Date: Mon, 08 Apr 2002 14:43:50 -0700 From: Lars Eggert <larse@ISI.EDU> To: Julian Elischer <julian@elischer.org> Cc: "Rogier R. Mulhuijzen" <drwilco@drwilco.net>, mgt@hytekblue.com, freebsd-net@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: IPsec tunnel mode Message-ID: <3CB20F16.3000904@isi.edu> References: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0204081425380.52929-100000@InterJet.elischer.org>
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This is a cryptographically signed message in MIME format. --------------ms040708090607080308090405 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Julian Elischer wrote: > Assign the required address to the netgraph interface and then > use the IP-over-UDP example in the netgraph examples. Good idea. IP-over-UDP has advantages when it comes to firewall- and NAT-traversal. IP-over-IP has the advantage that it looks like IPsec tunnel mode on the wire and to the receiver, so it can interoperate. > On Mon, 8 Apr 2002, Lars Eggert wrote: > > >>Rogier R. Mulhuijzen wrote: >> >> http://www.x-itec.de/projects/tuts/ipsec-howto.txt >> > >> > Unfortunately this howto, like any other mention of IPsec & >> > tunneling on the net uses the gif interface. Which is IPoverIP, and >> > this does not seem to match with IPsec tunnel devices. >> >>There are no IPsec tunnel devices in KAME. IPsec defines "security >>associations" (SAs), which are not represented as devices in the routing >>table in KAME. Thus, you can't use routes to direct traffic into these >>tunnel mode SAs, you need to set up your security policies with the >>correct selectors (think firewall-like matching). >> >>*Many* tutorials on the net do not understand this disctinction, and >>tell you to set up an IPIP tunnel (using a gif) and an IPsec tunnel >>mode SA in parallel. This is a bad hack, since you (ab)use a side effect >>of creating an IPIP tunnel device (it can be used for route entries) to >>redirect traffic into your (separate) tunnel mode SA. Very roughly, you >>set up the IPIP tunnel, then yank out the packets destined for it during >>outbound processing and force them over an IPsec tunnel mode SA. >> >>Use EITHER IPsec tunnel mode alone OR IPIP tunnels and IP transport >>mode (draft-touch-ipsec-vpn). Mixing both can work in some scenarios >>where the dependencies between side effects are just right, but in >>general, it's a broken approach. >> >>Lars >>-- >>Lars Eggert <larse@isi.edu> Information Sciences Institute >>http://www.isi.edu/larse/ University of Southern California >> > -- Lars Eggert <larse@isi.edu> Information Sciences Institute http://www.isi.edu/larse/ University of Southern California --------------ms040708090607080308090405 Content-Type: application/x-pkcs7-signature; name="smime.p7s" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="smime.p7s" Content-Description: S/MIME Cryptographic Signature MIAGCSqGSIb3DQEHAqCAMIACAQExCzAJBgUrDgMCGgUAMIAGCSqGSIb3DQEHAQAAoIIInzCC ArUwggIeoAMCAQICAwWBRzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQIFADCBkjELMAkGA1UEBhMCWkExFTATBgNV BAgTDFdlc3Rlcm4gQ2FwZTESMBAGA1UEBxMJQ2FwZSBUb3duMQ8wDQYDVQQKEwZUaGF3dGUx HTAbBgNVBAsTFENlcnRpZmljYXRlIFNlcnZpY2VzMSgwJgYDVQQDEx9QZXJzb25hbCBGcmVl bWFpbCBSU0EgMjAwMC44LjMwMB4XDTAxMDgyNDE2NDAwMFoXDTAyMDgyNDE2NDAwMFowVDEP MA0GA1UEBBMGRWdnZXJ0MQ0wCwYDVQQqEwRMYXJzMRQwEgYDVQQDEwtMYXJzIEVnZ2VydDEc MBoGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYNbGFyc2VAaXNpLmVkdTCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOBjQAwgYkC gYEA0AvLBsD78nxcUHeHkaMgl3b4qYPnfgbf8Lh+HQP8RgGMRG/Yb+vTpkGezlwt9pkJxiD1 1uZDy4CNNJUu3gKxKSb+zRV70O+lkwwftuHoLHoH4xwo3LcQ2LGDpd+I95tUN4dfJ3TmeEcU SF50dC/SuUI4w8AlhXQ8IxrhgdayTpECAwEAAaNWMFQwKgYFK2UBBAEEITAfAgEAMBowGAIB BAQTTDJ1TXlmZkJOVWJOSkpjZFoyczAYBgNVHREEETAPgQ1sYXJzZUBpc2kuZWR1MAwGA1Ud EwEB/wQCMAAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQECBQADgYEAheZhn0pQA8zI7U2K1ZIAl11j0a1DKxnp3GtT vOUrGRB3WvYxidvdZ1kizhEsWeXU81TkNDH0DaRqtOEeu6Q2OhB+jeKEqY7IDAJE4/fI0e+d 6PnG1hd+vEvYmsKHkmzBhPc94XUOKNWO+qVNP2NGyNI3QIDy5wX4fdcOo1S34r4wggK1MIIC HqADAgECAgMFgUcwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQECBQAwgZIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlpBMRUwEwYDVQQIEwxX ZXN0ZXJuIENhcGUxEjAQBgNVBAcTCUNhcGUgVG93bjEPMA0GA1UEChMGVGhhd3RlMR0wGwYD VQQLExRDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZSBTZXJ2aWNlczEoMCYGA1UEAxMfUGVyc29uYWwgRnJlZW1haWwg UlNBIDIwMDAuOC4zMDAeFw0wMTA4MjQxNjQwMDBaFw0wMjA4MjQxNjQwMDBaMFQxDzANBgNV BAQTBkVnZ2VydDENMAsGA1UEKhMETGFyczEUMBIGA1UEAxMLTGFycyBFZ2dlcnQxHDAaBgkq hkiG9w0BCQEWDWxhcnNlQGlzaS5lZHUwgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBANAL ywbA+/J8XFB3h5GjIJd2+KmD534G3/C4fh0D/EYBjERv2G/r06ZBns5cLfaZCcYg9dbmQ8uA jTSVLt4CsSkm/s0Ve9DvpZMMH7bh6Cx6B+McKNy3ENixg6XfiPebVDeHXyd05nhHFEhedHQv 0rlCOMPAJYV0PCMa4YHWsk6RAgMBAAGjVjBUMCoGBStlAQQBBCEwHwIBADAaMBgCAQQEE0wy dU15ZmZCTlViTkpKY2RaMnMwGAYDVR0RBBEwD4ENbGFyc2VAaXNpLmVkdTAMBgNVHRMBAf8E AjAAMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAgUAA4GBAIXmYZ9KUAPMyO1NitWSAJddY9GtQysZ6dxrU7zlKxkQ d1r2MYnb3WdZIs4RLFnl1PNU5DQx9A2karThHrukNjoQfo3ihKmOyAwCROP3yNHvnej5xtYX frxL2JrCh5JswYT3PeF1DijVjvqlTT9jRsjSN0CA8ucF+H3XDqNUt+K+MIIDKTCCApKgAwIB AgIBDDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADCB0TELMAkGA1UEBhMCWkExFTATBgNVBAgTDFdlc3Rlcm4g Q2FwZTESMBAGA1UEBxMJQ2FwZSBUb3duMRowGAYDVQQKExFUaGF3dGUgQ29uc3VsdGluZzEo MCYGA1UECxMfQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbiBTZXJ2aWNlcyBEaXZpc2lvbjEkMCIGA1UEAxMbVGhh d3RlIFBlcnNvbmFsIEZyZWVtYWlsIENBMSswKQYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhxwZXJzb25hbC1mcmVl bWFpbEB0aGF3dGUuY29tMB4XDTAwMDgzMDAwMDAwMFoXDTAyMDgyOTIzNTk1OVowgZIxCzAJ BgNVBAYTAlpBMRUwEwYDVQQIEwxXZXN0ZXJuIENhcGUxEjAQBgNVBAcTCUNhcGUgVG93bjEP MA0GA1UEChMGVGhhd3RlMR0wGwYDVQQLExRDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZSBTZXJ2aWNlczEoMCYGA1UE AxMfUGVyc29uYWwgRnJlZW1haWwgUlNBIDIwMDAuOC4zMDCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOB jQAwgYkCgYEA3jMypmPHCSVFPtJueCdngcXaiBmClw7jRCmKYzUqbXA8+tyu9+50bzC8M5B/ +TRxoKNtmPHDT6Jl2w36S/HW3WGl+YXNVZo1Gp2Sdagnrthy+boC9tewkd4c6avgGAOofENC UFGHgzzwObSbVIoTh/+zm51JZgAtCYnslGvpoWkCAwEAAaNOMEwwKQYDVR0RBCIwIKQeMBwx GjAYBgNVBAMTEVByaXZhdGVMYWJlbDEtMjk3MBIGA1UdEwEB/wQIMAYBAf8CAQAwCwYDVR0P BAQDAgEGMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBAUAA4GBAHMbbyZli/8VNEtZYortRL5Jx+gNu4+5DWomKmKE H7iHY3QcbbfPGlORS+HN5jjZ7VD0Omw0kqzmkpxuwSMBwgmn70uuct0GZ/VQby5YuLYLwVBX tewc1+8XttWIm7eiiBrtOVs5fTT8tpYYJU1q9J3Fw5EvqZa4BTxS/N3pYgNIMYICpjCCAqIC AQEwgZowgZIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlpBMRUwEwYDVQQIEwxXZXN0ZXJuIENhcGUxEjAQBgNVBAcT CUNhcGUgVG93bjEPMA0GA1UEChMGVGhhd3RlMR0wGwYDVQQLExRDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZSBTZXJ2 aWNlczEoMCYGA1UEAxMfUGVyc29uYWwgRnJlZW1haWwgUlNBIDIwMDAuOC4zMAIDBYFHMAkG BSsOAwIaBQCgggFhMBgGCSqGSIb3DQEJAzELBgkqhkiG9w0BBwEwHAYJKoZIhvcNAQkFMQ8X DTAyMDQwODIxNDM1MFowIwYJKoZIhvcNAQkEMRYEFNTdXc+B4cU+6VP2GzQj6xtfZC2KMFIG CSqGSIb3DQEJDzFFMEMwCgYIKoZIhvcNAwcwDgYIKoZIhvcNAwICAgCAMA0GCCqGSIb3DQMC AgFAMAcGBSsOAwIHMA0GCCqGSIb3DQMCAgEoMIGtBgsqhkiG9w0BCRACCzGBnaCBmjCBkjEL MAkGA1UEBhMCWkExFTATBgNVBAgTDFdlc3Rlcm4gQ2FwZTESMBAGA1UEBxMJQ2FwZSBUb3du MQ8wDQYDVQQKEwZUaGF3dGUxHTAbBgNVBAsTFENlcnRpZmljYXRlIFNlcnZpY2VzMSgwJgYD VQQDEx9QZXJzb25hbCBGcmVlbWFpbCBSU0EgMjAwMC44LjMwAgMFgUcwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEB BQAEgYBL3YZeb0dPMHPFT9y2r+Qr4Oer3iJf7EiTTD2xdMKVtbEwqsEbXpzNdMADbynKzP2H cYGBuyRkq4SOkVBNFVFhD9ZU3ulFxRW7mrduBtjF00CJgKZx6MSP8WXpcJo9h6VcZeXP7eAS S806e2R9fY2s/Bdw0coFVjCKoEpjwyEv3gAAAAAAAA== --------------ms040708090607080308090405-- To Unsubscribe: send mail to majordomo@FreeBSD.org with "unsubscribe freebsd-net" in the body of the message
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