Date: Thu, 01 Oct 1998 09:32:59 +0200 From: "Juan L. Freniche" <jlfreniche@acm.org> To: FreeBSD Net <freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG> Subject: Invalid ACKs in SYN-SENT and T/TCP Message-ID: <3613302B.449D@acm.org>
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Recently I sent this message to freebsd-net and got no response. May be
that the message never arrived so I try again:
We have two FreeBSD 2.2.7 boxes connected through Ethernet, both with
T/TCP enabled. We have noted the following behaviour:
1 Assume A started several normal TCP connections to B. Client
connections in A use local ports selected in the command line
when the client is launched. After a while, leave only one such
connection in Established.
2 Unplug the Ethernet cable from Box A and reboot Box A.
Reason to unplug is to avoid that the RSTs sent by A reach the
connection in B.
3 Launch again several connections from A to B, but using a different
local port than the old still-established socket in B. Finish them
now normally.
The reason of the above is to build, in A, a TAO cache for B.
4 Launch a connection from A to B but using the same local port than
the old still-established socket in B. If tcpdump is used for
tracing, we will see:
- A sends a SYN to B. This new connection is in SYN-SENT in A.
- B responds with an ACK, probabilistic invalid because it is the
old still-established socket who is responding.
- A does not respond with a RST, instead the SYN is retransmitted
after the retransmission timeout.
- B again responds with an ACK, invalid.
- and so on, until the SYN retransmissions are exhausted.
RFC 793 (TCP) states in page 66 that a RST must be send if an invalid
ACK is received in SYN-SENT (as the received ACK has not the RST bit).
Instead, A is ignoring such invalid ACKs, and then retransmitting the
SYN.
Nothing is said about this in the T/TCP RFCs 1379 and 1644 (at least,
I could'nt find this case).
I consulted the Stevens book, vol 3, the figure that is identical to
the source code (file /usr/src/sys/netinet/tcp_input.c):
case TCPS_SYN_SENT:
if ((taop = tcp_gettaocache(inp)) == NULL) {
taop = &tao_noncached;
bzero(taop, sizeof(*taop));
}
if ((tiflags & TH_ACK) &&
(SEQ_LEQ(ti->ti_ack, tp->iss) ||
SEQ_GT(ti->ti_ack, tp->snd_max))) {
/*
* If we have a cached CCsent for the remote host,
* hence we haven't just crashed and restarted,
* do not send a RST. This may be a retransmission
* from the other side after our earlier ACK was lost.
* Our new SYN, when it arrives, will serve as the
* needed ACK.
*/
if (taop->tao_ccsent != 0)
goto drop;
else
goto dropwithreset;
This explain why A didn't sent RSTs when receiving invalid ACKs:
A has a valid TAO cache for B, so the invalid ACK is ignored.
My question is: is this behaviour what it was intended? The comment in
the code covers one case, but aborting connections and loosing its RST
is not so unlikely. Should A come back to RFC 793?
--
Juan L. Freniche
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