Date: Thu, 15 Feb 2007 06:51:07 -0800 From: "Ted Mittelstaedt" <tedm@toybox.placo.com> To: <perryh@pluto.rain.com>, <bloodyveins@gmail.com>, <alabattai@gmail.com> Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: GMail [and other free email] and these lists? Message-ID: <010a01c75110$ba4ccb30$3c01a8c0@coolf89ea26645> References: <20070212163116.7219.GERARD@seibercom.net><8a0028260702121345p3a89084co1787fcfb571a2708@mail.gmail.com><20070212165256.722C.GERARD@seibercom.net><000f01c74f35$a844f160$3c01a8c0@coolf89ea26645><8a0028260702140556y68c1b3c7ted537f5927657909@mail.gmail.com><cb5206420702140559m198c21ei8a3ee85c1a8311ff@mail.gmail.com><14989d6e0702140655r6fb83178g8c605cf3b3db3f83@mail.gmail.com><3ee9ca710702140702u4ad65d77xb121b249d00fa561@mail.gmail.com><58ebaa710702140716g30fb5f60m4493775d7e742ce1@mail.gmail.com><f2a3b62e0702141248r18b63a03h524698a78845851e@mail.gmail.com> <45d429a0.7qb116GlpL7pk9dQ%perryh@pluto.rain.com>
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----- Original Message ----- From: <perryh@pluto.rain.com> To: <bloodyveins@gmail.com>; <alabattai@gmail.com> Cc: <freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> Sent: Thursday, February 15, 2007 1:36 AM Subject: Re: GMail [and other free email] and these lists? > > > > space on my ancient PII. > > > > > > wow, PII these days.. > > > is anybody still running on 486? :D > > > > I am. :P As a small router, I does it's work just fine. :D > > I've got a 486 FreeBSD-based GNATbox firewall, temporarily in > retirement until I get around to switching DSL ISPs, but my entry > in the geriatric-hardware-still-in-use dept. is a Sun-3/50, with > SunOS 4.1.1_U1, as UUCP-connected mailhost :) > > The Sun has a goofy MTU problem though -- anyone been around long > enough to remember what magic is needed to get one of those to work > properly when talking through a 10Base-T hub? I think the patch here is what you want: http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/sipb/project/doc/ikernel/ikernel.ps You will need postscript to print it out. you might look here too: http://www.sunmanagers.org/archives/1996/0771.html Under SunOS, I typically apply the multicast patches (available from ftp://parcftp.xerox.com/pub/net-research/ipmulti/), as well as support for the Berkeley Packet Filter (ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/bpf.tar.Z). I'm alsocareful to turn on UDP checksums5, increase the size of tcpsendspace and tcprecvspace, and increase theTCP MSS (Maximum Segment Size) from the lame default of 512 to 14606. To accomplish this, I addthese lines to my config file7:# Various parameters in in_proto.c:options "TCPSENDSPACE=\(1024*64\)" # We liv e in a world of high bw*delay,options "TCPRECVSPACE=\(1024*64\)" # so lets try and deal.options "TCPDEFAULTMSS=1460" # Tcp max. segment size.options "UDPCKSUM=-1"# Udp checksumsAnd then apply the following patch to /sys/netinet/in_proto.c:*** in_proto.c1996/02/21 04:33:251.2--- in_proto.c1996/02/21 05:01:391.35It used to be thought that UDP checksums weren't very important because packets wouldn't get corruptedvery often and they were expensive to compute. At this point computation isn't very expensive at all, and nothaving UDP checksums turned on can lead to corrupted data in surprising places, like the Domain Name Sys-tem (DNS). You really want them on.6Because SunOS doesn't support Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191), this may result in some packets beingfragmented by routers just before low-MTU links. IMHO, folks maintaining links with MTUs beneath 1500deserve to lose, so this result is just fine.7note. this whole section needs reformatting ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 5 -4-****************** 153,165 ***** Default TCP Maximum Segment Size - 512 to be conservative,* Higher for high-performance routers*/! int tcp_default_mss = 512;/** Default TCP buffer sizes (in bytes)*/! int tcp_sendspace = 1024*4;! int tcp_recvspace = 1024*4;/** size of "keep alive" probes.