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From: "Doug Young" <dougy@gargoyle.apana.org.au>
To: <freebsd-questions@freebsd.org>
Subject: Mail / Sendmail Stuff
Date: Mon, 3 Jan 2000 08:34:56 +1000
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I'd appreciate a "simple english" explanation of the minimum requirements
for setting
up of a local mailserver.

I have a FreeBSD 3.2 installation setup as a gateway with various other
operating
systems on a LAN, permanent dialup modem connection to net, & "real" IP
addresses,
& primary & secondary DNS at the "ISP" end. The gateway box runs straight
CLI
mode FreeBSD 3.2, twin pentium 100's, 16Mb RAM, 2 x 650 Mb SCSI hard drives.
So far I send & receive email via the "ISP's" system however I'm trying to
figure out how
 to configure a local mailserver. To date I've searched the net for
tutorials, the mailing list
archives,  man mail, man sendmail, FreeBSD Handbook, O'Reilly's "System
Administrators
Guide", & "The Complete FreeBSD" etc but I'm still in the dark about all
this stuff.
Its not immediately essential that I send & receive mail from the FreeBSD
box, but I think
its imperative that I have some way of filtering incoming mail (if only to
cater for the several
hundred per day FreeBSD list ones). Other than "mail" it doesn't appear that
I have any
"mail user agent" installed ... running "elm", "pine", "mutt" just return
"command not found".

I would like to get away from the peculiarities of Microsoft mail,
particularly the "long line
/ short line" nonsense ... but this doesn't seem possible using Outlook
Express 5 / Windows 2000.
Many of the emails I receive have imbedded URL's / email addresses so the
hyperlink thing
is nice to have ..... is it possible to run a mail client of any sort in
effectively plain text mode but
retaining the benefits of 20th century technology like hyperlinks ??.
Providing the setup is not
too intricate, I have machines I could use to send / receive mail in either
GUI mode Solaris
or FreeBSD if this helps get around the existing weirdness of Microsoft
mail.

It appears sendmail is running although I haven't a clue how that happened
.... maybe it
just installs by default .... and "mail" appears to work at least partly, as
I can send email
by using "mail <recipient email address" & "Control d".

Now for the fun part. When I type simply "mail" (with no recipient email
address) I get
a list of mail articles, which seem to be just internal housekeeping stuff.
According to all
docs I've read, I should be able to delete unrequired mail by simply typing
"d <number
of message>", or alternatively by typing "d <sender> ..... however it
appears nobody
thought to tell the "mail" application its supposed to know about that
because it flatly
refuses to delete ANYTHING !! How does one teach it to do what its told ??

Next issue is that of the application apparently required to transfer mail
to / from Windows
systems. I gather that sendmail doesn't see eye to eye with POP3, so
something else is
needed here, presumably one of the myriad "mail transfer agents", although
the documentation
isn't particularly explicit about where these fit in with my setup.

Last issue for the present, assuming whats needed is just another
"something" to handle
POP3 in addition to the present sendmail, is how to configure sendmail.
Where does
one locate a simple english explanation of what to put in sendmail.cf ??. As
previously
mentioned I've already tried unsuccessfully to find the answers in stuff
like the mailing list
archives,  man mail, man sendmail, FreeBSD Handbook, O'Reilly's "System
Administrators
Guide", "The Complete FreeBSD". So far I haven't messed with the file as I'm
not at all
confident about what to do with it, so better to leave it alone til I know a
lot more about
the subject.

I've attached my "sendmail.cf" file in case its of any help

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

R
#
# Copyright (c) 1998 Sendmail, Inc.  All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1983, 1995 Eric P. Allman.  All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
# The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
#
# By using this file, you agree to the terms and conditions set
# forth in the LICENSE file which can be found at the top level of
# the sendmail distribution.
#
#

######################################################################
######################################################################
#####
##### SENDMAIL CONFIGURATION FILE
#####
##### built by root@cathair on Tue May 18 03:31:45 GMT 1999
##### in /usr/src/etc/sendmail
##### using /usr/src/etc/sendmail/../../contrib/sendmail/cf/ as
configuration include directory
#####
######################################################################
######################################################################

#####  @(#)cfhead.m4 8.23 (Berkeley) 10/6/1998  #####
#####  @(#)cf.m4 8.29 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####
#####  @(#)freebsd.mc $Revision: 1.4.2.1 $  #####

#####  @(#)bsd4.4.m4 8.10 (Berkeley) 10/6/1998  #####

#####  @(#)generic.m4 8.9 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####

#####  @(#)redirect.m4 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####

#####  @(#)use_cw_file.m4 8.6 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####


#####  @(#)relay_based_on_MX.m4 8.7 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####

#####  @(#)mailertable.m4 8.10 (Berkeley) 10/6/1998  #####

#####  @(#)access_db.m4 8.8 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####

#####  @(#)blacklist_recipients.m4 8.9 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####

#####  @(#)virtusertable.m4 8.8 (Berkeley) 10/6/1998  #####

#####  @(#)local_lmtp.m4 8.5 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####


#####  @(#)proto.m4 8.243 (Berkeley) 2/2/1999  #####


# level 8 config file format
V8/Berkeley

# override file safeties - setting this option compromises system security
# need to set this now for the sake of class files
#O DontBlameSendmail=safe

##################
#   local info   #
##################

Cwlocalhost
# file containing names of hosts for which we receive email
Fw-o /etc/mail/sendmail.cw

# my official domain name
# ... define this only if sendmail cannot automatically determine your
domain
#Dj$w.Foo.COM


CP.

