From owner-freebsd-questions Fri Aug 30 5: 3:51 2002 Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Received: from mx1.FreeBSD.org (mx1.FreeBSD.org [216.136.204.125]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id AA7F437B400 for ; Fri, 30 Aug 2002 05:02:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from hotmail.com (oe63.pav2.hotmail.com [64.4.36.197]) by mx1.FreeBSD.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 072B043E4A for ; Fri, 30 Aug 2002 05:02:53 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from unixtools@hotmail.com) Received: from mail pickup service by hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC; Fri, 30 Aug 2002 05:02:52 -0700 X-Originating-IP: [202.41.224.36] From: "Unix Tools" To: "bill" , References: <3D61EF7C.27429.9BC4F7B@localhost> Subject: Re: help a poor refuge from SCO UNIX (SysV) Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2002 05:47:37 +0530 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2600.0000 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2600.0000 Message-ID: X-OriginalArrivalTime: 30 Aug 2002 12:02:52.0956 (UTC) FILETIME=[2B3E1DC0:01C2501D] Sender: owner-freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk List-ID: List-Archive: (Web Archive) List-Help: (List Instructions) List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-Loop: FreeBSD.ORG 1) I want to see all processes to be able to grep the pid of the one I want. ps -a doesn't show process detached from ttys apparently. ps -ef doesn't do it either. what is the correct arg for ps ? --------ps -ax 2) how do I ask the system to start ftpd upon startup. I read /etc/rc and rc.conf and didn't see a place. (I love rc.conf - it, like most of the files are beautifully commented as are the man pages) . or, perhaps, to start it on demand, what is the ineted file ? In sco it is inittab, but freeBSD apparently uses something else. in a related question, does freeBSD use TCP_WRAPPERS or something else. --------In /etc/inetd.conf remove the #(COMMENT) from the ftp line 3) is there a link to a tutorial or listing of differences between SysV and freeBSD ? Yes Directory Mappings AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Root filesystem / {/dev/hd4} / {/dev/ad0s1a} / {/dev/vg00/lvol1} / {/dev/sda1} / {/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol} / {/dev/rz0a} Home Directory /home {/dev/hd1} /home {/dev/vg00/lvol4} /export/home /dev/vx/dsk/home} /tmp {/dev/hd3} /tmp {/dev/vg00/lvol6} /tmp /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol} /usr {/dev/hd2} /usr {/dev/ad0s1f} /usr {/dev/vg00/lvol7} /usr /usr {/dev/rz0g} /var {/dev/hd9var} /var {/dev/ad0s1e} /var {/dev/vg00/lvol8} /var Sample configuration files - /usr/newconfig User Accounts AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 Password files /etc/passwd /etc/security/passwd /etc/passwd /etc/master.passwd /etc/passwd /tcb/files/auth/r/root /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/passwd Groups file /etc/group /etc/security/group /etc/group /etc/group /etc/logingroup /etc/group /etc/group /etc/group Maximum # of user ID 4294967295 65535 2147483647 65535 2147483647 65535 Allow/Deny remote login /etc/security/user {rlogin=true} /etc/ttys {secure} /etc/securetty {console} /etc/securetty {ttyp1} /etc/default/login {CONSOLE= /dev/console} /etc/ securettys {ttyp1} User nobody's id # 4294967294 65534 -2 99 60001 & 65534(nobody4) 65534 Group nobody's id # 4294967294 65534 -2(nogroup) 99 60002 & 65534(nogroup) 65534 Recover root password boot from CD/Tape Installation/Maintenance Start Limited Shell getrootfs hdisk0 vi /etc/security/passwd ok boot -s passwd root >boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -is vi /tcb/files/auth/r/root vi /etc/shadow linux S vi /etc/shadow boot cdrom -s mount /dev/c0t0d0s0 /mnt vi /mnt/etc/shadow press the HALT Button or (Control-P) >>>boot -fl s lsmbstartup /sbin/ bcheckrc passwd root Create new user mkuser adduser useradd useradd useradd useradd Delete user rmuser rmuser userdel userdel userdel userdel List users lsuser -f ALL logins logins Modify user account chuser -a usermod usermod usermod usermod General Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 Unique host ID hostid uname -i hostid hostid hostid Administrator smit sam linuxconf admintool Performance monitor top monitor top top glance top top top System activity reporter sar sa sar sar Virtual Memory statistics vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat I/O statistics iostat iostat iostat iostat iostat Error logs alog -o -t boot errpt dmesg dmesg dmesg dmesg uerf -R -o