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Date:      Tue, 19 May 2026 14:25:09 +0000
From:      Mitchell Horne <mhorne@FreeBSD.org>
To:        doc-committers@FreeBSD.org, dev-commits-doc-all@FreeBSD.org
Subject:   git: 936011df3b - main - dev-handbook: Split x86 assembly chapter into new article
Message-ID:  <6a0c72c5.3eb02.10e2af81@gitrepo.freebsd.org>

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The branch main has been updated by mhorne:

URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=936011df3b9c8d70cfab0cbca8b82225d4531667

commit 936011df3b9c8d70cfab0cbca8b82225d4531667
Author:     Mitchell Horne <mhorne@FreeBSD.org>
AuthorDate: 2026-05-19 14:13:46 +0000
Commit:     Mitchell Horne <mhorne@FreeBSD.org>
CommitDate: 2026-05-19 14:13:46 +0000

    dev-handbook: Split x86 assembly chapter into new article
    
    The content of this chapter is niche, and has not been significantly
    altered since its initial authorship in 2001. Still, it contains highly
    detailed information that is still accurate on a largely
    undocumented/esoteric topic. Therefore, it is worth preserving.
    
    Move this to a standalone article. This allows us to continue publishing
    it while removing any expectation that the text should evolve or stay
    up-to-date.
    
    Discussed with: ziaee, carlavilla
    Reviewed by:    emaste (previous version)
    Sponsored by:   The FreeBSD Foundation
    Differential Revision:  https://reviews.freebsd.org/D45961
---
 .../x86 => articles/x86-assembly}/_index.adoc      | 19 +++++--------
 .../content/de/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc |  6 +----
 .../de/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc       |  8 +++---
 .../de/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc        | 12 ---------
 .../x86 => articles/x86-assembly}/_index.adoc      | 22 +++++----------
 .../content/en/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc |  6 +----
 .../en/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc       |  8 +++---
 .../en/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc        | 12 ---------
 .../x86 => articles/x86-assembly}/_index.adoc      | 15 +++--------
 .../content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc |  6 +----
 .../ru/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc       | 10 +++----
 .../ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc        | 12 ---------
 .../content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.po  | 31 ----------------------
 .../x86 => articles/x86-assembly}/_index.adoc      | 19 +++++--------
 .../zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc      |  6 +----
 .../zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc    |  6 ++---
 .../zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc     | 12 ---------
 17 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 166 deletions(-)

diff --git a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/de/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
similarity index 99%
rename from documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
rename to documentation/content/de/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
index f84a8c7881..0a3aa3831a 100644
--- a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/de/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
@@ -1,26 +1,21 @@
 ---
-title: Kapitel 11. x86-Assembler-Programmierung
-prev: books/developers-handbook/partiv
-next: books/developers-handbook/partv
-showBookMenu: true
-weight: 15
-params:
-  path: "/books/developers-handbook/x86/"
+title: x86-Assembler-Programmierung
+authors:
+  - author: Adam Stanislav
+    email: adam@redprince.net
+description: A tutorial on writing programs for FreeBSD in x86 assembly language
+tags: ["x86", "assembly", "programming", "guide"]
 ---
 
-[[x86]]
 = x86-Assembler-Programmierung
-:doctype: book
+:doctype: article
 :toc: macro
 :toclevels: 1
 :icons: font
 :sectnums:
 :sectnumlevels: 6
-:sectnumoffset: 11
-:partnums:
 :source-highlighter: rouge
 :experimental:
-:images-path: books/developers-handbook/
 
 ifdef::env-beastie[]
 ifdef::backend-html5[]
diff --git a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc b/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
index 608d906dad..45ccaf8dcd 100644
--- a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
@@ -76,10 +76,6 @@ include::{chapters-path}partiii.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}kernelbuild/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 include::{chapters-path}kerneldebug/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 
-// Section four
-include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
-include::{chapters-path}x86/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
 // Appendices
-include::{chapters-path}partv.adoc[]
+include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}bibliography/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
diff --git a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc b/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
index e26aba7f72..7cdae2d878 100644
--- a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 ---
-title: Teil IV. Architekturen
+title: Teil V. Anhang
 prev: books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug
-next: books/developers-handbook/x86
+next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
 showBookMenu: true
 weight: 14
 params:
   path: "/books/developers-handbook/partiv/"
 ---
 