# "Smart" relay host (may be null)
DS


# operators that cannot be in local usernames (i.e., network indicators)
CO @ % !

# a class with just dot (for identifying canonical names)
C..

# a class with just a left bracket (for identifying domain literals)
C[[

# Mailer table (overriding domains)
Kmailertable hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable





# Virtual user table (maps incoming users)
Kvirtuser hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable

# Access list database (for spam stomping)
Kaccess hash -o /etc/mail/access

# MX map (to allow relaying to hosts that we MX for)
Kmxserved bestmx -z: -T<TEMP>

# Resolve map (to check if a host exists in check_mail)
Kresolve host -a<OK> -T<TEMP>

# Hosts that will permit relaying ($=R)
FR-o /etc/mail/relay-domains

# who I send unqualified names to (null means deliver locally)
DR

# who gets all local email traffic ($R has precedence for unqualified names)
DH

# dequoting map
Kdequote dequote

# class E: names that should be exposed as from this host, even if we
masquerade
# class L: names that should be delivered locally, even if we have a relay
# class M: domains that should be converted to $M
#CL root
CE root

# who I masquerade as (null for no masquerading) (see also $=M)
DM

# my name for error messages
DnMAILER-DAEMON


CPREDIRECT

# Configuration version number
DZ8.9.3


###############
#   Options   #
###############

# strip message body to 7 bits on input?
O SevenBitInput=False

# 8-bit data handling
O EightBitMode=pass8


# wait for alias file rebuild (default units: minutes)
O AliasWait=10

# location of alias file
O AliasFile=/etc/aliases

# minimum number of free blocks on filesystem
O MinFreeBlocks=100

# maximum message size
#O MaxMessageSize=1000000

# substitution for space (blank) characters
O BlankSub=.

# avoid connecting to "expensive" mailers on initial submission?
O HoldExpensive=False

# checkpoint queue runs after every N successful deliveries
#O CheckpointInterval=10

# default delivery mode
O DeliveryMode=background

# automatically rebuild the alias database?
#O AutoRebuildAliases

# error message header/file
#O ErrorHeader=/etc/sendmail.oE

# error mode
#O ErrorMode=print

# save Unix-style "From_" lines at top of header?
#O SaveFromLine

# temporary file mode
O TempFileMode=0600

# match recipients against GECOS field?
#O MatchGECOS

# maximum hop count
#O MaxHopCount=17

# location of help file
O HelpFile=/usr/share/misc/sendmail.hf

# ignore dots as terminators in incoming messages?
#O IgnoreDots

# name resolver options
#O ResolverOptions=+AAONLY

# deliver MIME-encapsulated error messages?
O SendMimeErrors=True

# Forward file search path
O ForwardPath=$z/.forward.$w+$h:$z/.forward+$h:$z/.forward.$w:$z/.forward

# open connection cache size
O ConnectionCacheSize=2

# open connection cache timeout
O ConnectionCacheTimeout=5m

# persistent host status directory
#O HostStatusDirectory=.hoststat

# single thread deliveries (requires HostStatusDirectory)?
#O SingleThreadDelivery

# use Errors-To: header?
O UseErrorsTo=False

# log level
O LogLevel=9

# send to me too, even in an alias expansion?
#O MeToo

# verify RHS in newaliases?
O CheckAliases=False

# default messages to old style headers if no special punctuation?
O OldStyleHeaders=True

# SMTP daemon options
#O DaemonPortOptions=Port=esmtp

# privacy flags
O PrivacyOptions=authwarnings

# who (if anyone) should get extra copies of error messages
#O PostMasterCopy=Postmaster

# slope of queue-only function
#O QueueFactor=600000

# queue directory
O QueueDirectory=/var/spool/mqueue

# timeouts (many of these)
#O Timeout.initial=5m
#O Timeout.connect=5m
#O Timeout.iconnect=5m
#O Timeout.helo=5m
#O Timeout.mail=10m
#O Timeout.rcpt=1h
#O Timeout.datainit=5m
#O Timeout.datablock=1h
#O Timeout.datafinal=1h
#O Timeout.rset=5m
#O Timeout.quit=2m
#O Timeout.misc=2m
#O Timeout.command=1h
#O Timeout.ident=30s
#O Timeout.fileopen=60s
O Timeout.queuereturn=5d
#O Timeout.queuereturn.normal=5d
#O Timeout.queuereturn.urgent=2d
#O Timeout.queuereturn.non-urgent=7d
O Timeout.queuewarn=4h
#O Timeout.queuewarn.normal=4h
#O Timeout.queuewarn.urgent=1h
#O Timeout.queuewarn.non-urgent=12h
#O Timeout.hoststatus=30m

# should we not prune routes in route-addr syntax addresses?
#O DontPruneRoutes

# queue up everything before forking?
O SuperSafe=True

# status file
O StatusFile=/var/log/sendmail.st

# time zone handling:
#  if undefined, use system default
#  if defined but null, use TZ envariable passed in
#  if defined and non-null, use that info
#O TimeZoneSpec=

