Date: Thu, 12 Jan 2012 04:48:44 +0000 (UTC) From: Hiroki Sato <hrs@FreeBSD.org> To: src-committers@freebsd.org, svn-src-all@freebsd.org, svn-src-stable@freebsd.org, svn-src-stable-9@freebsd.org Subject: svn commit: r230003 - stable/9/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes Message-ID: <201201120448.q0C4mi1B092679@svn.freebsd.org>
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Author: hrs Date: Thu Jan 12 04:48:44 2012 New Revision: 230003 URL: http://svn.freebsd.org/changeset/base/230003 Log: Various grammar/wording fixes. Submitted by: Benjamin Kaduk Modified: stable/9/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml Modified: stable/9/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml ============================================================================== --- stable/9/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml Thu Jan 12 04:37:19 2012 (r230002) +++ stable/9/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.sgml Thu Jan 12 04:48:44 2012 (r230003) @@ -184,12 +184,12 @@ <sect2 id="kernel"> <title>Kernel Changes</title> - <para revision="219129">&os; kernel now supports Capsicum + <para revision="219129">The &os; kernel now supports Capsicum Capability Mode. Capsicum is a set of features for sandboxing support, using a capability model in which the capabilities are file descriptors. Two new kernel options <literal>CAPABILITIES</literal> and - <literal>CAPABILITY_MODE</literal> have been added to + <literal>CAPABILITY_MODE</literal> have been added to the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel. For more information about Capsicum, see <ulink url="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/security/capsicum/"></ulink>.</para>; @@ -201,20 +201,21 @@ &os;/&arch.amd64;. Two new <filename>systrace_linux32</filename> and <filename>systrace_freebsd32</filename> kernel modules provide - support for tracing compat system calls in addition to native + support for tracing compat system calls in addition to the native system call tracing provided by the <filename>systrace</filename> module.</para> - <para revision="217152,217396" arch="amd64,i386,powerpc">&os; ELF image - activator now supports <literal>PT_GNU_STACK</literal> program - header. This is disabled by default. New &man.sysctl.8; - variables <varname>kern.elf32.nxstack</varname> and - <varname>kern.elf64.nxstack</varname> allow to enable + <para revision="217152,217396" arch="amd64,i386,powerpc">The + &os; ELF image activator now supports the + <literal>PT_GNU_STACK</literal> program header. This is + disabled by default. New &man.sysctl.8; variables + <varname>kern.elf32.nxstack</varname> and + <varname>kern.elf64.nxstack</varname> allow enabling <literal>PT_GNU_STACK</literal> for the specified ABIs (e.g. <literal>elf32</literal> for 32-bit ABI).</para> <para revision="216758,216615">The &man.hhook.9; (Helper Hook) - and &man.khelp.9; (Kernel Helpers) KPI have been implemented. + and &man.khelp.9; (Kernel Helpers) KPIs have been implemented. These are a kind of superset of &man.pfil.9; framework for more general use in the kernel. The &man.hhook.9; KPI provides a way for kernel subsystems to export hook points @@ -228,8 +229,8 @@ <para revision="224516" arch="amd64,i386,pc98">A &man.loader.8; tunable <varname>hw.memtest.tests</varname> has been added. - This controls whether performing a memory testing at boot time - or not. The default value is <literal>1</literal> (performs a + This controls whether to perform memory testing at boot time + or not. The default value is <literal>1</literal> (perform a memory test).</para> <para revision="220137">A new resource accounting API has been @@ -238,12 +239,12 @@ this is not built nor installed by default. To build and install them, specify <literal>options RACCT</literal> in the kernel configuration file and rebuild the base system as - described in <ulink + described in the <ulink url="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html">&os; Handbook</ulink>.</para> - <para revision="220163">A new resource limiting API has been - implemented. It works in conjunction with + <para revision="220163">A new resource-limiting API has been + implemented. It works in conjunction with the <literal>RACCT</literal> resource accounting implementation and takes user-configurable actions based on the set of rules it maintains and the current resource usage. The &man.rctl.8; @@ -251,31 +252,31 @@ that this is not built nor installed by default. To build and install them, specify <literal>options RCTL</literal> in the kernel configuration file and rebuild the base system as - described in <ulink + described in the <ulink url="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html">&os; Handbook</ulink>.</para> <para revision="220031">The &man.sendmsg.2; and &man.recvmsg.2; - system calls in &os; Linux ABI compatibility have been + system calls in the &os; Linux ABI compatibility have been improved.</para> <para revision="219999">The &man.open.2; and &man.fhopen.2; - system calls now support <literal>O_CLOEXEC</literal> flag, - which allows to set <literal>FD_CLOEXEC</literal> flag for the + system calls now support the <literal>O_CLOEXEC</literal> flag, + which allows setting the <literal>FD_CLOEXEC</literal> flag for the newly created file descriptor. This is standardized in IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 (POSIX, Single UNIX Specification Version 4).</para> - <para revision="220791">&man.posix.fallocate.2; system call has + <para revision="220791">The &man.posix.fallocate.2; system call has been implemented. This is a function in POSIX to ensure that - a part of storage for regular file data is allocated on the + a part of the storage for regular file data is allocated on the file system storage media.