Date: Mon, 20 Jan 2014 22:35:38 +0000 (UTC) From: Warren Block <wblock@FreeBSD.org> To: doc-committers@freebsd.org, svn-doc-all@freebsd.org, svn-doc-head@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r43599 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction Message-ID: <201401202235.s0KMZciN020395@svn.freebsd.org>
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Author: wblock Date: Mon Jan 20 22:35:37 2014 New Revision: 43599 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/43599 Log: Whitespace-only fixes, translators please ignore. Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml ============================================================================== --- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Mon Jan 20 22:33:46 2014 (r43598) +++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.xml Mon Jan 20 22:35:37 2014 (r43599) @@ -4,16 +4,25 @@ $FreeBSD$ --> -<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:id="introduction"> - <info><title>Introduction</title> +<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" + xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" + xml:id="introduction"> + + <info> + <title>Introduction</title> + <authorgroup> - <author><personname><firstname>Jim</firstname><surname>Mock</surname></personname><contrib>Restructured, reorganized, and parts - rewritten by </contrib></author> + <author> + <personname> + <firstname>Jim</firstname> + <surname>Mock</surname> + </personname> + <contrib>Restructured, reorganized, and parts rewritten + by </contrib> + </author> </authorgroup> </info> - - <sect1 xml:id="introduction-synopsis"> <title>Synopsis</title> @@ -54,15 +63,15 @@ <indexterm><primary>4.4BSD-Lite</primary></indexterm> - <para>&os; is a 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system for - Intel (x86 and &itanium;), AMD64, Sun - &ultrasparc; computers. Ports to other - architectures are also underway. You can also - read about <link linkend="history">the history of &os;</link>, - or the <link linkend="relnotes">current release</link>. If you - are interested in contributing something to the Project (code, - hardware, funding), see the <link xlink:href="&url.articles.contributing;/index.html">Contributing to - &os;</link> article.</para> + <para>&os; is a 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system for Intel (x86 + and &itanium;), AMD64, Sun &ultrasparc; computers. Ports to + other architectures are also underway. You can also read about + <link linkend="history">the history of &os;</link>, or the + <link linkend="relnotes">current release</link>. If you are + interested in contributing something to the Project (code, + hardware, funding), see the <link + xlink:href="&url.articles.contributing;/index.html">Contributing + to &os;</link> article.</para> <sect2 xml:id="os-overview"> <title>What Can &os; Do?</title> @@ -72,8 +81,8 @@ <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para><emphasis>Preemptive - multitasking</emphasis><indexterm> + <para><emphasis>Preemptive multitasking</emphasis> + <indexterm> <primary>preemptive multitasking</primary> </indexterm> with dynamic priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair sharing of the computer between @@ -116,11 +125,12 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para>The industry standard <emphasis>X Window - System</emphasis><indexterm> - <primary>X Window System</primary> - </indexterm> (X11R7) can provide a graphical user interface - (GUI) on any machine and comes with full sources.</para> + <para>The industry standard + <emphasis>X Window System</emphasis><indexterm> + <primary>X Window System</primary> + </indexterm> (X11R7) can provide a graphical user + interface (GUI) on any machine and comes with full + sources.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -350,10 +360,12 @@ <primary>embedded</primary> </indexterm> With support for the &arm;, &mips; and &powerpc; - platforms, coupled with a robust network stack, - cutting edge features and the permissive <link xlink:href="&url.books.faq;/introduction.html#bsd-license-restrictions">BSD license</link> - &os; makes an excellent foundation for building - embedded routers, firewalls, and other devices.</para> + platforms, coupled with a robust network stack, cutting + edge features and the permissive <link + xlink:href="&url.books.faq;/introduction.html#bsd-license-restrictions">BSD + license</link> &os; makes an excellent foundation for + building embedded routers, firewalls, and other + devices.</para> </listitem> <listitem> @@ -393,7 +405,8 @@ </itemizedlist> <para>&os; is available to download free of charge, or can be - obtained on either CD-ROM or DVD. Please see <xref linkend="mirrors"/> for more information about obtaining + obtained on either CD-ROM or DVD. Please see + <xref linkend="mirrors"/> for more information about obtaining &os;.</para> </sect2> @@ -413,50 +426,63 @@ <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</link><indexterm> - <primary>Apache</primary></indexterm> - The Apache - Software Foundation runs most of its public facing - infrastructure, including possibly one of the largest SVN - repositories in the world with over 1.4 million commits, - on &os;.</para> + + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Apache</primary> + </indexterm> - The Apache Software Foundation runs most of + its public facing infrastructure, including possibly one + of the largest SVN repositories in the world with over 1.4 + million commits, on &os;.