Date: Fri, 25 Jan 2013 17:11:04 +0000 (UTC) From: Dru Lavigne <dru@FreeBSD.org> To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r40750 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/printing Message-ID: <201301251711.r0PHB4ws052410@svn.freebsd.org>
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Author: dru Date: Fri Jan 25 17:11:04 2013 New Revision: 40750 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/40750 Log: White space fix only. Translators can ignore. Approved by: gjb (mentor) Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/printing/chapter.xml Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/printing/chapter.xml ============================================================================== --- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/printing/chapter.xml Fri Jan 25 17:07:42 2013 (r40749) +++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/printing/chapter.xml Fri Jan 25 17:11:04 2013 (r40750) @@ -29,21 +29,23 @@ <sect1 id="printing-synopsis"> <title>Synopsis</title> + <indexterm><primary>LPD spooling system</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>printing</primary></indexterm> - <para>&os; can be used to print with a wide variety of printers, from the - oldest impact printer to the latest laser printers, and everything in - between, allowing you to produce high-quality printed output from the - applications you run.</para> + <para>&os; can be used to print with a wide variety of printers, + from the oldest impact printer to the latest laser printers, + and everything in between, allowing you to produce high-quality + printed output from the applications you run.</para> <para>&os; can also be configured to act as a print server on a - network; in this capacity &os; can receive print jobs from a variety - of other computers, including other &os; computers, &windows; and - &macos; hosts. &os; will ensure that one job at a time is printed, and - can keep statistics on which users and machines are doing the most - printing, produce <quote>banner</quote> pages showing whose printout is - whose, and more.</para> + network; in this capacity &os; can receive print jobs from a + varietyof other computers, including other &os; computers, + &windows; and &macos; hosts. &os; will ensure that one job + at a time is printed, and can keep statistics on which users + and machines are doing the most printing, produce + <quote>banner</quote> pages showing whose printout is whose, + and more.</para> <para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para> @@ -53,17 +55,19 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para>How to install print filters, to handle special print jobs - differently, including converting incoming documents to print - formats that your printers understand.</para> + <para>How to install print filters, to handle special print + jobs differently, including converting incoming documents + to print formats that your printers understand.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>How to enable header, or banner pages on your printout.</para> + <para>How to enable header, or banner pages on your + printout.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>How to print with printers connected to other computers.</para> + <para>How to print with printers connected to other + computers.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -72,8 +76,9 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para>How to control printer restrictions, including limiting the size - of print jobs, and preventing certain users from printing.</para> + <para>How to control printer restrictions, including limiting + the size of print jobs, and preventing certain users from + printing.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -99,21 +104,22 @@ <sect1 id="printing-intro-spooler"> <title>Introduction</title> - <para>In order to use printers with &os; you may set - them up to work with the Berkeley line printer spooling system, - also known as the <application>LPD</application> spooling system, - or just <application>LPD</application>. - It is the standard printer control system in &os;. This - chapter introduces <application>LPD</application> and - will guide you through its configuration.</para> + <para>In order to use printers with &os; you may set them up to + work with the Berkeley line printer spooling system, also known + as the <application>LPD</application> spooling system, or just + <application>LPD</application>. It is the standard printer + control system in &os;. This chapter introduces + <application>LPD</application> and will guide you through its + configuration.</para> <para>If you are already familiar with <application>LPD</application> or another printer spooling system, you may wish to skip to section <link linkend="printing-intro-setup">Basic Setup</link>.</para> - <para><application>LPD</application> controls everything about a - host's printers. It is responsible for a number of things:</para> + <para><application>LPD</application> controls everything about + a host's printers. It is responsible for a number of + things:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> @@ -129,16 +135,16 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para>It prevents multiple users from accessing a printer at the - same time by maintaining a <emphasis>queue</emphasis> for each - printer.