</para> <para revision="219304">Two new system calls <function>setloginclass(2)</function> and <function>getloginclass(2)</function> have been added. This - makes it possible for the kernel to track login class the - process is assigned to, which is required for + makes it possible for the kernel to track the login class a + process is assigned to, which is required for the <literal>RCTL</literal> resource limiting framework.</para> <para revision="220238" arch="amd64">&os; now supports executing @@ -283,12 +284,12 @@ that this is not built nor installed by default. To build and install them, specify <literal>options COMPAT_43</literal> in the kernel configuration file and rebuild the base system as - described in <ulink + described in the <ulink url="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html">&os; Handbook</ulink>.</para> <para revision="218485,219028,219029">The following - &man.sysctl.8; variables have been added to show availability + &man.sysctl.8; variables have been added to show the availability of various kernel features:</para> <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1"> @@ -402,7 +403,7 @@ <row> <entry><varname>kern.features.stack</varname></entry> - <entry>Support for capturing kernel stack</entry> + <entry>Support for capturing the kernel stack</entry> </row> <row> @@ -423,7 +424,7 @@ <row> <entry><varname>kern.features.invariant_support</varname></entry> - <entry>Support for modules compiled with INVARIANTS option</entry> + <entry>Support for modules compiled with the INVARIANTS option</entry> </row> <row> @@ -523,7 +524,7 @@ <row> <entry><varname>kern.features.geom_vol</varname></entry> - <entry>GEOM support for volume names from UFS superblock</entry> + <entry>GEOM support for volume names from UFS superblocks</entry> </row> <row> @@ -604,11 +605,11 @@ updated.</para> <para revision="219541" arch="ia64">The &man.loader.8; loader - now supports PBVM (Pre-Boot Virtual Memory). This allows to - link the kernel at a fixed virtual address without having to + now supports PBVM (Pre-Boot Virtual Memory). This allows + linking the kernel at a fixed virtual address without having to make any assumptions about the physical memory layout. The PBVM also allows fine control of the address where the - kernel and its modules to be loaded.</para> + kernel and its modules are to be loaded.</para> </sect3> <sect3 id="proc"> @@ -625,7 +626,7 @@ calibration, DELAY(9) with TSC, and using TSC as a CPU ticker. Another new &man.loader.8; tunable <varname>machdep.disable_tsc_calibration</varname> allows to - skip TSC frequency calibration only. This is useful when + skip the TSC frequency calibration only. This is useful when one wants to use the nominal frequency of the chip in Intel processors, for example.</para> @@ -634,22 +635,22 @@ <para revision="215649">The &os; &man.usb.4; subsystem now supports USB packet filter. This allows to capture packets - which go through each USB host controllers. The + which go through each USB host controller. The implementation is almost based on &man.bpf.4; code. The userland program &man.usbdump.8; has been added.</para> <sect4 id="net-if"> <title>Network Interface Support</title> - <para revision="217649">A bug in &man.alc.4; driver which + <para revision="217649">A bug in the &man.alc.4; driver which could make AR8152-based network interfaces stop working has been fixed.</para> <para revision="219647">A bxe(4) driver for Broadcom - NetXtreme II 10GbE controller (BCM57710, BCM57711, + NetXtreme II 10GbE controllers (BCM57710, BCM57711, BCM57711E) has been added.</para> - <para revision="220009">A &man.cxgb.4; driver has been + <para revision="220009">The &man.cxgb.4; driver has been updated to version 7.11.0.</para> <para revision="218794">A &man.cxgbe.4; driver for Chelsio @@ -657,34 +658,34 @@ added.</para> <para revision="218832" arch="i386">The &man.dc.4; driver - now works correctly in the kernel with + now works correctly in kernels with the <option>PAE</option> option.</para> <para revision="219753">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated to version 7.3.2.</para> - <para revision="223350">The &man.igb.4; driver has bee + <para revision="223350">The &man.igb.4; driver has been updated to version 2.2.5.</para> <para revision="218530">The &man.igb.4; driver now supports - Intel I350 PCIe Gigabit Ethernet controller.</para> + Intel I350 PCIe Gigabit Ethernet controllers.</para> <para revision="217593">The &man.ixgbe.4; driver has been updated to version 2.3.8.</para> <para revision="220892">Firmware images in the &man.iwn.4; - driver for 1000, 5000, 6000, and 6500 series have been + driver for 1000, 5000, 6000, and 6500 series cards have been updated.</para> - <para revision="216860">A bug in &man.msk.4; driver has been - fixed. It could prevent the RX checksum offloading from + <para revision="216860">A bug in the &man.msk.4; driver has been + fixed. It could prevent RX checksum offloading from working.</para> - <para revision="217794">A bug in &man.nfe.4; driver which + <para revision="217794">A bug in the &man.nfe.4; driver which could prevent reinitialization after changing the MTU has been fixed.</para> - <para revision="217511">A bug in &man.ral.4; and &man.run.4; + <para revision="217511">A bug in the &man.ral.4; and &man.run.4; drivers which could prevent <literal>hostap</literal> mode from working has been fixed.</para> @@ -693,7 +694,7 @@ <para revision="217498,218760">The &man.re.4; driver now supports RTL8168E/8111E-VL PCIe Gigabit Ethernet controllers and - RTL8401E PCIe Fast Ethernet controller.</para> + RTL8401E PCIe Fast Ethernet controllers.</para> <para revision="217766">The &man.re.4; driver now supports TX interrupt moderation on RTL810xE PCIe Fast Ethernet @@ -701,15 +702,15 @@ <para revision="217902">The &man.re.4; driver now supports another mechanism for RX interrupt moderation because of - performance problem. A &man.sysctl.8; variable + performance problems. A &man.sysctl.8; variable <varname>dev.re.