full Physical RAM 1M TB 4TB 64 GB {>2.3.24} 16TB 4TB Shared Memory 64K TB 8TB sysctl kernel.shmmax Process Data Space 384K TB 4TB 900 MB Swap device /dev/hd6 /dev/ad0s1b /dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/sda2 /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol /dev/rz0b Swap file type /etc/swapspaces swap swap partition type 82 swap raw Display swap size lsps -a swapinfo swapinfo -a free swap -l swapon -s Activate Swap swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swap -a swapon -a Printers AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX Solaris Tru64 Printer Queues /etc/qconfig /var/spool/print /etc/lp/interface/* /var/spool/lpd/lp/* /etc/lp/interfaces/* /usr/spool/lpd Stop LP stopsrc -s lpd lpshut /etc/init.d/lpd stop /usr/lib/lp/lpshut /sbin/init.d/lpd stop Start LP startsrc -s lpd lpd lpsched /etc/init.d/lpd start /usr/lib/lp/lpsched /sbin/init.d/lpd start Submit print jobs enq lp lpr qprt lp lp lpr lp lpr lp lpr LP statistics enq -A lpq lpstat qchk lpq lpstat lpq lpstat lpstat Remove print jobs cancel lprm qcan enq -x cancel lprm cancel lprm cancel lprm cancel lprm Add printer queue smit mkpq lpadmin -p pq printtool lpadmin -p pq lprsetup Remove Printer queue smit rmpq lpadmin -x pq lpadmin -x pq lprsetup Make default printer export LPDEST="pq" lpadmin -d pq lpadmin -d pq export PRINTER="lp" TCP/IP AIX HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 Network IP configuration lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.config.d/netconf /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ /etc/hostname.* /etc/inet/* /etc/defaultrouter /etc/rc.config Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/inet/hosts /etc/hosts Name service switch /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/host.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/svc.conf Network parameters no -a sysctl ndd -h sysctl -a | grep net ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ? Routing daemon gated routed gated routed in.routed routed NIC Configurations ifconfig -a ifconfig -a lanscan -v ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a Secondary IP Address ifconfig en0 alias IP ifconfig xl0 alias IP ifconfig lan0:1 IP modprobe ip_alias ifconfig eth0:1 IP ifconfig hme0:1 IP up ifconfig ln0 alias Login prompt HERALD @ /etc/security/login.cfg telnetd -b /etc/issue /etc/issue BANNER @ /etc/default/ telnetd /etc/issue Increase the # of pseudo-terminals odmget -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-512/" | odmchange -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -o PdAt chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P reboot rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=# NSTRPY=# reboot insf -d ptys -n # insf -d ptym -n # insf -d pts -s # -e -v cd /dev ./MAKEDEV -v pty {/etc/system} set pt_cnt = # {SYSV} set npty = # {BSD} {/etc/iu.ap} ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat halt boot -r cd /dev ./MAKEDEV PTY_1 Maximum # of ptys 512 {MAXUSERS} 256 176 {BSD} 3000 {SYSV} 8192 Remote Shell remsh rsh rsh remsh rsh rsh rsh YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind System Files AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 NFS exported /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab /etc/dfs/sharetab /etc/exports NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab /etc/xtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab /etc/rmtab /var/adm/mountdtab Max File System 128 GB 128 GB 2 TB 1 TB 8000 TB {vxfs} 128GB{<= 3.2G} 512GB{>= 4.0} 16 TB{advfs} Max File Size 64 GB 128 GB 2 GB {512B block size} 8192 GB {8KB block size} 1 TB 2 GB {=<2.5.1} 128GB{<= 3.2G} 512GB{>= 4.0} 16 TB{advfs} Max # File Descriptors 64 K 60~ K sysctl fs.file-max 64 K 64 K DISK/LVM Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Filesystem table /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab Free disk blocks df -k df -k bdf df -k df -k df -k Device listing lsdev -C /sbin/ioscan cat /proc/devices sysdef Disk information bootinfo -s hdisk# fdisk -v ad0 diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model format -d c#t#d# format>current format>inquiry file /dev/rrz0c Disk Label lspv -l hdisk# disklabel ad0 pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -p rz0 LVM Concepts Partition sub disk logical extents logical extents sub disk sub disk Volume Volume logical volume logical volume Volume Volume Plex Plex Plex Volume group volume group volume group disk group disk group Journal Filesystem type jfs vxfs ext2 vxfs advfs Default volume group /dev/rootvg /dev/vg00 /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg /dev/vol/rootdg Display volume group lsvg -l rootvg vgdisplay -v vg00 vgdisplay -v vxprint -l -g rootdg volprint -l -g rootdg Modify physical volume chpv pvchange pvchange Prepare physical disk mkdev -c disk -l hdisk# pvcreate pvcreate vxdiskadd voldiskadd List physical volume lspv vinum ld pvdisplay pvdisplay vxprint -dl volprint -dl Remove disk from volume group reducevg vgreduce vgreduce vxdg rmdisk voldg rmdisk Move logical volumes to another physical volumes migratepv vinum move -f drive object pvmove pvmove vxassist move volassist move Create volume group mkvg vgcreate vgcreate vxdg init voldg init Remove volume group vgremove vgremove Volume group availability chvg varyonvg varyoffvg vgchange vgchange Restore volume group vgcfgrestore vgcfgrestore Exports volume group exportvg vgexport vgexport vxdg deport voldg deport Imports volume group importvg vgimport vgimport vxdg import voldg import Volume group listing lsvg vgscan vgscan Change logical volume characteristics chlv lvchange lvchange vxedit set voledit set List logical volume lslv vinum lv lvdisplay lvdisplay vxprint -vl volprint -vl Make logical volume mklv lvcreate lvcreate vxassist make volassist make Extend logical volume extendlv lvextend lvextend vxassist growto volassist growto Reduce logical volume AIX reduce LV lvreduce lvreduce vxassist shrinkto volassist shrinkto Remove logical volume rmlv vinum rm vol lvremove lvremove vxedit rm voledit rm Prepare boot volumes bootlist -m normal lvlnboot lilo vxbootsetup Remove boot volumes lvrmboot Extend File system chfs -a size=# /mt extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8 fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt resize2fs vxva mkfs -M Reduce/Split mirrors rmlvcopy lvsplit lvsplit Merge mirrors lvmerge lvmerge Create mirrors mklv -c 2 vinum mirror drive lvcreate -m 1 vxassist mirror volassist make vol 100mb mirror=true Add mirrors mklvcopy lv 2 lvextend -m 1 Create striped volumes mklv -u 3 -S 64K vinum stripe drive lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 vxassist make vol 100mb layout=raid5 volassist make vol 100mb layout=stripe System recovery tape mksysb -i /dev/rmt0 /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery /usr/sys/bin/btcreate Backup savevg -i rootvg vinum saveconfig fbackup tar cvf /dev/rst0 / ufsdump vdump Restore restvg frecover tar xvf /dev/rst0 ufsrestore vrestore MISC AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Startup script /etc/rc /etc/rc /sbin/rc /etc/rc.d/rc /sbin/init.d /sbin/init.d Kernel /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /kernel /stand/vmunix /boot/vmlinuz /kernel/genunix /vmunix Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0 sysctl -a sysdef kmtune kmsystem sysctl -a sysdef -i sysconfig dxkerneltuner Reconfigure the kernel chdev -l sys0 -a cd /sys/i386/conf vi KERNEL config KERNEL cd ../../compile/KERNEL make depend make make install cd /stand/build /usr/lbin/ sysadm/system_prep -v -s system vi system mk_kernel -s system cd /stand mv system system.prev mv vmunix vmunix.prev mv dlkm dlkm.prev mv /stand/build/system system kmupdate /stand/build/ vmunix_test cd /usr/src/linux make mrproper make menuconfig make dep make clean make bzimage make install make modules make modules_install cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16 mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.2.16.img 2.2.16 vi /etc/lilo.conf lilo vi /etc/system reboot doconfig List modules kldstat kmadmin -s lsmod modinfo Load module kldload kmadmin -L insmod modload Unload module kldunload kmadmin -U rmmod modunload Initialize system install_assist /stand/sysinstall set_parms initial netconf sys-unconfig netsetup Physical RAM bootinfo -r sysctl hw.physmem grep -i Physical /var/adm/ syslog/syslog.log free prtconf uerf | grep memory Kernel Bits getconf LONG_BIT getconf KERNEL_BITS getconf WORD_BIT isainfo -kv 64 Crash utility crash crash adb lcrash crash kdbx Trace System Calls syscalls truss tusc strace truss trace Machine model uname -m bootinfo -m uname -m model uname -m uname -m uname -imp uname -p OS Level oslevel uname -r uname -r uname -r uname -r sizer -v Run Level who -r who -r runlevel who -r who -r Core dump files /var/adm/ras /var/adm/crash /var/crash/`uname -n` Boot single user Key on service mode/F4 Boot from CD/Tape Select Maintenance Limited function Shell ok boot -s >boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -iS linux S ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s Maintenance mode ok boot -as >boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -lm ok boot -as Interrupt Key control-B Stop-A control-P Return to console co ok go Timezone Management /etc/environment /etc/profile /etc/localtime /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/sysconfig/clock /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/default/init /etc/svid3_tz timezone NTP Daemon /etc/ntp.conf startsrc -s xntpd /etc/rc.conf {xntpd_enable="YES"} /etc/rc.network /etc/ rc.config.d/netdaemons /sbin/init.d/xntpd /etc/ntp.conf /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd /etc/inet/ntp.conf /etc/init.d/xntpd rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF YES /sbin/init.d/ xntpd Software AIX HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Install Software installp -a pkg_add swinstall rpm -i package pkgadd setld -l Uninstall software installp -u pkg_delete swremove rpm -e package pkgrm setld -d List installed software lslpp -L all pkg_info -a swlist rpm -qa pkginfo setld -i Verify installed software lppchk -v swlist -l fileset -a state rpm -V package pkginfo -i pkginfo -p setld -v List all files lslpp -f fileset pkg_info -L package swlist -l file fileset rpm -ql package pkgchk -l package setld -i package List installed patches instfix -i swlist -l patch what /stand/vmunix patchadd -p dupatch -track -type patch Package owner lslpp -w path swlist -l file | grep path rpm -qf file pkgchk -l -p path SW Directory /usr/lpp /var/db/pkg /var/adm/sw/ /var/lib/rpm /var/sadm /var/adm/smlogs Devices AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Devices /dev /dev /dev /dev /devices /dev Install devices for attached peripherals cfgmgr -v /dev/MAKEDEV insf -e /dev/MAKEDEV drvconfig devlinks disks tapes ports scu scan edt scsimgr -scan_all Remove device rmdev -l rmsf rem_drv Device drivers lscfg lsdev prtconf -D CPU lsdev -Cc processor sysctl hw.model ioscan -fnC processor cat /proc/cpuinfo psrinfo -v psrinfo -v List Terminal lsdev -Cc tty ioscan -fnC tty pmadm -l Diagnostics diag pciconf -l stm /usr/platform/`uname -m`/ sbin/prtdiag ok test-all /opt/SUNWvts/ bin/sunvts Whole Disk /dev/hdisk# /dev/ad0s1c /dev/dsk/c#t#d0 /dev/sda /dev/c#t#d0s2 /dev/rz0c CDROM /dev/cd0 /dev/acd0c /dev/dsk/c#t2d0 /dev/cdrom /dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2 /dev/rz3c CDROM file type cdrfs cd9660 cdfs iso9660 hsfs cdfs Rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0 /dev/rwt0d /dev/rmt/0m /dev/rst0 { c 9 0} /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rmt0 Non-rewinding tape drive /dev/rmt0.1 /dev/nrwt0d /dev/rmt/0mn /dev/nrst0 { c 9 128 } /dev/rmt/0n /dev/nrmt0 Floppy drive /dev/rfd0 /dev/fd0 - /dev/fd0 /dev/diskette /dev/fd0c Links AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 FAQ AIX-FAQ FreeBSD FAQ HP-UX FAQ LINUX FAQ Solaris 2 FAQ Tru64 FAQ Online Manual AIX 4.3 Books FreeBSD Hand Book HP-UX 11.00 Collection Linux Documentation Project Solaris 7 Documentation Tru64 Documents Technical Support RS/6000 TechSupport IT Resource Center Red Hat support SunSolve Alpha Systems Support Phone Number 1-800-CALL-AIX 1-800-633-3600 1-888-REDHAT1 1-800-USA-4SUN Free Software Bull FreeBSD Primary Site HP-UX Ports Linux Software Map Sun Freeware Tru64 Demos, Shareware & Freeware Certification http://www.ibm.com/education/ certify/certs/axcsasa.phtml education.hp.com RHCE suned.sun.com ASE Information ----- Original Message ----- From: "bill" To: Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 04:57 PM Subject: help a poor refuge from SCO UNIX (SysV) > I think it would be easier to learn freeBSD from scratch rather than fall into all > the holes where the same command does slightly different things on SCO > and freeBSD. Help ! > > 1) I want to see all processes to be able to grep the pid of the one I want. ps > -a doesn't show process detached from ttys apparently. ps -ef doesn't do it > either. what is the correct arg for ps ? > > 2) how do I ask the system to start ftpd upon startup. I read /etc/rc and > rc.conf and didn't see a place. (I love rc.conf - it, like most of the files are > beautifully commented as are the man pages) . > or, perhaps, to start it on demand, what is the ineted file ? In sco it is > inittab, but freeBSD apparently uses something else. > > in a related question, does freeBSD use TCP_WRAPPERS or something > else. > > 3) is there a link to a tutorial or listing of differences between SysV and > freeBSD ? > > more questions to follow. Thanks for the help on these. > > -bill- > > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-questions" in the body of the message > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-questions" in the body of the message