--- 153,174 ----* Default TCP Maximum Segment Size - 512 to be conservative,* Higher for high-performance routers*/! #ifndef TCPDEFAULTMSS! #define TCPDEFAULTMSS 512! #endif! int tcp_default_mss = TCPDEFAULTMSS;/** Default TCP buffer sizes (in bytes)*/! #ifndef TCPSENDSPACE! #define TCPSENDSPACE (1024*4)! #endif! #ifndef TCPRECVSPACE! #define TCPRECVSPACE (1024*4)! #endif! int tcp_sendspace = TCPSENDSPACE;! int tcp_recvspace = TCPRECVSPACE;/** size of "keep alive" probes. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 6 -5-****************** 170,176 ****int tcp_keepidle = TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE;/* for Keep-alives */int tcp_keepintvl = TCPTV_KEEPINTVL;! int udp_cksum = 0;/* turn on to check & generate udp checksums */int udp_ttl = 60; /* default time to live for UDPs *//*--- 179,188 ----int tcp_keepidle = TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE;/* for Keep-alives */int tcp_keepintvl = TCPTV_KEEPINTVL;! #ifndef UDPCKSUM! #define UDPCKSUM 0! #endif! int udp_cksum = UDPCKSUM; /* turn on to check & generate udp checksums */int udp_ttl = 60; /* default time to live for UDPs *//*5. Interactively debugging a kernelkadb, kgdb, ddb, symmon5.1. Using kadbkadb is the Sun kernel debugger. It may be booted with boot kadb at which point it the boot loaderloads the kernel debugger, and the kernel debugger then loads the SunOS or Solaris kernel.kadb accepts standard adb commands, including $c to continue (resume exection of the OS) and $qto quit (exit to the ROM monitor).6. Configuring kernel crash dumps7. Forcing a kernel crash dumpOn an OpenBOOT SPARC:0 set-pcgo8. Debugging a kernel crash dump8.1. Using adb or dbx8.2. Using crash9. Patching the kernel9.1. Patching variables9.2. Patching code ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 7 -6-9.2.1. Patching the running kernelDungeon would ask you, "Do you wish me to try to patch you?", and if you said "No", it wouldreport:What? You don't trust me? Why, only last week I patched a runningRSX system and it survived for over thirty seconds. Oh, well.10. AcknowledgementsWithout the inspiration of Inessential 'roff this document would never hav e been approached.11. Possible appendex A?ps, kill, etc. /afs/sipb/user/jhawk/src/openprom12. Possible appendix B?/afs/sipb/user/jhawk/src/sunostos13. ReferencesUnder SunOS, I typically apply the multicast patches (available from ftp://parcftp.xerox.com/pub/net-research/ipmulti/), as well as support for the Berkeley Packet Filter (ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/bpf.tar.Z). I'm alsocareful to turn on UDP checksums5, increase the size of tcpsendspace and tcprecvspace, and increase theTCP MSS (Maximum Segment Size) from the lame default of 512 to 14606. To accomplish this, I addthese lines to my config file7:# Various parameters in in_proto.c:options "TCPSENDSPACE=\(1024*64\)" # We liv e in a world of high bw*delay,options "TCPRECVSPACE=\(1024*64\)" # so lets try and deal.options "TCPDEFAULTMSS=1460" # Tcp max. segment size.options "UDPCKSUM=-1"# Udp checksumsAnd then apply the following patch to /sys/netinet/in_proto.c:*** in_proto.c1996/02/21 04:33:251.2--- in_proto.c1996/02/21 05:01:391.35It used to be thought that UDP checksums weren't very important because packets wouldn't get corruptedvery often and they were expensive to compute. At this point computation isn't very expensive at all, and