Date: Mon, 16 Jan 2017 19:16:59 -0800 From: David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Second attempt at FreeBSD-11.0-RELEASE-i386, Xorg, and Xfce graphical desktop Message-ID: <18a5de5c-bc3a-c2e8-32c1-ea0a12d446ac@holgerdanske.com>
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freebsd-questions: I currently use Debian 7 (Wheezy) with Xfce for a graphical desktop on my home LAN, but Wheezy is no longer fully supported (security updates only) and things are starting to break. Debian 8 is not appealing. I am looking for a successor. BSD appeals to my desire for "programming systems product" -- my FOSS usage has been largely based on "monkey see, monkey do"; I want to understand, without having to crawl the source code: https://www.pearsonhighered.com/program/Mc-Kusick-Design-and-Implementation-of-the-Free-BSD-Operating-System-The-2nd-Edition/PGM224032.html https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/ https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/ https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi https://www.michaelwlucas.com/os/af2e (needs updating) Therefore, I have been evaluating various BSD distributions over the past several weeks using a computer with an Intel DQ67SW motherboard, i7-2600S CPU, 8 GB RAM, and 16 GB SATA SSD: 1. FreeBSD requires assembling the pieces. 2. PC-BSD is obsolete. 3. TrueOS Desktop is the successor of PC-BSD. Lumina was interesting, but IPv4 was broken OOTB. Attempts to fix it revealed that the project is still unstable. 4. GhostBSD looks polished, but crashes as soon as I try to use it. So, I am making a second attempt at FreeBSD using: FreeBSD-11.0-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img The console and SSH worked as expected. I integrated the computer into my LAN, updated, installed a few packages, set up toor, set up my user account, etc.: dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ freebsd-version 11.0-RELEASE-p7 dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ uname -a FreeBSD freebsd 11.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 11.0-RELEASE-p1 #0 r306420: Thu Sep 29 03:40:55 UTC 2016 root@releng2.nyi.freebsd.org:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC i386 I then installed Xorg per the FreeBSD Manual section 5.3: https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-install.html During installation, the following was displayed: Make sure that the freetype module is loaded. If it is not, add the following line to the "Modules" section of your X Windows configuration file: Load "freetype" Add the following line to the "Files" section of X Windows configuration file: FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/dejavu/" Note: your X Windows configuration file is typically /etc/X11/XF86Config if you are using XFree86, and /etc/X11/xorg.conf if you are using X.Org. I then configured Xorg per the instructions above and per manual section 5.4: https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-config.html dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ grep wheel /etc/group wheel:*:0:root,freebsd,dpchrist dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ grep vt /boot/loader.conf kern.vty=vt dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ cat /usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "X.org Configured" Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0 InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" EndSection Section "Files" ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/misc/" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/TTF/" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/OTF/" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/Type1/" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/100dpi/" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/75dpi/" FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/dejavu/" EndSection Section "Module" Load "glx" Load "freetype" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Monitor Vendor" ModelName "Monitor Model" EndSection Section "Device" ### Available Driver options are:- ### Values: <i>: integer, <f>: float, <bool>: "True"/"False", ### <string>: "String", <freq>: "<f> Hz/kHz/MHz", ### <percent>: "<f>%" ### [arg]: arg optional #Option "NoAccel" # [<bool>] #Option "AccelMethod" # <str> #Option "Backlight" # <str> #Option "DRI" # <str> #Option "ColorKey" # <i> #Option "VideoKey" # <i> #Option "Tiling" # [<bool>] #Option "LinearFramebuffer" # [<bool>] #Option "SwapbuffersWait" # [<bool>] #Option "TripleBuffer" # [<bool>] #Option "XvPreferOverlay" # [<bool>] #Option "HotPlug" # [<bool>] #Option "ReprobeOutputs" # [<bool>] #Option "XvMC" # [<bool>] #Option "ZaphodHeads" # <str> #Option "TearFree" # [<bool>] #Option "PerCrtcPixmaps" # [<bool>] #Option "FallbackDebug" # [<bool>] #Option "DebugFlushBatches" # [<bool>] #Option "DebugFlushCaches" # [<bool>] #Option "DebugWait" # [<bool>] #Option "BufferCache" # [<bool>] Identifier "Card0" Driver "intel" BusID "PCI:0:2:0" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Card0" Monitor "Monitor0" SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 1 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 4 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 8 