Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2025 13:54:04 -0800 From: Doug Hardie <bc979@lafn.org> To: questions@freebsd.org Subject: Disk Structures Message-ID: <7FA6EBCD-71E8-41D8-8C31-6DCB289CBEC1@sermon-archive.info>
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I have a couple of Raspberry Pi 5s. One of which is a production server for mail. It works just fine. However, the disk structure is quite confusing. I only noticed this because of trying to bring up another similar server. If I list the dev entries for mmcsd, I get the following. mail# ll /dev/mmcs* crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x49 Nov 26 15:47 /dev/mmcsd0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x4a Nov 26 15:47 /dev/mmcsd0s1 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x4b Nov 26 15:47 /dev/mmcsd0s2 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x4e Nov 26 15:47 /dev/mmcsd0s2a crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x4f Nov 26 15:47 /dev/mmcsd0s2b This looks like the drive was partitioned using GPT. However, gpart list shows MBR. I removed the non-relevant entries: mail# gpart list mmcsd0 Geom name: mmcsd0 entries: 4 scheme: MBR Providers: 1. Name: mmcsd0s1 Mediasize: 52428800 (50M) type: fat32lba 2. Name: mmcsd0s2 Mediasize: 128124452864 (119G) type: freebsd There are the two partitions I expected. A boot partition, and a data partition. Looking at the df output: mail# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ufs/rootfs 108G 9.1G 90G 9% / devfs 1.0K 0B 1.0K 0% /dev /dev/msdosfs/EFI 50M 25M 25M 50% /boot/efi tmpfs 12G 85M 12G 1% /tmp /dev/da0s2 25G 1.3G 22G 6% /mailbkup mail# The entries for / and /boot/efi are not at all what I expected. The /mailbkup seems normal. How do I make sense of all this? I duplicated the microSD card but it doesn't boot the new machine. I believe that is caused by a hardware failure in the Pi. It does some strange rebooting before ever reading the SD card. Never the less, I should be able to mount the copied SD card on a working machine, but can't figure out how to do that. Messages shows the new disk is da1. mail# mount /dev/da1s2 /mnt mount: /dev/da1s2: No such file or directory mail# mount /dev/mmcsd1s2b /mnt mount: /dev/mmcsd1s2b: No such file or directory I would like to verify that the new SD card is good. -- Doughelp
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