# default UID (can be username or userid:groupid)
#O DefaultUser=mailnull

# list of locations of user database file (null means no lookup)
#O UserDatabaseSpec=/etc/userdb

# fallback MX host
#O FallbackMXhost=fall.back.host.net

# if we are the best MX host for a site, try it directly instead of config
err
#O TryNullMXList

# load average at which we just queue messages
#O QueueLA=8

# load average at which we refuse connections
#O RefuseLA=12

# maximum number of children we allow at one time
#O MaxDaemonChildren=12

# maximum number of new connections per second
#O ConnectionRateThrottle=3

# work recipient factor
#O RecipientFactor=30000

# deliver each queued job in a separate process?
#O ForkEachJob

# work class factor
#O ClassFactor=1800

# work time factor
#O RetryFactor=90000

# shall we sort the queue by hostname first?
#O QueueSortOrder=priority

# minimum time in queue before retry
#O MinQueueAge=30m

# default character set
#O DefaultCharSet=iso-8859-1

# service switch file (ignored on Solaris, Ultrix, OSF/1, others)
#O ServiceSwitchFile=/etc/service.switch

# hosts file (normally /etc/hosts)
#O HostsFile=/etc/hosts

# dialup line delay on connection failure
#O DialDelay=10s

# action to take if there are no recipients in the message
O NoRecipientAction=add-to-undisclosed

# chrooted environment for writing to files
#O SafeFileEnvironment=/arch

# are colons OK in addresses?
#O ColonOkInAddr

# how many jobs can you process in the queue?
#O MaxQueueRunSize=10000

# shall I avoid expanding CNAMEs (violates protocols)?
#O DontExpandCnames

# SMTP initial login message (old $e macro)
O SmtpGreetingMessage=$j Sendmail $v/$Z; $b

# UNIX initial From header format (old $l macro)
O UnixFromLine=From $g  $d

# From: lines that have embedded newlines are unwrapped onto one line
#O SingleLineFromHeader=False

# Allow HELO SMTP command that does not include a host name
#O AllowBogusHELO=False

# Characters to be quoted in a full name phrase (@,;:\()[] are automatic)
#O MustQuoteChars=.

# delimiter (operator) characters (old $o macro)
O OperatorChars=.:%@!^/[]+

# shall I avoid calling initgroups(3) because of high NIS costs?
#O DontInitGroups

# are group-writable :include: and .forward files (un)trustworthy?
#O UnsafeGroupWrites

# where do errors that occur when sending errors get sent?
#O DoubleBounceAddress=postmaster

# what user id do we assume for the majority of the processing?
#O RunAsUser=sendmail

# maximum number of recipients per SMTP envelope
#O MaxRecipientsPerMessage=100

# shall we get local names from our installed interfaces?
#O DontProbeInterfaces



# Maximum MIME header length to protect MUAs
O MaxMimeHeaderLength=256/128



###########################
#   Message precedences   #
###########################

Pfirst-class=0
Pspecial-delivery=100
Plist=-30
Pbulk=-60
Pjunk=-100

#####################
#   Trusted users   #
#####################

# this is equivalent to setting class "t"
#Ft/etc/sendmail.ct
Troot
Tdaemon
Tuucp

#########################
#   Format of headers   #
#########################

H?P?Return-Path: <$g>
HReceived: $?sfrom $s $.$?_($?s$|from $.$_)
$.by $j ($v/$Z)$?r with $r$. id $i$?u
for $u; $|;
$.$b$?g
(envelope-from $g)$.
H?D?Resent-Date: $a
H?D?Date: $a
H?F?Resent-From: $?x$x <$g>$|$g$.
H?F?From: $?x$x <$g>$|$g$.
H?x?Full-Name: $x
# HPosted-Date: $a
# H?l?Received-Date: $b
H?M?Resent-Message-Id: <$t.$i@$j>
H?M?Message-Id: <$t.$i@$j>
#
######################################################################
######################################################################
#####
##### REWRITING RULES
#####
######################################################################
######################################################################

############################################
###  Ruleset 3 -- Name Canonicalization  ###
############################################
S3

# handle null input (translate to <@> special case)
R$@ $@ <@>

# strip group: syntax (not inside angle brackets!) and trailing semicolon
R$* $: $1 <@> mark addresses
R$* < $* > $* <@> $: $1 < $2 > $3 unmark <addr>
R@ $* <@> $: @ $1 unmark @host:...
R$* :: $* <@> $: $1 :: $2 unmark node::addr
R:include: $* <@> $: :include: $1 unmark :include:...
R$* [ $* : $* ] <@> $: $1 [ $2 : $3 ] unmark IPv6 addrs
R$* : $* [ $* ] $: $1 : $2 [ $3 ] <@> remark if leading colon
R$* : $* <@> $: $2 strip colon if marked
R$* <@> $: $1 unmark
R$* ;    $1 strip trailing semi
R$* < $* ; >    $1 < $2 > bogus bracketed semi

# null input now results from list:; syntax
R$@ $@ :; <@>

# strip angle brackets -- note RFC733 heuristic to get innermost item
R$* $: < $1 > housekeeping <>
R$+ < $* >    < $2 > strip excess on left
R< $* > $+    < $1 > strip excess on right
R<> $@ < @ > MAIL FROM:<> case
R< $+ > $: $1 remove housekeeping <>

# make sure <@a,@b,@c:user@d> syntax is easy to parse -- undone later
R@ $+ , $+ @ $1 : $2 change all "," to ":"

# localize and dispose of route-based addresses
R@ $+ : $+ $@ $>96 < @$1 > : $2 handle <route-addr>

# find focus for list syntax
R $+ : $* ; @ $+ $@ $>96 $1 : $2 ; < @ $3 > list syntax
R $+ : $* ; $@ $1 : $2; list syntax

# find focus for @ syntax addresses
R$+ @ $+ $: $1 < @ $2 > focus on domain
R$+ < $+ @ $+ > $1 $2 < @ $3 > move gaze right
R$+ < @ $+ > $@ $>96 $1 < @ $2 > already canonical