-[[architectures]]
-= Architekturen
+[[appendices]]
+= Anhang
diff --git a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc b/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
deleted file mode 100644
index 68c3358a52..0000000000
--- a/documentation/content/de/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Teil V. Anhang
-prev: books/developers-handbook/x86
-next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
-showBookMenu: true
-weight: 16
-params:
-  path: "/books/developers-handbook/partv/"
----
-
-[[appendices]]
-= Anhang
diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
similarity index 99%
rename from documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
rename to documentation/content/en/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
index b0ca446359..73e34b3817 100644
--- a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/en/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
@@ -1,29 +1,21 @@
 ---
-title: Chapter 11. x86 Assembly Language Programming
+title: x86 Assembly Language Programming
 authors:
-prev: books/developers-handbook/partiv
-next: books/developers-handbook/partv
-description: x86 Assembly Language Programming
-tags: ["x86", "guide"]
-showBookMenu: true
-weight: 15
-params:
-  path: "/books/developers-handbook/x86/"
+  - author: Adam Stanislav
+    email: adam@redprince.net
+description: A tutorial on writing programs for FreeBSD in x86 assembly language
+tags: ["x86", "assembly", "programming", "guide"]
 ---
 
-[[x86]]
 = x86 Assembly Language Programming
-:doctype: book
+:doctype: article
 :toc: macro
 :toclevels: 1
 :icons: font
 :sectnums:
 :sectnumlevels: 6
-:sectnumoffset: A
-:partnums:
 :source-highlighter: rouge
 :experimental:
-:images-path: books/developers-handbook/
 
 ifdef::env-beastie[]
 ifdef::backend-html5[]
@@ -4303,7 +4295,7 @@ Of course, creative people often break rules, and it is OK as long as they know
 
 This tutorial would never have been possible without the help of many experienced FreeBSD programmers from the {freebsd-hackers}, many of whom have patiently answered my questions, and pointed me in the right direction in my attempts to explore the inner workings of UNIX(R) system programming in general and FreeBSD in particular.
 
-Thomas M. Sommers opened the door for me .
+Thomas M. Sommers opened the door for me.
 His https://web.archive.org/web/20090914064615/http://www.codebreakers-journal.com/content/view/262/27[How do I write "Hello, world" in FreeBSD assembler?] web page was my first encounter with an example of assembly language programming under FreeBSD.
 
 Jake Burkholder has kept the door open by willingly answering all of my questions and supplying me with example assembly language source code.
diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
index 510467b290..e22d612f04 100644
--- a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
@@ -78,10 +78,6 @@ include::{chapters-path}partiii.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}kernelbuild/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 include::{chapters-path}kerneldebug/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 
-// Section four
-include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
-include::{chapters-path}x86/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
 // Appendices
-include::{chapters-path}partv.adoc[]
+include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}bibliography/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
index 595433fd21..25abbe3b96 100644
--- a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 ---
-title: Part IV. Architectures
+title: Part IV. Appendices
 prev: books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug
-next: books/developers-handbook/x86
+next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
 showBookMenu: true
 weight: 14
 params:
   path: "/books/developers-handbook/partiv/"
 ---
 
-[[architectures]]
-= Architectures
+[[appendices]]
+= Appendices
diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
deleted file mode 100644
index 243de5dda1..0000000000
--- a/documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Part V. Appendices
-prev: books/developers-handbook/x86
-next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
-showBookMenu: true
-weight: 16
-params:
-  path: "/books/developers-handbook/partv/"
----
-
-[[appendices]]
-= Appendices
diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
similarity index 99%
rename from documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
rename to documentation/content/ru/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
index d6f953e4c6..a7222e861b 100644
--- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/ru/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
@@ -1,29 +1,20 @@
 ---
+title: 'Программирование на языке ассемблера для x86'
 authors: ~
 description: 'Программирование на ассемблере x86'
-next: books/developers-handbook/partv
-params:
-  path: /books/developers-handbook/x86/
-prev: books/developers-handbook/partiv
-showBookMenu: 'true'
-tags: ["x86", "guide"]
-title: 'Глава 11. Программирование на языке ассемблера для x86'
-weight: 15
+tags: ["x86", "assembly", "programming", "guide"]
 ---
 
 [[x86]]
 = Программирование на ассемблере x86
-:doctype: book
+:doctype: article
 :toc: macro
 :toclevels: 1
 :icons: font
 :sectnums:
 :sectnumlevels: 6
-:sectnumoffset: A
-:partnums:
 :source-highlighter: rouge
 :experimental:
-:images-path: books/developers-handbook/
 
 ifdef::env-beastie[]
 ifdef::backend-html5[]
diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
index 0f1aa9b9bf..ad0c676aa6 100644
--- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
@@ -75,10 +75,6 @@ include::{chapters-path}partiii.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}kernelbuild/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 include::{chapters-path}kerneldebug/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 
-// Section four
-include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
-include::{chapters-path}x86/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
 // Appendices
-include::{chapters-path}partv.adoc[]
+include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}bibliography/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
index 5ebf4f121c..c4af681fbe 100644
--- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 ---
-next: books/developers-handbook/x86
+next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
 params:
   path: /books/developers-handbook/partiv/
 prev: books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug
 showBookMenu: 'true'
-title: 'Часть IV. Архитектуры'
-weight: 14
+title: 'Часть IV. Приложения'
+weight: 16
 ---
 
