: from mail-yw1-f173.google.com (mail-yw1-f173.google.com. [209.85.128.173]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 00721157ae682-78686e2bd6fsm4618827b3.46.2025.11.03.03.31.54 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 03 Nov 2025 03:31:54 -0800 (PST) Received: by mail-yw1-f173.google.com with SMTP id 00721157ae682-7867497ad2fso12075447b3.0 for ; Mon, 03 Nov 2025 03:31:54 -0800 (PST) X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AJvYcCXvE+juxE/YSLgJdzcd6Y34l58Uoz5LnDiETwm4mlXBzUjbewExbBTCX2TvK37gWds8IvEYejr/hdrBosKVD3I=@freebsd.org X-Received: by 2002:a05:690c:a9c:b0:784:8bcd:4082 with SMTP id 00721157ae682-78639050225mr132541257b3.35.1762169513962; Mon, 03 Nov 2025 03:31:53 -0800 (PST) List-Id: Discussions about the use of FreeBSD-current List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Sender: owner-freebsd-current@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <8B8086D4-C68D-4C8A-86F2-C35212823B94@ketas.si.pri.ee> <73b4a16d-30f3-44b6-8477-aaa8e5aff82a@gmail.com> <20251103181232.3d7c8825415f1d2ad3f08c6e@dec.sakura.ne.jp> In-Reply-To: <20251103181232.3d7c8825415f1d2ad3f08c6e@dec.sakura.ne.jp> From: Tomek CEDRO Date: Mon, 3 Nov 2025 12:31:42 +0100 X-Gmail-Original-Message-ID: X-Gm-Features: AWmQ_blVQkYwvMlbxyw0NqiobIhCytYolPoK50OZ0ptW3YIxrhYl8Swnjo1OxYY Message-ID: Subject: Re: Why is the DVD image so large? To: Tomoaki AOKI Cc: Chris , Lars Tunkrans , Sulev-Madis Silber , freebsd-current@freebsd.org Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Spamd-Bar: ---- X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.00 / 15.00]; REPLY(-4.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US] X-Rspamd-Pre-Result: action=no action; module=replies; Message is reply to one we originated X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4d0TvP4jGkz41X8 On Mon, Nov 3, 2025 at 10:12=E2=80=AFAM Tomoaki AOKI wrote: > Another option (far more difficult, though) would be switching > to Blu-ray disks. > > Why difficutlt? Because it would be strongly expected supports for > newer UDF that BD requires, if official BD image is provided, > even if the media is actually in ISO 9660. And UDF support on FreeBSD > is outdated that cannot mount BD. Hmm I have two 5.25" SATA BD recorders (Pioneer and Asus) using them for backups with BD-R (25GB) and BD-R DL (50GB) and BD-RE DL (50GB rewritable) disks with no problem. Also tested external USB BD recorders work fine but a bit more expensive (looks like Pioneer in Europe is sold by Verbatim?). These are not that expensive and can burn dvd, cd, and mdisk too. Because DVD-RW-DL are hard to find I just bought whole bunch of BD-RE DL and use them in cycles no to waste plastic. For clients with one time use BD-R and BD-R DL are fine and cheaper. I trust Verbatim disks as there are many different types of physical medium just marked BD-R* but burner firmware must support them to write correctly. You just need to create hybrid ISO9660 + UDF (plus -iso-level 3 or 4 if you have single files over 2GB) with mkisofs and then burn the image with cdrecord or just growisofs or k3b or whatever you prefer. Then if you mount it with mount_iso9660 files looks a bit weird, but if you mount_udf all looks fine. But this does not seem the case for FreeBSD installer as it is simple ISO9660 not even UDF nor hybrid :-) I also tend to use mdconfig to mount iso and compare files inside iso with files to backup before burning just to make sure all landed as expected (i.e. sometimes i forget to add -iso-level 3 so big files are gone). Then disk verification with iso can be performed after burning. I found VENTOY [1] extremely helpful because it allows having many ISO files on a single USB drive and choose one from its boot menu, it supports BIOS and UEFI boot, adding boot keys, and other utilities.. so there is no need to have single usb drive per iso anymore just one usb drive with many iso :-) [1] https://www.ventoy.net/ ps/2: What I really miss about UDF implementation in FreeBSD is modern version support with R/W access so we could just use UDF filesystem as standard platform independent disk format (i.e. for pendrive in place of fat32 / vfat /ntfs). But other systems also have this support varying in version support and on the fly write so this is Universal Disk Format only in theory and still mainly used for optical disks :-P --=20 CeDeROM, SQ7MHZ, http://www.tomek.cedro.info