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.int_rx_mod</varname> has been added to control amount of time to delay RX - interrupt processing in units of microsecond. Setting it + interrupt processing, in units of microsecond. Setting it to <literal>0</literal> completely disables RX interrupt moderation. A &man.loader.8; tunable <varname>hw.re.intr_filter</varname> controls whether the - old mechanism utilizing MSI/MSI-X capability on the - supported controllers is used or not. When setting it to + old mechanism utilizing MSI/MSI-X capability on + supported controllers is used or not. When set to a non-zero value, the &man.re.4; driver uses the old mechanism. The default value is <literal>0</literal> and this tunable has no effect on controllers without MSI/MSI-X @@ -725,7 +726,7 @@ supports enabling TX and/or RX checksum offloading independently from each other. Note that TX IP checksum is disabled on some RTL8168C-based network interfaces - because it can generate an wrong IP checksum when the + because it can generate an incorrect IP checksum when the packet contains IP options.</para> <para revision="217296">A bug in the &man.re.4; driver has @@ -733,20 +734,20 @@ frame on an RTL8169C, 8169D, or 8169E controller-based network interface.</para> - <para revision="217911">The &man.re.4; driver now support - RTL8105E PCIe Fast Ethernet controller.</para> + <para revision="217911">The &man.re.4; driver now supports + RTL8105E PCIe Fast Ethernet controllers.</para> - <para revision="217910">The rlphy(4) driver now support + <para revision="217910">The rlphy(4) driver now supports the Realtek RTL8201E 10/100 PHY found in RTL8105E - controller.</para> + controllers.</para> <para revision="217548">A bug in the &man.sis.4; driver has - been changed. It could prevent a proper reinitialization - on DP83815, DP83816, and SiS 900/7016 controllers when + been fixed. It could prevent a proper reinitialization + on DP83815, DP83816, and SiS 900/7016 controllers when the configuration of multicast packet handling and/or promiscuous mode is changed.</para> - <para revision="216650">A bug in &man.vlan.4; pseudo interface + <para revision="216650">A bug in the &man.vlan.4; pseudo interface han been fixed. It could have a random interface identifier in an automatically configured IPv6 link-local address, instead of one generated with the parent @@ -754,15 +755,15 @@ described in RFC 4291.</para> <para revision="216829">A &man.vte.4; driver for RDC R6040 Fast - Ethernet controller, which is commonly found on Vortex86 + Ethernet controllers, which are commonly found on the Vortex86 System On a Chip, has been added.</para> - <para revision="221167">A &man.vxge.4; driver for Neterion + <para revision="221167">A &man.vxge.4; driver for the Neterion X3100 10GbE Server/Storage adapter has been added.</para> - <para revision="216824">A bug in &man.wpi.4; driver has been + <para revision="216824">A bug in the &man.wpi.4; driver has been fixed. It could display the following error messages and - result in the device unusable:</para> + result in the device being unusable:</para> <screen>wpi0: could not map mbuf (error 12) wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load failed, error 12</screen> @@ -773,25 +774,26 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile <sect3 id="net-proto"> <title>Network Protocols</title> - <para revision="225044">The &man.ipfw.8; now supports IPv6 in + <para revision="225044">&man.ipfw.8; now supports IPv6 in the <command>fwd</command> action.</para> - <para revision="223666">The &man.ipfw.8; now supports + <para revision="223666">&man.ipfw.8; now supports the <command>call</command> and <command>return</command> - action. Upon the <command>call</command> action, The + actions. Upon the <command>call + <replaceable>number</replaceable></command> action, the current rule number is saved in the internal stack and ruleset processing continues with the first rule numbered - number or higher. The <command>return</command> action - takes rule number saved to internal stack by the last - <command>call</command> action and returns ruleset - processing to the first rule with number greater than number - of corresponding call rule.</para> + <replaceable>number</replaceable> or higher. The + <command>return</command> action takes the rule number saved + to internal stack by the latest <command>call</command> + action and returns ruleset processing to the first rule with + number greater than that saved number.</para> - <para revision="218794">&os; &man.ipsec.4; support now uses a + <para revision="218794">&os;'s &man.ipsec.4; support now uses half of the hash size as the authenticator hash size in Hashed Message Authentication Mode (HMAC-SHA-256, HMAC-SHA-384, and HMAC-SHA-512) as described in RFC 4868. - This was 96-bit fixed length in prior releases because the + This was a fixed 96-bit length in prior releases because the implementation was based on an old Internet draft draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00. Note that this means &release.current; and later are no longer interoperable with @@ -803,47 +805,47 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile nor installed by default. To build and install them, specify <literal>WITH_OFED=yes</literal> in <filename>/etc/src.conf</filename> and rebuild the base - system as described in <ulink + system as described in the <ulink url="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html">&os; Handbook</ulink>.</para> - <para revision="226572">&os; TCP/IP network stack now supports + <para revision="226572">The &os; TCP/IP network stack now supports IPv4 prefixes with /31 as described in RFC 3021, <quote>Using 31-Bit Prefixes on IPv4 Point-to-Point Links</quote>.</para> - <para revision="217169">A bug in &os; TCP/IP network stack has - been fixed. The source address selection could not being + <para revision="217169">A bug in the &os; TCP/IP network stack has + been fixed. Source address selection could not be performed when multicast options were present but without an interface being specified.