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple</link><indexterm> - <primary>Apple</primary></indexterm> - OS X borrows - heavily from &os; for the network stack, virtual file - system, and many userland components. Apple iOS also - contains elements borrowed from &os;.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Apple</primary> + </indexterm> - OS X borrows heavily from &os; for the + network stack, virtual file system, and many userland + components. Apple iOS also contains elements borrowed + from &os;.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.cisco.com/">Cisco</link><indexterm> - <primary>Cisco</primary></indexterm> - IronPort network - security and anti-spam appliances run a modified &os; - kernel.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.cisco.com/">Cisco</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Cisco</primary> + </indexterm> - IronPort network security and anti-spam + appliances run a modified &os; kernel.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.citrix.com/">Citrix</link><indexterm> - <primary>Citrix</primary></indexterm> - The NetScaler - line of security appliances provide layer 4-7 load - balancing, content caching, application firewall, secure - VPN, and mobile cloud network access, along with the power - of a &os; shell.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.citrix.com/">Citrix</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Citrix</primary> + </indexterm> - The NetScaler line of security appliances + provide layer 4-7 load balancing, content caching, + application firewall, secure VPN, and mobile cloud network + access, along with the power of a &os; shell.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link xlink:href="http://www.dell.com/KACE">Dell - KACE</link><indexterm><primary>Dell - KACE</primary></indexterm> - The KACE system - management appliances run &os; because of its - reliability, scalability, and the community that supports - its continued development.</para> + KACE</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Dell KACE</primary> + </indexterm> - The KACE system management appliances run + &os; because of its reliability, scalability, and the + community that supports its continued development.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.experts-exchange.com/">Experts - Exchange</link><indexterm> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.experts-exchange.com/">Experts + Exchange</link> + <indexterm> <primary>Experts Exchange</primary> </indexterm> - All public facing web servers are powered by &os; and they make extensive use of jails to isolate @@ -465,133 +491,171 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.isilon.com/">Isilon</link><indexterm> - <primary>Isilon</primary></indexterm> - Isilon's - enterprise storage appliances are based on &os;. The - extremely liberal &os; license allowed Isilon to integrate - their intellectual property throughout the kernel and - focus on building their product instead of an operating - system.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.isilon.com/">Isilon</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Isilon</primary> + </indexterm> - Isilon's enterprise storage appliances + are based on &os;. The extremely liberal &os; license + allowed Isilon to integrate their intellectual property + throughout the kernel and focus on building their product + instead of an operating system.</para> + </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.ixsystems.com/">iXsystems</link><indexterm> - <primary>iXsystems</primary></indexterm> - The TrueNAS - line of unified storage appliances is based on &os;. In - addition to their commercial products, iXsystems also - manages development of the open source projects PC-BSD - and FreeNAS.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.ixsystems.com/">iXsystems</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>iXsystems</primary> + </indexterm> - The TrueNAS line of unified storage + appliances is based on &os;. In addition to their + commercial products, iXsystems also manages development of + the open source projects PC-BSD and FreeNAS.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.juniper.net/">Juniper</link><indexterm> - <primary>Juniper</primary></indexterm> - The JunOS - operating system that powers all Juniper networking gear - (including routers, switches, security, and networking - appliances) is based on &os;. Juniper is one of many - vendors that showcases the symbiotic relationship between - the project and vendors of commercial products. - Improvements generated at Juniper are upstreamed into - &os; to reduce the complexity of integrating new - features from &os; back into JunOS in the future.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.juniper.net/">Juniper</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Juniper</primary> + </indexterm> - The JunOS operating system that powers all + Juniper networking gear (including routers, switches, + security, and networking appliances) is based on &os;. + Juniper is one of many vendors that showcases the + symbiotic relationship between the project and vendors of + commercial products. Improvements generated at Juniper + are upstreamed into &os; to reduce the complexity of + integrating new features from &os; back into JunOS in the + future.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.mcafee.com/">McAfee</link><indexterm> - <primary>McAfee</primary></indexterm> - SecurOS, the - basis of McAfee enterprise firewall products including - Sidewinder is based on &os;.