Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2019 15:46:05 -0700 From: John Baldwin <jhb@FreeBSD.org> To: "freebsd-arch@freebsd.org" <freebsd-arch@freebsd.org> Subject: Open Crypto Framework Changes: Round 1 Message-ID: <c83b6b93-138d-26ca-6edf-4abac4df3d7f@FreeBSD.org>
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A while back I ranted about what I perceived to be several issues with our in-kernel framework. I've been working on a first round of changes over the past several months and believe I've gotten far enough to be a first milestone that's probably suitable for merging. At this point what I would most appreciate is design review on what I've done so far (though an eye towards the future wouldn't hurt). I have more changes I think I'd like to make, but this is a big enough chunk to chew on for now. The code: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/compare/master...bsdjhb:ocf_rework Summary of changes: - The linked list of cryptoini structures used in session initialization is replaced with a new flat structure: struct crypto_session_params. This session includes a new mode to define how the other fields should be interpreted. Available modes include: - COMPRESS (for compression/decompression) - CIPHER (for simple encryption/decryption) - DIGEST (computing and verifying digests) - AEAD (combined auth and encryption such as AES-GCM and AES-CCM) - ETA (combined auth and encryption using encrypt-then-authenticate) Additional modes could be added in the future (e.g. if we wanted to support TLS MtE for AES-CBC in the kernel we could add a new mode for that. TLS modes might also affect how AAD is interpreted, etc.) The flat structure also includes the key lengths and algorithms as before. However, code doesn't have to walk the linked list and switch on the algorithm to determine which key is the auth key vs encryption key. The 'csp_auth_*' fields are always used for auth keys and settings and 'csp_cipher_*' for cipher. (Compression algorithms are stored in csp_cipher_alg.) - Drivers no longer register a list of supported algorithms. This doesn't quite work when you factor in modes (e.g. a driver might support both AES-CBC and SHA2-256-HMAC separately but not combined for ETA). Instead, a new 'crypto_probesession' method has been added to the kobj interface for symmteric crypto drivers. This method returns a negative value on success (similar to how device_probe works) and the crypto framework uses this value to pick the "best" driver. There are three constants for hardware (e.g. ccr), accelerated software (e.g. aesni), and plain software (cryptosoft) that give preference in that order. One effect of this is that if you request hardware when creating a new session, you will no longer get a session using accelerated software. Once a driver is chosen, 'crypto_newsession' is invoked as before. - Crypto operations are now solely described by the flat 'cryptop' structure. The linked list of descriptors has been removed. A separate enum has been added to describe the type of data buffer in use instead of using CRYPTO_F_* flags to make it easier to add more types in the future if needed (e.g. wired userspace buffers for zero-copy). It will also make it easier to re-introduce separate input and output buffers (in-kernel TLS would benefit from this). I've tried to make the flags related to IV handling less insane: - CRYPTO_F_IV_SEPARATE means that the IV is stored in the 'crp_iv' member of the operation structure. If this flag is not set, the IV is stored in the data buffer at the 'crp_iv_start' offset. - CRYPTO_F_IV_GENERATE means that a random IV should be generated and stored into the data buffer. This cannot be used with CRYPTO_F_IV_SEPARATE. If a consumer wants to deal with explicit vs implicit IVs, etc. it can always generate the IV however it needs and store partial IVs in the data buffer and the full IV/nonce in crp_iv and set CRYPTO_F_IV_SEPARATE. The layout of the buffer is now described via fields in cryptop. crp_aad_start and crp_aad_length define the boundaries of any AAD. Previously with GCM and CCM you defined an auth crd with this range, but for ETA your auth crd had to span both the AAD and plaintext (and they had to be adjacent). crp_payload_start and crp_payload_length define the boundaries of the plaintext/ciphertext. Modes that only do a single operation (COMPRESS, CIPHER, DIGEST) should only use this region and leave the AAD region empty. If a digest is present (or should be generated), it's starting location is marked by crp_digest_start. Instead of using the CRD_F_ENCRYPT flag to determine the direction of the operation, cryptop now includes an 'op' field defining the operation to perform. For digests I've added a new VERIFY digest mode which assumes a digest is present in the input and fails the request with EBADMSG if it doesn't match the internally-computed digest. GCM and CCM already assumed this, and the new AEAD mode requires this for decryption. However, ETA mode now supports doing a verify as well (so in this tree IPsec always requests that the crypto layer verify the digest instead of doing it in IPsec). Simple DIGEST operations can also do this, though there are no in-tree consumers. To eventually support some refcounting to close races, the session cookie is now passed to crypto_getop() and clients should no longer set crp_sesssion directly. - Assymteric crypto operation structures should be allocated via crypto_getkreq() and freed via crypto_freekreq(). This permits the crypto layer to track open asym requests and close races with a driver trying to unregister while asym requests are in flight. - crypto_copyback, crypto_copydata, crypto_apply, and crypto_contiguous_subsegment now accept the 'crp' object as the first parameter instead of individual members. This makes it easier to deal with different buffer types in the future as well as separate input and output buffers. It's also just simpler for driver writers to use. - GCM and CCM sessions now only specify a cipher algorithm and a cipher key. The redundant auth information is not needed or used. - I have only converted a few things to date as I wanted to get an ok on the design before converting the rest: - /dev/crypto - IPsec - cryptosoft0 - ccr In the case of cryptosoft, I did split up the code a bit such that the 'process' callback now invokes a function pointer in the session. This function pointer is set based on the mode (in effect) though it simplifies a few edge cases that would otherwise be in the switch in 'process'. It does split up GCM vs CCM which I think is more readable even if there is some duplication. - I changed /dev/crypto to support GMAC requests using CRYPTO_AES_NIST_GMAC as an auth algorithm and updated cryptocheck to work with it. - I have not yet updated /dev/crypto to be aware of explicit modes for sessions. I will probably do that at some point in the future as well as teach it about IV/nonce and tag lengths for AEAD so we can support all of the NIST KAT tests for GCM and CCM. -- John Baldwin
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