# do some sanity checking
R$* < @ $* : $* > $* $1 < @ $2 $3 > $4 nix colons in addrs

# convert old-style addresses to a domain-based address
R$- ! $+ $@ $>96 $2 < @ $1 .UUCP > resolve uucp names
R$+ . $- ! $+ $@ $>96 $3 < @ $1 . $2 > domain uucps
R$+ ! $+ $@ $>96 $2 < @ $1 .UUCP > uucp subdomains

# if we have % signs, take the rightmost one
R$* % $* $1 @ $2 First make them all @s.
R$* @ $* @ $* $1 % $2 @ $3 Undo all but the last.
R$* @ $* $@ $>96 $1 < @ $2 > Insert < > and finish

# else we must be a local name
R$* $@ $>96 $1


################################################
###  Ruleset 96 -- bottom half of ruleset 3  ###
################################################

S96

# handle special cases for local names
R$* < @ localhost > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 no domain at all
R$* < @ localhost . $m > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 local domain
R$* < @ localhost . UUCP > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 .UUCP domain
R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $: $1 < @@ [ $2 ] > $3 mark [a.b.c.d]
R$* < @@ $=w > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $3 self-literal
R$* < @@ $+ > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 canon IP addr





# if really UUCP, handle it immediately

# try UUCP traffic as a local address
R$* < @ $+ . UUCP > $* $: $1 < @ $[ $2 $] . UUCP . > $3
R$* < @ $+ . . UUCP . > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 . > $3

# pass to name server to make hostname canonical
R$* < @ $* $~P > $* $: $1 < @ $[ $2 $3 $] > $4

# local host aliases and pseudo-domains are always canonical
R$* < @ $=w > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . > $3
R$* < @ $j > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2
R$* < @ $=M > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . > $3
R$* < @ $* $=P > $* $: $1 < @ $2 $3 . > $4
R$* < @ $* . . > $* $1 < @ $2 . > $3


##################################################
###  Ruleset 4 -- Final Output Post-rewriting  ###
##################################################
S4

R$* <@> $@ handle <> and list:;

# strip trailing dot off possibly canonical name
R$* < @ $+ . > $* $1 < @ $2 > $3

# eliminate internal code -- should never get this far!
R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $* $1 < @ $j > $2

# externalize local domain info
R$* < $+ > $* $1 $2 $3 defocus
R@ $+ : @ $+ : $+ @ $1 , @ $2 : $3 <route-addr> canonical
R@ $* $@ @ $1 ... and exit

# UUCP must always be presented in old form
R$+ @ $- . UUCP $2!$1 u@h.UUCP => h!u

# delete duplicate local names
R$+ % $=w @ $=w $1 @ $2 u%host@host => u@host



##############################################################
###   Ruleset 97 -- recanonicalize and call ruleset zero   ###
###    (used for recursive calls)    ###
##############################################################

S97
R$* $: $>3 $1
R$* $@ $>0 $1


######################################
###   Ruleset 0 -- Parse Address   ###
######################################

S0

R$* $: $>Parse0 $1 initial parsing
R<@> $#local $: <@> special case error msgs
R$* $: $>98 $1 handle local hacks
R$* $: $>Parse1 $1 final parsing

#
#  Parse0 -- do initial syntax checking and eliminate local addresses.
# This should either return with the (possibly modified) input
# or return with a #error mailer.  It should not return with a
# #mailer other than the #error mailer.
#

SParse0
R<@> $@ <@> special case error msgs
R$* : $* ; <@> $#error $@ 5.1.3 $: "List:; syntax illegal for recipient
addresses"
#R@ <@ $* > < @ $1 > catch "@@host" bogosity
R<@ $+> $#error $@ 5.1.3 $: "User address required"
R$* $: <> $1
R<> $* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $1 < @ [ $2 ] > $3
R<> $* <$* : $* > $* $#error $@ 5.1.3 $: "Colon illegal in host name part"
R<> $* $1
R$* < @ . $* > $* $#error $@ 5.1.2 $: "Invalid host name"
R$* < @ $* .. $* > $* $#error $@ 5.1.2 $: "Invalid host name"

# now delete the local info -- note $=O to find characters that cause
forwarding
R$* < @ > $* $@ $>Parse0 $>3 $1 user@ => user
R< @ $=w . > : $* $@ $>Parse0 $>3 $2 @here:... -> ...
R$- < @ $=w . > $: $(dequote $1 $) < @ $2 . > dequote "foo"@here
R< @ $+ > $#error $@ 5.1.3 $: "User address required"
R$* $=O $* < @ $=w . > $@ $>Parse0 $>3 $1 $2 $3 ...@here -> ...
R$- $: $(dequote $1 $) < @ *LOCAL* > dequote "foo"
R< @ *LOCAL* > $#error $@ 5.1.3 $: "User address required"
R$* $=O $* < @ *LOCAL* >
$@ $>Parse0 $>3 $1 $2 $3 ...@*LOCAL* -> ...
R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $: $1

#
#  Parse1 -- the bottom half of ruleset 0.
#

SParse1
# handle numeric address spec
R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $: $>98 $1 < @ [ $2 ] > $3 numeric internet spec
R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $#esmtp $@ [$2] $: $1 < @ [$2] > $3 still numeric: send