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.mcafee.com/">McAfee</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>McAfee</primary> + </indexterm> - SecurOS, the basis of McAfee enterprise + firewall products including Sidewinder is based on + &os;.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.netapp.com/">NetApp</link><indexterm> - <primary>NetApp</primary></indexterm> - The Data ONTAP - GX line of storage appliances are based on &os;. In - addition, NetApp has contributed back many features, - including the new BSD licensed hypervisor, bhyve.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.netapp.com/">NetApp</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>NetApp</primary> + </indexterm> - The Data ONTAP GX line of storage + appliances are based on &os;. In addition, NetApp has + contributed back many features, including the new BSD + licensed hypervisor, bhyve.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.netflix.com/">Netflix</link><indexterm> - <primary>Netflix</primary></indexterm> - The OpenConnect - appliance that Netflix uses to stream movies to its - customers is based on &os;. Netflix has make extensive - contributions to the codebase and works to maintain a zero - delta from mainline &os;. Netflix OpenConnect appliances - are responsible for delivering more than 32% of all - Internet traffic in North America.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.netflix.com/">Netflix</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Netflix</primary> + </indexterm> - The OpenConnect appliance that Netflix + uses to stream movies to its customers is based on &os;. + Netflix has make extensive contributions to the codebase + and works to maintain a zero delta from mainline &os;. + Netflix OpenConnect appliances are responsible for + delivering more than 32% of all Internet traffic in North + America.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.sandvine.com/">Sandvine</link> - <indexterm><primary>Sandvine</primary></indexterm> - - Sandvine uses &os; as the basis of their high - performance realtime network processing platforms that - make up their intelligent network policy control + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.sandvine.com/">Sandvine</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Sandvine</primary> + </indexterm> - Sandvine uses &os; as the basis of their + high performance realtime network processing platforms + that make up their intelligent network policy control products.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link xlink:href="http://www.sony.com/">Sony</link> - <indexterm><primary>Sony</primary></indexterm> - - The PlayStation 4 gaming console runs a modified version - of &os;.</para> + <indexterm> + <primary>Sony</primary> + </indexterm> - The PlayStation 4 gaming console runs a + modified version of &os;.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.sophos.com/">Sophos</link> - <indexterm><primary>Sophos</primary></indexterm> - - The Sophos Email Appliance product is based on a - hardened &os; and scans inbound mail for spam and viruses, - while also monitoring outbound mail for malware as well as - the accidental loss of sensitive information.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.sophos.com/">Sophos</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Sophos</primary> + </indexterm> - The Sophos Email Appliance product is based + on a hardened &os; and scans inbound mail for spam and + viruses, while also monitoring outbound mail for malware + as well as the accidental loss of sensitive + information.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.spectralogic.com/">Spectra Logic</link> - <indexterm><primary>Spectra Logic</primary></indexterm> - - The nTier line of archive grade storage appliances run - &os; and OpenZFS.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.spectralogic.com/">Spectra + Logic</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Spectra Logic</primary> + </indexterm> - The nTier line of archive grade storage + appliances run &os; and OpenZFS.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link xlink:href="http://www.weather.com/">The Weather - Channel</link><indexterm><primary>The Weather - Channel</primary></indexterm> - The IntelliStar - appliance that is installed at each local cable - providers headend and is responsible for injecting local - weather forecasts into the cable TV network's programming - runs &os;.</para> + Channel</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>The Weather Channel</primary> + + </indexterm> - The IntelliStar appliance that is installed + at each local cable providers headend and is responsible + for injecting local weather forecasts into the cable TV + network's programming runs &os;.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.verisign.com/">Verisign</link> - <indexterm><primary>Verisign</primary></indexterm> - - Verisign is responsible for operating the .com and .net - root domain registries as well as the accompanying DNS - infrastructure. They rely on a number of different - network operating systems including &os; to ensure there - is no common point of failure in their + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.verisign.com/">Verisign</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Verisign</primary> + + </indexterm> - Verisign is responsible for operating the + .com and .net root domain registries as well as the + accompanying DNS infrastructure. They rely on a number of + different network operating systems including &os; to + ensure there is no common point of failure in their infrastructure.