Date: Sun, 23 Jun 1996 12:31:00 -0600 From: Sean Kelly <kelly@fsl.noaa.gov> To: doc@freebsd.org Subject: Updates to printing.sgml Message-ID: <199606231830.SAA02226@gatekeeper.fsl.noaa.gov>
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Here are some diffs for printing.sgml that correct a spelling error,
describe the new bps rates suported by LPD, and (much more
importantly) document the new termios/stty-like tty modes for LPD
added by Sean Eric Fagan.
I diff'ed my version with that from the latest version in CVS from
this morning. Of course I'd like to hear your comments on these
changes!
--- /tmp/printing.sgml Sun Jun 23 11:55:54 1996
+++ printing.sgml Sun Jun 23 11:56:21 1996
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
In order to use printers with FreeBSD, you will need to set
them up to work with the Berkeley line printer spooling
- system, also known as the LPD spooling system. It iss the
+ system, also known as the LPD spooling system. It is the
standard printer control system in FreeBSD. This section
introduces the LPD spooling system, often simply called LPD.
@@ -851,10 +851,18 @@
<tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file using the <tt/lp/
capability.
- In our running example, let us assume that <tt/rattan/ is
- on the first parallel port, and <tt/bamboo/ is on a
- sixth serial port; here are the additions to
- <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>:
+ LPD opens the device in the <tt/lp/ capability in
+ write-only mode. To enable the spooling system to also
+ read data from the printer, specify the <tt/rw/
+ capability.
+
+ In our running example, let us assume that <tt/rattan/
+ is on the first parallel port, and <tt/bamboo/ is on a
+ sixth serial port. Also, because <tt/rattan/ is a
+ PostScript printer and is capable of producing status
+ messages, we want to open the port in both <em/read and
+ write/ mode by using the <tt/rw/ capability. Here are
+ the additions to <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>:
<code>
#
# /etc/printcap for host rose - identified what devices to use
@@ -865,7 +873,7 @@
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:
</code>
If you do not specify the <tt/lp/ capability for a
@@ -905,50 +913,40 @@
Sets the communications speed of the device to
<it/bps-rate/, where <it/bps-rate/ can be 50, 75,
110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400,
- 4800, 9600, 19200, or 38400 bits-per-second.
-
- <tag/<tt>fc#<it/clear-bits/</tt>/
-
- Clears the flag bits <it/clear-bits/ in the
- <tt/sgttyb/ structure after opening the device.
-
- <tag/<tt>fs#<it/set-bits/</tt>/
+ 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200
+ bits-per-second.
- Sets the flag bits <it/set-bits/ in the <tt/sgttyb/
- structure.
+ <tag/<tt>ms=<it/stty-modes/</tt>/
- <tag/<tt>xc#<it/clear-bits/</tt>/
+ Sets termios communications parameters using a
+ comma-separated list of identifiers compatible with
+ the stty command. See the termios(4) and the
+ stty(1) manual pages for more information.
- Clears local mode bits <it/clear-bits/ after opening
- the device.
-
- <tag/<tt>xs#<it/set-bits/</tt>/
-
- Sets local mode bits <it/set-bits/.
</descrip>
- For more information on the bits for the <tt/fc/,
- <tt/fs/, <tt/xc/, and <tt/xs/ capabilities, see the file
- <tt>/usr/include/sys/ioctl_compat.h</tt>.
-
- When LPD opens the device specified by the <tt/lp/
- capability, it reads the flag bits in the <tt/sgttyb/
- structure; it clears any bits in the <tt/fc/ capability,
- then sets bits in the <tt/fs/ capability, then applies
- the resultant setting. It does the same for the local
- mode bits as well.
+ You use these two capabilities to set up all of a serial
+ device's communications parameters. First, LPD sets the
+ bps rate with the number you specify in the <tt/br/
+ capability. Then, starting with the device's current
+ parameters as a default, it sets the options you specify
+ in the <tt/ms/ capability.
Let us add to our example printer on the sixth serial
- port. We will set the bps rate to 38400. For the flag
- bits, we will set the TANDEM, ANYP, LITOUT, FLUSHO, and
- PASS8 flags. For the local mode bits, we will set the
- LITOUT and PASS8 flags:
+ port. We will set the bps rate to 38400. We will set the
+ communications parameters to 8 bits, 1 stop bit, and no
+ parity. We will use XON/XOFF (software) flow control on a
+ local line without modem control and enable the
+ receiver. We will not post-process the output. We will not
+ echo any character received from the printer as that will
+ definitely corrupt the printouts.