# handle virtual users
R$+ < @ $=w . > $: < $(virtuser $1 @ $2 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 < @ $2 . >
R<@> $+ + $* < @ $* . >
$: < $(virtuser $1 + * @ $3 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 + $2 < @ $3 . >
R<@> $+ + $* < @ $* . >
$: < $(virtuser $1 @ $3 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 + $2 < @ $3 . >
R<@> $+ < @ $+ . > $: < $(virtuser @ $2 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 < @ $2 . >
R<@> $+ $: $1
R< error : $- $+ > $* $#error $@ $(dequote $1 $) $: $2
R< $+ > $+ < @ $+ > $: $>97 $1

# short circuit local delivery so forwarded email works
R$=L < @ $=w . > $#local $: @ $1 special local names
R$+ < @ $=w . > $#local $: $1 regular local name

# not local -- try mailer table lookup
R$* <@ $+ > $* $: < $2 > $1 < @ $2 > $3 extract host name
R< $+ . > $* $: < $1 > $2 strip trailing dot
R< $+ > $* $: < $(mailertable $1 $) > $2 lookup
R< $~[ : $* > $* $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 check -- resolved?
R< $+ > $* $: $>90 <$1> $2 try domain

# resolve remotely connected UUCP links (if any)

# resolve fake top level domains by forwarding to other hosts



# pass names that still have a host to a smarthost (if defined)
R$* < @ $* > $* $: $>95 < $S > $1 < @ $2 > $3 glue on smarthost name

# deal with other remote names
R$* < @$* > $* $#esmtp $@ $2 $: $1 < @ $2 > $3 user@host.domain

# handle locally delivered names
R$=L $#local $: @ $1 special local names
R$+ $#local $: $1 regular local names

###########################################################################
###   Ruleset 5 -- special rewriting after aliases have been expanded   ###
###########################################################################

S5

# deal with plussed users so aliases work nicely
R$+ + * $#local $@ $&h $: $1
R$+ + $* $#local $@ + $2 $: $1 + *

# prepend an empty "forward host" on the front
R$+ $: <> $1


# see if we have a relay or a hub
R< > $+ $: < $H > $1 try hub
R< > $+ $: < $R > $1 try relay
R< > $+ $: < > < $1 $&h > nope, restore +detail
R< > < $+ + $* > $*    < > < $1 > + $2 $3 find the user part
R< > < $+ > + $* $#local $@ $2 $: @ $1 strip the extra +
R< > < $+ > $@ $1 no +detail
R$+ $: $1 <> $&h add +detail back in
R$+ <> + $* $: $1 + $2 check whether +detail
R$+ <> $* $: $1 else discard
R< local : $* > $* $: $>95 < local : $1 > $2 no host extension
R< error : $* > $* $: $>95 < error : $1 > $2 no host extension
R< $- : $+ > $+ $: $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 < @ $2 >
R< $+ > $+ $@ $>95 < $1 > $2 < @ $1 >

###################################################################
###  Ruleset 90 -- try domain part of mailertable entry ###
###################################################################

S90
R$* <$- . $+ > $* $: $1$2 < $(mailertable .$3 $@ $1$2 $@ $2 $) > $4
R$* <$~[ : $* > $* $>95 < $2 : $3 > $4 check -- resolved?
R$* < . $+ > $* $@ $>90 $1 . <$2> $3 no -- strip & try again
R$* < $* > $* $: < $(mailertable . $@ $1$2 $) > $3 try "."
R< $~[ : $* > $* $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 "." found?
R< $* > $* $@ $2 no mailertable match

###################################################################
###  Ruleset 95 -- canonify mailer:[user@]host syntax to triple ###
###################################################################

S95
R< > $* $@ $1 strip off null relay
R< error : $- $+ > $* $#error $@ $(dequote $1 $) $: $2
R< local : $* > $* $>CanonLocal < $1 > $2
R< $- : $+ @ $+ > $*<$*>$* $# $1 $@ $3 $: $2<@$3> use literal user
R< $- : $+ > $* $# $1 $@ $2 $: $3 try qualified mailer
R< $=w > $* $@ $2 delete local host
R< $+ > $* $#relay $@ $1 $: $2 use unqualified mailer

###################################################################
###  Ruleset CanonLocal -- canonify local: syntax ###
###################################################################

SCanonLocal
# strip local host from routed addresses
R< $* > < @ $+ > : $+ $@ $>97 $3
R< $* > $+ $=O $+ < @ $+ > $@ $>97 $2 $3 $4

# strip trailing dot from any host name that may appear
R< $* > $* < @ $* . > $: < $1 > $2 < @ $3 >

# handle local: syntax -- use old user, either with or without host
R< > $* < @ $* > $* $#local $@ $1@$2 $: $1
R< > $+ $#local $@ $1    $: $1

# handle local:user@host syntax -- ignore host part
R< $+ @ $+ > $* < @ $* > $: < $1 > $3 < @ $4 >

# handle local:user syntax
R< $+ > $* <@ $* > $* $#local $@ $2@$3 $: $1
R< $+ > $* $#local $@ $2    $: $1

###################################################################
###  Ruleset 93 -- convert header names to masqueraded form ###
###################################################################

S93


# special case the users that should be exposed
R$=E < @ *LOCAL* > $@ $1 < @ $j . > leave exposed
R$=E < @ $=M . > $@ $1 < @ $2 . >
R$=E < @ $=w . > $@ $1 < @ $2 . >