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.whatsapp.com/">WhatsApp</link> - <indexterm><primary>WhatsApp</primary></indexterm> - When - WhatsApp needed a platform that would be able to handle - more than 1 million concurrent TCP connections per server, - they chose &os;. They then proceeded to scale past 2.5 - million connections per server.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.whatsapp.com/">WhatsApp</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>WhatsApp</primary> + </indexterm> - When WhatsApp needed a platform that would + be able to handle more than 1 million concurrent TCP + connections per server, they chose &os;. They then + proceeded to scale past 2.5 million connections per + server.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://wheelsystems.com/en/">Wheel Systems</link> - <indexterm><primary>Wheel Systems</primary></indexterm> - - The FUDO security appliance allows enterprises to - monitor, control, record, and audit contractors and - administrators who work on their systems. Based on all of - the best security features of &os; including ZFS, GELI, - Capsicum, HAST, and auditdistd.</para> + <para><link xlink:href="http://wheelsystems.com/en/">Wheel + Systems</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Wheel Systems</primary> + + </indexterm> - The FUDO security appliance allows + enterprises to monitor, control, record, and audit + contractors and administrators who work on their systems. + Based on all of the best security features of &os; + including ZFS, GELI, Capsicum, HAST, and + auditdistd.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> @@ -600,74 +664,94 @@ <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://bsdrp.net/">BSD Router</link><indexterm> - <primary>BSD Router</primary></indexterm> - A &os; based - replacement for large enterprise routers designed to run - on standard PC hardware.</para> + <para><link xlink:href="http://bsdrp.net/">BSD + Router</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>BSD Router</primary> + </indexterm> - A &os; based replacement for large + enterprise routers designed to run on standard PC + hardware.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.freenas.org/">FreeNAS</link><indexterm> - <primary>FreeNAS</primary></indexterm> - A customized - &os; designed to be used as a network file server - appliance. Provides a python based web interface to - simplify the management of both the UFS and ZFS file - systems. Includes support for NFS, SMB/CIFS, AFP, FTP, - and iSCSI. Includes an extensible plugin system based on - &os; jails.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.freenas.org/">FreeNAS</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>FreeNAS</primary> + </indexterm> - A customized &os; designed to be used as a + network file server appliance. Provides a python based + web interface to simplify the management of both the UFS + and ZFS file systems. Includes support for NFS, SMB/CIFS, + AFP, FTP, and iSCSI. Includes an extensible plugin system + based on &os; jails.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.ghostbsd.org/">GhostBSD</link><indexterm> - <primary>GhostBSD</primary></indexterm> - A desktop - oriented distribution of &os; bundled with the Gnome - desktop environment.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.ghostbsd.org/">GhostBSD</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>GhostBSD</primary> + </indexterm> - A desktop oriented distribution of &os; + bundled with the Gnome desktop environment.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://mfsbsd.vx.sk/">mfsBSD</link><indexterm> - <primary>mfsBSD</primary></indexterm> - A toolkit for - building a &os; system image that runs entirely from - memory.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://mfsbsd.vx.sk/">mfsBSD</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>mfsBSD</primary> + </indexterm> - A toolkit for building a &os; system image + that runs entirely from memory.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.nas4free.org/">NAS4Free</link><indexterm> - <primary>NAS4Free</primary></indexterm> - A file server - distribution based on &os; with a PHP powered web - interface.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.nas4free.org/">NAS4Free</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>NAS4Free</primary> + </indexterm> - A file server distribution based on &os; + with a PHP powered web interface.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.pcbsd.org/">PC-BSD</link><indexterm> - <primary>PC-BSD</primary></indexterm> - A customized - version of &os; geared towards desktop users with - graphical utilities to exposing the power of &os; to - all users. Designed to ease the transition of Windows and - OS X users.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.pcbsd.org/">PC-BSD</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>PC-BSD</primary> + </indexterm> - A customized version of &os; geared towards + desktop users with graphical utilities to exposing the + power of &os; to all users. Designed to ease the + transition of Windows and OS X users.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.pfsense.org/">pfSense</link><indexterm> - <primary>pfSense</primary></indexterm> - A firewall - distribution based on &os; with a huge array of features - and extensive IPv6 support.