Date: Mon, 10 Apr 2006 11:35:24 -0400 (EDT) From: Peter <petermatulis@yahoo.ca> To: Jerry McAllister <jerrymc@clunix.cl.msu.edu> Cc: freebsd-questions <freebsd-questions@freebsd.org> Subject: Re: seeking help on "adding a disk" Message-ID: <20060410153524.25115.qmail@web60024.mail.yahoo.com> In-Reply-To: <200604101417.k3AEHY3S015943@clunix.cl.msu.edu>
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--- Jerry McAllister <jerrymc@clunix.cl.msu.edu> wrote:
> >
> > Hi everyone. I am having trouble adding a IDE 300 GB Maxtor to my
> 6.0
> > system. It is recognized as ad2. Here is dmesg:
> >
> > ad0: 39205MB <Maxtor 6K040L0 NAR61HA0> at ata0-master UDMA133
> > ad1: 190782MB <Seagate ST3200826A 3.03> at ata0-slave UDMA100
> > ad2: 286188MB <Maxtor 6L300R0 BAJ41G20> at ata1-master UDMA133
> >
> > I want to devote the entire disk to FreeBSD and use a single slice
> and
> > partition and mount it on directory /images.
> >
> > This is what happened:
> >
> > # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad2 bs=1k count=64
> > 64+0 records in
> > 64+0 records out
> > 65536 bytes transferred in 0.005377 secs (12188086 bytes/sec)
> >
> > # fdisk -B -I /dev/ad2
> > ******* Working on device /dev/ad2 *******
> > fdisk: invalid fdisk partition table found
> > fdisk: Geom not found
> >
> > # bsdlabel -w -B /dev/ad2s1
> >
> > # fdisk ad2
> > ******* Working on device /dev/ad2 *******
> > parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:
> > cylinders=581463 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl)
> >
> > Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1
> > parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:
> > cylinders=581463 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl)
> >
> > Media sector size is 512
> > Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1
> > Information from DOS bootblock is:
> > The data for partition 1 is:
> > sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD)
> > start 63, size 586114641 (286188 Meg), flag 80 (active)
> > beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1;
> > end: cyl 854/ head 15/ sector 63
> > The data for partition 2 is:
> > <UNUSED>
> > The data for partition 3 is:
> > <UNUSED>
> > The data for partition 4 is:
> > <UNUSED>
> >
> > # bsdlabel ad2s1
> > # /dev/ad2s1:
> > 8 partitions:
> > # size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
> > a: 586114625 16 unused 0 0
> > c: 586114641 0 unused 0 0 # "raw"
> part,
> > don't edit
> >
> >
> > Now shouldn't I have some values in the first (a:) row?
> >
> > Anyway, when I try to create a filesystem with newfs I get an
> error:
> >
> > # newfs /dev/ad2s1a
> > ..., 450493504, 450869856, 451246208,newfs: wtfs: 65536 bytes at
> sector
> > 451622560: Input/output error
> >
> > Now please let me know if my method is sound. I feel the drive
> size is
> > not being properly recognized and that
> > the last command is trying to write past the edge of the disk. I
> would
> > also like to not be using s1a but s1e instead.
> >
> > Furthermore, the docs [1] for this drive say that an 80-wire cable
> is
> > required. I didn't have one handy so I had to
> > use a 40-wire cable. Could this be causing the trouble?
> >
> > Thanks for any insights (I have a hell of a time working with disks
> on
> > FreeBSD).
>
> It looks like things worked up to the bsdlabel which didn't do
> anything.
> Namely, after doing the fdisk, even though you saw some errors,
> you seem to have gotten a single slice with everything in it just
> as you wanted.
>
> > The data for partition 1 is:
> > sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD)
> > start 63, size 586114641 (286188 Meg), flag 80 (active)
> > beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1;
> > end: cyl 854/ head 15/ sector 63
> > The data for partition 2 is:
>
> I usually do fdisk -BI -v -b /boot/mbr ad2
> but, I believe the -b /boot/mbr is default with you use -B
> and I think it will take /dev/ad2 as well as just ad2. Actually I
> am usually working on SCSI drives so it is da2, etc, but that
> shouldn't
> be any different.
>
> To answer your question on that, It looks like the data in the
> bsdlabel read you did is probably correct. It shows values for size
and
> offset although the offset seems weird. I would expect it to be 0.
Maybe
> that is because you didn't do the first bsdlabel step.
Which first step?
> For the disklabel you need two steps - noting that you were writing
> the label to make it bootable, you need:
>
> bsdlabel -w -B ad2s1 auto
> and then
> bsdlabel -e ad2s1
>
> The first step (which you appear to have skipped) makes the base
> label on the slice and the second edits it to be the way you want.
I cannot find the 'auto' option in the bsdlabel man page.
Also, I do not need the drive to be bootable. I redid the procedure
like this:
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad2 bs=1k count=64
# fdisk -I ad2 { same "error" msg as before }
# bsdlabel -w ad2s1
# bsdlabel -e ad2s1
------------------------
# /dev/ad2s1:
8 partitions:
# size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
e: 586114625 16 unused 2048 16384 89
c: 586114641 0 unused 0 0 # "raw" part,
don't edit
------------------------
# newfs -U /dev/ad2s1e
> > e: * * 4.2BSD 2048 16384 89
>
> You may actually want bigger fsize, bsize and some different bps/cpg
> I sometimes set bps/cpg to 64 on larger disks and 16 on smaller, but
> I usually let it do whatever bps/cpg that it wants, but often specify
> the fsize and bsize. bsize should be 8X fsize.
How do you explain this on another (5.4) system of mine:
# bsdlabel ad0s3
# /dev/ad0s3:
8 partitions:
# size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
a: 524288 0 4.2BSD 0 0 0
b: 4142736 524288 swap
c: 24900750 0 unused 0 0 # "raw" part,
don't edit
d: 524288 4667024 4.2BSD 0 0 0
e: 524288 5191312 4.2BSD 0 0 0
f: 19185150 5715600 4.2BSD 0 0 0
> The newfs should then work after the bsdlabel is fixed up.
Nope. Same error. Retries of newfs causes crashes at random sectors.
I am guessing that the 40-wire cable is causing poor signaling. I also
tried changing the offset of 'e' to 0 and modifying the 'size' so that
it matches 'c'.
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