Date: Tue, 6 May 2014 14:18:28 +0000 (UTC) From: Dru Lavigne <dru@FreeBSD.org> To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r44770 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config Message-ID: <201405061418.s46EISgd036096@svn.freebsd.org>
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Author: dru Date: Tue May 6 14:18:28 2014 New Revision: 44770 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/44770 Log: Editorial review of Swap Space section. This really belongs in the Storage chapter and should have a reference for ZFS swap. Sponsored by: iXsystems Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml ============================================================================== --- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml Tue May 6 13:38:06 2014 (r44769) +++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml Tue May 6 14:18:28 2014 (r44770) @@ -2703,9 +2703,9 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen> <sect1 xml:id="adding-swap-space"> <title>Adding Swap Space</title> - <para>Sometimes a system requires more swap space. There are - three ways to increase swap space: add a new hard drive, - enable swap over <literal>NFS</literal>, or create a swap file + <para>Sometimes a system requires more swap space. This section + describes two methods to increase swap space: adding swap to an + existing partition or new hard drive, and creating a swap file on an existing partition.</para> <para>For information on how to encrypt swap space, which options @@ -2713,16 +2713,16 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen> <xref linkend="swap-encrypting"/>.</para> <sect2 xml:id="new-drive-swap"> - <title>Swap on a New or Existing Hard Drive</title> + <title>Swap on a New Hard Drive or Existing Partition</title> <para>Adding a new hard drive for swap gives better performance - than adding a partition on an existing drive. Setting up + than using a partition on an existing drive. Setting up partitions and hard drives is explained in <xref linkend="disks-adding"/> while <xref linkend="configtuning-initial"/> discusses partition layouts and swap partition size considerations.</para> - <para>Use &man.swapon.8; to add a swap partition to the system. + <para>Use <command>swapon</command> to add a swap partition to the system. For example:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>swapon <replaceable>/dev/ada1s1b</replaceable></userinput></screen> @@ -2730,10 +2730,10 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen> <warning> <para>It is possible to use any partition not currently mounted, even if it already contains data. Using - &man.swapon.8; on a partition that contains data will + <command>swapon</command> on a partition that contains data will overwrite and destroy that data. Make sure that the partition to be added as swap is really the intended - partition before running &man.swapon.8;.</para> + partition before running <command>swapon</command>.</para> </warning> <para>To automatically add this swap partition on boot, add an @@ -2742,34 +2742,26 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen> <programlisting><replaceable>/dev/ada1s1b</replaceable> none swap sw 0 0</programlisting> <para>See &man.fstab.5; for an explanation of the entries in - <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>.</para> - </sect2> - - <sect2 xml:id="nfs-swap"> - <title>Swapping over <literal>NFS</literal></title> - - <para>Swapping over <literal>NFS</literal> is only recommended - when there is no local hard disk to swap to. - <literal>NFS</literal> swapping will be limited by the - available network bandwidth and puts an additional burden - on &man.nfsd.8;.</para> + <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. More information about + <command>swapon</command> can be found in + &man.swapon.8;.</para> </sect2> <sect2 xml:id="create-swapfile"> - <title>Swapfiles</title> + <title>Creating a Swap File</title> - <para>To create a swap file, specify its size. The following + <para>To instead create a swap file, specify its size. The following example creates a 64MB file named <filename>/usr/swap0</filename>.</para> <example> - <title>Creating a Swapfile on &os;</title> + <title>Creating a Swap File on &os;</title> <orderedlist> <listitem> <para>The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel already - includes the memory disk driver (&man.md.4;) required - for this operation. When building a custom kernel, + includes the required memory disk driver. + When building a custom kernel, make sure to include the following line in the custom configuration file:</para> @@ -2780,31 +2772,33 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>First, create the swapfile + <para>Create the swap file, <filename>/usr/swap0</filename>:</para> - <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64</userinput></screen> + <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=<replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable> bs=1024k count=<replaceable>64</replaceable></userinput></screen> </listitem> <listitem> <para>Then, set proper permissions on <filename>/usr/swap0</filename>:</para> - <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>chmod 0600 /usr/swap0</userinput></screen> + <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>chmod 0600 <replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable></userinput></screen> </listitem> <listitem> <para>Enable the swap file in <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para> - <programlisting>swapfile="/usr/swap0" # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired.</programlisting> + <programlisting>swapfile="<replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable>" # Set to name of swap file</programlisting> </listitem> <listitem> - <para>Reboot the machine or, to enable the swap file - immediately, type:</para> + <para>To enable the swap file + immediately, specify a free memory device. Refer to + <xref linkend="disks-virtual"/> for more information + about memory devices.</para> - <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /usr/swap0 -u 0 && swapon /dev/md0</userinput></screen> + <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mdconfig -a -t vnode -f <replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable> -u <replaceable>0</replaceable> && swapon /dev/md<replaceable>0</replaceable></userinput></screen> </listitem> </orderedlist> </example>
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