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 15 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 16 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Running 'startx' at this point launched TWM, which seemed to work at a basic level (I am not a TWM user). (I could find no way to stop TWM -- clicking on the desktop and selecting the Exit item caused all the windows to go goofy, but still left TWM running. More poking, RTFM, STFW, etc., failed to produce a solution. I got lucky and tried typing 'exit' into all the terminal windows. Typing 'exit' into 'login' terminal window causes TWM to exit.) I skipped manual sections 5.5 (fonts) and 5.6 (xdm). (During my previous evaluation, I could find no way to exit XDM. Someone suggested pushing the power button. STFW I found a guy who wrote Tcl/Tk code for shutdown and restart buttons -- too much work.) I then installed Xfce per manual section 5.7: https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11-wm.html Upon installation, the following was displayed: To be able to shutdown or reboot your system, you'll have to add .rules files in /usr/local/etc/polkit-1/rules.d directory. Which looks like this (replace PUTYOURGROUPHERE by your group): polkit.addRule(function (action, subject) { if ((action.id == "org.freedesktop.consolekit.system.restart" || action.id == "org.freedesktop.consolekit.system.stop") && subject.isInGroup("PUTYOURGROUPHERE")) { return polkit.Result.YES; } }); For those who have working suspend/resume: polkit.addRule(function (action, subject) { if (action.id == "org.freedesktop.consolekit.system.suspend" && subject.isInGroup("PUTYOURGROUPHERE")) { return polkit.Result.YES; } }); I added the suggested file, using my login group: toor@freebsd:/root # cat /usr/local/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/60-restart-stop.rules polkit.addRule(function (action, subject) { if (action.id == "org.freedesktop.consolekit.system.suspend" && subject.isInGroup("dpchrist")) { return polkit.Result.YES; } }); I created the Xorg resource script per the manual: dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ cat .xinitrc exec /usr/local/bin/startxfce4 --with-ck-launch startx now launches Xfce, which seems to mostly work: 1. Application Menu -> Log Out dialog Shut Down and Restart options are grayed out. I would like to get the Shut Down and Restart capabilities working in Xfce. On my previous attempt, someone suggested that I need to use a specific group (operator?). I would prefer to use or create a group specifically for X users (xusers?). 2. Upon log out, I see a fair amount of text on the console; some of which implies issues: dpchrist@freebsd:/usr/home/dpchrist $ cat startx.script Script started on Mon Jan 16 17:16:59 2017 Command: startx xauth: file /home/dpchrist/.serverauth.786 does not exist X.Org X Server 1.17.4 Release Date: 2015-10-28 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: FreeBSD 11.0-RELEASE-p7 i386 Current Operating System: FreeBSD freebsd 11.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 11.0-RELEASE-p1 #0 r306420: Thu Sep 29 03:40:55 UTC 2016 root@releng2.nyi.freebsd.org:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC i386 Build Date: 12 January 2017 06:45:48AM Current version of pixman: 0.34.0 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Mon Jan 16 17:16:59 2017 (==) Using config file: "/usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf" /usr/local/bin/startxfce4: X server already running on display :0 xfce4-session: No GPG agent found (xfsettingsd:823): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: remote volume monitor with dbus name org.gtk.vfs.HalVolumeMonitor is not supported DBG[workspaces.c:456] xfce_workspaces_helper_wait_for_window_manager_destroyed(): found window manager after 1 tries (xfce4-panel:821): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: remote volume monitor with dbus name org.gtk.vfs.HalVolumeMonitor is not supported (xfdesktop:825): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: remote volume monitor with dbus name org.gtk.vfs.HalVolumeMonitor is not supported (xfdesktop:825): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: remote volume monitor with dbus name org.gtk.vfs.GPhoto2VolumeMonitor is not supported (xfce4-session:809): GLib-WARNING **: GError set over the top of a previous GError or uninitialized memory. This indicates a bug in someone's code. You must ensure an error is NULL before it's set. The overwriting error message was: Failed to connect to socket /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket: No such file or directory (xfce4-session:809): Gtk-CRITICAL **: IA__gtk_widget_set_visible: assertion 'GTK_IS_WIDGET (widget)' failed (xfce4-session:809): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_object_unref: assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed xinit: connection to X server lost waiting for X server to shut down (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file. Command exit status: 0 Script done on Mon Jan 16 17:17:12 2017 I would also like to understand and fix the various warnings and errors displayed on the console. Please advise. Citations/ references would be appreciated. TIA, David
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