nothaving UDP checksums turned on can lead to corrupted data in surprising places, like the Domain Name Sys-tem (DNS). You really want them on.6Because SunOS doesn't support Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191), this may result in some packets beingfragmented by routers just before low-MTU links. IMHO, folks maintaining links with MTUs beneath 1500deserve to lose, so this result is just fine.7note. this whole section needs reformatting ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 5 -4-****************** 153,165 ***** Default TCP Maximum Segment Size - 512 to be conservative,* Higher for high-performance routers*/! int tcp_default_mss = 512;/** Default TCP buffer sizes (in bytes)*/! int tcp_sendspace = 1024*4;! int tcp_recvspace = 1024*4;/** size of "keep alive" probes.--- 153,174 ----* Default TCP Maximum Segment Size - 512 to be conservative,* Higher for high-performance routers*/! #ifndef TCPDEFAULTMSS! #define TCPDEFAULTMSS 512! #endif! int tcp_default_mss = TCPDEFAULTMSS;/** Default TCP buffer sizes (in bytes)*/! #ifndef TCPSENDSPACE! #define TCPSENDSPACE (1024*4)! #endif! #ifndef TCPRECVSPACE! #define TCPRECVSPACE (1024*4)! #endif! int tcp_sendspace = TCPSENDSPACE;! int tcp_recvspace = TCPRECVSPACE;/** size of "keep alive" probes. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 6 -5-****************** 170,176 ****int tcp_keepidle = TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE;/* for Keep-alives */int tcp_keepintvl = TCPTV_KEEPINTVL;! int udp_cksum = 0;/* turn on to check & generate udp checksums */int udp_ttl = 60; /* default time to live for UDPs *//*--- 179,188 ----int tcp_keepidle = TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE;/* for Keep-alives */int tcp_keepintvl = TCPTV_KEEPINTVL;! #ifndef UDPCKSUM! #define UDPCKSUM 0! #endif! int udp_cksum = UDPCKSUM; /* turn on to check & generate udp checksums */int udp_ttl = 60; /* default time to live for UDPs *//*5. Interactively debugging a kernelkadb, kgdb, ddb, symmon5.1. Using kadbkadb is the Sun kernel debugger. It may be booted with boot kadb at which point it the boot loaderloads the kernel debugger, and the kernel debugger then loads the SunOS or Solaris kernel.kadb accepts standard adb commands, including $c to continue (resume exection of the OS) and $qto quit (exit to the ROM monitor).6. Configuring kernel crash dumps7. Forcing a kernel crash dumpOn an OpenBOOT SPARC:0 set-pcgo8. Debugging a kernel crash dump8.1. Using adb or dbx8.2. Using crash9. Patching the kernel9.1. Patching variables9.2. Patching code ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 7 -6-9.2.1. Patching the running kernelDungeon would ask you, "Do you wish me to try to patch you?", and if you said "No", it wouldreport:What? You don't trust me? Why, only last week I patched a runningRSX system and it survived for over thirty seconds. Oh, well.10. AcknowledgementsWithout the inspiration of Inessential 'roff this document would never hav e been approached.11. Possible appendex A?ps, kill, etc. /afs/sipb/user/jhawk/src/openprom12. Possible appendix B?/afs/sipb/user/jhawk/src/sunostos13. ReferencesUnder SunOS, I typically apply the multicast patches (available from ftp://parcftp.xerox.com/pub/net-Ted research/ipmulti/), as well as support for the Berkeley Packet Filter (ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/bpf.tar.Z). I'm alsocareful to turn on UDP checksums5, increase the size of tcpsendspace and tcprecvspace, and increase theTCP MSS (Maximum Segment Size) from the lame default of 512 to 14606. To accomplish this, I addthese lines to my config file7:# Various parameters in in_proto.c:options "TCPSENDSPACE=\(1024*64\)" # We liv e in a