From owner-svn-doc-all@FreeBSD.ORG Mon Oct 29 23:08:22 2012 Return-Path: Delivered-To: svn-doc-all@freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [69.147.83.52]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CC48A650; Mon, 29 Oct 2012 23:08:22 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from rene@FreeBSD.org) Received: from svn.freebsd.org (svn.freebsd.org [IPv6:2001:4f8:fff6::2c]) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B19168FC0C; Mon, 29 Oct 2012 23:08:22 +0000 (UTC) Received: from svn.freebsd.org (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by svn.freebsd.org (8.14.4/8.14.4) with ESMTP id q9TN8M6N062857; Mon, 29 Oct 2012 23:08:22 GMT (envelope-from rene@svn.freebsd.org) Received: (from rene@localhost) by svn.freebsd.org (8.14.4/8.14.4/Submit) id q9TN8MD9062855; Mon, 29 Oct 2012 23:08:22 GMT (envelope-from rene@svn.freebsd.org) Message-Id: <201210292308.q9TN8MD9062855@svn.freebsd.org> From: Rene Ladan Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2012 23:08:22 +0000 (UTC) To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-translations@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r39840 - translations/nl_NL.ISO8859-1/books/faq X-SVN-Group: doc-translations MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-BeenThere: svn-doc-all@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.14 Precedence: list List-Id: "SVN commit messages for the entire doc trees \(except for " user" , " projects" , and " translations" \)" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 29 Oct 2012 23:08:22 -0000 Author: rene Date: Mon Oct 29 23:08:22 2012 New Revision: 39840 URL: http://svn.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/39840 Log: Finish merging revisions 33518 to 39763 Now the regular translation work remains. Modified: translations/nl_NL.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Modified: translations/nl_NL.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml ============================================================================== --- translations/nl_NL.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Mon Oct 29 19:10:54 2012 (r39839) +++ translations/nl_NL.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml Mon Oct 29 23:08:22 2012 (r39840) @@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ $FreeBSD$ %SOURCE% en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.xml - %SRCID% 33517 - SNV revision 33517 was CVS revision 1.1104 from 2008-12-24 10:32:40 UTC + %SRCID% 39763 --> De officiële &os;-fora bevinden zich op http://forums.FreeBSD.org/. + url="http://forums.FreeBSD.org/">http://forums.FreeBSD.org/. @@ -2319,28 +2318,38 @@ Symmetrische multi-processor (SMP) systemen worden over het algemeen ondersteund op &os;, echter in sommige - gevallen gooien BIOS of moederbord bugs roet in het - eten. Het nazoeken in de &a.smp; kan een aantal - indrukken geven. + gevallen gooien bugs in het BIOS of het moederbord roet in het + eten. &os; maakt gebruikt van HyperThreading (HTT) - ondersteuning op Intel CPU's, mits deze dat ondersteunen. + ondersteuning op &intel; CPU's, mits deze dat ondersteunen. Een kernel met de options SMP optie ingeschakeld, zal automatisch de extra logische processoren - detecteren. De standaard &os; scheduler behandeld deze - logische processoren hetzelfde als extra fysieke - processoren, met andere woorden, er wordt geen poging - gedaan om schedule optimalisatie beslissingen te nemen - vanwege de gedeelde bronnen tussen logische processoren - die zich op dezelfde CPU bevinden. Vanwege deze naieve - scheduling kan dit resulteren in suboptimale performance - waar het onder bepaalde voorwaarden nuttiger kan zijn om - de logische processor uit te schakelen met de - machdep.hlt_logical_cpus sysctl - variabele. Het is daarnaast ook mogelijk om elke CPU - te stoppen die zich in de idle-loop bevind, met de - machdep.hlt_cpus sysctl variable. De - &man.smp.4; handleiding heeft hierover meer details. + detecteren. + + &man.smp.4; bevat meer details. + + + + + + Wat is microcode? Hoe installeer ik updates voor microcode + van &intel; CPU's? + + + + Microcode is een methode om programmatisch instructies op + hardwareniveau te implementeren. Dit maakt het mogelijk om + CPU-bugs te repareren zonder de onboard-chip te hoeven + vervangen. + + Installeer sysutils/devcpu-data en voeg + daarna + + microcode_update_enable="YES" + + toe aan /etc/rc.conf. @@ -3539,7 +3548,7 @@ Checking for Plug-n-Play devices... Card assigned CSN #1 Vendor ID PMC2430 (0x3024a341), Serial Number 0xffffffff PnP Version 1.0, Vendor Version 0 -Device Description: Pace 56 Voice Internal Plug & Play Modem +Device Description: Pace 56 Voice Internal Plug & Play Modem Logical Device ID: PMC2430 0x3024a341 #0 Device supports I/O Range Check @@ -3785,7 +3794,7 @@ chip1@pci0:31:5: class=0x040100 c There is a known problem when enabling &intel; Enhanced - SpeedStep from the BIOS causes the kernel to start printing + SpeedStep from the BIOS: it causes the kernel to start printing calcru messages like this: calcru: runtime went backwards from 6 usec to 3 usec for pid 37 (pagezero) @@ -3835,7 +3844,7 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: ACPI-fastIt may be a broken ACPI timer. The simplest solution is to disable the ACPI timer in - /etc/loader.conf: + /boot/loader.conf: debug.acpi.disabled="timer" @@ -3999,7 +4008,7 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 An answer for this question can be found in the &os; - Glosssary, see LOR. @@ -4082,9 +4091,11 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 The open-source OpenOffice.org - office suite works natively on &os;. The &linux; version of + and LibreOffice + office suites work natively on &os;. The &linux; version of StarOffice, + url="http://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/open-office/index.html/">Oralce Open Office, the value-added closed-source version of OpenOffice.org, also works on &os;. @@ -4102,7 +4113,7 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 The Open Group has released the source code to - &motif; 2.2.2. You can + &motif;. You can install the x11-toolkits/open-motif package, or compile it from ports. Refer to Most ports should work on the - 6.X, - 7.X and - 8.X branches. Each time a &os; + &rel3.relx;, &rel2.relx;, and &rel.relx; branches. + Each time a &os; release is made, a snapshot of the ports tree at the time of release in also included in the ports/ directory. @@ -4291,31 +4301,32 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 - for 6.X-RELEASE/6-STABLE + for &rel3.relx; -RELEASE/&rel3.stable; ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6-stable + url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/&rel3.packages;/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/&rel3.packages; + - for 7.X-RELEASE/7-STABLE + for &rel2.relx; -RELEASE/&rel2.stable; ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-7-stable + url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/&rel2.packages;/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/&rel2.packages; - for 8-CURRENT + for &rel.relx; -RELEASE/&rel.stable; ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-current + url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/&rel.packages;/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/&rel.packages; @@ -4333,6 +4344,35 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 + + Hoe download ik de Ports-boom? Moet ik SVN gebruiken? + + + + Alle onderstaande methodes werken: + + + + Gebruik portsnap in de meeste situaties. + + + + Gebruik SVN rechtstreeks als eigen patches aan de ports-boom + nodig zijn. + + + + Gebruik CTM als u patches per e-mail wilt ontvangen (dit + is minder vaak het geval). + + + + Elke andere methode moet als verouderd worden beschouwd. Begin + er niet aan als u ze nog niet gebruikt. + + + + How do I configure INN (Internet News) for my machine? @@ -4341,9 +4381,9 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 After installing the news/inn package or port, an - excellent place to start is Dave Barr's INN Page - where you will find the INN FAQ. + excellent place to start are the INN + FAQ. @@ -4362,8 +4402,8 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 Why can I not build this port on my - 6.X or - 7.X-STABLE machine? + &rel3.relx; -, &rel2.relx; -, or + &rel.relx;-STABLE machine? @@ -4414,13 +4454,13 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 tree. This is particularly a problem for &os; users who - utilize &man.cvsup.1; (or &man.csup.1;) to track the Ports + utilize &man.csup.1; to track the Ports Collection but choose not to install certain categories by specifying them in refuse. In theory, one should be able to refuse categories, but in practice there are too many ports that depend on ports in other categories. Until someone comes up with a solution