</para> + <para>It prevents multiple users from accessing a printer at + the same time by maintaining a <emphasis>queue</emphasis> + for each printer.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>It can print <emphasis>header pages</emphasis> (also known - as <emphasis>banner</emphasis> or <emphasis>burst</emphasis> - pages) so users can easily find jobs they have printed in a - stack of printouts.</para> + <para>It can print <emphasis>header pages</emphasis> (also + known as <emphasis>banner</emphasis> or + <emphasis>burst</emphasis> pages) so users can easily find + jobs they have printed in a stack of printouts.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -148,12 +154,14 @@ <listitem> <para>It can send jobs over the network to a - <application>LPD</application> spooler on another host.</para> + <application>LPD</application> spooler on another + host.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>It can run special filters to format jobs to be printed for - various printer languages or printer capabilities.</para> + <para>It can run special filters to format jobs to be printed + for various printer languages or printer + capabilities.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -162,42 +170,42 @@ </itemizedlist> <para>Through a configuration file - (<filename>/etc/printcap</filename>), and by providing the special - filter programs, you can enable the <application>LPD</application> - system to do all or some subset of the above for a great variety of - printer hardware.</para> + (<filename>/etc/printcap</filename>), and by providing the + special filter programs, you can enable the + <application>LPD</application> system to do all or some subset + of the above for a great variety of printer hardware.</para> <sect2 id="printing-intro-why"> <title>Why You Should Use the Spooler</title> - <para>If you are the sole user of your system, you may be wondering - why you should bother with the spooler when you do not need access - control, header pages, or printer accounting. While it is - possible to enable direct access to a printer, you should use the - spooler anyway since:</para> + <para>If you are the sole user of your system, you may be + wondering why you should bother with the spooler when you do + not need access control, header pages, or printer accounting. + While it is possible to enable direct access to a printer, + you should use the spooler anyway since:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para><application>LPD</application> prints jobs in the background; - you do not have to wait for data to be copied to the - printer.</para> + <para><application>LPD</application> prints jobs in the + background; you do not have to wait for data to be copied + to the printer.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <indexterm><primary>&tex;</primary></indexterm> - <para><application>LPD</application> can conveniently run a job - to be printed through filters to add date/time headers or convert - a special file format (such as a &tex; DVI file) into a format - the printer will understand. You will not have to do these steps - manually.</para> + <para><application>LPD</application> can conveniently run + a job to be printed through filters to add date/time + headers or convert a special file format (such as a &tex; + DVI file) into a format the printer will understand. + You will not have to do these steps manually.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>Many free and commercial programs that provide a print - feature usually expect to talk to the spooler on your system. - By setting up the spooling system, you will more easily - support other software you may later add or already + feature usually expect to talk to the spooler on your + system. By setting up the spooling system, you will more + easily support other software you may later add or already have.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> @@ -216,72 +224,74 @@ documentation according to these changes.</para> </warning> - <para>To use printers with the <application>LPD</application> spooling - system, you will need to set up both your printer hardware and the - <application>LPD</application> software. This document describes two - levels of setup:</para> + <para>To use printers with the <application>LPD</application> + spooling system, you will need to set up both your printer + hardware and the <application>LPD</application> software. This + document describes two levels of setup:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>See section <link linkend="printing-simple">Simple Printer - Setup</link> to learn how to connect a printer, tell - <application>LPD</application> how to communicate with it, and - print plain text files to the printer.</para> + <para>See section <link linkend="printing-simple">Simple + Printer Setup</link> to learn how to connect a printer, + tell <application>LPD</application> how to communicate with + it, and print plain text files to the printer.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>See section <link linkend="printing-advanced">Advanced Printer - Setup</link> to learn how to print a variety of special file - formats, to print header pages, to print across a network, to - control access to printers, and to do printer accounting.