# handle domain-specific masquerading
R$* < @ $=M . > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . @ $M > $3 convert masqueraded doms
R$* < @ $=w . > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . @ $M > $3
R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $* $: $1 < @ $j . @ $M > $2
R$* < @ $+ @ > $* $: $1 < @ $2 > $3 $M is null
R$* < @ $+ @ $+ > $* $: $1 < @ $3 . > $4 $M is not null

###################################################################
###  Ruleset 94 -- convert envelope names to masqueraded form ###
###################################################################

S94
R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2

###################################################################
###  Ruleset 98 -- local part of ruleset zero (can be null) ###
###################################################################

S98

# addresses sent to foo@host.REDIRECT will give a 551 error code
R$* < @ $+ .REDIRECT. > $: $1 < @ $2 . REDIRECT . > < ${opMode} >
R$* < @ $+ .REDIRECT. > <i> $: $1 < @ $2 . REDIRECT. >
R$* < @ $+ .REDIRECT. > < $- > $# error $@ 5.1.1 $: "551 User has moved;
please try " <$1@$2>


######################################################################
###  LookUpDomain -- search for domain in access database
###
### Parameters:
### <$1> -- key (domain name)
### <$2> -- default (what to return if not found in db)
### <$3> -- passthru (additional data passed unchanged through)
######################################################################

SLookUpDomain
R<$+> <$+> <$*> $: < $(access $1 $: ? $) > <$1> <$2> <$3>
R<?> <$+.$+> <$+> <$*> $@ $>LookUpDomain <$2> <$3> <$4>
R<?> <$+> <$+> <$*> $@ <$2> <$3>
R<$*> <$+> <$+> <$*> $@ <$1> <$4>

######################################################################
###  LookUpAddress -- search for host address in access database
###
### Parameters:
### <$1> -- key (dot quadded host address)
### <$2> -- default (what to return if not found in db)
### <$3> -- passthru (additional data passed through)
######################################################################

SLookUpAddress
R<$+> <$+> <$*> $: < $(access $1 $: ? $) > <$1> <$2> <$3>
R<?> <$+.$-> <$+> <$*> $@ $>LookUpAddress <$1> <$3> <$4>
R<?> <$+> <$+> <$*> $@ <$2> <$3>
R<$*> <$+> <$+> <$*> $@ <$1> <$4>

######################################################################
###  CanonAddr -- Convert an address into a standard form for
### relay checking.  Route address syntax is
### crudely converted into a %-hack address.
###
### Parameters:
### $1 -- full recipient address
###
### Returns:
### parsed address, not in source route form
######################################################################

SCanonAddr
R$* $: $>Parse0 $>3 $1 make domain canonical
R< @ $+ > : $* @ $* < @ $1 > : $2 % $3 change @ to % in src route
R$* < @ $+ > : $* : $* $3 $1 < @ $2 > : $4 change to % hack.
R$* < @ $+ > : $* $3 $1 < @ $2 >

######################################################################
###  ParseRecipient -- Strip off hosts in $=R as well as possibly
### $* $=m or the access database.
### Check user portion for host separators.
###
### Parameters:
### $1 -- full recipient address
###
### Returns:
### parsed, non-local-relaying address
######################################################################

SParseRecipient
R$* $: <?> $>CanonAddr $1
R<?> $* < @ $* . > <?> $1 < @ $2 > strip trailing dots
R<?> $- < @ $* > $: <?> $(dequote $1 $) < @ $2 > dequote local part

# if no $=O character, no host in the user portion, we are done
R<?> $* $=O $* < @ $* > $: <NO> $1 $2 $3 < @ $4>
R<?> $* $@ $1


R<NO> $* < @ $+ > $: <MX> < : $(mxserved $2 $) : > < $1 < @$2 > >
R<MX> < : $* <TEMP> : > $* $#error $@ 4.7.1 $: "450 Can not check MX records
for recipient host " $1
R<MX> < $* : $=w. : $* > < $+ > $: <RELAY> $4
R<MX> < : $* : > < $+ > $: <NO> $2

R<NO> $* < @ $* $=R > $: <RELAY> $1 < @ $2 $3 >
R<NO> $* < @ $+ > $: $>LookUpDomain <$2> <NO> <$1 < @ $2 >>
R<$+> <$+> $: <$1> $2

R<RELAY> $* < @ $* > $@ $>ParseRecipient $1
R<$-> $* $@ $2

######################################################################
###  check_relay -- check hostname/address on SMTP startup
######################################################################

SLocal_check_relay
Scheck_relay
R$* $: $1 $| $>"Local_check_relay" $1
R$* $| $* $| $#$* $#$3
R$* $| $* $| $* $@ $>"Basic_check_relay" $1 $| $2

SBasic_check_relay
# check for deferred delivery mode
R$* $: < ${deliveryMode} > $1
R< d > $* $@ deferred
R< $* > $* $: $2

R$+ $| $+ $: $>LookUpDomain < $1 > <?> < $2 >
R<?> < $+ > $: $>LookUpAddress < $1 > <?> < $1 >
R<?> < $+ > $: $1
R<OK> < $* > $@ OK
R<RELAY> < $* > $@ RELAY
R<REJECT> $* $#error $@ 5.7.1 $: "550 Access denied"
R<DISCARD> $* $#discard $: discard
R<$+> $* $#error $@ 5.7.1 $: $1