</para> - <para revision="225682">A bug in + <para revision="225682">A bug in the <literal>IPV6_PKTINFO</literal> option used in - &man.sendmsg.2; has been fixed. The caused + &man.sendmsg.2; has been fixed. The <literal>IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU</literal> state set by &man.setsockopt.2; was ignored.</para> <para revision="216109,216114,216115,218152,218153,218155"> - &os; TCP/IP network stack now supports &man.mod.cc.9; pluggable + The &os; TCP/IP network stack now supports the &man.mod.cc.9; pluggable congestion control framework. This allows TCP congestion control algorithms to be implemented as dynamically loadable kernel modules. The following kernel modules are available - as of &release.current;: &man.cc.chd.4; for - CAIA-Hamilton-Delay algorithm, &man.cc.cubic.4; for CUBIC - algorithm, &man.cc.hd.4; for Hamilton-Delay algorithm, - &man.cc.htcp.4; for H-TCP algorithm, &man.cc.newreno.4; for - NewReno algorithm, and &man.cc.vegas.4; for Vegas algorithm. + as of &release.current;: &man.cc.chd.4; for the + CAIA-Hamilton-Delay algorithm, &man.cc.cubic.4; for the CUBIC + algorithm, &man.cc.hd.4; for the Hamilton-Delay algorithm, + &man.cc.htcp.4; for the H-TCP algorithm, &man.cc.newreno.4; for + the NewReno algorithm, and &man.cc.vegas.4; for the Vegas algorithm. The default algorithm can be set by a new &man.sysctl.8; variable <varname>net.inet.tcp.cc.algorithm</varname>. The - value must be set to one of the names listed by the + value must be set to one of the names listed by <varname>net.inet.tcp.cc.available</varname>, and - <literal>newreno</literal> is set at boot time. + <literal>newreno</literal> is the default set at boot time. For more - detail, see &man.mod.cc.4; and &man.mod.cc.9; manual pages.</para> + detail, see the &man.mod.cc.4; and &man.mod.cc.9; manual pages.</para> <para revision="217806">An &man.h.ertt.4; (Enhanced Round Trip Time) &man.khelp.9; module has been added. This module - allows per-connection, low noise estimate of the + allows per-connection, low noise estimates of the instantaneous RTT in the TCP/IP network stack with a robust implementation even in the face of delayed acknowledgments and/or TSO (TCP Segmentation Offload) being in use for a @@ -851,7 +853,7 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile <para revision="218912">A new &man.tcp.4; socket option <literal>TCP_CONGESTION</literal> has been added. This - allows to select or query a congestion control algorithm + allows to select or query the congestion control algorithm that the TCP/IP network stack will use for connections on the socket.</para> @@ -859,15 +861,15 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile node now supports IPv6.</para> <para revision="219127">The &man.ng.one2many.4; - &man.netgraph.4; node now supports + &man.netgraph.4; node now supports the <literal>XMIT_FAILOVER</literal> transmit algorithm. This - makes packets deliver out the first active + makes packets deliver out of the first active <literal>many</literal> hook.</para> <para revision="219183">The &man.ng.netflow.4; &man.netgraph.4; node now supports NetFlow version 9. A new <literal>export9</literal> hook has been added for NetFlow - v9 data. Note that the data export can be done + v9 data. Note that data export can be done simultaneously in both version 5 and version 9.</para> </sect3> @@ -877,10 +879,10 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile <para revision="220412">The &man.ada.4; driver now supports write cache control. A new &man.sysctl.8 variable <varname>kern.cam.ada.write_cache</varname> determines - whether write cache of the &man.ada.4; devices is enabled or + whether the write cache of &man.ada.4; devices is enabled or not. Setting to <literal>1</literal> enables and - <literal>0</literal> disables, and <literal>-1</literal> - leaves it the device default. &man.sysctl.8 variables + <literal>0</literal> disables the write cache, and <literal>-1</literal> + leaves the device default behavior. &man.sysctl.8 variables <varname>kern.cam.ada.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.write_cache</varname> can override the configuration in a per-device basis (the default value is <literal>-1</literal>, which means to use @@ -891,15 +893,15 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile <para revision="224905">The &man.arcmsr.4; driver has been updated to version 1.20.00.22.</para> - <para revision="226067">The &man.cam.4; subsystem now supports - descriptor format sense data in SPC-3 (SCSI Primary Commands + <para revision="226067">The &man.cam.4; subsystem now supports the + descriptor format sense data of the SPC-3 (SCSI Primary Commands 3) specification.</para> <para revision="220559">The &man.geom.map.4; GEOM class has been added. This allows to generate multiple geom providers based on a hard-coded layout of a device with no explicit partition table such as embedded flash storage. For more - information, see &man.geom.map.4; manual page.</para> + information, see the &man.geom.map.4; manual page.</para> <para revision="218014">The &man.gpart.8; GEOM class now supports the following aliases for the MBR and EBR schemes: @@ -912,35 +914,35 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile supports <literal>bios-boot</literal> GUID for the GPT scheme which is used in GRUB 2 loader.</para> - <para revision="219974">&man.graid.8; GEOM class has been - added. This is a replacement of &man.ataraid.4; driver + <para revision="219974">The &man.graid.8; GEOM class has been + added. This is a replacement of the &man.ataraid.4; driver supporting various BIOS-based software RAID.