</para> + <para>See section <link linkend="printing-advanced">Advanced + Printer Setup</link> to learn how to print a variety of + special file formats, to print header pages, to print across + a network, to control access to printers, and to do printer + accounting.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> <sect2 id="printing-simple"> <title>Simple Printer Setup</title> - <para>This section tells how to configure printer hardware and the - <application>LPD</application> software to use the printer. - It teaches the basics:</para> + <para>This section tells how to configure printer hardware + and the <application>LPD</application> software to use the + printer. It teaches the basics:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para>Section <link linkend="printing-hardware">Hardware - Setup</link> gives some hints on connecting the printer to a - port on your computer.</para> + Setup</link> gives some hints on connecting the printer + to a port on your computer.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>Section <link linkend="printing-software">Software - Setup</link> shows how to set up the + Setup</link> shows how to set up the <application>LPD</application> spooler configuration file (<filename>/etc/printcap</filename>).</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> - <para>If you are setting up a printer that uses a network protocol - to accept data to print instead of a computer's local interfaces, - see <link linkend="printing-advanced-network-net-if">Printers With - Networked Data Stream Interfaces</link>.</para> + <para>If you are setting up a printer that uses a network + protocol to accept data to print instead of a computer's local + interfaces, see <link + linkend="printing-advanced-network-net-if">Printers With + Networked Data Stream Interfaces</link>.</para> <para>Although this section is called <quote>Simple Printer - Setup</quote>, it is actually fairly complex. Getting the printer - to work with your computer and the <application>LPD</application> - spooler is the hardest part. The advanced options like header pages - and accounting are fairly easy once you get the printer - working.</para> + Setup</quote>, it is actually fairly complex. Getting the + printer to work with your computer and the + <application>LPD</application> spooler is the hardest part. + The advanced options like header pages and accounting are + fairly easy once you get the printer working.</para> <sect3 id="printing-hardware"> <title>Hardware Setup</title> - <para>This section tells about the various ways you can connect a - printer to your PC. It talks about the kinds of ports and - cables, and also the kernel configuration you may need to enable - &os; to speak to the printer.</para> + <para>This section tells about the various ways you can + connect a printer to your PC. It talks about the kinds of + ports and cables, and also the kernel configuration you may + need to enable &os; to speak to the printer.</para> <para>If you have already connected your printer and have - successfully printed with it under another operating system, you - can probably skip to section <link + successfully printed with it under another operating system, + you can probably skip to section <link linkend="printing-software">Software Setup</link>.</para> <sect4 id="printing-ports"> @@ -300,13 +310,14 @@ <para><emphasis>Serial</emphasis> interfaces, also known as RS-232 or COM ports, use a serial port on your computer to send data to the printer. Serial - interfaces are common in the computer industry and cables - are readily available and also easy to construct. Serial - interfaces sometimes need special cables and might require - you to configure somewhat complex communications - options. Most PC serial ports have a maximum - transmission rate of 115200 bps, which makes printing - large graphic print jobs with them impractical.</para> + interfaces are common in the computer industry and + cables are readily available and also easy to + construct. Serial interfaces sometimes need special + cables and might require you to configure somewhat + complex communications options. Most PC serial ports + have a maximum transmission rate of 115200 bps, + which makes printing large graphic print jobs with + them impractical.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -317,12 +328,12 @@ <para><emphasis>Parallel</emphasis> interfaces use a parallel port on your computer to send data to the - printer. Parallel interfaces are common in the PC market - and are faster than RS-232 serial. - Cables are readily available but more difficult to - construct by hand. There are usually no communications - options with parallel interfaces, making their - configuration exceedingly simple.</para> + printer. Parallel interfaces are common in the PC + market and are faster than RS-232 serial. Cables are + readily available but more difficult to construct by + hand. There are usually no communications options + with parallel interfaces, making their configuration + exceedingly simple.