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.pfsense.org/">pfSense</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>pfSense</primary> + </indexterm> - A firewall distribution based on &os; with + a huge array of features and extensive IPv6 + support.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://m0n0.ch/wall/">m0n0wall</link><indexterm> - <primary>m0n0wall</primary></indexterm> - A stripped - down version of &os; bundled with a web server and PHP. - Designed as an embedded firewall appliance with a - footprint of less than 12 MB.</para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://m0n0.ch/wall/">m0n0wall</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>m0n0wall</primary> + </indexterm> - A stripped down version of &os; bundled + with a web server and PHP. Designed as an embedded + firewall appliance with a footprint of less than + 12 MB.</para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://zrouter.org/">ZRouter</link><indexterm> - <primary>ZRouter</primary></indexterm> - An open source - alternative firmware for embedded devices based on &os;. - Designed to replace the proprietary firmware on - off-the-shelf routers.</para> + <para><link xlink:href="http://zrouter.org/">ZRouter</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>ZRouter</primary> + </indexterm> - An open source alternative firmware for + embedded devices based on &os;. Designed to replace the + proprietary firmware on off-the-shelf routers.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> @@ -676,69 +760,94 @@ <itemizedlist> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo!</link><indexterm> - <primary>Yahoo!</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link xlink:href="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo!</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Yahoo!</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.yandex.ru/">Yandex</link><indexterm> - <primary>Yandex</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link xlink:href="http://www.yandex.ru/">Yandex</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Yandex</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.rambler.ru/">Rambler</link><indexterm> - <primary>Rambler</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.rambler.ru/">Rambler</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Rambler</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.sina.com/">Sina</link><indexterm> + <para><link xlink:href="http://www.sina.com/">Sina</link> + <indexterm> <primary>Sina</primary> </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link xlink:href="http://www.pair.com/">Pair - Networks</link><indexterm> - <primary>Pair Networks</primary></indexterm></para> + Networks</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Pair Networks</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link xlink:href="http://www.sony.co.jp/">Sony - Japan</link><indexterm> - <primary>Sony Japan</primary></indexterm></para> + Japan</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Sony Japan</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.netcraft.com/">Netcraft</link><indexterm> - <primary>Netcraft</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.netcraft.com/">Netcraft</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Netcraft</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="https://signup.netflix.com/openconnect">Netflix</link> - <indexterm><primary>Netflix</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link + xlink:href="https://signup.netflix.com/openconnect">Netflix</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Netflix</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.163.com/">NetEase</link><indexterm> - <primary>NetEase</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link xlink:href="http://www.163.com/">NetEase</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>NetEase</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> - <para><link xlink:href="http://www.weathernews.com/">Weathernews</link> - <indexterm><primary>Weathernews</primary></indexterm></para> + <para><link + xlink:href="http://www.weathernews.com/">Weathernews</link> + <indexterm> + <primary>Weathernews</primary> + </indexterm></para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><link xlink:href="http://www.telehouse.com/">TELEHOUSE - America</link><indexterm> + America</link> + <indexterm> <primary>TELEHOUSE America</primary> </indexterm></para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> - <para>and many more. Wikipedia also maintains a <link xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_products_based_on_FreeBSD"> - list of products based on &os;</link></para> + <para>and many more. Wikipedia also maintains a <link + xlink:href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_products_based_on_FreeBSD">list + of products based on &os;</link></para> </sect2> </sect1> @@ -760,19 +869,18 @@ <primary>FreeBSD Project</primary> <secondary>history</secondary> </indexterm> + <para>The &os; Project had its genesis in the early part of 1993, partially as an outgrowth of the Unofficial - 386BSDPatchkit by the patchkit's last 3 - coordinators: Nate Williams, Rod Grimes and Jordan - Hubbard.</para> + 386BSDPatchkit by the patchkit's last 3 coordinators: Nate + Williams, Rod Grimes and Jordan Hubbard.</para> <indexterm><primary>386BSD</primary></indexterm> <para>The original goal was to produce an intermediate snapshot of 386BSD in order to fix a number of problems with it that the patchkit mechanism just was not capable of solving. The - early working title for the project was - 386BSD 0.5 or 386BSD Interim in - reference of that fact.