From owner-freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Fri Mar 29 02:41:27 2019 Return-Path: Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@mailman.ysv.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mailman.ysv.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CB6EB1554A1D for ; Fri, 29 Mar 2019 02:41:27 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from mout.kundenserver.de (mout.kundenserver.de [212.227.126.130]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (Client CN "mout.kundenserver.de", Issuer "TeleSec ServerPass DE-2" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 7207C71645 for ; Fri, 29 Mar 2019 02:41:26 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from freebsd@edvax.de) Received: from r56.edvax.de ([92.193.229.77]) by mrelayeu.kundenserver.de (mreue011 [212.227.15.167]) with ESMTPA (Nemesis) id 1MhlbM-1gVyux3cw4-00dldF; Fri, 29 Mar 2019 03:41:24 +0100 Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2019 03:41:23 +0100 From: Polytropon To: mayuresh@kathe.in Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Why is Sendmail still around? Message-Id: <20190329034123.33357629.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <4101a1092141b58e05ef7552278b15ff@kathe.in> References: <4101a1092141b58e05ef7552278b15ff@kathe.in> Reply-To: Polytropon Organization: EDVAX X-Mailer: Sylpheed 3.1.1 (GTK+ 2.24.5; i386-portbld-freebsd8.2) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:FyuIB15Uk2Qton8hpHLFjGo3tq0Qh8oC+EPjdqdFZDNbHQdgC38 oba/5zy7Uq4RJ91TCpCGBIBFF4raGQlkc2Q+QfNS2DhO8VatYxZCzNzdoRIvtHYsUirZMbz n98jG5wlJ+Zp0eNsB0Wo/NnJzCVkvpXs9NvS7A+cZjS2vOEEbNJsAS6ufJUrTlwv+1hOvah T6SZVy7KXX747ZKEZJo9w== X-Spam-Flag: NO X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V03:K0:oJm/l+Lqavc=:gLJFbRuUypA7T51EJqKAEi 8X7txpFRSSM6h2bz6HA0R30lQG9pPwTH9qBdfg3/4NeRKNQ4nN+694lDUpTnDVW1peWCINrpF B5mAgixmKO3EwZuzlINMs5/tBunZX8EKH8933nizd4GTlkm2sCDSvNfMhaxUI+a/dRVQn3a7E v57+yakIuUHYz0T0AXQDDf0vsrbauoRN6APwk4D5P0FZLZZIx/rC+xVOGOhYAPtToGRI8AIIu J601jZ1AsZPBGFZhZmcUceJz2aNa2rGYGKc+qSfI5Lx+m7ojjeoUqVvdCGs8LP3Dk4vhtRnRf A0RWWsJIsAo10QiHjMY2r2Y6BcrLiGFI8oaG9VjdYr8wasQ/O94NmA295ZVUS9WOGMkIX7cy0 7Jt+eQkk2iYDSez1lksqsoS1Xm/FXG1Mb7tp71EzYHduzXWspxBPTTo9WTotnsTtmQSkyt5u4 poGPMuAxDvcXCRvO83hG4QuK3vq6JH5IGL0n2xh1rRqhC6sHYoRDAymYy8SPGPFkO7jUBjVhf 6MWWCYjthUPXiC7bX/Ip6eSw3C+9HcQXSYtWwakf3ogsDNe7Ec6eYIdwNoU047xNuSAiiL735 FHbnWJmXNYlS+cQhjFJZpP+0NxXVQbRxnjmQABKnUSmT0x4tWeTdD6rA2Yud0J40vNA2OxTcn IbGrV/Fv6QNUllVnVoIlUro13siEbH2Mx0GanqTfs4evVQ1h4u/uYZF8fyOVXWZye5RxSoaFO ZGFjuivQVddS5uxZq0VjgW8dt41+dHJFVDelUFSbPZwSV+drLNpEFd2PoKU= X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 7207C71645 X-Spamd-Bar: +++++++ Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org X-Spamd-Result: default: False [7.18 / 15.00]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; HAS_REPLYTO(0.00)[freebsd@edvax.de]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; IP_SCORE(0.88)[ip: (4.12), ipnet: 212.227.0.0/16(-1.31), asn: 8560(1.61), country: DE(-0.01)]; TO_DN_NONE(0.00)[]; HAS_ORG_HEADER(0.00)[]; MX_GOOD(-0.01)[cached: mx01.schlund.de]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; RECEIVED_SPAMHAUS_PBL(0.00)[77.229.193.92.zen.spamhaus.org : 127.0.0.10]; R_DKIM_NA(0.00)[]; SUBJECT_ENDS_QUESTION(1.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:8560, ipnet:212.227.0.0/16, country:DE]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; REPLYTO_EQ_FROM(0.00)[]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_SHORT(0.92)[0.921,0]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; DMARC_NA(0.00)[edvax.de]; AUTH_NA(1.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_MEDIUM(0.98)[0.983,0]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; NEURAL_SPAM_LONG(1.00)[1.000,0]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[130.126.227.212.list.dnswl.org : 127.0.5.0]; MID_CONTAINS_FROM(1.00)[]; R_SPF_NA(0.00)[]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[130.126.227.212.rep.mailspike.net : 127.0.0.17]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; GREYLIST(0.00)[pass,meta]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[] X-Spam: Yes X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.29 Precedence: list List-Id: User questions List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2019 02:41:28 -0000 On Fri, 29 Mar 2019 07:29:58 +0530, Mayuresh Kathe wrote: > I am led to believe that Sendmail is still around in the install image > as well as the base install because some need a way to send out mails > without having to install a package/port. No. The sendmail's primary (!) purpose on a UNIX system (and in this case, on FreeBSD), is the "intra-system mail delivery", i. e. the communication of programs to users. Things in /etc/periodic as well as user cron entries typically use this mechanism to inform the administrator or particular users. This mechanism can be easily configured if you need something differing from the default setup. Sending mail out of the system ("inter-system mail delivery", to follow the analogy opened above) is also possible, either using a mail relay (the "SmartHost" feature) or acting as a real MTA. This makes it easy for the user to send mail independently of the program: mail, mailx, or a GUI client: The messages are quickly (!) put into the system's queue, and the system takes care of it. No annoying IMAP or SMTP interactive "waiting bar" dialog that blocks your workflow, no waiting for some foreground process to finish. This setup also reports back errors to the user in case this should happen. It's even possible to have automated mechanisms (programs and shell scripts) use this facility: You can pipe anything to the system mail program. For example, % ls -laR /export | mail -s "Exported files" bob@example.com can fulfill Bob's request for a list of all files currently in the /export subtree. No need to take screenshots from a GUI file manager, import them into a web mailer, wait for transfer encoding and so on... :-) As you can see, sendmail is a multi-purpose (!) tool. Check /etc/defaults/rc.conf for sendmail options. > Can't the same be achieved > with "msmtp" which is lighter and easier to configure for simple tasks > than Sendmail. The question is: Can msmtp do everything that sendmail can? There are still many sendmail installations online, even though today today, postfix and exim are often considered superior, and I'd even say they are therefore used more often. > Hope FreeBSD isn't hanging on to Sendmail due to some > political issue like being the baby of one of the lead developers / > founders! No, I think it's the consideration of the implemented features and the ability of integration into the system that keeps sendmail in its current place. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...