Date: Sat, 3 Oct 2015 00:00:42 +0200 From: Polytropon <freebsd@edvax.de> To: "Chad J. Milios" <milios@ccsys.com> Cc: "William A. Mahaffey III" <wam@hiwaay.net>, FreeBSD Questions !!!! <freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> Subject: Re: Geom question Message-ID: <20151003000042.e821ff13.freebsd@edvax.de> In-Reply-To: <560EF795.6020406@ccsys.com> References: <560EDE45.3040605@hiwaay.net> <3D81C7BC-1A31-4046-88B7-50F25EA3B952@ccsys.com> <560EF0CC.80805@hiwaay.net> <560EF795.6020406@ccsys.com>
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On Fri, 2 Oct 2015 17:31:01 -0400, Chad J. Milios wrote: > On 10/2/2015 5:00 PM, William A. Mahaffey III wrote: > > On 10/02/15 15:31, Chad J. Milios wrote: > >>> On Oct 2, 2015, at 3:41 PM, William A. Mahaffey III <wam@hiwaay.net> > >>> wrote: > >>> > >>> I am prepping to provision 2 boxen w/ FreeBSD 9.3R, preferably from > >>> a thumb drive. I would like to add a 'utils' directory w/ some > >>> scripts I wrote to automate the partitioning/slicing of the HDD's > >>> (2X on 1 box, 8X on the other), & also accumulate output from the > >>> install process in case questions arise. To that end, I am planning > >>> on partitioning/slicing a thumb drive, prepping it to be bootable > >>> following examples on the gpart man page, & copying verbatim stuff > >>> from the memstick.img for 9.3R that I downloaded a while back, as > >>> well as adding my utils directory. Reading up on gpart & geom raises > >>> 1 question: can I do all these preps on a disk image file I create > >>> w/ dd, or do i do them in place on the target memstick, then dd the > >>> results onto an on-disk image for safekeeping ? Put another way, can > >>> a disk image created by dd be a 'geom' for gpart ? TIA & have a good > >>> one. > >>> > >>> -- > >>> > >>> William A. Mahaffey III > >> In a way, yes. `mdconfig -f filename` will make your file accessible > >> as a virtual device. > >> > > > > Thanks for the info. I proceeded w/ trying to setup /dev/md0 as a > > bootable disk image as follows: > > > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:54:31pm] 758 % dd if=/dev/zero > > of=/home/memstick.img count=3699 bs=1m > > 3699+0 records in > > 3699+0 records out > > 3878682624 bytes transferred in 8.324621 secs (465929036 bytes/sec) > FYI, check out `man truncate` next time to save some time/space. Most > file systems support what are known as "sparse" files. That dd command > works just fine for this though. > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:55:23pm] 759 % cat > > ~wam/FreeBSD/9.3/README.createBootableMBR-SD.txt > > > > MBR: Master Boot Record is used on PCs and removable media. > > Requires > > the GEOM_PART_MBR kernel option. The GEOM_PART_EBR option > > adds > > support for the Extended Boot Record (EBR), which is used to > > define a logical partition. The GEOM_PART_EBR_COMPAT option > > enables backward compatibility for partition names in the EBR > > scheme. It also prevents any type of actions on such > > partitions. > > > > Create an MBR scheme on ada0, then create a 30GB-sized FreeBSD > > slice, mark it active and install the boot0 boot manager: > > > > /sbin/gpart create -s MBR ada0 > > /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd -s 30G ada0 > > /sbin/gpart set -a active -i 1 ada0 > > /sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot0 ada0 > > > > Now create a BSD scheme (BSD label) with space for up to 20 > > partitions: > > > > /sbin/gpart create -s BSD -n 20 ada0s1 > > > > Create a 1GB-sized UFS partition and a 4GB-sized swap partition: > > > > /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -s 1G ada0s1 > > /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-swap -s 4G ada0s1 > > > > Install bootstrap code for the BSD label: > > > > /sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot ada0s1 > > > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:55:50pm] 760 % mdconfig -f /home/memstick.img > > md0 > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:56:26pm] 761 % /sbin/gpart create -s MBR md0 > > md0 created > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:58:45pm] 762 % /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd -s > > 3698M md0 > > md0s1 added > If you leave off the -s $SIZE option gpart will simply use up every > available byte for you > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:59:14pm] 763 % /sbin/gpart set -a active -i 1 md0 > > active set on md0s1 > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:59:25pm] 764 % /sbin/gpart bootcode -b > > /boot/boot0 md0 > > bootcode written to md0 > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:59:44pm] 765 % /sbin/gpart create -s BSD md0s1 > > md0s1 created > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 3:59:57pm] 766 % /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-ufs > > md0s1 > > md0s1a added > > [root@kabini1, /etc, DING!] 767 % /sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot > > md0s1 > > bootcode written to md0s1 > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 4:00:25pm] 768 % lltr /dev/md0*; date > > crw-r----- 1 root operator 0xd2 Oct 2 15:56 /dev/md0 > > crw-r----- 1 root operator 0xd5 Oct 2 15:59 /dev/md0s1 > > crw-r----- 1 root operator 0xd6 Oct 2 16:00 /dev/md0s1a > > Fri Oct 2 16:00:44 MCDT 2015 > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 4:00:44pm] 769 % mount /dev/md0s1 /media/sd/ > > mount: /dev/md0s1: Invalid argument > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 4:01:16pm] 770 % mount -t ufs /dev/md0s1 /media/sd/ > > mount: /dev/md0s1: Invalid argument > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 4:01:34pm] 771 % mount -t ufs /dev/md0s1a /media/sd/ > > mount: /dev/md0s1a: Invalid argument > > [root@kabini1, /etc, 4:01:41pm] 772 % > > > > & I appear to be stuck trying to mount the /dev/md0 device so I can > > copy stuff to it :-/. Any clues appreciated. TIA & have a good one. > > you need to `newfs /dev/md0s1a` first before attempting to mount it, as > `gpart add -t freebsd-ufs $GEOM` only marks the meta info in the > outerlying structure (the front few blocks of /dev/md0s1 in your case) > and doesn't actually do what you're expecting. Also consider using GPT instead of MBR for partitioning. The corresponding virtial node would then be /dev/md0p1. See one of my previous messages for examples dealing with md's. > `man newfs` to decide > that you probably want the -U flag with that and might want the -J flag > as well. If you intend to prepare SSDs or USB thumb drives, there are some more options that can be tweaked (-m, -t, -i, maybe -L), as well as mount options when the whole thing is running. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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