</para> <indexterm> <primary>centronics</primary> @@ -341,115 +352,123 @@ <para>USB interfaces, named for the Universal Serial Bus, can run at even faster speeds than parallel or - RS-232 serial interfaces. Cables are simple and cheap. - USB is superior to RS-232 Serial and to Parallel for - printing, but it is not as well supported under &unix; - systems. A way to avoid this problem is to purchase a - printer that has both a USB interface and a Parallel - interface, as many printers do.</para> + RS-232 serial interfaces. Cables are simple and + cheap. USB is superior to RS-232 Serial and to + Parallel for printing, but it is not as well supported + under &unix; systems. A way to avoid this problem is + to purchase a printer that has both a USB interface + and a Parallel interface, as many printers do.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> <para>In general, Parallel interfaces usually offer just one-way communication (computer to printer) while serial and USB gives you two-way. Newer parallel ports (EPP and - ECP) and printers can communicate in both directions under &os; - when a IEEE-1284-compliant cable is used.</para> + ECP) and printers can communicate in both directions under + &os; when a IEEE-1284-compliant cable is used.</para> <indexterm><primary>PostScript</primary></indexterm> <para>Two-way communication to the printer over a parallel - port is generally done in one of two ways. The first method - uses a custom-built printer driver for &os; that speaks - the proprietary language used by the printer. This is - common with inkjet printers and can be used for reporting - ink levels and other status information. The second - method is used when the printer supports + port is generally done in one of two ways. The first + method uses a custom-built printer driver for &os; that + speaks the proprietary language used by the printer. This + is common with inkjet printers and can be used for + reporting ink levels and other status information. The + second method is used when the printer supports &postscript;.</para> - <para>&postscript; jobs are actually programs sent to the printer; - they need not produce paper at all and may return results - directly to the computer. &postscript; also uses two-way - communication to tell the computer about problems, such as errors - in the &postscript; program or paper jams. Your users may be - appreciative of such information. Furthermore, the best way to - do effective accounting with a &postscript; printer requires - two-way communication: you ask the printer for its page count (how - many pages it has printed in its lifetime), then send the - user's job, then ask again for its page count. Subtract the - two values and you know how much paper to charge to the + <para>&postscript; jobs are actually programs sent to the + printer; they need not produce paper at all and may return + results directly to the computer. &postscript; also uses + two-way communication to tell the computer about problems, + such as errors in the &postscript; program or paper jams. + Your users may be appreciative of such information. + Furthermore, the best way to do effective accounting with + a &postscript; printer requires two-way communication: + you ask the printer for its page count (how many pages + it has printed in its lifetime), then send the user's job, + then ask again for its page count. Subtract the two + values and you know how much paper to charge to the user.</para> </sect4> <sect4 id="printing-parallel"> <title>Parallel Ports</title> - <para>To hook up a printer using a parallel interface, connect - the Centronics cable between the printer and the computer. - The instructions that came with the printer, the computer, or - both should give you complete guidance.</para> + <para>To hook up a printer using a parallel interface, + connect the Centronics cable between the printer and the + computer. The instructions that came with the printer, + the computer, or both should give you complete + guidance.</para> <para>Remember which parallel port you used on the computer. The first parallel port is - <filename class="devicefile">ppc0</filename> to &os;; the second - is <filename class="devicefile">ppc1</filename>, and so on. The + <filename class="devicefile">ppc0</filename> to &os;; + the second is <filename + class="devicefile">ppc1</filename>, and so on. The printer device name uses the same scheme: - <filename class="devicefile">/dev/lpt0</filename> for the printer - on the first parallel ports etc.</para> + <filename class="devicefile">/dev/lpt0</filename> for + the printer on the first parallel ports etc.</para> </sect4> <sect4 id="printing-serial"> <title>Serial Ports</title> - <para>To hook up a printer using a serial interface, connect the - proper serial cable between the printer and the computer. The - instructions that came with the printer, the computer, or both - should give you complete guidance.</para> + <para>To hook up a printer using a serial interface, connect + the proper serial cable between the printer and the + computer. The instructions that came with the printer, + the computer, or both should give you complete + guidance.</para> <para>If you are unsure what the <quote>proper serial - cable</quote> is, you may wish to try one of the following - alternatives:</para> + cable</quote> is, you may wish to try one of the + following alternatives:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>A <emphasis>modem</emphasis> cable connects each pin - of the connector on one end of the cable straight through - to its corresponding pin of the connector on the other - end. This type of cable is also known as a + <para>A <emphasis>modem</emphasis> cable connects each + pin of the connector on one end of the cable straight + through to its corresponding pin of the connector on + the other end. This type of cable is also known as a <quote>DTE-to-DCE</quote> cable.