######################################################################
###  check_mail -- check SMTP `MAIL FROM:' command argument
######################################################################

SLocal_check_mail
Scheck_mail
R$* $: $1 $| $>"Local_check_mail" $1
R$* $| $#$* $#$2
R$* $| $* $@ $>"Basic_check_mail" $1

SBasic_check_mail
# check for deferred delivery mode
R$* $: < ${deliveryMode} > $1
R< d > $* $@ deferred
R< $* > $* $: $2

R<> $@ <OK>
R$* $: <?> $>CanonAddr $1
R<?> $* < @ $+ . > <?> $1 < @ $2 > strip trailing dots
# handle non-DNS hostnames (*.bitnet, *.decnet, *.uucp, etc)
R<?> $* < $* $=P > $* $: <OK> $1 < @ $2 $3 > $4
R<?> $* < @ $+ > $* $: <? $(resolve $2 $: $2 <PERM> $) > $1 < @ $2 > $3
R<? $* <$->> $* < @ $+ > $*
$: <$2> $3 < @ $4 > $5

# handle case of @localhost on address
R<$+> $* < @localhost > $: < ? $&{client_name} > <$1> $2 < @localhost >
R<$+> $* < @localhost.$m >
$: < ? $&{client_name} > <$1> $2 < @localhost.$m >
R<$+> $* < @localhost.UUCP >
$: < ? $&{client_name} > <$1> $2 < @localhost.UUCP >
R<? $=w> <$+> $* <?> <$2> $3
R<? $+> <$+> $* $#error $@ 5.5.4 $: "553 Real domain name required"
R<?> <$+> $* $: <$1> $2

# lookup localpart (user@)
R<$+> $* < @ $+ > $* $: <USER $(access $2@ $: ? $) > <$1> $2 < @ $3 > $4
# no match, try full address (user@domain rest)
R<USER ?> <$+> $* < @ $* > $*
$: <USER $(access $2@$3$4 $: ? $) > <$1> $2 < @ $3 > $4
# no match, try address (user@domain)
R<USER ?> <$+> $+ < @ $+ > $*
$: <USER $(access $2@$3 $: ? $) > <$1> $2 < @ $3 > $4
# no match, try (sub)domain (domain)
R<USER ?> <$+> $* < @ $+ > $*
$: $>LookUpDomain <$3> <$1> <>
# check unqualified user in access database
R<?> $* $: <USER $(access $1@ $: ? $) > <?> $1
# retransform for further use
R<USER $+> <$+> $* $: <$1> $3

# handle case of no @domain on address
R<?> $* $: < ? $&{client_name} > $1
R<?> $* $@ <OK> ...local unqualed ok
R<? $+> $* $#error $@ 5.5.4 $: "553 Domain name required"
...remote is not
# check results
R<?> $* $@ <OK>
R<OK> $* $@ <OK>
R<TEMP> $* $#error $@ 4.1.8 $: "451 Sender domain must resolve"
R<PERM> $* $#error $@ 5.1.8 $: "501 Sender domain must exist"
R<RELAY> $* $@ <RELAY>
R<DISCARD> $* $#discard $: discard
R<REJECT> $* $#error $@ 5.7.1 $: "550 Access denied"
R<$+> $* $#error $@ 5.7.1 $: $1 error from access db

######################################################################
###  check_rcpt -- check SMTP `RCPT TO:' command argument
######################################################################

SLocal_check_rcpt
Scheck_rcpt
R$* $: $1 $| $>"Local_check_rcpt" $1
R$* $| $#$* $#$2
R$* $| $* $@ $>"Basic_check_rcpt" $1

SBasic_check_rcpt
# check for deferred delivery mode
R$* $: < ${deliveryMode} > $1
R< d > $* $@ deferred
R< $* > $* $: $2

R$* $: $>ParseRecipient $1 strip relayable hosts



# blacklist local users or any host from receiving mail
R$* $: <?> $1
R<?> $+ < @ $=w > $: <> <USER $1> <FULL $1@$2> <HOST $2> <$1 < @ $2 >>
R<?> $+ < @ $* > $: <> <FULL $1@$2> <HOST $2> <$1 < @ $2 >>
R<?> $+ $: <> <USER $1> <$1>
R<> <USER $+> $* $: <$(access $1 $: $)> $2
R<> <FULL $+> $* $: <$(access $1 $: $)> $2
R<OK> <FULL $+> $* $: <$(access $1 $: $)> $2
R<> <HOST $+> $* $: <$(access $1 $: $)> $2
R<OK> <HOST $+> $* $: <$(access $1 $: $)> $2
R<> <$*> $: $1
R<OK> <$*> $: $1
R<RELAY> <$*> $: $1
R<REJECT> $* $#error $@ 5.2.1 $: "550 Mailbox disabled for this recipient"
R<$+> $* $#error $@ 5.2.1 $: $1 error from access db

# anything terminating locally is ok
R$+ < @ $=w > $@ OK
R$+ < @ $* $=R > $@ OK
R$+ < @ $* > $: $>LookUpDomain <$2> <?> <$1 < @ $2 >>
R<RELAY> $* $@ RELAY
R<$*> <$*> $: $2

# allow relaying for hosts which we MX serve
R$+ < @ $* > $: < : $(mxserved $2 $) : > $1 < @ $2 >
R< : $* <TEMP> : > $* $#error $@ 4.7.1 $: "450 Can not check MX records for
recipient host " $1
R<$* : $=w . : $*> $* $@ OK
R< : $* : > $* $: $2