</para> <para revision="219056">The &man.sysctl.8; variable <varname>kern.geom.confxml</varname> now contains information about disk identification in an - <sgmltag>ident</sgmltag> tag and disk model string in a + <sgmltag>ident</sgmltag> tag and disk model strings in a <sgmltag>descr</sgmltag> tag.</para> <para revision="216793">The &man.md.4; memory-backed pseudo disk device driver now supports a &man.sysctl.8; variable <varname>vm.md_malloc_wait</varname> to specify whether a - malloc-backed disk to using <varname>M_WAITOK</varname> or + malloc-backed disk will use <varname>M_WAITOK</varname> or <varname>M_NOWAIT</varname> for &man.malloc.9; calls. The - <varname>M_WAITOK</varname> can prevent memory allocation + <varname>M_WAITOK</varname> setting can prevent memory allocation failure under high load. If it is set to <literal>0</literal>, a malloc-backed disk uses <varname>M_NOWAIT</varname> for memory allocation. The default value is <literal>0</literal>.</para> <para revision="216941,217509">A bug in the &man.mmc.4; driver - that could fail in device detection has been fixed.</para> + that could cause device detection to fail has been fixed.</para> <para revision="223958">The &man.mxge.4; driver has been updated.</para> <para revision="226115">A &man.tws.4; driver for 3ware 9750 - SATA+SAS 6Gb/s RAID controller has been added.</para> + SATA+SAS 6Gb/s RAID controllers has been added.</para> </sect3> <sect3 id="fs"> @@ -950,27 +952,27 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile softupdates journaling. It introduces a intent log into a softupdates-enabled file system which eliminates the need for background &man.fsck.8; even on unclean shutdown. This - can be enabled in a per-filesystem basis by using a - <option>-j</option> flag in the &man.newfs.8; utility or a - <option>-j enable</option> option in the &man.tunefs.8; + can be enabled in a per-filesystem basis by using the + <option>-j</option> flag of the &man.newfs.8; utility or the + <option>-j enable</option> option of the &man.tunefs.8; utility. Note that the &release.current; installer - automatically enables the softupdates journaling for + automatically enables softupdates journaling for newly-created UFS file systems.</para> <para revision="216796">The &os; Fast File System now - supports <literal>TRIM</literal> command when freeing data + supports the <literal>TRIM</literal> command when freeing data blocks. A new flag <option>-t</option> in the &man.newfs.8; - and &man.tunefs.8; utilities sets the TRIM-enable flag in a + and &man.tunefs.8; utilities sets the TRIM-enable flag for a file system. The TRIM-enable flag makes the file system send a delete request to the underlying device for each freed block. The <literal>TRIM</literal> command is - specified as Data Set Management Command in ATA8-ACS2 + specified as a Data Set Management Command in the ATA8-ACS2 standard to carry the information related to deleted data - blocks to device, especially for SSD (Solid-State Drive) for + blocks to a device, especially for a SSD (Solid-State Drive) for optimization.</para> <para revision="221233">A new flag <option>-E</option> has - been added to &man.newfs.8; and &man.fsck.ffs.8; utilities. + been added to the &man.newfs.8; and &man.fsck.ffs.8; utilities. This clears unallocated blocks, notifying the underlying device that they are not used and that their contents may be discarded. This is useful in &man.fsck.ffs.8; for file @@ -980,18 +982,18 @@ wpi0: wpi_rx_intr: bus_dmamap_load faile filesystems which have been copied from one device to another.</para> - <para revision="221124">The &os NFS subsystem has been + <para revision="221124">The &os; NFS subsystem has been updated. The new implementation supports NFS version 4 in addition to 2 and 3. The kernel options for the NFS server and client are changed from <literal>NFSSERVER</literal> and <literal>NFSCLIENT</literal> to <literal>NFSD</literal> and <literal>NFSCL</literal>. &man.sysctl.8; variables which start with <varname>vfs.nfssrv.</varname> have been renamed - with <varname>vfs.nfsd.</varname>. The NFS server now + to <varname>vfs.nfsd.</varname>. The NFS server now supports <varname>vfs.nfsd.server_max_nfsvers</varname> and <varname>vfs.nfsd.server_min_nfsvers</varname> &man.sysctl.8; variables to specify the maximum and the - minimum version number which the server accepts. The + minimum NFS version number which the server accepts. The default value is set to <literal>3</literal> and <literal>2</literal>, respectively.</para> @@ -1008,24 +1010,24 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <programlisting>V4: /</programlisting> <para>For more information about NFSv4 and its configuration, - see &man.nfsv4.4; and &man.exports.5; manual pages.</para> + see the &man.nfsv4.4; and &man.exports.5; manual pages.</para> <para revision="221436">The &os; NFS subsystem now supports a - <option>nocto</option> mount option. This disables + <option>nocto</option> mount option. This disables the close-to-open cache coherency check at open time. This option may improve performance for read-only mounts, but - should only be used if the data on the server changes + should only be used only if the data on the server changes rarely. The &man.mount.nfs.8; utility now also supports this flag keyword.</para> <para revision="225537">A &man.loader.8; tunable <varname>vfs.typenumhash</varname> has been added and set to <literal>1</literal> by default. This enables to use a hash - calculation on file system identification number internally - used in the kernel. This fixes <quote>Stale NFS file + calculation on the file system identification number internally + used in the kernel. This fixes the <quote>Stale NFS file handle</quote> error on NFS clients when upgrading or rebuilding the kernel on the NFS server due to unexpected - change of the values.</para> + change of these identification number values.</para> <para revision="219089">The &os; ZFS subsystem has been updated to the SPA (Storage Pool Allocator, also known as @@ -1045,13 +1047,13 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <application>libm</application>.