for this - problem, the general rule is is that if you want to build + problem, the general rule is that if you want to build INDEX, you must have a complete copy of the Ports Collection. @@ -4452,6 +4492,46 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 + + Moet ik telkens elke port hercompileren als ik een grote + versie-update uitvoer? + + + + Jazeker! Hoewel een recent systeem zal draaien met software + die gecompileerd is op een oudere uitgave, zal u blijven zitten met + dingen die willekeurig crashen en weigeren te werken als u eenmaal + andere ports installeert of een gedeelte van wat u al heeft + bijwerkt. + + Wanneer het systeem is bijgewerkt zullen verschillende + gedeelde bibliotheken, laadbare modules en andere gedeelten van het + systeem vervangen zijn door nieuwere versies. Applicaties die tegen + de oudere versies zijn gelinkt kunnen weigeren om te starten of in + andere gevallen weigeren om correct te werken. + + Zie voor meer informatie de sectie over upgrades in het &os; + Handboek. + + + + + + Moet ik telkens elke port hercompileren als ik een kleine + versie-update uitvoer? + + + + In het algemeen niet. De &os;-ontwikkelaars doen hun uiterste + best om binaire compatibiliteit te garanderen tussen alle uitgaven + met het zelfde grote versienummer. Elke uitzondering zal worden + gedocumenteerd in de Uitgavenotities en daar gegeven advies dient + te worden opgevolgd. + + + + Why is /bin/sh so minimal? Why does &os; not use bash or another @@ -4491,14 +4571,14 @@ kern.timecounter.hardware: TSC -> i82 - Why do &netscape; and + Why does Opera take so long to start? The usual answer is that DNS on your system is - misconfigured. Both &netscape; - and Opera perform DNS checks when + misconfigured. + Opera performs DNS checks when starting up. The browser will not appear on your desktop until the program either gets a response or determines that the system has no network connection. @@ -4834,7 +4914,7 @@ kern.sched.name: 4BSD &prompt.root; newfs /dev/ad1s1a &prompt.root; mount /dev/ad1s1a /mnt &prompt.root; cd /mnt -&prompt.root; dump 0af - / | restore xf - +&prompt.root; dump 0af - / | restore rf - Rearranging your partitions with dump takes a bit more work. To merge a partition like @@ -4846,9 +4926,9 @@ kern.sched.name: 4BSD &prompt.root; newfs /dev/ad1s1a &prompt.root; mount /dev/ad1s1a /mnt &prompt.root; cd /mnt -&prompt.root; dump 0af - / | restore xf - +&prompt.root; dump 0af - / | restore rf - &prompt.root; cd var -&prompt.root; dump 0af - /var | restore xf - +&prompt.root; dump 0af - /var | restore rf - To split a directory from its parent, say putting /var on its own partition when it was @@ -4862,7 +4942,7 @@ kern.sched.name: 4BSD &prompt.root; mkdir /mnt/var &prompt.root; mount /dev/ad1s1d /mnt/var &prompt.root; cd /mnt -&prompt.root; dump 0af - / | restore xf - +&prompt.root; dump 0af - / | restore rf - You might prefer &man.cpio.1;, &man.pax.1;, &man.tar.1; to &man.dump.8; for user data. At the time of this writing, @@ -5134,7 +5214,7 @@ use "disklabel -r" to install initial la &os; includes a read-only NTFS driver. For more information, see &man.mount.ntfs.8;. A port of ntfs-3g + url="http://www.tuxera.com/community/">ntfs-3g supports write operations on NTFS (see sysutils/fusefs-ntfs). @@ -5183,7 +5263,7 @@ use "disklabel -r" to install initial la a device file for slice 5 in /dev, so simply mount it: - &prompt.root; mount -t msdos /dev/da1s5 /dos/e + &prompt.root; mount -t msdosfs /dev/da1s5 /dos/e @@ -5386,11 +5466,11 @@ C:\="DOS" If it is a ZIP drive or a floppy, you have already got a DOS file system on it, you can use a command like this: - &prompt.root; mount -t msdos /dev/fd0c /floppy + &prompt.root; mount -t msdosfs /dev/fd0c /floppy if it is a floppy, or this: - &prompt.root; mount -t msdos /dev/da2s4 /zip + &prompt.root; mount -t msdosfs /dev/da2s4 /zip for a ZIP disk with the factory configuration. @@ -5624,7 +5704,7 @@ perm /dev/acd0 0660 &prompt.user; mkdir ~/my-mount-point -&prompt.user; mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 ~/my-mount-point +&prompt.user; mount -t msdosfs /dev/fd0 ~/my-mount-point Users in group operator can now mount the CD-ROM /dev/acd0c onto a @@ -5787,7 +5867,7 @@ perm /dev/acd0 0660For example, if you wish to start &man.named.8;, the included DNS server, all you need to do is: - &prompt.root; echo named_enable="YES" >> /etc/rc.conf + &prompt.root; echo 