1 # number of IO APICs
> options NINTR=24 # number of INTs
>
> 2. Added the MAXMEM = 128 Mb line to make sure my system recognizes all of
> its memory (probably unnecessary),
>
> options "MAXMEM=(128*1024)"
>
> I then did make to compile and link the new kernel. My question is
> this: Why is my new kernel so big? A long listing on the new kernel gives
>
> > ll /sys/compile/WALSHM-SMP/kernel
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 11568413 Feb 25 09:19
> /sys/compile/WALSHM-SMP/kernel*
>
> The old kernel (the one created on installation) is considerably smaller:
>
> > ll /kernel
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 2341252 Dec 29 21:57 /kernel*
>
Somehow you've built a debug kernel. did you do ``config -g'' or have
you edited /etc/make.conf so that the line
CFLAGS= -O -pipe
has ``-g'' as well?
> Doesn't sysinstall essentially use the GENERIC configuration file when
> building the first kernel? Or is this file modified in some way
> during the installation by the hardware probes?
>
> Many thanks in advance,
>
> Mike
>
> p.s. I was a little confused by the output of mptable. It said NBUS=3
> and NINTR=24, which I used in my new config file. However, my motherboard
> (Matsonic MS7070SD) documentation says that it has
>
> 1 32-bit AGP slot
> 4 32-bit PCI slots
> 2 16-bit ISA slots
>
> What is NBUS refering to in the config file? Also, I could not extract
> any information on the "number of INTs" in my motherboard documentation,
> so I'm taking the mptable output on faith. I'm obviously not hardware
> literate.
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Michael J. Walsh Naval Undersea Warfare Center Divsion Newport, RI
> Phone: 401.832.4155 22 Combat Systems Dept, 221 Advanced Systems Division
> Fax: 401.832.4749 2211, Information Processing Branch
> #
> # WALSHM-SMP -- Configuration file for Dual Pentium III 600 system
> #
> # For more information on this file, please read the handbook section on
> # Kernel Configuration Files:
> #
> # http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html
> #
> # The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
> # if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
> # FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/) for the
> # latest information.
> #
> # An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
> # device lines is also present in the ./LINT configuration file. If you are
> # in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first in LINT.
> #
> # $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.143.2.24 1999/12/05 01:56:42 luoqi Exp $
>
> machine "i386"
> #cpu "I386_CPU"
> #cpu "I486_CPU"
> cpu "I586_CPU"
> cpu "I686_CPU"
> ident GENERIC
> maxusers 32
>
> options "MAXMEM=(128*1024)"
>
> options MATH_EMULATE #Support for x87 emulation
> options INET #InterNETworking
> options FFS #Berkeley Fast Filesystem
> options FFS_ROOT #FFS usable as root device [keep this!]
> options MFS #Memory Filesystem
> options MFS_ROOT #MFS usable as root device, "MFS" req'ed
> options NFS #Network Filesystem
> options NFS_ROOT #NFS usable as root device, "NFS" req'ed
> options MSDOSFS #MSDOS Filesystem
> options "CD9660" #ISO 9660 Filesystem
> options "CD9660_ROOT" #CD-ROM usable as root. "CD9660" req'ed
> options PROCFS #Process filesystem
> options "COMPAT_43" #Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]
> options SCSI_DELAY=15000 #Be pessimistic about Joe SCSI device
> options UCONSOLE #Allow users to grab the console
> options FAILSAFE #Be conservative
> options USERCONFIG #boot -c editor
> options VISUAL_USERCONFIG #visual boot -c editor
> options KTRACE #ktrace(1) syscall trace support
> options SYSVSHM #SYSV-style shared memory
> options SYSVMSG #SYSV-style message queues
> options SYSVSEM #SYSV-style semaphores
>
> config kernel root on wd0
>
> # To make an SMP kernel, the next two are needed
> options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel
> options APIC_IO # Symmetric (APIC) I/O
> # Optionally these may need tweaked, (defaults shown):
> options NCPU=2 # number of CPUs
> options NBUS=3 # number of busses
> options NAPIC=1 # number of IO APICs
> options NINTR=24 # number of INTs
>
> controller isa0
> controller pnp0 # PnP support for ISA
> controller eisa0
> controller pci0
>
> # Floppy drives
> controller fdc0 at isa? port "IO_FD1" bio irq 6 drq 2
> disk fd0 at fdc0 drive 0
> disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
>
> # IDE controller and disks
> options "CMD640" # work around CMD640 chip deficiency
> controller wdc0 at isa? port "IO_WD1" bio irq 14
> disk wd0 at wdc0 drive 0
> disk wd1 at wdc0 drive 1
>
> controller wdc1 at isa? port "IO_WD2" bio irq 15
> disk wd2 at wdc1 drive 0
> disk wd3 at wdc1 drive 1
>
> # ATAPI devices
> options ATAPI #Enable ATAPI support for IDE bus
> options ATAPI_STATIC #Don't do it as an LKM
> device acd0 #IDE CD-ROM
> device wfd0 #IDE Floppy (e.g. LS-120)
>
> # SCSI Controllers
> # A single entry for any of these controllers (ncr, ahb, ahc) is
> # sufficient for any number of installed devices.
