From owner-freebsd-hackers  Mon Nov 27  8:42:44 2000
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Date: Mon, 27 Nov 2000 09:45:07 -0700
From: Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>
Organization: Softweyr LLC
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To: Andrew Otwell <aotwell@iss.net>
Cc: hackers@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: porting Linux application to FreeBSD
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Andrew Otwell wrote:
> 
> source.c
> -------------------------
> #include <stdio.h>
> int main () {
>    printf ("Hello world\n");
> }
> -------------------------
> 
> A couple of you answered my first query which gave me....
> 
> gcc -nostdinc -I/includedir -nostdlib -L/libdir source.c
> 
> This always failed with either....
> 
> ld: No reference to __DYNAMIC
> collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
> 
> or
> 
> /var/tmp/ccdgopIG.o: Undefined symbol `___main' referenced from text segment
> /var/tmp/ccdgopIG.o: Undefined symbol `_printf' referenced from text segment
> /var/tmp/ccdgopIG.o: Undefined symbol `_printf' referenced from text segment
> collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
> 
> Depending on whether I specified lib names (ex. -lnet -lpcap -lgcc, etc....)
> 
> I finally pulled all my hair out and ran
> 
> gcc -nostdinc -I/usr/include -nostdlib -L/usr/lib source.c
> =-= and =-=
> gcc -nostdlib -L/usr/lib source.c
> 
> and again I received.....
> /var/tmp/ccdgopIG.o: Undefined symbol `___main' referenced from text segment
> /var/tmp/ccdgopIG.o: Undefined symbol `_printf' referenced from text segment
> /var/tmp/ccdgopIG.o: Undefined symbol `_printf' referenced from text segment
> collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
> 
> Can anyone assist with this?
> I need to be able to compile and link a "Hello World" program against a
> proprietary
> lib dir for my project but for starters I have to make sure my anomolies are not
> with the "ld" portion of my build.
> 
> Why doesn't "gcc -nostdlib -L/usr/lib source.c" link properly? I even added
> all the .a files with -lnet -lpcap -ledit, so forth.... and it still failed.

Because you told it not to link with the standard libraries.  You will have
to provide a library with a printf function, and a C runtime startup function
with at least the functionality of the standard FreeBSD one.

If you are trying to build a completely static image for an embedded system
or something like that, you might want to install a GCC cross-compiler and
binutils.  See, for instance, in /usr/ports/devel:

	*-rtems-binutils
	*-rtems-gcc

etc.


-- 
            "Where am I, and what am I doing in this handbasket?"

Wes Peters                                                         Softweyr LLC
wes@softweyr.com                                           http://softweyr.com/


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