</para> <para revision="224152,224153,224154">The &man.bsdtar.1; and - &man.cpio.1; utility are now based on + &man.cpio.1; utilities are now based on <application>libarchive</application> version 2.8.4.</para> <para revision="217416">The &man.cpuset.1; utility now supports a <option>-C</option> flag to create a new cpuset and assign an existing process into that set, and an - <literal>all</literal> keyword in <option>-l + <literal>all</literal> keyword in the <option>-l <replaceable>cpu-list</replaceable></option> option to specify all CPUs in the system.</para> @@ -1062,46 +1064,46 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> behavior.</para> <para revision="217505">A bug in the &man.fetch.1; utility which - could prevent <command>STAT</command> FTP command from working + could prevent the <command>STAT</command> FTP command from working properly has been fixed.</para> <para revision="219415">The &man.gpart.8; utility now supports a - <option>-p</option> flag to <command>show</command> - subcommand. This allows to show provider's names of - partitions instead of partition's indexes.</para> + <option>-p</option> flag to the <command>show</command> + subcommand. This allows showing providers' names of + partitions instead of the partitions' indexes.</para> <para revision="218049">The &man.hastd.8; utility now drops - <literal>root</literal> privileges of the worker processes to + <literal>root</literal> privileges of the worker processes to the <literal>hast</literal> user.</para> - <para revision="219351">The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports - <literal>checksum</literal> keyword to specify checksum + <para revision="219351">The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports a + <literal>checksum</literal> keyword to specify the checksum algorithm in a <literal>resource</literal> section. As of &release.current;, <literal>none</literal>, <literal>sha256</literal>, and <literal>crc32</literal> are supported.</para> - <para revision="219354">The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports - <literal>compression</literal> keyword to specify compression + <para revision="219354">The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports a + <literal>compression</literal> keyword to specify the compression algorithm in a <literal>resource</literal> section. As of &release.current;, <literal>none</literal>, <literal>hole</literal> and <literal>lzf</literal> are supported.</para> - <para revision="219818">The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports + <para revision="219818">The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports a <literal>source</literal> keyword to specify the local address to bind to before connecting the remote &man.hastd.8 daemon.</para> <para revision="219019">An implementation of <function>iconv()</function> API libraries and utilities which - are standardized in Single UNIX Specification have been + are standardized in Single UNIX Specification has been imported. These are based on NetBSD's Citrus implementation. Note that these are not built nor installed by default. To build and install them, specify <literal>WITH_ICONV=yes</literal> in <filename>/etc/src.conf</filename> and rebuild the base system - described in <ulink + as described in the <ulink url="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html">&os; Handbook</ulink>.</para> @@ -1113,21 +1115,21 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <literal>half-duplex</literal>, and <literal>loopback</literal>, respectively.</para> - <para revision="220370">&man.readline.3; API set has been + <para revision="220370">A &man.readline.3; API set has been imported into <application>libedit</application>. This is based on NetBSD's implementation and BSD licensed utilities now use it instead of GNU <application>libreadline</application>.</para> - <para revision="224762">The &man.makefs.8; utility now supports + <para revision="224762">The &man.makefs.8; utility now supports the ISO 9660 format.</para> <para revision="220496,220497"><application>libmd</application> - and <application>libcrypt</application> now support SHA-256 - and SHA-512 algorithm.</para> + and <application>libcrypt</application> now support the SHA-256 + and SHA-512 algorithms.</para> <para revision="217642">The &man.netstat.1; utility now does not - expose internal scope address representation used in the &os; + expose the internal scope address representation used in the &os; kernel, which is derived from KAME IPv6 stack, in the results of <command>netstat -ani</command> and <command>netstat -nr</command>.</para> @@ -1155,27 +1157,27 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <command>iface name <replaceable>name</replaceable></command> and <command>iface description <replaceable>description</replaceable></command> commands. - These have the same functionalities as <literal>name</literal> - and <literal>description</literal> subcommands in the + These have the same functionalities as the <literal>name</literal> + and <literal>description</literal> subcommands of the &man.ifconfig.8; utility.</para> <para revision="219307,219713">The &man.ps.1; utility now - supports an <option>-o class</option> option to display login + supports an <option>-o class</option> option to display the login class information of each process, and <option>-o usertime</option> and <option>-o systime</option> options for accumulated system and user CPU time, respectively.</para> - <para revision="222732">The &man.rtadvd.8; daemon now supports + <para revision="222732">The &man.rtadvd.8; daemon now supports a <literal>noifprefix</literal> keyword to disable gathering on-link prefixes from interfaces when no <literal>addr</literal> keyword is specified. An entry in - <filename>rtadvd.conf</filename> with + <filename>/etc/rtadvd.conf</filename> with <literal>noifprefix</literal> and no <literal>addr</literal> generates an RA message with no prefix information option.