From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Tue Dec 4 10:09:49 2018 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.ysv.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.ysv.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id BB34C132E03C for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2018 10:09:49 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from Norman.Gray@glasgow.ac.uk) Received: from plockton.cent.gla.ac.uk (plockton.cent.gla.ac.uk [130.209.16.75]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (Client did not present a certificate) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 2CC757152A for ; Tue, 4 Dec 2018 10:09:38 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from Norman.Gray@glasgow.ac.uk) Received: from cas07.campus.gla.ac.uk ([130.209.14.164]) by plockton.cent.gla.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 4.72) (envelope-from ) id 1gU7dx-0003iu-VH; Tue, 04 Dec 2018 10:09:29 +0000 Received: from [130.209.45.140] (130.209.45.140) by cas07.campus.gla.ac.uk (130.209.14.164) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 15.0.1395.4; Tue, 4 Dec 2018 10:09:28 +0000 From: Norman Gray To: Paul Schmehl CC: FreeBSD Questions Subject: Re: Files in / Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2018 10:09:27 +0000 X-Mailer: MailMate (1.12.2r5568) Message-ID: In-Reply-To: <66B63BE11669F00AA754FE87@Pauls-MacBook-Pro.local> References: <66B63BE11669F00AA754FE87@Pauls-MacBook-Pro.local> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed X-Originating-IP: [130.209.45.140] X-ClientProxiedBy: cas07.campus.gla.ac.uk (130.209.14.164) To cas07.campus.gla.ac.uk (130.209.14.164) X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 2CC757152A X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-2.73 / 15.00]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-0.99)[-0.987,0]; HAS_XOIP(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-0.98)[-0.984,0]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[glasgow.ac.uk]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_THREE(0.00)[3]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; TO_DN_ALL(0.00)[]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED(-0.20)[75.16.209.130.list.dnswl.org : 127.0.11.2]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; MX_GOOD(-0.01)[palin.cent.gla.ac.uk]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-0.92)[-0.924,0]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:786, ipnet:130.209.0.0/16, country:GB]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; IP_SCORE(-0.53)[asn: 786(-2.53), country: GB(-0.10)] X-Rspamd-Server: mx1.freebsd.org X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.29 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2018 10:09:49 -0000 Paul, hello. On 4 Dec 2018, at 6:37, Paul Schmehl wrote: > When I use ls -lsah /root, I get a completely different list of files. > > But neither of these utilities show 627M used in root. Why can't I see > what's using all this space in root? Am I using the wrong utilities to > view the files? Is it something else? The confusion may arise from an incomplete understanding of the term 'the root filesystem'. That term refers to the filesystem starting at '/' (or, more precisely, the on-disk structure which is mounted at the root directory '/'). That's distinct from '/root', which is merely a directory which is the home directory of the user called 'root', which lives under '/'. There's no real connection between these two uses of the word 'root', but now you come to mention it, I can see where confusion is possible. As Michael says, there's other stuff in the root directory '/': % ls -F / COPYRIGHT etc/ mnt/ root/ var/ bin/ home/ net/ sbin/ zroot/ boot/ lib/ pool/ sys@ dev/ libexec/ proc/ tmp/ entropy media/ rescue/ usr/ There is more detail in , and the 'Disk Organization' chapter it links to. Best wishes, Norman -- Norman Gray : https://nxg.me.uk SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, UK