Date: Sun, 28 Dec 2025 12:01:59 +0100 From: "js@freebsd.org" <js@FreeBSD.org> To: Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> Cc: freebsd-arm <freebsd-arm@freebsd.org>, FreeBSD Current <freebsd-current@freebsd.org> Subject: Re: armv7 main's gpart [show]: signal 11 core dump during boot, before login; xo_format_string_direct; official pkgbase distribution (kernel and world) Message-ID: <bab8e7b6-61ad-4750-972a-065482d46cfb@FreeBSD.org> In-Reply-To: <29DCA955-4FEB-4EB4-8AEC-01312C932456@yahoo.com> References: <73B5AB7B-E546-431C-AAF8-C20DB5616CD5@yahoo.com> <16109C94-D82C-4873-BC21-41B420A850EE@yahoo.com> <6C850038-7550-4954-A319-0F1484C31766@yahoo.com> <29DCA955-4FEB-4EB4-8AEC-01312C932456@yahoo.com>
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I'll take a look at it and try to setup a reproducer, unfortunately my
time is a bit limited during the holidays so I can't promise any quick
fixes right now.
Could you share the output of
gpart --libxo:JP show
with me? If possible.
On 12/28/25 09:23, Mark Millard wrote:
> On Dec 27, 2025, at 23:55, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote:
>
>> [Turns out: works on aarch64 kernel's armv7 support, fails
>> on the armv7 native kernel, exact same world files on the
>> exact same media.]
>
> I got that wrong: a large part of the output occurs before a
> segmentation fault on the Windows Dev Kit 2023. But it has a
> very different backtrace and the output before that has numerical
> garbage values showing.
>
>>
>> On Dec 27, 2025, at 23:35, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote:
>>
>>> On Dec 27, 2025, at 22:03, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Context:
>>>>
>>>> # uname -apKU
>>>> FreeBSD OPiP2E-RPi2v1p1 16.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT main-n282732-939ac0c8fde2 GENERIC-NODEBUG arm armv7 1600007 1600007
>>>>
>>>> That is an official pkgbase distribution that I installed, not
>>>> a personal build. pkgbase for main has world being a debug
>>>> build, no matter which of the kernels one choses to boot.
>>>> For pkgbase, 939ac0c8fde2 would be correct(?) for the kernel
>>>> but might not be exact for the world: /usr/src/sys/ and
>>>> /usr/src/ (without sys/) are from different times, last I
>>>> knew anyway. Changes can happen between.
>>>>
>>>> During boot, the time on the Orange Pi Plus 2ed is bad so:
>>>>
>>>> # ls -lodT /gpart.core
>>>> -rw------- 1 root wheel nodump 3174400 Jan 1 00:01:01 2010 /gpart.core
>>>>
>>>> Also, for pkgbase, a source file distributed can be newer
>>>> for its time stamp than the program distributed that was
>>>> based on the source file. Such happens below.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Core was generated by `gpart show'.
>>>> Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
>>>> Address not mapped to object.
>>>> #0 xo_format_string_direct (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, xbp=xbp@entry=0x2009b150, flags=flags@entry=4096, wcp=0x0, cp=0x6e480000 <error: Cannot access memory at address 0x6e480000>, len=-1, max=-1,
>>>> need_enc=3, have_enc=2) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2715
>>>>
>>>> warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
>>>> 2715 if (*cp == '\0')
>>>> (gdb) bt
>>>> #0 xo_format_string_direct (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, xbp=xbp@entry=0x2009b150, flags=flags@entry=4096, wcp=0x0, cp=0x6e480000 <error: Cannot access memory at address 0x6e480000>, len=-1, max=-1,
>>>> need_enc=3, have_enc=2) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2715
>>>> #1 0x20150908 in xo_format_string (xop=0x2009b120, xbp=0x2009b150, flags=4096, xfp=0xbfbfd280) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2982
>>>> #2 xo_do_format_field (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, xbp=0x2009b150, fmt=fmt@entry=0x20130635 "%s", flen=flen@entry=2, flags=4096) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:3503
>>>> #3 0x2014c69c in xo_simple_field (xop=0x2009b120, encode_only=0, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s", flen=2, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:3817
>>>> #4 xo_format_value (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, name=<optimized out>, name@entry=0x204bf931 "state}\n", nlen=<optimized out>, nlen@entry=5, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s",
>>>> flen=2, encoding=0x0, elen=0, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:4373
>>>> #5 0x20148710 in xo_do_emit_fields (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, fields=<optimized out>, fields@entry=0xbfbfd7e8, max_fields=max_fields@entry=17, fmt=<optimized out>)
>>>> at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6372
