From owner-freebsd-hackers Thu Jun 18 03:50:19 1998 Return-Path: Received: (from majordom@localhost) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) id DAA06503 for freebsd-hackers-outgoing; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 03:50:19 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from owner-freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG) Received: from zwei (zwei.siemens.at [193.81.246.12]) by hub.freebsd.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id DAA06460 for ; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 03:50:08 -0700 (PDT) (envelope-from lada@pc8811.gud.siemens.at) Received: from pc8811.gud.siemens.at (root@[10.1.140.1]) by zwei with ESMTP id MAA15731; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 12:48:27 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from pc8811.gud.siemens.at (pc8811.gud.siemens.at [195.3.22.159]) by pc8811.gud.siemens.at (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id MAA29890; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 12:48:55 +0200 (CEST) (envelope-from lada@pc8811.gud.siemens.at) Message-ID: X-Mailer: XFMail 1.2 [p0] on FreeBSD X-Priority: 3 (Normal) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <1623.897632922@coconut.itojun.org> Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 12:48:55 +0200 (CEST) Organization: Siemens Austria AG From: Marino Ladavac To: Jun-ichiro itojun Itoh Subject: Re: internationalization Cc: freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG Cc: freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG, Chen Hsiung Chan , Allen Smith Sender: owner-freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk X-Loop: FreeBSD.ORG On 12-Jun-98 Jun-ichiro itojun Itoh wrote: > Wow, this is the point. Phonetic expression (and sound itself) > has ambiguity in Japanese/Chinese/Korean language. If you hear > some sound, you can interpret that in several ways. We resolve > the ambiguity by context in spoken Japanese, and by Kanji letters > in written Japanese. > > For example, Japanese sound, "Hashi", can be translated into > both "bridge" and "chopsticks". There's slight difference > in sound (intonation) which makes those sound distinct. > Also, Japanese sound "Saru" can be translated to "monkey (noun)" and > "leaving from somewhere (verb)". In this case there's no > difference in sound. We make a distinction by context > for spoken Japansese, and by Kanji letters in written Japanese. > > Therefore, if we write "saru" in Kana (phonetic letter), > we cannot figure out what these letters mean. This makes it > really hard for us to read Kana-only teletype, which were > used about 20 years ago. Judging from your English, this is an example definitely known to you: We turned right right there, right? Alphabetical scripts simply requre the reader to grasp the context of the written language, as if it were spoken. This might be not natural to you which shows our respective cultural differences, but the fact that the common written language contains ambiguities is not necessarily crippling for the major part of population. The highly specific fields have developed (out of necessity) their own languages, i.e. jargon. This written ambiguity is not limited to English: here is a Croatian example: Gore gore gore gore. (translation available upon request) Aside: southern Slavonic languages have since mid 19th century been using phonetic script--7 year old kids have absolutely no problem to transcribe any word or sentence they hear. Sadly, the grammar has not been reformed and is so complex that the formal language parsing is almost impossible and even the grown-ups have problems forming correct sentences. /Marino To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-hackers" in the body of the message