> controller ncr0 # NCR/Symbios Logic
> controller ahb0 # EISA AHA1742 family
> controller ahc0 # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
> controller amd0 # AMD 53C974 (Teckram DC-390(T))
> controller isp0 # Qlogic family
> controller dpt0 # DPT Smartcache - See LINT for options!
>
> controller adv0 at isa? port ? cam irq ?
> controller adw0
> controller bt0 at isa? port ? cam irq ?
> controller aha0 at isa? port ? cam irq ?
> controller aic0 at isa? port ? cam irq ?
>
> # SCSI peripherals
> # Only one of each of these is needed, they are dynamically allocated.
> controller scbus0 # SCSI bus (required)
> device da0 # Direct Access (disks)
> device sa0 # Sequential Access (tape etc)
> device cd0 # CD
> device pass0 # Passthrough device (direct SCSI)
>
> # Proprietary or custom CD-ROM Interfaces
> device wt0 at isa? port 0x300 bio irq 5 drq 1
> device mcd0 at isa? port 0x300 bio irq 10
> device matcd0 at isa? port 0x230 bio
> device scd0 at isa? port 0x230 bio
>
> # atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
> controller atkbdc0 at isa? port IO_KBD tty
> device atkbd0 at isa? tty irq 1
> device psm0 at isa? tty irq 12
>
> device vga0 at isa? port ? conflicts
>
> # splash screen/screen saver
> pseudo-device splash
>
> # syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
> device sc0 at isa? tty
>
> # Enable this and PCVT_FREEBSD for pcvt vt220 compatible console driver
> #device vt0 at isa? tty
> #options XSERVER # support for X server
> #options FAT_CURSOR # start with block cursor
> # If you have a ThinkPAD, uncomment this along with the rest of the PCVT lines
> #options PCVT_SCANSET=2 # IBM keyboards are non-std
>
> # Floating point support - do not disable.
> device npx0 at isa? port IO_NPX irq 13
>
> # Power management support (see LINT for more options)
> device apm0 at isa? disable flags 0x31 # Advanced Power Management
>
> # PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
> #controller card0
> #device pcic0 at card?
> #device pcic1 at card?
>
> # Serial (COM) ports
> device sio0 at isa? port "IO_COM1" flags 0x10 tty irq 4
> device sio1 at isa? port "IO_COM2" tty irq 3
> device sio2 at isa? disable port "IO_COM3" tty irq 5
> device sio3 at isa? disable port "IO_COM4" tty irq 9
>
> # Parallel port
> device ppc0 at isa? port? flags 0x40 net irq 7
> controller ppbus0 # Parallel port bus (required)
> device lpt0 at ppbus? # Printer
> device plip0 at ppbus? # TCP/IP over parallel
> device ppi0 at ppbus? # Parallel port interface device
> #controller vpo0 at ppbus? # Requires scbus and da0
>
> # PCI Ethernet NICs.
> device al0 # ADMtek AL981 (``Comet'')
> device ax0 # ASIX AX88140A
> device de0 # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')
> device fxp0 # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
> device mx0 # Macronix 98713/98715/98725 (``PMAC'')
> device pn0 # Lite-On 82c168/82c169 (``PNIC'')
> device rl0 # RealTek 8129/8139
> device sf0 # Adaptec AIC-6915 DuraLAN (``Starfire'')
> device sis0 # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
> device ste0 # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550)
> device tl0 # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
> device tx0 # SMC 9432TX (83c170 ``EPIC'')
> device vr0 # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
> device vx0 # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')
> device wb0 # Winbond W89C840F
> device xl0 # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')
>
> # ISA Ethernet NICs.
> # Order is important here due to intrusive probes, do *not* alphabetize
> # this list of network interfaces until the probes have been fixed.
> # Right now it appears that the ie0 must be probed before ep0. See
> # revision 1.20 of this file.
> device ed0 at isa? port 0x280 net irq 10 iomem 0xd8000
> device ie0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq 10 iomem 0xd0000
> device ep0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq 10
> device ex0 at isa? port? net irq?
> device fe0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq ?
> device le0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq 5 iomem 0xd0000
> device lnc0 at isa? port 0x280 net irq 10 drq 0
> device cs0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq ?
> # requires PCCARD (PCMCIA) support to be activated
> #device xe0 at isa? port? net irq ?
>
> # PCCARD NIC drivers.
> # ze and zp take over the pcic and cannot coexist with generic pccard
> # support, nor the ed and ep drivers they replace.
> device ze0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq 10 iomem 0xd8000
> device zp0 at isa? port 0x300 net irq 10 iomem 0xd8000
>
> # Pseudo devices - the number indicates how many units to allocated.
> pseudo-device loop # Network loopback
> pseudo-device ether # Ethernet support
> pseudo-device sl 1 # Kernel SLIP
> pseudo-device ppp 1 # Kernel PPP
> pseudo-device tun 1 # Packet tunnel
> pseudo-device pty 16 # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc)
> pseudo-device gzip # Exec gzipped a.out's
>
> # The `bpfilter' pseudo-device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
> # Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
> # The number of devices determines the maximum number of
> # simultaneous BPF clients programs runnable.
> pseudo-device bpfilter 1 #Berkeley packet filter
--
Microsoft: Where do you want to go today?
Linux: Where do you want to go tomorrow?
BSD: Are you guys coming, or what?
-Poster at LinuxWorld 2000
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