Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 11:21:46 -0500 From: Leonard Zettel <zettel@acm.org> To: freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org Subject: Handbook section 10.3 Message-ID: <3AC3611A.F91EAAB0@acm.org>
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Based on some recent experience I had as a complete newbie trying to get freeBSD up and running, I am submitting the attached as a suggested revision to FreeBSD Handbook 10.3 Disk naming. Having the added information would have saved me a bit of heartburn. Feel free to regard this as a newbie suggestion, to be accepted, rejected, modified as you see fit.
-LenZ-
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<div class="SECT1">
<h1 class="SECT1"><a name="DISKS-NAMING">10.3. Disk
Naming</a></h1>
<p>Physical drives come in two main flavors, <span class=
"ACRONYM">IDE</span>, or <span class="ACRONYM">SCSI</span>;
but there are also drives backed by RAID controllers, flash
memory, and so forth. Since these behave quite differently,
they have their own drivers and devices.</p>
<div class="TABLE">
<a name="DISK-NAMING-PHYSICAL-TABLE"></a>
<p><b>Table 10-1. Physical Disk Naming Conventions</b></p>
<table border="1" class="CALSTABLE">
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="LEFT" valign="TOP">Drive type</th>
<th align="LEFT" valign="TOP">Drive device name</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">IDE hard drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">ad in 4.0-RELEASE, </tt>ad0 is the master drive of the first controller. ad1 is the slave
of the first controller. ad2 is the master of the second controller, ad3 the slave.
<tt class=
"LITERAL">wd</tt> before 4.0-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">IDE CDROM drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">acd</tt> from 3.1-RELEASE, <tt class=
"LITERAL">wcd</tt> before 4.0-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">SCSI hard drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">da</tt> from 3.0-RELEASE, <tt class=
"LITERAL">sd</tt> before 3.0-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">SCSI CDROM drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">cd</tt></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">Assorted non-standard
CDROM drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">mcd</tt> for Mitsumi CD-ROM, <tt class=
"LITERAL">scd</tt> for Sony CD-ROM, <tt class=
"LITERAL">matcd</tt> for Matsushita/Panasonic
CD-ROM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">Floppy drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">fd</tt></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">SCSI tape drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">sa</tt> from 3.0-RELEASE, <tt class=
"LITERAL">st</tt> before 3.0-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">IDE tape drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">ast</tt> from 4.0-RELEASE, <tt class=
"LITERAL">wst</tt> before 4.0-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">Flash drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">fla</tt> for DiskOnChip Flash device from
3.3-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP">RAID drives</td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"><tt class=
"LITERAL">myxd</tt> for Mylex, and <tt class=
"LITERAL">amrd</tt> for AMI MegaRAID, <tt class=
"LITERAL">idad</tt> for Compaq Smart RAID. from
4.0-RELEASE. <tt class="LITERAL">id</tt> between
3.2-RELEASE and 4.0-RELEASE.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a name="AEN6603">10.3.1. Slices and
Partitions</a></h2>
<p>Physical disks usually contain <i class=
"FIRSTTERM">slices</i>, unless they are ``dangerously
dedicated''. Slice numbers follow the device name, prefixed
with an <tt class="LITERAL">s</tt>: ``da0<i class=
"EMPHASIS">s1</i>''.</p>
<p>Slices, ``dangerously dedicated'' physical drives, and
other drives contain <i class="FIRSTTERM">partitions</i>,
which represented as letters from <tt class=
"LITERAL">a</tt> to <tt class="LITERAL">h</tt>. <tt class=
"LITERAL">b</tt> is reserved for swap partitions, and <tt
class="LITERAL">c</tt> is an unused partition the size of
the entire slice or drive. This is explained in <a href=
"disks-adding.html">Section 10.5</a>>.</p>
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<p align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the
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