From owner-freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.ORG Wed May 9 16:16:52 2007 Return-Path: X-Original-To: freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.ORG Delivered-To: freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.ORG Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [69.147.83.52]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0B4BD16A403 for ; Wed, 9 May 2007 16:16:52 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from olli@lurza.secnetix.de) Received: from lurza.secnetix.de (lurza.secnetix.de [83.120.8.8]) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8692513C44B for ; Wed, 9 May 2007 16:16:51 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from olli@lurza.secnetix.de) Received: from lurza.secnetix.de (kdqted@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by lurza.secnetix.de (8.13.4/8.13.4) with ESMTP id l49GGirj053335; Wed, 9 May 2007 18:16:49 +0200 (CEST) (envelope-from oliver.fromme@secnetix.de) Received: (from olli@localhost) by lurza.secnetix.de (8.13.4/8.13.1/Submit) id l49GGiEq053334; Wed, 9 May 2007 18:16:44 +0200 (CEST) (envelope-from olli) Date: Wed, 9 May 2007 18:16:44 +0200 (CEST) Message-Id: <200705091616.l49GGiEq053334@lurza.secnetix.de> From: Oliver Fromme To: freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.ORG, ken73.chen@gmail.com In-Reply-To: X-Newsgroups: list.freebsd-stable User-Agent: tin/1.8.2-20060425 ("Shillay") (UNIX) (FreeBSD/4.11-STABLE (i386)) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Greylist: Sender IP whitelisted, not delayed by milter-greylist-2.1.2 (lurza.secnetix.de [127.0.0.1]); Wed, 09 May 2007 18:16:49 +0200 (CEST) Cc: Subject: Re: top shows '' X-BeenThere: freebsd-stable@freebsd.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.5 Precedence: list Reply-To: freebsd-stable@FreeBSD.ORG, ken73.chen@gmail.com List-Id: Production branch of FreeBSD source code List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 09 May 2007 16:16:52 -0000 Ken Chen wrote: > When I use 'top' command to check my system, some processes are shown like > ''. The manual told these processes are swapped out. Actually it means that they're not mapped into RAM, but in practice that should be the same. Just out of cusiosity I grepped the kernel sources for the PS_INMEM flag and found just two places where it could possibly be cleared for a process: during creation of a child process within the fork() system call, and when a process is being swapped out. > But my problem is .. I don't have swapping device (swapoff -a). Where are > they swapped to ? If you don't plan to configure any swap at all, I recommend you build a kernel with "options NO_SWAPPING". It removes the code for swapping processes from the kernel. (By the way, I recommend you always configure some swap, even if you don't intend to use it under normal circumstances, except maybe on diskless machines.) Best regards Oliver -- Oliver Fromme, secnetix GmbH & Co. KG, Marktplatz 29, 85567 Grafing b. M. Handelsregister: Registergericht Muenchen, HRA 74606, Geschäftsfuehrung: secnetix Verwaltungsgesellsch. mbH, Handelsregister: Registergericht Mün- chen, HRB 125758, Geschäftsführer: Maik Bachmann, Olaf Erb, Ralf Gebhart FreeBSD-Dienstleistungen, -Produkte und mehr: http://www.secnetix.de/bsd "If you think C++ is not overly complicated, just what is a protected abstract virtual base pure virtual private destructor, and when was the last time you needed one?" -- Tom Cargil, C++ Journal