From owner-freebsd-questions Mon Dec 10 8:48:16 2001 Delivered-To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Received: from mcqueen.wolfsburg.de (pns.wobline.de [212.68.68.5]) by hub.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6CA7337B416 for ; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 08:48:11 -0800 (PST) Received: from colt.ncptiddische.net (ppp-140.wobline.de [212.68.69.148]) by mcqueen.wolfsburg.de (8.11.3/8.11.3/tw-20010821) with ESMTP id fBAGm8A04358; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:48:08 +0100 Received: from tisys.org (poison.ncptiddische.net [192.168.0.5]) by colt.ncptiddische.net (8.11.6/8.11.6) with ESMTP id fBAGnI000741; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:49:19 +0100 (CET) (envelope-from nils@tisys.org) Received: (from nils@localhost) by tisys.org (8.11.6/8.11.6) id fBAGmFa02176; Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:48:15 +0100 (CET) (envelope-from nils) Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:48:15 +0100 From: Nils Holland To: Magnus B{ckstr|m Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Understaning the files in /stand (a little long, sorry) Message-ID: <20011210174815.B1975@tisys.org> Mail-Followup-To: Magnus B{ckstr|m , freebsd-questions@freebsd.org References: <20011210165503.A290@tisys.org> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline User-Agent: Mutt/1.2.5i In-Reply-To: ; from b@etek.chalmers.se on Mon, Dec 10, 2001 at 05:16:41PM +0100 X-Operating-System: FreeBSD poison.ncptiddische.net 4.4-STABLE FreeBSD 4.4-STABLE X-Machine-Uptime: 5:28PM up 1:12, 1 user, load averages: 0.26, 0.07, 0.02 Sender: owner-freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG Precedence: bulk List-ID: List-Archive: (Web Archive) List-Help: (List Instructions) List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-Loop: FreeBSD.ORG On Mon, Dec 10, 2001 at 05:16:41PM +0100, Magnus B{ckstr|m stood up and spoke: > > I'd appreciate it if someone could give me a few hints on what I have told > > above. Prticularely, I'm interested in the following: > > > > (1) What's up with this (hard link) number in front of the owner name? How > > comes that it is 1 on one of my machines and 31 on teh others. I replcaed > > a hard disk in the "1" machine recently and thus copied everything over to > > a new disk, probably this has to do with the difference. However, is this > > something to worry about? > > Yes, if you copied the files individually (with cp -r) each hard link got > read and copied into an individual file. tar(1) and dump/restore(8) > understand hardlinks, and are thus better tools for copying entire > filesystems. That explains why I had so much less disk space available after the hard disk switch than before. On the old disk there were 31 files taking up the space of one, now the files are separate, taking up 31x as much disk space as before. I guess this is bad. So, any idea how to undo this? I could probably rm -R /stand on the machine and then tar /stand on another and untar it again on the first one. However, is there probably another way? I guess I could leave one file in /stand around and hard link the others to it manually. If this works, is it of any importance which file I keep around? Or can I simply delete everything but one random file in /stand and then re-link the others to the one remaining file? Of course, a suggestion about better method would also be nice ;-) Greetings Nils -- Nils Holland Ti Systems - FreeBSD in Tiddische, Germany http://www.tisys.org * nils@tisys.org To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-questions" in the body of the message