</para> <para revision="222732,224006">The &man.rtsold.8; and - &man.rtadvd.8; daemon now support RDNSS and DNSSL option + &man.rtadvd.8; daemons now support the RDNSS and DNSSL options described in RFC 6106, <quote>IPv6 Router Advertisement Options for DNS Configuration</quote>. A &man.rtadvctl.8; utility to control the &man.rtadvd.8; daemon has been @@ -1185,14 +1187,14 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> shared objects as filters in ELF shared libraries. Both standard and auxiliary filtering have been supported. The &man.rtld.1; linker's processing of a filter defers loading a - filtee until a filter symbol is referenced unless + filtee until a filter symbol is referenced unless the <varname>LD_LOADFLTR</varname> environment variable is defined or a <literal>-z loadfltr</literal> option was specified when the filter was created.</para> <para revision="217133">A race condition in the &man.sed.1; utility has been fixed. When an <option>-i</option> option is - specified, it could cause a short time window with no file + specified, there could be a short time window with no file with the original file name.</para> <para revision="216629">The &man.sh.1; program now supports @@ -1200,22 +1202,22 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> specifying <literal>%<replaceable>job</replaceable></literal> which is equivalent to the corresponding process group. Note that this built-in command returns the exit status - <literal>2</literal> instead of <literal>1</literal> if an + <literal>2</literal> instead of <literal>1</literal> if a fatal error occurs as other built-in commands do.</para> <para revision="217176,217472">A bug in the &man.sh.1; program has been - fixed for POSIX conformance. It could return an wrong exit + fixed for POSIX conformance. It could return an incorrect exit status when an <command>exit</command> command with no parameter is specified in the <literal>EXIT trap</literal> handler, which is triggered when the shell terminates. - In trap actions for other signals, <command>exit</command> + In trap actions for other signals, an <command>exit</command> command with no parameter returns an exit status corresponding to the received signal.</para> <para revision="217557">A bug in the &man.sh.1; program has been fixed. When a foreground job exits on a signal, a message is printed to <filename>stdout</filename> about this. The buffer - was not flushed after this which could result in the message + was not flushed after printing which could result in the message being written to the wrong file if the next command was a built-in and had <filename>stdout</filename> redirected.</para> @@ -1223,15 +1225,15 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <option>--</option> flag in <command>trap</command> command to stop the option processing.</para> - <para revision="217206"><literal>%builtin</literal> keyword - support in <varname>$PATH</varname> variable has been removed - in the &man.sh.1; program. All built-in commands are always + <para revision="217206">The <literal>%builtin</literal> keyword + support in the <varname>$PATH</varname> variable has been removed + from the &man.sh.1; program. All built-in commands are always found before looking up directories in <varname>$PATH</varname>.</para> <para revision="218466">Arithmetic expression handling code in the &man.sh.1; program has been updated by importing code from - <application>dash</application>. It now supports conditional + <application>dash</application>. It now supports the conditional operator (<literal>?:</literal>) and a bug in evaluation of && and || around an arithmetic expression has been fixed.</para> @@ -1254,7 +1256,7 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> when a login daemon crashes or fails to remove the entry during shutdown.</para> - <para revision="224171">The &man.zpool.8: utility now supports + <para revision="224171">The &man.zpool.8: utility now supports a <command>zpool labelclear</command> command. This allows to wipe the label data from a drive that is not active in a pool.</para> @@ -1298,27 +1300,26 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <para revision="219557"><application>gdtoa</application>, a set of binary from/to decimal number conversion routines used in - &os; <application>libc</application> library has been updated + &os;'s <application>libc</application> library has been updated to a snapshot as of 4 March, 2011.</para> <para revision="222906">The <application>LESS</application> program has been updated to version v444.</para> <para revision="208954">The <application>LLVM</application> - compiler infrastructure and the + compiler infrastructure and <application>clang</application>, a C language family front-end, version 3.0 have been imported. Note that it is not - used for building the &os; base system. In &os; build + used for building the &os; base system by default. In the &os; build infrastructure, the &man.clang.1;, &man.clang...1;, and &man.clang-cpp.1; utilities can be used in <varname>CC</varname>, <varname>CXX</varname>, and <varname>CPP</varname> &man.make.1; variables, respectively.</para> - <para revision="219734">The - <application>openresolv</application> version 3.4.4 has been - imported. The &man.resolvconf.8; utility now handles - &man.resolv.conf.5; file.</para> + <para revision="219734"><application>Openresolv</application> + version 3.4.4 has been imported. The &man.resolvconf.8; + utility now manages the &man.resolv.conf.5; file.</para> <para revision="221484,224638">The <application>OpenSSH</application> utility has been updated to @@ -1329,14 +1330,14 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <para revision="223637">The <application>pf</application> packet filter has been updated to version 4.5.