From owner-freebsd-arch Fri Oct 29 11: 9:14 1999 Delivered-To: freebsd-arch@freebsd.org Received: from ns1.yes.no (ns1.yes.no [195.204.136.10]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 124E41550E for ; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 11:09:09 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from eivind@bitbox.follo.net) Received: from bitbox.follo.net (bitbox.follo.net [195.204.143.218]) by ns1.yes.no (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA27175 for ; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 20:09:08 +0200 (CEST) Received: (from eivind@localhost) by bitbox.follo.net (8.8.8/8.8.6) id UAA40186 for freebsd-arch@freebsd.org; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 20:09:02 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from bachue.usc.unal.edu.co (bachue.usc.unal.edu.co [168.176.3.20]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id E12181551C for ; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 11:04:32 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from pfgiffun@bachue.usc.unal.edu.co) Received: from bachue.usc.unal.edu.co ([168.176.3.36]) by bachue.usc.unal.edu.co (Netscape Messaging Server 3.6) with ESMTP id AAA2C47 for ; Fri, 29 Oct 1999 13:04:03 -0400 Message-ID: <3819E3C2.B4958AC6@bachue.usc.unal.edu.co> Date: Fri, 29 Oct 1999 13:13:22 -0500 From: "Pedro Fernando Giffuni" Organization: Universidad Nacional de Colombia X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en]C-CCK-MCD {Sony} (Win98; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: freebsd-arch@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Storing small files in inodes References: <19991029150228.BB45314BF7@hub.freebsd.org> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-freebsd-arch@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.ORG I found some free references for those of us not on USENIX: http://amsterdam.lcs.mit.edu/papers/cffs.html http://www.pdos.lcs.mit.edu/papers/exo-sosp97/exo-sosp97.html The Exokernel and Logical Disks links are interesting: http://www.pdos.lcs.mit.edu/ enjoy, Pedro. "Jonathan M. Bresler" wrote: > > > > > >I vaguely remember a paper on the topic. > > I was sure I wasn't the first one to think of this. > > > > http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/ana97/ganger.html > > With embedded inodes, the inodes for most files are stored in the > directory with the corresponding name, removing a physical level of > indirection without sacrificing the logical level of indirection. With > explicit grouping, the data blocks of multiple small files named by a > given directory are allocated adjacently and moved to and from the > disk as a unit in most cases. Measurement for our C-FSS implementation > show that embedded inodes and explicit grouping have the potential to > increase small file throughput (for both reads and writes) by a factor > of 5-7 compared to the same file system without these techniques. The > improvement comes directly from reducing the number of disk accesses > required by an order of magnitude. Preliminary experience > with software-development applications shows performance improvements > ranging from 30-300 percent. > > jmb > > To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org > with "unsubscribe freebsd-arch" in the body of the message To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-arch" in the body of the message