From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Wed Dec 28 16:12:26 2016 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.ysv.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2001:1900:2254:206a::19:1]) by mailman.ysv.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9B1AFC949FE for ; Wed, 28 Dec 2016 16:12:26 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from shamim.shahriar@gmail.com) Received: from mail-wm0-x234.google.com (mail-wm0-x234.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c09::234]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "Google Internet Authority G2" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 2D89E19DA for ; Wed, 28 Dec 2016 16:12:26 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from shamim.shahriar@gmail.com) Received: by mail-wm0-x234.google.com with SMTP id m1so27006292wme.0 for ; Wed, 28 Dec 2016 08:12:26 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date:message-id:subject:to :cc; bh=eSZVrtb3VRoZdsv4F31JUlzl9RQCq2iqlpoE1wNXMXM=; b=dfjTrE5rSZsi5Zi3nc7w5U6Mkwfsxn1WWH2rVz5lQrSWsST/5baIaU/OwA58Jr8uh1 whZvTIR89wgHhDmuga5Q91AagN4s3InqJTF2dz33kIpBdOBZ47KSjnjtZC1E1f1TyNZ8 CggC83usOK/xeudSseWt/xbQbgMPEF5Pk8ZgpatFjhTpKc/lO60tZMPSkcrKvDH0Dm/F 0fgEe5pRlMGBhkxNWyhrUKSgbAtiCongmVEqOj4AbnqKvw2f97mOKnHJ/686URDJIXCn AA5cmTmzTa8vCoY2IZYrIcl5Noq1wMsyCu2KEA7U1CU3aCz1bxwxXxqvSwbZti8w4ipc Fegg== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date :message-id:subject:to:cc; bh=eSZVrtb3VRoZdsv4F31JUlzl9RQCq2iqlpoE1wNXMXM=; b=WxQFTZ5ZZ0epqZQiSvKhmKDxp9ZZkzkj9mtrt+OFZhHr/Q3d3bS3ljIx1oSxu8kKL2 o2myxSc9FUKKBtL7LC+sPWPWBmkd/Ns6dVBn0H0WcS8T5ax7P3fu7y2Fx0oHKb9oDz8z wZQSBid9mSSUFBtTaM5rLtaAeiUOO3nAa59l+U5hSWT7J0M+Pg0+NkreDAQi6c9piZ74 Ah6MefxkoEIeZC5uvAoGt0CUKHSCi3JtmTyk6JQ+RlRzXk5AWqy7c3Z13G5cKsr3NVfO peD8b1EZJoB74KqCH9wG9wqtRR5ttk5vKgzeiyaFMBY9AfiEuB7tpf5vlPJiTlc2/13q BVtg== X-Gm-Message-State: AIkVDXJ+xhG0+CJCKPo9txjOOk7RjjraCYsnyu4/uMXEVMpi6LrlyPmY7Cecs3MyZE7ydizlo5M8W7c/JCywng== X-Received: by 10.28.166.208 with SMTP id p199mr34153091wme.27.1482941543858; Wed, 28 Dec 2016 08:12:23 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.80.181.22 with HTTP; Wed, 28 Dec 2016 08:12:23 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.80.181.22 with HTTP; Wed, 28 Dec 2016 08:12:23 -0800 (PST) In-Reply-To: <998bbb80a87dcf50d5b451659459b37c.squirrel@webmail.harte-lyne.ca> References: <998bbb80a87dcf50d5b451659459b37c.squirrel@webmail.harte-lyne.ca> From: Shamim Shahriar Date: Wed, 28 Dec 2016 16:12:23 +0000 Message-ID: Subject: Re: ntpd on FreeBSD-11 source: To: byrnejb@harte-lyne.ca Cc: "freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org" Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 2.1.23 X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.23 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 28 Dec 2016 16:12:26 -0000 On 28 Dec 2016 3:11 p.m., "James B. Byrne via freebsd-questions" < freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> wrote: On FreeBSD-11.0 when I see this: # ntpd -V /usr/sbin/ntpd: illegal option -- V ntpd - NTP daemon program - Ver. 4.2.8p9 # which ntpd /usr/sbin/ntpd But I also see this on the same system: pkg which $(which ntpd) /usr/sbin/ntpd was not found in the database # pkg info ntp pkg: No package(s) matching ntp and yet: # pkg search ntp . . . ntp-4.2.8p9 The Network Time Protocol Distribution . . . So, where does the ntpd I am running come from if not from a package or port? AND if it does, as I believe it must, come from the port packages then why is it not reported by 'pkg info' and its program file not listed in the port database? -- *** Hi James I'm assuming (please correct me if I'm wrong) you are more familiar with Linux based systems, hence the confusion. BSDs follow different philosophy -- that dictates (to some extent, and I'm rephrasing) that anything that is required for a stable running of a system needs to be part of the base system. So, in most BSDs, you will find utilities like NTP, sendmail, drill (alternate to dig), and many other tools built into the base. BSDs in general divide the system into base and userland -- base has most of the things you need for a stable system, anything extra you need/want you get from package/ports. Also, simply because it is in the base doesn't mean you are restricted to it, you can always install the item from ports if it offers features you need/want. Another example is bind -- which is in the base but programmes like samba required features that were not available on the base but were available from ports (do not know current/latest status), so people installed it and used it from the ports tree. Just a hint that you might find useful along the way, all base systems are in root (like /bin, /lib, /usr/include) whereas things from ports are under /use/local (like /use/local/bin, /use/local/lib, /use/local/include and so on). Generally that is a good preliminary indication as to the source of where it is from (unlike other trending operating systems :P, or you haven't inadvertently installed them in the wrong location). Hope this helps. Have fun!