Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2007 03:54:00 +0100 From: "Snow Mountains" <snow.mountains.4@gmail.com> To: "=?ISO-8859-2?Q?Nikola_Le=E8i=E6?=" <nikola.lecic@anthesphoria.net> Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Lost FreeBSD slices (labels?) after NetBSD install -- please help!! Message-ID: <3cf9f8920712181854p1b498d8cve22e5bcdc0ad9fc7@mail.gmail.com> In-Reply-To: <20071216165127.64661122@anthesphoria.net> References: <3cf9f8920712132115q341401dbhec96ca1ae3156432@mail.gmail.com> <20071216165127.64661122@anthesphoria.net>
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2007/12/16, Nikola Lečić <nikola.lecic@anthesphoria.net>: > Hello, > > On Fri, 14 Dec 2007 05:15:16 +0000 > "Snow Mountains" <snow.mountains.4@gmail.com> wrote: > > > People, I have FreeBSD install on 80G disk that looked like this: > > > > ad1s1 ~ 2.4G > > ad1s2 ~23.0G > > ad1s3 ~19.1G > > ad1s4 ~38.0G, FreeBSD partition, sliced like this: > ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ > (a note: the correct terminology is actually the opposite: > these a...e are "partitions", real BSD partitions. > What is called "partition" in non-BSD world is a slice here; > so: "FreeBSD slice, (BSD-)partitioned/labelled like this...") > > > ------------------------ > > ad1s4a / (507630 1K-blocks) > > ad1s4b swap > > ad1s4d /var > > ad1s4e /tmp > > ad1s4f /usr > > > [...] > > However, FreeBSD is now unbootable!!! Then I loaded FreeSBIE (FreeBSD > > 6.2 live CD), tried 'boot0cfg -B /dev/ad1' (also with '-d 0x80'), but > > no help! Then I realized that ad1s4 slices are lost. This means: > > > > A) from FreeSBIE, there is only /dev/ad1s4, no a,b,d,e,f. If I do > > this: FreeSBIE# mount /dev/ad1s4 /mnt/ufs.4 > > this is former / (ad1s4a) and is of its size (~507M). > > This probably means that you unwillingly changed FreeBSD label of ad1s4 > and it's most likely that NetBSD wrote its own instead. However, from > the bsdlabel(8) manpage: > > The various BSDs all use slightly different versions of BSD labels > and are not generally compatible. > > So, NetBSD didn't recognise FreeBSD's labels and understood entire > ad1s4 as one partition; however, ad1s4's reality is that it begins with > small / (lost ad1s4a) and that is what you see; the rest is just > ignored. > > boot0cfg did nothing because NetBSD obviously deleted ad1s4 FreeBSD's > bootstrap code as well. > > > I can't reach other slices! However, it gives me hope that NetBSD's > > slices are also invisible, although working from within itself: > > FreeSBIE# mount /dev/ad1s1 /mnt/ufs.1 > > gives also small NetBSD's / (its wd0a), not /usr etc. > > The same reason as above. > > > [...] > > Please help me to recover my FreeBSD system. If I lost my data (ok, I > > understand they are buried, not erased), please tell me that gently. > > :-( > > That's why I think that you haven't lost any data. You must however > re-create bsdlabel table on ad1s4. Since you didn't mention that you > have a backup of bsdlabel (do you? :-)), you must recover it. > > There are two small utilities designed for this purpose, dlfind and > ffsrescue: > > http://www.42.org/~sec/resources/disklabel.html > http://www.leidinger.net/FreeBSD/ffsrescue.tar.gz > > but they don't recognise UFS2 beginning marks (only UFS1 ones). > However, I tested sysutils/testdisk and it recognised UFS2 labels on my > healthy slices perfectly, so there is no reason that it can't help > you, since it simply analyses slice contents. This utility is not part > of FreeSBIE, but I think that you can just download > > ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/sysutils/testdisk-6.3.tbz > > Then untar it in ~freesbie and run the binary. Just do this: > > ./testdisk /dev/ad1s4 > > and choose "non partitioned" in the second menu. Please note that > testdisk will not recognise your swap. Then please try to compare > results (given in 512k-blocks) to what you remember about partition > sizes. If it gives you reasonable proportions, then re-creating a > bsdlabel shouldn't be a big problem. > > So please take these actions and if the aforementioned assumptions are > correct and you obtain some useful info, we shall continue. :-) Hello and thanks veeeery much for this response and because you pointed me to right direction - what to read! It took me some time to run this and to understand always what I am doing, but it seems to work! testdisk gives me sizes that 100% correspond with _partition_ (:)) proportions I remember (and some nonsenses about tiny FAT partition somewhere...). dlfind homepage was incredibly useful for me as newbie in creating BSD partition labels, and I created bsdlabel file, carefully calculated offsets, I am happy that former ad1s4a is mountable so that I can read /etc/fstab! However I have several questions just to be 100% sure. a. swap size: by an accident, I have written swapsize (from swapinfo) of 1024 1kb blocks; it is slightly different from what I get when I subtract all partition size from total slice's size (as testdisk reported). What I should trust? b. Do I need just bsdlabel -R -e? Is it safe to experiment? c. What to write as fsize, bsize and bps/cpg? It is completly confusing for me, bps/cpg explanation from bsdlabel man page is unclear to me, I see that some people use all zeros and I can not find a clue in various examples... Again, many thanks!
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