</para> + early working title for the project was 386BSD 0.5 or 386BSD + Interim in reference of that fact.</para> <indexterm><primary>Jolitz, Bill</primary></indexterm> <para>386BSD was Bill Jolitz's operating system, which had been @@ -787,21 +895,22 @@ <indexterm><primary>Greenman, David</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>Walnut Creek CDROM</primary></indexterm> - <para>The trio thought that the goal remained - worthwhile, even without Bill's support, and so they adopted - the name "&os;" coined by David Greenman. The initial - objectives were set after consulting with the system's current - users and, once it became clear that the project was on the - road to perhaps even becoming a reality, Jordan contacted - Walnut Creek CDROM with an eye toward improving &os;'s - distribution channels for those many unfortunates without easy - access to the Internet. Walnut Creek CDROM not only supported - the idea of distributing &os; on CD but also went so far as to - provide the project with a machine to work on and a fast - Internet connection. Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost - unprecedented degree of faith in what was, at the time, a - completely unknown project, it is quite unlikely that &os; - would have gotten as far, as fast, as it has today.</para> + + <para>The trio thought that the goal remained worthwhile, even + without Bill's support, and so they adopted the name "&os;" + coined by David Greenman. The initial objectives were set + after consulting with the system's current users and, once it + became clear that the project was on the road to perhaps even + becoming a reality, Jordan contacted Walnut Creek CDROM with + an eye toward improving &os;'s distribution channels for those + many unfortunates without easy access to the Internet. Walnut + Creek CDROM not only supported the idea of distributing &os; + on CD but also went so far as to provide the project with a + machine to work on and a fast Internet connection. Without + Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecedented degree of faith in + what was, at the time, a completely unknown project, it is + quite unlikely that &os; would have gotten as far, as fast, as + it has today.</para> <indexterm><primary>4.3BSD-Lite</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>Net/2</primary></indexterm> @@ -847,11 +956,10 @@ requirements) and the fact that the Intel port of 4.4 was highly incomplete. It took the project until November of 1994 to make this transition, and in December it released - &os; 2.0 to the world. - Despite being still more than a little rough around the edges, - the release was a significant success and was followed by the - more robust and easier to install &os; 2.0.5 release in - June of 1995.</para> + &os; 2.0 to the world. Despite being still more than a + little rough around the edges, the release was a significant + success and was followed by the more robust and easier to + install &os; 2.0.5 release in June of 1995.</para> <para>Since that time, &os; has made a series of releases each time improving the stability, speed, and feature set of the @@ -859,19 +967,26 @@ <para>For now, long-term development projects continue to take place in the 10.X-CURRENT (trunk) branch, and snapshot - releases of 10.X are continually made available from <link xlink:href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/snapshots/">the + releases of 10.X are continually made available from <link + xlink:href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/snapshots/">the snapshot server</link> as work progresses.</para> </sect2> <sect2 xml:id="goals"> - <info><title>&os; Project Goals</title> + <info> + <title>&os; Project Goals</title> + <authorgroup> - <author><personname><firstname>Jordan</firstname><surname>Hubbard</surname></personname><contrib>Contributed by </contrib></author> + <author> + <personname> + <firstname>Jordan</firstname> + <surname>Hubbard</surname> + </personname> + <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> + </author> </authorgroup> </info> - - <indexterm> <primary>FreeBSD Project</primary> <secondary>goals</secondary> @@ -906,23 +1021,31 @@ </sect2> <sect2 xml:id="development"> - <info><title>The &os; Development Model</title> + <info> + <title>The &os; Development Model</title> + <authorgroup> - <author><personname><firstname>Satoshi</firstname><surname>Asami</surname></personname><contrib>Contributed by </contrib></author> + <author> + <personname> + <firstname>Satoshi</firstname> + <surname>Asami</surname> + </personname> + <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> + </author> </authorgroup> </info> - - <indexterm> <primary>FreeBSD Project</primary> <secondary>development model</secondary> </indexterm> + <para>The development of &os; is a very open and flexible - process, being literally built from the contributions - of thousands of people around the world, as can be seen from - our <link xlink:href="&url.articles.contributors;/article.html">list of - contributors</link>. &os;'s development infrastructure + process, being literally built from the contributions of + thousands of people around the world, as can be seen from our + <link + xlink:href="&url.articles.contributors;/article.html">list + of contributors</link>. &os;'s development infrastructure allow these thousands of contributors to collaborate over the Internet. We are constantly on the lookout for new developers and ideas, and those interested in becoming more closely @@ -937,7 +1060,9 @@ <variablelist> <varlistentry> - <term>The SVN repositories<anchor xml:id="development-cvs-repository"/></term> + <term>The SVN repositories<anchor + xml:id="development-cvs-repository"/></term> + <listitem> <para> <indexterm> @@ -969,50 +1094,56 @@ was maintained by <link xlink:href="http://www.nongnu.org/cvs/">CVS</link> (Concurrent Versions System), a freely available source - code control tool. In June - 2008, the Project switched to using <link xlink:href="http://subversion.tigris.org">SVN</link> + code control tool. In June 2008, the Project switched + to using <link + xlink:href="http://subversion.tigris.org">SVN</link> (Subversion). The switch was deemed necessary, as the technical limitations imposed by - <application>CVS</application> were becoming obvious - due to the rapid expansion of the source tree and the - amount of history already stored. The Documentation - Project and Ports Collection repositories also moved - from <application>CVS</application> to + <application>CVS</application> were becoming obvious due + to the rapid expansion of the source tree and the amount + of history already stored. The Documentation Project + and Ports Collection repositories also moved from + <application>CVS</application> to <application>SVN</application> in May 2012 and July - 2012, respectively. Please - refer to the <link linkend="synching">Synchronizing - your source tree</link> section for more information on - obtaining the &os; <literal>src/</literal> repository - and <link linkend="ports-using">Using the Ports + 2012, respectively. Please refer to the <link + linkend="synching">Synchronizing your source + tree</link> section for more information on obtaining + the &os; <literal>src/</literal> repository and <link + linkend="ports-using">Using the Ports Collection</link> for details on obtaining the &os; Ports Collection.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> - <term>The committers list<anchor xml:id="development-committers"/></term> + <term>The committers list<anchor + xml:id="development-committers"/></term> <listitem> - <para>The <firstterm>committers</firstterm><indexterm> - <primary>committers</primary></indexterm> - are the people who have <emphasis>write</emphasis> - access to the Subversion tree, and are authorized to - make modifications to the &os; source (the term - <quote>committer</quote> comes from the source control - <command>commit</command> command, which is used to - bring new changes into the repository). The best way of - making submissions for review by the committers list is - to use the &man.send-pr.1; command. If something - appears to be jammed in the system, then you may also - reach them by sending mail to the &a.committers;.</para> + <para>The <firstterm>committers</firstterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>committers</primary> + </indexterm> are the people who have + <emphasis>write</emphasis> access to the Subversion + tree, and are authorized to make modifications to the + &os; source (the term <quote>committer</quote> comes + from the source control <command>commit</command> + command, which is used to bring new changes into the + repository). The best way of making submissions for + review by the committers list is to use the + &man.send-pr.1; command. If something appears to be + jammed in the system, then you may also reach them by + sending mail to the &a.committers;.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> - <term>The FreeBSD core team<anchor xml:id="development-core"/></term> + <term>The FreeBSD core team<anchor + xml:id="development-core"/></term> <listitem> - <para>The <firstterm>&os; core team</firstterm><indexterm> + <para>The <firstterm>&os; core team</firstterm> + <indexterm> <primary>core team</primary> </indexterm> would be equivalent to the board of directors if the &os; Project were a company. The @@ -1032,9 +1163,9 @@ it comes to &os; development and do not benefit from the project financially, so <quote>commitment</quote> should also not be misconstrued as meaning - <quote>guaranteed support.</quote> The <quote>board - of directors</quote> analogy above is not very - accurate, and it may be more suitable to say that + <quote>guaranteed support.</quote> The + <quote>board of directors</quote> analogy above is not + very accurate, and it may be more suitable to say that these are the people who gave up their lives in favor of &os; against their better judgement!</para> </note> @@ -1050,19 +1181,23 @@ and bug fixes to us on an almost constant basis. The primary way of keeping in touch with &os;'s more non-centralized development is to subscribe to the - &a.hackers; where such things are discussed. See <xref linkend="eresources"/> for more information about the - various &os; mailing lists.</para> - - <para><citetitle><link xlink:href="&url.articles.contributors;/article.html">The - &os; Contributors List</link></citetitle><indexterm> - <primary>contributors</primary></indexterm> is a long - and growing one, so why not join it by contributing - something back to &os; today?</para> + &a.hackers; where such things are discussed. See + <xref linkend="eresources"/> for more information about + the various &os; mailing lists.</para> + + <para><citetitle><link + xlink:href="&url.articles.contributors;/article.html">The + &os; Contributors List</link></citetitle> + <indexterm> + <primary>contributors</primary> + </indexterm> is a long and growing one, so why not join *** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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