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Date: Tue, 11 Mar 2008 01:30:42 +0100
From: Kris Kennaway <kris@FreeBSD.org>
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To: Thomas Vogt <freebsdlists@bsdunix.ch>
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Cc: freebsd-fs@FreeBSD.org, current@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed with many ZFS FS and
 NFSD
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Thomas Vogt wrote:
> Hi List(s)
> 
> I try to simulate real workload for our environment in my lab. The idea
> was to create 10k+ ZFS fs with several thousand files on each fs and
> then measure daily workload performance. Maybe 10k fs sounds silly but
> if you need individual quota for every user on a system, 5-10k fs are
> not unusual for ZFS
> 
> My script to cerate zfs fs
> #!/bin/sh
> i=0; while [ $i != 10000 ]; do zfs create tank/script$i; i=`expr $i +
> 1`; done
> 
> My script stopped after creating ~4850 FS with:
> vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed
> vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed
> vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed
> vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed
> vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed
> vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed

Your kernel has run out of memory.  If you cannot tune kmem_size further 
then it cannot handle this many ZFS filesystems.

Kris