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <indexterm><primary>null-modem cable</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>null-modem + cable</primary></indexterm> - <para>A <emphasis>null-modem</emphasis> cable connects some - pins straight through, swaps others (send data to receive - data, for example), and shorts some internally in each - connector hood. This type of cable is also known as a - <quote>DTE-to-DTE</quote> cable.</para> + <para>A <emphasis>null-modem</emphasis> cable connects + some pins straight through, swaps others (send data to + receive data, for example), and shorts some internally + in each connector hood. This type of cable is also + known as a <quote>DTE-to-DTE</quote> cable.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>A <emphasis>serial printer</emphasis> cable, required - for some unusual printers, is like the null-modem cable, - but sends some signals to their counterparts instead of - being internally shorted.</para> + <para>A <emphasis>serial printer</emphasis> cable, + required for some unusual printers, is like the + null-modem cable, but sends some signals to their + counterparts instead of being internally + shorted.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> <indexterm><primary>baud rate</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>parity</primary></indexterm> - <indexterm><primary>flow control protocol</primary></indexterm> - <para>You should also set up the communications parameters for - the printer, usually through front-panel controls or DIP - switches on the printer. Choose the highest + <indexterm><primary>flow control + protocol</primary></indexterm> + <para>You should also set up the communications parameters + for the printer, usually through front-panel controls or + DIP switches on the printer. Choose the highest <literal>bps</literal> (bits per second, sometimes <emphasis>baud rate</emphasis>) that both your computer - and the printer can support. Choose 7 or 8 data bits; none, - even, or odd parity; and 1 or 2 stop bits. Also choose a flow - control protocol: either none, or XON/XOFF (also known as - <quote>in-band</quote> or <quote>software</quote>) flow control. - Remember these settings for the software configuration that + and the printer can support. Choose 7 or 8 data bits; + none, even, or odd parity; and 1 or 2 stop bits. Also + choose a flow control protocol: either none, or XON/XOFF + (also known as <quote>in-band</quote> or + <quote>software</quote>) flow control. Remember these + settings for the software configuration that follows.</para> </sect4> </sect3> @@ -457,73 +476,76 @@ <sect3 id="printing-software"> <title>Software Setup</title> - <para>This section describes the software setup necessary to print - with the <application>LPD</application> spooling system in &os;. - </para> + <para>This section describes the software setup necessary + to print with the <application>LPD</application> spooling + system in &os;.</para> <para>Here is an outline of the steps involved:</para> <procedure> <step> - <para>Configure your kernel, if necessary, for the port you - are using for the printer; section <link - linkend="printing-kernel">Kernel Configuration</link> tells - you what you need to do.</para> + <para>Configure your kernel, if necessary, for the port + you are using for the printer; section <link + linkend="printing-kernel">Kernel Configuration</link> + tells you what you need to do.</para> </step> <step> - <para>Set the communications mode for the parallel port, if - you are using a parallel port; section <link + <para>Set the communications mode for the parallel port, + if you are using a parallel port; section <link linkend="printing-parallel-port-mode">Setting the Communication Mode for the Parallel Port</link> gives details.</para> </step> <step> - <para>Test if the operating system can send data to the printer. - Section <link linkend="printing-testing">Checking Printer - Communications</link> gives some suggestions on how to do - this.</para> + <para>Test if the operating system can send data to the + printer. Section <link + linkend="printing-testing">Checking Printer + Communications</link> gives some suggestions on how to + do this.</para> </step> <step> - <para>Set up <application>LPD</application> for the printer by - modifying the file <filename>/etc/printcap</filename>. You - will find out how to do this later in this chapter.</para> + <para>Set up <application>LPD</application> for the + printer by modifying the file + <filename>/etc/printcap</filename>. You will find out + how to do this later in this chapter.</para> </step> </procedure> <sect4 id="printing-kernel"> <title>Kernel Configuration</title> - <para>The operating system kernel is compiled to work with a - specific set of devices. The serial or parallel interface for - your printer is a part of that set. Therefore, it might be - necessary to add support for an additional serial or parallel - port if your kernel is not already configured for one.