Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2017 01:29:05 -0400 (EDT) From: Garrett Wollman <wollman@hergotha.csail.mit.edu> To: rizzo@i805.com.br Cc: freebsd-current@freebsd.org Subject: Re: problem with ls, not show a correct list Message-ID: <201704070529.v375T5ux031766@hergotha.csail.mit.edu> References: <fe2da09242ff63acb0c62dd0519cfa1f@i805.com.br> <3a8b8ade882d1486aa41b448a9c83b6c@i805.com.br>
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In article <3a8b8ade882d1486aa41b448a9c83b6c@i805.com.br> you write:
>
>
> It's a terrible!!!! Is it a locale bug? Look!
>
>% locale
>LANG=pt_BR.UTF-8
>% touch E
>% ls -l [a-z]*
>-rw-r--r-- 1 rizzo wheel 0 7 abr 02:06 E
No, it's the specification of how character ranges in glob(3) and
fnmatch(3) work. In effect, character ranges like [a-z] must be
treated as ranges of *collating elements*, not byte ranges, and in
your locale, <a> and <A> are considered to be the same collating
element, so [a-z] matches both upper- and lower-case Latin letters.
This is documented, very obliquely, in sh(1), which also tells you the
workaround:
a character class. A character class matches any of the characters
between the square brackets. A locale-dependent range of characters may
be specified using a minus sign. A named class of characters (see
wctype(3)) may be specified by surrounding the name with `[:' and `:]'.
For example, `[[:alpha:]]' is a shell pattern that matches a single let-
ter.
So, to match only lower-case letters regardless of your current locale
setting, you must use the correct character class:
$ locale
LANG=pt_BR.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="pt_BR.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="pt_BR.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="pt_BR.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="pt_BR.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="pt_BR.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="pt_BR.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
$ ls
D E F a b c
$ ls [[:lower:]]*
a b c
The same applies to character class ranges in regular expressions, not
just glob(3) patterns.
-GAWollman
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