-[[architectures]]
-= Архитектуры
+[[appendices]]
+= Приложения
diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
deleted file mode 100644
index dadc6c04d0..0000000000
--- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
----
-next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
-params:
-  path: /books/developers-handbook/partv/
-prev: books/developers-handbook/x86
-showBookMenu: 'true'
-title: 'Часть V. Приложения'
-weight: 16
----
-
-[[appendices]]
-= Приложения
diff --git a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.po b/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.po
deleted file mode 100644
index 139f90dcec..0000000000
--- a/documentation/content/ru/books/developers-handbook/partv.po
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
-# Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project
-# This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package.
-# Vladlen Popolitov <vladlenpopolitov@list.ru>, 2025.
-msgid ""
-msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-05-01 19:56-0300\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-06-07 17:10+0000\n"
-"Last-Translator: Vladlen Popolitov <vladlenpopolitov@list.ru>\n"
-"Language-Team: Russian <https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/projects/"
-"documentation/booksdevelopers-handbookpartv/ru/>\n"
-"Language: ru\n"
-"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
-"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && "
-"n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;\n"
-"X-Generator: Weblate 4.17\n"
-
-#. type: YAML Front Matter: title
-#: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc:1
-#, no-wrap
-msgid "Part V. Appendices"
-msgstr "Часть V. Приложения"
-
-#. type: Title =
-#: documentation/content/en/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc:12
-#, no-wrap
-msgid "Appendices"
-msgstr "Приложения"
diff --git a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/zh-tw/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
similarity index 99%
rename from documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
rename to documentation/content/zh-tw/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
index 0e00b56910..0744419586 100644
--- a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/x86/_index.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/zh-tw/articles/x86-assembly/_index.adoc
@@ -1,26 +1,21 @@
 ---
-title: 章 11. x86 Assembly Language Programming
-prev: books/developers-handbook/partiv
-next: books/developers-handbook/partv
-showBookMenu: true
-weight: 15
-params:
-  path: "/books/developers-handbook/x86/"
+title: x86 Assembly Language Programming
+authors:
+  - author: Adam Stanislav
+    email: adam@redprince.net
+description: A tutorial on writing programs for FreeBSD in x86 assembly language
+tags: ["x86", "assembly", "programming", "guide"]
 ---
 
-[[x86]]
 = x86 Assembly Language Programming
-:doctype: book
+:doctype: article
 :toc: macro
 :toclevels: 1
 :icons: font
 :sectnums:
 :sectnumlevels: 6
-:sectnumoffset: 11
-:partnums:
 :source-highlighter: rouge
 :experimental:
-:images-path: books/developers-handbook/
 
 ifdef::env-beastie[]
 ifdef::backend-html5[]
diff --git a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc b/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
index 104ff4e8a8..804d2ee11a 100644
--- a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/book.adoc
@@ -73,10 +73,6 @@ include::{chapters-path}partiii.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}kernelbuild/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 include::{chapters-path}kerneldebug/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
 
-// Section four
-include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
-include::{chapters-path}x86/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
 // Appendices
-include::{chapters-path}partv.adoc[]
+include::{chapters-path}partiv.adoc[]
 include::{chapters-path}bibliography/_index.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
diff --git a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc b/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
index 36af2fb312..61faa8a6d9 100644
--- a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partiv.adoc
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 ---
 title: Part IV. Architekturen
 prev: books/developers-handbook/kerneldebug
-next: books/developers-handbook/x86
+next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
 showBookMenu: true
 weight: 14
 params:
   path: "/books/developers-handbook/partiv/"
 ---
 
-[[architectures]]
-= Architectures(電腦架構)
+[[appendices]]
+= Appendices
diff --git a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc b/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
deleted file mode 100644
index 243de5dda1..0000000000
--- a/documentation/content/zh-tw/books/developers-handbook/partv.adoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Part V. Appendices
-prev: books/developers-handbook/x86
-next: books/developers-handbook/bibliography
-showBookMenu: true
-weight: 16
-params:
-  path: "/books/developers-handbook/partv/"
----
-
-[[appendices]]
-= Appendices


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