</para> + <para>The operating system kernel is compiled to work with + a specific set of devices. The serial or parallel + interface for your printer is a part of that set. + Therefore, it might be necessary to add support for an + additional serial or parallel port if your kernel is not + already configured for one.</para> - <para>To find out if the kernel you are currently using supports - a serial interface, type:</para> + <para>To find out if the kernel you are currently using + supports a serial interface, type:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput><command>grep sio<replaceable>N</replaceable> <filename>/var/run/dmesg.boot</filename></command></userinput></screen> - <para>Where <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the number of the - serial port, starting from zero. If you see output similar to - the following:</para> + <para>Where <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the number of + the serial port, starting from zero. If you see output + similar to the following:</para> <screen>sio2 at port 0x3e8-0x3ef irq 5 on isa sio2: type 16550A</screen> <para>then the kernel supports the port.</para> - <para>To find out if the kernel supports a parallel interface, - type:</para> + <para>To find out if the kernel supports a parallel + interface, type:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput><command>grep ppc<replaceable>N</replaceable> /var/run/dmesg.boot</command></userinput></screen> - <para>Where <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the number of the - parallel port, starting from zero. If you see output similar - to the following:</para> + <para>Where <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the number of + the parallel port, starting from zero. If you see output + similar to the following:</para> <screen>ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0 ppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode @@ -531,13 +553,13 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< <para>then the kernel supports the port.</para> - <para>You might have to reconfigure your kernel in order for the - operating system to recognize and use the parallel or serial - port you are using for the printer.</para> + <para>You might have to reconfigure your kernel in order + for the operating system to recognize and use the parallel + or serial port you are using for the printer.</para> <para>To add support for a serial port, see the section on - kernel configuration. To add support for a parallel port, see - that section <emphasis>and</emphasis> the section that + kernel configuration. To add support for a parallel port, + see that section <emphasis>and</emphasis> the section that follows.</para> </sect4> </sect3> @@ -546,8 +568,8 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< <title>Setting the Communication Mode for the Parallel Port</title> - <para>When you are using the parallel interface, you can choose - whether &os; should use interrupt-driven or polled + <para>When you are using the parallel interface, you can + choose whether &os; should use interrupt-driven or polled communication with the printer. The generic printer device driver (&man.lpt.4;) on &os; uses the &man.ppbus.4; system, which controls the port @@ -555,10 +577,10 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>The <emphasis>interrupt-driven</emphasis> method is - the default with the GENERIC kernel. With this method, - the operating system uses an IRQ line to determine when - the printer is ready for data.</para> + <para>The <emphasis>interrupt-driven</emphasis> method + is the default with the GENERIC kernel. With this + method, the operating system uses an IRQ line to + determine when the printer is ready for data.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -582,27 +604,27 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< program.</para> <para><emphasis>To set the communications mode by configuring - the kernel:</emphasis></para> + the kernel:</emphasis></para> <procedure> <step> <para>Edit your kernel configuration file. Look for an <literal>ppc0</literal> entry. If you are setting up the second parallel port, use <literal>ppc1</literal> - instead. Use <literal>ppc2</literal> for the third port, - and so on.</para> + instead. Use <literal>ppc2</literal> for the third + port, and so on.</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para>If you want interrupt-driven mode, edit the following - line:</para> + <para>If you want interrupt-driven mode, edit the + following line:</para> <programlisting>hint.ppc.0.irq="<replaceable>N</replaceable>"</programlisting> - <para>in the <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename> file - and replace <replaceable>N</replaceable> with the right - IRQ number. The kernel configuration file must - also contain the &man.ppc.4; driver:</para> + <para>in the <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename> + file and replace <replaceable>N</replaceable> with + the right IRQ number. The kernel configuration file + must also contain the &man.ppc.4; driver:</para> <screen>device ppc</screen> </listitem> @@ -626,9 +648,10 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< </step> <step> - <para>Save the file. Then configure, build, and install the - kernel, then reboot. See <link linkend="kernelconfig">kernel - configuration</link> for more details.