'named_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf To start up local services, place shell scripts in the /usr/local/etc/rc.d directory. These @@ -6126,7 +6206,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for Single User mode, it means that the console has been marked as insecure in /etc/ttys. In this case it will be - required to boot from an &os; installation disk, choose + required to boot from a &os; installation disk, choose the Fixit shell from &man.sysinstall.8; and issue the commands mentioned above. @@ -6136,7 +6216,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for If you cannot mount your root partition from Single User mode, it is possible that the partitions are encrypted and it is impossible to mount them without the - access keys. Your chances are depending on the chosen + access keys. Your chances depend on the chosen implementation. For more information see the section about encrypted disks in the &os; Handbook. @@ -6216,7 +6296,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for - Use &man.killall.1;. + Use &man.pkill.1;. @@ -6246,7 +6326,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for To remove Kerberos from the system, reinstall the base distribution for the release you are running. If you have the CD-ROM, - you can mount the it (we will assume on /cdrom) and run the commands below: @@ -6325,8 +6405,8 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for the same way as -PRERELEASE.) Long answer: &os; derives its releases from one of two - places. Major, dot-zero, releases, such as 6.0-RELEASE and - 7.0-RELEASE, are branched from the head of the development + places. Major, dot-zero, releases, such as 7.0-RELEASE and + 8.0-RELEASE, are branched from the head of the development stream, commonly referred to as -CURRENT. Minor releases, such as 6.3-RELEASE or 5.2-RELEASE, have been snapshots of the @@ -6354,7 +6434,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for 6.3-STABLE. For more information on version numbers and the various - CVS branches, refer to the Release Engineering article. @@ -6536,7 +6616,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for have percolated from inactive to a status where they maintain their data, but can often be immediately reused (either with their old association, or reused with a new - association.) There can be certain immediate transitions + association). There can be certain immediate transitions from active to cache state if the page is known to be clean (unmodified), but that transition is a matter @@ -6591,7 +6671,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for immediately available without paging anything else out. That is approximately the size of cache queue + size of free queue (with a derating factor, depending upon system - tuning.) Another kind of free memory is the + tuning). Another kind of free memory is the total amount of VM space. That can be complex, but is dependent upon the amount of swap space and memory. Other kinds of free memory @@ -6639,7 +6719,7 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for The X Window System (commonly X11) is the most widely available windowing system capable of running on &unix; or &unix; like systems, including &os;. - The X.Org Foundation + The X.Org Foundation administers the X protocol standards, with the current reference implementation, version 11 @@ -6733,6 +6813,15 @@ options SYSVMSG # enable for Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse" ..... + Met ingangv van &xorg; versie 7.4 worden de + InputDevice-secties in + xorg.conf genegeerd ten gunste van automatisch + gedetecteerde apparaten. Voeg de volgende regel toe aan de sectie + ServerLayout of ServerFlags + om het oude gedrag te herstellen: + + Option "AutoAddDevices" "false" + Some people prefer to use /dev/mouse under X. To make this work, /dev/mouse should be linked @@ -7027,7 +7116,7 @@ ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" - Before, I was able to run &xfree86; as a regular user. + Before, I was able to run &xorg; as a regular user. Why does it now say that I must be root? @@ -7049,7 +7138,7 @@ ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" sessions; it is essentially the graphical counterpart of &man.getty.8; and &man.login.1;. For more information on xdm see the &xfree86; documentation, + url="http://www.x.org/wiki/UserDocumentation">the &xorg; documentation, and the the FAQ entry on it. @@ -7683,7 +7772,7 @@ Key F15 A A