Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2007 23:20:59 +0200 From: "Federico Lorenzi" <florenzi@gmail.com> To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Any advice for a Partition Plan for a multi-jailed Server? Message-ID: <3a386af20709261420q6feca0f0kb14290ee527ba7b7@mail.gmail.com> In-Reply-To: <200709262305.26067.fbsd.questions@rachie.is-a-geek.net> References: <dec0591d0709261320l27aebdd3mce4a905e14474e81@mail.gmail.com> <200709262305.26067.fbsd.questions@rachie.is-a-geek.net>
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On 9/26/07, Mel <fbsd.questions@rachie.is-a-geek.net> wrote:
> On Wednesday 26 September 2007 22:20:11 Aliya Harbouri wrote:
> > Hi!
> >
> > I'm setting up a jailed server. I'm hoping to eventually use
> > sysutils/ezjail to deaden the pain a bit!
> >
> > First step, have to get the disks partitioned! They're unpacked, at least
> > ;-)
> >
> > I've read lots of comments like,
> >
> > "You should never setup your FreeBSD systems the way Linux or other
> > *nix's set them up."
> >
> > So, I'm looking for some Wisdom on how best to partition for the usage
> > I'm planning.
> >
> > The server's goal state is 4 jails, plus the non-jailed host:
> >
> > jail-1: DNS services {Bind9 & RBLDNSD}
> > jail-2: WebServer {Apache 22x + PHP5 + Perl 588 + MySQL 50x}
> > jail-3: mail server {Exim 468 + Spamassassin + ClamAV, etc.}
> > jail-4: an analysis/monitoring toolkit {Snort, Nagios, Nessus, etc.}
> >
> > I've got two identical 250 GB SATA2 drives available for this box.
> >
> > Although I have not yet grokked the whole "What's in a jail's dirs?"
> > issue, my initial stab at 'slices' is ~:
> >
> > drive 2:
> > / 2GB
> > /boot 2GB
>
> /boot *needs* to be on /. A loader looks for [bootdisk][bootslice]
> [a]/boot/loader.
>
> > /tmp 2GB
> > /swap 16GB Machine has 8GB RAM, so swap = 2X RAM
>
> Since you have 2 physical drives, you may want to do 8G on each drive. In the
> rare case it's needed, your system is in trouble and being able to swap on
> using 2 drives will be a plus.
>
> > /usr 50GB
> > /jails 178GB
> >
> > drive 2:
> > /var 100GB
> > /data 100GB MailStore, DBs, www source files, etc.
>
> Unless you're a packrat where logs are concerned, you can probably do with:
> /var 10G (on disk 1)
> And use:
> /var/db 100G - this will house MySQL primarily
> /var/spool 10-50G - any queues, most notably mail, disable softupdates. Adjust
> size to match your mail payload.
> /var/mail - "rest" - possibly disable softupdates.
>
> Allthough, I think MySQL will generally use less space then a mail storage,
> but this all depends on your users.
>
> > /home 20GB
>
> By default, the WWW root on bsd for apache is /usr/local/www and generally on
> servers like this, home can be done with 2G or less. *Unless* you plan on
> providing /~username/ service, then home might be on the light side.
>
> I'm generally a fan of separating trees that can grow out of proportion over
> time, so that you can dump(8) the partition and restore(8) it on a new drive
> without too much worry. Your mileage may vary.
>
> Also have a look at hier(7) manpage, it's quite informative about the default
> filesystem layout BSD uses.
> --
Um, from what I've understood, it's going to be a jail server, those
defaults would
be all well and good for a normal server, but in this case we want a big
/data. and moderate /jails.
Here are my recommendations:
/
-> Small, painfully so. 512MB
/var
-> Nothing should really go in here if you are using Jails. Including
EZjail, that should
be somewhere under /usr... 2GB
/tmp
-> Not to big really, remember everything goes in a Jail... 2GB
--> Symlink /var/tmp to here
/usr
-> Again, and now i sound like a broken record. However, since ports
can get quite
big be a little more generous... 15GB
/jails
-> Doesn't really need to be too big, the max I say one jail could
reach is 10GB without
data, which falls under /data... 50GB
/home
-> Should be medium sized... 20GB
/data
-> I have no clue what your requirements will be, so 100GB should
cover everything
a few times over... Rest of disk... ~170GB
This should be just fine, and you can have your disks in RAID 1.
As for performance, RAID 1 doubles read speed.
Cheers
Federico
PS) I take you know how to use NullFS and the like?
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