</para> - <para revision="223067">The <application>sendmail</application> + <para revision="223067"><application>sendmail</application> has been updated to version 8.14.5.</para> <para revision="226750">The <application>timezone</application> database has been updated to the <application>tzdata2011m</application> release.</para> - <para revision="217698">&man.unifdef.1; utility has been updated + <para revision="217698">The &man.unifdef.1; utility has been updated to version 2.5.6.</para> <para revision="223935">The <application>xz</application> @@ -1349,7 +1350,7 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <para revision="218799">A new installer &man.bsdinstall.8; has been added and integrated into installation ISO images. The - &man.sysinstall.8; utility is also available for settings + &man.sysinstall.8; utility is also available for configuration after the installation.</para> <para>The supported version of @@ -1363,7 +1364,7 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title> <sect2> - <title>Upgrading using freebsd-update(8) or source-based + <title>Upgrading using freebsd-update(8) or a source-based procedure</title> <para arch="amd64,i386">Beginning with &os; 6.2-RELEASE, @@ -1396,7 +1397,7 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <para>This section describes notable incompatibilities which you might want to know before upgrading your system. - <emphasis>Please read this section and <ulink + <emphasis>Please read this section and the <ulink url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/9.0R/errata.html">Errata document</ulink> carefully before submitting a problem report and/or posting a question to the FreeBSD mailing @@ -1405,15 +1406,15 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <sect3> <title>Update of <literal>dialog</literal></title> - <para>The <literal>dialog</literal> library is used in &os; - new installer and &os; Ports Collection to display a dialog + <para>The <literal>dialog</literal> library is used in &os;'s + new installer and the &os; Ports Collection to display a dialog window and allow users to select various options. Note that - it is updated in &release.current; and there is several - differences in the key operation which might confuse users + it is updated in &release.current; and there are several + differences in key operations which might confuse users who are familiar with releases prior to &release.current;. - For example, pushing enter key in a check list window is no - longer able to be used to check an item. The new version - consistently supports space bar for selecting an item and + For example, pushing the enter key in a checklist window will + no longer check an item. The new version + consistently uses space bar for selecting an item and the enter key for OK/Cancel selection.</para> </sect3> @@ -1421,10 +1422,10 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <title>Partition Metadata Integrity Check</title> <para>&os; now checks the integrity of partition metadata when - a partition table is found on a disk though GEOM + a partition table is found on a disk though the GEOM <application>PART</application> subsystem. This detection is automatically performed when a disk device is ready. - GEOM <application>PART</application> class in the kernel + The GEOM <application>PART</application> class in the kernel verifies all generic partition parameters obtained from the disk metadata, and if some inconsistency is detected, the partition table will be rejected with the following @@ -1434,7 +1435,7 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <para>This integrity check is enabled by default. On a system prior to &release.current;, the inconsistencies were - silently ignored. Therefore, there is possibility that this + silently ignored. Therefore, there is a possibility that this prevents a system from booting after upgrading it to &release.current;. More specifically, the kernel cannot mount the system partition at boot time in some @@ -1449,11 +1450,10 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> <userinput>boot</userinput></screen> <para>These commands temporarily disable the integrity check. - If it was the cause, the &os; kernel should detect the - partitions after entering the commands as the prior release - did. This configuration can be added into - <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> like the - following:</para> + If it was the cause of the boot failure, the &os; kernel should detect the + partitions as the prior release + did, after entering the commands. This configuration can be added into + <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> as follows:</para> <programlisting>kern.geom.part.check_integrity="0"</programlisting> @@ -1465,23 +1465,23 @@ nfsuserd_enable="YES"</programlisting> => 63 1953525104 mirror/gm0 MBR (931G) [CORRUPT] 63 1953525105 1 freebsd [active] (931G)</screen> - <para>For more information, see &man.gpart.8; manual page.</para> + <para>For more information, see the &man.gpart.8; manual page.</para> </sect3> <sect3> <title>ATA/SATA subsystem now &man.cam.4;-based</title> - <para>In &release.current;, &os; ATA/SATA disk subsystem has + <para>In &release.current;, the &os; ATA/SATA disk subsystem has been replaced with a new &man.cam.4;-based implementation. - The &man.cam.4; stands for Common Access Method, which is an - implementation of API set originally for SCSI-2 and + &man.cam.4; stands for Common Access Method, which is an + implementation of an API set originally for SCSI-2 and standardized as "SCSI-2 Common Access Method Transport and - SCSI Interface Module". &os; has used &man.cam.4; subsystem + SCSI Interface Module". &os; has used the &man.cam.4; subsystem to handle SCSI devices since 3.X.</para> *** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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