>>>> #6 0x201476a0 in xo_do_emit (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, flags=<optimized out>, fmt=fmt@entry=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd} {t:sectors/%*jd} {t:name/%*s} {:scheme} ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n")
>>>> at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6551
>>>> #7 0x20147840 in xo_emit (fmt=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd} {t:sectors/%*jd} {t:name/%*s} {:scheme} ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n") at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6622
>>>> #8 0x204d1fd4 in gpart_show_geom (gp=gp@entry=0x20089168, element=element@entry=0x204bfe51 "type", show_providers=show_providers@entry=0) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:654
>>>> #9 0x204d1048 in gpart_show (req=0x20089000, fl=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:793
>>>> #10 0x000230dc in run_command (argc=0, argv=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:497
>>>> #11 0x00022308 in main (argc=1, argv=0xbfbfed90) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:861
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 2710 for (;;) {
>>>> 2711 if (len == 0)
>>>> 2712 break;
>>>> 2713
>>>> 2714 if (cp) {
>>>> 2715 if (*cp == '\0')
>>>> 2716 break;
>>>> 2717 if ((flags & XFF_UNESCAPE) && (*cp == '\\' || *cp == '%')) {
>>>> 2718 cp += 1;
>>>> 2719 len -= 1;
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #1 0x20150908 in xo_format_string (xop=0x2009b120, xbp=0x2009b150, flags=4096, xfp=0xbfbfd280) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2982
>>>> 2982 cols = xo_format_string_direct(xop, xbp, flags, wcp, cp, len,
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 2977
>>>> 2978 return rc;
>>>> 2979 }
>>>> 2980 }
>>>> 2981
>>>> 2982 cols = xo_format_string_direct(xop, xbp, flags, wcp, cp, len,
>>>> 2983 xfp->xf_width[XF_WIDTH_MAX],
>>>> 2984 need_enc, xfp->xf_enc);
>>>> 2985 if (cols < 0)
>>>> 2986 goto bail;
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 3498
>>>> 3499 xf.xf_enc = (xf.xf_fc == 'm') ? XF_ENC_UTF8
>>>> 3500 : (xf.xf_lflag || (xf.xf_fc == 'S')) ? XF_ENC_WIDE
>>>> 3501 : xf.xf_hflag ? XF_ENC_LOCALE : XF_ENC_UTF8;
>>>> 3502
>>>> 3503 rc = xo_format_string(xop, xbp, flags, &xf);
>>>> 3504
>>>> 3505 if ((flags & XFF_TRIM_WS) && xo_style_is_encoding(xop))
>>>> 3506 rc = xo_trim_ws(xbp, rc);
>>>> 3507
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #3 0x2014c69c in xo_simple_field (xop=0x2009b120, encode_only=0, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s", flen=2, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:3817
>>>> 3817 xo_do_format_field(xop, NULL, fmt, flen, flags);
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 3812 {
>>>> 3813 if (encode_only)
>>>> 3814 flags |= XFF_NO_OUTPUT;
>>>> 3815
>>>> 3816 if (vlen == 0)
>>>> 3817 xo_do_format_field(xop, NULL, fmt, flen, flags);
>>>> 3818 else if (!encode_only)
>>>> 3819 xo_data_append_content(xop, value, vlen, flags);
>>>> 3820 }
>>>> 3821
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #4 xo_format_value (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, name=<optimized out>, name@entry=0x204bf931 "state}\n", nlen=<optimized out>, nlen@entry=5, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s",
>>>> flen=2, encoding=0x0, elen=0, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:4373
>>>> 4373 xo_simple_field(xop, FALSE, value, vlen, fmt, flen, flags);
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 4368
>>>> 4369 save.xhs_offset = xbp->xb_curp - xbp->xb_bufp;
>>>> 4370 save.xhs_columns = xop->xo_columns;
>>>> 4371 save.xhs_anchor_columns = xop->xo_anchor_columns;
>>>> 4372
>>>> 4373 xo_simple_field(xop, FALSE, value, vlen, fmt, flen, flags);
>>>> 4374
>>>> 4375 if (flags & XFF_HUMANIZE)
>>>> 4376 xo_format_humanize(xop, xbp, &save, flags);
>>>> 4377 break;
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #5 0x20148710 in xo_do_emit_fields (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, fields=<optimized out>, fields@entry=0xbfbfd7e8, max_fields=max_fields@entry=17, fmt=<optimized out>)
>>>> at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6372
>>>> 6372 xo_format_value(xop, content, clen, NULL, 0,
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 6367 flags &= ~XFF_WS; /* Prevent later handling of this flag */
>>>> 6368 }
>>>> 6369 }
>>>> 6370
>>>> 6371 if (ftype == 'V')
>>>> 6372 xo_format_value(xop, content, clen, NULL, 0,
>>>> 6373 xfip->xfi_format, xfip->xfi_flen,
>>>> 6374 xfip->xfi_encoding, xfip->xfi_elen, flags);
>>>> 6375 else if (ftype == '[')
>>>> 6376 xo_anchor_start(xop, xfip, content, clen);