# check for local user (i.e. unqualified address)
R$* $: <?> $1
R<?> $* < @ $+ > $: <REMOTE> $1 < @ $2 >
# local user is ok
R<?> $+ $@ OK
R<$+> $* $: $2

# anything originating locally is ok
R$* $: <?> $&{client_name}
# check if bracketed IP address (forward lookup != reverse lookup)
R<?> [$+] $: <BAD> [$1]
# pass to name server to make hostname canonical
R<?> $* $~P $: <?> $[ $1 $2 $]
R<$-> $* $: $2
R$* . $1 strip trailing dots
R$@ $@ OK
R$=w $@ OK
R$* $=R $@ OK
R$* $: $>LookUpDomain <$1> <?> <$1>
R<RELAY> $* $@ RELAY
R<$*> <$*> $: $2

# check IP address
R$* $: $&{client_addr}
R$@ $@ OK originated locally
R0 $@ OK originated locally
R$=R $* $@ OK relayable IP address
R$* $: $>LookUpAddress <$1> <?> <$1>
R<RELAY> $* $@ RELAY relayable IP address
R<$*> <$*> $: $2
R$* $: [ $1 ] put brackets around it...
R$=w $@ OK ... and see if it is local


# anything else is bogus
R$* $#error $@ 5.7.1 $: "550 Relaying denied"

#
######################################################################
######################################################################
#####
##### MAILER DEFINITIONS
#####
######################################################################
######################################################################


##################################################
###   Local and Program Mailer specification   ###
##################################################

#####  @(#)local.m4 8.30 (Berkeley) 6/30/1998  #####

Mlocal, P=/usr/libexec/mail.local, F=lsDFMAw5:/|@qSXfmnz9P, S=10/30,
R=20/40,
T=DNS/RFC822/X-Unix,
A=mail.local -l
Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsDFMoqeu9, S=10/30, R=20/40, D=$z:/,
T=X-Unix,
A=sh -c $u

#
#  Envelope sender rewriting
#
S10
R<@> $n errors to mailer-daemon
R@ <@ $*> $n temporarily bypass Sun bogosity
R$+ $: $>50 $1 add local domain if needed
R$* $: $>94 $1 do masquerading

#
#  Envelope recipient rewriting
#
S20
R$+ < @ $* > $: $1 strip host part

#
#  Header sender rewriting
#
S30
R<@> $n errors to mailer-daemon
R@ <@ $*> $n temporarily bypass Sun bogosity
R$+ $: $>50 $1 add local domain if needed
R$* $: $>93 $1 do masquerading

#
#  Header recipient rewriting
#
S40
R$+ $: $>50 $1 add local domain if needed

#
#  Common code to add local domain name (only if always-add-domain)
#
S50

#####################################
###   SMTP Mailer specification   ###
#####################################

#####  @(#)smtp.m4 8.38 (Berkeley) 5/19/1998  #####

Msmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuX, S=11/31, R=21, E=\r\n, L=990,
T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP,
A=IPC $h
Mesmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXa, S=11/31, R=21, E=\r\n, L=990,
T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP,
A=IPC $h
Msmtp8, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuX8, S=11/31, R=21, E=\r\n, L=990,
T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP,
A=IPC $h
Mrelay, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXa8, S=11/31, R=61, E=\r\n, L=2040,
T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP,
A=IPC $h

#
#  envelope sender rewriting
#
S11
R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient common
R$* :; <@> $@ list:; special case
R$* $: $>61 $1 qualify unqual'ed names
R$+ $: $>94 $1 do masquerading


#
#  envelope recipient rewriting --
#  also header recipient if not masquerading recipients
#
S21
R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient common
R$+ $: $>61 $1 qualify unqual'ed names


#
#  header sender and masquerading header recipient rewriting
#
S31
R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient common
R:; <@> $@ list:; special case

# do special header rewriting
R$* <@> $* $@ $1 <@> $2 pass null host through
R< @ $* > $* $@ < @ $1 > $2 pass route-addr through
R$* $: $>61 $1 qualify unqual'ed names
R$+ $: $>93 $1 do masquerading


#
#  convert pseudo-domain addresses to real domain addresses
#
S51

# pass <route-addr>s through
R< @ $+ > $* $@ < @ $1 > $2 resolve <route-addr>

# output fake domains as user%fake@relay

# do UUCP heuristics; note that these are shared with UUCP mailers
R$+ < @ $+ .UUCP. > $: < $2 ! > $1 convert to UUCP form
R$+ < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 not UUCP form

# leave these in .UUCP form to avoid further tampering
R< $&h ! > $- ! $+ $@ $2 < @ $1 .UUCP. >
R< $&h ! > $-.$+ ! $+ $@ $3 < @ $1.$2 >
R< $&h ! > $+ $@ $1 < @ $&h .UUCP. >
R< $+ ! > $+ $: $1 ! $2 < @ $Y > use UUCP_RELAY
R$+ < @ $+ : $+ > $@ $1 < @ $3 > strip mailer: part
R$+ < @ > $: $1 < @ *LOCAL* > if no UUCP_RELAY


#
#  common sender and masquerading recipient rewriting
#
S61

R$* < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 already fully qualified
R$+ $@ $1 < @ *LOCAL* > add local qualification


#
#  relay mailer header masquerading recipient rewriting
#
S71

R$+ $: $>61 $1
R$+ $: $>93 $1








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