Menu Wo There are three bandwidth management tools available for &os;. &man.dummynet.4; is integrated into &os; as part of &man.ipfw.4;. ALTQ + url="http://www.sonycsl.co.jp/person/kjc/programs.html">ALTQ has been integrated into &os; as part of &man.pf.4;. Bandwidth Manager from Emerging Technologies @@ -8084,7 +8173,7 @@ Key F15 A A Menu Wo installed by default. If you want suidperl to be built during upgrades from source, edit /etc/make.conf and add - ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true + OPTIONS_SET=SUIDPERL before you build perl. @@ -8567,8 +8656,8 @@ deny pred1 deflate deflate24 protocomp a set openmode passive Care should be taken with this option. You should also - use the this command to limit the amount of time that - &man.ppp.8; waits for the peer to begin negotations: + use this command to limit the amount of time that + &man.ppp.8; waits for the peer to begin negotiations: set stopped N @@ -8966,7 +9055,7 @@ ATDT1234567 special cases can be found in /usr/src/sys/netinet/libalias/alias_*.c (alias_ftp.c is a good prototype). - This usually involves reading certain recognised + This usually involves reading certain recognized outgoing packets, identifying the instruction that tells the outside machine to initiate a connection back to the internal machine on a specific (random) port and setting @@ -8980,8 +9069,8 @@ ATDT1234567 Use a proxy. The application may support - socks5 for example, or (as in the - cvsup case) may have a + socks5 for example, or + may have a passive option that avoids ever requesting that the peer open connections back to the local machine. @@ -9091,9 +9180,9 @@ ATDT1234567 Here is some example output from the above command: - sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0 + sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0 sio0: type 16550A -sio1: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on acpi0 +sio1: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on acpi0 sio1: type 16550A This shows two serial ports. The first is on @@ -9478,18 +9567,20 @@ hint.sio.7.irq="12" Symlinks do not have permissions, and by default, - &man.chmod.1; will not follow symlinks to change the - permissions on the target file. So if you have a file, + &man.chmod.1; will follow symlinks to change the + permissions on the target file, if possible. So if you have a file, foo, and a symlink to that file, bar, then this command will always succeed. &prompt.user; chmod g-w bar - However, the permissions on foo + However, the permissions on bar will not have changed. - You have to use either or + When changing modes of the file hierarchies rooted in the + files instead of the files themselves, + you have to use either or together with the option to make this work. See the &man.chmod.1; and &man.symlink.7; manual pages for more info. @@ -9900,7 +9991,7 @@ hint.sio.7.irq="12" Five to complain about buildworld being broken; Thirty-one to answer that it works for them, and they - must have cvsupped at a bad time; + must have updated at a bad time; One to post a patch for a new lightbulb to -hackers; @@ -10087,44 +10178,46 @@ hint.sio.7.irq="12" - There are currently three active/semi-active branches in + There are currently four active/semi-active branches in the &os; CVS Repository. + url="http://svnweb.FreeBSD.org/base/">Subversion Repository. (Earlier branches are only changed very rarely, which is why - there are only three active branches of development): + there are only four active branches of development): - RELENG_6 AKA - 6-STABLE + &rel3.releng; AKA + &rel3.stable; + + + + &rel2.releng; AKA + &rel2.stable; - RELENG_7 AKA - 7-STABLE + &rel.releng; AKA + &rel.stable; - HEAD AKA + &rel.head.releng; AKA -CURRENT AKA - 8-CURRENT + &rel.head; HEAD is not an actual branch tag, - like the other two; it is simply a symbolic constant for + like the others; it is simply a symbolic constant for the current, non-branched development stream which we simply refer to as -CURRENT. - Right now, -CURRENT is the - 8.X development stream; the - 6-STABLE branch, - RELENG_6, forked off from - -CURRENT in November 2005, and the - 7-STABLE branch, - RELENG_7, forked off from - -CURRENT in February 2008. + Momenteel is -CURRENT de &rel.head.relx; + ontwikkelstroom; de tak &rel.stable;, &rel.releng; is in + &rel.relengdate; van -CURRENT afgesplitst en + de tak &rel2.stable;, &rel2.releng;, is in &rel2.relengdate; van + -CURRENT afgesplitst.