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #6 0x201476a0 in xo_do_emit (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, flags=<optimized out>, fmt=fmt@entry=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd} {t:sectors/%*jd} {t:name/%*s} {:scheme} ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n")
>>>> at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6551
>>>> 6551 return xo_do_emit_fields(xop, fields, max_fields, fmt);
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 6546 /* Retain the info */
>>>> 6547 xo_retain_add(fmt, fields, max_fields);
>>>> 6548 }
>>>> 6549 }
>>>> 6550
>>>> 6551 return xo_do_emit_fields(xop, fields, max_fields, fmt);
>>>> 6552 }
>>>> 6553
>>>> 6554 /*
>>>> 6555 * Rebuild a format string in a gettext-friendly format. This function
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #7 0x20147840 in xo_emit (fmt=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd} {t:sectors/%*jd} {t:name/%*s} {:scheme} ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n") at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6622
>>>> 6622 rc = xo_do_emit(xop, 0, fmt);
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 6617 {
>>>> 6618 xo_handle_t *xop = xo_default(NULL);
>>>> 6619 ssize_t rc;
>>>> 6620
>>>> 6621 va_start(xop->xo_vap, fmt);
>>>> 6622 rc = xo_do_emit(xop, 0, fmt);
>>>> 6623 va_end(xop->xo_vap);
>>>> 6624 bzero(&xop->xo_vap, sizeof(xop->xo_vap));
>>>> 6625
>>>> 6626 return rc;
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #8 0x204d1fd4 in gpart_show_geom (gp=gp@entry=0x20089168, element=element@entry=0x204bfe51 "type", show_providers=show_providers@entry=0) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:654
>>>> warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
>>>> 654 xo_emit("=>{t:start/%*jd} {t:sectors/%*jd} {t:name/%*s} {:scheme} ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n",
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 649 }
>>>> 650 wname = wmax;
>>>> 651 pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->lg_consumer)->lg_provider;
>>>> 652 secsz = pp->lg_sectorsize;
>>>> 653 xo_open_instance("part");
>>>> 654 xo_emit("=>{t:start/%*jd} {t:sectors/%*jd} {t:name/%*s} {:scheme} ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n",
>>>> 655 wblocks, (intmax_t)first, wblocks, (intmax_t)(last - first + 1),
>>>> 656 wname, gp->lg_name,
>>>> 657 scheme, pp->lg_mediasize,
>>>> 658 s ? " [CORRUPT]": "");
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #9 0x204d1048 in gpart_show (req=0x20089000, fl=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:793
>>>> 793 gpart_show_geom(gp, element, show_providers);would be 2025-12-18 15:22:59 +0000 (the CommitDate) UTC.
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 788 else
>>>> 789 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom: %s.", name);
>>>> 790 }
>>>> 791 } else {
>>>> 792 LIST_FOREACH(gp, &classp->lg_geom, lg_geom) {
>>>> 793 gpart_show_geom(gp, element, show_providers);
>>>> 794 }
>>>> 795 }
>>>> 796 xo_close_list(name);
>>>> 797 geom_deletetree(&mesh);
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #10 0x000230dc in run_command (argc=0, argv=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:497
>>>> warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
>>>> 497 cmd->gc_func(req, flags);
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 492 buf[0] = '\0';
>>>> 493 if (cmd->gc_func != NULL) {
>>>> 494 unsigned flags;
>>>> 495
>>>> 496 flags = set_flags(cmd);
>>>> 497 cmd->gc_func(req, flags);
>>>> 498 errstr = req->error;
>>>> 499 } else {
>>>> 500 gctl_add_param(req, "output", sizeof(buf), buf,
>>>> 501 GCTL_PARAM_WR | GCTL_PARAM_ASCII);
>>>> (gdb) up
>>>> #11 0x00022308 in main (argc=1, argv=0xbfbfed90) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:861
>>>> 861 run_command(argc, argv);
>>>> (gdb) list
>>>> 856 show_tree();
>>>> 857 return (0);
>>>> 858 }
>>>> 859
>>>> 860 get_class(&argc, &argv);
>>>> 861 run_command(argc, argv);
>>>> 862 /* NOTREACHED */
>>>> 863
>>>> 864 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>>>> 865 }
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> For reference:
>>>>
>>>> # ls -lodT /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c /sbin/gpart
>>>> -r-xr-xr-x 17 root wheel - 30720 Dec 18 07:22:59 2025 /sbin/gpart
>>>> -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel - 211505 Dec 24 08:29:29 2025 /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c
>>>> -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel - 35380 Dec 24 08:29:29 2025 /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c
>>>> -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel - 36298 Dec 24 08:29:29 2025 /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c
>>>>
>>>> That explains the "warning: Source file is more recent than executable"
>>>> messages.
