Date: Sat, 29 Dec 2012 16:40:42 -0500 From: Mikel King <mikel.king@olivent.com> To: Fbsd8 <fbsd8@a1poweruser.com> Cc: Polytropon <freebsd@edvax.de>, freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: static ip address and ifconfig Message-ID: <C96878CC-3A9C-4A7A-B7B6-4E586AAF3CFF@olivent.com> In-Reply-To: <50DF5D99.9020206@a1poweruser.com> References: "\"<50DF24BC.20507@a1poweruser.com>" <20121229124207.110dca60@europa>" <50DF30EA.1030408@a1poweruser.com> <20121229191604.cff1a883.freebsd@edvax.de> <50DF3A61.6040307@a1poweruser.com> <29b73b32ef10a5f868eb1e3bbc6a0a95@dweimer.net> <50DF5D99.9020206@a1poweruser.com>
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Well generally DHCP and static are mutually exclusive on the same = interface. Also bear in mind that DHCP is more comprehensive than a = simple address assignment system. In addition a static reservation is = not the same thing as a static IP address assignment on an interface. = They are similar but different. A DHCP assignment will bind one address to a MAC as well as configure = address resolution, routing et cettera=85 Whereas a static IP assignment = must be configured manually by you the human and not the ISP. Your ISP = can route a block of addresses to you via a CPE like a DSL modem or = router but you have to configure your equipment to consume the traffic = passed on by that device.=20 For instance my cable provider's modem boots DHCP, as does the router = that they configure via DHCP net boot so that it may receive the block = of static IP addresses assigned to my account. The router itself = consumes the first usable address as delivered by the ISP. I am free to = assign the remain 5 addresses to any device be-it a firewall or server = at my discretion and connect it to the LAN side of this router. The = following is sort of what these static assignment will look like on this = server. xl1: flags=3D8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:17:02:d3:84:6f=20 inet 75.99.82.91 netmask 0xfffffff8 broadcast 75.99.82.95 inet 75.99.82.93 netmask 0xfffffff8 broadcast 75.99.82.95 inet 75.99.82.92 netmask 0xfffffff8 broadcast 75.99.82.95 media: autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>) status: active Regards, Mikel King Senior Editor, BSD News http://bsdnews.net On Dec 29, 2012, at 4:16 PM, Fbsd8 <fbsd8@a1poweruser.com> wrote: > snip previous >> It still all depends on your configuration, it won't look any = different than a static private IP address shows when doing an ifconfig = except it will be the public IP. Generally if you have a static IP you = will have to set it manually, and it won't get it via DHCP. But I have = worked with some DSL connections though that assigned the static IP = through a DHCP reservation based on your modem/routers MAC address. = However that would only work for a single IP. If you get 25, you can = assign those with aliases to make a single server answer on the others = as well, common for servers hosting multiple https web sites. >> Here's an example with Aliases, its from a LAN with private range, = but would look no different except IPs if it was public range addresses. = This is from my web/email server (the very one this message comes = from), the secondary IP is for running jails, when testing upgrades. >> LAN: flags=3D8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 = mtu 9000 >> = options=3D209b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,WOL_MAGIC= > >> ether 00:07:e9:09:be:4f >> inet 192.168.5.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.5.255 >> inet 192.168.5.21 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.5.255 >> nd6 options=3D29<PERFORMNUD,IFDISABLED,AUTO_LINKLOCAL> >> media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT <full-duplex>) >> status: active >> Here's an example from a public range, pulled this from my pfSense = box, which is on a Cable Connection with a block of 5 static IP = Addresses. >> vr1: flags=3D8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 = mtu 1500 >> = options=3D8280b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,WOL_UCAST,WOL_MAGIC,LINKSTATE> >> ether 00:0d:b9:1c:78:2d >> inet 24.240.198.186 netmask 0xfffffff8 broadcast 24.240.198.191 >> inet6 fe80::20d:b9ff:fe1c:782d%vr1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x2 >> nd6 options=3D43<PERFORMNUD,ACCEPT_RTADV> >> media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>) >> status: active >> There's just a single IP set, though it does relay connections on = other IPs, using proxy arp to do this so there is no need for an alias = to be defined. >=20 > So your saying the ISP forwards any internet traffic for those static = ip address to the on site "modem/router" MAC address which my service = was previsioned to? >=20 > The ISP is sending DNS port 53 and DHCP port 67 traffic on each static = ip address as well? >=20 > I can configure the on site modem/router to assign selected static ip = address to a router's hardware port which is cabled to different PC's? >=20 > The PC's would only be seeing traffic for that selected static ip = address? >=20 > The rc.config statement ifconfig_xl0=3D"DHCP" on that PC would = function as exspected? >=20 >=20 > Now if I only had a on site "modem" with a single output port, then > all the static ip address would hit the NIC card it was cabled to? >=20 > So on the single FreeBSD system with NIC xl0 being cabled to the = single port coming from the on site modem I would need ifconfig = statements in rc.conf to select what static ip address I want to use for = DHCP to automatically get the ISP's DSN ip address? Please correct my = syntax if wrong > ifconfig_xl0=3D"DHCP,24.240.xxx.186" >=20 > If I wanted to use the remaining static ip address for other PC's on = my private LAN I would have to have additional ifconfig statements in = rc.conf? > ifconfig_xl0=3D"alias,24.240.xxx.187,24.240.xxx.188,24.240.xxx.189" > or would I need a single statement for each alias? Please correct my = syntax if wrong. >=20 > I would also have to configure my firewall to redirect those alias = static ip address to the LAN ip address of the servers I want to target? >=20 > For some of the remaining static ip address i have not used yet, I = would like to use them for jails. Using the jail option to provide the > interface name to bound to which automatically creates an alias for = the jails ip address at jail start time and also removes it when the = jail stopped. I can do this by creating the jail using one of the unused = static ip address? >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 > _______________________________________________ > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to = "freebsd-questions-unsubscribe@freebsd.org"
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