+
<tscreen><verb>
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000c1:xs#0x820:
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:
</verb></tscreen>
-
<sect3><heading>Installing the Text Filter<label
id="printing:textfilter"></heading>
@@ -1011,7 +1009,8 @@
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:\
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
:if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:
</code>
@@ -1158,9 +1157,10 @@
<item>Have FreeBSD's serial line driver
automatically convert LF to CR+LF. Of course,
this works with printers on serial ports
- <em/only/. To enable this feature, set the
- CRMOD bit in <tt/fs/ capability in the
- <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file for the printer.
+ <em/only/. To enable this feature, add the
+ <tt/opost/ and <tt/onlcr/ options to the <tt/ms/
+ capability in in the entry for the printer in
+ the <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
<item>Send an <em/escape code/ to the printer to
have it temporarily treat LF characters
@@ -1238,25 +1238,35 @@
The problem is that the printer cannot keep up with
the speed at which the computer sends data over a
serial line. (This problem should not occur with
- printers on parallel ports.) There are two ways to
- overcome the problem:
+ printers on parallel ports.) If the printer
+ supports some kind of data <em/flow control/, have
+ FreeBSD use it:
<itemize>
- <item>If the printer supports XON/XOFF flow
- control, have FreeBSD use it by specifying the
- TANDEM bit in the <tt/fs/ capability.
+ <item>If the printer supports XON/XOFF (software)
+ flow control, specify the <tt/ixon/ and
+ <tt/ixoff/ options in the <tt/ms/ capability in
+ the entry for the printer in the
+ <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
+
+ <item>If the printer supports RTS/CTS flow
+ control, specify the <tt/crtscts/ option in the
+ <tt/ms/ capability.
+
+ <item>If the printer supports DSR flow control,
+ specify the <tt/dsrflow/ option in the <tt/ms/
+ capability.
<item>If the printer supports carrier flow
- control, specify the MDMBUF bit in the <tt/fs/
- capability. Make sure the cable connecting the
- printer to the computer is correctly wired for
- carrier flow control.
-
- <item>If the printer does not support any flow
- control, use some combination of the NLDELAY,
- TBDELAY, CRDELAY, VTDELAY, and BSDELAY bits in
- the <tt/fs/ capability to add appropriate delays
- to the stream of data sent to the printer.
+ control, specify the <tt/mdmbuf/ option in the
+ <tt/ms/ capability.
</itemize>
+
+ For the last three flow control options, make sure
+ the cable connecting the printer to the computer is
+ correctly wired.
+
+ If the printer has no flow control feature, try
+ using a lower bps rate.
<tag/It printed garbage./
@@ -1266,10 +1276,9 @@
This is usually another symptom of incorrect
communications parameters with a serial printer.
Double-check the bps rate in the <tt/br/ capability,
- and the parity bits in the <tt/fs/ and <tt/fc/
- capabilities; make sure the printer is using the
- same settings as specified in the
- <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
+ and the parity options in the <tt/ms/ capability;
+ make sure the printer is using the same settings as
+ specified in the <tt>/etc/printcap</tt> file.
<tag/Nothing happened./
@@ -2323,7 +2332,8 @@
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
</code>
@@ -3321,7 +3331,8 @@
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
</code>
@@ -3393,7 +3404,8 @@
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
</code>
@@ -3451,7 +3463,8 @@
#
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:mx#5000:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:\
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
</code>
@@ -3524,7 +3537,8 @@
<tscreen><verb>
bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\
:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:mx#5000:\
- :lp=/dev/ttyd5:fs#0x82000e1:xs#0x820:rw:mx#5000:\
+ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:rw:\
+ :ms=cs8,-cstopb,-parenb,ixon,ixoff,cread,clocal,-opost,-echo,-echonl:\
:if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\
:df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:
</verb></tscreen>
--
Sean Kelly
NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory kelly@fsl.noaa.gov
Boulder Colorado USA http://www-sdd.fsl.noaa.gov/~kelly/
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