>>>
>>> Additional context notes:
>>>
>>> ) On the Cortex-A7 SUT the above is repeatable at the
>>> shell prompt when logged in: just try "gpart show",
>>> including via gdb use. "/rescue/gpart show" also
>>> core dumps.
>>>
>>> ) In a armv7 chroot on a aarch64 system (the Windows
>>> Dev Kit 2023), the "gpart show" works just fine.
>>>
>>> But the vintages could well be a little different.
>>> (Tracing to git commits for pkgbase is problematical.)
>>>
>>>
>>> I'll note:
>>>
>>> Johan Söllvander <js_at_FreeBSD.org>
>>> Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2025 15:23:29 UTC
>>> The branch main has been updated by js:
>>>
>>> URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/src/commit/?id=4f809ffec69cd6ede3e7be9a5bc876b2e5931028
>>>
>>> commit 4f809ffec69cd6ede3e7be9a5bc876b2e5931028
>>> Author: Johan Söllvander <js@FreeBSD.org>
>>> AuthorDate: 2025-12-18 15:06:09 +0000
>>> Commit: Johan Söllvander <js@FreeBSD.org>
>>> CommitDate: 2025-12-18 15:22:59 +0000
>>>
>>> gpart: add libxo support for "show" subcommand + man page updates
>>>
>>> Added libxo support to `gpart show`, also updated the man
>>> pages for geom and gpart to show where you can expect
>>> libxo formatted output.
>>>
>>> PR: 290629
>>> MFC after: 1 week
>>> Sponsored by: ConnectWise
>>> Reviewed by: asomers, mckusick, phil
>>> Approved by: asomers (mentor)
>>> Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D53950
>>> ---
>>> . . .
>>>
>>>
>>> Note: Dec 18 07:22:59 2025 /sbin/gpart for my time zone
>>> would be 2025-12-18 15:22:59 +0000 (the CommitDate) UTC.
>>
>>
>> I shut down the OPi+2e and mounted the boot media
>> on the Windows Dev Kit 2023 and then did a chroot
>> into that boot media and tried "gpart show":
>>
>> "gpart show" worked just fine.
>>
>> What matters is which kernel it runs on for the
>> exact same world files on the exact same media.
>>
>
> I got that wrong: a large part of the output occurs before
> a segmentation fault on the Windows Dev Kit 2023. But it has a
> very different backtrace. Also, note all the "517M" that make no
> sense --and the "0" and "2" junk as well:
>
> # gpart show
> => 34 1000215149 nda0 GPT (2)(null)
> 34 2014 - free - (2)
> 2048 532480 1 efi (517M)
> 534528 32768 2 ms-reserved (517M)
> 567296 997287936 3 ms-basic-data (517M)
> 997855232 2359296 4 ms-recovery (517M)
> 1000214528 655 - free - (2)
>
> => 34 2930277101 da0 GPT (0)(null)
> 34 32734 - free - (0)
> 32768 501760 1 efi (517M)
> 534528 20971520 2 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 21506048 29360128 3 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 50866176 33554432 4 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 84420608 67108864 5 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 151529472 96468992 6 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 247998464 268435456 7 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 516433920 7340032 8 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 523773952 13096960 - free - (0)
> 536870912 2357198848 9 freebsd-ufs (517M)
> 2894069760 36207375 - free - (0)
>
> => 40 1953525088 da1 GPT (0)(null)
> 40 532480 1 efi (517M)
> 532520 2008 - free - (0)
> 534528 3563520 2 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 4098048 6504448 - free - (0)
> 10602496 1740636160 4 freebsd-ufs (517M)
> 1751238656 7546880 3 freebsd-swap (517M)
> 1758785536 194739592 - free - (0)
>
> Segmentation fault (core dumped)
>
> As for gdb's backtrace:
>
> Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
> Address not mapped to object.
> #0 0x200c5ef0 in delete_config (gp=0x2053e224) at /usr/src/lib/libgeom/geom_xml2tree.c:502
>
> warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
> 502 LIST_REMOVE(cf, lg_config);
> (gdb) bt
> #0 0x200c5ef0 in delete_config (gp=0x2053e224) at /usr/src/lib/libgeom/geom_xml2tree.c:502
> #1 geom_deletetree (gmp=gmp@entry=0xffffcb48) at /usr/src/lib/libgeom/geom_xml2tree.c:524
> #2 0x204d2064 in gpart_show (req=<optimized out>, fl=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:797
> #3 0x000230dc in run_command (argc=0, argv=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:497
> #4 0x00022308 in main (argc=1, argv=0xffffdc70) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:861
>
>
> (I need to get some sleep.)
>
>
> ===
> Mark Millard
> marklmi at yahoo.com
>
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