</para> + <para>Save the file. Then configure, build, and install + the kernel, then reboot. See <link + linkend="kernelconfig">kernel configuration</link> + for more details.</para> </step> </procedure> @@ -651,7 +674,7 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput><command>lptcontrol <option>-p</option> <option>-d</option> <filename class="devicefile">/dev/lpt<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename></command></userinput></screen> <para>to set polled-mode for - <literal>lpt<replaceable>N</replaceable></literal>.</para> + <literal>lpt<replaceable>N</replaceable></literal>.</para> </step> </procedure> @@ -685,19 +708,19 @@ ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold< (Is this thing working?) show showpage</programlisting> - <para>The above &postscript; code can be placed into a file and - used as shown in the examples appearing in the following + <para>The above &postscript; code can be placed into a file + and used as shown in the examples appearing in the following sections.</para> <indexterm><primary>PCL</primary></indexterm> <note> - <para>When this document refers to a printer language, it is - assuming a language like &postscript;, and not Hewlett + <para>When this document refers to a printer language, it + is assuming a language like &postscript;, and not Hewlett Packard's PCL. Although PCL has great functionality, you can intermingle plain text with its escape sequences. - &postscript; cannot directly print plain text, and that is the - kind of printer language for which we must make special - accommodations.</para> + &postscript; cannot directly print plain text, and that + is the kind of printer language for which we must make + special accommodations.</para> </note> <sect4 id="printing-checking-parallel"> @@ -712,11 +735,12 @@ showpage</programlisting> port.</para> <para><emphasis>To test a printer on a parallel - port:</emphasis></para> + port:</emphasis></para> <procedure> <step> - <para>Become <username>root</username> with &man.su.1;.</para> + <para>Become <username>root</username> with + &man.su.1;.</para> </step> <step> @@ -729,33 +753,35 @@ showpage</programlisting> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput><command>lptest > <filename class="devicefile">/dev/lpt<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename></command></userinput></screen> - <para>Where <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the number - of the parallel port, starting from zero.</para> + <para>Where <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the + number of the parallel port, starting from + zero.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>If the printer understands &postscript; or other - printer language, then send a small program to the - printer. Type:</para> + <para>If the printer understands &postscript; or + other printer language, then send a small program + to the printer. Type:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput><command>cat > <filename class="devicefile">/dev/lpt<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename></command></userinput></screen> <para>Then, line by line, type the program - <emphasis>carefully</emphasis> as you cannot edit a - line once you have pressed <literal>RETURN</literal> - or <literal>ENTER</literal>. When you have finished + <emphasis>carefully</emphasis> as you cannot edit + a line once you have pressed + <literal>RETURN</literal> or + <literal>ENTER</literal>. When you have finished entering the program, press - <literal>CONTROL+D</literal>, or whatever your end - of file key is.</para> + <literal>CONTROL+D</literal>, or whatever your + end of file key is.</para> - <para>Alternatively, you can put the program in a file - and type:</para> + <para>Alternatively, you can put the program in a + file and type:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput><command>cat <filename><replaceable>file</replaceable></filename> > <filename class="devicefile">/dev/lpt<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename></command></userinput></screen> <para>Where <replaceable>file</replaceable> is the - name of the file containing the program you want to - send to the printer.</para> + name of the file containing the program you want + to send to the printer.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </step> @@ -777,35 +803,37 @@ showpage</programlisting> communicate with a printer on a serial port.</para> <para><emphasis>To test a printer on a serial - port:</emphasis></para> + port:</emphasis></para> <procedure> <step> - <para>Become <username>root</username> with &man.su.1;.</para> + <para>Become <username>root</username> with + &man.su.1;.