world of high bw*delay,options "TCPRECVSPACE=\(1024*64\)" # so lets try and deal.options "TCPDEFAULTMSS=1460" # Tcp max. segment size.options "UDPCKSUM=-1"# Udp checksumsAnd then apply the following patch to /sys/netinet/in_proto.c:*** in_proto.c1996/02/21 04:33:251.2--- in_proto.c1996/02/21 05:01:391.35It used to be thought that UDP checksums weren't very important because packets wouldn't get corruptedvery often and they were expensive to compute. At this point computation isn't very expensive at all, and nothaving UDP checksums turned on can lead to corrupted data in surprising places, like the Domain Name Sys-tem (DNS). You really want them on.6Because SunOS doesn't support Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191), this may result in some packets beingfragmented by routers just before low-MTU links. IMHO, folks maintaining links with MTUs beneath 1500deserve to lose, so this result is just fine.7note. this whole section needs reformatting ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 5 -4-****************** 153,165 ***** Default TCP Maximum Segment Size - 512 to be conservative,* Higher for high-performance routers*/! int tcp_default_mss = 512;/** Default TCP buffer sizes (in bytes)*/! int tcp_sendspace = 1024*4;! int tcp_recvspace = 1024*4;/** size of "keep alive" probes.--- 153,174 ----* Default TCP Maximum Segment Size - 512 to be conservative,* Higher for high-performance routers*/! #ifndef TCPDEFAULTMSS! #define TCPDEFAULTMSS 512! #endif! int tcp_default_mss = TCPDEFAULTMSS;/** Default TCP buffer sizes (in bytes)*/! #ifndef TCPSENDSPACE! #define TCPSENDSPACE (1024*4)! #endif! #ifndef TCPRECVSPACE! #define TCPRECVSPACE (1024*4)! #endif! int tcp_sendspace = TCPSENDSPACE;! int tcp_recvspace = TCPRECVSPACE;/** size of "keep alive" probes. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 6 -5-****************** 170,176 ****int tcp_keepidle = TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE;/* for Keep-alives */int tcp_keepintvl = TCPTV_KEEPINTVL;! int udp_cksum = 0;/* turn on to check & generate udp checksums */int udp_ttl = 60; /* default time to live for UDPs *//*--- 179,188 ----int tcp_keepidle = TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE;/* for Keep-alives */int tcp_keepintvl = TCPTV_KEEPINTVL;! #ifndef UDPCKSUM! #define UDPCKSUM 0! #endif! int udp_cksum = UDPCKSUM; /* turn on to check & generate udp checksums */int udp_ttl = 60; /* default time to live for UDPs *//*5. Interactively debugging a kernelkadb, kgdb, ddb, symmon5.1. Using kadbkadb is the Sun kernel debugger. It may be booted with boot kadb at which point it the boot loaderloads the kernel debugger, and the kernel debugger then loads the SunOS or Solaris kernel.kadb accepts standard adb commands, including $c to continue (resume exection of the OS) and $qto quit (exit to the ROM monitor).6. Configuring kernel crash dumps7. Forcing a kernel crash dumpOn an OpenBOOT SPARC:0 set-pcgo8. Debugging a kernel crash dump8.1. Using adb or dbx8.2. Using crash9. Patching the kernel9.1. Patching variables9.2. Patching code ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Page 7 -6-9.2.1. Patching the running kernelDungeon would ask you, "Do you wish me to try to patch you?", and if you said "No", it wouldreport:What? You don't trust me? Why, only last week I patched a runningRSX system and it survived for over thirty seconds. Oh, well.10. AcknowledgementsWithout the inspiration of Inessential 'roff this document would never hav e been approached.11. Possible appendex A?ps, kill, etc. /afs/sipb/user/jhawk/src/openprom12. Possible appendix B?/afs/sipb/user/jhawk/src/sunostos13. References
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