</para> </step> <step> - <para>Edit the file <filename>/etc/remote</filename>. Add - the following entry:</para> + <para>Edit the file <filename>/etc/remote</filename>. + Add the following entry:</para> <programlisting>printer:dv=<filename class="devicefile">/dev/<replaceable>port</replaceable></filename>:br#<replaceable>bps-rate</replaceable>:pa=<replaceable>parity</replaceable></programlisting> <indexterm><primary>bits-per-second</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>serial port</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>parity</primary></indexterm> - <para>Where <replaceable>port</replaceable> is the device - entry for the serial port (<literal>ttyu0</literal>, - <literal>ttyu1</literal>, etc.), - <replaceable>bps-rate</replaceable> is the - bits-per-second rate at which the printer communicates, - and <replaceable>parity</replaceable> is the parity - required by the printer (either <literal>even</literal>, - <literal>odd</literal>, <literal>none</literal>, or + <para>Where <replaceable>port</replaceable> is the + device entry for the serial port + (<literal>ttyu0</literal>, <literal>ttyu1</literal>, + etc.), <replaceable>bps-rate</replaceable> is the + bits-per-second rate at which the printer + communicates, and <replaceable>parity</replaceable> + is the parity required by the printer (either + <literal>even</literal>, <literal>odd</literal>, + <literal>none</literal>, or <literal>zero</literal>).</para> <para>Here is a sample entry for a printer connected via - a serial line to the third serial port at 19200 bps - with no parity:</para> + a serial line to the third serial port at + 19200 bps with no parity:</para> <programlisting>printer:dv=<filename class="devicefile">/dev/ttyu2</filename>:br#19200:pa=none</programlisting> </step> @@ -818,8 +846,11 @@ showpage</programlisting> <para>If this step does not work, edit the file <filename>/etc/remote</filename> again and try using - <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuaa<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> instead of - <filename class="devicefile">/dev/ttyu<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.</para> + <filename + class="devicefile">/dev/cuaa<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> + instead of + <filename + class="devicefile">/dev/ttyu<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.</para> </step> <step> @@ -834,18 +865,19 @@ showpage</programlisting> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>If the printer understands &postscript; or other - printer language, then send a small program to the - printer. Type the program, line by line, + <para>If the printer understands &postscript; or + other printer language, then send a small program + to the printer. Type the program, line by line, <emphasis>very carefully</emphasis> as backspacing or other editing keys may be significant to the printer. You may also need to type a special end-of-file key for the printer so it knows it received the whole program. For &postscript; - printers, press <literal>CONTROL+D</literal>.</para> + printers, press + <literal>CONTROL+D</literal>.</para> - <para>Alternatively, you can put the program in a file - and type:</para> + <para>Alternatively, you can put the program in a + file and type:</para> <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>><replaceable>file</replaceable></userinput></screen> @@ -864,43 +896,45 @@ showpage</programlisting> </sect3> <sect3 id="printing-printcap"> - <title>Enabling the Spooler: the <filename>/etc/printcap</filename> - File</title> + <title>Enabling the Spooler: the + <filename>/etc/printcap</filename> File</title> + + <para>At this point, your printer should be hooked up, your + kernel configured to communicate with it (if necessary), + and you have been able to send some simple data to the + printer. Now, we are ready to configure + <application>LPD</application> to control access to your + printer.</para> - <para>At this point, your printer should be hooked up, your kernel - configured to communicate with it (if necessary), and you have - been able to send some simple data to the printer. Now, we are - ready to configure <application>LPD</application> to control access - to your printer.</para> - - <para>You configure <application>LPD</application> by editing the file - <filename>/etc/printcap</filename>. The - <application>LPD</application> spooling system - reads this file each time the spooler is used, so updates to the + <para>You configure <application>LPD</application> by editing + the file <filename>/etc/printcap</filename>. The + <application>LPD</application> spooling system reads this + file each time the spooler is used, so updates to the file take immediate effect.</para> <indexterm> <primary>printers</primary> <secondary>capabilities</secondary> </indexterm> - <para>The format of the &man.printcap.5; file is straightforward. - Use your favorite text editor to make changes to - <filename>/etc/printcap</filename>. The format is identical to - other capability files like + <para>The format of the &man.printcap.5; file is + straightforward. Use your favorite text editor to make + changes to <filename>/etc/printcap</filename>. The format + is identical to other capability files like <filename>/usr/share/misc/termcap</filename> and <filename>/etc/remote</filename>. For complete information about the format, see the &man.cgetent.3;.</para> - <para>The simple spooler configuration consists of the following - steps:</para> + <para>The simple spooler configuration consists of the + following steps:</para> <procedure> <step> <para>Pick a name (and a few convenient aliases) for the printer, and put them in the <filename>/etc/printcap</filename> file; see the *** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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